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Japanese Language Class 09/03/2009 (Keisuke)

・to like/dislike

Key sentences:
わたしは いぬが すきです。
Watashiwa inuga sukidesu
(I like dogs.)

わたしは さかなが きらいです。


Watashiwa sakanaga kiraidesu.
(I dislike fish.)

w a g a s u k i k i r a i d e s u
はYが すき/きらいです
Xは きらいです。 X likes/dislikes Y.

すき(な)(to like, to be fond of) and きらい(な)(to dislike) are な-adjectives. The meaning
of these adjectives is relational in the sense that you need a person who likes/dislikes
something/someone, i.e., the subject, and a person or thing that is liked/disliked, i.e., the
object. Note that the object of these な-adjectives is marked with が (but not with を).

Conjugation pattern of な-adjectives (similar to that of です “be”)


Affirmative negative
Present すきです すきじゃありません
Past すきでした すきじゃありませんでした

きらいです (dislike) ≒すきじゃありません (do not like)


Instead of using きらいです, you can indirectly say すきじゃありません。

Exercise1: Make up question sentences by using the following vocabularies and answer the
questions.
a n a t a w a s a k a n a g a s u k i d e s u k a
ex) A: あなたは さかなが すきですか。

h a i s u k i d e s u i i e s u k i j a a r i m a s e n
B: はい、すきです。/ いいえ、すきじゃありません。

e e g a
① えいが (film)

d o k u s h o
② どくしょ (reading books)
s u p o o t s u
③スポーツ (sports)

r y o o r i
④りょうり(cooking)

d o n n a
どんな + noun what kind of N

a n a t a w a d o n n a o n g a k u g a s u k i d e s u k a
あなたは どんなおんがくが すきですか。What kind of music do you like?

w a t a s h i w a r o k k u g a s u k i d e s u
わたしは ロックがすきです。I like rock music.

Exercise2: Answer the following questions.

あなたは
t a b e m o n o t a b e m o n o
① どんなたべものがすきですか。(たべもの:food)

s u p o o t s u s u p o o t s u
② どんなスポーツがすきですか。(スポーツ:sports)

e e g a e e g a
③ どんなえいががすきですか。(えいが:film)

h i t o h i t o
④ どんなひとがすきですか。(ひと:person)

The two types of adjectives, namely い-adjectives and な-adjectives, are named after its
forms of modifying nouns.
い-adjectives: な-adjectives:
k a r a i t a b e m o n o h e r u s h i i n a t a b e m o n o
からいたべもの spicy food ヘルシーなたべもの healthy food

y a s a s h i i h i t o h a n s a m u n a h i t o
やさしいひと a kind person ハンサムなひと a handsome person

k o w a i e e g a s h i z u k a n a e e g a
こわいえいが scary movies しずかなえいが quiet movies

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