LABORATOTIO N2

I. RESOLVER POR SUSTITUCIN Y LUEGO SEPARANDO VALORE LAS SIGUIENTES

ECUACIONES:
1) Y

= sen
2
(x-y+1) 2) 2(x
2
y+

Z=x-y+1

= 2xy+

x
2

= sen
2
z

(z+

)
- sen
2
z -2z-

= x

-2z
-

=0

=0
-sec
2
zdz=0 ln(x
2
(z+

))=lnc
2

x-tgz=c x
2
(x
2
y+

)= c
2

x-tg(x-y+1)=c
3) y

dx+(y
2
-2x

)dy=0 4) (x
2
y
2
+1)dx+2x
2
dy=0
z=

y
2
=

z=xy

=y+

-z
2z(

)=

dx(z
2
-2z+1)=-2xdz

+2

dz=0 ln(x)-

=c
Y=c

x=c

5) (x
2
y
2
+y+x-2)dx+(x
3
y
2
+x)dy=0
Z= x
2
y
2
+1 xy=

)
Yz+x-2=

)
-2xy(x-2)=

(x-2) dx+

=0
x
2
-4x+2xy=c
II) RESOLVER LAS SIGUIENTES ECUACIONES HOMOGENEAS
1) Ydx=(x+

)dy
Y=vx
dy= vdx+xdv
vxdx=x(1+

) (vdx+xdv)
0=v

dx+ x(1+

)dv
0=

t
2
=v
2
-1 c=lnx+lnv

=dv y=c

2) X
2
y=3(x
2
+y
2
)arctg(y/x)+xy 3) *

+dx+x

dy=0
Y=vx Y=vx dy= vdx+xdv
dy= vdx+xdv [

]dx+x

(vdx+xdv)=0
x
2
dy=(3(x
2
+y
2
)arctg(y/x)+xy)dx (1+

)dx+x

dv=0
vdx+xdv=3(1+v
2
)arctgvdx+vdx lnx+ln(1+

)=lnc
lnc=lnx-1/3ln(arctg(y/x)) x(1+

)=c
c=xarctg
-1/3
y/x

4)

5) (x
3
+y
2

)dx+x

dy=0
Y=vx dy= vdx+xdv Y=vx dy= vdx+xdv

x
3
(1+ v
2

)dx- x
3

(vdx+xdv)=0

(V-1)dx+x(v
2
-v+1)dv =0

dv=0
Lnx+

=c lnx
2
- ln(v+

=c+ v

(y-x)=c

=c

III) RESOLVER LAS SIGUIENTES ECUACIONES REDUCTIBLES A HOMOGENEAS
1)

==

W=y-1 w=vx

=0
dw=dy dw=vdx+xdv lnx-1/2ln(

-arctgv=c

+c=arctg

2) (x+y-4)dx-(3x-y-4)dy=0 3) x
2
(1-xy)

+ (1+xy-x
2
y
2
)=0
x+y-4=0 p
o
(2,2) z=xy dz=xdy+ydx
-3x+y+4=0 x=z+2 dx=dz

-dy)=

Y=w+2 dy=dw x(1-z) (

-dy)+(1+z-z
2
)=0
(z+w)dz-(3z-w)dw=0 (1-z)dz+

=0
W=vz dw=vdz+zdv lnx-

(z-1)
2
=c
(1+v)dz-(3-v)( vdz+zdv)=0 2lnx+2xy-x
2
y
2
=c

=0
Lnz+ 1/2ln(v-1)
2
+

=c
y-x=c

4)

5) (3tgx-2cosy)sec
2
xdx+ (tgxseny)dy=0
dy=y 2y
4
+3x
6
+x
3
y
2
=0 u=tg
2
xcosy
dx = x y=vx
n
n=3/2 du=2tgxsec
2
xcosydx-senytg
2
xdy
y=v

