Olimpiady Matematika

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1935 .

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LXVIII ,
11 , 2005 .
1. a b ,
sin x + a = bx,
cos x = b
. ,
.
2.
100. 1
2,
100.
n2d, d
, n ?
3. 2005 2005
.
5
1, 2, ... ,
, 10,
. ,
, 150, ,
, 23.
.
4. ABCD
: ,

( ),
.
A, B, C, D, A, B, ...
n . ,

. : 1)
, n < 5
; 2) n0,
n = n0 ?
5.
.
.
.
6. ,
n ,
. (
) ,
.
, .
,
.
, (n + 1)2
?
LXIX ,
11 , 2006 .
1.
1, 2, ..., 5,
3
- ------ , cos 1, cos 2 cos 3,
0;
2
sin 3, sin 4 sin 5

?
2.
a
--- ,
b
b, a ( b
a).
3.
,
? ,
. ,
,
.
4. : ,
1331 ,
, 1 ,
(
) ,
, . ,
.
?
5. .
,
,
.
.
6.
n , 1, 2, ..., n
. . . k
,
k
--- ,
n

. 1)
n = 10 k = 3? 2)
n k.
LXX ,
11 , 2007 .
1. 20 ,
1, 2, ..., 20.
7
, ( ),
:
1, 20, 5, 12, 9, 14, 11, 8, 16, 7, 19, 3, 17, 2, 15, 10, 6, 13, 4, 18,
(
) 12 9 = 3 (
).
3?
?
2. a ,
4x 4x = 2 cos ax 4x + 4x = 2 cos ax + 4 2007.
a ?
3.
, ,
1? .
4. O A1, A2, ..., An
SA1A2... An, SA1 = SA2 = ... = SAn SA1O = SA2O =
= SAnO. n ,
SO ?
5. n n :
, .

, ,

,
?
6. A1, B1 C1 BC, CA AB
ABC , BH .
, AHC1 CHA1
M, H,
ABM = CBB1.
7.
,
, .
,
.
: 1) 3
0,3; 2) 2007 0,003?
8
LXXI ,
11 , 2008 .
1. p q , y = 2x2 y = x2 + px + q
, .
,
.
2. n, nn
2008! = 12...2008.
3. 333
1000 . , ,
5 , ,
, 4 ?
4. O ABC
, AO
BC M. O AM
OD. , A, B, C D
.
5. .
75 .
, ,
. ,
.
,
. :
1) ; 2) .
6. ,
. A ABCD :
, , ,
. ,
(, A). C,
B D.
v, AB AD 1.
v ?
7.
,
(
) :
1
1
1
1) , --- ; 2) , --- ; 3) , --- ?
4
LXXII ,
11 , 2009 .
1. , h
t h(t) = at 2 + bt + c,
t0 h(t0) = h(t0) =
= 0. ,
?
2. 72
1 ,
6.
6?
3. ,
y = sin x, x (0, ).

, :
1) --- ; ; 2) 0; --- ?
2
4.
, .
,
. ,
.
,
72?
5. p
p!, (p2)!.
6. ,
00, 01, ..., 99
,
1, 10 11,
( )
10 .
10
LXXIII ,
11 , 2010 .
1.
1 : (a + 2010 : (b + 1 : c)), a, b, c
?
2. ,
1,
2. ,
.
,
.
: ?
3. , x, y, z p
q
y = xn + px + q,
z = yn + py + q,
x = zn + pz + q,
x2y + y2z + z2x x2z + y2x + z2y, :
1) n = 2; 2) n = 2010.
4. f v (
O) f (v),
u, v , f (u + v)
f (u) f (v).
?
5. ABCD
P, PBA = PCD = 90. M
AD, BM = CM. , PAB = PDC.
6. n :
k ,
.
,
(
;
, ,
).
,
, :
1) n = k = 2; 2) n k?
11
LXXIII ,
11 , 2011 .

1.
: ,
, , .

.

?
(. . )
2.
x2011 + 2011x 1 x2011 2011x + 1.
(. . )
3. ABC BC
D, AB E M ,
AM = ME DM AC. ,
AD + DE > AB + BE.
(. . )
4.
. ,
k a,
k b.
1) , k = 2, a = b.
2) k = 3 ,
a = b.
(R. B. Bapat)
5.

.
, ?
(. . )
6. ,
.
a : (1 a)
, 0 < a < 1. ,
12
0,001 (0; 1) a,

?
(. . )
1. (
) y = sin x.
y = sin2 x
? ,
(
)?
(. . , . . )
2. , 100 ,
1, 2 3, 50
, ,
11, 22, 33, 123 321?
(. . )
3. ABC O,
ABO = CAO, BAO = BCO, BOC = 90.
AC : OC.
(. . )
4. a1, a2, ..., a2011 1, 2, ..., 2011

a ...
a2 3
a
2011
2010
a1
?
(. . )
5. ,
(
).
, ,

. , (,
) 1 /,

, .
()
13
. . .

. . . 2005 .,
,
. .
.
via scientiarum,
.

. .
. . :
...

.
.

http://lomonosov.msu.ru/.

,
,
, .
, 2005 .
1.
2xy ( x 3 y 3 )
( x y )( x4 y4 )
------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------,
2
2
x y
x 2 + xy + y 2
= 1, 2 ... 2 (46 ), = 2, 7 ... 78 (45 ).
2.
1
32 1 x + 1
-.
------------------------------ ------------------2x 1
1 2 x
3. ABCD,
5, D
3 7 .
14
4. log4(4sin2 2x) = 2 log2( 2 tg x).

5. , BC
D E, F. ,
, BAD = ACD, BAF = CAE, BD = 2,
BE = 5 BF = 4.
6. 5|x| x(3 + 2 2 8 2x x 2 ).
7.
5, 12 13, ,
, , 30.
?
8. ,
4 |3 | + a|| = 9| 1| .
9. 2 . 40 .

, :
, 1 .
40 , A,
10 .
?
?
10.
3||n + |8y|n + |z|n < 1,
. .
, 2006 .
1. log4 log2
2. : tg
... 16 (40 ).
11
---------
6
11x 2 17 13?
3.
2
4
cos(x 2 + ) + cos + ------ + cos x + ------ = 0.
3
3
15
4. A, B C .
,
. , ,
D
, BD = 9, BE = 12.
.
5. A 8 ,
.
6 .
17 .
A
?
6. 4 x 2 |x 3| + 4x.
7. ,
cos 2x 2a sin x |2a 1| + 2 = 0
.
8. SABC SA
ABC, SCB , = 5 , = 7 .
{On} :
O1 , SABC,
n 2 On ,
On 1 ABC.
SA, {On}
?
9.
, < .
116 .
.
10. 4(1 tg x)2004 + (1 + tg x)2006 22006.
, 2007 .
1. (sin cos ) (sin cos ),
sin ( + ) = 0,8 cos ( ) = 0,3.
5
2. 2 ( x 2 ) = ( 2 5 x ) .
16
3.
log b
11 b 50
(b1b2 ... b60), b1, b2, ...
4.
8 x 2x 1
----------------------------------------------- 1.
x + 7 2x 1
5. AB ABC D,
, , D,
. AD, = 9, = 12 CD = 6.
6. a, b , (a, b) = 60
(a, c) = 270. (b, c).
7. ,
,
142 + + y2 + 14 + 2 + 4 < 0.
8.
5, 70 80,

11. ,
.
9. (0, ],
|tg x tg 2x tg 3x| + |tg x + tg 2x| = tg 3x.
10. 1,
2, 3, 4 5,
3,5.
4 3 5. ,
.
:
1) 4; 2) 4.
, 2008 .
1. k,
1
1
1
---------------------- + 4
5 2k
+4 =
5 + 2.
+4
2.
3 2781?
17
, ,
.
3. a,
x2 + y2 = 4,
(x 3)2 + (y + 4)2 =
.
4. ,
. .
7 ,
13 .

. ,
?
5. ,
6,
.
6. 25 x 2 3 x < 7 2
7. 2 + cos x = 3- sin
x
--2
25x.
3x
------ sin x.
4
8. 111
= 3 = 4.
1 = 10 l.
,
,
1 l ?
9. ,
2002[n 1001 2 + 1 ] = n [2002 1001 2 + 1 ],

[x] , x.
10. 4 ,

2 2, 4 ,

5.
18
,
8 ? ( 8
.)
, 2009 .
1.
, 3 2 ,

2?
2. 80
99%, 20 40%.

?
3. a
x2
x2
log3 -------------- a + 1 = log3 -------------- log3 (a 1).
x1
x1
4. 90
,
130?
5.
m n, m 6
9 ?
6. [0, ]
7 sin x + 6 = |7cos x + 2|?
7. :
A, .

D,
, BE CD
F G . , BF = 12
G = 15.
8. ,

,
.
( ) [0, 60).
1)
19
10 40? 2)

( ) ?
9. (, ),
u=
9 + x 3 4x x 2 y v = 3 x 2 y
: |u| > |v|,

u > 0; |u| < |v|, v < 0; |u| = |v|, u > 0, a v < 0.
, 2010 .
1.
(2
3)
( log 3 4 ) 2 x
(2 +
3)
( log 4 3 ) 2 3x
2. ABC
, D F
, DE || EF || .
ABC DEF,
BF : EF = 1 : 3?
3. .
1 .,
0,05, 1 .,
0,04.
, 0,06?
4.
1
1
1
----------------------- ------------------ 1 + ----------------------------------------------- .
x+6
x 4
( x + 6 ) ( x 4 )
5. 24 2187
. ,
.
6.
Oxz cos x +
+ 3y = 0 x = arctg z + 4 .
z = f(y), ,

Oyz.
20
7. ,
36x 176x + < 0,
16 sin4 x 15 = cos 4
.
8. AS SABC
N, AM = MN = NS.
NBC, ABC, MBC SBC
2, 1 2 7 .
9. x2 + 12x + 53.
1
x,
m ,
.
, .
, :
1) m = 2; 2) m = 3?
10. ABCD AD = 3
= 2 . ,
K L ,
, AD D .
K 2 + DL2.

. . .

. . .
,

. :
. ,

. ,
. , ,
.

http://www.mk.ru/msu/ .
, 11 ,
2005 .

1. ,
.
. ,
7
,
.
?
2. | x + 3 2| + x + 3 + |x + 1| + 3.
3. 8.00
. , ,
: 5 , 10 ,
15 . . 12.00, , 13.00
16.30 .
?
22
4. ABCD N
, = a, = b, CD = c
AN = CM. AD.
5.
1
x
------- 2 log2 = 2
2
3
------- ( log 2 x log x 2 )
2
.
6. ,
.
106.
?
7. sin (x + sin x) + cos (x + cos x) = 0.
8.
( x 9 )2 + 4 +
x2 + y2 +
( y 3 )2 + 9 .
9.
.
d
7 , d ?
10. f g,
x
f(g(x)) = x 2 g( f(x)) = 3?
, 11 ,
2006 .

1.
100 , 300 .
, ,
,
?
2. tg +
--- + 1 = 2 tg 2x + 3 ctg x.
4
3. ABC = 30 D,
AD = 2 BD = 1. ,
D BC.
23
4. 5 logx 2 log2 x + 5 log2 x logx 2 10.

5. 7
. k%
, , .
7 ,
. k
?
6. y(x) = ax3 +
+ bx + ,
6. ?
7.
cos x1 + cos x2 + ...+ cos xn = 0,
sin x1 + sin x2 + ... + sin xn = 0,
|xi xj | , i, j = 1, 2, ..., n,
?
8. ( ) ,
,
,
.
,
90, ?
9. x, y, u, v,
(x +
2 )6 + (u + v 2 )6 = 7 + 5 2 ?
10. , ,
,
. ,
, 2, 3, 9 18.
.
, 11 ,
2007 .

1. .
.
24
,
3 , 14 .
.
2. 2
4x 2 12x + 9
+ 4 x 1 = 6.
3.
x 12 + x1x2 + x 22 , x1, x2
3 2007x = ?
4. ,
1

? ,
, 1, . .
.
5. ( )
n,
sin 1 + sin 2 + ... + sin n < 0?
6. ,
D. ,
= 6 BAD = 30.
7. f(x, y, z) + | f(x, y, z)| = 0,
f (, b, ) = ( + b + 2 + | b|) + | + b 2 + | b||.
8. a1, a2, ...

() k
n > 1 an 1 an + 1 = kan. a2007, a1 = 1
23 = 2007.
9. x, y, z,

3 (x ) 1 + ,
3 (y z) 1 + yz,
3 (1 + xz) x z.
10. , .
n ,
n ,
.
25
, 11 ,
2008 .

1. 12.00
. 12.30 ,
,
14.00. ,
?
2.
x 2 ( 10 x 2 )
---------------------------------- 2x + 5.
x
3. a
2 + x + 2008 2 + 2008x +
, ?
4.
cos x + cos y + cos z sin x + sin y + sin z
5?
5. ABC .
, ,
D , || . AD
F. BF, = 1.
6. 2x = 2.
7. 2 50
1 50 70 ,
.

, ?
8. log2 (sin 1sin 3 ... sin 89).
9. , , z
3 2 + 3y + 2 = 75,
2 + 3z 2 = 48,
2 + xz + z 2 = 9.
y + 2yz + 3xz.
10. n,
, ,
26
n ,
,
.
, 11 ,
2009 .

1. ,
. 5
2 , 6 4
, 3
( ) . .
2.
1
1
2 sin x + 2 cos x + tg x + ctg x + ------------ + + ------------- 2.
sin x
cos x
3. 50 50
. 5
.
,
.
?
4. y = 2 y = 2008 2, ,
. ,
.
5. A, , ,
D, , : : CD = : b :
= = CMD. AM : DM.
6.
21 sin x + 1 --- + 22 sin x + 2 --- + ... + 299 sin x + 99 --- = 0.

3
7.
, ,
, ?
(
)?
27
8.
x1001,
10
1
21
x1 = 2 xn + 1 = --------- xn + --------------------- , n N.
10
10
9.
2009, 1, 0
1 [0; 1]?
10. n 3
n, ,
?
, .
1. ,
.
, ,
3 2 , 1
3 .
2.
2x
arccos (cos 2x) = ------------ ?
2009
3.
8x 2 14x + 5
4x 2 1 =
2x 2 + x 1 .
4. ,
, .
D. : OD, = 6,
= 5, = 4.
5. ,
31 x
2ax 2a
x+a +5a1
= log3 ---------------------------------------------- [3; 0].
2a1
6. {bn}
. ,
k b 12 + b 22 + ... + b k2 b1 + b2 + ... + bk
, : ) k = 3; ) k = 4; ) k = 5.
28
, . , .
1. tg x = ctg (x + 2009).
2. N ,
1 ,
150 . , ,
206 ,
?
, .
3.
6x + 1
------------------ 2 + 3.
9x + 4x
4.
2 + x + 2 2 = 0
2 + 2x 2 2 = 0
?
5. ABC
. ,
, = = 3, = 17.
6. , :
) y = sin |x|; ) y = cos |x|; ) y = |sin x| + |cos x|,
(; +), ,
.
, . , . $
1. 22x + 5022x + 2 2009 0.

2. ,
2009 , 12 3
,
3?
3.
7
11
x
tg --- --------- log2 sin 2x + ------ = 0.
16
4
2
4.
|x | 3 2 1?
29
5. ABC 1/8,
AL 10/3,
6. .
6. : 4,
24
------ , 5
5
, .
1. x 4 + 12x + 12 = 2x + 3.
2. | 36 x 2 1 2| 3.
3.
.
, .
, .
, ,
6 /, 3 /,
3 / 2 / ?
4.
3
tg 2x + ctg 2x = 2 sin 3x + ------ .
8
5. ABC
1 : 2 : 1,
. , = 3.
6. : 2, 12/5, 5/2

?
, 11 ,
2010 .

1.
, 25%
. ?
30
2. 3 cos x + 4 sin x sin y =
5
-------------------------- .
cos 2010y
3.
, ,
.
4. [nlg 2] + [nlg 5] = 2010
n ( []
, ).
5. ABC
. ,
, AM
?
6. k > 2,
x1, ..., xk
f(x), f(x1), ..., f(xk )
.
7. l1, l2 l3 60
. , ,
1 :
l1, l2,
l3, l1 . . ( ).

2010 .
?
8. 2|| |y|
log4 ( + 2) + log4 (x 2) = 1.
9. ,

2?
10. ,
30.
,
.
M?
, .
1. .
,
31
, 12 ,
10 , ,
9 , 12 .
,
?
2. --2- ;
--2
6 2 cos xctg x 2 2 ctg x + 3 cos x 1 = 0?

.
3. b1, b2, b3, b4, b5

. 3
10. , log3 b1log3 b5 = 3.
4. ,
ABC, ,
K, L . ,
K = CL = MB = 2, K = 3.
.
5. ,
b ( + b)2 + (3b 4 + 7)x +
+ 4 2b 6 0 .
6. , N, K, L,
SA, SB, SC, SD
SABCD (S ), . ,
NL, SN = 3SL SMK 12.
SLN.
, .
1.
, , .
,
5 , 3 /,
,
.
2. 25sin x + 24 + 2 3 cos x = 0.
3. log 1 x 2.
-----16
32
4. f ( x + 4 ) = f (2), f (t) = 2t t 2
t.
5. L, , N,
, AC, AD ABCD, .
, 1, ALMN
2
1
------- AL = --- .
48
MN?
6. : 8, 43, 2010 N,
1
1
1
, --- --- = -----
x
, .
1. .
, ,
. , ,
.
. .
2.
log
x2
1
+ -----2
x
1
x --1- > log
---
1 x x .
x
-x+
x
3. 2 + qx + 1 =
= 0 ( < 0) 2010. x + q x + > 0.
4. , = 3, = 4.

. , ,
D, .
ACD.
5.
1+x +
3 x
6.
( = 1, 2010, log2 3) b,
cos x + cos ax = b ?
33
, .
1. 970 .
10 ,
20 .
, 5 ,
, ,
. ,
,
20 ?
2. [0; 2],
logsin x cos x > logctg x c39os x.
3.
2y + x + 2 + y + 5 = 0,
x + y + y + 5 = 0.
4. ABCD
. , BD
, = 4, DC = 5.
?
5.
9x 2 + 160x 800 = 3x .
6.
1
1
1
1
---------- + --------------------- + ---------- --------------------- + a 0
3 x
4 1x
3 x 4 1x
? .
, .
1. ,
,
.
?
2.
1 x2 +
34
4x x 2 = 3 + |x 2|.
3. K CL ABC
. , = K
= 2HL.
4. n,

n
1
2
cos x cos x + --- cos x + --- ... cos x + ---
8
8
8
5.
34 x 62 x + 32 + 2 14 < 0 ?
6. SABCD
S ABCD 1.
SA, SB, SC, SD K,
L, , N .
1
1
SLN, SK = --- SM = --- ?
2

, 2009 .
1.
sin 3x
----------------------------------------- = ctg2 x.
cos 3x + 2cos x
2.
4x 2
3
2x
--------- + x 2 9y 2 = --- ------ ,
3
9
4
15
------ 2x 4y = 1 + 4y.
16
3. log|x| ( 5 x + 4) 2 log x 2 (8 2x).

4. ABCDA1B1C1D1
ABCD, AB = BC = CD = 2, AD = 4. K, L,
M A1B, B1C, C1D ,
A1 K
B1 L
C1 M
7
----------- = ---------- = ------------ = --- . R = 2
KB
LC
MD
3
A1B, B1C, C1D K, L, M .

, KLM,
KLM .
5. ABC D AC,
E AD. , ABE, EBD
CBD , DE
CD AE. CBD
BAC.
36
6. , a
x + y2 + a = 0,
x2 + y + a = 0
.
7.
2x2 = yz + x,
2y2 = xz + y,
2z2 = xy + z.

