The Omnivores Dilemma Chapter #4- The Feedlot (Making Meat) Name: ___________Chau Vu_________________________ 1: Pg.

65- The corn plant has colonized how much of the American continent? -> 120,000 square miles 2: Pg. 66-67- How have Americas food animals undergone a revolution in lifestyle? -> The animals left widely dispersed farms to live in densely populated new animal cities. 3: Pg. 67- What is a CAFO? -> Concentrated Animal Feed Operation 4: Pg. 67- What happened to the all of the farmland once the animals left? Where did all of the corn go? -> They grown more corn. The corn went to places such as paddocks, pastures and barnyards that used to be animal territory. 5: Pg. 68- What is the idea of a closed ecological loop? -> Waste ceases to exist. 6: Pg. 68- What are the two main problems with animal feedlots? -> Animal feedlots cause fertility where it must be remedied with chemical fertilizers, and it creates a pollution problem. 7. Pg 70- What is the coevolutionary relationship between cows and grass? Explain. -> The cow and the grass one of natures underappreciated wonders. It maintains the grass by preventing trees and shrubs from taking all of the sunlight. The grass then supplies lunch for the cow. 8. Pg. 71- Why would pastures become the great American desert without ruminant animals? -> Because without cattle, the pastures wouldn't be able to grow any crops in the arid regions where it required a large amounts of irrigation, chemicals, and erosion. 9. Pg. 71- What gets a steer from 80 to 1,000 pounds in just 14 months? -> The tremendous quantities of corn, protein and fat supplements and an arsenal of new drugs. 10. Pg. 71- Why is weaning the calves the most traumatic time on the ranch? -> The cows that are separated for weaning causes the calves to mope and bellow for days. 11. Pg. 73- What is the only reason contemporary animal cities arent as plague-ridden or pestilential as their medieval human counterparts?

-> Because of the modern antibiotic. 12. Pg. 73- So if the modern CAFO is a city built upon commodity corn, it is a city afloat on an invisible sea of __Petroleum____ 13. Pg. 75- Why is corn fed meat less healthy for us? -> Because humans have not adapted to ruminants that eat corn. These ruminants also had to adapt to eating corn. 14. Pg. 75- What practice of feeding cows led to the Mad Cow Disease? -> Feeding cow parts back to cows. 15. Pg. 77- How are we choosing which cows we want to select to breed? -> Based on eating a large amount of corn they would eat and if they can efficiently convert it to a protein without getting sick. 16. Pg. 77- What is the #1 ailment found with cows fed on corn? Why- explain. -> The #1 ailment found with cows fed on corn are bloat. The fermentation in the rumen produces copious amounts of gasm which is normally expelled by belching during rumination. 17. Pg. 78- What is acidosis and what does it cause in the cow? -> This is when the stomach of animal is acidic and it cause the cow to go off their feet, pant and salivate excessively and eat dirt. 18. Pg. 78- What percentage of cows at slaughterhouses is found to have abscessed livers? -> About 15% and 30% 19. Pg. 78- What is the leading causes of the evolution of antibiotic resistant superbugs? -> Antibiotics that end up in animal feeds 20. Pg. 79- What chemicals are found in the manure lagoon on CAFOs? -> Nitrogen and phosphorus, heavy metals, hormone residue and persistent chemicals. 21. Pg. 80- How many pounds of corn does it take to make 4 pounds of beef? What is the ratio for chicken? -> It takes 32 pounds of corn to make 4 pounds of beef. The ratio for chicken is 2:1, or 8:4. 22. Pg. 82- How has the new strain of E. Coli (O157: H7) evolved and what is the problem with it? How can this problem be fixed? -> The new strain of E. Coli has evolved to have a new acidic-resistance. 25. Pg. 83- How much of Americas petroleum usage goes to producing and transporting our food?

-> 1/5 26. Pg. 84- If a cow reaches his full weight- how much oil will he have consumed in lifetime? -> The cow would have consumed 35 gallons of oil to reach his full weight. 27. Pg. 84- You are what you eat is a truism hard to argue with, and yet it is, as a visit to a feedlot suggests, incomplete, for you are what what you eat eats, too. And what we are, or have become, is not just meat but number 2 corn and oil- Discuss. -> It means we are not only eating cow, but we are eating a whole food chain of it. What the cow consumed in its lifetime, we are eating it. The cow would have consumed 35 gallons of oil and hundreds or thousands of pounds of corn, we are eating it all. And so on, if we are what we eat, then we are eating meat, oil, and corn, and all the things that we consumed in our lifetime.