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Narration For Presentation
PRESENTED BY:
CHERYL DEPAOLO, NI KA DARYOO,
PEGGY EI GHMI E- HUGGI NS, CHRI S COUCH
College Readiness Programs
Students Are Not Prepared For College
Nearly one in three high school graduates who took the ACT
tests are not ready for entry-level college courses in English,
reading, math or science
Of the 1.8 million high school graduates who took the ACT in
2013, only 26 percent reached the college readiness
benchmarks in all four subjects. Another 27 percent met two
or three of the benchmarks, and 16 percent met just one.
Most states as a whole are also largely unprepared. In only
two states (Minnesota and Wisconsin) did more than half of
the high school graduates meet three or more of the ACT
benchmarks, and no state had more than 56 percent of ACT-
tested students doing so. And in five states (Louisiana,
Mississippi, Tennessee, Kentucky and North Carolina), fewer
than one-third of students met three or four benchmarks.
According to the National Center for Academic
Statistics (NCES), approximately 20% of first
year undergraduate students self-reported
taking remedial courses in 2007-08
Why Are Students Unprepared?
Why are Students Unprepared?
Students often don't advance beyond a middle-
school reading level, both in and outside the
classroom.
Students who naturally do well in school were never
forced to develop good study skills, which leaves
them unprepared to absorb new information.
Studies conducted conclude that high school
instruction is not engaging and rigorous to prepare
even more intellectual students for college.
Reasons Why High-School Students are Not
Prepared for College
Grade inflation

Students keep getting passing grades throughout the
K-12 system

College preparation curriculum is not offered in all
high-schools

Students are not provided with the guidance of the
college process

Grade Inflation
Definition from ACT: an increase in students
grades without an accompanying increase in their
academic achievement
Teachers might feel like they need to be nicer to
students when grading so that students will be able
to be accepted into college
High school grades have inflated by 12.5% since 1991
to 2003
Doesnt allow colleges to measure how well a student
will do (an important criteria for admissions)
Passed on Through K-12 system
Students keep getting passed each grade year/class
regardless of their need for remedial education
For instance, a study found that only 25% of 8
th

grade students in the state of New York, were at the
8
th
grade level
Without remedial education earlier on in their
educational journey, it makes it harder to provide
remedial education and correct the problem
It was found that only 26% of students taking the
ACT demonstrated readiness for college in all four
subjects (English, Math, Reading and Science)
College Prep Curriculum

College prep curriculum is to give high-school students
the knowledge and skills to be successful in college
A study has found that only 26% of high-school students
that took the core curriculum courses are ready for college
It has been found that some high-schools do not even
offer the option of a college prep curriculum to its
students
The expectations of college do not align with the P-12
expectations
The focus on standards-based teaching in high-school
doesnt provide quality preparation for college and
teachers are not held accountable for college
preparedness




High-School Counselors for Assistance into
College
Students might not have that one-on-one time with
their guidance counselors. Some counselors are
responsible for hundreds of students
An average counselor is responsible for 476 students
Counselors might not have the right or advanced
knowledge of colleges and the admissions process
Some students do not have anybody but their high-
school guidance counselors to talk about college due
to being first-generation students, but sometimes are
not able to access their counselors

ACT Readiness Report
The report findings suggest the following:
Being better prepared academically for college improves
a students chances of completing a college degree.
Using multiple measures of college readiness better
informs the likelihood of a student persisting and
succeeding in college.
College readiness reduces gaps in persistence and degree
completion among racial/ethnic and family income
groups.
Early monitoring of readiness is associated with
increased college success.

What Makes A Student College
Ready?
Key Skills Needed For College
Cognitive Strategies
Colleges expect their students to think about what they learn.
Content Knowledge
College professors emphasize the importance of students making
connections among big ideas that should have been grasped in high
school. If the content is structured properly post-secondary education
can build on these basic ideas.
Self-Management Skills
Students are thrown massive amounts of information and have to
organize this information to meet competing deadlines and priorities,
without self-management skills this cannot be accomplished
Knowledge About Post-Secondary Education
The ability of students to navigate through the rigors of college including
financial aid, college, life, and maybe doing their laundry is specialized
knowledge that sometimes in forgotten in preparation for college.


What Should High Schools Do To
Prepare Students For College?
Principles High Schools Should Incorporate
Into A College Readiness Curriculum
Create and Maintain a College-Going Culture

Align the Core Academic Program with College
Readiness Standards

Teach Key Self-Management Skills

Prepare Students for the Complexity of Applying to
College



According to Barnett (2012), College
readiness partnership programs are one
way to attempt to bridge the disconnect
between the K-12 and postsecondary
education systems.
What Programs are Available to
Prepare Students for College?
Texas Programs
Academic Focused Programs

Summer Bridge Programs

School Year Transition Programs

Senior Year Transition Programs

Early Assessment/Intervention Programs

University of North Georgia
Summer Bridge
K-12 Outreach
Summer Scholars Institute
Increase retention and prevent dropouts
Improve academic skills
Promote interest and strength in language arts,
math, and science
Provide knowledge for exploring career options
Increase college awareness
Provide exposure to positive role-models
Provide recreational and cultural activities
Encourage parental involvement


University of Pennsylvania
Community School Student Partnerships (CSSP) is a
student organization that provides academic and
cultural enrichment to children and families in West
Philadelphia neighborhoods.

