Apostila de Trelic3a7as 2 PDF

1
TRELIAS
So estruturas formadas por barras, ligadas entre si atravs de ns.
Consideramos para efeito de clculo os esforos aplicados nos ns.
Existem alguns tipos de calculo para determinao dos esforos nas
barras, como o Mtodo dos Ns, Mtodo Ritter ou Mtodos das sees.
Nesta apostila, sero resolvidos apenas exerccios de trelias pelo
Mtodo dos Ns.
Para determinar os esforos internos nas barras das trelias plana,
devemos verificar a condio de Isosttica da Trelia, sendo o primeiro
passo.
Depois calculamos as reaes de apoio e os esforos normais axiais nos
ns. Tais esforos sero denominados de N.
1 Condio de Trelia Isosttica:
2 . n = b + Sendo

2 Calcular as Reaes de Apoio (Vertical e Horizontal):
Fx = 0
Fy = 0
M = 0 (Momento fletor)
Por conveno usaremos: no sentido horrio no sentido anti-
horrio
+ -
3 Mtodos dos Ns
Quando calculamos os esforos, admitimos que as foras saem dos ns
e nos prximos ns usamos os resultados das foras do n anterior
fazendo a troca de sinais.
Importante lembrar que somente o jogo de sinais devero ser feitos na
equao dos ns, pois as foras das reaes horizontais e verticais
devem ser inseridos na equao considerando-se exclusivamente os
sinais que possuem, ou seja, no fazer jogo de sinais para tais reaes.
Calma, nos exercicios ver que fcil.
n = n de ns
b = quantidade de barras
= n de reaes (Verticais e
2
Por Conveno os sinais das foras das barras so: +
TRAO
- COMPRESSO
Trelia Esquemtica

3

Exerccios
1) Calcule as reaes de apoio e as foras normais nas barras atravs
do Mtodo dos Ns.

1 Passo Condio de Isosttica
2.n = b+
2.6 = 9+3
12 = 12 OK
2 Passo Reaes de Apoio
Fx = 0 Fy = 0 M = 0 (Momento fletor)
HE = 0 VA+VE = 50+100+50 VA.4-50.4-100.2 = 0
VA+VE = 200 KN VA = 4004
100+VE = 200 KN VA = 100 KN
VE = 200-100
VE = 100 KN
3 Passo Mtodo dos Ns
Decomposio das foras
N A Foras Verticais (V) Foras Verticais (H)

NAB
VA
NAF
NAB
VA
NAF
4

FV = 0 FH = 0
VA+NAB = 0 NAF = 0
100+NAB = 0
NAB = -100 KN

N B Foras Verticais (V) Foras Verticais (H)

FV = 0 FH = 0
-50-NBA-NBF.cos45 = 0 NBC+NBF.sen45 = 0
-50-(-100)-NBF.cos45 = 0 NBC+70,7.sen45 = 0
-NBF = -50cos45 NBC = - 50 KN
NBF = 70,7 KN
N C Foras Verticais (V) Foras Verticais (H)

FV = 0 FH = 0
-100-NCF = 0 -NCB+NCD = 0
NCF = -100 KN -(-50)+NCD = 0
NCD = - 50 KN
N F Foras Verticais (V)
Foras Verticais (H)

FV = 0 FH = 0
NFC+NFB.sen45+NFD.sen45 = 0 -NFB.cos45+NFD.cos45-
NFA+NFE = 0
-100+70,7.sen45+NFD.sen45 = 0 -70,7.cos45+70,7.cos45-0+NFE
= 0
NFD = 50sen45 NFE = 0 KN
50
NBA
NBC
NBF
NBF
NBA NBF
50
NBC
10
NCF
NC
NC NCB
NCF
10
NCB
NFD
NFE
NFE NFA
NFA
NFC
NFB
NFB NFC NFD
NFB NFD
5
NDF
NFD = 70,7 KN

N E Foras Verticais (V) Foras Verticais (H)

FV = 0 FH = 0
NED+100 = 0 0-HE = 0
NED = -100 KN HE = 0 KN
N D Foras Verticais (V) Foras Verticais (H)

FV = 0 FH = 0
-50-NDF.sen45-NDE = 0 -NDC-NDF.cos45 = 0
-50-70,7.sen45+100 = 0 -(-50)-70,7.cos45 = 0
-50-50+100 = 0 50-50 = 0
0 = 0 0 = 0
BARRA
FORAS NORMAIS
AXIAIS (KN)
ESFORO
NAB -100 COMPRESSO
NED -100 COMPRESSO
NAF 0 -
NEF 0 -
NBC -50 COMPRESSO
NDC -50 COMPRESSO
NBF 70,7 TRAO
NDF 70,7 TRAO
VE
HE
HE NEF
VE
NEF
NED
NED
ND
50
50
ND
ND
NDE
NDE
ND
6
NCF -100 COMPRESSO

do Mtodo dos Ns.

