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MTAP ( Read & Understand) 1

Problem 1:
Today, Betty added her age and her sisters age and obtained 10 as the sum. What would the
sum of their ages be after one year?
Solution:
After a year, both of them will be 1 year older. Thus the sum of their ages must be 2 years
more. That is 12 years.
Problem 2:
A dragon has three heads. Every time a hero cuts off one head, tree new heads emerge. The
hero cuts one head off, and then cuts off one more head. How many heads does the dragon
have now?
Solution:
On the first cut, the Dragon has 5 heads. On the second cut, the dragon will have 7 heads.
Problem 3:
In one kangaroo family, there is a custom to name their babies by names, which consist of
two letters of the word KANGAROO such that the first letter is a consonant and the second
letter is a vowel. How many different baby names can be composed?
Solution:
The first letter must be either K,N,G,R. The next letter must either be A or O. Thus there are
42=8 ways to name a baby Kangaroo.
Problem 4:
Laura, Iggy, Val and Kate want to be in one photo together. Kate and Laura are best friends
and they want to stand next to each other. Iggy wants to stand next to Laura because he likes
her. In how many possible ways can they arrange for the photo?
Solution:
Let Laura = L, Iggy=I, Val=V, Kate =K
Given the conditions above, Kate is always between Laura and Iggy.
LKIV,IKLV,VLKI,VIKL. 4 possible arrangements.

Problem 5:
Sophie draws butterflies: a blue one, then a green, then a red, then a black, then a yellow, a
blue, a green, a red, a black, and so on. What color is the 17
th
butterfly?
Solution:
Observe that there is a pattern in Blue,green,red,black,yellow. The color of Butterflies
repeats every 5 draws. Following the pattern. 17=53+2. Thus the color must be the same as
the second draw. The answer is Green.
Problem 6:
Tomas found an old book in the attic. When he opened it, there was page 24 on the left side,
and page 55 in the right. How many sheets of paper are missing between these two pages?
Solution:
Every page has two page numbers. Front and back. The missing pages are 54-25+1=30. We
need to divide that by 2 to get the number of pages. Hence the answer is 15 pages.
Problem 7:
Lea owns 1 white, 2 black and 3 brown pigs. If all of these pigs could talk, how many of
them could truthfully say I am the same color as one or more of the other pigs?
Solution:
The pigs that can only say it are those pigs who has more than 1 colors. Black and Brown
Pigs has more than one color. Thus the answer is 5 Pigs.
Problem 8:
What is the tens digit of the largest four-digit even number which uses each of the digits
5,7,8, and 9 exactly once?
Solution:
Before we can answer the question we need to know first the largest 4-digit even number
that can be formed using the given digits. Since there is only 1 even digit 8. The ones digit
must be 8. To maximize the number, the first digit must be 9,followed by 7 and 5. Thus the
largest number here is 9758. 5is the tens digit.

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