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Teche (Seeeces te nr secs fiend lly am cin son, ‘Stee ea en scrrine por! elt cate sd ei Iseoee te concen of eta reg te, ad dca olf relay groh drieg production Foe specie plet ried 0 the {paiiexton among of reduction pete, ce ld wir oe ere eg (81 881 8.1 Basic Activities “Tey deli nto an tem nh dng phe shade eed Shing pod. For 2 pune, fling hanes ne my 1. Manegnee fe e's faa vi a ee ie rin toon conta nd stntig of args nd mains, 2 Seen ad uae of proton fase and presen, sole ing) {Mio and conto 0 he pradicton proces Candy, ig, temperate pa. 4 Proton eat done dng potter dre (ESD), ‘neni eral eee ese) ‘Spann slo sy id Somerton of df faire sei ‘dng hee pfaton ong ow peo rte mm uy thy ne Da Pu Pe 6 Quay st ihty era ning pear (carmen doa. ‘aon aogier a) 11 Calirnon cee td ig ope 1 emer nie! te ncn and even) 8. Seeing ofl cnn an scab 1 Reta ane sein eit ie conarton nano pning me conf cnet ain el 8 sr ni me ial a ea ay etn ee Sess prs eta sereeing poses fer eltone component ‘Seno, mtae he oct of tet sed eng ey, ed at ‘odeing ey posh ee eo, 82. Testing and Screening of Electronic Components 821 Testing of Electronic Components Mot econ cmon td dy by th ed tan sampling ac ‘ot cll cfecve sunpng lay sl ten consoaonte ly tance orf espn! mnaarter prc be ence ch Inge eargh alow sparc of rare thn ? active compen 0 ‘ies 71173 an Sens 71210713) 1008 come mein hs be peomed foc component andi igh elatyanlr sy slp tnd ssews. or new conponws, oft se ete devie ke poe! Senicndntoc, ning IC, td covet loi Cs sed athe ie of ‘ex dani omar hava oT cing pet ect ‘omer o 1 eck deton fl ert fc 2 Recs of bef eee popliteal PCB. 3 Siplienino ete PCB eve 4 Raper be ce epee ye pts, 5. meio pit uly change om to wii ese a Des sch rtp, diet Kas of damage (ovestss dig eg 12 renyad Soe Be Cope » stsembting of solsiag can case problems atthe PCB lve Defective ‘Probables panei on sar palo fe elie eopone ns tose on cal cepont In deaing st sey. pe ‘hang ofp om lt oto ia hese sos aio Re enn [Aneta afte procedure fa evo cnponet i en Scion 321 See VESLICe Tet sarge wo cox conden me eos Seton 83 82.2 Screening of Fectronle Components ‘Been components whic new ote mart, ce ama ari, ‘subj oat inpont rede oma mh ice) ae procs paranoia ares le aig et oper Sr Ganely opt sone ew een ie) eee of gh cement Cots alegapnt eel er te fi con xn x aes sd berlin rey sued on ped cra oe Deng 1, aay stl chai it onl ot oper fill operon 2 Wem irae done (ESD, essen) wih maybe hc fhe aa ety, soueing sow be perome yale peat be ed 0 he Joss mechs whch av fe itive Sd shod tee damage ‘rao the compen eve. Exp oe met fo fem show at for eabhed chloe nl sale proces parent. te ‘seer fr Ste pte owe) ee até Bun rT ae he st Sov ep preci eart flare. Tate Bes reg ence of ‘Neel sponte high oll or ey eqn dts "he alowng ia dip foe peta pen scene eee {ecards fr igh ally o options 1, Mihmpeace age: The pare of igh tempera rage i he ‘bli af te eqodjmle elvis td es of te We elect Parente, Fue meconane ned to spl coin, ‘tie cot) we pare atiedThe fae pled ona mca ‘ay at ote vay to sed heal tage ste) nan en SC fat 1th Shon leit tn ale proce snore Nea be 2, Thermal lr: The ppt of te yc i tet 18 ato erp pena changes hs ac ul mshi eed 0 ‘Seal erated by sian hexane fe ‘Sesh nd Tora cytes re eer peroed sr nin «0 20 cy ate ne Da ei ie ‘at At Tn tigen or ei me in ayo ‘Meteotemet satanic mann Ceneet_| — listens — feminine ace -01e1O kersapar | Teoma ae res eye [ten (Stace eenuie Cu, omuencmer ee Tine 1d at Fm frases eons rat aca pemme rce Urart ae S, Strect femme [orumes Rerrehe.ae SESE ent eo | osc) alma me oe ct sh | cso [ating mtn ar ace -szaem, | vnatignin, gnemng CD, Nghe (2), = fesse | no" [ere Be erm | ee eee = antes oen aero thigh tempera chamber and vice ve ‘sing = The IC we pelos meal ay (ison he yf ad ‘ena olug sree) an steed tate 1 tema eo 650 ‘50% Det tae tte empress tule Daf te ‘Sema erin of tH ben the wt 25°C), aon tine (es tha min Sl scdealy hes rotem, 2 oie stapes (ip)ea ted 2 Conan alr: Tepe of he conan scent ck ‘sects sy af each, bong and postage Tey nly Pero for Ce nhemet ckgne wenn eal pon Tie 1s me poe nu cmp nd ned aslo of 20000, (Gontoomi) fe code ental ane 4, Burm Bun alae epee, ft mig tp rots opr 8% te ip cele an Ff psec ds Tes a plein ances t 25°C fr 60 ro pert) Seay cdma a his wngerte cing tr port ot ‘nis eaten mare). ey 1 shld oer Be ae eri ‘ml in ei The comngerce oh igh bu tent {ene arcelaton cer A tsp ye Arenal 58) ay eg, EF 3 ire, ‘the the statin energy ihe ems ca (8610-0, Sy sed) he ae ae ip emperors sd % Gn ‘pre. 0 esti ran ne ‘Eivatrscmdig tt fr channel Global eee lee ‘er Cr ie teres Ot and EV. Us (7 56, te aw ron ‘compu fora pien pcan, Ferner of xy fae So, =55C. and bys 1N0C Goreon torte °C) he ‘tive bre ron wae of tet Oh fr, = 0858 ad 308 fie Eps O4eV, Misofen ite odie wher a faye barrister eer. Sk su xd, a alization rons be Stes rca a ne mest, eae pra ke ‘ch ache on te be cl expen 5. Sa Ast eer chek thee ey he cry ud ‘hep ia trmetealy cage Ilex bei wth ne later Te a ‘bed ina van (ih OS) tlh snd elm nose ‘Sc rr (oh Sm) ern wang ped in op (3a), tatu fatage i ened wi te lp fs specie ae sector eatied esi apn. 1-utmco, depending oe a 1 ir nb nr Di Pei Pa vy vl), Aft eit et Cr ae ee fer ru a 1G ae ned ina vcoum (05 at Sea) tal te eed vse pes (20 a ‘aon tron P72: ar srt wig Pood open (2) Ge ies ime Maes ae bt (FC) a 125 ‘Sontnens seams nor ge ales se ese ae 8.3. Testing and Screening of Electronic Assemblies ci! ating felsic aes, fr nce ppm eid cut Imre Pr a aay pre oe fe tia a: 1, Balt wih te any rai Wh Oe PCB as. 2 Fanta et with eel enna et niet 3, nee at lowe by ft! te steno uaa wich Seb iswnd “Tei mo ef fr else pct. us har cps veteran gu) nd tsar oe ae Iain of ecto FCB publ The seed wes Isobe fr teeters priest om the pot of ew of rt pt eee, ig ton ei expe, Te Inc toncqupmant Was achsqupmen. ech compen ey ota edly gsr a be ace psi ‘npc ni date eacondactn,mwel t fo SS! nd MSI I, i creas dct ea enon necton Sr Land VLSI ICS (Gmcnal sen nce eupanm wt ined soe ew 10D and ‘hmm tw a poe. Th, rven eel es sd beng {Siem of cl pen shad nt be io. A Fate dng neo eng tte cpt fw canbe ocd a LOW ou HH “Pena cringe zeal toe (3Dm) bt ny escent w ae ‘hogan ques, oh dle er eens (pes ‘easy pacar, parallel component rans eager) ‘Shot engi ty Ow mon ffi tse tet pope pes Sos (PC), on conten of pd ect aloo cp. "Bsus fhe pe mer of components td wl as isle te diene proaii of PC canbe rey hs abl dec cntons 1 Ton en pp 2 (on, Expense sho for PCB wit au 50 conga 300 cr 5s owing ne lean expe tT for at ‘epee fo + 0.302% dee FOB (es Soran gon, 11S wc edt PO nee aa). onsen sch gee ingore ht fective FC ten ‘evoke an hat pry apo eo ae give ieee iy lay oP, Seren pepe na ool ads (PCB) sein wih her (cing vce. Expense er of Bs (6) ra he (eclaiogy nd shih ly rato 2 thermal ce betwen OC and °C, wt temperment 15h (oitn he component dnl nw 210mm a perf incon wib PCB xg) Simin non eon, 29-50 eo be pre eget ‘irom oc ei, 5s Ph eel an tor Corea isto on SMP semis do ph (3.78, 380, 5.4) ave sows that belly feet efron ces can be [peat need cle ot gain aay hg a rel eae {er teal res a darting tebe ener pens (Sein 14) er tis rn, ceng of puted PCBs SMT chal Be ‘Poul eenprar pad ec be fe wt own. Preere ‘So tye he pared hee, bed qi end ay ng ee (285) ate romed a0 ina ee fon of Ps gh alah or fer applet wo poke rar fares. Ix ste 8 bass feesce higher terse ‘Thamar cat be oebied wi power eno uci own 9 ‘cra tvs However geo emit ate fo PCS (tt ‘he ego lee shui be etait on» este bs an be Pero recensined (ete even cnet te percentage fey Fees ops below en ao 50 1) ™ quero fre Pc 84 Test and Screening Strategies, Economic Aspects 84.1. asic Considerations Toning sed seen of cpl een costa nd pope tes ‘curb (FCB) en scum oer 208 of tt rine caste In ven of opto of its wild ng sd rig ug Foficton cry manasa of hihpertsrmace eqn ad syne ‘tone ih along ges What the mac fect ep lima ol dec sstemaic {area efor pore Nomen hon? “oem this question depends ei ce eve guy, resi 1 te oe rte ta noses th cme of eer rer ‘Geert of nh tr rep. season Bee fered ‘vane, waranty sot france." and seeing says ‘Gabe tered ete ose, pcos compe, PANO 14 Tn Sea Sem pce 2s tn olution pss, a la 9 hid andl of te manatee Inset upsach suey, he flowing pec mat nae 1 Grego shine warany o sad ole o ige: 2 Testing td cena Sel! ep tthe luc ket fo dt eect. oma tefl fe torn 3. Quatieason res payer srs Import osname ‘seman ee, they hols Inde Perse, snvinenens, ae ‘iy 4 Testing ected cay pnd oer high nee fee ane areal da poring sen FE 1) 5 Proms of weg revised eet mth ie pas, gpa inet. gue Sas be wed at 2 rig pit fi he development» te and seveig sag) sey et The ae sos ewe tate (nd nt Sst he xan of le 82, whe eet ess Se = “Ele Jets ‘uy 82, Cupar tt sg et he ‘Secon py, ve py if ig ming ete) | 2 5 ty misty nec De Pn ae cong Ba ce ig. 2 el ite prt sted uni fgepmet yea fr nih olf U0 so en type se een The Ce Se dared wits ect probity p=08% "Dating tb postin, ‘Since aur ana waa of nares ding metog wit meas of 001% ince nspecon 01a nly vel 8ST at {GS at nceing sper, $20 a tenes, $20 epee, 2d $200 ding way The ot arp iri he ray (7 ‘tcovarig nd clings ees prey forte feel, 1,08 10 est sea at 085, 09,08, 101 econ tes es ‘Sue intr example, ht he ate cat to sro he detecon {cay ting peso ($0.0 per IC) at comely hen Tee tease eel ig $00) Ase B2 stows, cove i eon eu sg a rth eal) le ate i ee oe ates (mu dos ce). Tae wien bx Fe, on bebo 1000 1Caa eps force ny. Meine tt Fig &2cane wel ely wel poe he dion ‘op or enue toler of so menus roid ee ‘ics ‘842 Quality Cost Optimization at Incoming Inspection Level nth secion, optimist Became et nd erent tray ever nr ce wher ODE acon get secon spect ona sling se ae ast ee. Two ces Wl edged cenng pci itt cing to, ce gr BS and i) anda etn wih scrsing (et on seeing, eH 6S and 1A roby fcc teaming eG. obi of ag > Dore the cece compensa sane Cae mc of Bren by By (ALR oh p= py nd tne wes ig 1207, ‘Ace tae a bat fr cenng eri it) Ges Sica conn = pce cont er emponel grr {= ean com per eompoet et e) 1S etn so per compost ening wiht) et vale (an) of he tl co (Secs dele ring {gece wi ening et el) ofa of Noes ‘pec vl (an) af al co (Se! a eed ncn Seve obit (eects ete est Front fra cry fre ey Tres ae prep by the ieaing Conse it he sing pectin wih ei eo) Th cae sponge swan 83. Pom B83, flowing Cn eon Cie be cae or exposed ae es) oe alco C Gaga le Fac + AN “MALAY Rue UWA ace Nee ger)2O Ac —Ua Po a Invenio lenge 1 for py=0, A= nde Gen ay Ga Net rue a eect a GN nee st asap tet emer co ii. soe as 14 Neng gi hp = Cee ‘pclae thomas aa sts 00% acing inspector of ‘he pra aon athe cate aot tthe dl of Fig 83 gen {aig 84, Tee amp ofse nt betel ale the 100% Incming ‘open if he ny (id so ed even alu of Pg ‘ses rte snl lt can iter fom te med ee Ale of AL raat {ae 7) cam be sd eerie van end eo he sing a, QL py hme nd ADL py ren othe ie fend ‘evcsing (Sho 83). Pp gies he corespndng nen eh = ey hy A i din fae Gem step tte Nm Atayey +AzueH O-ANG Hem mil A +0 P06) = Mle, stny4neri¥(-mdlryey+AsPece tO ANG4 Rue) Aes sey mde ‘eo Reet 87 nee nel np mee ‘Teese eerie a wh (82) ata cont at Pps neset0-ANG Rue )<6, 407+ a an hol, en sapling ein with erect eect 3.100% ssng, The pact ei of he proce scatg the del fe iSieghenl Py 84 Asin ig 4a. angle corte ers ea tbe TOD soning ithe egy (7) la ao ed Yn he keel ya hr ean ef de Inout ni 84 ows Go nga (7) wit Oe mmo ey >> ‘Apece (0-Aie + pr). oe 4-9 Te mca tne n slot cat farang perso mth ening ost (4). m 1 ay ay ae a Pe 843 Procedure to handle first deliveries Conynet. mera nd exeralymanfictd sass oases ‘hol bse ae rt dee ae spent econ poe Pat ‘tt pocedie canbe peed I open we manta © ad “ipeoon oles. Thee 7 gee ett o ach poo Sto 32 wor questions compet snenen 85° Reliability Growth 1 gesope quiet te eiy of comgexeupmant or systems often orsign. 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(Serine mod by 1, Date (6) ad red ancl made) by LH Crow 845 (07, onan he AMSKA mel, ses athe low ferent ean ‘sent flrs conte + tonhomayno Pon prs ith ny eqarasy ocpet an i) a te ae sae om it in he ae «Wei Sutton, However he we quae nomen dir ANselet ‘tte ung a ete (he ramon ond ean be ‘iat ni ine conan oping nen oa he ceed ities c.f em ag at abnor Posen pes Preven) = 2 = onary ax el for sy 20,1 needy of te mae ad ston te ‘ese (a) te foi tad ncn (9 (A825) ca do ‘stinaton fe paramees cat Lemihems lee MNS MOD per MEME MED spear fh a) ere Mihi ot eames i eet an 1 ty at Rs A Dai ein, nt =ntaap)-a70 +p Se an “oe mora td etter ed of te pratera hin Met) ng agg all - “Blea # J) iene fet om an Enz aan ai aw Wits known vas for & and, HC.) canbe ad fo ena te ta nay ay rw pene is hey {erat tier) meh be ae il opin ane 8). — Sm Sa see WW Tots, 28 and Sir )0, to fom, 39 Bo {eu nt od time he ent ie Be ‘my gona sooner gn url pn See seme yen BB wi 8 Fo Fete mean alte Ty) of he oie om bry Sin pil othe sex deco roma re be esi, ening hl rs ‘Senne trogen Poe es) 2s mjenvs, 8 vino TW fr MUs)= M+. mls) =>. fore em bay fron fm Soe i'n Secon 722 thc homeo Fabsen pacar Ts tense honhoregmon Pion preses te nt neal proce wee Ee 10) 9 (81D) 0 Sng ‘emmy. xing smd bros fandom are = "Te sce of he Duane mode fin sly god fo eon loses an mechan quent ae yone es so be wd Soest ie ocumece of fhar defects mic ees) oem peng = {ares oy ce fe foe comp ower her na eee scsi Bees freee Secon 44) Ameg eee [prions Pin mol wich se moment Pion pre th me we! ocansyes. 