2.n = b+
2.5 = 7+3
10 = 10 OK
HA+HB = 40 VB = 20 KN -HA.2+20.4+40.1 = 0
60+HB = 40 -HA.2+120 = 0
HB = 40-60 HA = 1202
HB = -20 KN HA = 60 KN

7

FV = 0 FH = 0
VB-NBA-NBC.sen26,57 = 0 -HB+NBC.cos26,57
= 0
20-NBA-22,36.sen26,57 = 0 -20+NBC.cos26,57 =
0
NBA = 10 KN NBC = 20cos26,57
NBC = 22,36 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
NAB+NAC.sen26,57 = 0
HA+NAC.cos26,57+NAE = 0
10+NAC.sen26,57 = 0 60+(-
22,36).cos26,57+NAE = 0
NAC = -10sen26,57 NAE+60-20 = 0
NAC = -22,36 KN NAE = -40 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
NEC = 0 -NEA+NED =
0
-(-40)+NED = 0
NED = -40 KN

VB
NBA
NBC
NBA
NBC HB
VB
NBC
HB
NAB
NA
NAE
HA
NAB
NA
HA
NAE
NA
NEC
NEA
NEC
NED NEA
NED
NCB
NC
NC
40
NC
40
NCB
NC
NCB
8

FV = 0 FH = 0
NCB.sen26,57-NCA.sen26,57-NCE-NCD.sen26,57=0 -40-NCB.cos26,57-
NCA.cos26,57+NCD.cos26,57 = 0
22,36.sen26,57-(-22,36).sen26,57-0-NCD.sen26,57=0 -40-22,36.cos26,57-(-
22,36).cos26,57+44,7.cos26,57=0
10+10-NCD.sen26,57=0 -40-
20+20+40 = 0
NCD = 20sen26,57 0 = 0
NCD = 44,7 KN


FV = 0 FH = 0
-20+NDC.sen26,57 = 0 -NDC.cos26,57-NDE = 0
-20+44,7.sen26,57 = 0 -44,7.cos26,57-(-40) =
0
-20+20 = 0 -40+40 = 0
0 = 0 0 = 0

BARRA
FORAS NORMAIS
AXIAIS (KN)
ESFORO
NAB 10 TRAO
NBC 22,36 TRAO
NAC -22,36 COMPRESSO
NAE -40 COMPRESSO
NEC 0 -
NED -40 COMPRESSO
NCD 44,7 TRAO

NCE
NC NCE
NC
20
NDE
ND
ND
ND
NDE
20
9

do Mtodo dos Ns.

2.n = b+
2.8 = 13+3
16 = 16 OK
10
HA = 0 VA+VB = 2+2+2 -VB.16+2.12+2.8+2.4=0
VA = 6-3 VB = 4816
VA = 3 t VB = 3 t
N 1 Foras Verticais (V) Foras Verticais (H)

FV = 0 FH = 0
N13.sen36,87+VA = 0 HA+N13.cos36,87+N12 = 0
N13.sen36,87+3 = 0 0+(-
5).cos36,87+N12 = 0
N13 = -3sen36,87 N12 = 4 t
N13 = -5 t


FV = 0 FH = 0
N23 = 0 -N21+N24 = 0
-4+N24 = 0
N24 = 4 t

FV = 0 FH = 0
-2-N34.sen36,87-N32-N31.sen36,87+N35.sen36,87 = 0 +N34.cos36,87-
N31.cos36,87+N35.cos36,87 = 0
N13
VA
N12
VA
N12
HA
N13
HA
N13
N23
N24
N21
N23
N21 N24
N32
N34
N34
N31
N35
N31
N35
2
N35
2
N31 N32 N34
11
-2- N34.sen36,87-0-(-5).sen36,87+N35.sen36,87 = 0 +N34.cos36,87-(-
5).cos36,87+N35.cos36,87 = 0
-N34.sen36,87+N35.sen36,87-2+3 = 0 +N34.cos36,87+N35.cos36,87+4
= 0
(-N34+N35).sen36,87 = -1 (+N34+N35).cos36,87 = -4
N34-N35 = 1sen36,87 N34+N35 = -4cos36,87
N34-N35 = 1,67 1 N34+N35 = -5
2