.
. . .

I II
,
. . . 20092010
.
3545%

. . .
.
, 2010 .
1. 20 .
.

20%, 25%.
22% .

?
2. 2 cos x + 3 ( 1 sin x ) = 0.
3.
n 113, 109, 105, ...?
4. 32x = 11 + 22 x.
5.
x+2
2 x+9
------------------ ------------------------------------ .
x 9 x + 18
3 x
6.
5
f (x) = sin 2 x 2 ------ .
6
38
7. ABC ,
C, 4, ,
, 2 7 . .
8. AMB, A B
x ,
2
9x
y = ---------------- M(4; 3).
6
9. a,
64a(x 6) + 128 = (x + |x|)2
, a.
10. TABC
AB = 4 BC = 12, TA = 3,
TB = 5, TC = 13.
, T,
AC M, AB?
M AB ?
, 2010 .
1
1. 5 ,
, 100
2 .
100 ?
2. 2 cos2 x = sin x.
3
, ------ ; --- .
2
3.
,
52%
?
4. 1 + log2
5.
1
3
--- x logx --- = 1.
2
( 4 x 122 x + 32 ) ( x 1 )
--------------------------------------------------------------------- > 0.
x1
39
6.
f (x) = log0,5 (3 log6 x) + log0,5 (1 + log6 x).
7. 5
ABCD A, arccos 0,8. K N
AB CD
. AKND.
8.
2
x
y = ------ ,
12
6 3 .
9. 2 2 ( x + x ) + a(2x + 1) = 1.
a.
10.
ABCA1B1C1 , A
BB1C1C BA1
BB1A1A, BA1
2, 2 14 .
1. 100
1,25 , ;
4 ,
. 100
?
2. cos 3x + 2 cos x = 0.
3. n, n
28, 25, 22, ...,
, 68.
4. (log2 x)log27 (4x) = log3 2.
1
2x + 2
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x 100, x3 10 4x = 10 4(a + b + c) > 10 4a + 100b + c, . .
64
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11. x, 22 x 99,
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2) x = 45 (x 1 = 44), 453 = 91 125, a = 9, b = 11, c = 25;
3) x = 54 (x + 1 = 55), 543 = 157 464, 15 + 74 + 64 > 54;
4) x = 55 (x 1 = 54), 553 = 166 375, 16 + 63 + 75 > 55;
5) x = 89 (x 1 = 88, x + 1 = 90), 893 = 704 969,
70 + 49 + 69 > 89;
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7) x = 99, x3 = 970 299, 97 + 2 + 99 > 99, 2
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6. : .
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65
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11 , 2007 .
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2. : 4014.
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67
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68
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69
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2. : n = 47.
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70
2008). 442 < 2008 < 452,

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3.
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23 (2346 = 1058 < 2008).
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11 , 2009 .
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), ,
cos x0.
1) y = sin x x (0; ),
--- ; , A,
2
--- , ,
2
Ox.
B.
AB, y = sin x
1 (. 8).
2) , 0 < < < .
+
, ------------- ------------- .
2
1
B
. 8
75
2 sin ----------2
= -----------2
sin + sin
. 9
+
2 sin -------------
2
sin + sin (. 9).

+
sin + sin = 2 sin ------------- cos ------------- ,

2
= ------------- .
2
, ,
sin ------------- (. 10).

2
1.
4. : 72, 108, 72, 108 72, 72, 72, 144.

5. : p + 1.
. (p2)! (p!)n, n N, n p + 1,
p p!
1 (, (p!)n n),
(p2)! p + 1. , (2)!
(p!)p + 1.
sin -----------2
= -----------2
. 10
76
p2 p p.
,
,
. ,
, ,
. m m! ,
(p2)!,
p!, , ,
, (p!)p,
(p!)pp! = (p!)p + 1.

, (p2)!
(p!)p + 1.
LXXIII ,
11 , 2010 .
1. :
1
--------- a = 2, b = 9, c = 1.
203
2. : .
3. . , n
, f (t) : f (t) = tn +
+ pt + q p q, x, y, z
y = f (x), z = f (y), x = f (z),
x2y + y2z + z2x xy2 + yz2 + zx2.

:
x2y
+ y2z + z2x xy2 + yz2 + zx2 x2y zx2 + z2x xy2 + y2z yz2
0 x2(y z) x(y + z)(y z) + yz(y z) 0
(x2 x(y + z) + yz)(y z) 0 (x y)(y z)(z x) 0.
x, y, z ,
.
. ,
x. , z < y.
f (t) = t n + pt + q t
f (t) = nt n 1 + p, f (t) < 0 t < t0 =
n1
p
n
--- f (t) > 0
t > t0. , f (t) t < t0

77
L
C
Q N
B
K
P
. 11
t > t0. y t0, x < y t0 y = f (x) > z = f (y).

z > y t0, x = f (z) > z = f (y) > t0,
. , x < z < y (x y)(y z)(z x) < 0.
4. : 4.
5. . AK, DL, MN PQ ,
BC A, D, M P .
AM = MD, KN = NL, MB = MC, BN = NC.
, KB = CL (. 11).
PBQ = ABP ABK = --- ABK,

2
BPQ = ABK BPQ ABK (

). ,
CLD QPC. :
QP
BP
QP
CP
BP
CP
--------- = -------- --------- = ---------
-------- = --------- tg BAP = tg PDC.
KB
AB
CL
CD
AB
CD
, BAP PDC .
6. : 1) 1; 2)
n
--- .
k
. . .

, 2005 .
1. : 64.
2. : x (0; log2 3].
3. : SABCD = 25.
. ,

,
.
4. : x = --4- + n, n Z.
5. : = 11.
. ,
90. BAD = , DAC =
= 90 ADC = 180 (90 ) = 90, ,
AD ABC (. 12).
A

. 12
79
, FAB = , FAE = + (90

) = 90, . . FAE AD
FAE .
= x.
, ,
, :
AD2 = FDDE,
63 = 2(3 + ) = 6
BC = 11.
AD2 = BDDC
6. : x 4;
2 101 25
------------------------------13
23
{0} ------ ; 2 .
13
7. : Vmax = 150 3 .
. SABC , S
. , ABC .
, , C = 90, = b = 5, = = 12, =
= = 13. SO = h . SO
,
ABC .
,
ABC
(. 13). ,
,
ABC.
S
O
A
. 13
,
,

80
(. . 30).
( )
. ,
.
A
M
C
. 14
ABC (
), = , = , = b, ,
; OK, OL
( r),
, (. 14).
SABC = SAOC + SBOC SAOB, :
1
1
1
S = SABC = --- ACOL + --- BCOK --- ABOM =
2
2
2
1
2S
S
= --- (a + b c)r r = ------------------------- = -------------- ,
a+bc
2
pc
p ABC. ,

S
--- ,
p
S
S
-------------- -------------- .
pa
pb
, :
1
S
SABC = --- b = 30, r = -------------- = 15,
2
pc
r
1
h = --------------- = 15 3 , V = --- Sh = 150 3 ,
tg 30
3
V SABC.
81
8. : a [8, 6].
.
f(x) = 9|x 1| 4x + |3x |x + ||
, f(x) x 1 x 1.
9. : ; 8 /.
. ,
. 25
15 . v
, u .
:
25
15
8
-------------- + -------------- = --- ,
v+u
vu
3
25
-------------- 1,
v+u
15
5
-------------- --vu
3
u + v 25,
u v 9
2u 16 u 8.
u = 8 , v = 17.
.
15 25 . :
15
25
8
-------------- + -------------- = --- ,
v+u
vu
3
15
-------------- 1,
v+u
25
5
-------------- --vu
3
u + v 15,
u v 15
u 0,
10. : V = 1.
, 2006 .
1. : 64.
2. : .
.
1
3
x = ------- .
82
3. : x = 2n , x = 1 1 + 2n , n Z, n 0.
4. : R1 = 36, R2 = 8.
. R1 R2
, .
, ,
.
1) .
,
.
2) (. 15).
E
D
12
9
A
. 15
BDE = BEC = 90, DEB = BCE (

,
). , BDE
,
BD
BE
9
12
--------- = --------- ------ = ---------- R2 = 8.
BE
BC
12
2R 2
BD < , 9 > 8, .
3) (. 16).
, , R2 = 8. ,
ADB (
). :
2R 1 R 2
2R 1 8
R
AO
EO
8
--------- = --------- ------------------------ = ------2 -------------------- = --- ,
AB
DB
2R 1
9
9
2R 1
R1 = 36.
83
9
12
. 16
3
5. : --5- .
. AtS
( ,
, )
(. 17).
S
B
800
1700
. 17

.
84
( 9 6 )

AC
9
AC
3
------------------------- = --- 5AC = 3AB --------- = --- .
AB AC
6
AB
5
6. : x [0, 4].
. f(x) = 4 x 2
g() = |x 3| + 4 , f(x) , g()
.
- --- 0;
7. : a (; 2]
2
1
--2
{2}.
8. : SA = 2.
9. : {(2, 117); (3, 59)}.
.
, .
, ,
m1 n1 , m = km1 n = kn1
(k, m1 n1 ). m
, .
, ,
, ,
,
. , ,
( ,
,
),
, , . . (m 1) +
+ (n 1). , m + n 1,

mn 116 = m + n 1 (m 1)(n 1) = 116.
m < n, (m 1, n 1) (1, 116),
(2, 58), (4, 29). ,
m = 5 n = 30,
.
10. : x --2- + n; --4- + n
--- + n; --- + n ;
4
2
n Z.
85
, 2007 .
1. : 0,5.
2. : x = 0, x = 9 100000 .
3. : 30.
3
4. : x 7, --4-
1
--- , 2 .
5. : AD = 10.
. CAD
BCD, , ABC BCD
(. 18).
12
9
6
. 18
:
AC
AB
ACBC
--------- = --------- B = ----------------------- = 18.
CD
BC
CD
, ,
:
2
BC
2 = ABDB DB = ----------- = 8,
AB
AD = DB = 10.
6. : 540, 108.
86
7. : = arctg
--- --- .
3
4
. , k y = kx
.
8. : V = 275 (tg 20 tg 10).

.
, .
11 ,
,
, ,
.
(. 19).
R
C
. 19
,
. ,
, ,
(
,
).
V = R 2AC = R 2OC ctg , R .
, , R = 5, = 11, V
,
80 70 .
.
C (. 20),
V = V + V = 275 (ctg 80 + ctg 70) = 275(tg 10 + tg 20).
87

A
80
O
70
. 20

(. 21), ,
V = V V = 275 (ctg70 ctg 80) = 275 (tg 20 tg 10).

2
--- --- ------ {}.

6
3

3
tg x + tg 2x

. tg 3x = 1---------------------------------- tg x tg 2x
9. : x 0;
tg 3x(1 tg x tg 2x) = tg x + tg 2x,

. . tg 3x = tg x tg 2x tg 3x + (tg x + tg 2),
cos x 0, cos 2x 0, cos 3x 0. ,

|tg tg 2 tg 3x| + |tg x + tg 2x| = tg x tg 2x tg 3x + (tg x + tg 2x)
tgx tg2x tg 3x 0,
tg x + tg 2x 0.
70
A
80
O
. 21
88
,
tg 3x 0. . tg 3x = 0, tg x + tg 2x = 0,
, .
2
x (0, ] tg 3x = 0 x = --- , x = ------ ,

3
x = . tg 3x > 0,
tg 3 > 0,
tg 3x > 0,
tg x tg 2x 0, tg x 0,
tg x + tg 2x 0
tg 2x 0.
x (0; ] 0 < < --- .

6
-.
10. : 1) 3 --3- ; 2) 3 ----11
, 2008 .
1. : k = 1.
2. : 5 .
3. : = 9, = 49.
. , ,
(. 22, 23).
y
2
O
3
x
O1
. 22
89
2
2
3
x
O1
. 23
(0, 0) 2,
(3, 4) a .
5, ,
3,
7. = 9, = 49.
4. : .
5. : R = 3 R = 2 3 .
6. : x [log50 8, log50 9).
7. : x =
2
------ + 4n; n Z.
3
8. : S = 3 29 S = 3 61 .
.
, ,
l .
1 D 1 (. 24).
, D .
ABD (
11, , AD)
90
C1
B1
A1
10
D
B
3
4
A
. 24
.
1
1
3
--- AD = --- 1 = --2
4
4
3
10 2 + 4 2 = --2
29 ,
3 29 .

,
. l1, l
, 11
5
1 (. 25).
, .
ABE
.
1
3
--- = --2
2
3
= --2
AF 2 + FE 2 =
3
5 2 + 6 2 = --2
61 ,
, 3 61 .
9. : n = 1, 2, ..., 2002.
91
C1
B1
3
10
A1
l
B
4
A
5
6
F
l1
. 25
.
:
2002 [n 1001 2 + 1 ] = n[2002 1001 2 + 1 ]
2002[n(1001 + )] = n[2002(1001 + )]
2002[n] = n[2002] (= 0) 0 n < 1 n = 1, 2, ..., 2002,
1
1
1
1001 2 + 1 1001 = -------------------------------------------------- ------------ ; ------------ .
2003 2002
1001 2 + 1 + 1001
10. : 12.
. b

| | + |b B| |a B| + |b A|.
,
,
, b (. 26).
92
. 26
| | + |b B| |a c| + |c A| + |b c| + |c B| =
= (|a c| + |c B|) + (|c | + |b c|) = |a B| + |b A|.
,

,
,
.
.
5, 5 + d, 5 + 2d, 5 + 3d,
8, 2, 4, 16,

f(d) = 3 + |d 3| + |2d 9| + |3d 21| =
= 3 + |d 3| + 2|d 4, 5| + 3|d 7|.
12 d [4,5; 7].
,
16 21,
. . 12.
, 2009 .
1. : 8.
2. : 80 .
3. : > 2, x = 1 x =
a1
-------------- ; 1 < 2,
a2
4. : .
5. : 3 6.
93
. d n
m, 9d n m + 6.
d m m + 6, d
, . . 6. , d = 1, d = 2, d = 3
d = 6. n m + 6 9, n m
3, , d 3.
, d = 3 d = 6. ,
. d = 3, , , n = 27, m = 21;
d = 6, n = 54, m = 48.
6. : .
.
.
7. : = 9.
. , BCGF ,
= 15 2 12 2 = 9.
1) , BE || CD. l, lb, lc
, , B,
G
F
lc
lb
B
K
E
. 27
94
la
. , l, lb lc
( N). , l
K ,
N K (. 27).
, ,
BEA = BAN =
= DAK = DCA, . . BE || DC.
2) , BCD = 90 = CBE. = CBN =
= BCN, = ACN = ADC = ABE, = ABN = AEB =
= ACD. CBE = + + = BCD, BE || CD,
+ + = 90.
8. : 1) ; 2) 96 .
9. : {(, )}, (2; 0) (2; +), y R.
. (v, u)
, ,
(. 28).
|u| = |v|;
u > 0, v < 0
u = v
|u| > |v|; u > 0
u=v
|u| < |v|; v < 0

v
. 28
{(v, u) : u > v},

(, ),
9 + x 3 4x x 2y > 3 x 2y
9 + x 3 4x > 3
x3 4x > 0 x ( 2, 0) (2, +)

y R.
95
, 2010 .
1. : x [4, 1].
2. :
3
------ .
16
3. : 2 .
4. : x (6; 5 + 2
5 2 ].
5. : 24, 108, 486, 2187.

6. : z =
1
1
--------- 5 --- < 0.
3
9y 2
. (x, y, z)

cos x = 3y,
cos x + 3y = 0,
x = arctg
z+4
1
- 1,
z + 4 = tg2 x = --------------2
cos x
0 x < --2
1
z = --------2- 5,
9y
1
--- y < 0,
3
(y, z), ,
.
7. : < 17 6 6.
8. : SNBC = 3.
.
, .
9. : 1) ; 2) .
. 1) ,
,
, ( ,
)
x = 1. ,
2, ,
,
x = 1 1, 3.
,
1,1 0. ,
, .
96
2) ,
10 11. ,
,
. ,
x 2 + 10x + 53 3n x 2 + 11x + 53 3k
n k. ,
.
x 2 + 10x + 53 = 3n
: x = 3m, x = 3m + 1 x = 3m + 2; m Z. x = 3m,
:
9m2 + 30m + 53 = 3n,
3,
3. x = 3m + 1 :
(3m + 1)2 + 10(3m + 1) + 53 = 3n 9m2 + 36m + 64 = 3n.
, x + 3m + 2, ,
(3m + 2)2 + 10(3m + 2) + 53 = 3n 9m 2 + 42m + 77 = 3n.

3. , x 2 + 11x + 53 =
= 3k .
10. : 15.
.

AD. OAP = AOP = , ODP =
= POD = . APO = 2, OPD = 2.
APO + OPD = , 2 + 2 = , + =
= --- . , AOD ,
2
3
--- . ,
2
5
5
= --- BD = --- OD (. 29).
3
3
, . K,
CAD ( ), K,
( , ,
). , ACK = AKO = .
, K K
( ). :
AC
AK
--------- = --------- AK 2 = AOAC.
AK
AO
97
. 29
, DLB ~ DOL DL2 = DODB.

,
5
5
AK 2 + DL2 = + DODB = --- ( 2 + OD 2) = --- 9 = 15.
3

. . .

, 11 , 2005 .

1. : .
2. : x [1, 1].
3. : 11 .
2b 2 + c 2 a 2
------------------------------------ ; 2b2 + c2 a2.
2
4. : AD =
5. :
3
------2 2.
.
2, t = log2 x, ,
,
.
6. : 218.
7. : x = --4- + n; n Z.
8. : 13.
. (9; 2), (; 0), (0; ), D (3; 3).
=
( x 9 ) 2 + 4 , B =
x 2 + y 2 , CD =
9 + ( y 3 )2
ABCD,
l = + + CD. 1 (9; 2) B1 (; 0) ,

(. 30). = 1B1, = B1
99
y
C(0; y)
D(3; 3)
A(9; 2)
O
x
B(x; 0)
B1(x; 0)
A1(9; 2)
. 30
y
D(3; 3)
1 7
1
C 0; 4
A(9; 2)
O
21 1

B1
5 ; 10
21

B
5 ; 01
A1(9; 2)
. 31
ABCD A1B1CD.
1 , .
, , 1
A1D, 1 1
(. 31).
A1D
x3
y3
------------------ = ------------------ 5x 12y + 21 = 0.
9 3
2 3
0;
ABCD
l=
21
7
21
--- , B1 ------ ; 0 , , B = ------ ; 0 .
5
A1D
( 3 + 9 ) 2 + ( 3 + 2 ) 2 = 13.
9. : d = 1.
100
10. : .
. , f (x)
g(x), .
R
f (g(x)) = x 2, g( f (x)) = x 3,

f (x 3) = f (g( f (x))) = f 2(x).
f (0) = f 2(0), f (1) = f 2(1), f (1) = f 2(1), . .
f (0), f (1), f (1) 0 1.
x1 x2,
g( f (x1)) = x 13 x 23 = g( f (x2)),
, f (x1) f (x2) ( g( f (x1)) = g( f (x2))). f (x)
x = 0, 1
,
. , f (x)
g(x), , ,
.
, 11 ,
2006 .

1. : 60 .
2. : x =
--- + n, x = arctg 3 + n; n Z.
2
3. : r = 1, r = 7.
4. : x (0, 1) {2}.
. t = log2 x,
:
1
---
1
t
5 t t + 5t --- 10.
, t < 0.
t > 0 :
1
---
1
t
1
---
1
t
1
--- + t
5 t t + 5t --- 2 5 t t 5 t --- = 2 5 t
2 5 2 = 10.
101
,

. , t = 1
.
, , 0 < < 1 x = 2.
5. : k {0, 1, 2, ... , 13, 14, 86, 87, ..., 99, 100}.