16) “Beye Foe th fps Poon mal ht dye ithe) =O an ‘Moycas The at con bet anagem gel he Dae me or ich mye. Acoing MO)" Rl pM ag aayen(P an ring fr hive ara 00 mode nein A me int Ly. acaben a mo-af-ar ben OcayenOepel, Gs) pec, eich coin ina malice way wo pole Mi), ‘The ‘ceo ese wrnaste et wan AO tal TH sep tthe ta <0, gm ns as Seite) Ee (18) ad (20 el wiht of te an cn he Herrite (5) Hower n rer ic ib fap "et sete whine an App cpt of AL Terms and Definitions “These proves defn md commento te ems nt coma Sal iby engin. ee BAL! fer seat of ie tes “Tle extend hs apni the tem ud stare uy. Rear ‘re a1 ALS} eet ends a bn ne ram Sym ng Come ag Co cen ey a ser impwm Bean Lega Some Sue aly Mam TM “aya Arai Pea Ava (PA) ‘Sain asin ‘rr nna ed i fT a ya ey nt tena Fegan is sve i er fe en ir bi ee aCe ey teens ape py wage hoo antl mgt Seon nt is pr ra Ren ie erated pra fmt in eee enone with mec amet ‘meant vey fle Seg thecal fat Pt ‘ean pov tutasatesmnncah rasayana copay eomans) tm al cena died py, is tenet » ConcaretEagieeig Sytnatie apache te tne 1 develop sa mae em, {by ens pan vin be id Seep se Sipe aroma oe Contec Magee rvs coal econ maitre hangs fawn i of ecto led i ea iepat uo enc TQ pec mp in hn ‘het nose wich on ge por segues con ‘Sie rege me tie ee Sicger cm mney spc owe sng a ‘Slovo hepa gy ot on opines an cnpt i ctattee ater equinoensine oi a ‘eto fn lf 0 A Rome ‘sera psa 0, ent om pt oper ons tls i meen. Sere to bo Sparse ets inten ‘Salty ctso tssur Us ar homers ee (Gey sony ted re promt 972 weer me ce Depentny cote om ed deeb aly pcmcia ng acs ch elahity perme, may prarmane a este sro sean erating onto of he fil nd apa fn em Wh be at ee Des Review ‘ea daar pc nyt ain lens an proper won sp ee sec ol fy cnr TO te ‘Satya onay eA 2) sont net SE oer emer eb en a vrei Se Serving 5) cs eat es Sissi rin te ery CH aie en 8 a St ere marae be Pace ay pon mo ‘thal peo eo a nen Se Se ‘Sree St a var ab ce en Spa as ‘Terinkin of iy of a pr cid ft ‘in ei ci ey mec fn ni, inom ‘opr nt tr detriment Theol! SE At ect att vm ater Rate) ‘Lint for 6-0 oe pba Ota tn i i te ner (Gr ven Othe em we sew = dd lhe er (Gh aid ce ei yy) int ir fre ee dune pp bevecsesn ae Te eto ti iy s.r B= hows R= BM a tr ‘Sic etl mw lob i ne ae ae {ies pe ct a (ete) we the Depa rain ‘iene nn Teen re ht Ste fan tm tracer by the aby open eid fon ‘cnn elie uct pete mstcu, oped peo re Madea es Ane FMEA) esnie meta of ahi a which nan ech lene o ‘Stan de veo ol posible fast mses a of omens au Motes, Fc and Cet Anyss PMECA) Qualitative med fealty epi which nes che Sipe mis a Ee cna rt SaaS it mn on omy Oe aa Tre Asay (FTA) ‘re eta cents may ret aa ne ant ode fem, rset Fe AMEN” pp nap ste nai hae ‘itech peas be cao ao Secession yan ‘ec tial ‘cuneate te cyte Cn .60) Stn of ht fr agison, operon, mean, sd poe regen ae poses knee eters gg tea ae ‘Stem nm ane St cane a pn od Sty cop tein Tine pn etre alpen le nape. Loto Sapert Allee anderen opie tive and soon wo ant en pein pa Lapin we ge eae eine ae ig apt Sees hite nmarr en en ‘een rte a) yah te gat en pe pee Manas Pry that een mtn or pio te i pero ‘thins stl nea pen pees sd eae eng teow iin acne sci an Ap Feo ince ite ocyon saa Speci ak which muse ld bya em ng x eine de ‘Re nnn te eter ein in le nl ends ce nA strane eps yes hehe ere 3 Tater pce kin?! sase Te eet ue eng gested le (es) of nn re et peating ne sr mn se MT io yo nce psa empant Ce iar ac gr ips ve (et) of an i's peeve mien in npc a (es) fe ine eae sd ms ‘he eneme WTO sted ying oa be of pe ed Se ee ti a 1 Temes oes apc vl en of nee die Sang teres Reece oan oncostormity Sm i ee enya as recbed poate ori poet le oh depts of ‘esc Toe conn spe sn a en ae ‘ti sen yn enforce tpn tera Se eae Prodct aerace Al plea sen stv nosy ore pid ret fr ‘erty, aay, ay nly of ey wl a ove wae ot at et nt ene ‘eset me ean ep gm, ne ga TSS mete eam aap Proc Lnhty sn ui a, er eae comer ease) oe serfctiee met ae nt coer poser ae sc pec ‘Se KK be ply sme Ee (115 19, Hoenn Ep te say Btn (Gatiy ie sre eter ina ed mania or Ips ce pers pe gone en ly asus. natty Tuto earache in cso at eat bint st eri ade ‘in pen soni je ap ech ose ai a coders te nr ts ese ‘Token cane ple pn on nde a. ‘cet Aree ie sn Ste) Al pe and otic ste een provide eget cnn ‘cen on rout ore) wl ay en eutenens f Cy nm i he a ayant TM Taste meen ne epi e in [tytn mg ei eco pm son ty Sceptre gi nem! ‘Soba ed iba et Sv ont met eae Sia nam tn testa erin oa cotty Contel ering Precton on fi proesin pret an pate rec sted quay of securing hey ne tn pl py trad TOM A tem li 2 aly Date Reporting sens Sytem sol aman cos left a als xc ing ottoman xing oo eta elm te sd ak he onespontng uly ad eye ‘etry on ug poner tc nea we ay Tt ‘eto vey whee an i ofan cid eee Bi eran mime rem Ten So mmraston Redandesey ‘eas re tlt pe ney an so ‘ena cpt gn a pt ee aay, 8) Prbailty tat an Hom wl yr i roid fenton ede given ‘onto fo ae era sec nein yori nn grey ig seetanl eee nya Tetsu bens yao ot tb pan. T sy fb tis tw paral a ‘cats Str menswear tan area ‘Tien tne pon cn win un ac MES Retaity Beck igre renin fae hm, ‘isn fen oe cn eran wc fa ee ctatam ato cui ec cmes sch em SSE wc tp son se mi ee ie aity Grom, A csi chanced by a zpenine igrovenent fhe ity ‘er with Ue, Begh sucestal coeon of eho poston ese ee ey ty on rae i dere ‘Mime ny Ls ne ae Jaan te ely pout sn cua at tsp te eo lara hie oo st ene a fev cyan ne eget Feacton insoe soba of noe oan em hs come cea Feorenenvineny ‘satty by nemo ane ter inp, er im mate (nage or ober vacepaie commence ‘serena rin ne rin i tng cy Sec ep cen on Connie of ocpneey, sien tans wwe il tec, cage apeoeniag slo upping sonoma 99 ‘eral ie Sogn et ams wi ‘nn Spent Paare ar won cs in a em tae he se, proacn, owe tenn ‘eunaan avineine Sytens Pagerng Aron of mtn and ska anes deep es ‘Sie roars rmomcly ot bene of, an yan pp ti ‘Total Quality Manageme TOM) Masagenenapach of cpa cnee on quali te te bean a trad gg rh Wa TOM nes a ne tt cy a eget di, iin, SOLES lottery ma ears (ett te “ol gesing if mem ed for sees te wen he i ‘re printer noi ees ona ted or resem ten einen of aes boone nape ewe ‘sous an be es cone bs ogee pete em ng en api ye Vale Asay pt of etn nm el i tion Vote ane Appian fase sys meas sng he sign se optimize A2 Quality and Reliability Standards Bases gure elon reiement (ge) sch 2 TBE MTR. valuta ven sysem speseston comer fe ee uly ‘Seurncefnangemon tan, sd fr omen ia so he maton oly and ely mane proton. Sis eel eaten covered (anda he mt inpran of eich ae dcuced mi spet A se of stig wpa een guasy ad elahity mare wel (esse cme ys iy aac roa rat pen sl syene econaeinApeni A21 Introduction Corral rity a ea cnt quae a quae, |S wio perermnce pete, uot aay tegen 8 ‘een seine acon Tey ee Sr lay, laa ‘edulis oc ikea comeing eed con tren eins gon sper an eres rnp ee Appa 1), Qualia regent stone dp lh ey nd Febiy ararncenangemen yen. Dept pr te Bl of pian (ere, dese ncaa ee ous Be eo et Sage The main cher of ec andar 1, Sundae of tran cpr cots, et proces leon {et qaleice ot empeentsai an pratctn ces ped ‘ape. 2 Bolton ogi an eithy maanzctmaapee es 5. Agee on tem nd eine Ingress fo qu sd ebitysmareemangeens of spent td cna se Te AZ soe 021 fe ADs well o AD 12226 ora compen Se teed Te Ae ced Fo 12 aly yee A22 Requirements in the Industrial Field “he S00 fay of san [A2) el esis wth wo wea eat nnd of arte msuces of compen, ent an ers. Tet ‘Biewcover ti devclopnen, pact itl sed seg 0 00) ‘be pn nda (190 he ra tase ae 5003) Stepeahet 1130 at een acne ch icon 190901 ‘6 130 9001-200 wt ter Bsa rcs ran SD 90) a on Four ain prs Masageneat Ress, Rese Manage, Poa (Sil Serves Reon ot Meaecn. Aqusysnaranclmnsgeet ‘Yoon mn cnet errant wih» pot wher cence. Ta dcop pst nang aren cs pon ‘liye at pce conc th Fetal uly Manages (TQ a ‘Nite se tne yer mit Beco eevee conse en mugen clang eran pling, enon agement (etn at gay col an coe cnr The otome el aol Ene aged sot af chy wl bo vere. Te 30 fo (es wh rat Sie of pct nd rvs ec oo ci Serius icky dec wi peaon pee drs orice n scope, chr), eke Appeni £23. ae ‘ow cops cn snr en cum A! erst ‘ego cong eon es party sve tay. ‘Dipolar, nce Lat, saab, ad cal supp eye tr ceed IEC sttndrd in frei EE 2 tote and ove for ital rego od TE na, 3, 07, ‘St ei for psi prceres(A2S) LEC 00 de WA dependably [poms (aang ta depos, and atone) Relay tea fora coat fale rate MIBF=1i) eco nT Maina pecs coin BC Tor ceo cine nd pets TEE i 932-1098 (42.6) ha be sud ge oa laliy pr or he deel! aed rosin "This dco nei ht for he se este pting ‘non an ce competi tra apr nant) a cabo Entiat pect scarey IE Sata Eapeog Sunde (A2 7) Regus pe! iy en in sal trata Sc, {seas e 60 Dste 99419 122 Raden ota Pt 23 ‘Te pn yy diy eng. pe | oe eee ees ee eens| Bian donanc seen on Rea eaee ctgn toke jess scom gegc t "Diag. Sata mess . E Ye tans tye ant am etn Svan ves asm sty sme ter Sia rna mn Seta laa) USA MLQNSt Oulton A), Sos Usk wipe Reems wn at 89 i USA Mc. usar rr See 8) i NAio ROARS ATOR fore tly CSc) 1) lamer se, Rn, Mama. Gain eine Ri Sota mga nsg Eran tn SM peel 8 099 it tune INS Ano uy a een a 2 Cade ty a 23. Requirements in the Aerospace, Defense, and Nuclear Fields pm ct el te cicero a ay ‘Tet ened int ewe nd cnet {A24, AZO]. ne vo fe ec i (3 a tr i by ering tal) ‘hc ei wl fy snd ap Arne Serer A23, "i Sto pl be os fle hematin carer (USA) they have aso been fen ed daring he st 30 yeas ‘meron pote pa M-tHand MLS, 78 88 ferent so ptm {ADS). ML Q9HS et 198) was ta pcos, msn, dno MEST NS 0 wee Fetal 96-19) MSTA 89 ares ei aby ‘ram Such a poo mt Ye tard dg 1 the empl of he Fusing sng selnialfeion of carpets nd ter, desgh tpn dgn me, ein reviews, FMEAMMAC, sd cepa (te pga 0 be ceenp fo acceance wit nae one ‘thao nes oie pyr, Melanin demosraon er Gyn sos ewe oft Dm and 1 moe). MIL STO (eis te eto of fy porn npc te na ol poeta (Baha yo fh charac mith ett ytd ae Fo to coat, GAP Regma wee ae ang 968. Tee epee ‘dal eentily 3th get sear (AOAP coespods f MIL. ‘cing ony fe ester). The store MIL STDs apy To Be ceepne. [rote peony snd car etl develop “Ende orn pt. "he mater field Tas a on sci nd wel eed stands wit) ‘lpn pcre ulate, quay cou id wey A3_ Definition and Reatization of Quality and Reliability Requirements 1m ening quality nd tity repro, mart nth, He phe est spect tie ome ss Hl eelpmes ad prado as nse ‘wen ting now tec) het br smn wh ae Pr compet Soe ert pay et the projereapecic mente for guy a ly swan ed arg ‘potter ie TOM ame Tabet 8 (gay ancy searnce ropa tbe eres int pre atte hpi ea whip ws Sg iy on Src progr forcmpereuipmet aed em wih igh wally end A31 Definition of Quality and Reliability Requirements 1 detcng quaniaive, poet pc uly and vl regreent ‘son hs epi oh pases for hice einai ‘hign tl peda a wl mor demonstration unmet ‘ea cn sl engi! inns tale depen Ts secon Salty P= HBP TTT vegas. "Tete gee MRP ITH Pe cease + cpt eqenen ain by,manty, naiy, 1 owe patel aro {ue fone pce earimmetcondons, a6 9 ena ain uy ay aes + exec iii gop en, py eecnany ape opal 1 eurenens Meee capresso, 1 ceo bseiecs Get) ‘yl ewes rsh fare rater =a ef cole elect seme: regen btecen 30 sad 5000100 at gra Oo ‘tran wi ay cle 40¢ 03,0 Tale At ese stair They See (Qed este an afthe ro ewee pert fie and ede tine fore em osc. Asai onan ee no ey ‘ran cy ponent nua fe ae hae an ‘apes ante f fae pr er OD est ey AMOR IOLA tO wo) <1 isn pod get for comple iment ese sion cs. “Tewntve target ae rfaed scaly by poring tongs maps sonar tai eon of pa ron ay tsa eco isin, oc eceticeeing(amensrae) ofa MED. the lig la ee ipere 1. Quoin einen: TD, = speci MIDE sr TBR =i "sem acepble MT Scion 12225067225. 2. Reqs ce isn pole. 3. Emremesl cenos eral neha ' sori mem | 3000-1] 19, [nemo | ~ a0 [aa] — ‘asec mccpe | |p| am as (eeetemee | se 9 181 Detain ya alt aims an Atos pose’ x conte ls (aa ‘Accepnce edios: came cerning ie Tan umber of owed fates ung 7 (Setons 71222 ad 722). Nur uc nde e/a a ofa). 5 Panmcay wichita an equ of eee Fash tlle le ens 10. Maken preteen he cree A Redan pon ep secede) fe MTT, long iy 2 Teste erie perce eta ep Se a) 4. Naber an out often be san ad as) 4 Alleaton af he pat tne (apes, ep, etn es, gia 5, Aecpmcecontoas(Sion?32) & Reinke et ea tts Arai esually flows indety from the elainslp PA = MIBF: (Gree vari. However fra epee et. cee on ons psa pcan sabe ed (Sesur112 713 a0 72. 