Sister Callista Roy:

Roy Adaptation Model

 Image
 Mid 1960’s through
the 1970’s

 Caring

 Stereotypes
 Evolving Image
 The Female Liberation Movement

 Feminism

 Empowerment

 Professionals
 Personal Image

 Sister Nurse

 Nurse Scholar
 Callista Roy-time line
1987-Present
1991 Professor,
Research, and Nurse
1966-83 Dept. MeasurementTheorist. School
of 1971 1978
Nursing of…adapting to of Nursing,
October 14, 1939
1964-66 1973of Fellow
(MSMC) Integration
Award, 1981of American situations… Boston College
CallistaConceptualization
Roy Born of MA (Sociology)
Psychiatric
Academy of Nursing
Founder’s Award
Model
Concept

1963
BA (Nursing)1966 1971-74 1977
1968
MS (Nursing)Chair, PhD 1978-79 1987
Dept(Sociology)
of 1991
Model putNursing
into Study, Project
(MSMC) 100,000
Director
(est.)Award, National
practice nursing students
League for Nursing
graduated with
knowledge of
RAM
 Metaparadigm:
Person
 Humans are holistic, adaptive
systems
 A whole with the parts that function in
unity for some purpose
 Not limited to just the individual can
include; groups, families,
organizations, communities, and
society as a whole
Metaparadigm
Environment
 Includes all the conditions,
circumstances, and influences
surrounding and affecting the
development and behaviours
of the person.
 Stimuli include can be
categorized as focal,
contextual and residual.
 Internal and External
 Metaparadigm
Health

 A state and a process of being and

becoming integrated as a whole
person

 Reflection of adaptation that is the

interaction of the person and the
environment
 Metaparadigm
Nursing
 Acts to enhance the
interaction of the
person with the
environment to
promote adaptation

 A science and practice

that expands adaptive
abilities and enhances
person and
environmental
transformation.
 Metaparadigm
Adaptation
 Added by Roy
 Process and outcome whereby thinking and
feeling persons use conscious awareness and
choice to create human environment integration
 “every human life is purposeful in a universe
that is creative and persons are inseparable
from the environment”
(Dr. Callista Roy).
 Roy Adaptation Model
(RAM)-Terms
 System-a set of parts connected to function as a
whole for some purpose
 Stimulus-something that provokes a response, point
of interaction for the human system and the
environment
 Focal Stimuli-internal or external stimulus most
immediately affecting the system
 Contextual Stimulus-all other stimulus present in the
situation
 Residual Stimulus-environmental factor, that effects
on the situation that are unclear
 Terms
 Regulator Subsystem-automatic response to stimulus
(neural, chemical, and endocrine)
 Cognator Subsystem-responds through four
cognitive-emotive channels (perceptual and
information processing, learning, judgment, and
emotion)
 Behaviour-internal or external actions and reactions
under specific circumstances
 Adaptive Responses-promote the integrity of the
human system
 Ineffective Responses-neither promote not contribute
to the integrity of the human system
 Terms
 Copping Process-innate or acquired
ways of interacting with the changing
environment
 Innate-genetically determined,
automatic process
 Acquired-developed through learning,
deliberate and conscious
 4 Modes of Adaptation
1.Physiologic-Physical Mode
 Behaviour pertaining to
the physical aspect of the
human system
 Physical and chemical
processes
 Nurse must be
knowledgeable about
normal processes
 5 needs (Oxygenation,
Nutrition, Elimination,
Activity & Rest, and
Protection)
2.Self Concept-Group Identity Mode
 The composite of beliefs and
feelings held about oneself at
a given time
 Focus on the psychological
and spiritual aspects of the
human system
 Need to know who one is, so
that one can exist with a state
of unity, meaning, and
purposefulness
 2 modes (physical self, and
personal self)
 Goal: psychological integrity
3.Role Function Mode
 Set of expectations about how a person
occupying one position behaves toward
a person occupying another position
 Basic need-social integrity, the need to
know who one is in relation to others
 Goal: Social integrity
4.Interdependance Mode
 Behaviour pertaining to
interdependent
relationships of
individuals and groups
 Focus on the close
relationships of people
and their purpose
 Each relationship exists
for some reason
 Involves the willingness
and ability to give to
others and accept from
others
 Balance results in feelings
of being valued and
supported by others
 Basic need-feeling of
security in relationships
 S
ti
m
ul
Feedback

Roy us
Adaptation
Model

Physiologic
Mode Re
Self Concept sp
on
Mode se
Role Function s
Mode Human System
Interdependence
Mode
 NIPISSING BUDDING
NURSING THEORISTS
Presents…

The Life and Times of

Julie P.

Screen Play by: M.Hansen

Directed by: S.J.Fitzgerald
 Scene 1
 Child has just been
diagnosed with DM
 Mother is trying to
maintain a positive
attitude about the
experience
Scene 2
 Evidence of
ineffective
adaptation
 Scene 3
 Nurse offers
suggestion
(intervention)
Scene 4
 Change in Julie P’s
behaviour
 Adaptation evident
 Scene 5

 Building on past
interventions

 Offering more
choices
Scene 6

 Effective
Adaptation
achieved
 6 Step Nursing Process
1. Assesses the behaviours manifested from
the four adaptive modes
2. Assess the stimuli, and categorize them
into type of stimuli
3. Create a nursing diagnosis of the
person’s adaptive state
4. Set goals to improve adaptation
5. Implement interventions to achieve goals
6. Evaluate if goals have been met
 Six Step Nursing
Assess. Assess. Process
Nsg. Set Goals Interventio Evaluation
Of Of Dx. n
Behaviour Stimulus

-Data -identify - - -change -assessment

gathering stimuli Formulatio establishme stimulus of behaviour
about the -consult n of nt of clear -appropriate, response, in
behavior of with client statements statements with the relation to
the person as -it is that of the highest goal
an adaptive classified as interpret behavioral probability of -may cause
system in data about outcomes for achieving negative
focal,
each of the contextual the nursing care goals feedback
adaptive or residual adaptation which is -agreed upon and have to
modes status of realistic and with client set new
the person, attainable goals
including
the
behavior
and most
relevant
stimuli
 Our personal philosophy
 The positive energy exchange that
occurs between a nurse and the
client results in a true, caring,
therapeutic relationship, conducive
to a healing environment.
 References
 George, J.B. (2002). Nursing Theories, The Base for Professional
Nursing Practice. Upper Saddle River, NJ. Prentice Hall.

 Fawcette, J. (2002). The Nurse Theorists: 21st Century Updates-

Callista Roy. Nursing Quarterly. 15:4,3008-310

 Roy, C. & Andrews, H.A. (1999). The Roy Adaptation Model.

Stamford, CT. Appleton & Lance.

 Tomey, A.M. & Alligood, M.R. (2002). Nursing theorists and their
work. St.Louis: Mosby

 Unknown. Implementing the Roy adaptation model: From theory

to practice. Retrieved from www2.bc.edu on November 12,
2006.