Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
ISO REGIONAL WORKSHOP on CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT 12/13 June 2008 Kiev Dr. H. Eberhardt
Crandon 1908
Crandon 1908
Fredonia 1910
Ringwood 1894
Sultana 1865
TV AUSTRIA (1)
Established as inspection body and insurance company in 1872 In average about 600 casualties a year because of boiler explosions in Austria Neither authorities nor manufacturers were able to reduce the number of catastrophic explosions with enormous damages and economic damages Relevant industry established a company -TV AUSTRIA - in order to collect experience by inspection and testing Already in 1900 reduction of boiler explosions to a minimum
TV AUSTRIA (2)
Expanding the inspection activities in other fields like lifts, electrical installation etc. In 1908 the first testing laboratory was established in and formed the basis for a law for authorisation of laboratories which came 1910 into force Today TV AUSTRIA is an inspection body, certification body, testing and calibration laboratory in a wide range of activities and a great number of accreditations and notifications according to European directives
CEOC International
.
CEOC International
Created in Switzerland in 1961 with the aim to harmonize safety requirements for technical installations
Voluntary group of independent private, semi-private or governmental third party organisations, or associations of such organisations, for testing, technical inspection, for certification of personnel, products and (quality) management systems and for risk prevention. Most of the members operate on a non-profit basis. International not for profit association (AISBL) under Belgian law since 1996.
Through its members CEOC International represents some 60.000 employees (among them some are engineers) 2 new members in 2008 expected
Technical committees
Conformity Assessment CC CEOC-Eurolab JTCPTC Non-destructive Testing CND Machines, Lifts and Cranes CML Pressure Equipment CP Environment & Major Hazards CR Electrotechnology CE Inspection CI Occupational Health COH
Mission Statement
Promoting safety, quality and the environment worldwide through independent inspection and certification
Periodical inspection
Orientation on points of wear, corrosion etc.
Pre-shipment inspection
Inspection of goods before and after shipment Conformity with delivery notes (letter of credit)
Periodical inspection
Checking of all relevant items (laid down in a prescriptive document) on a product Example: car inspection (Check list) Electrical installations in a plant/building (often randomised inspection)
Periodical inspection
Boiler, Refinery, Lift, Cable way, Cranes, electrical installations, medical devices in hospitals etc
Determination of their conformity with general requirements on the basis of professional judgement (main difference to testing)
General rules, expert knowledge, experience, checklists
Examples
Confidentiality
The inspection body shall ensure confidentiality of information obtained in the course of its inspection activities.
Nowadays it is practice that inspectors have to sign a declaration of confidentiality.
Quality system
Quality manual, kept up to date, and reviewed (informative annex in the standard) Quality manager Management shall define and document the policy and objectives for, and commitment to quality. Operate an effective quality system appropriate to the type, range and volume of work. Internal audits Procedure for feedback and corrective actions
Personnel (1)
Sufficient number of competent and permanent personnel Knowledge of the technology used for the manufacturing of the products to be inspected Staff with the appropriate qualification, training experience, knowledge of the requirements and ability to make professional judgements Knowledge of the defects which may occur during use or in service Personnel shall understand the significance of deviations found with regard to the normal use of products or processes concerned
Personnel (2)
The inspection body shall establish a documented training system to ensure that the training of its personnel is kept up-to-date in accordance with its policy. The inspection body shall establish the necessary stages of training for each of its personnel. These may include
an introduction period a supervised working period with experienced inspectors continuation training, throughout employment, to keep pace with developing technology
Personnel (3)
The remuneration of persons engaged in inspection activities shall not directly depend on the number of inspections carried out and in no case on the results of such inspections. Records of academic and other qualifications, training and experience of each member of its personnel shall be maintained by the inspection body. The inspection body shall provide guidance for the conduct of its staff.
Condition of stored items shall be assessed at appropriate intervals to detect deterioration Procedures for maintenance of security data
Records
A record system shall be maintained Sufficient information in order to evaluate the inspection Safe storage for a defined period
Inspection reports
The work carried out shall be covered by a retrievable inspection report and/or inspection certificate Report shall contain:
Results of examinations Determination of conformity made from these results Information for understanding Involvement of subcontractors (if any)
Reports shall be signed or approved by authorised persons Corrections and additions after issuing shall be recorded and justified
Subcontracting
Inspection body shall itself normally perform the inspection Subcontractor must be competent to perform the service in question and shall fulfil the relevant requirements of this standard Information to the client about subcontracting When subcontracting specialised activities the inspection body shall have an independent person or body for the evaluation of the results
Co-operation
Inspection body is expected to participate in an exchange of experience with other inspection bodies and in the standardisation processes as appropriate
Future of Inspection
Cost effectiveness is very important for plant operators Risk based inspection
Expanding the inspection interval Measure of critical items (wall thickness, changes in the material during operation)
Problem of the periodical inspection of black boxes like electronic controls in machines, cars etc. Problem of the periodical inspection of e.g. air bags in cars Inspection of software
Differences between Inspection (ISO/IEC 17020) and Product Certification (ISO/IEC Guide 65)
Activity Inspection Product Certification
Certification of series of products and always by third party (indirect determination of conformance)
Nature of operation
Inspection of individual products, and not necessarily by third party (direct determination of conformance)
Differences between Inspection (ISO/IEC 17020) and Product Certification (ISO/IEC Guide 65)
Activity Product Certification Conformity Examined against Assessed against standards or other standards or other normative documents normative documents and/or general requirements Assurance Report provides Certification normally condition at the time provides continuing of inspection assurance of compliance Inspection
Differences between Inspection (ISO/IEC 17020) and Product Certification (ISO/IEC Guide 65)
Activity Decisions Inspection No need for separation of those taking inspection decisions from those performing inspection Product Certification Certification decisions taken by a different person(s) from those who have carried out evaluation
Differences between Inspection (ISO/IEC 17020) and Product Certification (ISO/IEC Guide 65)
Activity Inspection Product Certification
Issuing of licences
Grants licence to suppliers to issue certificate Marking of Marks put only on Marks may be put on a products products covered certified product under by inspection licence
No licences issued
Differences between Inspection (ISO/IEC 17020) and Product Certification (ISO/IEC Guide 65)
Activity Inspection Product Certification
Surveillance Only where required in order to support inspection In-service Always by inspection of inspection products