MODULE 5

DEVIATION, SOCIAL
PROBLEMS AND CONTROL

REPORTER:
PATRICIA ANNE LOPEZ
BSBA-MARKETING
 LESSON 1

THE MEANING AND NATURE

OF DEVIANCE
MEANING AND NATURE OF DEVIANCE
 Referred to any violation of social norms and
expectations. It’s a breach of social disorder.

 Something that is conferred upon by others

to individuals who commit the act of
deviation.

 refers to those human acts that are socially

defined by the group or society by deviant.
CONSEQUENCES OF DEVIANT
 It reaches people of what is acceptable
social behavior.

 It strengthen group norms and values.

 It is a sign and source of social change.

NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF DEVIANCE
 It harms group stability.

 It induces distrust and ill-will.

 It drains human and economic resources.

 It weakens people’s faith in and conformity to

social norms,
 LESSON 2

THEORETICAL
EXPLANATION
OF DEVIANCE
THE STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL VIEW
 People deviated from given social norms
because of the rapid social change.

 Norms of society become unclear and no

longer applicable to current conditons.
EMILE DURKHEIM

 One of the proponent of this perspective,

called this situation “ anomic “ or a
breakdown of societal norms.

 He asserted that there is nothing abnormal

about deviance, since it is an integral part of
society.
ROBERT MERTON’S STRAIN THEORY
 People deviate to societal norms
because of the inability to reach
cultural goals through legitimate
means of attaining them.
DEVIANT BEHAVIOR AND MODE OF
ADOPTATIONTO THE USE OF MEANS AND
GOAL ATTAINMENT.
 Innovation- Individual resort to illegitimate means to achieve
culturally approved goals such as economic success, material
possessions and social status.

 Ritualism- Individuals give up or abandon the goals, but follow

or conforms in strict fashion the set of legitimate means that
are socially defined as necessary for goal attainment.

 Retreatism- Individual abandon the goal and the means to

attain such goal.

 Rebelion- Individual abandon both the goal and means and

creates new goal and means.
SYMBOLIC INTER-ACTION THEORY

 Deviance is learned through

interaction with others and involves
the development of deviant concept.
FOUR FORMS OF DEVIANCE IN SYMBOLIC
INTER-ACTION THEORY
 Differential Association Theory- All human behavior,
including deviance is learned through association with
others, especially primary groups.

 Self-esteem Theory- People choose deviance or

conformity depending on which will do the most to
enhance their self-esteem.

 Control Theory- This theory by Hirschi, deviance

arises from particular social arrangement, specially
the inability of society to control adequately activities
of it's members.
FOUR TYPES OF SOCIAL CONTROLS AS A
FUNCTION OF CONFORMITY BY HIRSCHI

 Attachment
 Commitment
 Involvement
 Belief
FOUR FORMS OF DEVIANCE IN
SYMBOLIC INTER-ACTION THEORY

 Conflict Theory- Social paradigm links

deviance to social inequality. Conflict
Perspective are the ideas of dominance and
power.
 LESSON 3

FORMS OF DEVIANT
BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL
PROBLEMS
SOCIAL PROBLEMS

 A situation affecting a significant number of

people that is believed by them and/or by a
significant number of others in the society to
be a source of difficulty or unhappiness.
FORMS OF DEVIANT BEHAVIOR

 Drug Abuse- Relates to the subjective effect

on the individual when he takes the drugs.
CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS

 Sedatives
 Stimulants
 Hallucinogens or Psychedelics
 Narcotics
CAUSES OF DRUG ABUSE

 Socio-cultural Deprivation
 Faulty model and Learning
 Lawlessness and alienation
 Pathogenic Family Pattern
 Peer Group Association
COMMON SIGNS OF DRUG ABUSE

Changes in behavioral patterns

 Changes in appearance.

 Changes in mood.
ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS

Strengthen family relationship.

 Nationwide campaign on the ill-effects of
missed drugs.
 Strengthen the guidance programs of the
school.
 Introduction onto the curriculum, particularly
in the secondary level the subjects on drug
abuse prevention.
CRIME

 A violation of any one of the specific norms

that we call laws. For any violation of law a
result in application of certain sanctions or
punishment.
SERIOUS OFFENSES ARE CLASSIFIED
AS;

Crime against person.

 Crime against property.

 Crime against Chastity.

 Crime against morale and orders.

CAUSES OF CRIME
 Lack of Parental guidance.
 Lack of cooperation between the community
and police authority.
 Laxity on the part of law enforces to
implement the laws.
 Breakdown of some Filipino values.

 Association with undesirable elements of

society.
 Proliferation of undesirable and obscene
literature
 Violence in movies and television.
ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS
 Strengthen family relationship.
 Coordination between police, authorities and
community.
 Strong relationship between church and the
family.
 Weeding of the misfits and scalawags in our
law enforcement agencies.
 Complete ban on smut magazines and other
undesirable reading materials.
 Restrictions of violent films and sex movies.
PROSTITUTIONS

 Said to be the oldest profession in the world.

According to Sanchez and Agpaoa,
prostitution is a type of sexual deviation.
TYPES OF PROSTITUTION

 Female Prostitution
 Male Prostitution
 Child Prostitution
CAUSES OF PROSTITUTION

 Poverty
 Acculturation

 Tourism
 LESSON 4

SOCIAL CONTROL
SOCIAL CONTROL

 Waysin making its members conform

and behave according to its norms and
standards.
TYPES OF SOCIAL CONTROL

 Informal Social Control

 Formal Social Control
THE END