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Prosthodontics

.................................................................................................................................... 4
.........................................4 "
................................................................................................................................... 4 ?
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............................................................................................................................ 5 -
..................................................................................................................5 1.
..................................................................................................................... 6 2.
....................................................................................................................... 13 3.
Marginal Integrity.........................................................................................14 4.
(Marginal Integrity).........................................................................................18 4.
.........................................................................................................19 5.

.................................................................................................................. 21
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................................................................. 34 )(
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.................................................................................................................... 37

PFD Indications............................................................................38 "


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.................................................................................................................................... 38
.................................................................................................................... 40
............................................................................................................................... 41

.......................................................................................................... 42
...................................................................................................................................... 43
............................................................................................................ 44
.............................................................................................................................. 44
Self Cure Acryl....................................................................................................................... 45
Heat Cure Acryl..................................................................................................................... 46

.................................................................... 48
External Surface Form.............................................................................................................. 48
Custom.................................................................................................................................. 48

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Preformed Crowns................................................................................................................. 50
Internal Surface Form................................................................................................................ 51
1. Indirect procedure.............................................................................................................. 51
2. Direct Procedure................................................................................................................ 51
3. Indirect Direct.................................................................................................................... 52

.................................................................................................................. 53
........................................................................................................................... 54
.......................................................................................................................... 54
.................................................................................................................... 57
............................................................................................................................... 61

.....................62 ,
Impression Trays...................................................................................................62
.....................................................................................62 "

..................................................................................... 64
.................................................................................................................. 65
Two Step Putty-Wash......................................................................................................... 66
' One Step.......................................................................................................67
Mono Phase.......................................................................................................................... 67
.........................................................................................68 Copper Ring
.................................................................................................................. 68 -

....................................................................................................................... 71
Die Preparations......................................................................................................................... 75
.........................................................................................75
-Pindex....................................................................................................................... 75
-Di-Lock Tray.............................................................................................................. 77

.................................................................................................................................. 79
.......................................................................................................................... 79
.....................................................................................80 ) (
................................................................................................................................ 80
.................................................................................................................................... 81
...................................................................................................................................... 81
........................................................................................................................... 81
........................................................................................................................ 81
................................................................................................................................ 82
Pattern Wax........................................................................................................................... 82
Processing Wax..................................................................................................................... 83
Impression Wax..................................................................................................................... 83

.................................................................................................................. 85
...............................................88
......................................................................................................... 88
...............................................................................................89 2 ADA

............................................................................................ 90
Calcium Sulfate Bonded Investment......................................................................................90
Phosphate Bonded Investment............................................................................92

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Silica Bonded Investment......................................................................................93


......................................................................................................... 93 -
Sprue..................................................................................................................................... 93
Casting Ring Liners............................................................................................................... 95

...........................................98 '20
........................................................................................................................................... 98
..................................................................................................98
........................................................................................................................... 99
............................................................................................................................. 103
.................................................................................................104
...................................................................................................................... 104
................................................................................................................................... 105
.......................................................................................................................... 105
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...........................................................................................107
....................................................................................................................... 107
......................................................................................................................... 109
.......................................................................................................................... 109
..............................................................................109
............................................................................................................. 109
................................................................................110
..............................................................................................113 - HN
HN........................................................................................................................... 113
N.................................................................................................................... 115
....................................................................................................................... 118
- N....................................................................................118 HN
.....................................................................................119 -
............................................................................119 CAPTEK

Soldering................................................................................121
...............................................................................................124
......................................................................................................................... 125

.................................................................................................................................... 126
........................................................................................................................................... 126
..................................................................................................................................... 132
.......................................................................................................................... 133
....................................................................................................................... 133
............................................................................................................... 134
PFM............................................................................................................... 134 "
................................................................................................................. 134 -

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23.10.2006

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6.11.2006

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27.11.2006

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24

References:
1. Shillinburg 0 Fundamentals of fixed prosthodondics, 3rd edition.
2. Koidis et al (1981), Clinical crown contour: Contemporary view. JAVA 114:792-795.
3. Becker et al (1981), Current theories of crown contour, margin placement and pontic design.
JPD 44:268-277.
4. Anthony et al (1980), Current Controversies in axial contour design. JPD 44:536-539.
5. Ehrlich et al (1980), Alternation on crown contour-Effect on gingival health in man.

25

( )

4.12.2006


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29

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18.12.2006

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25.12.2006

" PFD Indications


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29.1.2007


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47

12.2.2006


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5.2.2007


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55

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57

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63

19.2.2007


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68

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71

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72

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73

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74

1.3.2007

Die Preparations
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75


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76

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77

)(

78

8.3.2007

.

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.Lost Wax Technique
.


