Contents

Introduction

Electricity in Pakistan

Reasons

Effects

Government policies

Solutions
A crucial stage or turning point in the
course of something is called crisis.
Pakistan is facing crises in electricity.
Electricity is important because.....
Electricity is a oxygen of economic life and
its shortage can seriously danger the
economic development
It is the most reliable indicator in term
economic development of its per capita
consumption of electrical energy
Because of the continuous and rapid growth
in population, urbanization and
industrialization in Pakistan in recent years,
the demand for electric power is much
greater than its production. This has
resulted in serious electrical crises in
Pakistan.
 Electricity in Pakistan
Electricity in Pakistan is generated, transmitted, distributed and
retail supplied by vertically integrated public sector utilities

Electric supply companies in Pakistan

Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA)
Karachi Electric Supply Corporation (KESC)
Faisalabad Electric Supply Company
Gujranwala Electric Power Company
Hub Power Company
Hyderabad Electric Supply Company
Islamabad Electric Supply Company
Kot Addu Power Company
Lahore Electric Supply Company
Multan Electric Power Company
Peshawar Electric Power Company
Quetta Electric Supply Company
Tribal Electric Supply Company
 Dams in Pakistan

Total dams
Misriot Dam
Tanaza Dam
Tarbela Dam
Mangla Dam
Warsak
Ongoing projects
Gomal Zam Dam Project
Mirani Dam Project
Mangla Dam Raising Project
Sabakzai Dam Project
Satpara Dam Project
Future projects
Diamer Basha Dam project
Kurram Tangi Dam Project
Munda Dam Project
Akhori Dam Project
Energy data of Hydel power in Pakistan
 Installed capacity

Electricity - total installed capacity: 19,505 MW (2007)

Electricity - Sources (2007)
fossil fuel - 12,580 MW - 65% of total
hydro - 6,463 MW - 33% of total
nuclear - 462 MW - 2% of total

Electricity production
Electricity - production: 88.42 TWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source (2003)
fossil fuel: 63.7% of total
hydro: 33.9% of total
nuclear: 2.4% of total

Electricity consumption
Electricity - consumption: 74.62 TWh (2004)
Electricity - exports: 0%
Electricity - imports: 0%
Electricity Consumption per Capita = 345.00 kWh/capita
Reasons of Electricity crisis in Pakistan
Pakistan is dying out of load shedding:
Load shedding is actually destroying the economy of the
country.
Small industry .
Large industry.
There are around 16 independent power producers that
contributes significantly in electricity generation in
Pakistan.
Balancing Pakistan's supply against the demand for
electricity has remained a largely unresolved matter.
Pakistan faces a significant challenge in revamping its
network responsible for the supply of electricity.
Alternatives of load shedding
 Government policies

The government has devised a three-month action plan for the summer season, and
claims that an additional cumulative 1,000 MW to 1,500 MW power would be
generated. Implementation of the plan, if pursued earnestly, could reduce the present
daily load shedding by one to two hours
It is envisaged that 2,200 MW would be added to the system by end April next year
and, subsequently, a total of 6,000 MW by end December. This is too tall a claim.
The existing availability of power in the WAPDA/PEPCO system in December 2009
will be 10,300 MW, whereas demand is projected at 16,200 MW. This results in
power deficit of 5,900 MW. To meet this shortfall, it is planned to add to the existing
system 1,200 MW from PEPCO thermal power units, 1,270 MW through the IPPs,
1,200 MW from the rental power facilities (PEPCO) and another 150 MW from
hydropower (WAPDA).
PEPCO is currently implementing the Power Transmission Enhancement Investment
Programme, at a total cost of $800 million, aiming at rehabilitation and expansion of
220 and 500 kV transmission systems. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is
financing the project.
Govt. has also in talks to import new power generation units from China and
Tajikstan.
Also, the World Bank has agreed to partially finance another project titled the
Electricity Distribution and Transmission Improvement Project, which is in the
pipeline, costing about $310 million. These projects will require at least three years to
complete.
 Demand and Supply of electricity in Pakistan

Demand of electricity

Pakistan's current installed capacity is around 19,845 MW

PEPCO blames independent power producers (IPPs) for the electricity crisis
They have been able to give PEPCO only 3,800 MW on average out of 5,800 MW

Supply of electricity

Total supply of electricity is very low Electricity Production (billion 80

kWh)
At present total power production capacity
Electricity Consumption (billion 74.6
in the country is about 19,500 MW, out of kWh)
which Hydra Power is only 6,500 MW % Urban 34%
approximately, balance of 13,000 MW is % Rural 64%

thermal either using Natural Gas or Furnace Population w. Electricity 33%

Rural Electricity Consumption N/A
Oil. Small capacity of 450 MW is Nuclear (Per Capita)
and only 150 MW is through coal. Urban Electricity Consumption 425 kWh
(Per Capita)
 Demand and Supply of electricity in Pakistan
Supply and Demand position:2008-2020(MW)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Existing 15,903 15,903 15,903 15,903 15,903 15,903 15,903 15,903 15,903 15,903 15,903 15,903 15,903
Generation

Proposal 530 4,235 7,226 10,115 10,556 13,307 13,520 14,607 16,134 18,448 18,448 18,448 18,448

Total 16,484 20,138 23,129 26,018 26,459 29,210 29,423 30,510 32,037 34,351 34,351 34,351 34,351
Existing

Expected 13,146 16,110 18,503 20,814 21,167 23,368 23,538 24,408 25,630 27,481 27,481 27,481 27,481
Available
Generation

Demand 16,484 17,868 19,352 20,874 22,460 24,126 25,919 28,029 30,223 35,504 34,918 37,907 41,132

Surplus -3,338 -1,758 -849 -60 -1,293 -758 -2,381 -3,621 -4,593 -8,023 -7,437 -10,426 -13,651
 Solutions of electricity crisis in Pakistan

Solutions by Government
Steps that should be taken
Conclusion of electricity crisis in Pakistan
When this crisis will be finished???
 References

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_Pakistan
http://www.blurtit.com/q252864.html
http://www.cssforum.com.pk/css-compulsory-subjects/current-
affairs/current-affairs-notes/4082-energy-crisis-pakistan.html
http://www.daily.pk/business/businessnews/9478-tajikistan-offers-to-
export-electricity-to-pakistan.html
http://www.crss.pk/weekly_roundup/we10feb08.pdf
Power Sector in Pakistan
Renewable Energy Sector
Supply and Demand Position 2008 – 2020
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_solutions_of_the_electricity_crisis
_in_Pakistan http://wiki.answers.
http://www.geo.tv/1-2-2009/31802.htm
http://www.aaj.tv/news/Latest/24_detail.html
http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-
online/Regional/Islamabad/02-Jan-2009/Sherry-Rehman-blames-water-
resources-for-loadshedding