Final Project 1

Final Project: Calculating 5 Statistical Terms

Melinda Dye
Purdue University

Final Project 2
Final Project
I ntroduction
The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is focused on providing cutting-edge care to
Veterans. In order to provide top of the line care, the VHA has tasked itself with becoming a
data-driven organization. The VHA realized more needed to be done to increase the analytics
capability of their staff; they wanted to create an analytically competent workforce. In 2011
they created the Field Based Analytics Team (FBA) to promote consultation, education and tools
relating to data analytics.
The VHA partnered with Nebraska Methodist College in 2010 to create the Healthcare
Analytics Certificate Program. The courses are non-credit and available only to employees of
the Department of Veterans Affairs. Employees must complete all four courses to earn the
certificate. Since the program was created, 1216 employees have enrolled, however only 233
have earned the certificate. The Field Based Analytics Team was tasked with increasing the
amount of graduates from 19% to 30% in the next year.
Course Enrolled & Passed
Course 1 Healthcare Data Analysis Offered 11 times: 1216 enrolled and
983 passed the course
Course 2 Healthcare Systems Improvement Offered 8 times: 677 enrolled and 616
passed the course
Course 3 Healthcare Data Mining Offered 5 times: 328 enrolled and
258 passed the course
Course 4 Healthcare Project Analysis Offered 4 times: 245 enrolled and
233 passed the course

The FBA team expressed concerns with the statistical knowledge participants had prior to
entering the course. They want to create a module that would be a pre-requisite to the HACP,
focusing on knowledge that is necessary in order for the participants to be successful in all four
Final Project 3
courses. The FBA team and the Instructional Designer decided on the following instructional
goal:
Participants will review 5 statistical terms (maximum, minimum, range, mean, and
medium), use them in an Excel worksheet example, and then apply the 5 statistical terms to their
own data set
Analysis
As stated in the introduction, the participants of HACP are all VHA employees.
Employees must have a bachelors degree and supervisor approval to enroll in the course. At the
end of each course, a survey is conducted which the Instructional Designer used to further
understand the needs of the course. Employees range in age from 26 to 64 and are in clinical
and non-clinical positions within the VHA. Most employees identify themselves as being
good in math, however 56% state they are comfortable with statistics. Employees are asked
the likelihood of taking the next course and below are the response:
*71% of Course 1 participants were likely to take Course 2
*49% of Course 2 participants were likely to take Course 3
*98% of Course 3 participants were likely to take Course 4
The Instructional Designer administered another survey to students who passed courses 1, 2, or 3
and asked if they were continuing to the next course, why:
Wanted to complete the program and obtain the certificate
Found the information useful in their job
The students were then asked if they passed a course, however did not take the next course why
not:
Didnt have the time, work was too busy
Final Project 4
Course was much harder than expected because of the math
Context
All employees have a designated computer that is loaded with the Microsoft Suite (Excel,
Word, PowerPoint, etc.). Computers are located in both public and private locations depending
if the employee is clinical or non-clinical. Employees have the ability to print from their
workstation to any printer in the facility. Each facility also has a minimum of one computer lab
that serves as a training room. Each training room is equipped with a minimum of 15 computers,
whiteboards, projector w/screen, and whiteboards. Training rooms are reserved through a
reservation management system which is fairly easy to utilize.
The facilitator will conduct the training in a classroom, however the training will be set-
up as self-paced learning for employees who are located in remote stations. Each participant will
have their own computer with access to Microsoft Excel.




















Main Instructional Goal: Participants will review 5
statistical terms (maximum, minimum, range, mean,
and medium), use them in an Excel worksheet, and
choose the correct term in a knowledge check.

1. Review 5 statistical terms
(maximum, minimum, range,
mean, and medium)
2. Use them in an
Excel worksheet
3. Apply 5 statistical
terms to own dataset
Final Project 5
Subordinate Skills Analysis











Final Project 6
Objectives and Assessment

Main Instructional Goal: Participants will
review 5 statistical terms (minimum,
maximum, range, mean, and medium), use
them in an Excel worksheet, and choose the
correct term in a knowledge check.

