2013/2014

Mathematics Project (TERM2) Conic section

Hamdan Abdulla Mohamed A.Eabayyed Dhanhani
Grade: 12-4 ID: at1001432

ATHS Mr.Abdulsalam

Students will interpret their understanding of applications of the conic sections. Students will use technology for research and communication: wiki/blog. Students will present their findings to the class through digital Media (Video/Booklet).

This project covers the application of topics in conic sections; students will Apply the concepts and theorems they have learned on circles, parabolas, ellipses and hyperbolas.

Moreover students will be able to apply their knowledge in relation to various Engineering problems.

Part 1: Parabola: i) Three real life application pictures representing the parabola.

Even while playing angry bird the bird move in a parabola

Even while playing angry bird the bird move in a parabola

Here we can see a parabola in still object

ii) To hear what athletes are saying on the field or on the course, sports reporters use microphones with parabolic shields to concentrate the sound at a microphone. For optimum audio reception, the microphone should be placed at the focus of this parabola. Determine the coordinates of the focus, then write the equation of the parabola. (Hint: Write an equation for a parabola based on ordered pairs.) lets consider the vertex on the origin point (0,0) One of the points is ( 0.75 , 2.5 ) the parabola is open to the right so the general formula is ( Find a ( ( ) ) )

Find the focus ( )

( (

) )

Final parabola equation ( ( ) )

Part 2: Solar System:

The elliptical orbit of Pluto has the greatest eccentricity among all planets of our solar system ( = 0.248). Plutos orbit has the sun at one focus and a major axis of 79.6 AU (astronomical units). Consider Plutos orbit on a giant coordinate grid where x and y are measured in AU and the sun is at the origin. (As shown in the figure above)

A)

Use the length of the major axis to determine a.

B)

Use the eccentricity and to determine the focal radius . (Round to 2 decimal places.)

C)

Write an equation of the form (Find first.)

to model Plutos orbit.

Finding b

Write the general formula ( ( ( ) ) ) ( ( ( ) ) )

D)

The perigee is when the Pluto is closest to the sun. The apogee is when it is furthest from the sun. What are the distances from the sun at these points?

The nearest and the furthest point will be on the vertices V1 & V2 The furthest point apogee on the V1 so we have to add the distance between the sun and the center c and the distance between the center and V1 a.

The nearest point perigee is on the V2 so we have to find the distance from the sun to V2 which is a c.

Part 3 Bridge:

Mohamed and Salim study a drawing of an ornamental bridge such as the one shown at the right. It shows an elliptical arch that spans a narrow strait of water. The arch they are studying can be modeled by the following formula

1. Mohamed wants to know the dimensions of the arch

a. Which term in the equation defines the horizontal axis? The major axis 2a is always bigger than the minor axis 2b the big number is under x wish mean a is under x and this shows a horizontal formula. b. Write a comparative statement to show whether the major axis of the arch is horizontal or vertical.

Horizontal The square root of a half the major axis is under x and it is always the bigger number where The square root of b half the minor axis is under y and it is always the smaller number.

Vertical The square root of a half the major axis is under y and it is always the bigger number where The square root of b half the minor axis is under x and it is always the smaller number.

c. Mohamed says that the width of the bridge is 13.5 feet. Is he correct? Explain.

His number is correct because the

we have is 182.25 so a = 13.5

d. Write an expression for the height of the bridge.

2.Salim notes that this bridge is hardly high enough to pass under while standing up in a moderate-size boat. If he were to build a bridge, it would be at least 1.3 times as wide and twice as high.

A. Find the vertices and co-vertices of Salims bridge design.

We will multiply the a we have by 1.3 and the b by 2

Because the vertices depend on the length of a and the co-vertices depend on b they will change to. ( ( ( ( ) ) ) ) ( ( ( ( ) ) ( ) ) ( ( ( ) ) ) )

b. Write an equation for the design of Salims bridge using his minimum dimensions.

We doubled the height and multiplied the width by 1.3 so the ellipse has been vertical. ( ( ) ) ( ) ( ( ( ) ) )

Part 4: Application
A cross-section of a parabolic reflector is shown in the figure. The bulb is located at the focus and the opening at the focus is 10 cm

i. Find an equation of the parabola. Find a | | | |

Lets say that point V is the vertex and it is on the origin ( h , k ) = ( 0 , 0 ) where as h=0 k=0 ( ( ) )

ii. Find the diameter of the opening |CD|, 11 cm from the vertex.

The diastase 11cm from the vertex got two points D and C they are in the same xaxis line by different y-axis lines Find the 'Y's

The two points are ( 11 , 110 ) and ( 11 , - 110 ) Now we can find the distance between the two points It is not necessary to use the full distance formula because when subtract the 'X's they will give you zero so subtracting the 'Y's is enough | ( | )

Part 5
In the LORAN (LOng RAnge Navigation) radio navigation system, two radio stations located at A and B transmit simultaneous signals to a ship located at P. The onboard computer converts the time difference in receiving these signals into a distance difference , and this, according to the definition of a hyperbola, locates the ship on one branch of a hyperbola (see the figure).

Suppose that station B is located 400 mi due east of station A on a coastline.

A ship received the signal from B 1200 microseconds (ms) before it received the signal from A. (a) Assuming that radio signals travel at a speed of 980 ft/ms, find an equation of the hyperbola on which the ship lies.

so From the hyperbola definition

Center is ( 0 , 0 ) so Point A should be ( -200 , 0 ) and Point B ( 200 , 0 ) And c should be 200

Finalize the general equation

( ) ( )

( (

) )

(b) If the ship is due north of B, how far of the coastline is the ship?

Finding y

y=