Laboratory Procedures For RPD Framework Construction

Steps of Construction
1- Preparation of master cast 2- Duplication 3- Wax pattern & Sprueing 4-Investing& burn-out 5- Casting 6- Finishing & Polishing 7-Fitting the framework to the master cast

1- Preparation of Master Cast

A- Spraying B- Beading of maxillary major connector. C- Block out C- Relief

Master Cast Preparation

A- SPRAYING * Treating the master cast with a surface sealer using a brush or an aerosol spray to seal the cast and protect the drawn design during the other steps of cast preparation and during duplication.

* The sealer is a mixture of acetone, diethyl phthalate, and cellulose acetate. * The cast must be allowed to dry for 5 minutes.

Master Cast Preparation

B- Beading is the act of scraping the
outline of the major connector into the master cast.

Master Cast Preparation

* The bead line is approximately
0.5-1 mm & becomes less distinct as it approaches the gingival margin or midline of hard palate.

Master Cast Preparation

* The bead line produces a raised edge at the border of the major connector & ensures positive contact of the major connector with the palatal tissues to prevent food particles from collecting under the framework.

Master Cast Preparation

* Bead lines are not used with mandibular major connectors because these connectors rest on thin gingival tissues that cannot tolerate the associated pressures.

C- Block out
* Blocking out is the act of placing wax
and other materials into undesirable undercuts on the master cast before

duplication.

Block out
* Both hard & soft tissue areas will require block out so that the completed casting will go completely to place along the desired path of insertion.

Parallel blockout:
1-Proximal

surfaces cervical to guiding

planes.
2-soft

tissue undercuts that are crossed by rigid connectors.

3-Soft

tissue undercut crossed by bar

clasp.

Arbitrary Block out sites

* Gingival margins
* Spaces between teeth * Tissue undercuts * Gross undercuts not in the design but would complicate the duplication procedure.

Ledges under clasp arms Shaped Blockout

* Shaped block out or ledging is used on the buccal or lingual surfaces. * They guide the placement of the clasp wax pattern on the investment cast.

D- Relief
* Any addition of wax intended to make the framework stand away from the master cast is termed Relief.

C- Relief
* In addition to serving as a spacer, one margin of the relief wax forms the Internal finish line of the framework.
* It is essential that this finish line be sharply defined.

Tissue stop.
A

small square of 2mm of relief wax is removed at the distal end of the saddle. It provides stability of the framework during acrylic resin processing

II- Duplication of the master cast

* Duplication is the procedure of accurately reproducing a working cast.

Steps of Duplication
* Production of the agar mold

* Making the investment ( refractory cast)

* Hardening the investment cast.

Duplication of master cast

* Prepared cast are duplicated to produce an exact copy of the master cast in an investment material Refractory cast.
* Refractory cast contains ceramic material that permits it to withstand high burn out temperature * Refractory cast has expansion to compensate for metal shrinkage

Duplicating flask
Duplicating flask is a consists of:
1. Bottom.. 2. Ring 3. Feeding top

Duplicating colloids Agar-Agar

Re-used many times. Cleaned and melted after each use. Prepared and stored in automatic duplicating machine. The suitable working temperature is 63 c It prevent melting the blockout wax

Production of the agar mold

* Mount master cast * Seat body of flask * Prepare agar or silicone * Filling the flask with agar * after hardening remove the master cast from the agar mold

Making the Investment Cast

* Make the investment mix

* Pouring
* Obtaining the investment cast.

Types of investment materials

1-Gypsum-bonded It

investment.

can be burn out to 704 c without breakdown. It is used for low fusing alloys as Gold

2 It

Phosphate-bonded investment

can be burn out to 1037c without breakdown. It is used for high fusing alloys As Cobalt chromium

The cast is removed from the colloid mold &

placed in drying oven at 180-200F for - 1 hour.

(for hardening to avoid surface scratches)

Hardening the investment cast

while The cast is still warm it either: Dipped in Bees Wax at 280-300F for 15 seconds or Sprayed This make the cast smooth and dense