Terminal Objective: When presented with the
terms minimum, maximum, range, mean and
medium, employees will know what each
term means. Employees will know how to
use Excel to calculate each term using any
data. Employees will apply the 5 statistical
terms to their own existing worksheet.
Main Step in I nstructional Goal Objective
1.0Review the statistical terms: minimum,
maximum, range, mean and median.
When asked to identify the most common
statistical terms, employees should identify
minimum, maximum, range, mean and
median.
Subordinate Skill Objective
1.1 Define the term minimum Given the term minimum, maximum, range,
mean, and median employees will define each
term as follows:
Minimum as the smallest number in a
data set.
Maximum as the largest number in a
data set.
Range is the difference between the
minimum and maximum.
Mean is the average of the data set
Median is the middle number when
the data is ordered from smallest to
largest. If there is an odd number of
data points, the median will be the
middle data point. If there is an even
number of data points, the median is
the average of the two middle points.

1.2 Define the term maximum
1.3 Define the term range
1.4 Define the term mean
1.5 Define the term median
1.6 Identify why these 5 statistical terms are
useful in data analysis
When asked to describe why these terms are
useful in data analysis, employees will
describe spread of the data, proximity of
mean and median, and distribution of data.
Main I nstructional Goal Objective
2.0 Demonstrate the 5 statistical terms in
Excel
Given a computer with Microsoft Excel,
calculate the minimum, maximum, range,
mean and median for an example worksheet.
Subordinate Skill Objective
2.1 Open Excel File Using a computer with Windows 7, open
Microsoft Excel and access the workbook
Stats 5 Terms
2.1.1 Click on the Office button located in the
lower left corner of the screen
2.1.2 Click on All Programs
Final Project 7
2.1.3 Click on Microsoft Office 2010
2.1.4 Click on Microsoft Excel 2010
2.1.5 Click on the File tab in the top left
corner
2.1.6 Click on Open
2.1.7 Click on Desktop
2.1.8 Click on Stats 5 Terms NOTE: See
Addendum 1 for copy of worksheet
Subordinate Skill Objective
2.2. Enter 5 statistical terms Using the workbook Stat 5 Terms, type the
terms: Min, Max, Range, Mean and Median
to prepare worksheet for calculation of terms
2.2.1 In cell F7 type the word Min
2.2.2 In cell F8 type the word Max
2.2.3 In cell F9 type the word Range
2.2.4 In cell F10 type the word Mean
2.2.5 In cell F11 type the word Median
Subordinate Skill Objective
2.3 Calculate Minimum Using the Excel workbook Stat 5 Terms,
calculate the Minimum for the data set in
cells D4-D15
2.3.1 Click on cell G7
2.3.2 Click on the Formulas tab in the
Ribbon
2.3.3Click the arrow below AutoSum
2.3.4 Click on Min
2.3.5 Left click on cell D4 and drag to cell
D15
2.3.6 Hit Enter on keyboard
Subordinate Skill Objective
2.4 Calculate Maximum Using the Excel workbook Stat 5 Terms,
calculate the Maximum for the data set in
cells D4-D15
2.4.1 Click on cell G8
2.4.2 Click on arrow below AutoSum
2.4.3 Click on Max
2.4.4 Left click on cell D4 and drag to cell
D15
2.4.5 Hit Enter on keyboard
Subordinate Skill Objective
2.5 Calculate Range Using the Excel workbook Stat 5 Terms,
calculate the Range for the data set in cells
D4-D15
2.5.1Click on the cell G9
2.5.2 Hit the = on keyboard
2.5.3 Type G8-G7
2.5.4 Hit Enter on keyboard
Subordinate Skill Objective
2.6 Calculate Mean Using the Excel workbook Stat 5 Terms,
calculate the Mean for the data set in cells
D4-D15
2.6.1 Click on cell G10
2.6.2 Click the arrow below AutoSum
2.6.3 Click on Average
Final Project 8
2.6.4 Left click on cell D4 and drag to cell
D15
2.6.5 Hit Enter on keyboard
Subordinate Skill Objective
2.7 Calculate Median Using the Excel workbook Stat 5 Terms,
calculate the Median for the data set in cells
D4-D15
2.7.1 Click on cell G11
2.7.2 Click on Insert Function
2.7.3 In the Search for a Function box, type
Median and click on Go
2.7.4 The term will appear at the top in the
Select a function box
2.7.5 Click OK
2.7.6 The Function Arguments box will
appear; erase anything in the Number 1
field
2.7.7 In the Number 1 field, type in D4:D15
2.7.8 Click OK
Main I nstructional Goal Objective
3.0 Apply 5 statistical terms to own data set When asked to apply the 5 statistical terms:
maximum, minimum, range, mean and
median employees will use a data set of their
own to calculate the 5 terms using Excel.
Subordinate Skill Objective
3.1 Calculate maximum, minimum, range,
mean, and median
Using the employees Excel workbook, the
employee will correctly calculate the 5
statistical terms on the worksheet with their
identified data set.
3.1.1 Open employees existing worksheet in
Excel
3.1.2 Type the words: minimum, maximum,
range, mean, and median somewhere on the
worksheet
3.1.3 Next to each of the 5 statistical terms,
correctly calculate each term based on the
employees data set



Assessment
Performance Objectives for Subordinate
Skills
Parallel Test I tem
1.0When asked to identify the most common
statistical terms, employees should identify
maximum, minimum, range, mean, and
median.
Below is a list of statistical terms. Circle the 5
terms that you feel are the most common
statistical terms that might be used in day-to-
day analysis.