6. : (0, 2).
7. : n .
.
OA i = {cos xi, sin xi}; i = 1, 2, ..., n
(. 32). | OA i | = cos 2 x i + sin 2 x i = 1, 1,
2, ..., An
.
Ai
. 32

OA 1 + OA 2 + ... + OA n = 0 ,
(1)
0 , |xi xj | ,
i, j, , Ai
102
. , l = OD
,
. OA i
l . 0 , (1)
. , OA i
, OB ,
OC ,
.
8. : .
9. : .
.
.
1) , b, , d + b 2 = +
+ d 2 , = b = d. , = (d b) 2 ,
b = d, = ,

ac
2 = -------------- , ,
db
ac
2 , --------------
db
.
2) a, b ,
(a b 2 )6 = A B 2 ,
. 2)
1) (a b 2 )6 = a6 6a5(b 2 ) +
+ 15a4(b 2 )2 20a3(b 2 )3 + 15a2(b 2 )4 6a(b 2 )5 + (b 2 )6.
, , , u, v
(x + y 2 )6 + (u + v 2 )6 = 7 + 5 2 ,
(x y 2 )6 + (u v 2 )6 = 7 5 2 ,
, 7 5 2 .
103
10. : 14 :
2, 3, 9, 18;
81
2 1
135 33 15
------ , 6, --- , ------ ; --------- , ------ , ------ ,
4
36
7 1
8, --- , --- .
2 2
, 11 ,
2007 .

1. : 8 20 .
2. : x = 2, x = 1 + log4 (3 7 ).
3
--2
3. : 2007. || 2 669
; 1 2
x 12 + 12 + x 22 = 2007.
4. : 1) ; 2) .
5. : 31.
.
1
2sin --- > 0
2
:
1
1
1
2sin --- sin 1 + 2sin --- sin 2 + ... + 2sin --- sin n =
2
1
1
1
3
3
5
= cos --- cos --- + cos --- cos --- + ... + cos n --- cos n + --- =
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
n+1
1
n
= cos --- cos n + --- = 2sin -------------- sin --- .
2
y = sin x
k, k Z, k nk
n
n+1
sin --- sin -------------- < 0
2
n
nk + 1
-----k- < k < ---------------- , . . 2k 1 < nk < 2k; k N.
2
2
104
k = 5 10 1 < n5 < 10,

n5 = 31.
, .
6. : R = 2 3 .
7. : {(x, , z) : 0, 0, z 0}.
a+b+ ab
-.
. , max (a, b) = --------------------------------------2
f(x, , z) = (x + y + 2z + |x |) + |x + y 2z + |x y|| =
= 2 max (x + ) + |x |; 2z) = 2 max (2 max (x, ); 2z) =
= 4 max (x, , z).
:
f(x, , z) + | f (x, y, z)| = 0 f(x, y, z) 0
x 0,
max (x, , z) 0 0,
z 0.
8. : 2007 = 2007.
9. :
t 3 1 t 3
t, -------------------- , -------------------- , t >
t+ 3 t 3+1
3.
. , , , z
, , 0; --- , x = tg ,
2
tg a tg b
y = tg , z = tg . , tg(a b) = ------------------------------- ,
1 + tg atg b

1
tg ( ) ------- ,
--- ,
1
--- ,
tg ( ) ------- ,
6
3
--- ,
tg ( ) 3 ,
3
0 < , , < --0 < , , < --- .

2
2
3
105
, = --- , ,
3
= --- = --- .
6
,
:
= --- , = --- , --- < < --- .

6
x = tg >
x 31
3 , y = tg --- = --------------------- ,
6
x+ 3
x 3
z = tg --- = --------------------- .
3
10. :
1+x 3
n 3 + 2n 2 + 4n + 8
n 3 + 2n 2 + 3n + 10
------------------------------------------------- n; ---------------------------------------------------8
8
n.
, 11 ,
2008 .

1. : 12 48 ,.
2. : x [3; 0] (0; 10 ].
3. : = 2009.
4. : 2.
. = cos x + cos y + cos z, = sin x + sin y +
+ sin z. :
A2 + 2 = (cos x + cos y + cos z)2 + (sin x + sin y + sin z)2 =
= (cos2 x + sin2 x) + (cos2 y + sin2 ) + (cos2 z + sin2 z) +
+ 2(cos(x y) + cos(y z) + cos (z x)) 3 + 23 = 9.
106
B
5 , B 2 5, , 2 4
5
A 2. , sin x = sin y = sin z = ------- ,
3
2
cos x = cos y = cos z = --- cos x + cos y + cos z = 2.
3
5. : BF = --2- .
1
6. : x = --4- , x = --2- .
7. : 2 40 .
8. : 44, 5.
. = sin 1sin 3 ... sin 89
b = sin 2sin 4 ... sin 90 (0 < a, b < 1). :
ab = (sin 1sin 89)(sin 2sin 88) ...
... (sin 43sin 47)(sin 44sin 46)sin 45sin 90 =
1
2
= (sin 1cos 1)(sin 2cos 2) ... (sin 44cos 44) ------- =

b
1
----------= ---------44,5 sin 2sin 4 ... sin 88 = 44,5 .
2
= 244,5 log2 a = 44,5.
9. : 24 3 .
.
:
2
32 + 3y + 2 = 75,

2 + 3z2 = 48,
2
2
+ z + z = 9
y
y
x2 2x ------- cos 150 + ------- = 25,
3
3
y 2
-----+ z2 = 16,
3
2 2z cos 120 + z2 = 9.

,
y
, ------- , 5 , 150,
3
PAB.
107
y
------- z
3
4. ,
A x, z, 3 120
z. ,
y + 2yz + 3xz
, (. 33).
A
x
5
3
P
z
y 3
B
. 33
,
SPAB + SPBC + SPAC =
xy + 2yz + 3xz
1
y
1
1
y
= --- x ------- sin 150 + --- z ------- + --- xzsin 120 = ----------------------------------------- .
2
4 3
1
SPAB + SPBC + SPAC = SABC = --- ACBC = 6
2
(ABC ), xy + 2yz + 3xz = 24 3 .
10. : n = 15.
, 11 ,
2009 .

1. : 5.
2. : = --4- + n; n Z.
108
3. : .
4. : = 0, y = kx + 1004; k R.
. (0; 1004)
, ,
, .
a(a + b)
----------------------- .
c(b + c)
5. : =
6. : x =
--- + n; n Z.
6
3 sin = cos
k
2 cos + --- , 99 , = x + ------- , k = 1, 2 ...,
3
..., 99. k
2k,
2 3 sin x + 1 --- = 2 cos x + 1 --- 22 cos x + 2 --- ;

3
22 3 sin x + 2 --- = 22 cos x + 2 --- 23 cos x + 3 --- ;

3
3
3
.........................................................................................................
299 3 sin x + 99 --- = 299 cos x + 99 --- 2100 cos x + 100 --- .
3
3
3

:
3 21 sin x + 1 --- + 22sin x + 2 --- + ... + 299sin x + 99 --- =

3
= 2 cos x + 1 --- 2100 cos x + 100 --- = (2 + 2100) cos x + --- .

3
cos x + --- = 0 x = --- + n; n Z.

3
7. : 1) ; 2) .
. 1) 1 2 ,

109
.
, 1
A1, 1 1, 2 A2, 2 2, A2
OA1, 2 OB1, 2 OC1
(. 34).
O
C2
2
C1
A2
A1
1
B1
B2
. 34
OA11 OA22
, OA1O1 = OA2O2. , OA1OC1 = OA2OC2.
OA1 = OA2, OB1 = O2 OC1 = OC2, . . 1
2 . , A1 A2.
OA1 > OA2. OB1 < O2 OC1 < OC2,
OB1C1 OB2C2.
2) 1
A1, B1, C1 D1 (
A1B1C1D1 ).
2 OA1, B2 OB1, C2 OC1,
D2 OD1 , OA1B1 OA2B2, OB1C1
OB2C2, OC1D1 OC2D2, OD1A1 OD2A2
(. 35).
,
A1 A2, OA1 > OA2. OA1OB1 =
= OA2OB2, OB1OC1 = OB2OC2, OC1OD1 = OC2OD2
110
D1
A2
1
D2
C2
A1
C1
B1
B2
. 35
OB1 < OB2, OC1 > OC2, OD1 < OD2.

, ,
OA 1
OB
OC
OD
----------- = -----------2- = -----------1- = -----------2- .
OA 2
OB 1
OC 2
OD 1
, A2C2 B2D2
A1C1 B1D1 A1B1C1D1

. , A2C2 B2D2 ,
.
8. : 1, 2, 5.
9. : 20092.
10. :
n 3.
. , n 3
n, ,
. n

.
111
(1, 0) A1, A2, ..., n, Ak = (xk , yk ),

k = 1, 2, ..., n :
2
k 1
2k
- , yk = ----------------.
xk = ---------------2
2
k +1
k +1
k 0, --- ; k = 1, 2, ..., n,
2
k
k = ctg ------ , xk = cos k , yk = sin k ,
k
- , , {k} .
----2
, A1, A2, ..., n
AOAk = k 0; --- ; k = 1, 2, ..., n (. 36).

2
y
Q2
A1
Q3
A2
Qk
A3
Ak
yk
k
k
Q1
An
xk
. 36
Q1,Q2, ...,
..., Qn , AOQk = 2 AOAk = 2k , k = 1, 2, ..., n.
112
(0, ],
Q1, Q2, ..., Qn n.
n QiQj,
i, j = 1,2, ..., n, i j.

Qi Qj
1
------------------------------- = 2R Qi Qj = 2sin Qi AQj = 2sin --- Qi OQj =
sin Q i AQ j
2
= 2 sin |i j | = 2 |sin (i j )| = 2 |sin i cos j cos i sin j |.

R = 1 sin |i j | = |sin (i j )|, i j

--- ; --- . sin i, cos j, cos i sin j
2
i, j = 1, 2, ..., n, i j, Qi Qj
. n Q1, Q2, ..., Qn
Q1QkQk+1, k = 2, 3, ..., n 1.

S Q
1 Qk Qk + 1
1
= --- Q1QkQ1Qk+1sin (k k+1)
2

.
N
,
, n Q1, Q2, ..., Qn.
n, n Q1, Q2, ..., Qn
N,
n, ,
.
, .
1. : 2.
2. : 2009.
. .
1
3. : x = 5, x = --2- .
4. :
AO
45
---------- = ------ .
OD
8
113
5. :
1
--- ; 1 (1; 2].
.
:
31 x
2ax 2a
x+a +5a1
2
2
= log3 ---------------------------------------------- 3 ( a 1 ) ( x + a ) =
2a1
( x + a )2
( a 1 ) 2 1 ---------------------2x+a
x+a
5
5
( a 1 ) = log ---------------------= log3 -------------------- + --- 3

3 2 a 1 + 2 .
2a1
2
x+a
----------------- = t 0. :
a1
3(a 1)
2(1
t2 )
t+5
= log3 ------------ .
2
t 0
, t .
: t = 1. :
|x + | = | 1|,
x+a
----------------- = 1

1
a1
x + = 1,
+ a = 1 a,
1
x = 1,
x = 1 2,
1.
,
[3, 0],
3 1 2 0, a 1. .
6. : k = 3, k = 5.
. b
, q . b q
, , b, q 0. q = 1, b 12 + b 22 + ...+ b k2 =
= kb2, b1 + b2 + ... + bk = kb.
. q 1. :
b 12 + b 22 + ... + b k2
b( qk + 1 )
b 2 ( q 2k 1 ) b ( q k 1 )
---------------------------------------------- = ----------------------------------------------------.
-----------------------:
=
b 1 + b 2 + ... + b k
q+1
q1
q2 1
k
. ,
q 2m + 1 + 1
---------------------------- = q2m q2m 1 + q2m 2 q2m 3 + ... + q2 q + 1.
q+1
114
k = 3 k = 5 .
, , b = 1, q = 2 k = 4
b 12 + b 22 + b 32 + b 42 = 85, b1 + b2 + b3 + b4 = 15, . .
.
, . , .
1. : x =
2009
n
--- ------------ + ------- , n Z.
4
2
2
2. : .
3. : x = 0.
3
- ; 0 .
4. : a -----
2
. , = 0 ,

. 0 ,
,
x
2x
f(x) = 2 + --- + 2 g(x) = x2 + ------ 2a.
a
x0 y = f(x)
y = g(). , f(x) = g(), ,
x0 = 42 (. 37).
f(x)
q(x)
x0
x
. 37
3
f(x0) < 0 2 (83 + 3) < 0 ------- ; 0 .
2
5. : AB = 35 , AC = BC = 3 35 .
115
6. : ) ; ) ,
2k; )
k
------- ; k Z, k 0.
2
. ) y = sin || .
, , > 0
. sin |x + | = sin || R. x = ---
sin T + --- = 1, T + --- = --- + 2 n T = 2n; n N.

2
2
2
3
3
3
x = ------ , , sin T + ------ = 1, . . T + ------ = --- +

2
2
2
2
+ 2k = + 2 k; k N.
, + --- + ------
2
> 0. , 2n = + 2k
.
) y = cos |x| = cos x
2.
) y = |sin x| + |cos x|
/2. ,
sin x + --- + cos x +

2
--- = |cos x| + |sin x| x R.

2
, y = |sin x| + |cos x|,
n
2 , x = --- + ------- , n Z.
4
,
|sin x| + |cos x| =
2 sin2 x + |sin 2x| + cos2x = 2
n
|sin 2x| = 1 cos 2x = 0 2x = --- + n x = --- + ------- ; n Z.
2
,
/2.
, . , . $
1. : x ( ; 0].
2. : 5 .
3. : x =
116
11
--------- + 2n, n Z.
8
4. : = 3.
.
:
|x | 3 x2
a x2 + x 3,
x a 3 x 2,

x x2 3
a x2 + x + 3.

,
(. 38).
a
x=a
3
a = x2 + x 3
1
1
x
a = x2 + x + 3
. 38
= 0
0.
,
1.
5. : = 5, = 4 = 4, = 5.
6. : 5.
. b
, S ,
a + b + a2 + b2
P
-------- = ---------------------------------------------- =
1
S
--- ab
2
a
2 --- +
b
b
--- +
a
a
b
--- + ---
b
a
2 (2 +
2)
117
(
). 2 + 2 2 > 4,8,
.
P
, -------- = 5 ,
S
,
1
t + --- +
t
1
5
t 2 + ---2- = ------- t =
t
2
a
--- .
b
1
u = t + ---
t
5
29
u 2 2 = ------- u u = ------------- .
2
10 2
,
1
29
29
t + --- = ------------- t 2 ------------- t + 1 = 0,
t
10 2
10 2

,
.
, .
1. : x = 1, x = 3 .
1
2
2. : x ; -------
1
------- ; + .
3. : 1,5 .
4. : x =
3
------ + 2 n, n Z.
8
3
5. : AB = --2- , BC =
33
------ .
10
. K, L, N ,
,
ABC.
Q ( Q).
,
118
, :
K = AN = x, BK = BL = y, CL = CN = 3 x, BP = QM = m,
PQ = 2m (. 39).
B
P
Q
A
. 39
,
, ,
, :
K 2 = BQ,
BK = NM = y =
MN 2 = MQMP
3
3 m
AB = AM = --- .
2
, ABC
, ,
1
= --2
2AB 2 + 2BC 2 AC 2
9
64m2 = --- + 2(y x + 3)2 9.
2
y
3
m = ------- , = --- , ,
2
33
9
y = ------ = ------ .
10
10
6. : --2- .
. b
, , , a R
r
c
a+bc
. , R = --- , r = ------------------------- ,
2
r
a+bc
a
b
---- = ------------------------- = --- + --- 1 = cos + sin 1
R
c
c
c
2 1.
119
R
, ----
r
2 > 2,4. ,
.
R
5
---- = --- , ,
r
2
R
5
2
7
---- = --- cos + sin 1 = --- sin + --- = ---------

r
2
5
4
5 2
,
.
, 11 ,
2010 .

1. : 4.
4
--- + 2n, = --- + 2k;

5
2
4
x = arcsin --- + 2n, = --- + 2k, n, k Z.

2
5
2. : x = + arcsin
3. : 55 778.
4. : 2011.
5. : : .
2AH, : BD = 2,
HD.
6. : k = 3.
7. : l3.
. 1) , l1, l2
l3 . e 1 ,
e 2 e 3 , l1, l2 l3
120 .
li, i = 1, 2, 3
e i e i ,
.
, k
120
l1, m l2 n
l3, ,
, AB = k e 1 + m e 2 + n e 3 ,
k, m n , k, m n
(. 40).
l3
l2
3
A
1
l1
2
. 40
l1
2010 e 1 (
). ,
.
,
AC = k e 1 + m e 2 + n e 3 = 2010 e 1
(k 2010) e 1 + m e 2 + n e 3 = 0 .

n( e 1 + e 2 + e 3 ) = 0 , ,
(k 2010 n) e 1 + (m n) e 2 = 0 ,
k 2010 = n m = n, e 1 e 2
. , k, m, n, , k, m
n , .
, k, m n
.
l3.
121
2) l1, l2 l3 .
e 1 , e 2 e 3 ,
l1, l2 l3
60 (. 41).
l3
3
2
l1
A
l2
1
. 41
, ,
(k 2010) e 1 + m e 2 + n e 3 = 0
, k 2010 = m = n = 0.
, , , k = k 2010 0.
k e 1 , l2 l3,
m e 2 + n e 3 ,
0 .
. , k, m n .
,
, .
8. : 15 .
9. : .
. a1, a2, ..., a6
1 = 3 2 . ,
a1, a2, ..., a6. ,
a1, a2 a4 ( a1 + a2 =
= 1 + a > 2 = a4) a2, a3
a5 , .
122
ABCD,
= a2 = ,
= a3 = a2, = a5 = 2, AD = a4 = 2,
CD = a1 = 1 BD = a6 = 2a2 (. 42).
ABC ACD ABC,
D
, .
ABCD1 ABCD2 (. 43, 44).
D1
a1
a1
a4
C
a2
a4
a5
a2
a6
a5
A
A
a3
B
a3
. 42
. 43
, BD1 > a6 = 2a2, a BD2 < 6.

BD1. ABC AD1C
ACD1. , ABCD , || D1C.
BAC = ACD1 = , ABC = CAD1 = ACB =
= AD1C = . D1AB = + = .
ACD1 :
2
5a
2 = AD 12 + D1C 2 2AD1 D1Ccos , cos = -----------------
4
a2 5
cos( + ) = ----------------- . ,
4
123
ABD1, (
4 = 2):
BD 12 = AD 12 + AB2 2AD1cos ( + ) =
a2 5
4
= 4 + 2 42 ----------------- = 4 + 2 + 52 2 = 4 + 52.
4 +52 a 62 = (22)2 = 44 = 8.
5x2 8x + 4 ,
. , BD1 > a6.
BD2 ,
D2
BD2 < a6. E
a1
AD2 , =
C
= ACD2 = , ABC = CAD2 =
a4
ACB = AD2C = (. . 44).

A
( ) ,
E
a
2
a5
a
2 = , = ---
2
3a
EB = ------ . ,
2
ACD2
a
2 = EAD2, , A = ------
a3
ED2
. 44
a2
------ .
2
BED2 = AEC = = .
ACD2 :
2
a +14 a 3
AD 22 = AC2 + CD 22 2ACCD2cos cos = ---------------------------- = ----------------- .
2a
2a
BED2,
, ( 4 = 2):
BD 22 = EB2 + ED 22 2EBED2cos =
a
3a ( 4 a 2 )
9a 2
= --------- + 4 + --- 2a2 -----------------------------
4
a2 3
a
3
a2
----------------- = ------ + --- + 4 --- (7a2 12 2a) =
4
2a
a2
a
21a 2
3a
= ------ + --- + 4 ------------ + 9 + ------ = 13 + 2a 5a2.
4
124
13 + 2 5 2 a 62 = 8.
f(x) = 5x 2 + 6x 13,
74 3
--------------------- < 1,2, a =
5
2 > 1,2, f(a) > 0
13 + 2 5a 2 < 8, , BD2 < a6.