Small group instruction
Tutoring
Mentoring

University of Southern California
Neighborhood Academic Initiative

NAI is rigorous, seven-year pre-college enrichment program
designed to prepare low-income neighborhood students for
admission to a college or university
NAI offers enhanced classes at USC on weekday mornings, the
Saturday Academy, after-school tutoring, remedial and enrichment
sessions, workshops on time management and study skills, PSAT and
SAT1 preparation, cultural field trips and recreational activities
Scholars in the program also receive peer tutoring and cooperative
learning activities maximize opportunities for scholars to learn from
one another and reinforce the knowledge they have gained
Minneapolis Community & Technical College
MCTC has a K-12 Connections Program that helps
high school students prepare for college and explore
careers through seminars such as the following:

Jump Start to College

Concurrent Enrollment

PSEO

Power-of-YOU
Other Programs
Upward Bound Math-Science

AVID (Advancement Via Individual
Determination)

College Now

Early Assessment Program (EAP)

Success is to be measured not so much by the position that one has
reached in life as by the obstacles which he has overcome.


References


About College Now. (n.d.). Retrieved April 11, 2014, from College Now Achieve in High School. Succeed in
College: http://collegenow.cuny.edu/about-college-now/
Barnett, E. A., Corrin, W., Nakanishi, A., Bork, R. H., Mitchell, C., & Sepanik, S. (2012). Preparing High
School Students for College An Exploratory Study of College Readiness Partnership Programs in
Texas. National Center for Postsecondary Research.
California Dept of Education. (n.d.). Retrieved April 11, 2014, from Early Assessment Program:
http://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/gs/ps/eapindex.asp
National Center for Educational Statistics First Year Undergraduate Remedial Coursetaking: 1999-
2000, 2003-04, 2007-08. (n.d.). Retrieved April 11, 2014, from Statistics in Brief:
http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2013/2013013.pdf
Netter Center for Community Partnerships University of Pennsylvania. (n.d.). Retrieved April 11, 2014,
from Community School Student Partnerships:
https://www.nettercenter.upenn.edu/programs/community-school-student-partnerships
(2013). Readiness Matters: The Impact of College Readiness on College Persistence and Degree
Completion. ACT, Inc.
Summer Programs. (n.d.). Retrieved April 11, 2014, from www.ung.edu: http://ung.edu/university-
college/summer-programs/index.php
The Potential of Career and College Readiness and Exploration in Afterschool Programs . (n.d.).
Retrieved April 11, 2014, from The Expanded Learning and Afterschool Project:
http://www.expandinglearning.org/expandingminds/article/potential-career-and-college-readiness-
and-exploration-afterschool-programs
What is AVID? (n.d.). Retrieved April 11, 2014, from AVID Decades of College Dreams:
http://www.avid.org/abo_whatisavid.html
www.ung.edu. (n.d.). Retrieved April 11, 2014, from K-12 Outreach : http://ung.edu/academic-
transitions/k-12-outreach.php


References

Are high school grades inflated?. (2005). Retrieved from
https://www.act.org/research/policymakers/pdf/issues.pdf
Arenson, K. (2007, May 16). Study finds college-prep courses in high school leave many
students lagging . The New York Times. Retrieved from
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/16/education/16report.html?_r=2&ref=education&oref=sl
ogin&
Brown, E., & Bui, L. (2013, August 21). Just 26 percent of act test-takers are prepared for
college. The Washington Post. Retrieved from
http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/just-26-percent-of-act-test-takers-are-
prepared-for-college/2013/08/21/a99fba0e-0a81-11e3-8974-f97ab3b3c677_story.html
Nauer, K., & Tainsh, P. (2013, September 26). Creating college ready communities: Preparing
nyc's precarious new generation of college students . Retrieved from
http://www.newschool.edu/milano/nycaffairs/collegereportseptember2013.aspx
Thys, F. (2014, February 27). Why the best low-income students often dont apply to the most
competitive colleges. 90.9 WBUR. Retrieved from http://www.wbur.org/2014/02/27/low-
income-students-college-applications
Perkins-Gough, D. (2008, November 14). Special Report / Unprepared for College. Retrieved
April 14, 2014, from ASCD. Teach, Learn, Lead:
http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/nov08/vol66/num03/Unprepared-
for-College.aspx