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*
* :
........
f ( x ) =
f ( x ) =
-I
-1
/a
C f f :
) (
-1
) (
C f -1 3
-2 / ) f ( 3 ) lim f ( x
x 3
/ ) f ( 1 f -1
:
/1
) (
C f -1
3
/2 -

-
) (C f
)lim f ( x ) = f ( 3
x 3
) ( C f
Moustaouli Mohamed
f ( 3) = 2
lim f ( x ) = 2
x 3
f 3
f ( 1) = 3
lim f ( x ) = 3
x 1+
lim f ( x ) = 1
http://arabmaths.ift.fr
x 1
lim f ( x ) lim f ( x ) -* : f -1
x1+
x1
* lim f ( x ) = f ( 1) - f -1
x1+
* lim f ( x ) f ( 1) - f -1
x1
/b
f I x0 I
f x0
) lim f ( x ) = f ( x0
x x0

f [ [ x0 ; x0 + 0
f x0
) lim f ( x ) = f ( x0
x x0+
f ] ] x0 ; x0 0
f x0
) lim f ( x ) = f ( x0
x x0
f I x0 I
f x0 f x0
-1 f x0 :
/a
/c
sin 3 x
= ) f ( x
x
x0 = 0 ;
f (0) = 3
x0
x0
/b
f ( x ) = 2 x + 1 x 2
x0 = 2 ;
2
f ( x ) = x 1 x 2
f ( x ) = x sin x
x0 = 0 ;
f ( x ) = x2 x
x 1
x 1
-2 a f 1
f ( x ) = x3 + ax
f ( x ) = x + 1
-2
f I
f I I
f
][ a; b
][ a; b
[ ]a; b a
b
] ]a; b
[[ a; b
] ];a
[[ a; +
] [ a; b
) ) ( a; f ( a ) ) ( b; f ( b
Moustaouli Mohamed
-3
x sin x
x cos x
x tan x
-4
x n n x n + 1
n x
x

x ) E ( x ] [ x
n x n +1
E ( 3, 7 ) = 3
( 2) =1
E ( x ) = n !n
3 3, 7 4
1 2 2
E ( 2,1) = 3
E ( 4 ) = 4
E ( x) = n
3 2,1 2
4 4 5
[x [ n; n + 1
[ x [ 0;1 E ( x ) = 0
[ x [ 1;0 E ( x ) = 1
[ x [1; 2 E ( x ) = 1
[ x [ 2; 1 E ( x ) = 2
.....................................................................
Moustaouli Mohamed

*-
*-
E ( n) = n
E ( x) x E ( x) + 1
*E ( x + n ) = E ( x ) + n -
* - n n
* - [[ n; n + 1
* - n
-5
f I g J I
) g ( x ) = f ( x
x J g f J
f I g f J g
J
f [ [ 1; + :
f ( x) = x
x 1
3x 2
; 1 x 1
= ) f ( x
x+2
[[ 1; +
-----------------------------------------------------------------* - x
x [ [0; + []1; +[ [0; +
f
3x 2
* -
x+2
[]1; +
x } {2
} {2
[[ 1;1
* - f 1
3x 2
f (1) = 1 lim f ( x ) = lim x = 1 = 1
x1 x + 2
x1+
x1+
f 1
)lim f ( x ) = lim f ( x ) = f (1
lim f ( x ) = lim
x1
x 1
x 1+
[[ 1; +
-II
-1)(
f g I :
* f + g - f f g I
f
1
* - g I
g
g
f D f
f ( x ) = x 2 + sin ( x ) -
x
-
x +1
Moustaouli Mohamed
f ( x) = x +
3x + 1
x
= )f ( x
[]1;1
-2
f I g J f ( I ) J
f I g J g f . I
:
2
f f ( x) = cos(3 x 2 x) :
(1 . D f
(2 f . f . D f
f : I
[ f ( I ) [ 0; + x
x [[0; +
= f
f I
-III
-1
f f ( x) = x 2 :
) (
-1 ) . ( C f
C f . o, i, j
-2 :
][0; 2
][ 1; 2
]]1; 2
[[0; +[ ; ]1;0
* - .
* -
* f ] [a;b ] [a;b
) ) m = f ( ) = inf ( f ( x
] x[ a;b
) ) ( ) = sup ( f ( x
] x[ a;b
) (
) M = f (
] ( [a ; b ] ) = [ m ; M
) f ( I
* I
f I
* f

f ][ 2.3
:
]([ 2;3]) = [ 1; 2
[x [ 2;0
]x [ 0;3
f ( x ) = x + 2
f ( x ) = x 1
][ 2;3
Moustaouli Mohamed
[];0
-2
[ a; b] f
f ( b ) f ( a ) k
k f ([ a; b ])
b a c
. f ( c ) = k

f ( b ) f ( a ) k I b a I f
. f ( c ) = k b a c
f ( x ) = 0 f ( a ) f ( b ) 0 [ a; b ] f
. ]a; b[