, BD1 > a6, BD2 < a6.
, D1 D2.
D ,
( D1 = D0 0, D2 = D
, [0, ]). [0, ]
() = BD. (0) > 6, () < 6
() . , 0 (0, ),
(0) = 6. ABCD, D = D ,
0
.
10. : 252.
, .
1. : 13,5 9 .
1
2. : 2 ; x = arccos --3- .
3. : 3, 3 3 , 9, 9 3 , 27.
5
4. : --7- .
5. : a 1.
.
1 = , b + 1 = q, f(x).
:
f(x) = ( + q)x2 + (3q 4)x + 4 2q 0.
, 0
q, p < 0, q,
. ,
p 0, p. q = p
7x + 6 0, .
q > , y = f(x)
f(x) 0 q.
q < . y = f(x)
f(0) = 4 2q > 0, q < p < 2. ,
f(x) 0 q .
125
< 0 ( p).
q < 0 y = f(x) .

D = (3q 4)2 4 ( + q) (4 2q) = 17q2 32q = q(17q 32).
32p
q --------- ; 0 , D < 0 f(x) 0

17
. b, ,
a 1.
6. : SSLN = 16.
. , K || . ,
. LN,
(
BDS), ACS.
, , L N
SH SABCD
S. SM = SK = , SL = , SN = 3.

MNKL BDS ,
BD. DS M1,
BS K1. SM1 = SK1 = (. 45, 46).
S
L
K
O
M
L
N
M1
C
K1
O
N
H
A
. 45
126
. 46
M1SK1 LN
, , :
M1 O K1 N
SL
x
3x y
3
------------- ------------ ------------ = 1 -------------- ----------------- = 1 y = --- x.
3x
LM 1 OK 1
NS
yx
2
SM1K1 SLN
:
2
1
3
--- x
--- SM 1 SK 1 sin M 1 SK 1
S SM1 K1
2
2
y
2
3
----------------------- = ------------------------------------------------------------------------ = --------2- = --------------2 = 4.
S SLN
1
3x
3x
--- SLSNsin LSN
2
S SM
= SSMK = 12, SSLN = 16.
1 K1
, .
1. : 8 , n = 4.
2. : x = + arcsin
3
--- + 2n; n Z.
4
3. : x (0, 2].
4. : x = 0, x =
1 + 65
--------------------- .
8
. f(t) = 2t t 2
t = 1 , f(t1) = f(t2)
t +t
2
1
2
, t1 = t2, ---------------- = 1.
:
x + 4 = 4x2,
1 + 65
x = --------------------- .
x + 4 = 2x x 0
8
:
x + 4 + 2x = 2
5. :
x + 4 = (2 2x)2,
x = 0.
x + 4 = 2 2x x 1
3
13
------- |MN| ---------- .
2
4
6. : N = 43.
127
. N . x
,
:
1
1
1
yx
1
--- --- = ----- -------------- = ----- Ny Nx = xy x(N + y) = Ny
y
N
N
x
xy
Ny
Ny + N 2 N 2
N2
x = ---------------- = --------------------------------------- = N ---------------- .
N+y
N+y
N+y
N
, ----------------
N+y
. N , N 2
, N ( N 2).
:
y = N 2 N, x = N 1. N ,
, N
N 2. , N = q, q
, 1 < , q < N, p 2q p 2q 2 N
N 2. ,
. ,
N = 43 .
, .
1
1. : --3- .
2. : x 1,
3. : x
1 + 5
------------------ .
2
1
-------------, + .
2010 2
4. : SACD =
294
--------- .
25
5. : x = 1 5 , x = 1
10
---------- .
3 3
. = 3 1 + x + 3 3 x
.
. t = x 1, x = t + 1
:
3
128
2+t +
2 t = a 4 + 3a 3 4 t 2 = a3.
= 0 t,
. 0, :
a3 4
----------------- =
3a
a2
4
4 t 2 ------ ------ =
4 t2
3a
4 t2 .
4 t,
a2
4
, ------ ------
3
1
4
--- --- = 1 <
3
x=1
4 , ,
4
2
2
--- --- = --- <
3
3
3
4 , ,
4 . = 1,
4 t 2 = 1, t = 5
1
4
5
5 . = 1, --- + --- = --- >
3
3a
4 . = 2
2
10
4 t 2 = --- , t = ----------
3
3 3
10
4
2
x = 1 ---------- . = 2 , --- + --- = 2 >
3
3
3 3
4 . ,
a2
a2
4
4
, || > 2, ------ 3 ------ < 1, ------ ------ > 2 >
3
3a
3a
4.
, = 1 = 2
, x x = 1
10
5 x = 1 ---------- .
3 3
6. : = log23.
. ,
f(x) = cos x + cos ax . ,
p
= --- , q q > 0. T = 2q
q
. , cos (x + 2q) = cos x

p
p
p
cos --- (x + 2q) = cos --- x + 2p = cos --- x
q
q
q
. f(x) ,
b, f(x) = b
.
,
cos x + cos ax = 2 x = 0.
, :
cos x + cos ax = 2
cos x = 1,
x = 2k,

cos x = 1
x = 2n; k, n Z.
129
x 0
n
, , = --- ,
k
. , x = log2 3
.
, .
1. : .
2. : x 0;
51
--- arccos ------------------ ; --- .
4
2
2
3. : {(2; 3); (3; 2); (0; 5); (5; 0)}.

4. : SAOB = 5.
.
BD ABCD.
BDC ( ,
) ABE CDE (. 47).
B
2
K
2
O
R
E
5
D
. 47
:
4
AB
BE
4
--- = --------- = --------- = tg
sin = ---------- .
5
CD
CE
41
130
B ,
, :
AB
41
R = OA = --------------------------------- = ---------- .
2 sin ACB
K ,
K = 2, ,
K =
5
1
OA 2 AK 2 = --- SAOB = --- K = 5.
2
5. : {(369, 26); (86, 24); (9, 10); (30, 20); (6, 4);
(5, 0); (198, 1060); (85, 480); (57, 310); (33, 160);
(30, 140); (22, 72)}.
5
6. : = --6- , x =
16
------ .
25
A+B+ AB
- ,
. max {A, B} = -----------------------------------------2
:
1
1
1
1
---------- + --------------------- + ---------- --------------------- + a 0
3 x
4 1x
3 x
4 1x
a
1
1
max ---------- , --------------------- ---
2
3 x
4 1 x
a < 0,

a
1
---------- --- ,
2
3 x

a
1
--------------------- --2
4 1x
a < 0,
4
x --------2- ,
9a
1
1 x --------24a
4
x --------2- ,
9a
1
x 1 --------2- .
4a

1
4
, < 0 --------2- = 1 --------2- ,
9a
4a
5
6
= --- . ,
16
, = ------ .
25
131
, .
1. : 20 .
2. : x = 2.
3. : BAC = arctg 3.
4. : n = 27.
. , n 26
, n 27 .
1
16
n = 26, x = ------ . ,
1
1
3
49
51
cos ------ cos ------ cos ------ ... cos ------ cos ------ .
16
16
16
16
16
1
3
49
------ , ------ , ..., ------ = 3,0625
16
16
16
(0; ),
50
51
49
. ------ = 3,125 < , ------ , -----16
16
16
49
51
1
cos ------ > cos ------ . , = ------
16
16
16
n 26.
n = 27 x = x0
. ,
1
x0 (, ]. x0 ; ------ ,
16
1
cos x0 cos x0 + --- . x0 0; --- ,

8
27
26
26
cos x0 + ------ cos x0 + ------ , ------ = 3,25
8
26
27
< x0 + ------ < x0 + ------ < 2. x0 --- ; ,

8
13
14
cos x0 + ------ cos x0 + ------ .

8
8
13
13
14
, ------ > --- < x0 + ------ < x0 + ------ < 2.

8
132
1
16
, x0 ------ ; 0 . ,
26
27
cos x0 + ------ < cos x0 + ------ . :
8
1
26
51 26
x0 ------ ; 0 x0 + ------ ------ ; -----16
16
[3,1875; 3,25]
26
27
< x0 + ------ < x0 + ------ < 2.

8
, n = 27 (,
n 27)
.
5. : ;
6. :
1 43
------------------------3
[7; +).
2
1
------ SSLN --- .
25
8
. SH ,
K LN KLMN.
K LN ASC
BSD, SH,
. KSM,
1
1
KS = --- , SM = --- , KSM = 90 ( ASC ),
2
SP KSM (. 48).

, , :
2SKSM
2
SP = ------------------------------- = ------- .
SK + SM
BSD,
L SB, N SD,
LN (. 49). SP
BSD. SL = , SN = , 0 x, y 1.
:
x
2SLSN
2
2xy
SP = ------------------------------ ------- = -------------- y = ----------------- .
SL + SN
x+y
5x 1
133
M
L
S
N

5
H
A
. 48
. 49
1
y 1, --- x 1. SLN
4
1
1
x2
SSLN = --- SLSN = --- ----------------- .
2
5x 1
x2
1
S(x) = --- -----------------
2
5x 1
1
--- x 1. .
4
:
x ( 5x 2 )
1 2x ( 5x 1 ) 5x 2
- = ---------------------------2- .
S(x) = --- --------------------------------------------2
( 5x 1 )
2 ( 5x 1 )
1
--- x 1 S(x)
4
2
2
x = --- . S(x) x = --- ,
5
1
x = 1 x = --- . :
4
2
2
1
1
1
S --- = ------ , S(1) = --- , S --- = --- .
5
134
25
2
1
------ , --- .
25
, , S(x)
1
--- x 1,
4
. , SLN
2
1
------ SSLN --- .
25

, 2009 .
1. :
--- + n, n Z.
4
sin x ( 4cos 2 x 1 )
------------------------------------------------ = ctg2 x,
cos x ( 4cos 2 x 1 )
sin 3x
sin x = 0,
- = ctg2 x
. ---------------------------------------cos 3x + 2cos x
cos x = 0,
1
2
cos x = --- ;
tg x = ctg2 x, tg3 x = 1, x = --- + n, n Z.

4
2. :
5
1
----- ; ------ .
16
16
.
4x 2
--------- +
9
3
2x
x 2 9y 2 = --- ------ ,
3
15
------ 2x 4y = 1 + 4y
16
136
x2 9y2 0,
x2 9y2 0,
3
2x
--- ------ 0,
3
4
9
x ------ ,
1 + 4y 0,
4y 1,
16

4x 2
9
223x
4x 2
--------- + x 2 9y 2 = ------ ----------------------- + --------- ,
43
9
9
16
15
------ 2x 4y = 1 + 8y + 16y2
16
9
x = 8y2 + ------ ,
32
1
x = 8y2 6y ------ .
32
5
1
, 8y2 + 3y + ------ = 0, y1 = ------ ;
32
16
5
5
y2 = ------ ( ), x = ------ .
16
16
3. : (1; 0) (0; 1) (1; 4).

. log|x| ( 5 x + 4) 2 log x 2 (8 2x),
5 x 0,
8 2x > 0,
: x = 0,
|x| = 1.
:
x < 4,
: x 0,
|x| 1
|x| > 1,
|x| > 1,
( 5 x + 4) (8 2x);

|x| < 1,
( 5 x ) 4 2x;
|x| < 1,
( 5 x + 4) (8 2x)
5 x (4 2x).

|x| > 1,
( 5 x ) 4 2x
|x| > 1,
x 2,
x (1; 2],
4x2 15x + 11 0; x (2; 5],
x > 2,
5x0
, x (1; 4).

|x| < 1,
( 5 x ) 4 2x
|x| < 1,
x 2,
x (1; 1).
5 x 0,
4x2 15x + 11 0
, x (1; 0) (0; 1).

, : x (1; 0) (0; 1) (1; 4).
4. :
79
21 12
---------- , ---------- , ------- .
5
5
7
137
. K, L, M
3H
ABCD, -------- , H (. 50).
10
D
L
C
B
M
M
. 50
K, L, M K, L, M ABCD.
, ABC = BCD = 120 =
= KLM, KBL MCL .
79
379
KL = ML = ---------- KM = ------------------ ,
5
, KLM,
KM
79
r = ------------------------ = ---------- .
2sin 120
,
A(0; 0; 0), K, L, M
12
7 7 3
K ------ ; ---------- ; h , L ------ ;
10
10
37 3 3
3 ; h , M ------ ; ---------- ; h , h
10
10
KLM ABCD.
, K, L, M.
2
2
7
7 3
----- x0 + ---------- y0 + (h z0)2 = 4,
10
10
12
------ x0 + 3 y0 + (h z0)2 = 4,
5
2
2
3 3
37
------ x0 + ---------- y0 + (h z0)2 = 4,
10
10
138
x0, y0, z0 O. ,
x0 = 2, y0 = 0. , ,
OP AADD.
KLM ,
P .
OP
OP K, (OK)2 = (P K)2 + (OP )2, OK
, 2, P K
79
KLM, ---------- , ,
5
21
OP = ---------- . ,
5
OKB OBP. KB
KKB, KB =
9H 2
9
----------- + ------ ,
100
25
9
9H 2
OKB OB2 = 4 + ----------- + ------ , OBP
100
25
3H
21
, OB2 = (BP)2 + (OP)2, BP = 2, OP = ---------- -------- ,
10
5
2
9H
21
2
213H
OB2 = 4 + ------ --------------------------- + ----------- ,
100
25
510
4
OB2, H = ---------- ,
21
:
1
4 3
12
V = --- (4 + 2) ---------- = ------- .
2
21
5. : CBD = --4- , BAC = arctg --3- .

B

3y
2z
y
3t
2t
. 51
139
. ED = t, AE = 3t, DC = 2t (. 51).
BE ABD, BD
EBC,
BD = y, AB = 3y, BE = z, BC = 2z.
6t
2z
ABC ABE --------------- = -------------- ,
sin 3
sin
z
3t
------------- = ------------ , sin 3 = sin , 3 sin 4 (sin )3 = sin ,
sin
sin
1
2
(sin )2 = --- , sin = ------- , = --- . ABD

2
1
, tg = --- .
3
1
6. : a = --4- .
.
, 90 OX
a;
, OY.
, y = x, x2 + x + a = 0,
1
D = 0, a = --- .
4
7. : (0; 0; 0),
1
--- ; 0; 0 ,
2
1
0; 1
--- ; 0 . 0; 0; --- , (1; 1; 1),
2

2
3
3 3
3
1
1 3
--1- ; 3
--- ; --- , --- ; --- ; --- , --- ; --- ; --- .
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
. 2(x2 y2) +
+ z(x y) = x y,
2(y2 z2) + x(y z) = y z,
,
(x y)(2x + 2y + z 1) = 0,
: (y z)(2y + 2z + x 1) = 0,
2z2 = xy + z,
:
x y = 0,
1) (y z)(2y + 2z + x 1) = 0,
2z2 = xy + z;
140
2x + 2y + z 1 = 0,
2) (y z)(2y + 2z + x 1) = 0,
2z2 = xy + z;
y z = 0,
3) (x y)(2x + 2y + z 1) = 0,
2z2 = xy + z;
2y + 2z + x 1 = 0,
4) (x y)(2x + 2y + z 1) = 0,
2z2 = xy + z.
,
:
x = y,
y z = 0,
2z2 = xy + z;
x = y,
2y + 2z + x 1 = 0,
2z2 = xy + z.
: (0; 0; 0), (1; 1; 1),
:
3 3
1
0; 0; 1
--- , --- ; --- ; --- . ,
2 7 7
7
:
z = y,
2x + 2y + z 1 = 0,
2z2 = xy + z;
2x + 2y + z 1 = 0,
2y + 2z + x 1 = 0,
2z2 = xy + z.
1
1 3 3
: --- ; 0; 0 , --- ; --- ; --- .
2
7 7 7
1
3
1 3
: 0; --- ; 0 , --- ; --- ; --- .
2
7
7 7
, .

. . .

, 2010 .
1. : 14 400, 10 000.
. : x (. .)
; y (. .) .
1,2x,
1,25y.

1,2x + 1,25y = 24 400,
24 400 = 1,2220 000,
x + y = 20 000,
, , x = 12 (. .), y = 8 (. .),
, 14 400 .
10 000 .
2. : x =
--- + 2k, k Z; x = ------ + 2n, n Z.

2
6
.
sin x = 1,
2(sin x)2 3 sin x + 1 = 0,

cos x 0
3. : 1653.
142
1
sin x = --- ,
x1 = --- + 2k,
2
3
--- + 2k; ------ + 2k

2
2
2
5
x2 = ------ + 2n, k Z, n Z.
6
. a1 = 113, d = 4.
,
an 0.
,
an = a1 + d(n 1) 0 113 + 4 4n 0, n = 29,

, n N.
2a + d ( n 1 )
2
1
S29 = ---------------------------------------- n = 1653.
4. : 2.
. 32x = 11 + 22 x. 2x = t > 0 (
1
). 3t2 11t 4 = 0, t1 = 4; t2 = ------3
( ), 2x = 4, x = 2.
5. : x [0; 9) (9; 36).

. : x 0. t =
:
x 0.
t+2
2t + 9
t 2 2t 3
------------ ------------------------------ ----------------------------------- 0
2
3t
(t 6)(t 3)
t 9t + 18
(t 3)(t + 1)
----------------------------------- 0, t [0; 3) (3; 6).
(t 6)(t 3)
x, x [0; 9) (9; 36).
6. : 1;
1
--- .
2
5
- .
. : f (x) = sin 2 x 2 ----6
[; ]. :
z(x) = 2 x2; t(z) =
5
z ; (t) = t ------ ; y = sin ().
6
. E(z) = [0; 2],
5
E(t) = [0; ], E() = ----------- ; --- . y = sin ()
6
5
1
----------- ; --- , , E(f ) = 1; --- .
6
7. : 8 3 .
143
. CM = 4, BN = 2 7 .
CNB CN = NA = x, CB = y. x2 + y2 = 28.
ABC 4x2 + y2 = 64. x = 2 3 , y = 4.
1
SABC = --- ACBC = 8 3 .
2
8. : 15.
.
9 ( x )2
6
x
3
0
0
x0, y = ----- (x x0) + ------------------------ ,
M(4; 3),
9 ( x0 )2
x0
x = 9,
3 = ------------------------ ----- (4 x0), (x0)2 8x0 9 = 0 01
6
3
x02 = 1.
x01 = 9
y = 3x + 15.
(1)
x01 = 1
x
5
y = --- + --- .
3
(2)

: x = 5
; x = 5 .
1
1
SAB = --- |AB|yM = --- 103 = 15 (.)2.
2
9. : a ;
1
--2
1; .
1
a (; 0] --- ; 1 , x = 8a + 4 2 ( 2a 2 3a + 1 ) .
2
1
6a 2
a 0; --- , x1 = 8a + 4 2 ( 2a 2 3a + 1 ) , x2 = ------------------ .
3
a
1
1
a --- ; --- (1; + ), x1, 2 = 8a 4 2 ( 2a 2 3a + 1 ) .
3 2
. 64a(x 6) + 128 = (x + |x|)2.

1) x 0 : a(x 6) + 2 = 0,
1
6a 2
x = ------------------ , , a 0; --a
3
.
144
2) x > 0 : x2 16ax 32 + 96a = 0.

D
---- = 32(2a2
4
1
3a + 1) = 64(a 1) a --- , x = 8a,
2
f (0) = 32(3a 1), f (x) = x2 16ax + 96a 32.

: x1, 2 = 8a 4 2 ( 2a 2 3a + 1 ) .