1. Z-test
2. Box model
Final Project 9
3. Range
4. Chi square statistic
5. Mean
6. Maximum
7. Margin of Error
8. Minimum
9. Median
10. Ordinal variable
1.1 1.5Given the term maximum, minimum,
range, mean, and median employees will
define each term as follows:
Minimum as the smallest number in a
data set.
Maximum as the largest number in a
data set.
Range is the difference between the
minimum and maximum.
Mean is the average of the data set
Median is the middle number when
the data is ordered from smallest to
largest. If there is an odd number of
data points, the median will be the
middle data point. If there is an even
number of data points, the median is
the average of the two middle points.

Using the provided job-aid, review the
definitions of each term.

Using the data set below, write the correct
data next to the term.


2.1 2.1.8 Using a computer with Windows
7, open Microsoft Excel and access the
workbook Stat 5 Terms
Once the exercise is complete, the facilitator
will check the worksheet to ensure the
answers are correct. To be successful you
must have 7 out of 7 correct.

1. Opened workbook Yes No
2. Typed all 5 terms Yes No
3. Calculated min Yes No
4. Calculated max Yes No
5. Calculated range Yes No
6. Calculated mean Yes No
7. Calculated range Yes No
2.2 2.2.5 Using the workbook Stat 5
Terms, type the terms: Min, Max, Range,
Mean and Median to prepare worksheet for
calculation of terms
2.3-2.3.6Using the Excel workbook Stat 5
Terms, calculate the Minimum for the data
set in cells D4-D15
2.4-2.4.5 Using the Excel workbook Stat 5
Terms, calculate the Maximum for the
data set in cells D4-D15
2.5-2.5.4 Using the Excel workbook Stat 5
Terms, calculate the Range for the data set
in cells D4-D15
2.6-2.6.5 Using the Excel workbook Stat 5
Terms, calculate the Mean for the data set
in cells D4-D15
2.7-2.7.8 Using the Excel workbook Stat 5
Final Project 10
Terms, calculate the Median for the data
set in cells D4-D15
3.1 3.1.3 Using the employees Excel
workbook, the employee will correctly
calculate the 5 statistical terms on the
worksheet with their identified data set.
Once the exercise is complete, the facilitator
will check the worksheet to ensure the
answers are correct. To be successful you
must have 7 out of 7 correct.

1. Opened workbook Yes No
2. Typed all 5 terms Yes No
3. Calculated min Yes No
4. Calculated max Yes No
5. Calculated range Yes No
6. Calculated mean Yes No
7. Calculated range Yes No



Final Project 11
Copy of Assembled Assessment

Calculate 5 Common Statistical Terms
Review the 10 terms below. Based on your existing knowledge of math and statistics, identify
the 5 most common statistical terms.

1. Z-test
2. Box model
3. Range
4. Chi square statistic
5. Mean
6. Maximum
7. Margin of error
8. Minimum
9. Median
10. Ordinal variable

Using the data set below, write the correct data next to the term.


Final Project 12

Using the instructions provided, calculate the answers for the following 5 statistical terms:
minimum, maximum, range, mean, and median. You will practice using the provided workbook
Stat 5 Terms. To successfully complete this class, you will use your own workbook and
accurately calculate the 5 statistical terms for your data. The facilitator will review your answers
for accuracy.
Practice Workbook Stat 5 Terms
1. Opened workbook Yes No
2. Typed all 5 terms Yes No
3. Calculated min Yes No
4. Calculated max Yes No
5. Calculated range Yes No
6. Calculated mean Yes No
7. Calculated range Yes No

Personal Workbook
1. Opened workbook Yes No
2. Typed all 5 terms Yes No
3. Calculated min Yes No
4. Calculated max Yes No
5. Calculated range Yes No
6. Calculated mean Yes No
7. Calculated range Yes No
Final Project 13

I nstruction
Employees will be given the job-aid to use for both facilitator and self-paced training
versions. The job-aid reviews the definitions of the 5 statistical terms, reviews why they are
important, provides an example, and then instructions on how to calculate each of the terms
using Excel. If the class is facilitator led, its recommended that they demonstrate this
information via projection from computer. Employees will complete the course using a
computer; therefore if the course is instructor led they will be able to follow along as the
instructor provides the examples.















