Generic name Trade name Classification
levalbuterol Xopenex bronchodilators nebulization
Indications- bronchospasm due to reversible airway
disease (short-term control agent)
Mechanism of action- Relaxation of airway smooth
muscle with subsequent bronchodilation. Relatively
selective for beta-2 (pulmonary) receptors
Interactions with other patient drugs, OTC, or herbal
medicines- concurrent use or use within 2 wks of tricyclic
antidepressnats or MAOIs may increase risk of adverse
cardiovascular reactions; Beta-blockers; potassium-
losing diuretics; digoxin; hydrocarbon inhalation
anesthetics; cocaine; guarana; tea; coffee.
Route Time/Frequency Normal Dosage- 3x's daily - every 6-8
hours may be increased to 1.25mg 3x's
daily.
Contraindications/warnings/interactions- hypersensitivity to
levalbuterol or albuterol; cardiovascular disorders; history of seizures;
hypokalemia; hyperthroidism; diabetes; unusual sensitivity to
adrenergic amines; pregnancy; lactation; concurrent use or within 2
weeks of tricyclic antidepressants or MAOIs (may increase the reisk
of adverse cardiovascular reactions)
Common side effects- anxiety; dizziness; headache; nervousness;
increased cough; paradoxical bronchospasm; turbinate edema;
tachycardia; dyspepsia; hyperglycemia; hypokalemia.
Lab value alterations-
Nursing Considerations- assess lung sounds; pulse; blood pressure
before and during peak of medication; Note color and amount of sputum
produced; monitor pulmonary function tests before therapy; observe for
wheezing.
Why would you hold or not give Evaluation- prevention or relief
this med? If wheezing occurs of bronchospasm.
withhold medication and call doctor