Applied Instrumentation Lab

Experiment No. 4

8EI7

Object: - Plot V-I and P-I Characteristics of (LED) Light Emitting Diode. Apparatus: LED Trainer module with bread board, 1K Resistor, Voltmeter, Ammeter Theory: - A Light Emitting Diode (LED) is a semiconductor diode mode by creation of
junction of n type and p type material. Thus the principle of LED action works precisely the same way that we described the creation of permanent light radiation. Alternatively w can say that the external energy provided by V excites electrons at the conduction band to the valence band and recombine with hole. The net result is the light radiation. It consists of an encapsulated chip of semiconductor diode with a suitable lens. The length of ano de terminal is greater than cathode terminal. LEDs are based on the semiconductor diode. When the diode is forward biased (switched on), electrons are able to recombine with holes and ener gy is released in the form of light. This effect is called electroluminescence and the color of the light is determined by the energy gap of the semiconductor. The LED is usually small in area (les s than 1 mm2) with integrated optical components to shape its radiation pattern and assist in refle ction.

Fig. 1.1 Working Principle of LED

Procedure: - Forward Bias

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Construct the equipment as shown in the figure Set the bias selection switch in forward bias position Set the fiber cable between LED and PD Now set bias control Pot in particular level(-0.6) Step by step vary the LED intensity bias control POT. Increases the voltage applied to diode gradually in steps and note the ammeter and voltmeter readings.

Global Technical Campus, Jaipur

Page 1

Applied Instrumentation Lab

7. Now find the current flowing through photodiode by using below formula I = Voltage across points P1 and P2 / 1 K 8. Plot the graph between voltage across power and current Reverse Bias 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Construct the equipment as shown in the figure Set the bias selection switch in reverse bias position Vary the POT2 to max level ie., high intensity in LED Set the fiber cable between LED and PD Now step by step increase the bias control voltage in 1.28V to 5V Note down voltage across photo diode VPD and voltage across resistor VR Now find the current flowing through photodiode by using below formula I = Voltage across points P1 and P2 / 1 K 8. Plot the graph between voltage across photodiode VPD and current.

8EI7

Fig. 1.2 Circuit Diagram

Global Technical Campus, Jaipur

Page 2

Applied Instrumentation Lab

8EI7

Fig. 1.3 V-I Characteristics of LED

Observation: S. N. Voltage across resistor 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Voltage across LED Current through resistor Current through LED

Result: - Thus we have plotted the V-I and P-I Characteristics of LED.

Global Technical Campus, Jaipur

Page 3