2009-02

Security Level: Internal Use

HUAWEI GSM GRFU Introduction

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ISSUE1.0

Wireless Case and Training

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

 This course mainly introduces the hardware

structure, function, configuration principle and data configuration of multi-carrier GRFU

(The GSM Radio Filter Unit ) of BTS3900 base

station.

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 Know the hardware principle and structure of GRFU. Master the typical configuration of GRFU. Master the data configuration of GRFU.

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Chapter 1 Principle and function of GRFU Chapter 2 Typical configuration of GRFU Chapter 3 Data configuration of GRFU

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Multi-Carrier Technology

The principle of multi-carrier technology: multiple carriers share one power amplifier and one RF channel.

Single-carrier Technology

Multi-carrier Technology

Features of multi-carrier technology.

Baseband pool replaced independent baseband unit. Improve the integration.

Digital IF combination replaced Analog RF combination. There isnt

combination loss.

Integration of part of RF front component and carrier frequency unit. Simplified BTS architecture.

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Introduction of GRFU
The GRFU performs modulation and demodulation between baseband

signals and RF signals, processes data, and combines and divides signals.
Implements the direct frequency conversion technique in the transmit channel,

modulates the baseband signals to GSM RF signals; then, sends the signals to
the antenna for transmission through the duplex filter after filtering, amplifying, and combining the RF signals. The combining can be performed as required.
Receives RF signals from the antenna and performs down-conversion,

amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, digital down-conversion, matched filtering.

Provides power control, reverse power detection. Provides frequency synthesis and loopback test. Generates the CPRI clock, recovers the CPRI clock of lost synchronization, and

detects alarms.
Provides the function of DPD/BPD.

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Introduction of GRFU
The main new features and functions of GRFU.
Inner Bias-Tee. Integration of feeder current to TMA. Provides Voltage Standing Wave Ration (VSWR) detection.

Provides power sharing. Improves the network coverage, reduces the interference

and power consumption and save the device cost.

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Introduction of GRFU
The main limitation of GRFU.
GRFU supports whole frequency band of PGSM 900MHz, high 45MHz

frequency band and low 45MHz frequency band of DCS1800MHz.

GRFU Whole 25MHz frequency band of 900MHz Low 45MHz of 1800MHz High 45MHz of 1800MHz DL 935-960MHz 1805-1850MHz 1835-1880MHz UL 890-915MHz 1710-1755MHz 1740-1785MHz

Instantaneous frequency bands of TX: M900:15MHz, M1800:15MHz. That

means the frequency interval of any two frequency in a RF channel must not more than15MHz. Instantaneous bandwidth of RX is 25MHz.
Power sharing doesnt support Concentric cell, Co-BCCH, IBCA, RAN sharing

while static power can support these functions.

If GRFU support power sharing, DTX, Power control III, intracell handover must

be open.
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Logical structure of the GRFU

The GRFU consists of the high-speed interface unit, signal

processing unit, power amplifier, and duplexer.

GRFU
high-speed interface unit

B B U

TX signal processing unit

PA TX/RXA TRX LNA LNA D U P RXB RX OUTA RX INB

CPRI

RX signal processing unit

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Ports on the panel of the GRFU

Size397.25mmh70.62mmw 305mmd

Weight10Kg Ports on the panel

Port Type
Port for transceiving RF signals CPRI CPRI0 CPRI1 Interconnection port for RF Receive signals Power supply port Monitoring port MON RJ45 connector RS485 Monitoringdebugging port. RX_OUTA PWR 3V3 power connector RX_INB QMA female connector SFP female connector Connecting to the BBU, or the upperlevel RFU during the cascading. Connecting to the lower-level RFU during the cascading. Input port of diversity signals in the antenna channel. Output port of diversity signals in the antenna channel. Feeding power.

Label
ANT_RXB ANT_TX/RXA

Connector Type
DIN connector

Description
Connecting to the antenna subsystem.

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Ports on the panel of the GRFU

Compare ports on the panel of GRFU with that of DRFU
Port Type Port for transceiving RF signals CPRI CPRI0 CPRI1 Interconnection port for RF Receive signals RX_OUTA lower RX_INB lower upper upper CPRI0 CPRI1 Rx_1 in Rx_1 out Rx_2 in Rx_2 out Monitoring port MON existence nonexistence upper lower GRFU ANT_TX/RXA ANT_RXB Relative position lower upper DRFU ANT1 ANT2 Relative position upper lower