+ senytgxdy=2sec
2
xcosydx
dy=

vdx+

dv 3 tg
2
xsec
2
dx-du=0

- =

=o tg
3
x-tg
2
xcosy=c
C=arctg

ln(x
3
y
4
+x
6
)


IV) RESOLVER LAS ECUACIONES EXACTAS CORRESPONDIENTES
1) (2X+

)dx=

dy
(2X+

)dx-

dy=0 u=

dy + f(x)

u=

+ f(x)

+ f(x) = 2X+

f(x)= x
2
+c x
2
-y
2
+x
3
y=cxy
2)

(dy+2xydx)=3x
2
dx
(2xy

-3x
2
)dx +

dy=0 u=

dy + f(x)

=2x

u=y

+ f(x)

=2x

= 2xy

+ f(x) = 2xy

-3x
2

-3

f(x)= -x
3
+c y

-x
3
=c

3) dx =

u=

+ f(x)
(

-1)dx+

u=1/2ln

+f(x)

+ f(x) =

-1
=

f(x)= -x+c
=

=c

4) (

+ lny)dx+(

+ lnx)dy=0

u=

+ f(x)

u=xlny+ylnx+f(x)

= lny+

+ f(x)= lny+

f(x)=c xlny+ylnx=c

5) (y

+xy

- 2x

+ xy

u=

+ f(x)
u=

-3y+f(x)

=y

+f(x)=y

f(x)= x
2
+c

-3y+x
2
=c


V)APLICANDO ALGUN FACTOR INTEGRANTE RESOLVER:
1)

(x+1)dx+(

y-x

)dy=0

(x+1)dx + (y-x

)dy=0

=0

=-

-x

=-(x+1)

=-(x+1)

)=f(y) u=

+ f(x)
-

=f(y)
F(y)=-1

+x

+f(x)=

(x+1)
v=

V=

f(x)=c
1/2y
2
+xe
x-y
=c
2) (x
4
lnx-2xy
3
)dx+3x
2
y
2
dy=0

=-6xy
2

)=f(x) v=

=6xy
2

(-12xy
2
)=f(x) v=x
-4

=f(x)
(lnx-2

y
3
)dx+3x
-2
y
2
dy=0

=-6x
-3
y
2

=-6x
-3
y
2

u=

+ f(x)
u=

+ f(x)

+ f(x)= lnx-2

y
3


f(x)= xlnx-x
x
3
lnx- x
3
+y
3
=cx
2

3) (3x
2
y+2xy+y
3
)dx+(x
2
+y
2
)dy=0
4) (1+xy)dx+ x(

+x)dy=0

=x

+2x

)=f(x)

- x)=f(x)

=f(x)
v=

v=x
-1

(x
-1
+y)dx+(

+x)dy=0

=1 u=

+ f(x)
U=lny+xy+f(x)

= x
-1
+y

lny+xy+lnx=c
f(x)=lnx+c xy

5) (

-2

senx)dx+

dy=0
VI) RESOLVER LAS ECUACIONES LINEALES
1)

+y) =1+2x

v=

P=

Q=

v=x
1/2

y x
1/2
=

y x
1/2
=

+c
y=

2) (y-x+xyctgx)dx+xdy=0

-1+yctgx)dx+dy=0 v=

v=xsenx

+y(

+ctgx)=1 xysenx=
P=

+ctgx Q=1 xysenx=-xcosx+senx+c

(xy-1)senx+xcosx=c
3) (y
2
-1)dx=y(x+y)dy

v=

v=(

)
-1/2

y tg =

1 sec=y
sectgd=dy

+
=-csc
=

(ln(y+

)+c)-y
4)

=dx

-y(x+1)= (x+2)
2

P=-(x+1) Q=(x+2)
2
v=

v=

Y(

)
Y=

+
Y=-(x+3)+c

5) (1+senx)

+ (2cosx)y=tgx

y=

P=

Q=

v=

v= (

y(

y(1+senx)
2
= +

y=

VII) RESOLVER LAS ECUACIONES DE BERNOULLI:
1)

