CRAFT & DESIGN click

here

FERROUS & NON- for main

FERROUS METALS
in two categories, ‘ferrous’ and ‘non-ferrous’ metals. These metals can be used to build/manufacture a wide range of items. Study menu
While preparing for the Standard Grade exam, you must get yourself familiar with the range of common metals to be found in a workshop. They fit
the properties of
the materials below.
FERROUS METALS - Metals that contain iron. NON-FERROUS METALS - Do not contain iron
NAME ALLOY OF PROPERTIES USES NAME COLOUR ALLOY OF; PROPERTIES USES

Mild Steel Carbon 0.1 - 0.3% Tough. High tensile strength. Can Most common
Iron 99.9 - 99.7% be case hardened. Rusts very metal used in Alumini Light grey Aluminium 95% Ductile, soft, malleable, Window
easily. school um Copper 4% machines well. Very frames, aircraft,
workshops. Used Manganese 1% light. kitchen ware.
in widely in
engineering.

Carbon Steel Carbon 0.6 - 1.4% Tough. Can be hardened and Cutting tools
Iron 99.4 - 98.6% tempered. such as drills. Copper Reddish Not an alloy Ductile, can be beaten Electrical
brown into shape. Conducts wiring, tubing,
electricity and heat. kettles, bowls,
pipes.
Stainless steel Iron, nickel and Tough, resistant to rust and stains. Cutlery, medical
chromium. instruments. Brass Yellow Mixture of copper Hard. Casts and Parts for
and zinc 65% - 35% machines well. Surface electrical
Cast iron Carbon 2 - 6% Strong but brittle. Compressive Castings, most common ratio. tarnishes. Conducts fittings,
Iron 98 - 94% strength very high. manhole covers, electricity. ornaments.
engines. Silver Whitish grey Mainly silver but Ductile, Malleable, Jewellery,
alloyed with copper solders, resists corrosion. solder,
to give sterling ornaments.
Wrought iron Almost 100% iron Fibrous, tough, ductile, resistant to Ornamental silver.
rusting. gates and
railings. Lead Bluish grey Not an alloy. Soft, heavy, ductile, loses Solders, pipes,
its shape under pressure. batteries,
roofing