432. Realization of Quality and Reliabilty Requirements For compere, inp ah guipe’ ed ye evel, ai and rai age se et be achieved ting wp dling» ly end Felabliy arwanceprojran. Is mca prox. poet ee ass od {te wechety Sache and suigned Table Al canbe wa tx cect {eden the come a ay drab sane pop fo compe Soipmest and pone, Kies inemet of Tate 12 an show a ob a Segment compny apie mp Tiong TQM. Denn ‘een eal) tod coupes, Tae AR? ito be See xed ‘he ak sgn, Rf pay repeat, Ce ocd ep (Coopers mel), and | for ifomaion cam beefed Wo rele he ‘umeys penal soa a 19 tt ee ey Rope 192 Rani ty aay Rag, a “re 2 Tak gly nai ae pl enon rh | aies32 cu) Tinton au wae pa pn ag PY —— Som g otc tnssretstcen | 1g! s| d + Sno ne Saas ec mieten ae i} j En ESS. Se ‘Samant. me bette Tao =o tis ——S ae canes ot Ss SrIri = fname ay eg epee (a3 mn et ny po a tae elele|n Peer Hepes fnmotrneseg nn la le le LR a {Soar oe ay ea meas CoCeee [xiecweeee SET ———aeeee a hi ; , at pete f rae Sete enone EE ie 2 Pmesnptanng opetiete ep ih Prete cH ay clale 78, Cama, med ant ener prone fay ond 7 = HEL cme Retna ] ao Pepe ret = Sree nope olole ETI a cence PPPEEEPE esos EEE om 19 ot adie Quy ed ati age A33. Elements of a Quality and Reliability Assurance Program “Tete len of uty adr mare pore 1 Pst oramiton, ping nt aes 2 Qustyandelay orem 5 Relist aie 4 Sectoral ution congested ees $. Googe mangement © Qatiyess 1 Quay at eping sem "Tee hea ae cn ih conf tae of uta lily usec program econ upon es. naan port A foray of qos pera chet for eign rns nd pends tht a ale AS2 he preparation of uy nd ey sane Fo Sold ete ens fhe uly and rbity manager Howe 8 Wei of vf oa wh » aly and ray programa forte {8 pratcton phe fr pots $7. Bath props mus be conclu, exec) Ifconsron nrg ap AAA Projet Organization, Planning, and Scheduling 2 cet decd pj open lig i eon fre etn ‘uly a iy ence gm, Oran sn pln ob iinet fetter. The nie pcon he as Sawant acne a sje ee Tefatoeng i pal oie te eels Sot aed i ene pret Catrtow chee Mat pal ur pe, pen) ‘onl ot ‘Opera! epi (ela, matin, ray, egies sare) Cay nd etait ure 199 Be yn ality ewe Pg ma Scalar ects pa, inecapne ) ‘Te fowig pope sa scone stare jet Manageme, Sm Exponent Ct, Qualys Helatiy Aste, Aen Di Price Gulia Tess Proloton, Asenby and Fi Tesi Project ‘cpr is, apne an miles aie tom he ‘pees, allowing the quien of he prs, nati ad cid ‘Some Tay cy ue on ot ABA2 Quality and Reliability Requirements “Tet impart p ning Gaya ely ge fr comple |ASAS_ Rellablty and Safety Analyses ea a oy sas ince are tsi are mode ni (PMEATRIECA A) mea cet nas nly ee pub ih ee wed fusca eb seed ucbs, wheal conponasst Icio pet eao oon pacino rapove ty a ‘ey lee, ssn. anny) elm comuraive ie, et Peculy adh so Dow what i ay a deft oe comin pra sh be nS ave ‘Which sere ul ed? How wee faci tema? How wo Oe cemeera: ee opening aston deine ‘Wich on re ral ee malas? To whch met ds ag? ‘Which ie of eon aes wl be ec? ‘When dog gs or nity, matty aly and soe ety wee? ow wit eet hat be deen eins ave ten one? Adley, ices 1 he elon sd quietin of component and ‘tea dig een, etd ening seg, bly ee ety ‘pring spar, nd abenencur scien be show The da ed a 19 i ad a ly ann coupe flr at caletin shoul ely vee our, tent ‘Rca sod ovement od guy an). AIS4. Section and Qualieation of Components, Materials find Marafactring Processes ‘Conger. teri, practi posses Bea al ingen he fot get sd ly shy mt be terre crf Sted and ‘att Quilifenion ease pen in Che 3 fr esr camponet a forasenbes or past races ene nay fr te ere (ioe he get a ei nec pga nl poi ler neato se ohm compenses tts an roves we sled nd geal. i Prete obey guston inal te anew 1 Dit i of prefered component and rari eit Hor wa i Cnderion (opersing coon ocean)? Hae seco as ee onsdred? Wil cite comporens be aetalan he meter lc oes {force qin pte nd waa ne? 2 Hogan came Wind cain cn 1 How wilebneeence poten be el? 5 Howe andar manor cess bn ie? & Howacespecol mamfecring pooses que? Special manjcing prone se wc uty cant est dy tie pees ve hig names th espe pec or ay be equiv ett nthe a way rey. A335 Configuration Management Confirsion mangement impr lo guy sane and TOM (ing eg Wits pe, raed ngion een, ‘thing, ool ao scmng " demefaron oov tom secre in i ocean. A poule ecinentiss online fx compe eyet a sjespren FE AN ‘nfuraon nin one sin Pein, fw sw scone green, ai ew ae ‘Secon ote) fects (mnie, esa, pra). E = « ‘alysis we criicaly examined wih he help of checks (Appendix A), The ‘ot inpren desgn revew ce debe nae AR. Poca ye ‘Rien of Bef prodcion ent FCACA) ano eel tke ae Der ‘even a cae by th poet manger an eae y the poet ely 1 Fae ene qi end say se, Seton caine. 1 rqreemies ee ecton nd mike {Senn ge cpr nal oman, 1 cameras pape Some sess efor ex ee. psp sha pees protec ‘Selina Tole 27 Tae 43 ‘Contin cour! de eae, rian, let ion stat pope chops et mas. Cloner oa ea ee {alae mdifenon a tiger sve te sem pee ‘Covfwation acess ht a aproved changes esos have bee ipod and teen Thi al fora Sef pre ‘Seeger mit be rand nara oe an een. pet Sing a eye per fs rot Campe nde ea eyele pes ene ser fee, at emg 2 13 io edi ay iy ag ‘cl ld fr example. Parl acai an ho et for pods ha eal wir rpc asf, rc a pad ay accent Seance aso (eee a ja) mbes | Smear | Sepeeenttee || Siasome | SestSon | See | | Seaham | [i 19) Be ay a Re Pp ” Retort congo mages th ty sd lily aerace og st we flowing esi ‘We docunets wb ocd whom whe an i cnt ‘Ae sicmen cosa in nei ty se ay wen? ‘sthetelee procete fr alc cmp sh guy een ‘oct pcoes chaps Cy def How sonar pat drown) es? wis cogs caning ed ag raat) ‘Wie tensa tee cab re A336 Qualty Tess aly tn ae neseacy w vey wheter He confor 0 api ‘a spe To pec de sen ae end {pay coal hey ose pommel Char 7- Quon es 44 How se scoming pectin gfe? Wah wich ot prove? ‘Wt pee forsee? (6 How pres gli? Wo Ma reid the ean pace 2. How are prterton t pevomet? Who has sled the leant frees? Who dio ea 1. How seven er serig dled fr serie rice ems? ‘Who hr eled ele rouse? Who dich eto? 9 We eee we pe canes Wi re 10. What te inarcon for tang, npn stg, pig? ‘Woes kd ele poeta? me 1 enn tn ony ey Rape [ASAT Quality Data Reporting Sytom, ‘Coe af the fl, oer to find hose actions rast sppeopeae for avoiding ‘pitino sae proton The aco sully a port en ‘Teeth atten een ges eon Phere uty ageing ye noo 2. lw ea sn wesw! What abe cds? 44 How ert ad eto of oy deb dani? 5. Momordica Ad Checklists for Design Reviews The folowing clog of quan an be ol eee procs chins {orden reius Tes AB et 10, AL 3) ang dg ad ‘eva compen md secs, ‘A4.L System Design Review 1, Woategvons exit with sarge and ses? 2 Wht the gat fo perme epi), relay, mati, ‘aii an sty? How te hy borne Wich son (Cored icin fool rds) nape?” 4 Wt nae set of tr pace pesmi, a ‘uiiaty wets he ey vel na underate? 4 ‘Waste the ria comets?” be expe (ase seine ee)” ve cnparve ater nen dn? Wht te to? ‘Aire poblens eal eines EMC) 9 beg ‘Atte pent ty protons ‘Ae eure rece? Do hey cern sit el? {sth aime cneep? Dope eroomic arene xt? ‘Ae pil eine egies? sept sane arf Ae rms mee? ‘teeta of iy cot ether pd wh ep ‘Srey aed ennai epee? ies aul sy Whee des competion Sad? Hs Me patie aa Cn ene aed et 15. Canpely probing dag ation amp ag? » mater ‘A42 Preliminary Design Reviews (Assenbly Level) 1. tte asembly ener emer ew deslpment aly ange! Ginereeg ements? [See atc Sapam ec selena? Faw seinen ton files? How eve ese euclad? Where do (evans exit Canin euiemenste ede ‘Neti pr sleme De oses hat whe pass? The cone and acer Gamande changed since the being of Sexson? 2) ectormunesParanters 1, How tne fe fie ae pers i fe ey ow we te fine of erfrmnceparmetrtveried aoumgtons ‘npr sina, ey? 4. ve wr ce eur ier compet? 4 Hive renee ptiens GMC) en wel? . Rinecreny pls sans bce ers ding ening? Fine reoyperbce ado tea ithe My ©) Enroumetl Contos ‘emg conn 2 Metra intron (EMC) Seen deuriaed (experiment o by Inet oles? Py Dp ev ney ed) si 4) Compontts and Mates 1. Wie compen rt) tera do ot per ie he efeed t ‘rb ea How wth pat ms ge? 2 Are coming ingests necemy? Form cmponri até miei? Howie wt hey bpm 2. Wiican iis een How A eg tedeneesontine? espe pee fxs pact? te es ae sod ‘ce err conpncat and mal? Have rogoenets or ely. ‘iy and say een et «6 Mechatoare penemsbeerpl? How witny tense! See Tile28 9 Matatiney 1 Satey 1, Hedin sein et een ben red? 2. Biota becouse nib gu oe aes el ate, stone? 4 Hare FMEAEMECA ton pcm? Hare al sing pit ues een 4, Hnatetou an poor? Wat were herent? 5 Wats tsa ped? a ey wiie| (6 Mnesl ooo ber eh in et eet? 1) Haman Factors Fenny 1. Hae peng sf maimernc ec en fied ith ep te 2. Hive etenmie ft beet tan in acca 2. Hemant ine en contre? 5 einig opering a ne cba Rone 1 Stndardaton 1. Have snd one (pt) anderen sed whee ie? 2 Hu pr exchanged en costed Gy Sad ona 5. Armbar antisite! 2D Congo 1. tte eh documesiion emt, dans) rope, ae 2 inallnare proses wt he btn sled? 3 Gan the webs! docmestaon te fer and costed ts fence ante rane be Je whe cngutoe tle? ow scampi opr an domed) re 1 Predcona Tntng 1. Which gulienion te a oreo fr the ray Hate hii, Imani, an sly sect tee sey es (Cnet be contned nh guano ig Oe seis oF 2 Hive all quo ten anaes egutngpeity,tetilty, ad ree? 2, Repertory Moy iid? Wat se 4 ‘Nesp taper psagngcrsoge tees be expec A43-_ Critical Design Review (Sytem Love 1) Tete Agets fewer? Has conformance ihre de beeches? 2 Ares pctene od pects Sac? Int ecm {eran evant iy oy tee ely Std? ed Dee pe et os 2 nt ia we a il pm nn ‘cnt nap 4 hist mpesene msn pl, wi coespong eal tn ‘enna ey fy 5: Have ctr matiy ter Sef? Whos were Sila? How pronto al ees ee? ey rine grb How? cen ota rg ce! be? eve ech ou res ns sey nace, ect? ts ee etme corse sto Hen How? Alot ect 1, Daten ls ommcrmeseec 1 Remmlnciy tc potaiy pred ia ew ‘roto evens? Capi pbn tne ees 1) ermal pet 1. Ihe wee dome ape 2 Haste enc dnumnton bee ch fr con? Mow? 4 Teeniqanes io nubeing ural? Bre eth ce of age? 5 Isha belig sprays? Dos iy posi sn ince 4 firs te itn ec? fay nee” “ 4 te redone tet dey’ it of a Ca ohio ‘marly potion beegeed™ AS Requirements for Quality Data Reporting Systems A gy dae rpraing stn ste alt, mle, ad ere Lice calf org ung pt ning fs Hemme wl = St ach een uty say at 1 St pin of ean PT ey ping ol ‘events or compte ned gant din epertng sta for compet Cee ed eae 2) Gener Regeraments 1. Uptnduces comple andy fede inertia mt be ‘he pinay sce tt mpi 2 Aigo owl ee Fee) nd mii mane inerenon ‘old tesa 2. cers sad rxponalie shoal be cary eed (ee levels Seong ese lect aie) 14, Tey Sl be en and ely eapabictnw ed 1) RequlematsRlert Date Cabecon 1. AIL dts cms defect sl atures (ean to ey, ality, ‘nals, an sly snr) Se eae he i of meget) ad fe warty pc 1 Repent es in 1 Clue ny ti sen fran ented and anewers he ‘penne wa wie, wn, wy ow + Sie epnte el 0.38) er ferment for cones eet [Esse loi oman sc) contd end [poconed wd sid ely sare om be ae poo te arm 15 cree Se ns Despina heptane, ft an orecine ‘on eran shld eee cea td a ie 4 Dancoenton saber owt toe ys a ie poring atone for snl lens wich an be ‘aie ictal ering on + fom aioe en lon ch pr ha (ft le) | cnr ay. lisse sts eb tied ws qo as psi or Gl 6) Reqlrements for Ana 1. Tse le fon for ec ese fare 1 byaactcevew bm inci ces 2 ‘aie and defo bs sid cong eer oe fe) (pat ate ne woo) ee) tie eae ion miseig esp rm) = Sept re ite ty pen. 3 hes ae pt reno change, erp) abe epee Regimens for Corrective Actons 1, yer cone pending unl ie ese come atn Bas ers comple an cri 2 The gut caatepn yen mut meno cove ste. 5. Peat nd epi pei Score aeons eid (ingle coe ee nal ove a i) 4, Themporiag neal ta bent ets comple conse sedan ad 15 apm Quy eRe Sp 36 0 Reqlements Related Data Proc, Pedbock a Senge 1. Ade oti em low dts amprsion an ingly ts procs. 4 Pb dente sn pera tc mb push 4 Arce fa pee evant aon al be ae fer orion 0 Reuirensnts Redo Compas with ter Software Pakage 1. Cnty with rm specie eran manga! a a cs 2, Daf we flowing ets pags bv sare Sern lay Satu 1 Gulp atnnpering etme try companies 1 Suds png re ge ene “ae ee fo mpeg» ait ta een pew sd ‘oven Sto 10 manga fr eden compen Coens ‘ero dna oe uty ca eperig Stem sole wi th ‘taut econ wont pleated sl ef by projet manger" Maer poblen (ets and ules) sol be Oss ly yt reer dey ogy enn ‘Suse man, wich con ake pe ic AG Basie Probability Theory anne be predict ety. ahogh the tome tapering ner iat conte Examine of ge te ung on fale ee apering Une fn system tepatea a et, frien, cern repulariis appear rpg te scene he ee emer Proebiliy her act pie wich ves tans eer mcs ears Tis asamp Owned pet oe sve experiment stew pty ery. Ta spt prin the lerodocon athe compte proba fr ance ag ost operi o evel rgeency ot osm la ng wes of tn. Toe come ‘ar of pati, soced 1933 by AN. Kaoguon (A610), trp fobaity dary smatenae! pe In aay ana py ‘ary awe te inverigaton ote pobaity tts gene ol opera fates ore stl para tne ner en codons ee clit Seat rey on he us sh eT sey ‘ev nthe ince fd sre eee omega Feneton of tne ans ba fsa proces (peed A) and thm is (penx AB). "Th ppd a campedion ‘obit ea eee fon x mara it oie fa il ‘Smeg gps nm AGA Field of Events [As loge by A, Koogory (A610 the material ul of a8 ‘pemen with anon cnet 9.) Ah tbe some sae, ‘ae evn ts re pabtiy feahenn ok $e coaig (02450 he experiment cmt oft sage tow of» le nd {2 [,=) thous ot fae oprg int om, The sent 2 we 1 Bai ty ay trl clement een pnt yo oil tne" (ocee of he eprint of "seid wih ae A ‘Sevan sce fe nto cowl «pay cat be aged o eer ‘ct fl sce he eet Se ei al ass fal etna oth I is sone, toe ae cvs. The cet [eit 5 tots nem ecto oh of whch «poy sn ‘joe sewing ten come Sach ell eel Bo eld (ra nar owing pers 1 Gicundonemet 5 2 WawaneomtotFtsconpene Hasan cameo Liked me Seno 7 connie ant A Ap 0a cemataty rem it 0 proper ttle tlhe my et lng 19. Fon fhe ete pope and De Morpeth ha he cout Inecscton 44 abo Best Inpiy ay he lene of YF scale ta) cnn Te tt pat operate ce ee od enters eee 1. The amin of fi ene sete A Ayo eens ta net hice far es oe he vee Sr il be dent fy AOU. oeby Ua, 2 The meron 0 fi cou gens Ay A. feet i ‘eat ach ocr if ech one te eets A py sn tl Be Geode An arb NA, 2 Thecomplonet eet A tet whlch ca and ony Ades a (ag Hindeoedty I, X=fo:weAlnM\A, AUA=ahand ADA-D: peu pets lt eprint: ‘oe ample ae isle cle ree a ithe inane ent Te rats Ate, me munaly care rv = bid torany fe). Toe ‘rat 4k hie ego te hey soo eer ete of bo orrineyer iar ete jeg, the flowing ve be may ‘ned tect 12 Comat ve 6.2 Concept of Probability ‘ewe that 10d sal of ae m= 100 wee kno aga oogenecs It of ppl eed ce ede (PCBS. oe aco For bo pons he sin PCB expen the eae reeny fe ‘Searecs feeat(PC ete Heiney appsing wo comer 0038 a he oda of een (CR keine. Ar cDorsbow, 88s emonateeimaion of i proba (cote bake tc capes trate ae) Rene eqns of he oceans ive opr ot I the unter fe ees 4) emer of oe epoch os Ine large of cu Ad allo ey 2m: juaee na 3, RB: Hees ae mn xl, A d= BA) tig) ab ROO Agl= AOD A Exper sows tf meson oo sn ec f(A) use fet am dt te oop (A) lo