Sistema de Equaes Substituindo na equao
1 ou 2
1 N34-N35 = 1,67 N34+N35 = -5
2 N34+N35 = -5 -1,67+N35 = -5
2N34 = -3,33 N35 = -5+1,67
N34 = -3,332 N35 = -3,33 t
N34 = -1,67 t


FV = 0 FH = 0
-2-N53.sen36,87-N57.sen36,87-N54 = 0 -
N53.cos36,87+N57.cos36,87 = 0
-2- (-3,33).sen36,87-(-3,33).sen36,87-N54 = 0 -(-
3,33).cos36,87+N57.cos36,87 = 0
-2+2+2-N54 = 0 2,66+N57.cos36,87
= 0
+
N54
N57 N53
N53
N57
2
2
N53 N54 N57
12
N54 = 2 t N57 = -
2,66cos36,87
N57 = -3,33 t

FV = 0 FH = 0
N43.sen36,87+N45+N47.sen36,87 = 0 -N42+N46-
N43.cos36,87+N47.cos36,87 = 0
+(-1,67).sen36,87+2+N47.sen36,87 = 0 -(+4)+N46-(-1,67).cos36,87+(-
1,67).cos36,87 = 0
-1+2+N47.sen36,87 = 0 N46-4+1,34-1,34 = 0
N47 = -1sen36,87 N46 = 4 t
N47 = 1,67 t

Por simetria dos carregamentos e das caractersticas das barras (dimenses,
ngulos), as barras dos ns 7, 6 e 8 so iguais as dos ns 1, 2 e 3, conforme
tabela.

BARRA
FORAS NORMAIS
AXIAIS (t)
ESFORO
N13 = N87 -5 COMPRESSO
N12 = N86 4 TRAO
N47
N46
N42
N45
N43
N43 N45 N47
N42
N43
N46
N47
13
N24 = N64 4 TRAO
N23 = N67 0 -
N34 = N74 -1,67 COMPRESSO
N35 = N75 -3,33 COMPRESSO
N54 2 TRAO

do Mtodo dos Ns.
14

2.n = b+
2.7 = 11+3
14 = 14 OK
HA+HB =0 VB = 0 -HA.3+2.6+2.4+2.2=0
HA = -HB HA = 243
HB = -8 t HA = 8 t


FV = 0 FH = 0
VB-N51-N56.sen26,57 = 0 -HB+N56.cos26,57
= 0
6-N51-8,94.sen26,57 = 0 -8+N56.cos26,57 =
0
-N51+6-4 = 0 N56 =
8cos26,57
N51 = 2 t N56 = 8,94 t
VB
N56
HB
VB
HB
N56
N51 N51 N56
15


FV = 0 FH = 0
N15+N16.sen45 = 0
HA+N12+N16.cos45 = 0
2+N16.sen45 = 0 8+N12+(-
2,83).cos45 = 0
N16 = -2sen45 N12+8-2 = 0
N16 = -2,83 t N12 = - 6 t

FV = 0 FH = 0
-2+N65.sen26,57-N61.sen45-N62-N67.sen26,57=0 -N65.cos26,57-
N61.cos45+N67.cos26,57=0
-2+8,94.sen26,57-(-2,83).sen45-N62-6,7.sen26,57=0 -8,94.cos26,57-(-
2,83).cos45+N67.cos26,57=0
-2+4+2-3-N62 = 0 -8+2+N67.cos26,57 = 0
N62 = 1 t N67 =
6cos26,57
N67 = 6,7 t

FV = 0 FH = 0
N26+N27.sen26,57 = 0 -N21+N23+N27.cos26,57 =
0
1+N27.sen26,57 = 0 -(-6)+N23+(-
2,23).cos26,57 = 0
N15
N16
HA HA
N12
N15 N16
N16
N12
N62
N67 N61
N65
N67
2
2
N61 N62 N67
N65
N65
N61
N26
N27
N21 N21
N23
N26 N27
N27
N23
16
N27 = -1sen26,57 N23+6-2 = 0
N27 = -2,23 t N23 = -4 t


FV = 0 FH = 0
N37 = 0 -N32+N34 = 0
-(-4)+N34 = 0
N34 = -4 t

FV = 0 FH = 0
-2+N76.sen26,57-N72.sen26,57-N73-N74.sen26,57=0 -N76.cos26,57-
N72.cos26,57+N74.cos26,57=0
-2+6,7.sen26,57-(-2,23).sen26,57-0-N74.sen26,57=0 -6,7.cos26,57-(-
2,23).cos26,57+4,47.cos26,57=0
-2+3+1-N74.sen26,57 = 0 -6+2+4 = 0
N74 = 2sen26,57 0 = 0
N74 = 4,47 t