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LEDs on the GRFU panel

LEDs on the GRFU panel
LED RUN Color Green Status ON OFF 1s ON, 1s OFF 0.2s ON, 0.2s OFF ALM Red 1s ON, 1s OFF OFF ACT Green ON OFF VSWR Red OFF ON CPRI0 Red/Green ON (green) ON (red) 1s ON, 1s OFF (red) CPRI1 Red/Green ON (green) ON (red) 1s ON, 1s OFF (red) Description The power input is normal, but the module is faulty. There is no power supply, or the module is faulty. The module is running properly. The software is being loaded to the module. A fault alarm is generated. No alarm is generated. The module is functional and is correctly connected to the BBU. The connection with the BBU is not set up. No VSWR alarm is generated. The VSWR alarm is generated on the ANT_TX/RX port. The CPRI link is normal. The interface module fails to receive signals. The CPRI link is out of lock. The CPRI link is normal. The interface module fails to receive signals. The CPRI link is out of lock.

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Chapter 1 Principle and function of GRFU Chapter 2 Typical configuration of GRFU Chapter 3 Data configuration of GRFU

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GRFU Application Scenarios

Basic configuration principle The DRFU and GRFU can be configured in the same cabinet. When the GRFU is configured, a single BTS3900/BTS3900A provides a maximum of 36 carriers with the maximum cell configuration of S12/12/12. In addition, a site configured with the BTS3900s can support a maximum of 72 carriers with the maximum cell configuration of S24/24/24.
One GRFU supports a maximum cell configuration of S6; two GRFUs

supports a maximum cell configuration of S12. To support the configuration larger than S12, multiple antenna systems are used.
One GRFU does not serve two cells. Each cell with a single antenna can be

configured with a maximum of two GRFUs.

GRFU supports 1-way TX and 2-way RX. Star, chain, and ring, are supported between the BBU and the GRFUs. When star and chain topology is adopted between the BBU and GRFUs, the

GRFU supports 3 levels of cascading in a chain and thus the BBU supports a maximum of 18 (6 x 3) GRFUs.
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Configuration principle Base on Limitation of GRFU

Frequency Assignment If the frequency interval of a cell is outside the range of 15MHz, 2 GRFUs can be considered to be used and the range of frequency for each GRFU also should be within15MHz. Generally, it is suggested that the number of carriers should be set to 2 GRFUs averagely if 2 GRFUs are used in a cell. For example: S8 should be configured as 4+4 when 2 GRFU are used. S7 should be configured as 3+4 when 2 GRFU are used. If theres limitation of frequency band, S8 also can be configured as 3+5 or 2+6.

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Configuration principle Base on Limitation of GRFU

Output power The output power for each cell must fulfil the requirement of network plan. When the specification doesnt fulfil the requirement, it can be improved by adding GRFUs. The output power of all the cell must be the same because power sharing is mutually exclusive with concentric cell. For example, S7 configured as 3+4 when 2 GRFUs are used. The output power of GRFU configured as 3 carriers must be the same as that of GRFU configured as 4 carriers.
Carrier of a cell GRFU number Carrier number for 2 GRFU Recommendation Output power Carrier number for 2 GRFU Supportability Output power 5 2 2+3 31W 1+4 27W 6 2 3+3 31W 2+4/1+5 27W/18W 7 2 3+4 27W 2+5/1+6 18W/16W 8 2 4+4 27W 3+5/2+6 18W/16W 9 2 4+5 18W 3+6 16W 10 2 5+5 18W 4+6 16W 11 2 5+6 16W 12 2 6+6 16W

Limitation of Output power

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Configuration principle Base on Limitation of GRFU

Frequency hopping Cell without frequency hopping. The cell can work normally when the range of frequency is within 15MHz for each GRFU. Cell with Baseband frequency hopping. The frequency range of 2 GRFUs must within 25MHz when 2 GRFUs are used. And the range of frequency also must be within 15MHz for each GRFU. Cell with RF frequency hopping. The cell cannot adopt RF frequency hopping if the range of frequency is out of 15MHz. Because the frequency range of 2 GRFUs must be within 15MHz when 2 GRFUs are used.

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Antenna Configuration Principles of GRFU

One dual-polarized antenna can serve a maximum of two GRFUs.
By default, RX diversity is adopted on the GSM network. That is, two

feeders connected to two single-polarized antennas or one dual-polarized antenna must be configured in a cell.
Each sector of the BTS must be configured with the minimum number of

antennas.
For the 2-way RX diversity, each sector has two antenna channels.

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Transmit Mode and Receive Mode of GRFU

Transmit Mode of GRFU
Non-combination

Receive Mode of GRFU

2-way RX diversity
1-way RX

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Output power of GRFU

The output power of different configuration is also configured differently.