depend ca i ms of Walen, One chr ha expt ave cnr ht wi nrenng he Salmi comps tons fed vale pla), we Fi, ASI. Kee ‘ems ema og te insig vag) se probly Ao Se even ith fA) aan eta of alld intl mh ‘cain of pty woud ado pce ne xe af cota (00 ‘rma ee ‘Sine Kolmprs wok (A610), th pail PA} hasbeen eine a Po Me meer Ty ge Abt ie psy neni 1. Axiom e Fora Ag 8 AEG 2 Avon? BO\=1 2. nom’ Weve AA ae mally xi he ifjan Zr, ‘dion tect oowng tener kes gee 4 Aen Fran inten ef maa xlsvoonets, Bid Us Al RAD +B) 5 haan 3 Meas hg weir hy Ag =I fem te A =P ‘Shir Avon 3p he tai of Be ot orto PA. Seon Aum 3 coin property oe ttn ‘A wah eso be des fom he oper of FH), hich 0 eat ‘orance pay hoy” Tt oe med i te treatin of Prva oft vent ae if he relate puny of ccc of i ets ses of al pein pps ere with he aby ‘Sey Cateye names A 4 14 (A. Fe asm 3 fines tae Pugi=0, PunisPam it Aca, Pei =1-a, osmuaist 182 Come ei on Wea wodeing an expetinent wit random outcome By meses of te moby space (029, the ely en he detrnton f the [mebsbes Frid forever” Ae. The cu of expernet ce lhe Bene the stn! prota, ened are it orn he ele {equ Hm, th fowing mia can be ed fo esa al cy 1. Cail probate orm tba): 1 eae A Pale 2 Gemeri rotbily pts fom dtuton: 1 a sein epee Si obara eaves yn Pays Stat 63) Ieee ed ht he ee probably cna eee par of ‘be Eocldan pce hig se nea Exaile A md A ee Ee (ABD) aed AED). ‘pen sone vmerenantm Prone se {ny coe nt echt en a1 mia 20h of ayaa tsetse Wasa abyss - Asoier way to dering probaise et ela them frum tee otis wre now Th ees eigen te suo ‘ipcteard apcnofthe eof pray ery (Apert 868). ot ‘cele he reared bly ofr yom canbe cued he aie ‘Stineccmutr site pues stnctre However ee feo ae ‘Eecrmiing pmol the hs of ive Regence wi tad sense mets (pees AST 8 A 63 Conditional Probability, Independence he concept of somo! probaly Is of peat importance Sn practic! tppstion es odie sc at ermine A hs eed foes eed nine pote an ene y Pr 8) Er enple AB, en PqB[AD= 1 ncn gener flere rm ch ‘gal ection potty PR, "Te coment onions rosa TPIB|A of even nicotine hxc ts ter ge propete lave Fens. Lat be etal abe ef a repens and it (md MAB} the ero sens of {Se Ar reese wih nA) 50 meme Wien contig ny he 8) a nih A cus en Boa ae Wa nay whe ‘ee ogee sl ve, Le AB) is Therene fe) cn he was whe non areca rene ann manne juan nT [eton (AGA) lene te flowing dfn of he condo prbabiy [RIB|Al semevet under coon A mang Bn as cere puna marl POM, main, os om (A6) tons nt PA A= AIP A= PAA 50) Ving 8g (AG, baie PBA wtb edo Be ee 3 Ci ey npc Pm sain of whic aie Ars 1103 f Appr AS2 bly wh TRiA|A}=U. The sfrmaon “een A has eee” ts lets Rem aly sae [4.7m somo vee of eee AB, Sie Be and Pally” (P| sl se Earp es. seme date Ad indy if enema ‘vent Aaa es manatee patel fe erence oe miei Pal ala wan, orever be considering (A), ted, ih any a A Bicencd whee Ira Ow teed Tu hts sad een Maodoay it Pra ales as “The eves fee Ay ely npn ech Ose FB) 0, B.A) apie Prcom= Fala] 4) = PHA eens Emenee hae el hb si et a=. © Nein apni hen cnet f(A) ede the malian here deg) =P IP AAA PUA PAD (RIB) He, PU -F}2 0 aud An nora spel ees when eevee Ay Aya ly dpe ni ee (NES) le POA ta) l= [or ‘AG4A Addition Theorem for Arbitrary Events “Te prota of cco of at om of be pny ove) vee Aegon PAU = al ema asin) ‘To oe te dre comer Am 3 (APNE. AG2) lhe pasoig of eens AB and Bo minal eacseeven (AU B= ACE and Bean mudae. Me 6 nae bi Tay ‘eet iy tym 2 ei ny he ES a elec Ip bm item od “Te lion aroma be preston way ves, Fa n= 3 oe is PUUBUG “PAULO! Pra tepuc—PtAM BLO) Chiabe etn -eBAc) PAAR) PMN mAA Reve) asi) tage FA Ay cm be i ye le inceonecain cass Dray sto, haan be shown dt SFU W.VA SS, $25) Sy. $£5,-5; 45) 0 ‘Ath ayer sin oot cetyl! boas 6 ‘Bsn ince, a ed procnnon fr $f ea fo en =e 5, ‘Fore fre sino ene Feces aro S35," AE ‘es tows fo Sere DID Sa MEST) CS Br AAI Ay AGA. Theorem of Total Probability Let AA bematally ecasve eves (AVA) =O foe all £4) Us tnd AsO, t=2 Roem ary eet Be as Bade Bai UALJm(BrAIUCRA MIU wre the ves ‘we ho mtaly ceive, Uae Asem and. (X88) (ah Fea A)«EAIPIBI AL (sit) gun (A7 exranen hore rar of a prea, N84 nm nig “0 ‘Erect fo i (yA yn ei 8, 6 SPE Te rk ane ir al Piya one eioeiceat Fock asta, Eaton (ASAT) and (6) ea Baer orem, wi lows eb Ihe a pane prot DAB), ke. os fen of «pir ‘protaines AN Piagoal_ Pisa A Prat” SANE AL ma |: asin) Pum Ak soma? Esra om ae ET AGS Random Variables, Distribution Functions teeta an xpress ace i ear, ne “sing uty sea rand are. F sana be ome peg ‘ee wowing ae ann eae ing aes in ‘Rano ‘arle we espn ew ret eter, ee The wie (FP Invoocdie Apps AS2 become (XB. Phe = (m=) a8 Be smallest event felt contig ail (em) tervals (wit 20 bln en {jmp of gh Pris) tiple fm ave det "sie" Appertt A62) at Fico frm eget Asn 3 TR) co haves meat une mu fume The ota at ie ‘indo vie ahs on alu wita tenia oT ent lets t)=R)-He. (as20) ‘Tf owing ae of endo vate af psi reatient). sh Ze asa dst andom vail be essed ae Viwett 4 ‘Te chunatin eoton Fi) fede sn ce 6 ton esgic fy onde at fan Bin Zpp fe Sten sax) Ant the ae 1 cca a Bi. (N82) ad (A622), £8 conan (£21). Aces Cc tone ep suo abe ich teste ue C wat oy I. The atone f= Ck {to imite Ro SELES (lore ngs 7 etre hn soso Ea hocnecasecaney Ax eciyingran cof crete ron vaio eh faite ‘indore Toe ao abl © tnt can te ee marth bes Peace, 2 onto em yr: he anova) otis a asa ninemirs= finde 02s ced rity) deat of he do rile ¢ a sss joo Tee drt aon) anh ey) ae etd most ee) wera to. wea ee Fe N62 arene sed stn fact xing jmp tn coins Ec cone ine apoio, Tox trbton scan generally beveprned # tint (eeghed wn) of de aa cones Sb anton (a3. Tacit ery ene ere peg te connie sna randori 120 so P= 20. tn + 4 poi nding Le #20 aad RO)=0__ The ayaa ee fin) oe pte poy at ‘enw ope fa ee nba Ru) == 1-H. 0825) ‘The fare rate) of tem etn a commu alae operating sie ded dn -pgbnessot leon ewe ante nti nny ‘Conptsioa eet By. (A853 an AG) spctin LEUSESIOBOEDA gy 1 PCE) O-Eg rin ERR Peon tym) dR x, 0) ann RH RD simp sigh woe flere MP a dey i). oan ‘em with alte operaing tie the ane 0) for al ee ‘cual roa fri 18), Os te dt ty doe asm eras Tempene eee mt2) 6s Ra Vai mi an asi {pe eer mal Be he contin! roby hat te em wil Be teal en a has on Hom (AZT) ws ete a) jee Purdenne® 838) -fune pune Plcesinet nel "Rie te>rto| > soh ME ne (as, >| > RE ¢ mpnan cnn a th igh of tm ca be eo he stage free Nf). Atng MI) anderen flo ow Pae>stulzoale Pee etsl eo 13530) For an tm with icesing fre a, egy (ABO) shows hatte prciiy of song fer yore Saree at 9 fc tes eis tom ape Tepe ls forse nh stein ar Mosinee ate oon ft mee fr RO orem ls m)shien see et “wot pert hy ny 1, Fac of on erie Is) monn incon ance tnd cones nr ble mh eon nF) en he ‘don arle =u) hse bt eon Fi) Pr =o) seers Hn) =e. 6s ner 4° te een of came AKT. Aw) Sb, uhh me kar te ae) 2 assy aw) font 9539) as 8 bac ey 1 is soma creaig anon. soe vale ms De wed feeds ae 2, Mae of iran: de ition acon ap Ro=PhO+d-mRO 839 fate mice of FoF) wi mesh 9 and =p Cs 7.16. Next ae plier mere tue? ita cons er es 3 " “Ten rope of dtd ncaa iy hay we Secs recat pen ASI, Aedes AATandAGAcan Bonnet Potvin 00 + i. A6.6 Numerical Parameters of Random Variables Fe aough charsization of rand asleep ae sch te ‘aps vie (ea) arian, a mesos De aT ston es ‘segues ‘A661 Expected Value (Mean) st ih pros te epee alu ormea Bs teby BiI= Sn os) reid he eri converge sskaly oly aks he ae tgs th 8 nce as clase cnet adam ime ey Be fae vy hte ene (neh lg) este i i ced Hh ast ‘sno, ln ames (AGH), eae snd Sveti pce oe pe By ASSO Fre Styne not et ae qty Hs Bye eumeonfe cman Chtecomimct ie Hes atc hy pe by rte Frc 9639) Bie foto sean sc tran ae era f-rion= fra ass) gs ewe A al 6 neFane notin as Fdenme. : canine taetinpsin sores — ee . a ee — et tc ti as om Soe memes | auranaten | sa | “ware Popes | Era eeepc he oft adom eae =) Smi=Eunin — —Binl= toa (6639) el, ried he rd ing uve sony, Ts para ero (9 1 eee Bc Foor = cei (asso) 2 a) wile 8 men it~ Ftene, aot assy ater ied propecia en by Bg (AS ad (AE A662. Varlance “Te vr ofr vaile xe e red (pes fe ‘eden vssrund on Vee defn Yate B= E1) ser) sin vecongaed at Yateley sss) asa) asas) 1B) or Va i nfii, ado ave ie vrs, Foe ty amine Ca, (AAS) a ASAD) Yl vatce= Ale vate) 0a) 86 Nal Pani sn Ve a vatcieo o- Wail ss ro) “ag Ine cof of alsin of. Then vale cetewe cme and sac ands ud adoro ‘oul cen Oe arora ese of dpesons rey he (hte eal wh sts (Eeanle ASI) eey > 0 rge-tinjze)s YH os “The Cheyer ney mr cle pov ones o 0 ‘Mocnimton cb tpn pope fees eB Srvmacnsr mest ‘Post eer gy cate ti Be A Fevcm i ey, ei ei CB ayy mile-nabas anes f 8 ibe Paks “TEM ‘eseatnf he exaneat By (ASA) a (ASA) ets he core sie-aane fe-rayiog, 151 as ‘A663 Modal Value, Quant, Median In soe ote mone daca in Apne ASG ASE, eed mace ie mani, the base of © mall Fe) eb 2 Tho g que inthe ate ty for which FO) renies the vane 4, Ig ithFn gh genoa. Reg fra onions ro ae A6.7 Multidimensional Random Variables, Conditional Distributions Muimaniona random arabes (odom wet) ae oe cei ‘aby od vay iesipions of reaslesysees, He,e eacome ‘Sarena en clonrat ofthe marco space "The pty ‘cell Pima i pends A eames (RB Thre et ‘en cet el wich cone alr y= Whenntaet claohLsnh vel. Rando ecor we dented by Creat Jeter wih at aoe F Gy vba) Me pels isi=P¢ ea), Ae dnc doen o'2. The owsoe ior PAE St tet ass) State Stl S19. SI ise dion tio random er. yo + monly somes ah arb, 1 toes) at etone ite gosto, + cette ial les go ‘ 1 tos fa opt eh wri, + cht ipa Peg Syn yy] com alow oe Bs nth ea fhe (n= yi or eample Ww Pig tay <2 ‘ayy =F) “Fd Mah) me wa) ea be stove at vey comport 5 of 2=(6.n 4) 8 vate ‘idiot marge! atone Rae MU SAR tim) as Me components Sh. 9 F led chal) depend ay tamer Flo Flaw ss) sn be sown ht (NS) gua fimiese an ‘The nd vest se) bey) comes if «Senin fiji) 20 8808 heat de ft ssn fy te dy of a ie ne conon Fer santnnas Ren sb 468% fotos at Pace t@h& Alf flesh oy 0839) ‘Th esi of minal deny, can be i fe ie) 88 fa) Jon Feta 856 “Taecomponet 5 coins ao veo ae (hy) aspen ae ay eR ed Fo wasn ors tmo desc onion adn estos ¥=(6 6) aon “ 6 bac oti Ty salt css ‘ade candinl dey of tp ver he cain y= and wih (4) 0 Samy id= ta) oo By fr Bee. Ferrel eof hen at f= Fits Fie a oss ‘Ta ray Ae tere Al= fenddn = Fawn, (ase) tapes w=Miesn= fetem=[ Froatalmmen — sen A6.8 Numerical Parameters of Random Vectors ta FC) beard ec, weal a 8, Te ‘Specie at oman fda abe (2) the 8 Baan 0 es ete] femme fore cotince ce [AB7, AS), stg hte ses dhe ea conver. Tee condonal pected sae of gen 5,7 flim comin er 63) (ARS a sion fata see an Jems miind 900s) on (6) awn om ofl expen ni oy psa apatons AGS. Covariance Matric, Correlation Coefficient paving fe T= (ont) hat Varco, a inant ath Cicpateni of anon tect cnorane ui ag ae = Cov] =~ Ky = TD seperate cena y Se ee ee 9666) Seprdery bw eompones C08) y=) FO inepenn 5 Faw neal nd Yost (yt ua Sots, wm oN I=12. SoD es ete creatine th dr vie a, pve 0 [ot Terman popes ft cot ein ae 5 bots 2 fy yw niente 90. 2 patton ad y mel depend, sa 1 nacre Many ‘AGB2_ Further Properties of Expected Value and Variance La ote Be aria nm ate (mses fad ver 2) ving ine vrs a Gy Geol Foe (ASA) (A) (Gay toons at FIG + Bday ees) AF ands dependent rind vibe en, em (A668 f= tL seo, ‘Te tne a of pene endo varie $89 band frame AB) er (A) and me Wak ghe Varih ath asm) rye aa : Varey ttle Var Vato ico) a6 A639 Distribution of the Sum of Independent Positive Random Variables and of Ty Tas aaniynd ea Obindy x40) a aint seemtyent| amQe sing ota asm) “Peseta te et yy Nom ts nd ty be two independ pone cnet ade ahi wih etn cies Fl) and deter 0), fy) epectely Go Oy eg 65h We we A a at ean No 88 ASX. er sks toonmustedatuaet nen (6828) fornia amy syoreficone-ne. 1ar0 Te exeson woo independent eto nd varies nd ty fad freeones Bye Jateine—nde ant myer Jaca nde “The phat de of (A878) presen cmon of doe 2) ened by Jocie-néceninenes 679 “eat nto open. yn ep fe ge rn Wo=hota 9976 eet ato bw mbt tin cnn a ts i San ‘ei ner mmc Pa A) Sere Shaloh um eb sa Na ny Ty Ro onmen nets [nae ; =[Geaniaee-fre aioe 5 AS 70hwid R. ‘marae 5 Ce ‘Su of on random vais ie sein aly hay whe vei ‘adeno pate comosr dom ails. fownae f= HO eh (asm ‘Mapomer hey AANN Monster hatocsegeeae on Ras Pin >h-Pi 1 a AS} a at Ryne feta Ayden Msi ds, 0 gst etait ar cent ie eae Unlined a (thing bon fens foray ates the mii “iy ati gy es af sede ae aaet ‘Sr Or tea ee opeaig tne fe 9 pall oat rem rere) rey ate denier pone den vals wih cuban incom RS eyo en Pian =P >8 =f 670) . Ht Pitan SAPs ste. $01 TTR (1520) ne td a ear ald Ea Ee Ryne ny san) ie (the ale ae ated oF) 2B (A678) (A628 ‘A610 Distribution Functions used in Reliability Analyses ‘A601. Exponential Distribution camo rosie ac aie rata one int Fosi-e™ 120, 130 (assy) ‘Th iy ion m=e% 120, 20 asim) sn he fire ate (N62) 09 dyer asa) ‘The mean nthe various canbe ober Ea (NS an GA) at at asso) vain (asa) ‘he Laplace anor ) asting 0 Table 9, foe ass) amend Frm ASA Ace fo Psat rion eo oea ws sere Ty Fre exponen icon he lane mt conson inendepeden sn eu to Ths importa pop) fa chraterioe the exon ‘iat nd cs at pee nth yer oman ton heal ‘Sepaeseclo tecas of be loving popes 1. Moon property: Aasning tt he tae opering tine 1 reomsuntandeqel oie. This a conseoeace of Ey (A6-29) = ss 2, Comma frre ttm ee: Wap with end i (be eects Ey yt te itoring tne yy a ee Tt mesg 0 Ey (ARTS hen are an onto (eden ada the sum fe ue ns os ees Irs 136| sel Rae "tel emote at ie xenon hy = hy astro eer dl wi nepedeat sey snd lo emis ee ine een fate tes 3 (00 Bas (AS 308218). A6.102 Weibull Distribution "ee inion ie rei te ex RnsieO® cea