FV = 0 FH = 0
N37
N32 N32
N34
N37
N34
N73
N74 N72
N76
N74
2
2
N72 N73 N74
N76
N76
N72
N43
N47
2
2
N47
N47
N43
17
-2+N47.sen26,57 = 0 -N43-N47.cos26,57 =
0
-2+4,47.sen26,57 = 0 -(-4)-4,47.cos26,57 = 0
-2+2 = 0 +4-4 = 0
0 = 0 0 = 0

BARRA
FORAS NORMAIS
AXIAIS (t)
ESFORO
N51 2 TRAO
N56 8,94 TRAO
N16 -2,83 COMPRESSO
N12 -6 COMPRESSO
N62 1 TRAO
N67 6,7 TRAO
N27 -2,23 COMPRESSO
N23 -4 COMPRESSO
N37 0 -
N34 -4 COMPRESSO
N74 4,47 TRAO

18

do Mtodo dos Ns.

2.n = b+
2.5 = 7+3
10 = 10 OK
Fx = 0 Fy = 0 M = 0 (Momento
fletor)
HA = 0 VA+VB = 10+20 -
VB.2,4+20.1,8+10.0,6=0
VA+17,5 = 30 VB = 422,4
VA = 30-17,5 VB = 17,5 KN
VA = 12,5 KN
19


FV = 0 FH = 0
VA+NAC.sen53,13 = 0
HA+NAE+NAC.cos53,13 = 0
12,5+NAC.sen53,13 = 0 0+NAE+(-
15,63).cos53,13 = 0
NAC = -12,5sen53,13 NAE = 9,38 KN
NAC = -15,63 KN


FV = 0 FH = 0
-10-NCA.sen53,13-NCE.sen53,13=0 -
NCA.cos53,13+NCD+NCE.cos53,13=0
-10-(-15,63).sen53,13-NCE.sen53,13=0 -(-
15,63).cos53,13+NCD+3,13.cos53,13=0
-10+12,50-NCE.sen53,13 = 0 9,38+NCD+1,88
= 0
NCE = 2,5sen53,13 NCD = -11,26
KN
NCE = 3,13 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
NEC.sen53,13+NED.sen53,13 = 0 -NEA+NEB+NED.cos53,13-
NEC.cos53,13 = 0
VA
NA
HA HA
NAE
NA
NA
NAE
VA
NCE
NC
NC
10
10
NC NCE
NC NC
NCE
NED
NEB
NEA
NEC
NEA
NEC
NEB
NED
NEC NED
20
3,13.sen53,13+NED.sen53,13 = 0 -9,38+NEB+(-3,13).cos53,13-
(+3,13).cos53,13 = 0
NED = -2,5sen53,13 NEB-9,38-1,88-1,88 =
0
NED = -3,13 KN NEB = 13,14 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
-20-NDE.sen53,13-NDB.sen53,13=0 -NDE.cos53,13-
NDC+NDB.cos53,13=0
-20-(-3,13).sen53,13-NDB.sen53,13=0 -(-3,13).cos53,13-(-11,26)+(-
21,88).cos53,13=0
-20+2,50-NDB.sen53,13 = 0 1,88+12,26-13,13
= 0
NDB = -17,50sen53,13 0 = 0
NDB = -21,88 KN


FV = 0 FH = 0
VB+NBD.sen53,13 = 0 -NBD.cos53,13-NBE = 0
17,5+(-21,88).sen53,13 = 0 -(-21,88).cos53,13-
13,14 = 0
0 = 0 0 = 0
BARRA
FORAS NORMAIS
AXIAIS (KN)
ESFORO
NDB
NDE
20
20
NDE NDB
ND
ND
NDB
NDE
VB
NBE
NBD
NBD
NBD
NBE
VB
21
NAC -15,63 COMPRESSO
NAE 9,38 TRAO
NCE 3,13 TRAO
NCD -11,26 COMPRESSO
NED -3,13 COMPRESSO
NEB 13,14 TRAO
NDB -21,88 COMPRESSO

do Mtodo dos Ns.