D > 0,
x > 0, a
f (0) > 0
1
1
--- ; --- (1; ).
3 2

D = 0,
x > 0;
1
f (0) < 0; a ; --
3
f (0) = 0,
x > 0
--- ; 1 .
2
x 0 x > 0, :
1
a ; --2
[1; ).
10. :
21
------- ; 1 : 9.
5
. TABC (. 52) TA AB, TA AC,

, TA (ABC ). R AC.
TMR.
1
STMR = --- TRhM min. AC =
2
160 = 4 10 ABC.
TR = 40 + 9 = 7 TAR. hM min = (TR, AB).

l AB R.
TR l (AB ),
TR AB
AB. (A, ) = (TR, AB). T
ABC, TA (ABC ),
145
C
R
A
M
. 52
. 53
BC
ABC AF l (. 53), . . AF BC, AF = --------- = 6,
2
TF l. TAF
TAAF
(. 54) , AP = (A, ), AP TF. AP = ---------------------- =
TF
6
= ------- , TF =
5
TA 2
TP
1
76
21
45 , AP = hmin; -------- = ----------2- = --- ; Smin = ----------- = ------- .
PF
TFR (. 55) PN l,
AM
0,4
= 0,4; AB = 4; MB = 3,6; ---------- = -------MB
3,6
2 5
5
PN
1
--------- = --- , PN = 0,4; PN = AM =
FR
5
1
= --- .
9
. 54
146
AF
. 55
, 2010 . 1
1. : 10 8.
. (p) ,
5
p + --- .
2
100
100
-------------- + 2 = --------- , 2p2 + 5p 250 = 0, p = 10 (./).
p
5
p + --2
, 100 ,
100
--------- = 10 (),
10
1002
100 ----------------- = 8 ().
25
2. : x =
5
3
--- + 2k, k Z; x = ------ + 2n, n Z; ------ ; --- .

4
4
4 4
. 2 (sin x)2 + sin x 2 = 0,

2
sin x = -------
2
x = --- + 2k,
4
k Z, n Z.
3
x = ------ + 2n,
4
3
----------- ; --2
--- , ------ .
4
3. : 25.
. n ,
n = 2k + 1. k + 1.
( 2a + 2kd ) ( 2k + 1 )
2
1
Sn = -------------------------------------------------------- ;
( 2a + 2kd ) ( k + 1 )
2
1
S = ---------------------------------------------------- = (a1 + dk)(k + 1);
13 ( a + dk ) ( 2k + 1 )
25
52
1
S = --------- Sn, (a1 + dk)(k + 1) = ------------------------------------------------------- ,
100
k = 12, n = 25.
1
4. : x = --2- .
147
. :
x > 0,
x = 1,
3
x < --2
3
x 0; --- ,
2
x = 1.

1
1 + log 3
--- x log 2 --
2
2
1
1 + log 3
--- x logx --- = 1 ------------------------------------------------------------- =
2
2
2
log 2 x
3
1
= 1 log2 2 --- x = log2 ---
2
x
2x2
1
x = --- ,
3x + 1 = 0
x = 1.
5. : x [0; 1) (1; 2) (3; ).

. : x 0,
x = 1.
( 4 x 122 x + 32 ) ( x 1 )
--------------------------------------------------------------------- > 0 (2x 4)(2x 8)( x + 1) > 0
x1
(x 2)(x 3) > 0, , :
x [0; 1) (1; 2) (3; ).
6. : [2; ).
3 log6 x > 0,
. : log6 x > 1,
x > 0.
f (x) = log 1 (3 log6 x) + log 1 (1 + log6 x),
--2
--2
f (x) = log 1 ((log6 x)2 + 2 log6 x + 3). g(x) = (log6 x)2 +

--2
+ 2 log6 x + 3, , , log6 x (1; 3),

E(g) = (0; 4], E(f ) = [2; ).
7. : 162.
. ,
B C, BM = BK = CM = CN = a.
A D AK = AT = DN = DT = b. BAD = .
3
BP = h = 2r = 10. ABP sin = --- =
5
10
4
ba
5
= -------------- ; cos = --- = -------------- , a = --- ; b = 15;
a+b
148
a+b
10
BC = ------ ; AD = 30; KBS ABP, S = KN BP, BS = 1, SP = 9,
3
BCa + ADb
2a 2 + 2b 2
( 6 + 30 )9
KN = ------------------------------------------- = -------------------------- = 6, SAKND = ------------------------------ = 162.
a+b
a+b
2
x
3
8. : y1 = 3 x 9; y2 = ------- 1.
2
x
. y = ----12
( x )2
12
2x
12
0
0
x0: y = --------- (x x0) + ------------ .
x0 = 6 3 , y1 = 3 x 9.

1 ,
y1
x
3
y2 = ------- + b. ,
x
6
x
6
1
0
y(x0) = ------- = ----- , x0 = ------- . , y2 = ------- 1.
3
9. : a (; 1), x =
1a
-------------- .
2a
1a
a = 1, x1 = 1, x2 = -------------- = 1.
2a
2
1a
2 4 + 2a 2a 2
a (1; 0), x1, 2 = -------------------------------------------------------- , x3 = -------------- .
2a
2a
1
a = 0, x = ------ .
16
2 2
2 + 4 + 2a 2a
a (0; 1), x = ------------------------------------------------------- .
2a
a = 1, x = 0.
1a
a (1; ), x = -------------- .
2a
. 1. 1) x 0,
2ax = 1 a, a = 0 , a = 0
1a
x = -------------- ,
2a
a (; 0) [1; ), , x 0.

149
2) x > 0 4 x + 2ax + a 1 = 0.
t = x > 0. : 2at2 + 4t + a 1 = 0.
,
.
2. 1) ,
1
t 2 , . . a = 0, t = --- .
4
2) ,
1, t = 1 ( ),
, . . D = 0, a =
2, t < 0 ( ).
.
3) ,
f(0)
---------- < 0,
a
a
1
f(t) = 2at 2 + 4t + a 1, -------------- < 0, , a (0; 1)
a
.
4) , ,

D > 0,
f(0)
---------- > 0,
a
t. > 0
a (1; 2),
a (; 0) (1; ) a (1; 0),
a (; 0).
, a (1; 0) ,
.
5) , 0,
.
f (0) = 0,
a = 1,

.
a > 0.
t. > 0
a,
.
10. : 21.
. a
(. 56). BB1C1 O,
= C1B CB1. AO
BA1.
AA1B1 AP A1B. AP BB1 = P,
B1B = BP (. 57).
150
A1
B1
P3
P2
C1
A
a
P1
. 56
A1
B1
C1
P2
B1
O
C
P1
. 57
. 58
CC1B1 P O.
OP C1B1 = P2, OP CB = P1. P2B1P P1BP (
a
2a
2). P1B = --- ; P2B1 = ------ (. 58). P1 P2
3
. ABC
AP1, BP1 : P1C = 1 : 2. P2P3 AP1,
151
P
B
P1
P 3
P 2
. 59
. 60
P3 AC . , AP3P2P1
, BA1, AP,
BA1.
S
S ABC ,
S
cos
: S = ------------- .
S . 59, P 3 P 2
P3 P2 ABC.
AP1 P 2 P 3 :
S = S AP
1C
a2 3
a2 3
a2 3
S CP P = ------------- ------------- = ------------- .
2
24
a = 2 14 , S = 7 3 .

, ,
ABC. P
PB ABC, B
BK AP1 = (ABC ) (AP1P2P3)
(. 60).
KPB (. 60). PB (ABC ),
BK AP1, PK AP1.
PKB ( ).
BA1,
BA1 B
BH.
152
BH
BKH sin = --------- . . 59, BK
BK
a2 3
1
ABP1. S ABP = --- AP1BK = ------------- . AP1
2
12
a 7
ABP1 : AP1 = ----------- .
3
a 3
BK = ----------- , . . BK =
2 7
6 . :
2
sin = ------- ;
6
1
cos = ------- .
3
:
S = 21.
, 2010 . 2
1. : 5; 6,25.
. 100
p , 1
100
--------- . 100
p
100
(p + 1,25) 1 ---------------------- .
p + 1,25

100
100
--------- = ---------------------- + 4, 4p2 + 5p 125 = 0.
p
p + 1,25
p = 5 ,
p + 1,25 = 6,25 .
2. : x =
--- + k, k Z; x --- + 2n, n Z;

3
2
2
3
x = ------ + 2m, m Z.
. cos 3x + 2 cos x = 0; 4 cos3 x 3 cos x + 2 cos x = 0;
cos x(4 cos2 x 1) = 0. cos x = 0; x = --- + k, k Z.

2
1
2
4 cos2 x 1 = 0; cos x = --- ; x = --- + 2n,

2
3
x = ------ + 2m, n Z, m Z.
153
3. : n = 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, ..., 17.
( 28 + 28 3 ( n 1 ) )n
- 68,
. a1 = 28; d = 3, Sn = ----------------------------------------------------------2
8
3n2 59n + 136 0, n --- ; 17 , n N, n [3; 17] N.
3
4. : x = --8- , x = 2.
. (log2 x) log27 (4x) = log3 2; : x > 0.
log ( 4x )
3log 2 3
2
log2 x ----------------------- = log3 2; log2 x(2 + log2 x) = 3;
log2 x = 3,
log 22 x + 2 log2 x 3 = 0 log x = 1
2
1
x = --- ,
8
x = 2.
5. : {0} [2; 3].

1
1
. ( 9 x 2 3) --------------------- ------------------ 0;
2x + 2
x+4
x > 4,
: x > 1, x (1; 3].
x2 9 0
9 x 2 3 0,
x+4
9 x2 9,
x + 4 2x + 2,
9 x2 9,
x + 4 2x + 2;
2x + 2 0,
9 x 2 3,
x+4
2x + 2 ;
x = 0,
x 2,
x R,
x 2;
x = 0, : x [2; 3] {0}.
x 2;
6. :
1
--- ; + .
. f (x) = 125 0,2 ( 4 log6 x )log6 x .

g(x) = (4 log6 x) log6 x = log 62 x + 4 log6 x.
g(x) (; 4].
f (x) = 1250,2g(x)
D(f (x)) = E(g(x)), E(f (x)) =
1
= [1250,24; +) E(f (x)) = --- ; + .
5
154
C
4x
3x
5x
. 61
7. : AB = 3; BC = 10; CD = 4; AD = 15.
. AB = 3x, CD = 4x. BE CD,
12
ABE, ABE = 90, , AE = 5x, BH = ------ x.

5
BC = ED = a. (. 61),
AM + MD AD
AMD, : 3 = ----------------------------------------------- .
2
ABE AMD AM MD.

15 + 15 5x 12x
, AD = 15, SABCD = 30 = ---------------------------------- --------- .
2
5
x = 1, BC = a = 10, AB = 3, CD = 4.
9
3 = --- + x.
5
: x = 1; a = 10.
9
x
3
8. : y = 3 x --2- ; y = ------- --2- .

.
x0:
x2
6
2x
6
x x
3
x2
6
0
0
0
0
y = --------- (x x0) + ----- = --------- ----- .
x01 = 3 3 , :
9
y = 3 x --- , . . k1 = 3 .
2
k k
1 + k1 k2
1
2
1
tg = ------- = ----------------------- , k2
3
1
3
2 . k2 = ------- .
155
,
x
3
02
x02 : k2 = -------- ,
1
x02 = 3 y02 = --- .
2
1
: y = ------- (x +
3
1
x
1
3 ) + --- y = ------- --- .
2
9. : a (; 0]
3
1
--- ; 1 --- ; + ;
2
2
2 4 + 8a 12a
a (; 0), x = ----------------------------------------------------- ;
a
a = 0, x = 9;
1
8a 12
a --- ; 1 , x = --------------------- ;
2
a
2
3
2 + 4 + 8a 2 12a
a --- ; + , x = ----------------------------------------------------- .
. 2 2 ( x + x ) = a(x 8) + 12.
x 0. ax 8a + 12 = 0, ax = 8a 12,
8a 12
a = 0 , a = 0 x = --------------------- , ,
a
3
x 0, 1 a 0; --- .
2
x > 0, ax 4 x 8a + 12 = 0.
t =
x > 0,
at2 4t 8a + 12 = 0,
(1)
4
2
f (t) t = ------ = --- ,
a
2a
f (t) = at2 4t 8a + 12;

D
---- = 4 + 8a2 12a, D 0,
4
1
8a2 12a + 4 0, 2a2 3a + 1 0, a ; --- [1; +).
2
, t2 ,
t = 3 a = 0.
D = 0, a =
1
--- , t = 4,
2
1, t = 2.
156
.
f (0)
2a 3
----------- < 0, ------------------ > 0,
a
3
a (; 0) --- ; + .
2
f (0) = 0,, a = 3--- .

2
t > 0,
D > 0,
f (0)
3
- > 0 , a 0; 1
--- 1; --- .
---------a
2
2
t > 0,
a, .
10. :
21
---------- .
2 2
. M A1C1, a
. AM BA1 (. 62).
1) AA1B1 AP BA1 (. 63).
P1 = (AP1) (BB1), P = (AP) (A1B1).
2) A1B1C1 PM, P2 = PM C1B1
(. 64). B1P2 P2C1
x a2 a
--- ----------- ------ = 1, x = 2y,
y 2a 2a
2a
a
B1P2 = ------ , C1P2 = --- .
3
B1
A1
M
A1
B1
P2
C1
B
a
A
P3
P1
. 62
. 63
157
A1
B1
a

2
x
M
a

2
P2
y
C1
. 64
A
P3
P 2
C
. 65
3) ABC (. 65)
MP2 AP3, M P 2 MP2
a
ABC, BP3 = --- .
3
AMP2P3 ABC
S. = S AP
3 P 2 M
= SABC S ABP S CMP =

3
a2 3
1 a2 3
1
a
3
1 a a
3
= --- ------------- --- a --- ------- --- --- --- ------- = ------------- .
2
4) ABC (AMP2P3) = AP3, ,

ABC,
AMP2P3, P1 P1B ABC,
B AP3, BK AP3 (. 65).
BP1K ABC AMP2P3.
158
BH P1K, BH
B ,
HKB ABC
AMP2P3 (. 66).
BK. BK
(. . 66)
ABP3. S ABP
P1
H
1
1
a
3
= --- a --- ------- =
2
3
2
. 66
1
= --- AP3BK. AP3
2
.
a2
7a 2
a 1
AP 32 = a2 + ------ 2a --- --- = --------- ;
9
a 3
a 7
AP3 = ----------- ; BK = ----------- =
3
2 7
3.
1
BKH (. 66) sin = ------- ; cos =
2
--- ,
3
S
a 2 3 3
21
S. = ------------- = -------------------------- = ---------- .
cos
8 2
2 2
, 2009 . 1
1. : 30 , 120 .
. x (. .)
, y (. .)
.
1,2x,
1,25y. ,
186
----------- = 150 (. .),
1,24
1,2x + 1,25y = 186,

x + y = 150,
, , x = 30 (. .), y = 120 (. .).
2. : x = k, k Z; x = --6- + 2n, n Z; x =
5
------ + 2m,
6
m Z.
159
.
x = k,
sin x 0,
3 sin x + 2 sin x cos x = 0;

x = ------ + 2m, k, n, m Z,
6

sin x < 0,
x = --- + 2n.
3 sin x + 2 sin x cos x = 0
6
3. : 1825.
. a1 = 145, d = 6.
,
an 0, . . ,
.

, an = a1 + d(n 1) 0,
145 + 6 6n 0, n = 25, , n N.
2a + d ( n 1 )
2
1
S25 = ---------------------------------------- n = 1825.
4. :
1
------ ; 9.
27
. : x > 0.
log x ( log x + 1 )
6 log 3 2
log x log 3x
log 3 64
3
3
3
3
log3 x log64 3x = log2 3 ------------------------------------ = log2 3 ------------------------------------------------- =
= log2 3 (log3 x)2 + log3 x 6 = 0
log3 x = 3,

log3 x = 2
1
x = ------ ,
27
x = 9.
5. : x [0; 4) (4; 16).

. t = x 0.
t+4
: -----------2t
t + 10
--------------------------2
t 6t + 8
t+3
------------ 0,
t4
t [0; 2) (2; 4). x,
t=2
x [0; 4) (4; 16).
1
6. : c ; --2- (4; ).

c
- , x [2; 4],
. f (x) = ------------cx
fmax > 0,2. x = c, c (; 2) (4; ).
160
c
f (x) = --------------------2- . c > 0, f (x) > 0, . .
(c x)
c
. fmax = f (4) = ------------- . c < 0, f (x) < 0, . .
c4
c
. fmax = f (2) = ------------- . c = 0, f (x) = 0,
c2
. . . c
:
c > 0,
c > 0,
c
------------- > 0,2,
c4
c+1
------------- > 0,
c4
c < 0,
c
------------- > 0,2
c2
c < 0,
1
c ; --- (4; ).
2
2c + 1
----------------- > 0
c2
7. : 7.
. ABC
1
1
S = --- ABBCsin B, 16 3 = --- 8BCsin 60,
2
BC = 8.
, ABC .
BKL KL =
AKM, KM =
28 .
7 . CML, ML =
28
KML = 90, R = ---------- =
2
21 .
7,
R2 = 7.
8. : 68.
.
x0 (. 67).
y = x 02 6x0 + 25 + (2x0 6)(x x0).
x = 2, ,
AB = x 02 6x0 + 25 + (2x0 6)(2 x0) = x 02 + 4x0 + 13.
x = 6, , CD = x 02 + 12x0 11.
ABCD (. 68) . ABCD
AB + CD
SABCD = -------------------------- BD = 4( x 02 + 8x0 + 1),
2
BD = 4.
161
A
D
B
O
x0
. 67
S ABCD
= 4(2x0 + 8) = 0.
x0 = 4.
9. : p (2; 1] [2; 6).

p (2; 1] {2}, x1 = p +
x2 = p +
p + 2 , y2 = 1.
p (2; 6), x1 = p +
x2 = p
p + 6 , y1 = 3;
p + 6 , y1 = 3;
p + 6 , y2 = 3.
6x
y2 2y + 3 = --------- ,
x
: x = 0.
y + 3 p = (x p)2.
x > 0 :
y2 2y + 3 = 6
y1 = 3,
y2 = 1.
x < 0 .
x > 0 y = 3. y = 3
,
x2 2px + p2 + p 6 = 0.

D
---- = 6 p, x = p.
4
: x1, 2 = p
162
p + 6 .

D > 0,
p < 6,
x > 0,
p > 0,

p (; 3) (2; )
p2 + p 6 > 0
p (2; 6).

:
D = 0,
x > 0;
p2 + p 6 < 0;
p2 + p 6 = 0,
x > 0
p = 6,
p > 0;
p (3; 2);
p = {3; 2},
p>0
p = 6,
p (3; 2].

x = p + p + 6 .
x > 0 y = 1.
y = 1,
D
x2 2px + p2 + p 2 = 0, ---- = 2 p, x = p, x1, 2 = p
4
p + 2 .