Apso. ss) edt gen by rare, 20, Apso, 890) ‘0 he fire (A627) by y= pao sso 1. te sae prone) dpe on ot an B shape paneer leh epoca bse For >the aoe ie) tees ‘nso wh 200) Syejee, Far Bes) decease ‘encom nd Hm) 0. Te mean nthe varance ee o (ason) ny BR as soy ron feena 3836 i he cmp gamma fsstion (pendix AB). The cet vin Fete nso ee poeain ipa. Fron th ede of ‘Wabal dthason toms ped with cesig BAe snc expen Iota raf be Wel arson fc et Fora syste wit redoihny (verier model) woo sents have lndpene aes oprting tines yy dae sung (S89) ce aay none Raine OO ae OP, winn'=AF. Ths, fee pecing tte fhe ye» Weal ‘Sento wid punter od “The Wein ston ih 81 often csi pt baton cf thf oping tines of soem hae sb tere doef ply, el repent), Hs asec by ¥ Waa to wi eno ain iA. ‘Sein forth san om (na decent en vais wn seein ci Webi St AT A (a8) Fyete ten oy, Apo. 0656) re ‘Scans (eemietyyors Wate publ an op fn ep oe ui yf nna ny) 0 fF) ee rt Web ‘Leta tn pen ty nb pecs it artnet yA eter wo eon a) Movoc te tng ong Fy any a eg mee maui wh my Obie on tami svt "O8 ecw Fe Md Pw EVA eeu w ad Vath I SH ate Ae ‘A6.10.3 Gamma Distribution, Erlanglan Distribution, and 73 Distribution Tater, 20, BAT) Rosmicsae tl te compe Gams acon ei by (A494). Te igh nie of FE (4697 ie cap Gorn ton wh eg he appends AB ‘Tea te Cat ata pen oP Tr ne fare rate ce fom 3) = 4) ALF). constant ie inten for Bl monconcaly crewing fot Bet and monoenely ‘rng fc P>. Hove ena oe Weal edton 3) a8 ometgr to) fr fry Tl A ora rape A Gana se Sih let mas wins dee pret Weal bon (AS.8)can be ‘eats sane peat 12 ‘he meron he vara of be Gaza tuna gen by “ 20, ps0 cassn) wal so» vara 8 109 ace 6: ‘Tse Laplace vane Tse A.) he Ga denon esi we 100) rm gy (AG 10) at (N76) flows at he sf 99 inn (Game bn amis wih ome, ya, Bh Ca ‘Shetaion wh pennies ame ns 2 Sn in ran ete eng ie ore pret SSathwiaenee etc aes Ror ssy thnGane corn oo ph spn Foe i222, te Gana dain given by Ea (AST ens an ‘tng ratio wih pene ed Tagine xc (ABT) ‘ed conpanntbe apace er heer ben ke) ‘hao te rng dsr fo 9), eas ote flowing cocina 1+ 1 Bang sre wh pratt a cones them fm independent pny bed anon rae Wi ‘Tes dathson son FY) fhe Eragon rion bain by paral linet of be iit tod ie og (AGS, eth Bn Ths ea FOO sa. ase, cxsion, Wes Noi/2 we B92, v=, ent Game din en by 54 (97 hie arin in wv eet ee ‘Tecenoyeog neo tes eset fhe our nen Venous Bey Rover 5a rosmidenel feta, 20, vena. (aston Frey? Fre (ASI. ABD nN) to ot Betottd sion as 8 2 ton wit ya2e dees of feadom. Ei akeae (edged, normaly dated rom ates wt sn an ane Hew 1 deinaed with degre of femdom. Te shove cms show he ‘Sporance ofthe x dart In matali, Te dane ‘Fak dw comput te Poison rion" CEQA 102) wi new? ad Adore asb6 nh kev d= L ant masses A930 x 1 bse Tey ‘AG.104 Normal Distribution _Acomeony dation incon ja hry pat the nal de eat Towed le a cyees 020. (A815) tongige Pe meaner a (as) ‘he le ee foe 0)= RAL). The mean marine ze een a) vate: ss) nr nmi depen eon te src. The es dr Seely coe ‘equate 9.) 1 0997 fore ner 30 tony any xd ao ihe et aes fo tiptoe, Fi ory Sad wit pena md he =) ‘ecmaly died wih pneu O an, wich he standard normal ‘Seino en pee 2 sab fete 610) Me yond me nbn my ete an ee pnt mS moo a pee hen Ni may ‘Ecce wt peat my ty and of Fok sample A616) Ths le Gan be pened he sos need oral iuted redo ‘isle curaich concord Jepsen moral cba aon Yeibio eu ASO. ‘0 ea ao A m aa ts ‘on pny tt nes 2 af Beem 9s eonng te A620 ioe ee, emcee tome ang ances (omen! walt Ses i pte mie ate ac ® ‘The nora stbaton fle ccs in peo apices cme te ae ‘oe enc af term of ge nmter of itil indent ren “antes cameo «oral dstbton ane elaely geal cao (cet tere, Ey (AS48) ‘56.108 Lognormal Distrtbution ‘open esol Seed Ele AIT er ognomal ston, Fae=@moIa 120, hes asso) m tac ey hy Te deny oe forge = 20, hove ann) ae fate rate clei fom api The mer an he ane fe oe w= (su (ONL, a8 Tae AB. oan vate: sus) openly Te deny of te logon bain ns te ingot ge) Shri ply na be oi acter ay os mania and on Geran elnely ly (ig. 42) The topo dsb tion ‘rte sta omen npr ame Seton £1). as ened dtd lly ing Ser 1) el nce ew ge ste ‘t exicelytadopendnt redo ales ae combed toga fe mile aon ae for =, fr be tom ditt) a we wongige eae inom, Timed eed te roomate wi)=2 Nem den pnea on M-Net Ryn an 2-8; ena en We ee Ses Cam an 81 ne al (1+ Fh eM at ain, tne pil a Fw ote et nen ay se om ‘86.106 Uniform Distribotion Ateneo cms ttt a eter ee Posmirsia|E2 tactsh asi The deny ten endy tmgh te asese “The frm distin ia pacar cne ofthe Esmee prota Inmoced by Hq (A63), but Ala R2, Beas te propery esol a td of Exanpe AG. norm diiaon el (CI) ye aimee en cion pte, ‘AG.10.7 Binomial Distribution or li which he ny onenne r e evet A a i ‘copia Ti uso an beeper ao eet ei anf} fase suis {ican Meal aoe If Pe ot B= O)=1-p, sn) Hg). wan Vet) EG) -281= pp? =~}. wane Ate ue inept Reo vee os seth he sae protbilty =p, 121.4 ced a Bernal made eeu of rma at. Te omens 835 te fr rp to of te rpested sting ft cmp ian leo oe 8 wh (tive components (p= 1M) 108 th cmpnet et he at ‘rtesog Ge wirocrn Te to ase m 48 bt ety Sore, ‘ass ie ie oe ning Rel ak Ten en PePmene({ ram betom Oepet (asi20) io 0 ete in ions tine nk varie aig on vee al wih pba py "Fo owe Ba (6120, canner ue AUPE APB = BIB OO) Ise by of hve cain te Bl nd tein st felowing as (8.8, welnepeien terre inal ee ake) (Ga As ty mentede bg 3 = amet A pen ct ed 9 rt 38h es fo ie SE ty ocho atte ona sci», (ita nae or esc ie Cee) ranma dfn By (A619) at Pe sH (asim VatGlenpa-p) asi A610 Df Pin tiny os ge ot. Me an 4 CAI a RUSE lee Benmsendfe) For lge th ona iba converge th al ston (A60).Thecomerence gn mining!) Fra vane a >. the Foss sppresimaon i (AS179) can bee Caron a {esa canbe es pon Slaton etneen he sl he eo te rier aan Aen R). Geers of (ASI the cs Whee oa A yy an oar ih pS ys a very Ha ede te mln ‘ri mia oes ins, Anh t= Ahan, wai i oth ema pt ‘46.1038 Poisson Distribution “hewitt anes re Chara Poon dco f Behe mee sin) Bethe m0 sin, m6 M6 Bae Tey “Temeonand te varie 5 asim gem vigiem. asi) ornsd fare fe operat, nF (ABTES) wih m= Dt Bee oy fs es etn mel (oe 9) “he Poston aban ln std an apronarioncf the oul onvepence, allo Pason apron, et m= Bg (A613) ten ye om wi rf sad mp <=) fiw a tne (asi) (asin) ‘Thee tnd side of (A630 spel af ec spur dion Eq (AGI wh v/2 eet and =2m). Abe fe cise dtbcon ‘ened emma aon fe Pon on Tle 482) rine oss 29, Varig) = ie a 18 lee cin ey es m7 ‘56.109 Geometre Distribution at §.5,.— be soeon of ntependet Rem ities eta foc thera occurrence the eve Aas germeric rbaon given by 7 eMGeNe ptr ket oxpeh asian ution (AS) ftw fom te ive of er (ass) rae 8, a, 8,00 8,208) =H= 0-0 ‘Tae geome dbo he only arte ition wish exhib the nema prope, soc be apna inte he conto cae Tete rom Pg th = PNG Oneal an aed mice eesl gon sa nF Th aerate (N31) i ined ve by si) sn) Eee acrnmtreen sn vette asus) He Beal al cao ott esa ters A, hen By, (RSIS) roe aio econo he manera nts Breen ce ‘eurnce ofthe eve A andr corn: Tor nape, Weak 2 ‘Spc ner se ne gil ewe, ‘tes te gece cme thy = ap, lndisewe =~ p/p od Vel=C-P he ™ 8 Bae ty ey ‘46.10.10 Hypergeometric Distrbation “Ts opera arbi dss motel of random sample hot replacment Fer exami, i owe tht oe we esl Kee rye na i fae te he pay ng ene compen inure emerson (cs) memgenehe) ea ances sw 0 Aan A619 hr in Se tt Savi p= NF no ia ay 108 nie petoon Geren (6im9 agent, su vg 200m, ssi ob AG.L1 Limit Theorems Limi sore a geting rts pions cas hy a ‘sed id sproinn ith be bp of kw abled bts, TO (portation i nh wo re maar nd ca in or Tie of no vie oo ton 2601 ene a» ‘he coin hy ny he a ne age. Te AGLLL Law of Large Numbers “wo sos od with ew ole ante ae cavergec proba merece wit pablo. La bt be ant een feos yc [7 Cy cmere prada trary #20 plea Shoai-0 sis) etd Gomer wit rai omit Pin. ssn ‘Areguvae cosine (A618 Ephrgp[eh>et=0. sna forty €>0, "Thi ese teense hoe (AG and te stone ‘oats gen by (ASIA ‘et ot tow coer a fie spencer ls (6119) {aei8) ou (130), wi pvr p= ant et She ue ay a6) “Tequila fg ec finn indepen Pa The wo i of are umborsstatfoeery ©, inral-rieaeo sy sen enn sg hide ‘Simla er tune of mepnde etl arated ets vale Saves nem Hele sagvasee Vatgioo! co (lat) Jase asus) aril Acctiag to £4 (AG 14) th agence Sl comers probably to PIBUAL Motors, mooring te By (AGIOS) te aritmeic meat 0 1 ba enna hy (testein fm independent buen fe anon rine (ih ‘te vnc) comerges im proaby w Be. Thre = Sm and Gniytnti)n acon rime ef p=) alo Ee ety (pint AE tod A823 Equa (AS165 n tst seeere of Caer cgay. Ae eet ha he weak ew of ge ber tien by tong lawfirm, & ein Accing 0B (M46, eae ey Syn come wi prebiliy ne (05) to pmPViAl Sit fora equcneof denen esl ‘Ecce randoms vale ty. wih eas] and ae Vaigleo ee (oh eek mit, LBs. Hh=1- PS) SE Mtg toot Sgn SIMI R eh oe en (A faa at isipen) =P -PMh'SR— FOF care nhs lore engce we reo vi BoT= Fah) Fyn lOl=E A= HO. ans) “Te ft Hetil ya (A.15) 8 eel ton. oeto HO) = 0. oebar O)= 0, Tweasbtn ons Ftv ates (og AE) HOH sad =| dt-adte no an) sn eh somali 0) i 0) Caine okra ‘he ninemsn AF) s+ 3 finn] Stent ann 0.5, (ATE sy Sun oon le he renal dey. Using te ero emul (A), Ba. (AT.7 cn Ye ren nt foe 1m) =F,i0+f Mam ~ nee ns9) Buon (A719) one eguton The comerponding eis fo he y= t4ere faces wm "eanestw th By (A720) hs exaly ean we Lipa om Fe end irgien ype 97) feoy= wna To) erin eee rca io i) “oan iy ecw pce is complet rman yh nel deny Ni) reewal nton HIpur,cm bet 6 GORD a fen aaa ‘aon= Han 2fne— ane? wary is et ica owe aH)» EW wd Va eB a, ‘Then ety Hh long tran ening acto engin #40)“ F) float Igbroves-wornco end for 0, acetate tein +8) =O “his apc fe eal ey in pact apn. Frm "HRA fw he eel deny) fer aly me aoe re My eae ig 2) ney drwen ciealrerne Heh ower rt Foam proces Fs) Fs) a at) 80 see ape A725 a nmenitties oom ‘ 8 Sn my 5 eh Ob nk 3A RU oe neji ag, iA e102 Bo, YB ma (9) (FO anomie. ‘Relapse ia i hee ena EAD) @ fehnnaseay fo hamhnn en, neem tet 722 lg cent ie 8 Sine eg oeenye Braga OPA evn pe eG tusrP 5 —— sore Baits Steatf BA mtn Pet nom nay ay nn Fig 42 ‘ecient i eB or mop bam Secadiyaruncincnty sa, Fy indoor bacco SEER i ec mage eh {Spoor rnc feriimtQh name 71 () wv nd oy a ae Sect neoansane baru sent A722. Recurrence Times conse nowt ston acon ofthe rnd caren eT) Ao tie twverd cence tine ts) Atsbw ni AT) ad ye ‘ie inva om amoral pa an icv whet neal po or the eo) reper I {ows fom Fig A. teen > os Wi on a owing ‘ely clue ven esis Antsnntyores-g), nett Cv, BUA =1= f+). The eee Ay mean ta excl eel fina have xed before an (reel pwc herF ese 5 td ry pede att PAS =H=PHtseres-ak ath 2w s,m eee ft pti (81) r++ fRONI-Po+ em Pate) ete fomand earn (os ba he eg slater) sont -Re +a yy an) “Te dbtn ston fe aca re tne) ban persincapel ROOKIE HSE ray Soe Pi) >= 1 FA), be Sto eine af 9) maken amp of ‘agi 1-Eye) ae pan A123 Asymptotic Behavior Apical pss ery ofa Hecate proce) lmao be te telat fe proces fr 1>' The allow ems ek in Mean B15 1, Bory Rena hsv N88 ot I, AI: be cnn (429% (aye ais ee we Ho) =I nan) For Var ith at ieee wi oa, 12 2. There Bement Renus Theorem (63, AT A724, icons (R19) 711 we fe glen mtd =m 21 en we 1 Ba St Ty 4. Ke Rene Theorem XT, A724 fh cts (428 294711) ‘filo, 12) bende, nego Rion vet (Geer (0) ad Ma neva ee Mop mtease Me lo tharwin, c's hen 879 (oh A) 4 nwa Dnsty Deore {AT KIMI), APIA econo (APSHA) {ive 0) nd Re) gous sos Vafejens 2 en iano ann, 5, Reece Tne Lin Thorn: Asin Us) =1~ Fes 2) Bg (A228) nomen Fe) ta wel at = freer, Ea X25 Inptoinssirgigf-naranegrafa-aoe. 3) ft ey errs 9 cine ewe auc ek SOC E evt Ae honey aT on “Tere of By (AT) mpertn expn e wong fine pares [etlcol-sre oo ttn 2d ee Gelatin fo =F )-t-«™ aman pepry oP ssn. Sty, fe back cece oe ows a L jocnnw ot iuole + et sioaous teria eat) nd tbl ote same (Conan Pore for Reena Proce (63, A724 te ens (a) a AT hae band oP = Vase 123 marital ah fo? a ear i : geins(A727) 19 (A739) st he eel ce i ry i A724. Stationary Renewal Processes ‘re of Agent A723 lw any men rcs te tnd a Arnel proces i ana in ent) for all 120 the ‘ort etn of) 4725) oc nt pendent Wisin lor tt ck ten a nly oct i pc eicahip ‘crn he aon sor FQ) ad FL) en by BQ (AT GI) Aang Feb J--|-Fondy, w38) Buca Hein, i) Fetes ands fom bree veking oo ar 9, Wi Fn (A738 dM fr (47.39), B. (A725) is fo a 9 Rae So Pr ay pisanseie ge ft-vone-ftao-Reve- ne giglt-Fone. 10736) ation (7.0 inh meray and ficient rato of he eer poss ith Py 2) =Flee 2 (Gs 0.and nef ae Prive) Pavey wh Fy 8 BAT) and Fy) a a By (ATO. Merson fr 2 Teo owl pin HHA aad in ea oun of neo win bieay nual nf eal Berra) comping (73) wih B47) fotos hat ede ery gener coositane 1-9 = ee) seal poses bse vay Foon he {tow epctso cot ema wich psi aps {Toy cnr for 120 (10 being a array time pot ‘oe oat inert pope of nny ee poe ae suman ‘ale APL tute (A731) ab evi haley) sa fo) ne ‘ct stony reva ose A725. Polson Processes ‘There pro ie by (AS th Bpenineteds wan) homoge Poon proce. Fe en By (A7.37 fll (A736. “onthe Fou proces ssiana Frm (47.1) (47 10 CAT, (4725, a) fs a ie eceteneneninal Bates, sense, onan Priv) =F) Fat) = OD ee, aah, ars saneateiins Me Weve cow, mewoedine ao oa roaneae[ Bre aon ‘Ast ot of monones ropery of he exponen he ig ses) 0 BAT. bs inpendet mere A Ponon en Si dans nn ay ene wh ‘Statiuieg &anlereig (eel eine fon Mi) fe 2 Ingen cn ron ra pro wits dente nme (412) yo Mt, riven = ou tee MBL ey ante bec 0-2 om ‘ext ten i) inh ry of te nontoogeon Poon proces. For MO) ‘noo ws at ew) mlm) No ent "nts peice ie [i comontnamary | inet fa-mong |Oeceen0-7 ‘ene af rents 21 iearae = Eo = Ela oe pl ( | enemy | es re o 19 aa Pm Th AT3 Alternating Renewal Processes “The generzicn of he nema pes ges in Fig A by inscing + postive dom repeat Une sb! abd Gt), ote ‘Stas reel proces An alain poe ce ih ‘tac, wich seat fo te te ce are tine te orgs Fe) and Oi) repel Contig he nahi tad wr ya ei fe io aco 2m rt ty Bioutat ound mpetly oto aera nal rcs comer to ndpendn tore worms fe ad ecient, yes Fh Fares opera nel be 2 pt tines en are Bi) ee wR egy 005 64) tee at GD teh 246 fi 0) a), fa srenciejanona a namateiiefa-omnd, ia as the MTF a rare or een he flea etn rep. Toeveqence Tati eteethon am Bett te tatpon NA) {imo osflatemaing renva pracns artng = 0 wh ny spel Pipee ATS shows ane cto et sang ced Imrees, Envi ry of ae pce eto neal pce i ‘Racal ts Say of Sag mired n= and Sy 8 md wih ‘hee ne eon po wm soma at 0, tet Say HG HN eth A eet Tern tw edt nt 0 fo tots Hot Trecosponng emis Goh dM, eal H), Ba) fore inet staring 0 tayesed fort a. Te el + ees oot (A675. "Therein f Sen 72 ca be ted og teed rend ocees of Fig ATS. aon (A722) ls Lapis ome oe ene rhs Ms, Mas 08 Ny) feat HO, oye Hater a iFfne) iadnre OHO, 5 o fasre HOO i aye as ins Fancy ” “To de he dering seal poses dele toe Fp AT, ws ce he dimen case proces (tay) wae GD ‘ert tof he oc epee abt ee) w o 9 te ate Pe Tey sat) ant e arwadecrec ines in ew and dv a, sist, pve at te or der a ae re 83. To inven nrc i sheraing nel cee of ig 72 pePriemupstt=0) and 1 pois doenset=0). (4730) Artes (a - PAPO, Ney OOSA] mal, LepeO= A, G0) PII9 A'S HO)=A Nd Prat +P 959 ‘Sey eval deny ecm amps om down ow is vay all Phat +P 759 ‘ing Bas (A 52 and (A, ed eoserig (A725, fon at Pignew ents) 0-0) geN-R 29a ans, Pig anend 28 Irt-oysetiefiden-Ouereme, a set 0-08 Ay Dtiosatent-Fne igen -Ro- de 03 ‘Tega PA) = Prima cas he pt apa and I +0) ins aevtq)> 9] be tral eho gente erin 62, ‘Atanas rere ocr, raed bye prone pi 64() a GG estar fe to-dinesonl oes (HD, Fag stony. At ith te nel proce i can be howe et apace ‘rei at sn aerogenes aon eel i oy sth ATT ay TTR np (AAT 20 (A748). pf 20h Falowig elsontgn ply oh tarniy lematng reeves (Granola 3nd 80) Pao) Pe ep MO x59 R108) ad bic ines Govketenm Pry = 2,982, era snd she i polly) AR Pod miierzi EA, nen aay A May tia wh apolar if dnty e set pote Pry =Z). jam eles te ial ‘Staion 4 srg (477) iasabon poe en naSpey ve nse at Epat 976 ‘ae yates pe ying Hy (ATI ie oe ttonary dition of ‘he at in we ent petites ye Be (15) (47) ‘A Mata i ith ean pebles py ree vey sca be rahe ever ee te, be for ath angle ea at wae a cn 6 7 tse Se Paes ican awa pte (A770 poms ania sion wi a 276 ancl te Mato han edie (ATS, ATAS, P27. A729) ATS. Markov Processes with Finitely Many States Asoxtanc ro i) smn in with ely mays Zyn {Meron proce ifr 2, sy ae pos ov 221,32 iy goo PR+e) 2 160)= 2,086) -2,0..08H)4 2) Pe) =2)150= 3. orm ‘Te nil spots in Ey (A777) we he nation probes of ebony beet yer) Pir o)= PB HZ, |B on ‘guns (A777 and (A779 give mle robb at +) willbe Z; five im 8) 2 Bowen aed ate Maho sn aw ‘ier se ino be sei By (ATS ath 2, tiene ta vied ther Z “Te Mato pri in omopenoutt Riu tel=Fle) re) ols Ine flowing aly tine ompeus Maton proces wi be cenit (ce Fr trary 90 and > 0, Toa) aye Chapman Kelner cpu Rue Erion seman ry emai tt i 02, Peter wore mt Sry = asp sndhsfom a soca mara. Toa wih he itl iron FO=MRO=Z), inom, ns 95 Mor Pm ity my Se o he mason puis opel deine te dsc aw of te Mov pos Ipurzlte se prabier tr 3.0. F0)=PeD=Z), = wow ony ‘Bown at Fwd meaty tien at ante sted ty ee $y Ftou wan Sun 76 est eam Py(B)= ny A+ 00) — and 1 = Pyle) = Be +B), arse) fe esque har en a of oo n,Bo=Pitu +87, |89=2). ent nd fr B20 ant 048 Ptomy en 21 +8 01= 2) 8 PreweZ 84 +84 8092). 90) Dy ley ssn eto to en jie or Mu eh. yi tne Pre Tey Setig 2 ag (A. scones at. A.78 an (N79) ie nyrrtne Err, dor RoR 3 dhe hing i cot (7.85, at omnes Sry eR sn Eptions (A791) ee Kengo forward guns Wi iil cnttos ithe by an Ep. (ATES. ey hve sani sotion wih san Ba (hia ote werdy be msn cen (A 96 (89) trieey deri h taaon protien Fy) of he Mahon pees. ‘Stay fr By (A790 ica be howe a en obi ye) ‘Sosa he Rooper acard opuron faoeando ary, Ueto “he flowing descripicn of he ine Sonegeene) Moro proces wit leat tdaice 0) tn asin res Jem, prvi a Bsr ge ne reo Mao pce pe oppo pres wi feces coun spl pu laa). re acs or vesiaton tor cscs msn fea esos Seton ATS 32) an i the ‘lion fr he nvedcien of tm afrtow proce (Ston AT. Lat Ea bea smuencf ins vies ling abs in ZZ dog 1 sts accent cca ad yy. seve of pose rnd ‘artes ening the tofu mes Dron Po cnc ne wane. Pete ee ee) sn sa tee Pg=ZI°R) iho 789 tn fr MND OY ey Oadby pote 105 Ms Pe th Ma Se ~ Pie 2, 040) ye BMRA ey AZ =P = 2s 2) b= 2) = = lel Pyle (ATS) Bg (A795. 5 wll (AT), Z tenes ater Zi Sot ees in By. (477 a ema with Ey (47100, Qf ices ony ft fy yt Mar chain hal ta 2O=PRo=%) Pari 218 wa Ay=0, embed ine gn sess. Pen (4795), ws a Esme A723 Hyd Pine #| y= Aba Bede 796) (8 i sem Maron rion prob wil as hb into! ‘Ste in Seon ATS Nom ee BO Senta Ake, amy Uke fe Srey a796) em Bg (A7.98 ane memaierprapey of te exponential baton (ASHDflnwn na 120 Man pons th nna draton Rior=POD=Z) oun s Minton 97 nceveHe7), iat = fin LmteaneZ in +) 60921 Boy § Th ston of ine ogee) Maron rocer wih metion tePpand cmb bene a eaiowing my (A724 FD {fat t=0'e pc rs eon 24 SZ hen neste Eisen hot ttt rin py ysl ‘rn mn ee iene ines 6-208 22 410 10 eS Psy te proces enters 2, hms ae bere 2 (4 wl edged wih patti pate sje me Zw be Sinitandorring minsel ewe fo 40 ss suet ye ose i iat nn) ce om Ares EF Howe tme Seep ns dec ae eso nae rewrote, pac apo he fovingetnig canbe sw determine she wnt ys andy) ng 95 {fe proces ners hese 2, tan arbray ti sy £0 he ‘ef tnependn random in yb ye sj nei "whet pon» 2h prowl eno Zy ate ones Gagne rao eyloral) hey noisier, te qs Oy py.and 2) agen by Qyed=Pey Sxrvta ty te 3199) bya ty Ba, aa308 Fler sy ala ny Be. oa Amin fr Be Maro rs enue ropes y By (A777) Paty e)et-e xcs in 075 Oytniefene™ flerrayaBa-ens, jas, nso eee =P gymy for jth 7 rund, (a7.103) refiemie seiek oo S «xsa09 Hynet-ene «sns09 ‘shal emai at a the meer rape of e Maroy pre ‘heree mo iewnce er prec Zn? a ter ae) thee, However ont tne om Marr en epi AT ‘Qe pel rote sen ane Surety 2 (me hosp) Mav peri yi ol indo as acer lee pang eng cited (Agnes NIC), tie evlon of he se ne ‘pee (neg forma) ‘il ol when veatpng Marto cen te gram of rein robinein Gots] ube B00 (82, Le B10) a8 Fm wy ie potneg, 10. Tegra al a ith nied es 12, 1=0,.m ands ied by nse pies (0, whe em ef ie of) me omits tan etna ale rmionsaron ae ‘pie oc tel sppsion)Takng a acu he pees 0 he ‘Silene fy ded id (7 9) so 0 i= aoe) = 24 meV eprcai, 73) % rm too min =2)480. (AIO wydranySesoen. je ain =t-n 1 with By (ATS). Ahoh or 810 Bde at y= G8, ean ofS) a By (A729) Ba, (A7.78 and Oy) an (479) (0 (A718 ae Basal arn wl OZ ee ste sed her atc nc base ‘somes An ATS ge ag of anne pier (85 fo sone pa arco tay apples T eer ih Bp i ‘wna hd ne nga, te Zyl elena eu oping ein tbesere ne) 3 ge owe se ate ath? nc Tiers ‘Sielamarorsapearcn tong eens Capers so Se ee Tarkenat tate myo sah fer ne reared Poyemir 8am roy ti ie Se. iter ee A261 pn pra ‘pers ate oh St" pa put etn oe (etm Ot, Mars : 105 Mar remes ayS as ATS3- State Probabilities and Sojourn Times ina Given Clas of States hasan ceo e sur esate fun pa. Th ne pris low caston fe pon oan. Te relay cn ea ‘te. Forhorre, cambio tee gto fr te homeeneat Miroy pes seaplane al abi, seceenany 6 m T= necttesjaen oon saee(eonneaetayemloed. (A707) (teas sre rats af pum ines an be aie ct fo Maron Poste ghee of etal eens eal sepa eqns. ATS Method of Dire Puan ‘The mtd sire eatin scsi oa sein vesting Ma- ow pee, ished onthe gram of ston prone f .18 Comers ne mogees cov poe 0) wih iy na ebb ‘ace R(@)=P{)= al etn as yo Te eae oie tay (A785) FOP Z Fam ye ec tweainieSriom. Bop setoom 00100 Mey e A:00 me e (ATS, Tp ty Teja tetra odana sks ro Paiamibinetie E50 ara are ni, pull condo pba) P=! mk BOD He 10) as 1 ak Sat PT ae semen 2 0 (nly ent 2 eigenen 1), lh cee ut pote) a he aston pratt ‘Eee a (79) oe he ied at Hyenere nun th #40) a esto of (A710 A loons a By (A710 (rot Ea A50 Te par may, odie ih PA) Pasin=PiecU| 802) Fh Fam ALI PA. te pit he ens ino the wp aes agen was ue erence ‘bite pce ole ON ei te peti nn ee oni roresnetyo-a.ayenine evtnenint-nsmtn nance ante ebae tn -RO stim tbo, aanoeenin hor--aoonmerinoreunin fura-sneeane. cous tn a ols fm 0.) a pg AP. Tema EeeviOy eign nd cnanewass0rep Met Nemo mame Sept ih nh. hope (NSE,20pc omy canon pita wi S10 Sane) (A fee iporc gut fe viii ery he rei fmt gti ithe yo em fen) Rl) an be canine ‘horny es mens at pce ler lee 20 ome 2 ‘hee 20 iso iat hn cus een pumice ete sat se era le am f he poe ein oe ati Sst ny tna Le poby a op sb cpr Seaceruatr see upgncr, Tome Seem come be fl Maroy pees Ct) oh wa es) ol ane ayant net, yt RCT, sinBy aN “he epi 1) $9 ye flog ae of ee Binney Briony. e= Ep Fe Oam (ATS) # sf ing in cn HO) nd H =O 4 (as 2.0) be ‘Motos yn hee pan Pi) mee tn obs Rost, wn) ‘Te rely fncton Rf sn gen by Reape Uerdesss|OHZ)= BHA xen. «A7AN ‘Teed bis (PL) ae eed ete pin fhe eae, Secureyoity que fre pb eae. anole AT sas be ‘Giison feria non ors otal Pare tery en hy es con al A iy at Sipetwoter sam 2a pote Sinttedwonme 2 soon ere on petion Homes fon-anhiocnin soon of Ha. A wi een ete a 0 ect t=0) i te te pena Hn Ana ad ‘retin pm hay aca nap.) ah Seapine ‘uaons (A712 an (A717 em ecm o etre th tai tt {he pons sin an ep se at U) Fan es tee he set U te eral [1401 sven GO)=Z%. Ton quant the era ably Tye). Dawe menace paper be Matos poe, las 60) PrlapeU Tree 544 860) 21~ PRADO win een (ATLL tom ae. os QT @ 7532. Method ona Batons “Themed of eral equation i se on he een ofthe Msn ros) 8+ pre jump pss by eats of yan yw eden ope 4732 (A?95) ust meray rr te ony te ‘at ins Ge state eee ims). "Te ruin poets Fy) = Pr) = 2,2 can babe by tena over ni, Bt Boy. petomi, ® oa ih 0/44 andy, Tomo BG (ATR cote vePgin=2,9s0 min 40°29 « Erez; tee in a2 0-2) & ar an + Eimtin-zensing «2 1801-7). ae “The ot es of (A121 tye r= ative ity ae roel loves eb! yor scan to be pet ives by ge (A709) (47100). ‘Th eed eo oi foray 1B (A799), re =z, A LO)= Zr Qyd= ple) ad PB Nsaz.omnsrg nape Aytn. Bato (A120) en flows te Iie ed proba). Te ae tay be 1), ea own Bt te aby tion yl died In (ATAHD see te awig spe of egal oes raceme g fremngionse ae Spe a i oy Panett Pg) and ier biy TR +0) a agin ie by SAI) nl (7 19) it) oem (AT 0 1 baat oy “De yt of tga etn (47120 ad (A722) ca a ng Laplace anor. Relea pens A), 45 oe ra Bs § Beton, Pye NE oh tes f Rev. (nia) ‘mputtion of he man of he joe Ine op ses. Deve arr, them mene fare, piel Sm bie Zc =, insta cons) ‘he cong 1B (A712), MIT, aie alowing ye of ee verve SMa, na Bay at wine A753 Sttonty State nd ym ebvie ‘Tee rmination fine depen rai nd te oi wai {yee wt clement ae cnt he mdm posi ‘Seti or ep ecto. Howe can Bsa a soeening, Toe ‘Stoners wih se poles se depen oe wh te pecs ne anna (ue sem fet eqns ee ‘oem of gale eos ‘A time homogeneous Marko prcst {With ies Zoo Zy Ht $tnary, te te praboies Fl) PAR'=Z) =D do et pend nt “Tis canbe en fom i lig mai 195 ao Pc yay a PAA 2,9 ABZ SPR I= Zl Pe ylented ie, sain 0 he Mako pp. (A.7) mt be vail er airy Rewreipad eel vm) Rrany o> ied BARD, ABI ADAP d=, MB eg Fo 2) Fe ftw at R=) =P an i pine y= Comegterdy be sess) nary ely il bon ene 2) FD, ane aay 150 Hey wit 420, S04 w= Bey. stm B 7 om very shin of £5 (A727) with 9,20, 0m, tay ‘Mato resi etry pa 1. et 41 sacha si), evry ae ca beac eve rat ce ‘Sows at Fy) ove p> den Fy) forty #0). AoW oc src in nly it ember cha ede Pe irene Marr pce ths cst qeties >) JO. wih yt f= such al nependnty of he il con Re wig Sav thence TA (LOD =H 0 Jaton wa Ti ryii=B20 Jeoam cn) “eet of ae fof eg (AT28 eng ditto of Min psn 76) and (19) ln hn ro ree ny ston of (A) wh >, J =m "he anion aay eae say ate alt he poe: vai pasiewen ey BmPhaW=Phy= EB =O om an) WX a aestot (on Zale Mat aes Py Fa thelist en C2 ee ig ninoemominnte eH AN yy, nec fe ia tation 60mm BI) fin REL yy aun Deda eg oe oe pen 1 tment zo! fPagende a0 uns (A7 10) an (ATI edt ran Ze) In AdateAtyoPhen Bn ao) Exresion of he fon 247 an be wd slat the expected umber of cpomtnn ATSA Birth and Death Process ‘peta ine homngneoue Maho ces we rey ay fo anys nesipes a rn edna) wih ele eos ie nd ep ss et an et proces agra 9 eon ‘pene (10a grasa en ig A Sah gest 1S. and woe tans a ate 77 tl fo, Tegciely. Takin cue gta enol Soa nth probity). The sm of iota ous Gsshing te Bh nd Nore, waren ait fre hr 195 te Pe i ay a as 2 ea proces en P79 (887.108) Fa ocan AAT Te conten v9 (JQ. cB and 8) 20 (ha) a alien for Imeem me spot Eyer any ice st Bele AT he ing Ob Fe pot i is Fem (47136) one recone hal v4 = Re = 1) ‘ring tbe pp of stain aon Sgro ei SMT Fabien me on AeA, Wa ete A tem gatas BS8 gta 2B Mg Hy Fe Oh dar yon, Jet Mt 5p ean. 1 agi mi #4 Pe rt om 7398 wo 1 basen ene ay Tee vas ff ge by Bi. (AT6 cB dn (A713) tein te weasel of he pol away The sin man tn flare {we mB (AT126) eth = #0, py = tol aie a he 2 elon Ui =O fo) ‘pr 79 A710 we pon he rh ed eh oes m9 Bech onic eam npn st ‘Dene ty ey 715 (A) reer onan ey an it ln nf 47199 ha Going Tecmo emeson a core 195 tr ene ah Pty en 2 en tren mt cp tee pene a say SEES TTER oa we rnp er oranene Praga sin saa SAA ey BAAR OBR BHM oon, Yh fo 583. ws iar on ited SE a, 3: See ee Re ore eat gee easae ‘As or by Eales A740 ayn of ih an et iat 79 Asin nu rey wi 04, Re flowing lain fr te mente tilt pAb tind (eae A710) es 1 tte ry cere foket me TE) Fr rst to orfh haw we) ‘gun (7.14) asta 21 te. rad sae rai i te truth al ah pres dered Fig A793 gest eof i Sesyste poate nal ie flowing Ze J=Oen— Tae ‘usm # sn velo pram esos esi way fests pa ‘Sy te i A a6, en 8, st-aiay etn 3) A7.6 Semi-Markov Processes with Finitely Many States do Man ps Are 9.52 os a ‘a em wh Mor pes: Hower, shone pen eZ ita pve dom rare vy whvedntbeon pens oe Zand on he fetowing vas. in oa o Mor proces, hr sou ne arty durin mt expel tte i My pes "To dfee semi Mahon proce, ep Bes be ihe soca of comstey cur teases of ale ge Tips Zaha ye mjunes between come les Lt ‘shui pie nom aries A moans pce 8) ih he te fee 2p 2a eae Maron proces fo Rt, 2 wa) I Geshen elim) darian ate abe Hs Met Beyer s6BoZy)) au "ZN f6 21-9, CAT ‘Te fntons yin (A710, find ny for ae en Manin evi pbb ne ee (099 9 Stig uer=ny on) Ronee wo) ys) = mF cane sang AT) Pest Zila Zhe wi we can RyndePeine |e 2s): on Far py 0 fy) on ety, From (A140 coms up pie eltenm} Toe all sso «snk Mat pcr serene, ‘Perl de) he embeded real pres of cee ene Z (Gesell te ered 8) “Til dr, a the aon oe vec, 2M sve sore eel by y(n PB) 2 ou i in <0) (O75 0 ois seh ()= Pr) = 2). ssn 1B (A.168) a 0) = Presa eum ein | (022 =) B0) Bete ety tet Othe pated ut sn, te mt Markov proces Maeva a imc gee ol ate eon poo ane a ee, ve tesne 2 ae egerson ps, ta cnn 0), fl ‘ee Mey yey mt Deer fo Som Mavis) Bennet t-0. ‘Tee sgpece By fom Marr chi mee Maro chi with ‘roto poles Py scarg 1 H(A. US) t= 2 lal ‘Probables #0), £0... Ts) conn dato con ‘SenjunieinZ withcomeque spin ZG bet sae be se, ‘Nem Mario pecs ea Maroy rece aol y=? 