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79

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80

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81

Pattern .
Processing .
Impression .

Pattern Wax

.Inlay Wax
.Casting Wax
.Baseplate Wax

Inlay Wax

, .Lost Wax Technique


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82

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Processing Wax

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83

. ,
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84

, :
15.3.07


, .


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: 0.4" , , .

Lost wax technique


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85


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86

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)(

87

31.5.2007


Lost Wax Technique
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. 3- :
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.3 .


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)(

88

Thermal Expansion .3
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.2 .Low Heat Technique
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ADA 2 3 :
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Type II ,
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)(

89

Binder Materials .2
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:
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7.6.2007


Calcium Sulfate Bonded Investment

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)(

91


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92

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)(

95

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97

25.6.2007

'20

3-:
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.
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)(

98


:
.1 .YIELD STRENGTH -
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.4 .ELONGATION -
.5 .BURNISH ABILITY OR DUCATILITY -
.6 .CASTABILITY OR CASTING ACCURCY -
.7 .CREEP AND SAG RESISTANCE -
.8 PRE- AND POSTSOLDERING -
.9 DENSITY
.10 .COEFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANTION -
.11 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY -


.
, , 0.2%-0.1% " .
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MPA . PSI ADA 5 3 4-
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.
.
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. .
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.
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, , .
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99

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' 2 SOLIDUS '
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.
5-14' 393 '
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101

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)(

102

A= 88% PD/PT 12% +

B= 39% PD/PT 61% +

PD/PT- .
A B- A TE ,
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.


. .
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.

)(

103


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104


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105

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.
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4 :SS
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)(

106

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.

,
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, , .

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Solid Solution

.
SS. Alloys- , , '
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Multi-phases .Stainless Steel

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" ," '
.

Inter-Metallic Compound
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112 10-5 '
.
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B 5% .
C 15% 100% .One Phase
D -21- 2.

)???(.
6 :
-

)(

107

.
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L- S - . -
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" .N
)(

108


8 , , .
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3 .

) (.
.
.
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' . : -
160 1064-.



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Fineness-
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, .

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.
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.
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)(

109


' " 15-30 .'
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.
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, ,
.
.


.
:
.
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Au

.
.
.
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.
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19.3 .
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)(

110

'

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":

, ' .
.
,
.
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Pt

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, , ,' , .

Pd

) (.
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.
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" .
.
1998 .
, ,10% .

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111

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Ag

.
.
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.
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, .
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SS , .

Cu

.
.
.
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.
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.

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.
.
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.
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)(

112

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Sn

.
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.
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5%.

)(

113

1%.

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.
.
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.
.
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--

, 1970-" WILLIAMS Will-Cream


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:
50%

30%

10%

, , .

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1998 .

:
.

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114

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1977- .Greening-
.
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52%.
38%.
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1.5%.
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:

.
Sag-.
.
.

.
:

.
.

N
N -

.
.
.

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70- .
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.
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)(

115

-
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--- .
.
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.
1974 - .
:
55%-80%

25%-35%

10%-20% .

' .1350-1310
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.
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.
:
.

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Sag - .

- - -

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, .
, , .

.
.
.

)(

116

.
7 ' .

-.
.
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, .
0.1" , .
1984 -" ' , NEG OPTION .
:
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10%

9%

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' .1190-1170
.
.
:
, ,

SAG SPAN .
,

.

.
.
.
DEGASSING -

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:
.

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.
Sag- .
:

% 78-88
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8%.
.
.20%
. 586MPA

)(

117

, .
.
' ,
.
:
80%

5%

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6%

:
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:
, " OPAC-

- , .
:

81-88% -.
7-11%.
2-4%.

1-4%.
ADA- 1 .
' .

-- ----

.
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5-8% , .
.
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)(

.
.
.

118

.
" 75-150.
' ' ' .
' .
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29% 1978- " .


70% 1980/1- ' .
.
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.
:
81%-61%.

11%-27%.

2%-5%.

.
:
53%-67%.
25%-35%.
2%-6%.

CAPTEK
CAPTEK - " " -
)( .
:
Metal Composites Au-88% 9%- Pt - .Pt 4%

FILLER MATRIX
.
'
.
:
) ' (Pt-
, .Au-


P . G
P ' PT - . G
.

)(

119

BINDERS 0.3- -
0.2".
P REFRACTORY DIE - :
/ . "
. + 4 '
1075 .
.
G .
G
.
PM- 0.25 .0.35
3 :
30 .
290-190 .
CAPBOND-
4 1000 . .

.1 " 5 6- ,
' .
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. .
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0.5-0.3 0.8-0.5- .
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.
50- ! .
.
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14 .
.

