FORMULA SHEET

a) The solution of the following problem : 2 2 u 2 u = c x2 t2 u(0, t) = u(L, t) = 0, t u(x, 0) = f (x) ut (x, 0) = g (x), x [0, L] for a string of length L is u(x, t) =
n1 Bn cos(n t) + Bn sin(n t) sin

nx , L

with n = Bn =

cn , L

2 L nx f (x) sin dx , n = 1, 2, . . . and L 0 L L 2 nx Bn = dx, n = 1, 2, . . . g (x) sin cn 0 L b) The solution of the following problem : u 2u = c2 2 t x u (0 , t ) = u(L, t) = 0 u(x, 0) = f (x) for a thin metal bar of length L is nx n 2 t u(x, t) = Bn sin e , L n1 with cn L 2 L nx Bn = f (x) sin dx, n = 1, 2, . . . L 0 L n = c) The solution of the following equation : following rectangle R
1

2u 2u + = 0 in the x2 y 2

FORMULA SHEET

such that u(x, y ) = f (x) on the upper side and 0 on the other sides of R , is :

u(x, y ) =
n1

Bn sin

nx ny sinh , a a

nb 0 a d) The solution of the following problem a sinh

with Bn =

f (x) sin

nx dx, n=1,2,. . . a

2 2 2u u 2 u = c + 2 x2 y 2 t u = 0 on the boundary u(x, y, 0) = f (x, y ) u (x, y, 0) = g (x, y ) t

considered in the following rectangular membrane :

FORMULA SHEET

is u(x, y, t) =
m1 n1

Bmn cos(mn t)+Bmn sin(mn t) sin

mx ny sin , a b

with Bmn 4 = ab
b 0 0 b 0 a

f (x, y ) sin

= Bmn

4 abmn m2 a2

mx ny sin dxdy a b a mx ny g (x, y ) sin sin dxdy a b 0

and mn = c

n2 , m = 1, 2, . . . and n = 1, 2, . . . b2

Laplace transform 1 a) L{1} = s b) L{tn } = c) L{eat } = n! sn+1 , n = 1, 2, 3, . . . 1 sa s2

k + k2 s e) L{cos(kt)} = 2 s + k2 f ) L{f (t a)U (t a)} = eas F (s), where F (s) = L{f (t)}. g ) If f , f ,. . .,f (n1) are continuous on [0, ) and if f (n) (t) is piecewise continuous on [0, ), then d) L{sin(kt)} = L{f (n) (t)} = sn F (s) sn1 f (0) sn2 f (0) . . . f (n1) (0), where F (s) = L{f (t)}.