FORMULRIO TERMODINMICA2

1 Lei da termodinmica


+ = W Q h m h m
dt
dE
sai entra vc
& &
& &
gz
V
pv u h + + + =
2
2

dU = dQ - dW
dU = TdS pdV
dW = pdV

2 Lei da termodinmica
ger
sai entra vc
S
T
Q
s m s m
dt
dS

+ + =
&
&
& &

Ciclos
H
liq
Q
W
&
&
=
H
L
CARNOT
T
T
=1
1
1
1

=
k
v
OTTO
r

k
k
p
BRAYTON
r
1
1
1

=
) (
) (
1
0
0
b c p
a d v
DIESEL
T T c
T T c

=
k
k
b
a
b
a
p
p
T
T
1
|
|

\
|
=
S constante
1
|
|

\
|
=
k
a
b
b
a
v
v
T
T


W
Q
COP
L
refrig
&
&
=
W
Q
COP
H
calor b
&
&
=
.

Eficincia

iso
real
turbina
W
W
&
&
=
real
iso
bomba
W
W
&
&
=

Gs perfeito e
0
p
c constante
T mc U
v
=
0

T mc H
p
=
0

RT pv =
0
0
v
p
c
c
k =
o o
v p
c c R =
a
b
p
p
p
r =
b
a
v
v
v
r =

Lquido Incompressvel e S constante

p v h =


Anlise Financeira
Equaes
(

+
+
=
n
n
i i
i
FVP
) 1 (
1 ) 1 (

VPL = VI + FVP.VM

Dados
TCHP = 0,70 R$/kWh
TCFP = 0,20 R$/kWh
TDHP = 70 R$/kW
TDFP = 20 R$/kW
TC = 2,00 R$/kg
PC = 35000 kJ/kg

n = 60 meses
i = 0,01

elet, motor
= 0,3

term, motor
= 0,4

caldeira eltrica
= 0,95

caldeira queima direta

= 0,8

caldeira recuperao
= 0,9
COP chiller absoro

= 0,7
COP

chiller compresso = 4

Custo instalao combustvel = 200 R$/kW
comb

Custo motor = 500 R$/kW
elet
Custo instalao eltrica = 100 R$/kW
elet
Custo caldeira eltrica = 100 R$/kW
vapor

Custo caldeira queima = 300 R$/kW
vapor

Custo caldeira recuperao = 150 R$/kW
vapor

Custo chiller absoro = 1500 R$/kW
frio

Custo chiller compresso = 500 R$/kW
frio



Microsoft Equation
3.0
Psicrometria
T
BS
= temperatura de bulbo seco
T
BU
= temperatura de bulbo mido
T
ORV
= T
SAT
(p
v
)

p = p
v
+ p
ar
p
ar
= y
ar
.p p
v
= y
v
.p p
g
= p
SAT
.(T
BS
)

g
g
ar
v
p p
p
m
m
w

= =
622 , 0

g
v
p
p
=
sat
vap BS ar p ar
wh T c h + =
,
0


] ) )( ( ) ( ) ( [
.
1 , 2 1
.
2 , 1 , 2 ,
2 1
4 4 4 3 4 4 4 2 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 1
&
&
latente calor
lq
sat
vap
sensvel calor
sat
vap
sat
vap BS BS ar p ar
h h w w h h w T T c m Q
o
+ + =

) (
) ( ) (
,
0
liq vb
liq va a BSb BSa ar p
b
h h
h h w T T c
w

+
=
) (
) ( ) (
,
0
liq va
liq vb b BSa BSb ar p
a
h h
h h w T T c
w

+
=
] 622 , 0 [
a g
a a
a
w p
w p
+
=


Exergia
real
ger
real rev real rev
S T Q Q W W I
& & & & & &
0 0 0
= = =
0 =
rev
ger
S
&
) ( ) (
0 0 0 0
s T h s T h =


+ + =
0
/
0
/
i
i
E S
real rev real rev
dt
dE
Q Q h m h m W
& &
& &
&

real rev
ger
i
i
i E S
real rev
S T
dt
S T E d
Q
T
T
m m W
/
0
0
0 0 /
) (
) 1 (
& &
& &
&

+ =



dt
dS
T S T Q
T
T
s T m s T m Q
real rev
ger
i
i
i E S
real rev
0
/
0
0
0
0 0
/
0
+ + =


& &
& &
&


Equilbrio qumico
] ) ( ln[
0
B A D C
B A
D C
v v v v
v
B
v
A
v
D
v
C
p
p
y y
y y
T R
G
+
=


B A D C
B A
D C
v v v v
v
B
v
A
v
D
v
C
p
p
y y
y y
k
+
= ) (
0
; constante de
equilbrio qumico


Combusto

+ = W Q H H
dt
dE
S E VC
& & & &

cte T
REAG PROD
i i i i
comb comb
comb
h v h v
v M
PC
=
= ) (
.
1

i
i
i
M
m
n =
p KPa
T C
KPa
C
h h h
f P T

+ =
100
25
100
25
,
h n h m H & &
&
= =
2 2 2 2 2 2
)
2 4
)( 1 ( 76 , 3 )
2 4
(
2
) 76 , 3 )(
2 4
( O
z y
x N
z y
x O H
y
xCO N O
z y
x O H C
z y x
+ + + + + + + +
comb
ar
molar
comb
ar
comb
ar
comb
ar
massa
M
M
x AC
M
M
x
n
n
m
m
AC = = =