BO GIAO DUC VA AO TAO

E CHNH THC

AP AN - THANG IEM
E THI TUYEN SINH AI HOC NAM 2014
Mon: TOAN; Khoi A va Khoi A1
(ap an - Thang iem gom 03 trang)

ap an

Cau
a) (1,0 iem)
1
(2,0) Tap xac nh D = R \ {1}.
S bien thien:

3
; y 0 < 0, x D.
(x 1)2
Ham so nghch bien tren tng khoang (; 1) va (1; +).

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- Chieu bien thien: y 0 =

- Gii han va tiem can:

lim y = lim y = 1; tiem can ngang: y = 1.

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x+

lim y = ; lim y = +; tiem can ng: x = 1.

x1+

x1

- Bang bien thien:

x
y0
y

iem

1 P
P

+ P
PP

PP
PP
q
P

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PP
PP
q

o th:

1


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b) (1,0 iem)
 a + 2
M (C) M a;
, a 6= 1.
a1

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a + 2 

a +

a 1 .
Khoang cach t M en ng thang y = x la d =
2
h

a2 2a + 4 = 0
d = 2 |a2 + 2| = 2|a 1|
a2 + 2a = 0.
a2 2a + 4 = 0: phng trnh vo nghiem.
h a=0
a2 + 2a = 0
Suy ra toa o iem M can tm la: M (0; 2) hoac M (2; 0).
a = 2.
1

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ap an

Cau
Phng trnh a cho tng ng vi
2
(1,0) (sin x 2)(2 cos x 1) = 0.

iem
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sin x + 4 cos x = 2 + 2 sin x cos x

sin x 2 = 0: phng trnh vo nghiem.

2 cos x 1 = 0 x = + k2 (k Z).
3

Nghiem cua phng trnh a cho la: x = + k2 (k Z).

3

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3
Phng trnh hoanh o giao iem cua ng cong y = x 2 x + 3 va ng thang
h x=1
(1,0)
y = 2x + 1 la x2 x + 3 = 2x + 1
x = 2.
2
Z
Dien tch hnh phang can tm la S =
|x2 3x + 2|dx
1


 Z2
  x3 3x2
2 

 
 
2
=  (x 3x + 2)dx = 

+ 2x  
 3
2
1

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1
= .
6

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3a + b = 3
4
a) at z = a + bi (a, b R). T gia thiet suy ra
ab=5
(1,0)
a = 2, b = 3. Do o so phc z co phan thc bang 2, phan ao bang 3.

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b) So phan t cua khong gian mau la: C 416 = 1820.

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So ket qua thuan li cho bien co 4 the c anh so chan la: C 48 = 70.
70
1
Xac suat can tnh la p =
= .
1820
26

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Goi M la giao iem cua d va (P ), suy ra M (2 + t; 2t; 3 + 3t).

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3
3
(1,0) M (P ) suy ra 2(2 + t) + (2t) 2(3 + 3t) 1 = 0 t = . Do o M ; 3; .
2
2
2

d co vect ch phng u = (1; 2; 3), (P ) co vect phap tuyen n = (2; 1; 2).

Mat phang () can viet phng trnh co vect phap tuyen [

u,
n ] = (1; 8; 5).
7

Ta co A(2; 0; 3) d nen A (). Do o () : (x 2) + 8(y 0) + 5(z + 3) = 0,

ngha la () : x + 8y + 5z + 13 = 0.
6
(1,0)

Goi H la trung iem cua AB, suy

ra SH (ABCD).
Dopo SH HD. Ta co SH = SD 2 DH 2
= SD 2 (AH 2 + AD 2 ) = a.