22
2.n = b+
2.5 = 7+3
10 = 10 OK
fletor)
HA+HB = 0 VA = 225 -HB.0,9+75.2,4+150.1,2 = 0
HB = -HA HB = 3600,9
HA = - 400 KN HB = 400 KN


FV = 0 FH = 0
NBA = 0 HB+NBD = 0
400+NBD = 0
NBD = -400 KN


FV = 0 FH = 0
VA-NAB-NAD.sen36,87 = 0 -
HA+NAC+NAD.cos36,87 = 0
225-0-NAD.sen36,87 = 0 -
400+NAC+375.cos36,87 = 0
NAB
NA
HA HA
NA
VA
NA
NA
NAB
NBA
HB HB
NBD
NBA
NBD
VA
NA
23
NAD = 225sen36,87 NAC = 100 KN
NAC = 375 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
NDA.sen36,87+NDC = 0 -NDA.cos36,87-NDB+NDE = 0
375.sen36,87+NDC = 0 -375.cos36,87-(-400)+NDE = 0
NDC = -225 KN -300+400+NDE = 0
NDE = -100 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
-150-NCD-NCE.sen36,87=0 -NCA+NCE.cos36,87=0
-150-(-225)-NCE.sen36,87=0 -100+125.cos36,87 = 0
-150+225-NCE.sen36,87 = 0 -
100+100 = 0
NCE = 75sen36,87 0 = 0
NCE = 125 KN


FV = 0 FH = 0
ND
NDE
NDB
ND
NDB
ND
NDE
ND ND
NCE
NC
15
15
NC NCE
NC
NC
NCE
NED
NEC
75
75
NEC
NEC
NED
24
-75+NEC.sen36,87 = 0 -NEC.cos36,87-NED = 0
-75+125.sen36,87 = 0 -125.cos36,87-(-100) = 0
-75+75 = 0 -100+100 = 0
0 = 0 0 = 0

BARRA
FORAS NORMAIS
AXIAIS (KN)
ESFORO
NBA 0 -
NBD -400 COMPRESSO
NAD 375 TRAO
NAC 100 TRAO
NDC -225 COMPRESSO
NDE -100 COMPRESSO
NCE 125 TRAO

do Mtodo dos Ns.
25

2.n = b+
2.8 = 13+3
16 = 16 OK
fletor)
HE = 0 VA+VE = 8 VA.4a-4.3a-4.1a = 0
4+VE = 8 VA.4a-12a-4a = 0
VE = 8-4 VA = 16a4a
VE = 4 KN VA = 4 KN


FV = 0 FH = 0
VA+NAB.sen30 = 0 NAB.cos30+NAF
= 0
4+NAB.sen30 = 0 +(-8)cos30+NAF
= 0
NAB = -4sen30 NAF = 6,9 KN
NAB = -8 KN
VA
NAB
NAF
NAB
NAB
NAF
VA
26

N F Foras Verticais (V) Foras Verticais (H)

FV = 0 FH = 0
NFB-4 = 0 -NFA+NFG = 0
NFB = 4 KN -6,9+NFG = 0
NFG = 6,9 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
NBC.sen30-NBA.sen30-NBF-NBG.sen30 = 0 -
NBA.cos30+NBC.cos30+NBG.cos30 = 0
NBC.sen30-(-8).sen30-4-NBG.sen30 = 0 -(-
8).cos30+NBC.cos30+NBG.cos30 = 0
NBC.sen30-NBG.sen30+4-4 = 0
6,9+NBC.cos30+NBG.cos30 = 0
NBC.sen30-NBG.sen30 = 0
NBC.cos30+NBG.cos30 = -6,9
(NBC-NBG).sen30 = 0
(NBC+NBG).cos30 = -6,9
NBC-NBG = 0sen30 NBC+NBG = -
6,9cos30
NBC-NBG = 0 1 NBC+NBG = -8
2

1 ou 2
4
NFA NFA
NFG
NFB
NFG
4
NFB
NBF
NB
NB
NBA
NBC
NBA
NBC
NBC
NBA NBF NB
27
1 NBC-NBG = 0 NBC-NBG = 0
2 NBC+NBG= -8 -4 - NBG = 0
2NBC = -8 NBG = -4 KN
NBC = -82
NBC = -4 KN


FV = 0 FH = 0
-NCB.sen30-NCD.sen30-NCG = 0 -
NCB.cos30+NCD.cos30 = 0
-(-4).sen30-(-4).sen30-NCG = 0 -(-4).cos30+NCD.cos30 =
0
2 + 2- NCG = 0 3,5+NCD.cos30
= 0
NCG = 4 KN NCD = -
3,5cos30
NCD = -4 KN
N G Foras Verticais (V) Foras Verticais (H)

FV = 0 FH = 0
NGB.sen30+NGC+NGD.sen30 = 0 -NGB.cos30+NGD.cos30-
NGF+NGH = 0
-4.sen30+4+NGD.sen30 = 0 -(-4).cos30+(-4).cos30-
6,9+NGH = 0
NGD = -2sen30 +3,5-3,5-
6,9+NGH = 0
NGD = -4 KN NGH = 6,9
KN

+
NC
NC
NCB
NCB
NC
NCB NC NC
NG
NG
NGF
NG
NG
NG NG NG
NGF
NG
NG
NG
28

ngulos), as barras dos ns H, D e E no precisam ser calculadas.
BARRA
FORAS NORMAIS
AXIAIS (KN)
ESFORO
NAB = NED -8 COMPRESSO
NAF = NEH 6,9 TRAO
NFG = NHG 6,9 TRAO
NFB = NHD 4 TRAO
NBC = NDC -4 COMPRESSO
NBG = NDG -4 COMPRESSO
NCG 4 TRAO

29

do Mtodo dos Ns.

