Chapter 6 - NUCLEAR ENERGY

6.1- Radioactive Substance WHAT IS RADIOACTIVE 1) de ine ! substance "hose ato#s have an unstab$e nuc$eus %) Radioactive deca& process o e#ittin' ener'& b& nuc$eus o radioactive ato# in order to beco#e #ore stab$e. () Len'th o ti#e or radioactive to stab$e)non-radioactive) are varies ! e'!a- Uraniu#-%(* ta+es ,.- . 1/0 &ears to beco#e stab$e b- 1o$oniu#-%1% ta+es ( . 1/-2 seconds to stab$e RADIOISOTOPES 1) Radioactivit& - the process o radioactive substance 'ivin' out radioactive radiation %) 3sotopoes an e$e#ent are its ato#s "hich have the sa#e nu#ber o proton but di erent nu#bers o neutrons. () Radioisotopes isotopes "hich e#it heat 4 radiation "hich are invisib$e. E' !Radioisotope No. of No. of neutrons Nucleon no. s proton Carbon-1, 6 * 1, Coba$t-6/ %2 (( 6/ 5nuc$eon nu#bers 6 no. o protons 7 no. o neutrons ,) carbon has isotopes carbon-1%)N89 radioactive) carbon-1, )radioactive) RADIOACTIVE RADIATION 1) Radioactive deca&- 'oes on spontaneous$&:N89 a ected b& te#perature or pressure %)there are ( t&pes o radioactive radiation Alpha !" radiation a"Nature ("Char)e c"Penetratin) po*er +uasa ;e$iu# nuc$eus 1ositive ) 7 ) Lo" #eta $" radiation E$ectron Ne'ative )-) ;i'h %a&&a '" radiation E$ectro#a'netic "ave Neutra$ ;i'hest Sa#e nu#b. 8 protons 4 nu#b. 8 e$ectrons

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