B


1
a3
.SH.SABCD = .
3
3
Goi K la hnh chieu vuong goc cua H tren BD va
E la hnh chieu vuong goc cua H tren SK. Ta co
BD HK va BD SH, nen BD (SHK).
Suy ra BD HE. Ma HE SK,
do o HE (SBD).

a 2
\
Ta co HK = HB. sin KBH =
.
4
HS.HK
a
Suy ra HE =
= .
2
2
3
HS + HK
2a
Do o d(A, (SBD)) = 2d(H, (SBD)) = 2HE =
.
3
Suy ra V S.ABCD =

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ap an

7
Ta co M N = 10. Goi a la o dai canh cua
hnh vuong ABCD,
I
C
3AC
3a 2
a
(1,0) D
=
,
a > 0. Ta co AM = va AN =
2
4
4
5a2
N
\
.
nen M N 2 = AM 2 + AN 2 2AM.AN. cos M
AN =
8
2
5a
Do o
= 10, ngha la a = 4.
8
Goi I(x; y) la trung iem cua CD. Ta co IM = AD = 4
BD
A
M
B
= 2, nen ta co he phng trnh
va IN =
4

h x = 1; y = 2
(x 1)2 + (y 2)2 = 16

17
6
(x 2)2 + (y + 1)2 = 2
x=
;y = .
5
5

Vi x = 1; y = 2 ta co I(1; 2) va IM = (0; 4).

ng thang CD i qua I va co vect phap tuyen la IM, nen co phng trnh y + 2 = 0.

 17
17
6
6
 12 16 
Vi x =
; y = ta co I
;
va IM = ;
.
5
5
5
5
5
5

ng thang CD i qua I va co vect phap tuyen la IM, nen co phng trnh 3x4y15 = 0.
(
p

x 12 y + y(12 x2 ) = 12 (1)
8
ie
u
kie
n
:
2
3

2
3; 2 y 12.

(1,0)
x3 8x 1 = 2 y 2
(2).
p

x2 + 12 y
y + 12 x2
Ta co x 12 y
va y(12 x2 )
2
2

p

x0
2
nen x 12 y + y(12 x ) 12. Do o (1)
y = 12 x2 .

Thay vao (2) ta c x3 8x 1 = 2 10 x2 x3 8x 3 + 2(1 10 x2 ) = 0


2(x + 3) 

(x 3) x2 + 3x + 1 +
= 0 (3).
1 + 10 x2
Cau

iem

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Do x 0 nen x2 + 3x + 1 +

2(x + 3)

> 0.
1 + 10 x2

Do o (3) x = 3. Thay vao he va oi chieu ieu kien ta c nghiem: (x; y) = (3; 3).
9
Ta co 0 (x y z)2 = x2 + y 2 + z 2 2xy 2xz + 2yz = 2(1 xy xz + yz),
(1,0) nen x2 + yz + x + 1 = x(x + y + z + 1) + (1 xy xz + yz) x(x + y + z + 1).
x2
x
Suy ra 2

.
x + yz + x + 1
x+y+z+1
Mac khac, (x + y + z) 2 = x2 + y 2 + z 2 + 2x(y + z) + 2yz = 2 + 2yz + 2x(y + z)
x+y+z
(x + y + z)2
2 + 2yz + [x2 + (y + z)2 ] = 4(1 + yz). Do o P

.
x+y+z+1
36
at t = x + y + z, suy ra t 0 va t 2 = (x + y + z)2 = (x2 +
y 2 + z 2 ) + 2xy + 2yz + 2zx
2 + (x2 + y 2 ) + (y 2 + z 2 ) + (z 2 + x2 ) = 6. Do o 0 t 6.

t
t2
Xet f (t) =
, vi 0 t 6.
t + 1 36
1
t
(t 2)(t2 + 4t + 9)
Ta co f 0 (t) =

, nen f 0 (t) = 0 t = 2.
(t + 1)2 18
18(t + 1)2

5
31
6
5
Ta co f (0) = 0; f (2) = va f ( 6) =

, nen f (t) khi 0 t 6.

9
30
5
9
5
5
5
Do o P . Khi x = y = 1 va z = 0 th P = . Do o gia tr ln nhat cua P la .
9
9
9
Het
3

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