2.n = b+
2.10 = 17+3
20 = 20 OK
fletor)
HJ = 0 VF+VJ = 2000 VF.4a-400.4a-400.3a-
400.2a-400.1a = 0
30
1000+VJ = 2000 VF = 4000a4a
VJ = 2000-1000 VF = 1000 N
VJ = 1000 N


FV = 0 FH = 0
-400-NAF = 0 NAB = 0
NAF = -400 N


FV = 0 FH = 0
NFB.sen45+NFA+VF = 0 NFB.cos45 +
NFG = 0
NFB.sen45+(-400)+1000 = 0 -
848,5.cos45+NFG = 0
NFB = -600sen45 NFG = 600 N
NFB = -848,5 N
N G Foras Verticais (V) Foras Verticais (H)

FV = 0 FH = 0
NGB = 0 -NGF+NGH = 0
-600+NGH = 0
NAF
40
NAB
40
NAB
NAF
NFA
NFB
NFG
NFA NFB
NFB
NFG
VF
VF
NG
NGF
NG NG
NGF NG
31
NGH = 600 N

FV = 0 FH = 0
-400-NBF.sen45-NBG-NBH.sen45=0 -NBA+NBC-NBF.cos45+NBH.cos45
= 0
-400-(-848,5).sen45-0-NBH.sen45=0 -0+NBC-(-
848,5).cos45+282,8.cos45=0
-400+600-NBH.sen45=0 NBC+600+200 =
0
NBH = 200sen45 NBC = -800 N
NBH = 282,8 N


FV = 0 FH = 0
-400-NCH=0 -NCB+NCD = 0
NCH = -400 N -(-800)+NCD=0
NCD = -800 N
ngulos), as barras dos ns H, D, I, E e J no precisam ser calculadas.
BARRA
FORAS NORMAIS
AXIAIS (N)
ESFORO
NAB = NED 0 -
NBA
NBH
NBF
NBC
NBF
NBC
40
NB
NBH
NBF NB
NBH
NBA
40
NCB
NC
NCB
NC
40
NC
NB
40
32
NAF = NEJ -400 COMPRESSO
NFB = NJD -848,5 COMPRESSO
NFG = NJI 600 TRAO
NGB = NID 0 -
NGH = NIH 600 TRAO
NBH = NDH 282,8 TRAO
NBC = NDC -800 COMPRESSO
NCH -400 COMPRESSO

do Mtodo dos Ns.
33

2.n = b+
2.6 = 8+4
12 = 12 OK
fletor)
HE = 18 KN VE+VF = 0 VE.3,6-9.5,4-9.2,7 =
0
HF = 0 VE = -VF VE.3,6-48,6-24,3 = 0
VF = -20,25 KN VE = 72,93,6
VE = 20,25 KN

Por se tratarem de foras de reao horizontal e estarem na mesma linha de
ao, bem como as foras externas de 9 KN serem aplicadas no segmento
AE, a reao horizontal HE sofre sozinha a ao dos 18 KN enquanto a HF no
solicitada.
Os clculos mostraro essa teoria.
34


FV = 0 FH = 0
NAC = 0 -9+NAB = 0
NAB = 9 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
-NBD-NBC.sen36,87=0 -NBA-NBC = 0
-NBD-(-11,25).sen36,87=0 -NBA-NBC.cos36,87=0
-NBD+6,75=0 -9-NBC.cos36,87
= 0
NBD = 6,75 KN NBC = -9cos36,87
NBC = -11,25 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
NCA-NCE+NCB.sen36,87 = 0 -
9+NCB.cos36,87+NCD = 0
0-NCE+(-11,25).sen36,87 = 0 -9+(-
11,25).cos36,87+NCD = 0
NCE = -6,75 KN -9-9+NCD =
0
NCD = 18 KN