.
.
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.
.
1.2 ,
.
.7 .

)(

120

28.6.2007

Soldering

.solder , Solder- '
' Solidus- , ' Liquidus-
, Solder- .
.


- Brazing ' Solder- 425.

Soldering' Solder- 425-.

- Welding .

" ' 425- .Soldering

" , .
) (.
.
.
,Wash- - ,
.
" ." .

Solder-
:

.
' 260-.
.
.

.
:
' .

:
.


--
, ' .

, ' .

)(

121

)
(.

) - (Solder - , )
( .
- Pre-Soldering .
Post Soldering . ' '
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Solder -.

Free Hand )
(.
Investment ,
.

Fluxes

)(
.
.
Flux-
.
:Fluxes-
.

Surface Protection .

.
Reducing Agent .

Solvent .

" .

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.
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" Borax + Potassium-Fluoride" - Flux

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Flux ,
.
Flux , -.
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, .
Anti-Fluxes
.

: , '.

)(

122

:
.

.Iron-Oxide

Solder-

'

Fineness

' Fusion -
' ,Solder- .
' ' Solidus 56- -
Liquidus Solder-.
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.

Easy Flowing .Solder- '
.
Free Flowing . Solder-
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Fineness
)(:
Fineness 0.65 X = 65% X
Fineness . -
Solder Easy + Free Flowing ' .

.
Solder- .
Solder- , ,1%-
) (.
.
, .

- . .

Fineness- .

)(

123

Solder -
:Flux
.

Flux- .

Solder- '
.

Fineness
.Fineness 0.95

.
:
- .

Flux .

Solder- ' ).(Liquidus

3 .
.

0.2-0.3" . Solder, Capillary-


.Suction
.

' Solder-' ," .


.
.
' ' Solder-
.


" .

1 -

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.
, ) (.

.
) Duralay .(Pattern Resin
, .
, .
.

)(

124


.1 " ".
.2 , .
.3 .
.4 ' 400-
B .
.5 .
.6 400- .
.7.
.8 , .
.9 , .
.10 , ..
.11 .

2
.1 .
.2 Pick-Up '.
.3 .

. .
.
0.3-0.8" . .
0.8" 1.5" , 0.3" 2.5
".
) (.
.

.
.
.
, .
.

)(

125

2.7.2007

"
, .
, ,
.
.
:
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. 380-750 , .
, , .
, , .
, , ,
.
.
,
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3- , ,
.

Primary Colors - , . .RGB ,


.
.
.Secondary Colors .
. .
.Complementary Colors ,
. .
, Dullness .
. , ,Value
.
- Supplementary Colors . value .
.


12:00- .
. , , .
, .
- .
.Color Corrected
, .Metamerism

)(

126

] :
-
:
: : - , -.
: .
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. - , , .
, ,
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[.

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, , .
, .
, ,
9 .
.
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.
, .
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. "
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(Munsell (1961
. 10-
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, , .
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. ,
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Value
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) (.

)(

127

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Value , .
Munsell , , 10-,
, , , . - .
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, . ,
.
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.
, CIE*L*A*B :
- . . ,
.
.
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, .
.

.
Rods- .

.
. .
.
Dark Adaptation
40- .
Cones RGB .


8-9.8% 0.5%.
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Dichromatism .
- Anomalouchromatism -
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,
.

)(

128

Color Adaptation -
.
, Chroma- .
: . , ,
Re-Sensitization .
, .


. .
.
. Value- .
Value-
Value- .
.

""

Scattering
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.1
.
:
. , .
.
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, , . . .
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, .
. .
. .
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.
.
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. .
. , .

)(

129

, . .
.
.
.
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.
, , .
, .
, , .
.
70% 96% . ,
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, .
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.
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.

.

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. , , , .

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.

)(

130

Vita Lumin Vacuum


.
Opaque , , .
,Hue- ,
Chroma- Value- . Chroma- Value-.
4 ) (Hue Chroma Value- .
(A(1-4 . .
(B(1-4 .
(C(1-4 .
(D(2-4
Hue- Chroma , Chroma- ,
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.
Chroma-
Hue- ) Chroma- (.
Value-
.

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.
.
, .

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. .
.
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)(

131


3:
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)( .12-22%
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, .

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) (.

Feldspar

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:
.
o
.
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Albeit
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o

)(

)( .
.
.

%.
.
.
.

)(

132


:
HFP - High Fusion Porcelain 1310-1370. MFP - Medium Fusion Porcelain 1100-1250. LFP Low Fusion Porcelain 850-1050. VLFP Very Low Fusion Porcelain 850.

' ' . '


.
' , ,
.


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)( , " ,
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133

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.
.
.
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)(

134

I IV .
:

)(

135

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