Throug gh play children c develop domains s such as s:

Physical Fine F Motor Sills S Gross G Motor r Skills Sensory Skill ls

Cognitive C Cur riosity Dis scovery Ima agination Thin nking & Prob blem Solvin ng

Lan nguage Comprehension Conve ersations Early Literacy Expan nding vocabu ulary

Physic cal Devel lopment: :

Typical D Developme ent:
Gross motor r skills: 1. Push hing riding toy ys while steer ring 2. Kicki ing and rolling g a ball 3. Clim mbing up and jump ping down sta airs 4. Boun ncing body ag gainst ball w with straight arm Fine motor s skills: 1. Scrib bbling in circle es 2. Thre eading beads o on a strin ng 3. Dabb bing with cray yons and m markers 4. Coor rdinating eye and hand d motion Sensory skil lls: rn about the w world Children lear through their r senses and t their first response e to the resources around them is to touch, pat, swirl, sm mell and rub t them and more.

Atypica al Develop pment:

Sign of a delay in ch hildren deve elopment such as child i is not able t to:

Climb C well Run R easily Stand on one e foot Turn T book pa ages Follow F simpl le instructio ons Throw T a ball l Scribble

Cognit tive Development:

Typical l Developm ment:

1. Sh howing persis stence in ap pproaching tasks 2. Cl lassifying obje ects 3. Re ecognizing pa atterns and co olors 4. Co onsidering sev veral po ossibilities and d analyzing re esults 5. In nterpreting rep presentations s 6. In nvestigating w ways to make so omething happ pen

Atypica al Develop pment:

Sign of a delay in ch hildren deve elopment such as child is not able t to:

Recognize R sh hapes

Recognize R an nd name col lors Sort objects by b shape an nd color Complete C pu uzzles Copy, C imitat te or model actions a

uage Developmen nt: Langu

Typica l Develop pment:

1. In ncreasing abil lity to attend to and understand co onversations, stories, so ongs, and poe ems. 2. S Showing progr ress in u understanding g and following simp ple and fo m multiple-step d directions. 3. E Engaging child dren in co onversations about ex xperiences an nd events

Atypica al Develop pment:

Sign of a delay in ch hildren deve elopment such as child i is not able t to:

Point P to obje ect or pictur re when its named for h him Ask A for help using words s Recognize R an nd identify almost a all co ommon obje ects and pic ctures Listen L to mu usic or storie es

Ask and answer a lot of questions

Suggestions:
For optimal development caregivers and parents can assist children with the following strategies: Provide opportunities for play and exploration Offer play with other children Encourage children to make choices Engage children in dramatic play, Develop opportunities for children to use their fine motor skills, Continue expanding language skills by talking, reading, and singing, Offer Opportunities for play with peers and older children with minimal adult interference Create opportunities to develop of self-reliance, self-control, cooperation, empathy and a sense of belonging. Emphasis modeling, observation, and imitation.

Social/ /Emotional Deve elopment t:

Typ ical Development:

Demonstr rating trust in adults g own feelings s Expressing Taking res sponsibility Recognizin ng the feelings s of others with others Sharing w Respecting g the rights an nd feelings of f peers

Atypica al Develop pment:

Sign of a delay in ch hildren deve elopment such as child i is not able t to:

Lashes L out without w any self-control l when angr ry or upset Does D not use e sentences of o more tha an three wor rds Does D not use e me and you y approp priately

Sugges stions:
For optim mal develop pment careg givers and parents can a assist childr ren with the e following strategie es:

 Provide opportunities to socialize with people around their family as well as other trusting adults Create opportunities to enhance social skills such as creating playdates with other children Help children cope with their frustrations and emotions to better understand them

Moral Development: Typical Development

Begins to internalize family values Child follows inner rules They understand the roles

Atypical Development
Dont understand consequences They dont understand norms

Suggestions:
For optimal development caregivers and parents can assist children with the following strategies: Help children understand guidelines Enhance respect to authorities and show them consequences Children development is influenced by many factors such as social and cultural influences. Human beings are social beings. Right from the start, they develop within a social context. Family plays an important role because they install values in their children according to their culture which to ways of life styles, beliefs, language, and so. All these influence children development.

Resources:
Berk, L. E. (2013).Child development. (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Copple, C., & Bredekamp, S. (Eds.) (2009). Developmentally appropriate practice in early childhood programs. Washington, D.C.: National Association for the Education of Young Children. McDevitt, T., & Ormrod, J. (2004). Child Development: Educating and Working with Children and Adolescents (2nd ed.). : Prentice Hall