D > 0,
x > 0,
p (1; 2).
p2 + p 2 > 0

:
D = 0,
x > 0;
p2 + p 2 < 0;
p2 + p 2 = 0,
x > 0
p = 2,
p (2; 1), p (2; 1] {2}.
p=1
, .
10. : Smin =
4R 2
---------- ; 3 : 19.
66
163
. TABC
TO
AT
2
1
(. 68) ------------ = ------- , TO1 = h, AT = b, AB = a,
3
O , AD .
T
M
M1
l
C
D
O1
A
B
. 68
1) AOO1
R2 = (h R)2 + (AO1)2.
(1)
2) ATO1
b2 = h2 + (AO1)2.
(2)
h
2
4R
4R
4R
--- = ------- , h = ------- , AO1 = ---------- , a = ------- ,
b
3 2
AD = R 2 .
3)
1
SADM = --- ADhmin, hmin = (TC, AD).
2
l AD C.
TC l ,
TC AD
AD, . . (O1, ) = (TC, AD).
TO1 (ABC ), ABC O1F l, . .
a
2R
O1F BC, O1F = --- = ------- .
2
164
TF l. TO1F O1P = (O1, ),

O1P TF.
TO 1 O 1 F
4R2R
4R
O1P = ---------------------------- = ----------------------------------------------- = ---------- .
TF
16R 2 4R 2
3 6 ------------- + ---------9
6
33
1 2R 4R
4R 2
4) Smin = --- ------- ---------- = ---------- .
2
33
66
TO 12
TP
8
5) TFO1 -------- = -----------2- = --- .
PF
FO 1
TM
8
6) TFC PM1 l, ------------- = --- .
M1 C
M1 .
7) V1 = V M
1 ADC
1
= --- H M SADC, H M
3
1
ABC, M1. VTABC = --- TO1SABC,
3
V1
V1
3
3
1
SADC = --- SABC, H M = ------ TO1, ----------------- = ------ , V2 = VTABC V1, ------ =
2
V TABC
11
22
V2
3
= ------ .
19
, 2009 . 2
1. : 10; 8.
. 1 100 x
, 2 (x 2) . 1
100
1 --------- , 2
x
100
-------------- .
x2
100
100
-------------- --------- = 2,5 x2 2x 80 = 0, x1, 2 = 1 9,
x2
x
x = 10 1 8 2 .
2. : x = (1)n --4- + n , n {0} N.

. 2 cos2 x = sin x . : x 0.

2 sin2
x + sin
x 2 =0
165
: sin
sin
13
x = -------------------- .
2 2
1
x = ------- ,
2
x = (1)n --- + n, n {0} N.

, .
1
3. : --8- ; 4.
. (log2 x + logx 2 + 2)(log2 x log2x x) = 6.
1
: x > 0, x = 1, x = --- .
2
, 2, , :
log 2 x
1
log x + -------------- + 2 log2 x ------------------------- = 6.
2
log 2 x
1 + log 2 x
log2 x = t, :
( t 2 + 2t + 1 ) t + t 2 t
--------------------------------- ------------------------ = 6 (t + 1)t = 6,
t
t+1
t2 + t 6 = 0, t1 = 3, t2 = 2.
log2 x = 3,

log2 x = 2
4. :
1
x = --- ,
8
x = 4.
8
--- ; 1 (1; 8).
9
x
- < 0. :
. 1 + logx ---------------9x 8
x
----------------- > 0,
9x 8
x > 0,
x = 1.
:
x
1
logx ----------------- ) < logx --- .
9x 8
x
: x > 1
0 < x < 1.
166
x > 1,
x > 1,
x
1
----------------- < --- ;
x
9x 8
x 2 9x + 8
------------------------------- < 0;
x ( 9x 8 )
0 < x < 1,
0 < x < 1,
x
1
----------------- > --x
9x 8
x 2 9x + 8
------------------------------- > 0;
x ( 9x 8 )
x (1; 8),
8
x --- ; 1 .
9
5. : x [0; 1) (1; 9].

x5 x+4
2 x+1
. --------------------------------- --------------------- . : x 0,
x = 1.
x+4
1 x
x = t 0, x = t2,
t 2 5t + 4
2t + 1
---------------------------- ---------------- .
t+1
1t
,
:
2t + 1
---------------- + t 4 0,
2t + 1
(t 4)(t 1)
----------------------------------- ---------------- t + 4

t+4
1t
t=1
t 2 + 2t 15
------------------------------- ,
t+4

(t + 5)(t 3)
----------------------------------- 0,
t+4
t=1
t = 1.
, t 0, :
t [0; 1) (1; 3].
x, :
x [0; 1) (1; 9].
6. : --4- .
. y = 0,5(x2 6x), M(2,5; 4,5).

y = 0,5( x 02 6x0) + (x0 3)(x x0),
x0 .
M , ,
4,5 = 0,5( x 02 6x0) + (x0 3)(2,5 x0),
167
x 02 5x0 + 6 = 0
x01 = 3,
x02 = 2.
x0
k1 = y(x01) = x01 3 = 0,
k2 = y(x02) = x02 3 = 1.
, 1
OX 0; 2 = --- .
4
, = |1 2 | = --- .
4
7. :
243
------------ .
52
. AKB AKC.
AKB = C + KAC, , KAC = B = , C = .
AKC: AKC = 180
AKC = A.
ABC: A = 180
KC
AC
AK
AKC ABC: --------- = --------- = --------- AC = 6; AB = 15.
AC
BC
AB
S
15 + 6 + 18
39
r = --- , p = ------------------------------- = ------ = 19,5.
p
S ABC =
27
19,51,513,54,5 = ------
39 ,
27 392
27
243
r = ------------------------- = ------------- ; S = r2 = ------------ .
439
52
2 39
8. : 12 2; A(4; 6).
1
. S OAB = S AOD + S ABD = --2- AD(OA1 + A1B1) =

= 3AD (. 69).
x
x2
AD = AA1 A1D = ----- --- + 6 A1D;
8
OA 1
A1 D
x
ODA1 OBB1: ------------ = ----------- --- =
OB 1
168
BB 1
A1 D
x
= ----------- A1D = --- .
3
x2
AD = ----- x + 6,
8
x2
8
S OAB = 3 ----- x + 6 ,
3x
S = ------ 3 = 0, xA = 4,
A1
B
B1
. 69
A (4; 6).
16
8
Smin = 3 ------ 4 + 6 = 12.
9. : (; 5) (3; 2) [7; +) {6},

a (; 5) [7; +) {6},
x1 = 3 +
a 2 4a 12 , x2 = 3
a (3; 2), x1, 2 = 3
a 2 16 ,
a 2 4a 12 .
2
x+ x
- a = x2 6x + 25.
. ---------------
x
1. x > 0,
x2 6x + 21 + 4a a2 = 0.
D
---- = a2 4a 12 = (a + 2)(a 6),
4
x = 3.
:
x1, 2 = 3
a 2 4a 12 .
, :
D > 0,
x > 0,
a (3; 2) (6; 7).
a2 + 4a + 21 > 0

:
D = 0,
x > 0,
a2 + 4a + 21 < 0, a (; 3] [7; +) {2; 6}.
a2 +4a + 21 = 0,
x > 0
169
2. x < 0,
x2 6x + 25 a2 = 0,
D
---- = a2 16; x = 3,
4
x1, 2 = 3 a 2 16 . .
25 a2 < 0, . .
a (; 5) (5; +), . . x = 3
.
a 2 16 .
10. : 32.
. a = 4 3 , (A, ) = 3 (. 70).
B
M
(A1, M, N)
B1
C1
A1
. 70
A1MLN BC
BL : LC = 2 : 1,
S
cos
S = ------------- , S = SAMLC = S ABC S BML (. 71).
F M
E
. 71
170
a2 3
a2 3
a2 3
S = ------------- ------------- = ------------- = 8 3 .
4
A1A (ABC ),
12
AF ML,
BE ML,
AF = BE.
1
a2 3
S BML = ------------- = --- BEML.
12
4a 2
a2
a2
a2
a
BML: ML2 = ------ + --------- ------ = ------ 13, ML = --4
1
a2 3
a
------------- = --- BE --12
2
6
36
13 .
12
a 3
13 BE = AF = ----------- = ---------- .
13
13
AP A1F AA1F,
AP = 3 .
13
13
3
AP
APF sin = -------- = ---------- , cos = 1 ------ = ------- ,
4
AF
16
3
S = 8 3 : ------- = 32.
4
, 2009 . 3
1. : 36; 30

------- .

. 2 x (/),
1 (x + 6) (/). ,
1
1 1 , -------------- (), ,
x+6
1
2 1 , --- ().
x
1 20
1
1
20
. : --- -------------- = ------------ , x = 30.
x
x+6
3600
2. : (1)n + 1 --6- + n, n Z.
. :
1 + sin x = 2 sin x,
sin x 0.
171
,
1 + sin x = 2 sin2 x,
:
1
2
sin x = 1 sin x = --- .

:
x = (1)n + 1 --- + n, n Z.
1
3. : --6- .
. :
7
x (0; 1) 1; --- .
6
, 2:
log 2 ( 7 6x )
---------------------------------- = 1
log 2 x
1
log2 (7 6x) = log2 --- .
x
1
, : 7 6x = --- .
x
:
6x2 7x + 1 = 0.
1
x1 = 12, x2 = --- .
6
1
--- .
6
4. : (; 2)
3
--- ; 3 (3; +).
2
. :
1
(x 3)(x + 3)
------------------------------------------------------ > --------------
2
x
+
2
( x 3 ) ( x + 3x + 9 )
2x 3
----------------- > 0,
x+2
x = 3.

3
x (; 2) --- ; 3 (3; +).
2
5. : (4; 2) 1; 5--- .
172
. :
5x + 4
----------------- > 0,
4x
x4 5x2 + 4 > 0
4
x (; 2) 1; --- (0; 1) (2; +).
5
:
5x + 4
log2 ----------------- < 0
4x
5x + 4
----------------- < 1.
4x
x (4; 0).
4
x (4; 2) 1; --- .
5
6. : [2; 1].
.
f (x) = log0,5 (3 + cos x)
:
y = log0,5 (t),
(t) = t + 3,
t = cos x.
t = cos x
[1; 1].
(t)
[2; 4].
y = log0,5 (t) , ,
(t) > 0 2 4
[log0,5 4; log0,5 2], . . [2; 1].
7. : 8 3 .
. ABC
AM = MK = x, KN = NB = t, CK = h.
MCK:
h2 + x2 = 13.
CKN:
h2 + t 2 = 21.
173
ABC:
h2 = 4xt.
, x = 1; t = 3; h =
ABC
12 .
1
S = --- hAB = 8 3 .
2
y 0,
x > 0,
8. : ;
1x
y ---------------- .
2
3 1
. M --4- ; --4-
1
3
9
y = px 0,5(1 + p2)x2: --- = p --- 0,5(1 + p2) ------ ,
4
16
9p2 24p + 17 = 0.
D = 144 153 < 0,
M.
:
x2
p 2 x 2
y = ---------------- ----- + px.
2
p:
p2x2 2px + x2 + 2y = 0.
:
D
---- = x2 x4 2yx2 0 x2(1 x2 2y) 0,
4
2
1x
, y ---------------- .
2
p (0; +). ,
2
p1 + p2 = --- > 0.
x
, ,
, :
y 0,
x > 0,
2
1x
y ---------------- .
2
174
9. : a (; 1]
3
--- ; + ;
3
a (; 0] 1; --- , x = 8a + 4 2 ( 2a 2 5a + 3 ) ;
2
3
10a 6
a 0; --- , x1 = 8a + 4 2 ( 2a 2 5a + 3 ) , x2 = --------------------- ;
5
3
3
a --- ; 1 --- ; + , x1, 2 = 8a 4 2 ( 2a 2 5a + 3 ) .
2
5
. x 0 :
16ax + 160a 96 = 0.
, , ,
a :
D > 0,
x > 0,
f (0) 0,
x2
D = 128(2a2 5a + 3),
f (x) = x2 16ax + 160a 96, x = 8a, f (0) = 160a 96.
:
3
256 a 1 a --- > 0,
2
3
3
a --- ; 1 --- ; + .
8a > 0,
2
5
32(5a 3) 0

, , ,
a :
D = 0,
x 0;
f (0) < 0,
f (0) = 0,
x < 0
a = --- ; 1 ,
2
5a 3 < 0, a ; 3--- --3- ; 1 .

2
5
3
a = --- ,
5
a<0

x1, 2 = 8a 4 2 ( 2a 2 5a + 3 ) .
x < 0 :
ax 10a + 6 = 0,
10a 6
x = --------------------- .
a
175
x < 0, a
10a 6
3
--------------------- < 0. a 0; --- .
a
5

a (; 1]
3
3
--- ; + . a (; 0] 1; --- ,
2
2
x = 8a + 4 2 ( 2a 2 5a + 3 ) .
3
10a 6
a 0; --- x1 = 8a + 4 2 ( 2a 2 5a + 3 ) , x2 = --------------------- .
5
3
3
a = --- ; 1 --- ; + x1, 2 = 8a 4 2 ( 2a 2 5a + 3 ) .
2
5
10. : H = 3h, R =
9h
------ .
4
. T,
TO1 = H, R. O
TO1 (. 72). CDEC1D1E1
h, CD =
6 h.
T
E1
C1
O2
D1
E
C
O1
D
T1
. 72
(. 73).
TT1 = 2R.
TT1B.
176
TBT1 = 90,
BO 12 = TO1T1O1,
C1
BO1 = r
, TO1 = H, T1O1 = 2R H.
:
O2
O
r2 = H(2R H).
TC1O2 ATO1:
O1
C1 O2
TO
-------------- = -----------2- .
AO 1
TO 1
T1

, O2 O1
. 73
C1D1E1 CDE. C1O2 = h 2 . :

h 2
Hh
Hh 2
----------- = ---------------- ; r = ---------------- .
r
H
Hh
2 2
2H h
-----------------------2- = H(2R H);
(H h)
Hh 2
H
R = -----------------------2- + ----- .
(H h)
R
R H (H > 0):
1
( H 3h ) ( h 2 + H 2 )
( H h ) 2 2H ( H h )
- + --- = ---------------------------------------------------.
R = h2 ------------------------------------------------------------4
3
(H h)
2(H h)

H = 3h.
9h
, R = ------ .
4
, 2009 . 4
1. : 10 , 6 .
.
n, 1 x ./.
2 m,
2 y ./. , 1
177
n
n , --- (); , 2
x
m
m , ----- ().
y
n
m
, --- = ----- .
x
, . . 1
m
m 4 , , ----- = 4.
x
n
2 n 9 , . . --- = 9.
y
.
, m = 6y.
m
----- , . . 6 .
y
m + n. ,
m+n
, t = ---------------- . : t = 10 .
x
2. :
2 3 5
--- + ------- , --- + k, n, k Z; --- ; ------ ; ------ ; ------ .

8
4
3
8
8
3 3
. :
2 cos 4xcos 2x + cos 4x = 0;
cos 4x(2 cos 2x + 1) = 0.
:
cos 4x = 0,
4x = --- + n, n Z,
1
cos 2x = --- ;
2
2x = ------ + 2k, k Z;
2
3
n
x = --- + ------- ,
8
x = --- + k, n, k Z.
,
n Z:
3
1
5
n
--- --- + ------- ------ --- n --- n {1; 2}.
4
8
4
4
2
2
178
3
--- ; ------ ,
4 4
3
5
: ------ ------ .
8
--- --- + k ------ , k = 0 x = --3

4
3
4
3
2
--- --- + k ------ , k = 1 x = ------ .

4
3
4
3
3. : 2.
. : x (5,6; 1).
, 2:
log2
10x + 56 = log2 (1 x)2.
,
10x + 56 = 2(1 x).
:
10x + 56 = 4(1 2x + x2)
2x2 9x 26 = 0.
6,5 2.
2.
4. : (; 3) (3; 1)
9
--- ; + .
2
. :
x2 9
2
------------------- < ----------------- ;
2x 9
x 3 + 27
x3
2
------------------------------- ----------------- < 0,
2x 9
x 2 3x + 9
x = 3;
x1
9
----------------- > 0,
x (; 3) (3; 1) --- ; + .
2x 9
2
x = 3
179
5. : (1; 1] [2; 9].

. :
x + 1 > 0,
x (1; 1] [2; +).
x2 3x + 2 0
x+1
lg (x + 1) 1 = lg -------------- .
10
x9
-------------- .
10
: (x 9)
:
x2
3x + 2 0,
x2 3x + 2 = 0,
x 9 0,

2
x 3x + 2 0;
x = {1; 2},
x 9,
(x 2)(x 1) 0.

x (1; 1] [2; 9].
6. : (; 3) (11; +).

1
- [1; 3],
. f (x) = ------------xc
1
(x c)
, x = c. f (x) = --------------------2- .
f (x) < 0 , f (x)
x = 3.
1
fmin = f (3) = ------------- .
3c
1
------------- > 0,125.
3c
, , c (; 3) (11; +).
7. : 15.
. CAM = 0,5 arccos 0,6.
, COM = arccos 0,6.
COM:
CO = OM cos (arccos 0,6) = 3,
CM = 4.
180
BAM (. 74). AB = BC = x.
AM = AO + OM = 3 + 5 + 8.
(x + 4)2 = x2 + 64,
x = 6.
1
S BOM = --- OC(BC + CM) = 15.
2
A
O
. 74
8. : 32.
. . 75 ABCD,
AD = 6,
y = 5 + 4x x2.
y = 5 + 4x x2 x = 2.
y
A
1
O E
. 75
181
BC
B(x, y), BE AD. --------- = 2 x.
2
BC + AD
SABCD = -------------------------- BE = (2 x + 3)(5 + 4x x2) =
2
= (5 x)(5 + 4x x2).
S ABCD
= (5 x)(4 2x) (5 + 4x x2) =
= 3(x2 6x + 5) = 0.
= 0 x = {1; 5}.
S ABCD
x = 1, SABCD = 32.
9. : a R.
1
a --- ; + , x1 = 4; y1 = 2.
2
1
a (; 0) --- , x1 = 0, y1 = 2 4a; x2 = 4, y2 = 2.
4
a = 0, x1 = 0, y1 = 2; x2 = 4, y2 = 2.
1
1 1
a 0; --- --- ; --- , x1 = 0, y1 = 2 4a; x2 = 4; y2 = 2;
4
4 2
1 2a
1 2a 2
x3 = ------------------ , y3 = ------------------ .
a
.
y 2 = a(x 4),
2x
----------------- =
y +y
, y > 0, x 0.
:
x
--- =
y
x
x ------- 1 = 0,
y
x = 0, y = x , y > 0, x > 0.
x = 0 , ,
1
y = 2 4a. y > 0, a ; ---
2
: x = 0, y = 2 4a.
182
y = x ,
y:
ay2 y + 2 4a = 0,
y > 0.