Final Project 14

Final Project 15



Final Project 16
Evaluation
Topic: Calculating 5 Statistical Terms Designer: Melinda Dye
Criteria Excellent Good Acceptable Needs
Improvement
Score
Analysis Optimal analysis; they
possessed the
necessary skills,
opportunities existed
to make choices, there
was varying degree of
effort, and
modification of
instruction was
possible if needed
Positive analysis;
possessed most of the
skills, there were a few
opportunities to make
choices, some varying
degree of effort
required, and some
modification of
instruction existed.
Neutral analysis;
possessed a few of
the skills needed for
training, there was
at least one choice
during instruction,
and there was little
modification
possible.
Poor analysis; some
skills were not
present for training;
no choices during
instruction, and no
modification
possible.
3
Design Optimal design; there
were a wide-variety of
activities, the
objectives reinforced
the behaviors, multiple
opportunities for
mastery of goals was
possible, and varied
instructional content.
Positive design; there
were multiple
activities, most
objectives reinforced
the behaviors, some
opportunities for
mastery of goals, and
some varied
instructional content
existed.
Neutral design;
There were 1-2
activities, at least
one objective
reinforced the
behaviors, a few
opportunities for
mastery of goals,
and little varied
instructional
content.
Poor design;
There were no
activities,
objectives did not
reinforce behaviors,
no opportunity for
mastery of goal,
and no variance of
instructional
content.
4
Development Optimal development:
Course includes
multiple options for
modeling, activities
reinforce usefulness of
tasks, activities
support scaffolding,
collaborative learning
is included, students
and instructions able to
set short and long term
goals.
Positive development:
Course includes a few
options for modeling,
some activities
reinforce usefulness of
tasks, a few activities
suppose scaffolding,
possibility of
collaborative learning
is included, and
students and
instructors are able to
set long or short term
goals.
Neutral
development:
Couse includes one
options for
modeling, activities
might reinforce
usefulness of tasks,
activities possibly
support scaffolding,
collaborative
learning is limited,
and students or
instructors are able
to set short or long
term goals.
Poor development:
Course does not
including modeling,
activities do not
reinforce usefulness
of tasks, scaffolding
is not included,
collaborative
learning is not
includes and goal-
setting is not
available.
3/2
Implementation Optional
implementation:
Instructor provides
ability feedback when
opportunity exists,
possesses a strong
level of enthusiasm
and interest, classroom
environment is
positive and rewards
are established for
meeting goals.
Positive
implementation:
Instructor provides
varying some ability
feedback, has
enthusiasm and
interest, classroom
environment is positive
most of the time, and
there are limited
rewards.
Neutral
implementation:
Instructors provides
ability feedback
occasionally, has
enthusiasm or
interest, classroom
environment is
positive sometimes,
and rewards could
be offered.
Poor
implementation:
Instructor provides
no ability feedback,
has little or no
interest or
enthusiasm,
classroom
environment is not
positive or negative
and there is no
option for rewards.
3/2