NA
9
NAB
NAB
NA
9
NBA
NBC
NBC
NBD
NBC NBD
NBA
NC
NCB
NC
NC NCB
NCB
NC
NCE
NCE
9
9
35


FV = 0 FH = 0
NDB-NDE.sen36,87-NDF=0 -NDE.cos36,87-NDC = 0
6,75-(-22,5).sen36,87-NDF=0 -NDE.cos36,87-18 =0
6,75+13,5-NDF=0 NDE = -18cos36,87
NDF = 20,25 KN NDE = -22,5 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
VE+NEC+NED.sen36,87 = 0 HE+NED.cos36,87 = 0
20,25+(-6,75)+(-22,5).sen36,87 = 0 HE+(-
22,5).cos36,87 = 0
20,25-6,75-13,5 = 0 HE = 18 KN Ok
0 = 0


FV = 0 FH = 0
NFD-VF = 0 -HF = 0
20,25-20,25 = 0 HF = 0 Ok
ND
NDE
NDE
NDB
NDF
NDE NDF
ND
NDB
NEC
NED
NEC NED
NED
VE
VE
HE H
HE confirmada
NFD NFD
HF
VF
VF
HF
36
0 = 0

BARRA
FORAS NORMAIS
AXIAIS (KN)
ESFORO
NAB 9 TRAO
NAC 0 -
NCE -6,75 COMPRESSO
NCD 18 TRAO
NBD 6,75 TRAO
NBC -11,25 COMPRESSO
NDF 20,25 TRAO
NDE -22,5 COMPRESSO

HF confirmada
37

do Mtodo dos Ns.

2.n = b+
2.6 = 9+3
12 = 12 OK
fletor)
HC+HF = 0 VC = 100 KN HF.4,5-100.7,2 =
0
HF = -HC HF = 7204,5
HC = -160 KN HF = 160 KN


NDA
NDE
NDA
38

FV = 0 FH = 0
NDA-100 = 0 NDE = 0
NDA = 100 KN


FV = 0 FH = 0
NAB.sen22,62-NAD-NAE.sen22,62 = 0
NAB.cos22,62+NAE.cos22,62 = 0
NAB.sen22,62-100-NAE.sen22,62 = 0 (NAB+NAE).cos22,62
= 0
(NAB-NAE).sen22,62 = 100 NAB+NAE =
0cos22,62
NAB-NAE = 100sen22,62
NAB-NAE = 260 1 NAB+NAE = 0
2

1 ou 2
1 NAB-NAE = 260 NAB+NAE = 0
2 NAB+NAE= 0 130+NAE = 0
2NAB = 260 NAE = -130 KN
NAB = 2602
NAB = 130 KN

10
NDE
10
NAB
NAE
NAB
NAB
NAE
NA NA NAE
+
NEB
NEA
NEA NEB
NEF
NEA
39

FV = 0 FH = 0
NEB+NEA.sen22,62 = 0 NEF-NED-
NEA.cos22,62 = 0
NEB+(-130).sen22,62 = 0 NEF-0-(-
130).cos22,62 = 0
NEB = 50 KN NEF = -120
KN


FV = 0 FH = 0
NFC+NFB.sen39,81 = 0 -NFE-HF-
NFB.cos39,81 = 0
NFC+(-52).sen39,81 = 0 -(-120)-160-
NFB.cos39,81 = 0
NFC = 33,3 KN NFB = -40cos39,81
NFB = -52 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
+NBC.sen22,62-NBA.sen22,62-NBE-NBF.sen39,81=0 -
NBA.cos22,62+NBC.cos22,62+NBF.cos39,81 = 0
NEF NED
NED
NFC
NFB
HF
NFB NFC
HF
NFE
NFB
NFE
NBF
NBA
NBC
NBC
NBC
NBE
NBF
NBA NBE
NBF
NBA
40
173.sen22,62-130.sen22,62-50-(-52).sen39,81=0 -130.cos22,62+NBC.cos22,62+(-
52).cos39,81=0
66,5-50-50+33,5=0 NBC.cos22,62-120-40
= 0
0=0 NBC = 160cos22,62
NBC = 173 KN

FV= 0 FH = 0
VC-NCF-NCB.sen22,62=0 -NCB.cos22,62+HC = 0
100-(+33,3)-(+173).sen22,62=0 -(+173).c os22,62+160 = 0
100-33,3-66,7=0 -160+160 = 0
0=0 0 = 0

BARRA
FORAS NORMAIS
AXIAIS (KN)
ESFORO
NDA 100 TRAO
NDE 0 -
NAE -130 COMPRESSO
NAB 130 TRAO
NEB 50 TRAO
NEF -120 COMPRESSO
NFC 33,3 TRAO
NFB -52 COMPRESSO
NBC 173 TRAO