+u(

)=

x=

v=

v=tgy

)=

tgy=

u= -

tgy=

(ln(tgy)+c)

2) (xy
2
+xsen
2
x-sen2x)dx-2ydy=0
y

xy
2
=

u=y
2

=y

reemplazando:

v=

v=

y
2

(xsen
2
x-sen2x)dx
y
2
=

]
y
2
=-sen
2
x+c

3) Ye
y
=(y
3
+2xe
y
)y

v=

v=y
-2

x y
-2
=

x= y
2
(c-e
-y
)

4)

-uctgx=-secx

+y

v=

v=cscx
y
-2

+ y
-1

y
-1
cscx =-

u=y
-1
(csenx-senxln(tgx))
-1
=y

=y
-2

5) 3y+

3y
2

y
3
=

U=y
3

1/3

=y
2

u=

v=

v=

Y
3

y
3
=

y
3
=x
2
+

VIII) RESOLVER LAS ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES DE RICATTI:
1)

=Y
2
-

+1-

una solucion es (X)=

+ tgx
Y= (X)+z

+sec
2
x+

Reemplazando:

+sec
2
x+

=(

+tgx+z)
2
-

+tgx+z)+1-

-2ztgx=z
2
u= z
-1

=z
-2

z
-2

-2z
-1
tgx=1

+2utgx=-1
v=

v=sec
2
x

+tgx=c

2) X
3
y=x
2
y+y
2
-x
2
una solucin es (X)= x
Y= (X)+z

=1+

X
3
(1+

(x+z)+(x+z)
2
-x
2

z
-2

u=z
-1

= z
-2

+u

v=

v=

=-

dx

3) X(x-1)

(2x+1)y+y
2
+2x=0 (X)=x Y= (X)+z

= 1+

(x
2
-x)( 1+

)- (2x+1)(x+z)+( x+z)
2
+2x=0

=0

=
(

) (

)

4) Y xy
2
+(2x-1)y=x-1 (X)=x
Y= (X)+z

-x(z+1)
2
+(2x-1)(z+1)=x-1
z
-2

- z
-1
=x
u=z
-1

=z
-2

+u=-x v=

V=e
x

=-

Por partes:

=-x

Y=1+

5) Y+xy
2
-2x
2
y+x
3
=x+1 (X)=x-1
Y= (X)+z

=1+

1+

+ x((x-1)+z)
2
-2x
2
(x-1+z)+x
3
=x+1

-2xz=-xz
2

z
-2

-2xz
-1
=-x
u=z
-1

-

=z
-2

+2xu=x
v=

v=

Y=x-1+

IX) RESOLVER LAS SIGUIENTES ECUACIONES DE LAGRANGE Y CLAIROTS:
1) Y= 2xy- 2y + 1
Y= p y=2px-2p+1
dy=pdx dy=2xdp+2pdx-2dp
pdx=2xdp+2pdx-2dp

v=

v=p
2

x p
2
=

x=1+cp
-2
p
-2
=c(x-1)


reemplazando:
y=2(1+cp
-2
)p-2p+1
(y-1)
2
=c(x-1)
2) y=(x+1)y
2

y=p v=

v=
dy=pdp p =

y=(x+1)p
2
p = + c
dy=dxp
2
+2pdp(x+1) x=

pdx= dxp
2
+2pdp(x+1) y=(x+1)p
2

3) y= xy+

y=p dy=pdx
y=xp+

dy=xdp+pdx-

dp(x-

)=0
x=

=
p=c x=

y=xc+

4) y=xy+

y=p dy=pdx
y=px+

dy=xdp+pdx-

dp(x-

=0
x=

= p=c
x=

y=xc+

5) xy-y= lny
y=p xp-y=lnp
dy=pdx xdp+pdx-dy=

dp(x-

)=0
x=

= p=c
x=

y=xc-lnc