DATA AND TRANSACTION CONTROL LANGUAGE COMMANDS

AIM
To study the various categories of DCL and TCL commands such as grant, revoke, commit
savepoint, rollback, set transaction.
DESCRIPTION
Data Control Language (DCL) is used for the control of data. That is a user can access any data
based on the privileges given to him. This is done through DATA C!T"L LA!#$A#%
#"A!T & gives user's access privileges to database
The (ynta) for the #"A!T command is*
#"A!T privilege+name
! ob,ect+name
T -user+name ./$0L1C .role+name2
341T5 #"A!T /T1!67
privilege+name is the access right or privilege granted to the user. (ome of the access
rights are ALL, %8%C$T%, and (%L%CT.
ob,ect+name is the name of an database ob,ect like TA0L%, 91%4, (T"%D /"C
and (%:$%!C%.
user+name is the name of the user to ;hom an access right is being granted.
/$0L1C is used to grant access rights to all users.
"L%( are a set of privileges grouped together.
41T5 #"A!T /T1! & allo;s a user to grant access rights to other users.
"%9<% & ;ithdra; access privileges given ;ith the #"A!T command
The (ynta) for the "%9<% command is*
"%9<% privilege+name
! ob,ect+name
="> -user+name ./$0L1C .role+name2
Transaction Control (TCL) statements are used to manage the changes made by D>L statements. 1t
allo;s statements to be grouped together into logical transactions.
C>>1T & To make the changes done in a transaction permanent or save ;ork done
(A9%/1!T & identify a point in a transaction to ;hich you can later roll back
"LL0AC< & restore database to original since the last C>>1T
(%T T"A!(ACT1! & Change transaction options like isolation level and ;hat rollback
segment to use