:
D > 0,
y > 0,
2 4a
------------------ > 0,
a
D = (4a 1)2, y f (y) = ay2 y +

+ 2 4a.
:
4a 1 = 0,
a > 0,
2 4a
------------------ > 0;
a
1
1 1
a 0; --- --- ; --- .
4
4 2
:
1 ( 4a 1 )
y1, 2 = ----------------------------------- ; x1, 2 =
2a
( 4a 1 )
1
----------------------------------- .
2a
2

4 .
1) a = 0 :
y + 2 = 0,
y = 2.
2) D = 0, y > 0,
1
a = --- , a = 1--4
4
a > 0;
1
1
y1 = y2 = ------ , x1 = x2 = --------2- .
2a
4a
f (0)
3) ----------- < 0
a
:
1
f (0)
2 4a
----------- < 0; ------------------ < 0; a (; 0) --- ; + .
2
a
a
183
4) f (0) = 0, y > 0
1
, , , a = --- .
2
, ,

1
1
a (; 0] --- ; + --- .
2
4
a R.
1
a --- ; +
2
x = 4; y = 2.
1
a (; 0) --- :
4
x1 = 0, y1 = 2 4a; x2 = 4, y2 = 2.
a = 0 :
x1 = 0, y1 = 2 x2 = 4, y2 = 2.
1
1 1
a 0; --- --- ; --- :
4
4 2
1 2a 2
1 2a
x1 = 0, y1 = 2 4a; x2 = 4, y2 = 2; x3 = ------------------ , y3 = ------------------ .
a
10. :
33 2
------------- .
5
. 1) a, O
, O1 ABC (. 76).
TA
AOO1: OO1 = -------- = 1,
2
AO = 5,
AO1 =
25 1 = 2 6 .
,
a=6 2.
184
E
K
O
M
A
N
O1
. 76
2) ,
KMNE.
MN AD, BN : NC = 1 : 2,
TK = KA, TE : EC = 1 : 4.
3)
:
S
cos
S = ------------- ,
S ABC,
ABC.
4) (. 77) S = SAMNE ,
E E ABC
S = S ABC S BMN S CNE
a2 3
a2 3
1
1 a 3 a
S ABC = ------------- ; S BMN = --- MNBN = --- ----------- --- = ------------- ;
4
18
2a 2
1
1 2a 4a 1
SCE N = --- NCECcos C = --- ------ ------ --- = --------- .
2
15
185
A
E
. 77
a2 3
a2 3
11a 2 3
2a 2
22 3
, S = ------------- ------------- --------- = -------------------- = ------------- .
4
15
18
180
a
5) cos AKL, AL MN, AL = ND = --- ,
6
AL
cos = --------- =
KL
2
--- .
3
,
22 3 3
33 2
S = -------------------------- = ------------- .
5 2
, 2009 . 5
1. : 8.
.
x ,
y ,
m. , m > 24. z ,
,
.
, ,
m
------ . 24 ,
2x
186
m 24
. . (m 24) ------------------- .
y

m
m 24
------ = ------------------- .
2x
y
,
m
, ------ . m 15 .
2y

m
m 15
------ = ------------------- .
2y
x
m
----- .
x
(m z) .
:
m
mz
----- = --------------- .
x
y

:
m2 52m + 480 = 0.
40 12, 40
. z,
8.
2. :
3
5
------ + 2n, ------ + 2m, n, m Z.
2
6
. :
1 + sin x = 2 cos x;
1 + sin x = 2 cos2 x,
x
cos x 0;
2 sin2 x + sin x 1 = 0,
cos x 0.
3
5
, x1 = ------ + 2n, n Z x2 = ------ + 2m, m Z.
2
3. : 1; --2- 0;
1
--- .
2
187
1
. : x (; 0) 0; --2- .
ab ac , (a 1)(b c),
loga b (a 1)(b 1) .

, :
--1- 1 1
--- x 1 0
x
2
x+1
1
-------------- x + --- 0.
x
2
4. : {3; 5}.
. |sin x| .
sin x > 0 (x 3)2 = 0.
x = 3 sin x > 0.
sin x < 0 : x2 6x + 5 = 0.
5 1. x = 1
, sin x < 0.
5. : [5; 4] {2n}, n {0} N.

. : x [5; +).
:
(cos x 1)(1
x + 5 ) < 0,
(cos x 1)(1
x + 5 ) = 0.
:
cos x 1 > 0,
1 x + 5 < 0;
cos x 1 < 0,
1
x + 5 > 0.
.
x [5; 4).
:
cos x 1 = 0,
1
x + 5 = 0,
, .
6. : (0; 1) 1;
188
7
7 4
--- --- ; --- .
6 3
6
cos x = 1,
x + 5 = 1.
7
7
. : x (0; 1) 1; --6- --6- ; + .
:
logx (49 84x + 36x2) < logx 1.
:
x > 1,
49 84x + 36x2 < 1;
0 < x < 1,
49 84x + 36x2 > 1.
4
x 1; --- ,
3
x (0; 1).
7. : 7.
. ABC a.
BKL.
5a
a
BK = ------ ; BL = --- .
7
KL:
KL =
2 5a 2 1
a2
25 2
a 3
------ a + ------ ------------------ --- = ----------- .
49
49
2
77
7
CLM
ML =
a 27
36a 2 9a 2 218a 2
------------ + --------- -------------------- = -------------- .
49
49
492
7
AKM:
KM =
4
16
8
a 12
------ a 2 + ------ a 2 ------ a 2 = -------------- .
49
49
49
7
KLM cos KLM :

3a 2
27a 2
2a 2 3 27
12a 2
------------ = --------- + ------------ ------------------------------------------ cos KLM;
49
7
49
77
2
cos KLM = ------- ; sin KLM =
7
R =
:
4
1 --7- =
3
--- .
7
7.
KM
2R = ----------------------------sin KLM
a, 7.
189
8. :
2
------ + 4 3 .
3
. y2 = 2(1 + cos 2x).

:
y2 = 4 cos2 x
|y| = 2 |cos x|
|x| --- , , |y| = 2 cos x.

2
, (. 78).
ABCD P = 4PECOF.
y
2
B

2
D
2
. 78
PECOF = CF + OF, OF = x, x 0; --- , CF = 2 cos x;

2
P = 4(x + 2 cos x).

1
P = 4(1 2 sin x) sin x = --- .
2
x = --- .
6
2
------ + 4 3 .
3
5
9. : a ; --4- (1; +).

190
5
a ; --- , x1 = a + 1, x2 = a 1.
4
a (1; 1), x1 = a 1, x2 = a + 2 +
a [1; +), x1 = a + 2 +
4a + 5 .
4a + 5 , x2 = a + 2
4a + 5 .
. x 0 :
x2 2x(a + 2) + a2 1 = 0,
x1, 2 = a + 2
4a + 5 .
,
,
:
D > 0,
x > 0,
f (0) 0,
D = 4(4a + 5) ; x
(x = a + 2); f (0) = a2 1, :
4a + 5 > 0,
a + 2 > 0,
a2 1 0;
5
a --- ; 1 [1; +).
4
, ,

:
D = 0,
x 0;
f (0) < 0,
f (0) = 0,
x < 0;
4a + 5 = 0,
a + 2 0;
a2 1 < 0,
a2 1 = 0,
a + 2 < 0;
a (1; 1) --- .
4
x < 0 :
x2 2ax + a2 1 = 0,
x1, 2 = a 1.

, :
D > 0,
x < 0,
f (0) > 0;
191
:
4 > 0,
a (; 1).
a < 0,
a2 1 > 0;

, , a
:
f (0) < 0,
f (0) = 0,
x < 0;
a2 1 < 0,
a2 1 = 0, a [1; 1).
a < 0;
x = a 1.
,
5
5
a ; --- (1; +). a ; --- ,
4
4
:
x1, 2 = a 1.
a (1; 1),
x1 = a + 2 +
4a + 5 , x2 = a 1.
a [1; +), : x1, 2 = a + 2
10. : Smin =
4a + 5 .
l2
l
---------- , OM = --- .
3
2 6
.
, , TO, O
AC (. 79).
l 2
TBO TBO = 45 TO = OB = --------- .
2
TMB,

1
S TMB = --- TBhM,
2
hM , M
TB. TB ,
hM.
hM = (AC, TB), (AC, TB)
AC TB.
(AC, TB) B l,
AC. TB l .
192
M
A
M
l
. 79
AC , AC TB
AC . O,
. . (AC, TB) = (O; ) TO (ABC ). O
l: OF l.
TF l. , (TOF )
: (TOF ) (O, ) = OP, OP TF.
AC TB 60.
l 3
l
AC l, TBF = 60. TF = --------- ; BF = ---
2
TBF . TOF:
3l 2 2l 2
l 22 ------- ------TOOF
l
TP
TO 2
2
4
4
OP = ------------------------ = --------------------------------------------------- = ------- , -------- = -----------2- = --- .
TF
PF
1
OF
6
2l 3
:
2
l
1
l
S TMB = --- l ------- = ---------- .
2 6
OP = (TB, AC), P
TB. P AC
TB. OPNM,
TP
PN
2 PN
2
PN AC, OP NM. TBF , -------- = --------- = --- , --------- = --- ,
TF
l
PN = OM = --- .
3
BF
3 l2

. . .

1. . ,
, .
, ,
, , ,
.
, ,
, , .
2. . . A2, B2, C2
A1, B1, I AB (. 80). AA1 ,
AA2 = AC. , AC2 A
ABC , ,
AC2 = AA2 AC2
C. , B2C2
, . . C2 A2B2. C2I
A1B1 , CA1B1
,
.
C
B1
O
A1
B2
. 80
194
C2
A2
. ( , 179, .)
A2, B2 ,
A1, B1 AB .
BCB1 BB2B1 ,
BB1C = BB1B2. , AB1B2
I .
, B2I B1B2A2.
, A2I
A1A2B2. , B2IA2
, . . I
A2B2. O,
B1A1 B2B1A1A2,
. OI B2A2.
3. . Y C
ABC BC A. , BYC =
BAC C YA = CBA, AYB = ACB, . .
Y CAB. , AYB =
= AYC + C YB = ABC + C AB = 2 C BC
CAC = ACB + AC B = AXB (. 81).
BYC = BXC, . . X Y .
C
X
A
C
B
. 81
195
C1
B1
A1
D1
. 82
4. .
A1NB1CD, , A1N = B1N,
, BDA = BCA. NC1 = ND1.
, NA1A = ACD = ABD = DD1N (. 82).
, ND1 = NA1, .
5. . ,
AE EC
AEC , , F. ,
, FE FO1O2.
O1O2 AC, BD.
, E AC, FO1
FO2 X Y (. 83). FCEX FAEY
B
O1
L
X
. 83
196
O2
. 84
, XE = FC = FA = EY. , FE
FXY, , FO1O2.
6. . BAM + NAC = MAN AB = AC,

, B AM, ,
C AN.
L. ALM = ABM = ACM, . . L
ACM. L ABN , ,
K (. 84). KAN = NAC = 30 BAM =
= 90 NMA. ,
A AMN
, AN . ,
AK AMN.
7. .
ABCD (. 85). A, B, K, D
, AKD BKD
O1M BD. O2M BD.
, ABD BCD ,

M.
8. . , LIbIc
. Lb, Lc Ib, Ic
BC, rb, rc ,
197
M
O2
O1
. 85
AHB, AHC (. 86).

AH + BH AB
AH + CH AC
, rb = -------------------------------------------- , rc = -------------------------------------------- rb rc =
2
2
BH CH
AB AC
BH CH
BL CL
= ---------------------------- ------------------------- = ---------------------------- -------------------------- = LH.
2
2
2
2
, IbIc = LLc = rb, IcLc = LLb = rc, . .

LIbLb IcLcL , LIb = LIc IbLIc = 90.
LIbIc = 45.
A
Ib
Ic
B
Lb
. 86
198
Lc
. I1, I2
ABD CBD (D
AC ); L ABC
AC. I1, L, D I2 .
9. .
B, ,
, .
A
, A , B, . .
AC AB. , AC B,
.
,
. AA, BB, CC , AA1,
CC1 . A1A = C1C ,
A, C
B, . ,
AC BB1
. , .
10. .
a, b, c,
BC, CA, AB

. a, b,
BC, AX ,

C.
E
c,
F
,
a, AB, AC
BC (. 87).
EF AB
D.
C
b
a
F
E
. 87
11. : n = 4 n = 5.
. , n > 3. , n > 5.
n n + 1 ,
n, 3.

,
199
. 88
.
n ,
9, n > 5 . n = 4 n = 5
. 88.
12. . ) N
CHM, CN = NM. BH = BH
NH BC, , B
HN, AC M ( ).
. CMN = MCH = CBB =

= CBB = a, C, H, B M
. , CBM = CHM = 180 2a,
ABM = a, .
) ABC: CH2 = AHBH.
BH = BH KH = CH, KH2 = AHBH, . .
AKH ABK ,
.
13. . BD L, ALB =
= A. ABL DBA , BLBD =
= AB2 = BC2. , CBL DBC ,
. . BLC = C L K. ,
, .
14. . ABM = BMC = MCD,
S ABM
S BMC
AB
BM
--------------= ----------- --------------- = ---------- . ABM MCD
S CMD
S CMD
MC
CD
2
, S BMC
= SABMSMCD.

+S
2
ABM
MCD
SBMC -------------------------------------- , .
200
15. . ) AB1C1, A1BC1 A1B1C

ABC cos A, cos B, cos C
. KA1C1 = KA1B1 = 90 A

B K
cos A
C K
cos A
1
1
AKB1 A1KC1 -------------- -------------- .
B C
cos A
1 1
, -------------- = BC.
)

A1 L
A1 N
------------ + ------------ = BC.
sin B
sin C
BC, .
16. . . ,
BCD = ECX,
. , ABD
AEB ABD AEB , ,
BD
AD
CD
AD
--------- = --------- . , --------- = --------- , . .
BE
AB
CE
AB
DE
BDCE = CDBE = BC --------- (
2
).
CX DE M (. 89).
CBD CME , , BDCE =
B
X
D
M
E
. 89
201
= CBEM. ,
ED
EM = --------- .
2
( ., 171 , .)
1
, DMC = --- ( DC + XE ).
2
DE BX
BD = XE . ,
COB = CB = CD + DB = CD + EX = 2 CMD.
1
, COA = --- COB = CMD,
2
A, C, M, O . ,
AMO = ACO = 90, . . MO DE
DM = ME.
17. . . l = CL, h = CH
C, m = BM
B, ,
l h. p
, C AB,
B , B p.
, ABC .
CLB = CLB = 180 ,
BCM = 2. , ,
, CLB = , BCM = 360 2 CBA BCA =
= 2(180 CBA BCL) = 2 (. 90).
.
, BM C 2.
.
B
C
M
L
A
. 90
202
h
B;
p. B, M,
m B
. ,
B M 360 4.
C1 C2 p, Ai
(i = 1, 2) , Ci M,
A1BC1 A2BC2 .
, ,
C1, C2, h, BM = m
. , L1, L2
, ,
C1L1B C2L2B , 180 , ,
, C1L1 = C2L2 = l.
h
1. , l < h m < --- , .
2
h
l = h m --- ,
2
h
m = --- - . ,

2
h
l > h m = --- , ,
2
BB.
l
l > h m = ---
2
, .
.
. C,
AB.
.
X Y, X AB ,
B
(. 91). CY
X AB.
,
B . ,

.
2. 1938 .
. ,
203
BX
. 91
.
.
18. . ADB BEC , D

E BG. FDG =
= ADO1 = DAC = GED. , FD (
FE) (. 92). ,
F
G
D
E
B
A
O1
O2
. 92
204
P
E
X
B
. 93
FG GED,
G ,
. GDE
GCA,
.
19. . , XC = OY.
, , UO = OV , ,
XUYV .
EO P Q
(. 93).
(PX; OY) = (QY; OX). EO
C,
(PA; C B) = (QB; C A), , PQ, AB
C
.
20. . , CAP = AAB.
, , AA AP
A. BB
BP B, ,
, CP
C, . . .
Q AP
, S B1C1 (. 94).
205
A2
B1
C1
. 94
A A2
B1 C1, Q A S . ,
(B1Q; SC1) = (C1A; SB1), . . A Q
AA2, .
21. . AB CD
, ABD = BDC ACD =
= BAC. ,
AB DC , . . C AB
, D, B CD , A.
SABD > SABC SACD > SBCD.
22. . A,
. AF ,
A ,
, ,
A B
D, . ,
B D
C, A. , A, B, C, D
.
206
23. . P FC AD; G

BP. 2 = (AC; BF ) = (DF; GB) = (DF; EB), ,
, G E .
24. . , A
l, l B, C Y
. BC XY, BC AY
BC AC. , C
AB, Y ,
. ,
.
25. . ,
. ,

,
.
.
,
,
. ,
:
,
, ,
.

. ,
,
, . ,

5+1
, . . ------------------ .
2

, 8
1. . I
(. 95), X Y
B C .
AB > AC; I Y BY AX
A
B
C
. , AIY = ---- + ---- = 90 ---- = IXY,
2
207
I
X
. 95
( )
.
27. . . ,
AB > 2, AB = 2
AB. AB < 2, A, B A, B
, 1, P Q.
, A B;
, PQ A
B. ,
.
P1, P2, Q1, Q2 , P
AP1, BP2, Q AQ1, BQ2,
: P1Q1 A 2, P2Q2
B 2, P1P2 P 1, Q1Q2
Q 1 (. 96). , ,
Q1
Q2
. 96
208
P1
P2
P1
P2
. 97
. , X
. , X P1PP2,
P; P1AQ1,
Y, Y
AX PQ 1. .
, X
. X P1AQ1, AX > 2, A
X . X
P1PP2: , X
Y, , 1. , XPY 90
(, , XY XP > 1).
XPY P1 (. 97); XPY P1PY.
, AY 1, AP1 = 2, P1Y 1 AY. ,
A Y
AP1, . . 90 P1PY XPY.
2. . BP CP
ABC BCD (. 98), A C
BP, B D CP. , SPAB = SPBC =
= SPCD. , PAB PCD
P , P ; ,
, .
3. . , OA2 > OA1
(. 99). OA1B2 OB1A2
, , OB2A1 = OA2B1 OA1B2 =
= OB1A2. A1OB1 = B2OA2 = ,
A1C1B1 = 90 --- = 180 90 + --- = 180 A2C2B2.

2
2
209
B
D
P
A
. 98
A2
X2
2
C2
B1
1
B2
C1
A1
X1
. 99
, B2C2B1C1 ,
B1C2C1 = B1B2C1 = OA2B1. ,
C1C2 OA2 A2C2 2,
OA2 , C1C2 .
C1C2 1 .
. , ,
OA1B2 OA2B1 A1B2 = A2B1,
: B1C2B1A2 = B 1 B 22 = B2C1B2A1,
B2C1 = B1C2. , B1C2B2C1
, , ,
.
210
, 8
1. . AH LM, LM BC, . . LM
. , BL
ABC, . . AB = BC. BL
ABC HLM, H M
1
1
; , --- AB = BM = BH = --- BC, AH
2
ABC. , AC = AB =
= BC, ABC , CM
HL , .
2. . . , AE BF
,
90 . ,
A BF, CD G.
ABFG , FG = AB , , FD = DG.
, D
BF, ADP. AE BF,
(. 100). ,
ADP , AED.
EAD ,
.
. , APF = 90 = ADF.
, APFD , ADP = AFP =
= AFB. ,
AFB = AED,
E
B
ABF ADE .
C
. AB = 1.
BP

P
F
1
1 --- , AP : PE = 4 : 1.
2

4
DP CD --- .
5
,
3
AD --- . ,
5
DP = 1 = AD.
,
.
. 100
211
. 101
3. : , ; 3 4 .
. ,
, . 101. ,
M 5 .
,
. , M AB,
( ) .
, P; P AB,
M.
,
P = M, .
4. : , .
. ,
C = 120. CC1 C.
CA1 ACC1, . . A1
AC CC1.
AC AB, C1A1 CC1B.
, J, I C1A1,
AB (. 102). , AA1C1 = A1C1B
1
1
A1AB = --- ( CC1B CAB) = --- ACC1 = 30, IA1J =
2
= 2 AA1C1 = 60. , IA1J

(IA1 = A1J) 60; , , IJ = JA1,
A2 = J. , , A2C1 = JC1 = IC1.
C
60
60 60
I
C1
A1
J(=A2)
. 102
212
B2C1 = IC1 = A2C1,

.
. , ,
, AC = BC, C = 120.
, 9
1. : 60.
. ,
X XYZ
1
--- | Y Z |. , A B
2
ABC , A C = B C
A C = C B.
, . . C ,
.
1
1
C = --- ( A + B) = --- (180 C ) = 60.
2
.
C = 60.
2. . ,
, ,
,
. ,
P Q (
, ), ,
.
PQ ,
.
PQ. ,
. ( ,
P = Q, PQ
.)
3. . (k, l)
k l (
).
60 B A C
X Y (. 103). ,
213
B
A
. 103
(XY, AC ) = 60. P XY
AC. (XP, AP) = 60 = (XB, AB), . . A, X, P, B
. (CP, PB) = (AX, XB) = 60 =
= (CY, YB), . . B, C, P, Y
. , P
XZ BCY.
, BD
. ( , ,
P = Y, Y.)
4. . . C
AB.
B.
G1
C 1
A1
B1
A1
C1
. 104
214
1, . . A A 1 . .
AB BC A1B1B C1B1B,
A 1C 1 ,
(. 104). , BB1
, G1, A 1C 1 .
. l1
BG ( B1) A 1
2; C 1 . ,
C . ,
A, ,
C , , C (
, ).
ABC
, .
. C
AB, A1, B1, C1 G
ABC (. 105). ,
GB 1
CAsin CAC
sin ABC
( C, AC )
----------- = ----------------------------- = ------------------------------------------- = --------------------------------- ,
CBsin CBC
sin BAC
GA 1
( C, BC )
C
B1
C2
A1
G
C1
. 105
215
. . GB1 sin BAC = GA1 sin ABC . ,