Frequency bands PGSM 900MHz / GSM1800MHz

Configuration S1 S2

Output power GMSK/8PSK 80W/53W 40W/26W

S3
S4 S5 S6

31W/20W
27W/17W 18W/12W 16W/10W

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Typical configuration of GRFU

Single GRFU (S3-S6)

DOUBLE_ANTENNA (1TX+2RX)
When a dual-polarized antenna is
configured, one TX channel and two RX channels are supported. The ANT_RXB and ANT_TX/RXA ports receive the signals from the antenna to achieve RX diversity.

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Typical configuration of GRFU

Two GRFUs (S7-S12)

SINGLE_ANTENNA_DOUBLE_RECEIVER

(1TX + 2RX)
When the cell configuration is from S7 to
S12, two GRFUs need to be configured.
The ANT_TX/RXA port on each GRFU

supports the receiving and transmitting of signals. Two GRFUs provide RX signals for each other through the RF interconnection ports. Thus, the RX diversity is implemented.

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Typical configuration of GRFU

Single GRFU SINGLE_ANTENNA_SINGLE_RECEIVER

(1TX+1RX)
This scenario is mainly used in indoor coverage.
The ANT_TX/RXA port on GRFU supports the

receiving and transmitting of signals.

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Typical configuration of GRFU

Single GRFU DOUBLE_ANTENNA_SINGLE_RECEIVER

(1TX+1RX)
This scenario is mainly used in subway.
The ANT_TX/RXA port on GRFU supports

the transmitting of signals.

The ANT_RXB port on GRFU supports the

receiving of signals.

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Chapter 1 Principle and function of GRFU Chapter 2 Typical configuration of GRFU Chapter 3 Data configuration of GRFU

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Data configuration Based on MML

Data configuration of GRFU is similar with that of DRFU.
Start

Add BTS slave chain

Modify TRX Device Attribute

Add cell

Set other BTS Attribute

Add TRXGRFU End

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Add BTS
Command: ADD BTS BTS TYPE must set as BTS3900_GSM TRX Board Type

must set as GRFU Separate Mode must set asSupport RXU Chain Head Port No means BBU CPRI port number connected to GRFU.
Example:
ADD BTS: BTSIDX=0, BTSNAME="BTS3900", TYPE=BTS3900_GSM, UPNODE=BSC, SRN=0, SN=18, PN=0, MPMODE=MODE4_1, AST=ACTIVAED, DCIDX=0, ServiceMode=TDM, DCELLNAME="0", DCTYPE=GSM900, DCMCC="460", DCMNC="04", DCLAC=0557, DCCI=0001, DTRXIDX=0, CPLMode=SUPPORT, TRXBN=0, TRXTP=GRFU, TRXPN=0, FREQ=96, RXUName="0", RXUChainNo=0, RXUChainHeadPN=0, REVCFGRING=NO;

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Add BTS

BBU CPRI port number

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Add BTS Slave Chain

Command: ADD SLAVECHAIN Example:
ADD SLAVECHAIN: IDXTYPE=BYNAME, BTSNAME="BTS3900", INPN=1, DESTNODE=BSC, SRN=0, SN=18, PN=1;

Abis interface board port number

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Add Cell
Command: ADD CELL Example:
ADD CELL: IDXTYPE=BYNAME, BTSNAME="BTS3900", CELLNAME="cell-1", CTYPE=GSM900, AST=ACTIVAED, MCC="460", MNC="04", LAC=0557, CI=0001, TRXBN=1, TRXTP=GRFU, TRXPN2=0, TRXFREQ=88, RXUName="1", RXUChainNo=1, RXUChainHeadPN=1;

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Add Cell

BBU CPRI port number

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Add TRX
Command: ADD TRX Example:
ADD TRX: IDXTYPE=BYNAME, CELLNAME="cell-1", TRXBN=1, TRXTP=GRFU, TRXPN2=0, FREQ=88, RXUName="1", RXUChainNo=1, RXUChainHeadPN=1;

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Modify TRX Device Attribute

Command: MOD TRXDEV
Example:
MOD TRXDEV: IDXTYPE=BYNAME, CELLNAME="cell-1", TRXBN=1, TRXPN=0, POWL=10, POWT=DEFAULT, RCVMD=MAINDIVERSITY, SNDMD=DIVERSITY;

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Operation and Maintenance Command

Set RXU AttributesSET RXUCHAINPARA Modify name of RXU boardSET RXUNAME Query parameter of RXU boardLST RXUBP Query Attributes of RXU linkLST RXUCHAINPARA

Query topology structure of RXU link LST RXUCHAINTPLGY

Set breakpoint of RXU link SET BREAKPOINT Combine two RXU links to a ringCBN RXUCHAIN Set breakpoint SET BREAKPOINT Split ring to a link: SPT RXUCHAIN

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Thank you
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