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PUZZLING PHENOMENON
Infants3, 5 and surprisingly preschoolers2, 8 fail
to treat portions of non-cohesive substances
as individuals for quantification.
SUBJECTS
English
Mandarin
Age
SD
Together
24
3;5
2.9m
Individually
24
3;6
3.9m
Together
18
3;7
3.8m
Individually
18
3;6
3.2m
Empty Cups
Mixed Cups
(Empty & Full)
CONCLUSIONS
Acquisition of measure phrase, but not
reasoning about sand-cup relationship,
differs across English and Mandarin;
The ability to reason about discrete units of
substances can be improved when individuals
are highlighted;
SUMMARY
Display
Question
4:1
vs.
4:3
vs.
Yes
(Yes)
No
(No)
No
(Yes)
No
(No)
Yes
(No)
No
(No)
Is this three
cups of sand?
No
(No)
Yes
(Yes)
No
(No)
No
(Yes)
No
(Yes)
Yes
(No)
Together
Individually
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
vs.
vs.
English
4:3
4:1
vs.
A sand
vs.
vs.
vs.
B sand
C sand
D cups
METHODS TO ADDRESS Q2
Yes. Thats
three cups of
sand!
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
vs.
English
Mandarin
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0 Number
Mandarin
% Correct
, & Susan
Carey
Full Cups
METHODS TO ADDRESS Q1
Test English vs. Mandarin speaking 3-yearolds on Quantity Judgment and Measure
Language Comprehension.
Li
% Correct
% Correct
Johns
Zuona , Peggy
LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION
% Correct
QUESTIONS
Q1: Is there a relationship between learning
measure language and childrens ability to
discretize substances?
Wang ,
Alone
Yes
Number
Alone
No
Full Cups
Yes/No Check
Empty Cups
Mixed Cups
one cup
of sand?
three cups
of sand?
C
sand
D
cups
C
sand
D
cups
or