GA1 GB1 AB , C1G
A1B1C1. , A1G
, . . G .
. C1
1
2
C2 G --( , C2 A1B1).
A, B GA, GB
A , B C2;
B1 ( , ,
). A1 C2.
AC BC GA1 GB1
A1 B1; .
. ,
G ( ABC )
A1B1C1.
, 9
1. . A1 A2
BC, A0B = A0C (. 106).
, A0
A1B1, C. ,
1
1
CBA0 = A0CB = --- C. ABC0 = --- A, , ,
2
1
A0BC0 = B --- ( A + C ) = 45.
2
A
B1
C2
C1
C0
A1
A0
A2
. 106
216
2. . C . O
AMK. AMK =
= AMB = C, AOK = 2 C OKA = OAC = 90
C, . . K, M
(. 107). , .
, KO
K , , K
AC, O
AC
90 C ( B
AC ).
C , ;

C 90, AC, B.
3. . . ,
ALaMa
ABC
X, BX : CX = BA : CA. a
BC;
a
X, BX : CX = CA : BA.
b. , a b
;
, X
; AX : BX : CX = BC : CA : AB.
B
. 107
217
, ,
AXBC, BXCA, CXAB
.
ABC,
.
, ABC ,
A, B, C, X ( ) .
, ,
AX : BX : CX = BC : CA : AB; , X a
b, , .
. ,
ALaMa
X, BX : CX = BA : CA, Oa
A. , , Oa,
Ob, Oc . , O a
a Oa BC,
O a A, O a (
A A
BC ).
, X a, b, c
AX : BX : CX = BC : CA : AB, . .
. ,
a, b, c X,
(
).
, C
ABC. C = 90,
O a O b
A = B, C (. 108). ,
O a
O b
A = B
C
Oa
. 108
218
Ob
O a
O a
A
B
B
B
A
O b
A
C
O b
Ob
Ob
Oa
. 109
. 110
O a , O b , A , ,
O a , O b , A,
.
C (. 109);
O a O b ;
, . 60, , , BB C C
a b . , C
(. 110), O a O b K L;
OaA + ObB =
O a KO a L +
O K+O L
2
a
a
O b KO b L < --------------------------------- +
O K+O L
2
b
b
+ -------------------------------- = OaOb. ,
, .
4. : k = 5.
. 1. , .
A, B, C, D
(, A = D). A, B,
X AB, Y BC,
B, Z CD, C.
P , Q
,
, . AB
Q,
. AB (. 111). ,
Q, Y, l;
B Z . Z
219
. C, ,
l BC .
, = ABY
ABY , . .
Q ,
P. , l BC

,
. , BC
Q,
B
. ,
P Q
B, Q
Z
, P = Q. ,

.
D
l
Z
Q
A
B B
. 111
X
A
2. ,

n
B
D
P
.
L
M
,
C

AB
Y
P. ,
. 112
AB,
P, . .
. ,
AB
, 1, ,
. ,
.
,
ABCD,
. , , A + C
N
360
180 ------------ . B C KL MN
n
P, A, K N
BD (. 112). P O.
1
360
A + C LAM + KCN = --- ( LYM + KXN ) = 180 ------------ .
2
220
360
, B + D 180 ------------ , . .
n
360
A + C 180 + ------------ .
n
, ADCD ,
. A
ABCD, B D. .
C
C
D
. 113
1. B 90. , ABCD
, A, B
( . 113, ,
: CD AB ABCD ,
AB).
2. D B < 90,
A + D B + C 240.
C D , AB 60 (. 114).
C
C
D
D
A
. 114
. 115
, A, B, C, D
.
3. , D B < 90 (
, 90), A + D
B + C 240 ( A ,
A + D). ,
ABCD , . 115.
X Y C D AB;
221
, YB CX. DCX = 270 ( A + D) 30,

CX
XY CX tg 30 = --------- ; ,
3
1
180
B --- ( B + D) 90 ------------ ,
2
. . n tg B 10.
CX
CX
CX
, XB = CX ctg B --------- , YB --------- + --------- < CX,
10
10
.
.
. , ,
:
.
, 10
1. : R 2r.
. . ABC
, C = 90. ,
J 2r AC BC. ,
ABC :
, OJ = R 2r.
, AC, BC P,
Q T;
C
I
Q
O
J
. 116
222
, J . T ,
TP, TQ
, AC BC, . .
B, A AC, BC. AA BB
I. CAATBB,
, P, I, Q . ,
PQ C,
, P, Q J AC BC (. 116),
, J .
. , OI = R ( R 2r ) .
OI OCJ,
4OI2 = 2(OC2 + OJ2) CJ2, 4R(R 2r) = 2R2 + 2OJ2 8r2,
OJ2 = (R 2r)2.
2. . R , O 2,
P 1, O, A
AC 2. CO ACB,
A B OP.
:
C
AB
cos A + cos B = 2 sin ---------- cos ----------------------------- .
2
AB
, -------------------------------- =
2
AB
= COP, . . OP cos ----------------------------- = CO. ,
2
A
1
C
B
. 117
223
OP
C
C
---------- = OCA = OCA, CO sin ---------- = OA = R = --------2
2
2
CO OP
(. 117). , cos A + cos B = 2 --------- ------------- = 1,
OP 2CO
3. : .
. .
. ABC, ABC ,
AC > AC , BC > BC . K AB
CK > C K.
. , A, B, C

CC . , K ,
.
n = 4.
A A
B1 B3
A A
B2 B4
1 3
2 4
. , ------------- ------------- .
A A
B1 B3
1 3
------------- ,
, B1B3 = A1A3, B2B4 A2A4. ,

, , B1 = A1,
B3 = A3; A1A2 > A1B2, A2A3 > B2A3, A3A4 > A3B4, A4A1 > B4A1.
E A1A3 A2A4 (. 118);
A2E > B2E, A4E > B4E , ,
A2A4 = A2E + A4E > B2E + B4E B2B4. .
n. n = 4
. n 5.
, ,
,

A2
A A
B1 Bi
1 i
. ------------
B2
E
A1
B4
A4
. 118
224
A3
. ,
(
, 1)
, , A1Ai >
> B1Bi,

.

A1A2...Ai B1B2...Bi ( i > 3)

AiAi + 1...An BiBi + 1...Bn ( i < n 1).
4. . P
O, P , P
O. P
. P P ,
, .
, ,

.
, ( ,
). ,
, ,
.
, 10
1. . = ACB. I1, I2
ABH, CBH.
, I1H1 : I2H2 = AB : BC = tg .
I1H1, I2H2 AB
BC, AC I1H1 cos
I2H2 sin , . . . , O
H1H2, O AC B1B2,
(. 119).
B
H2
O
I2
H1
I1
B1 H
B2
. 119
2. : .
. . .
O, I
225
ABC, H ABC
ABC , A, B, C AH,
BH, C H . AC C =
= AAC = 90 AC B = BBC = BC C ;
, AB C , . .
AB AB. , ABC ABC
, H
ABC . , ,
ABC ABC .
O I,
I H. , H
OI, OI : IH = R : r (. 120).
C
C
B
A
O
I
A
A
H
B
. 120
ABC (, A B)
OI. AI, BI
OAH, OBH , OI : IH = AO : AH = BO : BH.
, AH = BH = r, , AH + BH
AB > 2r. ,
ABC .
.
H . IC HC AB
CI C H AB. , C, I, C , H
( AC = BC ), CIC H
;
. ABC (, AB),
.
226
AIAH BIBH , AH = AI = r = BI = BH,

, AH + BH AB > 2r.
3. : , ; 4 8 .
. P . ,
P A,
.
P
R; , P Q
. R . ,
P, A,
( !) ,
R.
P R , ,
, .
, P, R, A.
Q, R,
B. , R
. .
, P Q
,
5 , .
,
. 121.
. 121
4. . .
. ABC ABC ,
k;
A1, B1, C1 (. 122).
AC
AC
CB
BA
BA
CB
----------1- ----------1- ----------1- ------------1- ------------1- ------------1- = 1.
C 1 B A 1 C B 1 A C 1 B A 1 C B 1 A
227
B2
C
C
B1
A2
A
A1
C1
B
A
B
. 122
. AC1A
AC 1
AC 1
AA
AA
BC1B ------------- = ---------- ------------- = ---------- .
BC 1
BB
BC 1
BB
, .
. ,
A1, B1 BC AC
C1 AB , ABC
. ABC
A1, B1. A2, B2
AA1, BB1 k; C
A2CB2; A, B C A1, C B1
k; C1 AB AB. C
A2 B2, C1 A B . ,
C A2 B2 C1
A B ( , C = C ,
C2; , ,
). , C1, , ,
, ABC
,
AB C .
, , AA1, BB1, CC1
T,
( , ).
228
C
C
B1
A1
T
A
A
C1
B
B
. 123
;
CB
AC
BA
CB
AC
BA
----------1- ----------1- ----------1- = ------------1- ------------1- ------------1- = 1,
C1 B A1 C B1 A
C 1 B A 1 C B 1 A
. . AA1, BB1, C C1
T. . , , ,
A AC (. 123); T
ATB, AA1.
.
. . . .
.

, 2011 .
1. : , .
. ,
19:58, 20:34. .
2. : .
. a , 1,1a.
0,99a, 1,1a0,9 = 0,99a.
3. : 23 , 24 .
. ,
.
.
23 (. . 22
), 24 ,
. , , 23
.
24 (. . 25
), 23 ,
. , , 24
.
4. : .
. :
.

, ,
2010 .

.
2010 .
230
5. : ) ; ) .
. ) ,
a = 1999...999, b = 2999...999.
223
223
a : 9223 + 1 = 2008,
b 9223 + 2 = 2009.
a + b : 4999...9998.
222
a + b : 4 + 9222 + 8 = 2010.
.
) , a 3 2, b
3, a + b 3 1.
6. : ) ; ) .
. ) , . 124.
. 124
.
) , ,
, .
, .
.
, 2011 .
1. : 420 480 .
. , A
20% 20% , . . 20% ,
.
9000,2 = 180 , . . 21 ,
.
A 5% ,
231
15%. , ,
, 21 : 0,05 = 420.
: 900 420 = 480.
2. : .
. ,
(, 2, 3 5
).
, (. 125)
1 3; 2 6;
4, 5 7.
2
5 7
1
1
3
6
2
7
4
. 125
3. : 21 15 .
. ,
(
) .
, , 12 00
23 05 7 ( 6
).
( ) x
665
x < --------- , , x , x 110.
6
12 59 , x > 101.
,
546
13 59 : x > --------- x > 109.
5
13 00 , x < 121.
,
109 110 .
110.
232
110 , 21 15
.
4. : .
. , 1, 2, 3, 5.
5. : .
. , 10
. 5
. .
6. : 2.
. ,
, . . 1 ,
, 1 m1 , 2 m2 ,
3 m3 . 11m1 = 10m2,
m2 = 1,1m1. 2 3
, 12,5m2 = 12m3.
1.
11m1 + 12,5m2 + 8,25m1 = 30. m2 m1,
11m1 + 13,75m1 + 8,25m1 = 30, . . 1,1m1 = 1.
, 1 10 11 .
, , 2 ,
1 . 3 ,
2.
7. : .
. 0, 1, 2,
. 126.
1
. 126
233
,
0. ,
x. x
1, 2, ,
0, 1,
2, 0 .
, ,
, 63 .
63. 64.
.
8. . .
A (. 127), .
2
4
A
1
. 127
+,
. ,
1, 2 3. .
II
III
IV
.
?
234
: 4.
: A .
:
1) 14 2 7
.
, ;
2) , ,
, 3, 4 .
.
, ;
3)
( 2 + 2 , 1 + 2). . .
4 .
: 1 2.
,
, A (
). .
: 4.
, 1 4
1 ,
. ,
1 ( A ),
, .

.
, 2011 .
1. : . . 128.
. 128
2. : 38.
. 00 23,
19.
00 59, 59.
19:59:59. 38.
235
3. : 13.
.
. 30
. ,
10 . , 10.
13.
4. : , .
.
, , , .
, .
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 = 45.
5. : 0 : 0.
. ,
: ,
, . , .
:
. ,
. , .
6. : 600 .
.
. ,
, .
x x .

, .
, . . 2x .
, , . . x .
: x + x + x + 2x = 1000. , x = 200.
3x , 600 .
, 2011 .
1. : , .
. , x, y z
. ,
, :
3x2y + 3xy2 3y2z + 3zy2 + 3z2x 3zx2 = 2011.
236
,
, 3 .
, x, y z .
,
.
a3 + b3 + c3 3abc = (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 ab bc + ca).
(x y)3 + (y z)3 + (z x)3 = 3(x y)(y z)(z x) = 2011.
2. : , .
.
, , .

, , ,
. ,

.
: 2, 3, 5 7. ( ),
,
, 1.
3. . , CEF = CFE (. 129),

B
C
E
F
. 129
. ,
AED , ADE = 60,
CDE = 90 60 = 30. CD = AD = DE,
EDC , :
CED = ECD = (180 30) : 2 = 75.
237
AC , CAD = 45,
, AFD:
AFD = 180 (45 + 60) = 75.
CFE AFD , , CFE =
= AFD = 75.
4. : 453.
. abc , a
1 9, b c 0 9.
abc.
:
(1 + 2 + ... + 9)(0 + 1 + 2 + ... + 9)(0 + 1 + 2 + ... + 9).
, 900
,
.
45, 453.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
. . .
( . ., . ., . .) . . . . . . . . .
5
. . .
( . ., . ., . .) . . . . . . . . .
14

. . .
( . ., . ., . .) . . . . . . . . .
22

( . ., . ., . .) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36

. . .
( . ., . ., . .) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38
. . .
( . ., . .) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47

( . .) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
56
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
64

( . ., . ., . .) . . . . . . . . .
64
. . .
( . ., . ., . .) . . . . . . . . .
79

. . .
( . ., . ., . .) . . . . . . . . .
99

( . ., . ., . .) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

. . . ( . ., . .,
. .) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
. . .
( . ., . .) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

( . .) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230

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

sin 3, sin 4 sin 5 

4. a1, a2, ..., a2011 1, 2, ..., 2011

= 1, 2 ... 2 (46 ), = 2, 7 ... 78 (45 ).

4. log4(4sin2 2x) = 2 log2( 2 tg x).

(b1b2 ... b60), b1, b2, ... 

2002[n 1001 2 + 1 ] = n [2002 1001 2 + 1 ],

: |u| > |v|,

4. 5 logx 2 log2 x + 5 log2 x logx 2 10.

8. a1, a2, ...

21 sin x + 1 --- + 22 sin x + 2 --- + ... + 299 sin x + 99 --- = 0.

1. 22x + 5022x + 2 2009 0.

2. 3 cos x + 4 sin x sin y =

6 2 cos xctg x 2 2 ctg x + 3 cos x 1 = 0?

3. b1, b2, b3, b4, b5 

3. log|x| ( 5 x + 4) 2 log x 2 (8 2x).

A1B, B1C, C1D K, L, M .

3. log4 (10x + 56) = 1 + log2 (1 x).

y2 = 2(1 + cos 2x), |x| --- ,

10. (. ; 811) ABC.

SA1 = SA2 = ... = SAn SA1O = SA2O = ... =

, SOA1, SOA2, ..., SOAn

2008). 442 < 2008 < 452, 

sin + sin (. 9).

sin + sin = 2 sin ------------- cos ------------- , 

sin ------------- (. 10). 

4. : 72, 108, 72, 108 72, 72, 72, 144.

x2y + y2z + z2x xy2 + yz2 + zx2.

--- f (t) > 0

t > t0. , f (t) t < t0 

t > t0. y t0, x < y t0 y = f (x) > z = f (y). 

PBQ = ABP ABK = --- ABK,

BPQ = ABK BPQ ABK (

, FAB = , FAE = + (90

BDE = BEC = 90, DEB = BCE ( 

10. : x --2- + n; --4- + n

8. : V = 275 (tg 20  tg 10).

--- --- ------ {}.

tg 3x(1 tg x tg 2x) = tg x + tg 2x,

x (0, ] tg 3x = 0 x = --- , x = ------ ,

x (0; ] 0 < < --- .

|u| < |v|; v < 0

{(v, u) : u > v},

x3 4x > 0 x ( 2, 0) (2, +)

5. : 24, 108, 486, 2187.

, DLB ~ DOL DL2 = DODB. 

5. : k {0, 1, 2, ... , 13, 14, 86, 87, ..., 99, 100}.

k = 5 10 1 < n5 < 10, 

0 < , , < --0 < , , < --- .

= --- , = --- , --- < < --- .

= (sin 1cos 1)(sin 2cos 2) ... (sin 44cos 44) ------- =

= 244,5 log2 a = 44,5.

(ABC ), xy + 2yz + 3xz = 24 3 .

2 3 sin x + 1 --- = 2 cos x + 1 --- 22 cos x + 2 --- ;

22 3 sin x + 2 --- = 22 cos x + 2 --- 23 cos x + 3 --- ;

3 21 sin x + 1 --- + 22sin x + 2 --- + ... + 299sin x + 99 --- =

= 2 cos x + 1 --- 2100 cos x + 100 --- = (2 + 2100) cos x + --- .

cos x + --- = 0 x = --- + n; n Z.

OB1 < OB2, OC1 > OC2, OD1 < OD2. 

(1, 0) A1, A2, ..., n, Ak = (xk , yk ),

, A1, A2, ..., n

AOAk = k 0; --- ; k = 1, 2, ..., n (. 36).

= 2 sin |i j | = 2 |sin (i j )| = 2 |sin i cos j cos i sin j |.

sin 3, sin 4 sin 5

(b1b2 ... b60), b1, b2, ...

3. b1, b2, b3, b4, b5

2008). 442 < 2008 < 452,

sin + sin = 2 sin ------------- cos ------------- ,

sin ------------- (. 10).

t > t0. , f (t) t < t0

t > t0. y t0, x < y t0 y = f (x) > z = f (y).

BDE = BEC = 90, DEB = BCE (

8. : V = 275 (tg 20 tg 10).

x3 4x > 0 x ( 2, 0) (2, +)

, DLB ~ DOL DL2 = DODB.

k = 5 10 1 < n5 < 10,

OB1 < OB2, OC1 > OC2, OD1 < OD2.

, y = |sin x| + |cos x|,

cos x0 cos x0 + --- . x0 0; --- ,

cos x0 + ------ cos x0 + ------ .

, ------ > --- < x0 + ------ < x0 + ------ < 2.

, x (1; 0) (0; 1).

(sin )2 = --- , sin = ------- , = --- . ABD

. TABC (. 52) TA AB, TA AC,

TR = 40 + 9 = 7 TAR. hM min = (TR, AB).

5. : x [0; 1) (1; 2) (3; ).

a (; 0) [1; ), , x 0.

--- + k, k Z; x --- + 2n, n Z;

4 cos2 x 1 = 0; cos x = --- ; x = --- + 2n,

ABE, ABE = 90, , AE = 5x, BH = ------ x.

4) ABC (AMP2P3) = AP3, ,

6. : c ; --2- (4; ).

TF l. TO1F O1P = (O1, ),