6(0omls Araneae lose eae Maroy pen, cme he ‘String enna prosaic prada AT (loan, 2rd fbuaper te Rye Rylel=Oln, Ril=Fyieh Ba) Oae), Rien. RO=1=p. ni opens he ques (aor ps e-card sing (A795) (A 10 san Scene 3. Tatham artnet 2, etn a0 se by omierte =0) aaennssltienieyrinBan anism ssttoneaty % =I 1 Qin, (arise) ete i i est a . net cosy st ora (0m Cone ltt hh he proce eee Za =, ok RO=1 md HAIFA nis) R= PID=2;|2, emda 0) nas) cu hey pein (A, oe oe a iran teas een roet-aoe§ fadonye-ne cz) SOR Sete NG tera se Fyne Socnemet a ib 020 and ys. Fal Us ate spac is died oe Cement ete Ufo he tren ad U ft wm se a (GAMUT. be pol avai om sn om 1). Pay Binel |Z emocdmr=t)= S80 edo hy an Ea (ATIS6, Te bay te fa rani ete Ibid ania Voce tne it lll nc ee ed perigee eas (4712) Rael Z flonase tet wi 4) 264 4718 al cy py, Ramen {he oun ine a be pon meen ie fat fla Ge (150) a nlatoncfealloneg re ofa ions rs Epsom, at. ans sh Facog 5 (ATS, ens 0 0 Paci rm Tey fee tte eed Mesh cha rere eth se in el om fre tee ih aby) em Mitr ace i onary and ‘pte al rata Eq CAPISO) eny(AT ED ATT yore BEL forgone on von go “ 1m By (A710), py ae te ean probe (A748) sap he "alonarydonnbwon of he embed Marko chai. ae e We ‘chon en (Awa 28) sw mn 20)00 90 Eye Jeti Forte some em Mato acne ste pois enone Sean rent Poste B, ta 12 ar 1, he we of te ie nel een to consti oc f 2 Norbegln tne 010) Ean, eae sho hat (A716 is cut (47.109, The ned ‘he ee pou aby los ener 12) y= Bae 5 PE eae oder te mses mide sone, Le comes sj tne wih Fie seaside oud Moo cite flowing spl for 150). eps of tal on =O 198 Sem ao Po Fi Mat 6 inne ee aw os) som Paseo Page DA. (A718) Forte serting eval pce (Se, AT with cep. Zndown p= ted or) Wha at yp 2d Maken Sa) 28 TT Eq(A7 16 oF (K7 168, eet Phy fh Tee TT pe aoe) ‘Thkeranle shows ese bu elifermce beeen pt uh ron tc ihw tiigaay F e A717 Semi-regenerative Processes ‘Asin i Agpens A752- te tne eave af epi ye canbe ‘debe ya Maro proces ony he alee open ie a er Ses fal cements we exoney ried (he cont ro ‘scan boner deen pn cast ate se Fgh A768, 613,203 212 {ar sove exp) Bese the spel eae ofthe Pang darbaon (Eq (AIUD nd Section 833), am-enponentialy isin eat Ses mele fret tes eal nn see css some ao cess, bat ore gee pens witha fw regenerton sae eee 0 murano prc. Toa wet be tne bo ‘ering tine or repute at ony sxe rans (te change) wich is nov ‘honey dated, ober he oor inet eae as ion ‘edged oe ho log thse wegen dr iar ae ead ten, Baample A712 sows he cs fs proces ih tes 2 ZZ whch Sh ee gant wen Ya ann rs oxout wi eae eld pre tence recurs The vein en bce Sin tome ne perme Ingen. o saree har, Seto 58nd fr soaps ahha ore Tocca wn hie ce apn nee area ee 2) wee 2 "ena i) Dao be aan pos a a ‘enn sn in, ‘epee ns pc re ela sneer Bae Qe) ehissnny le finrtrancinr shire On en21=faont-e an) a co py in 643) an i pn Seike a mae 2 ip A ao Stra ei et (penises) m pn nb Arm. ‘torn tiny (irs ame Gh) in ‘Mora erbctonmarond oper Gino sever seuss Citi tee tn tgl=fte Ma ceeyai-e ne atoning. ome gee conseatons o somregeeratie pases see gnen A put Jong process) it ste space ZZ sem ‘ence, earpiece 2% Fe ten Le Ge be te secre of sncively Sourng Tegnerston tee ad Sic. he fandom tne itrals betnen comet excumeae of ‘nr tv coninon ron vat) ne (N18) mst feo m2 aby ron yh Hae re ale i Eye Mie bn Cage Sy 9 Bom pests Eiduay Be wyeersee ziedy soe procenr wid Hate spice ZZ snd taneien prbber Qs et —rHvenbad se tte oes he pie GO By tin t By Stay 4 ys MLZ fe cg poms ace dealin Appi N74 Keen dent on Ge bbe rgeeaon ste ivlv and fa probate rene can tvs Coupes The epche at which fed sta 2, erst mean oe ‘Often teste tm ap ster Ui at of he seperation tes Zan 2. Buon (A718 and (A159) tn he te cla ‘ey fn Ral) tl he nem anne foe HTT pn fine in. Forte pat avait PA, ep eget slr (07156 epee (Secon 642,543), Te emtedied vas Marv ocr 8 edible embed Maron ‘ain el omission acne Fe) =r a= jefe A P=. . cane stand at pend on ntl dso a =0 (ASS (Val. ID] The tis ten ky eval een (A729) Deng The a ‘pur tine nee 2 aed by Ts thea of eine el eee comer cares feng ia fr = th mes Phy DR (AT) For Brame A712 ith ha 01/2 ee. Mask cid. fr) Tee B"h, To-do RO FAST T= zDIIMA 8 erm MaDe, ad a Te oy (109) Pay ATS _Nonregenerative Stochastic Processes ‘he sstomption of abzey (ent expen) be fies ow 1 Sa ty San ae fen pon ene nde in this tons my 0 ree Sone tise A gel mod of nascar fe ton stxhei cosinor Manono Mow mses ya ‘pc uno Toe ening ps me en ed 1. Aprosinatn of rion fon: Apogee ‘2S Cortef serio ead rep en) by Eran drt ‘ton (a 102) awe tandiemton of he rial proce ‘Cnc hemopensu Manon poses veh neice ts 2 tured of plenary varie: Ing fr vey a ‘Suen suntan hela fe oper ne cre ast "pa tp ete et nn po ‘Moet ceasing or fila pei glean Sipe mad (ip 6) Tews mee very eer (A785). ion ein we luisa the eee mp nc 5 sis red oe po net Sesrpon oh pcos) omaied ny a are pt pss (Se fea.L Auta of sae nena ear ow ang Kons Tice (Props 2 agi ire) ith A= [Nem ‘pupal ng eine eral) soe 2g IAP HLL ATL AS an ‘Ste cnr cre sem etn 33.4 hw nepede leet Tengo Ge a Ge) eh ay pss with ss Oaown) ae 1) ‘ting the sent and he rye peste fhe tea at po (lah oo cen of gs Ialoam (anim) a Pao Pn ‘hen he syste pit way of ptm ic ice by Hy (248) ad (So be esated ah Pp Mr MT, my) ne eg 63. 10) Twos ie tine carro tetas aay te se rp furan tomeias,In te ca appoint epee iin sc Seton 67 en 68 AS Basic Mathematical Statistics fallow Givens positon fecal etc neenden sees wth thinowe ceca) perio trees ging peti we ae ‘ua (anda) sung ot poplton sin he Ds tcl tr ‘Sten ae mae fers soma of poping we ihe prt eunaton forthe eating feo fan eae ‘pring ine rte sc wheter th xpd ae ea) (reales) of given (anos) sve ax srs Of pes rl a Secs «suse probabil moe or he een cote Gace Sepmach. Maths ular ed on roi tery tes ced can ‘iy orn in probe ngage. Manton of el forse {arotucr he hot coee of maker! ttce ed i plang sd ‘npr mead, (ase parameter imam an (ite) tering of ‘ates To simplify he ote ter eno Sia ck) vie atl heaping plus tami A8.L Empirical Methods mpl met awa gc a ey station of he dan cto st ‘Dane ims a gealy tudo tepid tw ne ‘herent pe 26 8 teeta in AGLI Empirical Distribution Function Asma rb ti ntti eon Ripon date wit 0)" alee rc acne ping es bine Ft ste ates oping tT eal ie Seung tors en ann cs make Tet oo *nlecrobeon apa ern at mie tansy i aed To coespting ore Overton re Gest FED end era gn 8 cm riety feiestcin as) ete emia ring isn he os viet iA for ph epee fener eve eyo vet = er indpeet wi epton and vids tel del ese of he eben fncten Fy) = ese. Inthe lowing, he opt a 2 ‘ce nea can ake ui. As enon he ean hen ivesiping he ropes ate opal bon fcton 0) is een Bq) ep teens fy By Besa eet yy Form) pe ae of aby) 2 boy dred ma We (12) Frrinee p=F) Ts Fn hs en BAF. asa) 7 einige wd i pep a yet Bere ener ea catteeteteceetad Suse pena oben i camuage rama a sa ea a veryp)= OB, ss) Moreover drt apple fe soe ofa numbers Ba (6.46) ‘ows at foray en ve ff) soe th probly oe fer nso. Thi convergence I form in md ths ol for he whi ‘Stuoe tnctn FP ef pra ret sien eGo Gana shcovom (8S, Aba, ABI), bik ss ate re ole Sesion teteen fy} dF) rae 2.» sp |80)-RO) ase converge ath potty ne tO Prin 2, =0)=1 os ‘A812 Empirical Moments and Quantiles “The moment of don able ae cml ered by tesa tn FP ese dian fy Ae “Te tle oy Big bees ted Hoan be segue ae ton cof Bee ean vate wih peta n ae ois Retom thing Ea (A639, he ospondie. ean e prc en pl xe oan ay bree LS, 86, ‘igo acon he fmt 6 i] non var hen at Bil=zin, os vetienevetl nvm Ma as ution (AK) som te i i incite of ESB 81 ‘armor son aw flap mabe ig ABI) fw at Bir Beas mie Se 8) “Tex dation fneton fan aly ese forse pra es, (ep somal, egecnil or get toes, Howeve, he ena i ‘oro, Neh) sh ae e aes ae arama ‘grin! yt tal ban win mea an ance Vt Brewton Fi Ege (AS) aA) pve sine te cs However te expect fh eine ger by Var 41). Fo ie rns he empl aan of leon vitel= oct = be bean uso seh ow via vate aan Te ipher ander mets. (A6AI) (N50) be nay ee sbi 3e os Satine os Toe empl quan ye td hg grate he mpl die won nF) ise Riza ase AB1.3. Further Applications ofthe Empirical Distribution Funeton.. Conga oh eo ato fenton (0) ih « gen dan fant Fe tan sve on paracrine inde greet fe, corny de fr dato fat, ed ‘gop ol ne py hrs oa unaired devon Dy bere {ip sot Ri, deta by Ba (AB). He btn fats Fi) of he ‘om attest the aor rare FU) eer ‘ina in() fw uD aon ded fF) A atmo stowed (A820 fr F) eons el 0, pene "Tess avez cp. fr «> 18 ep, oyena gh in ID, $y] nbn Bea sto) “The uaa fncton of Dy hasbeen ble fr sl ater of [ABISL Fora sve coninact drt icon Be Band BO aa verlag hemp bain fino) with probably hires nth ia 9 PUD, Say] Ont e ans) XC int conan, canbe own at wis ym 5p. (AB), he ad Ong vei Fitba pouiy {= we do 8 "Tes Fi) i ane reece eve cuss ie umd hand BY) erate remo) dain focion Bh probity trey atm “i pci cf raha tee emer on aon 0 15g ALIS) wars pblom of proba eo) ga imation fan knoe comune debate fncon ) o he Oa of the ome ‘eta ncn Fs). Sia Rntoisatcanachnzeusersci “Te simplify imeigaiony it aes vc aw Fy) 08a soe proba chan. The boi iw: "he emo darian aon By) i ran in en of ‘Pores ich pointed of ots rb oon ‘erent iyo fhe nrg arian FO) ‘Roa eran cin fr iy rele oe ai Cayce pone argh la (ema ‘Coan hit ge parca he oat 2H) 08 tetrorcin fe pf ron sti ee tnd ate in fs) tome ae eo FL). ‘stalls in pul fr the exponent, Wil lpronal sd woe ‘rbot Canespeding probabil char en in Apes ‘398. The flowing tact i Neal protein har Te tne Ripstetaat aetna ng =) and aly abn 7)“ Plang (9 BlogAds nnolanated. CABO) noe system of cores lg) agg Re, he Wet ‘artisan enby FUN -e-09 pen xa ae Fi AB2 ‘tows hse =i Sant 1/00 Aree yA ep Bind ea be Oil papal + Bist shige of ce sigh, cage ee see eg ag) \trnchang yon de, + fg ll 0) = ogo) eon de ie Fig A, eat ag ands acl loin Oe ewe ind f deci oar (eo) To Weta peat chat ala sper be xn daon (Bo, otal exalt plan of pagal eraton atc Insect 75 Fig 712-7 10) m canoer wiht ying tpt im ees ect (fe eoacave curve bined when ing (er Fig AB? for mn ean) Convery fom a come civ cay «Webel don ohne ofan empires of da) tps ving op ‘y= mab * 2g) ing been to My pots A fe ee wale lp op F Sn 10H ig y= 00 ad = A82_ Parameter Estimation ‘nary spoons cae in tint tp of son econ of ‘emg aio use tnowe. Testa Fe) $taowe neon orm hee aod prey cm The none peat of FO) ms ead Sto he Cheers ff A mo ae eae nd ir eatin A821 Point Estimation oni fit ec ere een sso econ Fi) ely deen of ‘elankea) rane 6A po ema or Oia ncn By pate arn of he eerie ate fe rnd vibe (00 the kos rms ee Tene 1, ass) + cosine it cones tO inp Leff any 0 “Berd, -0> asi) + sont constr by xargs vi babe tin 8) as20) + ei 2@,-071 san) ‘ei for ee va + ci. cone al ean sot sate ine seat ete WS onl ation to we by st enn. ran ie ene (AR co 10, -02)= 8, BO,I1= Vata wasn said eit ets ticket Vai) ine an cst if Voii-o0 fr se. Tattle store of Cb Leguy (6 (A649), Ox well pepe of eee eset eee eg sf moors gee, ast ue sod ait elim The naan ‘thon med [A886 ALT ALT scaly de opie ‘pear proves at nes wich wet rae grr com, see con. sympa atic angel ef, ad sym ‘aly some are ean ews at an et xa i the tetnd gunn (i (AB25 or (A420) bah mae nue ‘ChaiceFeherer, nei 8, suit od ony fe ielood ito (55 (A823) oF (820) sb wren er ne Sees ‘resi othe ate te 8, = ly) se Pages AE w ANA “incr tod ml wa apd by Re Per (AR1S 1920) nk rt depend oberon of cre rmdo vee ‘eorchty fot seth tse sens whi sop o- ‘eof gen bye Bold finn Ur =f). win por me =a w9s20) meine ft town parame, eae By hr be lc ‘he mie he ed ion 1a the cae os comin aden vibe pobabliin (ca be ‘pcb te ey cnr, 8) an (A823) ces 9829 See elope mincing the no intend of kes te se re HU) fea nd he xm end ema, ext, te wl al te gan Ite or hs, : Peat ry ® The macnn cto! mete cb ead oe ce fs ton function wis» Se umber of snows parse yD Ten of (A820 fer eangs Oe along system rab oan mse se . azn ‘Te ese gneve of ain bon! site ued mest ep Tay emt en i in re Le nt er of ey er th Scars oni tnnnt Stns ee thn amore mamme pein p ree er cene((Jterrt «mie (anpsrcaman pbk gn nye ic ne me eat Seteic hag mci eleanor PtP, ge ate rip ee ti ore tan ren! Mand inti te monn agement Sangre (Ceatane Airey OTB) -DRATE eM iE Lita hBr=@rere hE ‘rn fw me en rn nen crn spain nh tame wn est am alan he sop (ada he ne fle est ©) and nF ae let, ‘Sida atencdaria eye, Conny # Wel ron ‘in Esai ABS so arg at te oeaig Stet TT hve et Chee in ake we flit ie opetng Se eh Uipntah pa ieteN ED ores viking tifa, bee Ce ti eth fo ght on pce) erat Ae Thee Seen neat te ote) see te lr ie Yt) ening. to ston ae ret Fo B=, i tee exponen corin By (ABI) sauce Bi (a8 wa ADV 19339) 1 he ess stopped on te ecu af te kth a, hn eee Tea testy rahe sss) She Tyan see ip tree kf) issn crepes ‘epg as wih lens hour pln en cee he ‘cuneate I eorgh me angi AR (ee) eee esbown tl beetnge £2417 eb Anabaena ny ietsh os) Hf he ws oped ae ede a the Ty 244g Tes ete, tuft eran 77, es Dt es for hs Te station coneayoss te samtng plan Wt lente ito placement ome age) te yg (TT ering “The as ofr tomes na) ih element prt a pace spin i coded Sts AB Ions 72211223 A822 Interval Estimation sna ns 82 pei se ot of rng ‘Sime fo hte pre” Mow io an ob 20 [ser maton Wi a tral einai (and) ina 1 Oy) 8 ‘eng uch ha ool he ns alu oe wu prt wen Boab coc eral 6 and Oy et lw and per ‘Shen ina fe hase owing iar mam nein ber of dependent sampe of sem fase woe ‘fence rere th eave feuccy of he cen whch the anes mer (yy vera the noon prance omer ‘ay. The te oti potable ee tr tate a "Te ctience ra ca soe onesie. (mB er f=) ih (0.]:1020. Figs ABS mee ample of nen ee “Theconspt of bf td np yey snc Ai ne wing nen te a Fe 83 agitate ar $20 (A822 imation an Usa Prabal 7 Com s segue of eli tril Appt AGO hae a iene A ‘cer whan poy px exh. The nol dao n-(tro-on* re pay a ee ot ey tent E(w ons Indesit, prety nlaown, Acie inert soph, teed onthe oberved nen of serene te evar Aa ‘Bowl esse son a ern press by Cape ab femono inTART, Foe gen y=t°B-By ( tna p< B= Far > i tpt be and aumterf aera in a wi {aleone othe vies Osher tas <8) (or pop) in Pg. ANA, the ‘Sec wi soe bye ors >) Tat ates os abe af ‘crore to ad over, (ABS) The lof Be (ABST Ie o bs Ne a Todeemive jy 204 fm a Bj (A837 an (ABB Tble othe Fiker tarsi (Sppns 884) o of he Bet futon ee ee pe tower fr Bobs -(t-7) 12 a aie lage oe of he fling ‘ppnow een: 1, For mislead) >S.2 god eit fer fan fc be od ig ‘be imeyolLaplare heon (De Mote Laplact ren Resrangig (st) acon asa, eben inte 49) qn of be sand pra ton ‘Sdn ies b= kgs brn eg Bel fy 209 (Hae AB On te ei kee (ab, espe depp Hea (anny se equation oh coerce ise, Fox vn vee of nab ete mat fn can hs Ser seo (A) pe tioseselnewriann any or he concen obnnedwng By (ABAD. B= = 0=9072. [gee ABS tows confer = 08 ares aes om 2. Fol ala of conic in cane tered ply be eos fis (ABST and ASH) or y= y= ny) 2. Tes ees ‘acd with he confidence lips piven by Ey (A842), ested ence inal can so be terns fe he shove ws fr rand. we 83 sows at “ho wi 11-8, te ‘gti srt eter tm oe iy ‘Thee thn et pin (ASAD) cna be revere nd (AKAD) a Froiiyy (y= fy-By wh yf) he its a hy of sen of [Shera mined ra oer ctv ke aml by soph RTP. sss) ‘Asin Bg (ASA, be quay BB (ABA) ee (Ly) gue of he ermal iro eb 1.6 for 209 tombe AS, Frage ro, Fa, ARS cin ee ying he tp knw dy ing ‘md ye me sin ‘A8222 amin of he Paratrooper {oe Fd Tot Dra Tp esr) with Replacement Come 0 a ies ving cot eae and mum hl th {are te ted rola ae, out km, a ‘it macnn tn in 2, Bane boner panery (Gree by (2p (A720) niinhesin@r]|a)=APhe-s TA mana Feito ptt ime fer flows hen oem (48.0, wih n= od moana nse) Acoli yl ent the Stare rt as be eal ‘etinang the confience itera forthe pormeer m=) of @ Paton ‘Serban Coering H(A an (ASH md he ily been he ‘Stemi nd the Pon Suit, be cnsece Ki hy at ye Be ewroed acu gvenrt-By-Bp (Of Re 1 the Rem “over beh fe ie Se oping ne of an tes tied corn 0 (esponrtl dartcon =I wih nksown Do Bde ‘tt tnown i, Be eng ype abe fis Rel 29) Hy: de ards nection (0 3): fe ho tn iter on Fy) 20): Nebo. poe estan berm 2B) My: Xp, onde he db xp 28) Ho: he to tne T= pum tno, 1 ww hide types inn prancr (I 1 1, 2,2 and ma prac anes 2 and 2). Fc cich fe icon ao mae ‘Snoring pts 2) an comps peter 16 202422), "earings ppt we Rds ofr con rar ae A + pe Lei, Le he ror of rec reygteris Ho he pay of + pe are, Leh or of arcing fe pte He pbb of ise ty Be fan tvmate apse Hy scm 9 ‘bene ety of en suing Pn). te arp vided nto Wo complement 52, A fo acc 1 ferjaion he pel and pe Hore en a= Pps | can) B= Mrpengein A Ht seo) ‘Bot ind of ence posse an et be miinzed insane (008 euminic ne), Ofer wn ed ate ch st fora ge Dn misimiet. Tene tows ht shot sua ea Hy 8 fie single hypoesee (4822, Te following snctons cise port rocfreswich spy guy conal nd cay oer soe Chap ‘oc ABSA Testing an Unknown Probability » ‘knw rey pA ee Ges pln Soup wh lu xing af Be pate Me: Phe eat ate in serie pe Ms pom nem 7 ase ‘The pe ere hte ety qu wut wt sale fr p= penile ee tan aoe p<. The ope error al be ey el (at ‘tne a Bor p= Ups stn Blo p> ph Sed sna tien con patel pets, pric pat coma hep fers toe con of eect em (tte Frou). iy ey, whe i tp =1—18 lity a p=1— PA (hs eadye ale), ets cae, the pre's ik an Be conse i, Te to met ‘repay wed tues een pte rly the eae (ABD) {nd (AED), wh p> ye the spe foe oping pl td he ene, nme ane [oe ete) eo tint we [oem [au = orton ee? png til mean (etm nsteraepeuns seas. e5) ASL Siapl Twosided Sung Ms “Ter fore pe sed sampling plan ape oe 1, oc ie yy a (0<0-ct=B comp he sll get E(0n0-nr ose EfPro-mr'se. ans 2, Pero independ ile eral ie) eters te uber in wih ‘ewe compat ese fr exanpl bse ad sie My, te saci My, a BS eas) ‘rine eG ad AE, ep sre i edn sicare Spoor Forkavwn andy, M7) wether faving pt feces (ramp of oem Tus suman Hy tue flows the poy of fees eh pry of rig mee tn dees apo eo amleroue ween stint Hn $00? wer hn to nes te Sf “Te sumone wh pe (A) (ASA) et ai, Arson Ip tee nous, ype Lonorand he pe ere ice ot Srpemanl Bir p> pope Pe a8 ra ese peraing characteristic (OC). py sd) we seal (up afew) ew, orton rromatin Ee (Aton A812 Sequel Tat ‘Asso ata e-em pan wh 9-0 and = 2, 3 ess a {beth tt Save ee hye il mjc w per psd (ARGS, genset oo en cot Ail na arg ng 1 Wal Tis ume ngs pe gos whee lan cab esse or ten ly wc yume he esi 38 ina shove cam) Ivete peromed. To save ls len, A. Wald propose In 197 the ‘equi at(AB30. Forse one meaner tac are teed Depend von te il equa Oe ered cen, he see Hy poten eter ‘he tsting proce can be ested alls FgAB In sem of cation coordinates the mmr ef Wi re ‘Reuben ono mabe fr ck hee A care one dna the ti ppd ih eeplane a econ soa the ering since ere =i) cose thao of eon i fhonbihcarein cata or pected a. sand. The wep jin nes canbe tern Fr ‘Acces ie: b= a¥- hy see) Rejctontne: A ane sen, eh (A890) gue ABS sows este ad son Ee 2, (MALLS Spl Onesie Sampling Phan ne si saning none los) aed i praca apn wen Th: pe mand H-p> pyar Mpc tnd p> p,m tuned. Thee ieee ned oc inn 71.3. Sig = Pn eee (ABAD eee My: Pen as Pm cx “a Ae nee Mate Eegrers Pee ers y= 80a 9918) 18) thee yn pier = 0... fm (AN a Oe at pte ABS, ‘bene er can cn ey ge a chapel eae tor ib ty. Det wont le sla etn cp fer (oe etn ween (ARO), ie ls (ie ffm) oie Ea of hsp orate ema Fig AB =n hs for ope values of he pe err aul the cde of he open tances for p>) Income ge aah cer ie nna, aan ere AQL sto Acceale Quali Level. The sbve consent ho wh he hie aly a tend f Jy yt 09 the par ‘oer ag, pts a ed Ont ere stag py =p easy (AS, en os asm eine Bs po, css) ih onc npr <= 0...) (ARS) and be tet rete (AES, Seppe erorsas care ey lye ach ppt tbe ae 1 ov ‘Depending yn ae te fic ed a cmd (Ge ges eh sae ECAR. le pas ue ene pale \Coxsicros et a snr toe of hv cate whe ny ys 2 = EMD, 8% Wie LTD sas fo Lo Tolerance Perce Dee. AB32 Goodness-of fit Tests for Completely Defined F(t) Goninon a prc of hype eng AKIO), Lat feta be indoctrinate gh eens iy: te bina econ si cnt sina sae hype 7 te iin ectane ma, a8) sere Th) hi tin, compel fined. Amnesties be Kainagr-Sein lege (2) est ergy ee ae ison 8,0) wit he pose so ation 130) D> 29 io-n0 ene in Aap ALS. Ia stn he aan fF) de ‘etyptae Hy Wines ote pet Fo). Tas pen. pe ero the hype My meet or D> Ha PD,» ya Mtn osm othing cn Sai joe a of eg» ‘ype fi gee ALIO seas he Koop Soy wt vit betel ct rece «a 8 basa a Pr) 4 2. Th cg) gd oe st an le pen 2) Choe yrmteett pe de Bee gepGcen? $2, ass) emia) -Flod am se Gere tern on spre) =I) 890) seh expected muir of snr i (a sp] eee gees Peano ARA6] ta tw at ary dari of Xander My foros sa! debt wh 81 degrees offre. Tis betenre, BERD >a 9| Mine vas ea te pte Hy a receit Moihae sm halt te (1-a) quant fe 2? dso with £1 dep ‘eli The lane (4 on, naa] Bech Deore {he tet prod i ch 07 atl pe poate eel ‘avrg ply pk tne eal va ef n= 3) A833 Goodnessofsfit Tess fora Distribution F(t) with Unknown Parameters ‘The Kolmogv-Smin st eile se cane whee he odin isibeton nce fy) Hn completly Frown Gruner wav oreer he quai out ect rea pattie Toe chure (2) te tem » more gener apm Let Ty) be he snd carta nian, own vp he pe hy, 1 te unos putes 8 retina scaring 1 he maxi Tice nino he fsa shced fees cg ‘masomal stn gen by (6120), em the ange rapt equates ee Example AS). ass ompated wih j= Tyla 0,)Filap th). has ander ‘symp foc 8» 8°32 arian math oi epee of dom (BIS (120). haa gentpe rors. >a Matin canes en yt Hy at ei Bethan sas acne Be I~e) pm of he on wih ders of esis” Wi be one at esate te parts Py ‘ety he cera fg eat alone (ABS, AED, “ (A Be amd Se Poe. Reeve tment ah peti re gaveL af, Teuton itn ca ce bineonnten thn ath ee EN ol t etal ye cohen He CAD A9 Tables and Charts ASL Standard Normal Distribution au asy-ninsinte fe rte et Li “6 9 toed A92. 12-Distribution (Chi-Square Distribution) gion: htedm-g fi ap? Inner: iis, age, Haan? 02D ain ey ge wi Benen Chgirated Raggnas gern (ivoTe the vs) a wT om 19 Time “s A93_t-Distribution Student distribution) secre ve1 2. (pest fees) Porametos:NV=0,Vanti= 5 (022, Mol vae=0 Properties: HO)= 03, eaioaips: + Nema dion a2 tos f= Tn ls mana isu E10 Va “ie 1 ae wih dept edo an inde, =F) ty disaran sot B20: FO) wit v1 ‘ra ass_enanas.as.amsam.as ov gt tae \ Bssewuneeusecsass: aie Fase stanaeratse, $y “ so tanto 10 rent A9.4 .F-Distribution (Fisher distribution) ‘Tae 9 085 cumeei Fca n Te 8) room Re Le iH FeO seone 2 onal i roma ae 22, VePe PEED >0, ‘ resioaen iD goa : ns an a eee eee ten i: $097 ae ‘ras igae eigen Ser ral ret et Ppt typ [= [at woe [om [oe oa | om [an Y BiB ee Be Se EL fyersteysl2 sl ale $ |S) |e sae | i] 3] 3) 3] 2] 3 2) 8] 3 eared Cm erreeee whe fe A9.6 Gamma function Feebs ato wiitih=1 Spec vues: MO TED, MMT, Peden Facet: anata ientM, evel rere, ret) etn: wahetacwmtern “erate Gane nt reneptene, nao ap rere) A9.7 Laplace Transform Dain fo jewnoa msn, pri crsin Fo] eae eA o=m sneer: Re Roe a hg ne ai Sy “ate roti eat Te So = | een Boake Jrue-sa mse 0 ja) A9.8 Probability Charts | iribtin tancton peu a a sgh whe ptt on palit hat etapa ts fry Te wea aby chars snl he mae and ‘Senn of dts prof le mee ee opera i Ie {eating be baring Weta nl naman: e gen (econ AFL ere ato te Weal phy cha. {4981 LoymormalProbaitty Chart ‘Teta sn (46100) tage M00 a tonciafle TF ege f Fa ee nero spear a eg ie nthe et fF. A. (hin. Fo erases a om A og it ‘A982 Welbol Probability Chart ee en {Sight in on he hf Fig A92 (hia so Appendix AL fr 2 ‘henna, need, Bappemsn ele tab ‘envy one eae ee Pps. AB2, 71248713). Lem ea : $8 Sessso50 23 255882 F 1 Tate " A983 Norm Probabitty Chart “Te satin ston 5g 6.105) spar pt ine nthe tai. ote e EEEGESE aS ore A92. Namal yotety dt a) Acronyms ‘ean Stent Co le 81500 bene ae cc uy et a Ling NAA Sees Sane eo comisiyaetememcsst SEN mtorr rome $B Quay sme ue en Cee Gey SSS aioe Sram nem es Sache SSO bane rome NT ae ian Sioa Sitar teeta na ey wc tee NPR SES CHAO Steam botanni Vons DF Soeiecegenat oer SPEEA oan References rho) 1 Basie Concepts, Hoke Devdupmen, Quality and Relay Assurance "is ee one Se ay oc i Som lg sect ct ep hes eee on Bebo tet eee emo eee TEER, Spt ut Ante IE Rel Sa EEE Trt, 10 ‘Eesti Pregnant BES eee crie ake gmat tap ie Wt nar Qoirny ed 9 mea SE eee ee Se ee err ia er om etre 2 Relaby Anata ay Tai 1 Sp tn ti ct - ———™rtéi“Você também pode gostarFear: Trump in the White House No EverandFear: Trump in the White HouseBob WoodwardNota: 3.5 de 5 estrelas3.5/5 (738)A Man Called Ove: A Novel No EverandA Man Called Ove: A NovelFredrik BackmanNota: 4.5 de 5 estrelas4.5/5 (4609)A Heartbreaking Work Of Staggering Genius: A Memoir Based on a True Story No EverandA Heartbreaking Work Of Staggering Genius: A Memoir Based on a True StoryDave EggersNota: 3.5 de 5 estrelas3.5/5 (231)RevistasPodcastsPartiturasThe Sympathizer: A Novel (Pulitzer Prize for Fiction) No EverandThe Sympathizer: A Novel (Pulitzer Prize for Fiction)Viet Thanh NguyenNota: 4.5 de 5 estrelas4.5/5 (119)Never Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On It No EverandNever Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On ItChris VossNota: 4.5 de 5 estrelas4.5/5 (838)Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America No EverandDevil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New AmericaGilbert KingNota: 4.5 de 5 estrelas4.5/5 (265)The Little Book of Hygge: Danish Secrets to Happy Living No EverandThe Little Book of Hygge: Danish Secrets to Happy LivingMeik WikingNota: 3.5 de 5 estrelas3.5/5 (399)Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance No EverandGrit: The Power of Passion and PerseveranceAngela DuckworthNota: 4 de 5 estrelas4/5 (587)The World Is Flat 3.0: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century No EverandThe World Is Flat 3.0: A Brief History of the Twenty-first CenturyThomas L. 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