2 ; 2sin x = x
-3
f
f ( I )
f ( I )
f ( b ) ; f ( a )
[ a; b ]
f ( a ) ; f ( b )
[ a; b ]
f ( x ) ; f ( a )
xlim
[ a; b[
f ( x )
f ( a ) ; xlim
[ a; b[
f ( x )
f ( b ) ; xlim
+
a
] a; b ]
f ( x ) ; f ( b )
xlim
+
a
] a; b ]
f ( x ) ; lim f ( x )
xlim
+
b
x a
]a; b[
f ( x ) ; lim f ( x )
xlim
+
a
xb
]a; b[
lim f ( x ) ; f ( a )
x+
[ a; +[
f ( a ) ; lim f ( x )
x +
[ a; +[
f ( x ) ; lim f ( x )
xlim
+
+
x a
]a; +[
f ( x ) ; lim f ( x )
xlim
+
x+
a
]a; +[
f ( a ) ; lim f ( x )
]; a ]
lim f ( x ) ; f ( a )
x
]; a ]
f ( x ) ; lim f ( x )
xlim
x
a
]; a[
f ( x ) ; lim f ( x )
xlim
x a
]; a[
Moustaouli Mohamed

f ] ];5
5
3
/1
0
4
)] f ([1;5 )] f ([0;5 )]([ 2;1
-5
f )]f ( ];0
-1
/2 f ] ];5
)]( ];5
2x + 1
= )f ( x
f
4x 1
1
/2 ; f
4
/1 D f
f ] [ a; b k ) f ( a ) f ( b
c a b . f ( c ) = k
f ] [ a; b f ( a ) f ( b ) 0 f ( x ) = 0
[. ]a; b
x + 1 = x 1; 2
1
) (

8
-IV
-1
f I y ) f ( I f ( x ) = y
) I f I ) ( f ( I
f I J . f ( I ) = J
y J x I f ( x ) = y
f f 1
f I
) f 1 ( x ) = y x = f ( y
f ( x) = x
f 1
f 1
x f ( I ) x I
f 1 ( x ) = x ; x I
-2
f I
* f 1 - ) f ( I
) x f ( I
f 1 :
* f 1 - ) f ( I f I
*-
f 1
C f 1 C f y = x
Moustaouli Mohamed

y = x
f ; 2
f ( x ) = 1 2 x
f
x
f (x ) = 2
x +1
g f ] [ 1;1
/1 f f 1
J
/2 f 1
/3 C 1
g 1 J
g 1
C f
-3 n
* n
+
x x n +
-
* n
[ [ 0; + x x n n
. n
x x
x = y x = yn
x =x
Moustaouli Mohamed
n . x
+2
) ( x; y
x
1
x = x
n
* - x x
*
[ [ 0; + x = +
lim
x+
* - x n x x x n

n = 4 :
)(n x
+2
) ( x; y
y x= y
=x
+2
) ( x; y
y x y
+2
) ( x; y
=x
- x n = a
x 4 = 5 ; x 7 = 8 ; x 5 = 243
-
; ( n; p ) *2
a
)(b 0
a
b
=n
x n = a
) ( a; b
+2
ap
np
=a
a n b = n ab
n p
p
p
p
=a a =a
)( a
n
pn
) a
-1 a m a = nm a n+ m
Moustaouli Mohamed
np
(=
*2
pn
= ap
;
n
) ( a
) ( n; m
np
) (
a
= a
n p
np
=a
1024 5 32
-2
64 3 256 18
-
f I x 0 I
4
f I f
-3 3
; 2
lim f ( x ) = l f ( x ) = n l
x x0
lim
x x0
lim f ( x ) = + f ( x ) = +
lim
x x0
x x0
x x0 x0 +
3
x
-1 ) ( E 2 x 1 = x
/ 1
)(E
)(E
-2 x 5 x 2 2 x 3 .
3
x3 + x + 1
x +1 1
-3 , lim 5 x3 + 8 ; lim 8 x3 x + 3
0
x+
x
x 2
x+
x
x +1
-4 ) (
r * ; a +
q p
p
r
= ( p; q ) * * ; r a
a a
q
. r
p
q
=a
*+
a0 = 1
1
xn
lim
lim
=x
[[0; +
)' ( r; r
' = a rr
'r
) ( ar
' = a r r
n

m
='; r
3
p
q
'r
) ( a; b
) ; a r b r = ( ab
r
pm+nq
qm
' a r a r ' = a r +r
ar
a
=
r
b
b
=a
qm pm+nq
= ar
1
r
qm pm mq nq
=A
Moustaouli Mohamed
10
= ar ar ' = a p m an
5 5
23 32
5
2 2
4
2 3 5 33
) (
ar
= r ' = ar+r
1
4
2
;
r
*2
+
DICHOTOMIE

f ] [ a; b f ( a ) f ( b ) 0 f ( x ) = 0
[. ]a; b
l
b a
b a l
a+b
) f ( c = c
2
f ( a ) f ( c ) 0
a c
c a l
c b
b c l

[ ]a; b [ ]c; b []a; c
Moustaouli Mohamed
11

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)] f ([1;5 )] f ([0;5 )]([ 2;1

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