NCB
HC HC
VC
NCF
NCB NCF
NCB
VC
41

do Mtodo dos Ns.
42

2.n = b+
2.10 = 17+3
20 = 20 OK
fletor)
HA = 0 VA+VB = 30 KN -VB.10+15.6+15.3 = 0
VA+13,5 = 30 VB = 13510
VA = 30-13,5 VB = 13,5 KN
VA = 16,5 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
VA+N12.sen45 = 0
HA+N13+N12.cos45 = 0
16,5+N12.sen45 = 0 0+N13+(-
23).cos45 = 0
N12 = -16,5sen45 N13 = 16,3 kN
N12 = -23 KN

N12
N13
N12
N12
N13
VA
VA
HA
HA
43


FV = 0 FH = 0
N32 = 0 -
N31+N32.cos71,57+N34 = 0
-16,3+0.cos.71,57+N34
= 0
N34 = 16,3 kN

FV = 0 FH = 0
N42 = 0 -
N43+N42.cos71,57+N45 = 0
-16,3+0.cos.71,57+N45
= 0
N45 = 16,3 kN

FV = 0 FH = 0
-15-N21.sen45-N23.sen71,57-N24.sen71,57-N25.sen45=0 -N21.cos45-
N23.cos71,57+N26+N25.cos45+N24.cos71,57 = 0
-15-(-23).sen45-0-0-N25.sen45=0 -(-23).cos45-
0+N26+2,29.cos45+0=0
N25 = 1,62sen45 N26+16,26+1,62 = 0
N25 = 2,29 KN N26 = -17,88 KN

N32
N34
N32
N32
N34
N31
N31
N42
N45
N42
N32
N34
N43
N31
N25
N21
N26
N26
15
N23
N25
N21 N23
N24
N21
15
N24
N25
N24
N23
44


FV = 0 FH = 0
-15-N65 = 0 -N62+N67 = 0
N65 = -15 KN -(-17,88)+N67 = 0
N67 = -17,88 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
N52.sen45+N56+N57.sen45 = 0 -N52.cos45-
N54+N57.cos45+N58 = 0
2,29.sen45+(-15)+N57.sen45 = 0 -2,29.cos45-
16,3+18,9.cos45+N58 = 0
N57.sen45+1,62-15 = 0 N58-1,62-16,3+13,36
= 0
N57 = 13,38sen45 N58 = 4,5 KN
N57 = 18,9 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
N87 = 0 -
N85+N87.cos71,57+N89 = 0
15
N67
15
N67
N65
N65
N62
N62
N57
N58
N54
N56
N52
N52 N56 N57
N54
N52
N58
N57
N87
N89
N87
N87
N89
N85
N85
45
-4,5+0.cos.71,57+N89 =
0
N89 = 4,5 KN


FV = 0 FH = 0
N97.sen71,57+VB = 0 -N97.cos71,57-N98+N910
= 0
N97.sen71,57+13,5 = 0 -(-14,23).cos71,57-
4,5+N910 = 0
N97 = -13,5sen71,57 N910 = 0
N97 = -14,23 KN

FV = 0 FH = 0
N107 = 0 -N107-N109 = 0
-0-N109 = 0
N109 = 0

N97
N910
N97
N910
N98
N97
VB
VB
N98
N10
N10
N10
N10
N10
N71
N76
N71
N75
N76
46

FV = 0 FH = 0
-N75.sen45-N78.sen71,57-N79.sen71,57-N710.sen45 = 0 -N76-N75.cos45-
N78.cos71,57+N79.cos71,57+N710.cos45 = 0
-18,9.sen45-0-(-14,23).sen71,57-0=0 -(-17,88)-(+18,9).cos45-0+(-
14,23).cos71,57+0=0
-13,5+13,5 = 0 17,88-13,36-4,5 = 0
0 = 0 0 = 0

BARRA
FORAS NORMAIS
AXIAIS (KN)
ESFORO
N12 -23 COMPRESSO
N13 16,3 TRAO
N34 16,3 TRAO
N42 0 -
N32 0 -
N45 16,3 TRAO
N52 2,29 TRAO
N26 -17,88 COMPRESSO
N65 -15 COMPRESSO
N58 4,5 TRAO
N57 18,9 TRAO
N87 0 -
N89 4,5 TRAO
N910 0 -
N107 0 -

N78
N75
N78 N79
N75
N79
N71
N79
N78
47

Bibliografia
INTRODUO ISOSTTICA, autor Eloy Ferraz Machado Junior, 2007
Apostila MECNICA DOS MATERIAIS, autor Ricardo Gaspar, 2005

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