Lora Kelly

Science

Standards: S6.A.1.2.1: o Use evidence, observations, or explanations to make inferences about changes in systems over time S6-8.A.3.2: o Apply knowledge of models to make predictions, draw inferences, or explain concepts S6-8.A9.3.1: o Understand how theories are developed. Design and conduct a scientific investigation S7.A.1.2: o Identify and explain the impacts of applying scientific, environmental, or technological knowledge to address solutions to practical problems Goals/Objectives: Students will be able to work in groups to examine water in ice cube trays, as well as compare the pH of the millionaires cola and Alfredos cola using a pH chart Students will use both observation and pH tests to determine whether the water in the tray differs from regular tap water Students will use both observation and pH tests to determine whether the millionaires cola differs from Alfredos cola Materials: Folder with data sheet Pencil/pen 1 cup of tap water 3 cups of cola (two regular, one with 1/8 tsp of baking soda) Ice cube tray from crime scene 1 roll of pH paper with color-coded pH chart Metric ruler Lesson Plan: Hook (5minutes): As we know from Alfredos statement, both Alfredo and Mr. Monei were drinking cola from cups. Luckily, we were able to preserve both of their cups with a bit of cola left in them. As some of you had hypothesized previously, Mr. Moneis cola may have had something put in it. Today we are going to test that theory. Along with testing the cola, we are going to test the puddle of melted ice cubes that was found at the scene of the crime. Was something added to the ice cube water? We are going to check the pH and find out if its different from regular tap water. Body (25minutes): Students will be split into two their pre-selected groups o Two groups will perform cola pH test first

Lora Kelly o

Science

Two groups will perform ice cube tray pH test first Groups will switch after about 12/13minutes Cola test: o Each group will be given three cups: two of regular cola and one of cola with baking soda mixed in One regular cola cup will be labeled as a control, the other will be labeled as Alfredos cola The cola with baking soda will be labeled as Mr. Moneis o The group will need three pH strips for testing o Dip the paper in the control cola cup Match the color of the wet paper with the colors on the pH chart On the data sheet, each student will need to mark down the pH number, and whether it is an acid, neutral, or base o Throw away the used pH paper in the trash o Repeat the testing steps for both Mr. Moneis cola and Alfredos cola Ice cube tray test o Each group will be given a cup of tap water as well as an ice cube tray with water and baking soda mixture o Dip the pH paper in the cup of tap water (this will be the control) Math the color of the wet paper with the colors on the pH chart On the data sheet, each student will need to mark down the pH number, and whether it is an acid, neutral, or base o Throw away the used pH paper in the trash o Repeat the testing steps for the ice cube liquid Conclusion (10minutes): Have students record new observations and hypotheses on the lined paper provided in their folders Discuss: o Were you able to observe anything about the liquids prior to doing any pH testing? o What did you find about the different liquids that were tested? o Do these findings change your opinion about anything in the case? What changed and why? Accommodations: For students who may need extra support: o As there are 4-5 students in each group, there should be enough peer support o I will be available to walk around to each of the groups and give individual attention if needed For students who are finished early:

Lora Kelly o o

Science Ask students to begin recording observations and making new inferences about the evidence tested Students can also help others in their group if they are a bit ahead of the group

Anticipation of Student Responses: If a student becomes out-of-hand in the group, they will be asked to take a break o This is a school-wide management technique in which the students remove themselves from the group for roughly 15 seconds and return when calm Students will be arranged in groups with a range of grades, for behavior management as well as help if other students need it Assessment: Formal: o Students will hand in their worksheets for evaluation Evaluation will be of the students work in terms of whether or not they were able to use the pH chart to properly identify the pH number as well as whether it was found to be an acid, a base, or a neutral What can they conclude from the evidence after having tested it? Does this change your idea of what may have happened to Mr. Monei? Informal: o Students will engage in discussion: How will they use the new information to make inferences about who may have killed Mr. Monei? How will they decide what it means when there is conflicting evidence? Did each of the groups find conflicting information?