Final Project 17
I nstructional Designer Reflection of Motivation Use in I nstruction
The need for a course on the 5 statistics of minimum, maximum, range, mean and median
was identified during the last year upon evaluating the course completion rates of the Healthcare
Analytics Certificate Program (HACP). The instructors of the HACP have provided feedback
when asked about the decrease from course to course and their main feedback tends to be on the
lack of knowledge regarding common statistical terms. Many of the participants were exposed
to these terms in past educational experiences, however are not familiar enough with them now.
The instructors stated that the lack of knowledge with these terms can be a challenge for students
and cause them to spend more time than expected on homework.
The instructional designer used the knowledge provided by the instructors to create the
mini course on the 5 statistics. Since the HACP is voluntary, enrollment indicates some level of
learner motivation. It would be logical to assume since the learner is motivated that they would
seek out independently to understand these terms. In some cases this would be true, however
some students over-estimate their knowledge of statistics, and some students dont have the time
to do further research and stay current with homework. Providing a course that could be taken
during the work schedule and will have little interruption to their workday will motivate some to
take the course.
All of the students attending this course will have the necessary skills of being able to
operate a computer and use Excel. A prerequisite of HACP is a basic understanding of Excel.
The course will provide learners with the opportunity to make a choice in what data they use for
the final exercise; learners could select a data set theyve been tasked with analyzing or a random
sample. The instructors are experts in the subject and can provide additional examples if needed
based on classroom feedback.
Final Project 18
The course was designed with mastery in mind; learners will leave the class easily
knowing how to calculate the 5 terms with or without the use of Excel. Learners will complete a
variety of exercises which will reinforce the 5 terms: a hardcopy example with their job-aid, an
example with a provided data set in Excel, and a final exercise using their own data set in Excel.
Learners will complete a variety of activities such as identifying the 5 statistical terms, reviewing
the definitions, hardcopy practice and two Excel examples.
The use of the job-aid will provide a reference for use during class as well as after class.
Using a job-aid will also eliminate any anxiety with learners; in addition the course is not graded
or used for any type of performance evaluation. Learners work will be evaluated, however its
used only to ensure correct calculations; again, this should not invoke anxiety since they are not
being scored or used for performance evaluation. Learners will have the opportunity to observe
the instructor perform the calculations by projecting their Excel workbook on to a big screen to
be observed by everyone.
The use of examples and exercises will provide learners the opportunity to receive
feedback throughout class. There are no rewards for this course and only one goal learn how
to calculate the 5 statistics. The motivation for this course is intrinsic in nature; learners want to
do well in the HACP, and to do well they need this course. Completing all four courses will
earn the certificate which could improve their performance evaluation and lead to extrinsic
motivation which is a pay increase.
Evaluation
The opportunity was not available to test Calculate 5 Common Statistical Terms with
V.H.A. employees, therefore test 3 adult users were selected who currently use computers,
Excel, and might have a need for using minimum, maximum, range, mead, and median. A
Final Project 19
classroom was not available, however each user did have their own computer. Each participant
received a copy of the job-aid and the class was led by the instructional designer. Users did not
complete the last exercise which was to use an existing data set of their own.

Question User 1 User 2 User 3
Review the 10 terms
below. Based on
your existing
knowledge of math
and statistics, identify
the 5 most common
statistical terms.
1. Range
2. Mean
3. Maximum
4. Minimum
5. Median
1. Z-test
2. Maximum
3. Minimum
4. Median
5. Mean
1. Range
2. Mean
3. Maximum
4. Minimum
5. Median
Using the data set
below, write the
correct data next to
the term.
Min: 13
Max:56
Range: 43
Mean: 32.4
Median: 30
Min: 13
Max:56
Range: -43
Mean: 32.4
Median: 30
Min: 13
Max:56
Range: 43
Mean:
Median:

Evaluation: Motivation Questionnaire
Learners were given the following questionnaire after completing the course (except for
the last exercise of using their own data set). The evaluation used Kellers ARCS model as a
basis for development. At the end of the questionnaire, learners were able to provide optional
comments about any aspect of the course. The results of the questionnaire are not completely
accurate since the learners who tested the materials are not employees of the V.H.A. and do not
have ability to enroll in the HACP.





Final Project 20


This questionnaire will provide feedback on the effectiveness of the materials for the course Calculate 5
Common Statistical Terms. Please rate each question using the following scale: 1=poor 2=somewhat poor
3=neutral 4=somewhat good 5=good. At the end of the questionnaire is an area for comments or explanation of
any answer.
Question Learner 1 Learner 2 Learner 3
Attention: How well did the instructional activities hold
your interest?
1. Identifying the 5 statistical terms
2. Calculating the 5 terms using the provided data set on
hardcopy
3. Watching the instructor demonstrate how to calculate
in Excel
4. Using the existing data set to calculate in Excel
5. Using my own data set to calculate in Excel



5
4

N/A

5
N/A


5
5

N/A

5
N/A


5
4

N/A

5
N/A
Relevance: To what degree do you think the course
activities were relevant to your job?
1. Defining the 5 statistical terms
2. Calculating the 5 statistical terms in Excel


5
3


5
2


5
5
Confidence: To what degree do you have confidence in
your ability to calculate the 5 statistical terms?
1. Min
2. Max
3. Range
4. Mean
5. Median


5
5
5
5
5


3
3
3
3
3


5
5
5
5
5
Clarity: To what degree of clarify do you have in the
clarity of material?
1. Identifying the 5 statistical terms
2. Definitions of each term
3. Instructions for calculating in Excel


5
5
5


5
5
5


5
5
5
Comments:












Final Project 21
Addendum 1