Right to Education Act 2009 and State Curriculum Frame work - 2011 Undertaking

Curricular and Evaluation Reforms

****
Vide G.O.Ms.No. 20/ School Education (PE-Progs I) Dept. dated 3-3-2011
orders have been issued relating to the Andhra Pradesh Right of children to Free and
Compulsory Education rules 2010. Vide G.O.Ms.No. 130/ School Education (PE-Progs
I) Dept.dated 9-9-2011 certain amendments were made to Andhra Pradesh Right of
children to Free and Compulsory Education rules 2010 issued vide reference 1st cited and
accordingly notification was issued.
Vide G. O. Ms. No. 41/School Education (PE)-Programme I (Dept.) dated
30-7-2010 the Government of Andhra Pradesh notified the SCERT as academic authority
for School Education under section 29 (1) of the Right of the children to Free and
Compulsory Act 2009 for the curriculum and the evaluation procedures for Elementary
Education. The SCERT while laying down the curriculum and evaluation procedures
shall take into consideration the following:

Conformity with the values enshrined in the Constitution.

All round development of the child.

Building up childs knowledge, potentiality and talent.

Development of physical and mental abilities to the fullest extent.

Learning through activities, discovery and exploration in a child friendly and

child-centered manner.

Medium of instruction shall, as far as practicable, be in childs Mother tongue.

Making the child free of fear, trauma and anxiety and helping the Child to express
views freely.

Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation of child understanding and knowledge

and his / her ability to apply the same.
Government further directed the SCERT as academic shall perform various

academic activities as per the section 29 (1) of RTE Act. Following are the proposed
academic activities to be taken up by the SCERT.

 To lay down curriculum and assessment procedures for the implementation of

RTE Act 2009
To formulate relevant class appropriate syllabus from class I to VIII, Study
Materials and other Learning Materials
Development of Specially designed age appropriate learning material (Bridge
course material) for the dropout / never enrolled, children enrolled in the age
specific grades.
To develop in-service training design
Developing Frame work and guidelines on the implementation of Continuous and
Comprehensive Evaluation, pupil cumulative record for every child which will be
basis for awarding elementary education completion certificate, Development of
Grade specific, subject specific, expected attainment targets in terms of
competencies. This includes curricular subjects and co-curricular activities like
Music, Dance, Painting, Art, Child Literature, Sports and Games, Work
Experience, Computer Education in accordance with section 30 of the act.
Developing curricular material for children learning through activities, discovery,
and exploration in a child friendly and child centered manner.
Developing guidelines and material on ban of corporal punishment and
implementation of positive discipline.
Preparation of school Development plan and guidelines for its implementation.
Workout teacher attainment levels standards for professional practice and
teacher preparation (Academic Standards).
Development of guidelines and source books for teachers on appropriate
pedagogical procedures to promote learning through activities, discovery and
exploration in a child friendly and child centered manner and development of
physical and mental abilities to the fullest extent among all children.
Accordingly SCERT has developed appropriate guidelines and material for the
implementation of curriculum as per section 29 (1) as given here under.
Development of State Curriculum Frame Work 2011 and along with 18 position
papers in various curricular areas and social concerns. The syllabus from class I to
X have been revised and developed academic standards for all subjects across
grades. Accordingly the textbooks are being revised in a phased manner for
children learning through activities, discovery, and exploration in a child friendly
and child centered manner.
Development of Specially designed age appropriate learning material (Bridge
course material) for the dropout / never enrolled, children enrolled in the age
specific grades. The special training material developed is for classes I-VII for all
subjects along with teacher handbook for the volunteers / teachers of special
training centres. The CDs of the material have been furnished to SPD for taking
up of printing and providing to the special training centres. The SCERT designed
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training programme to the district teams for orientation of the volunteers of

special training centres and oriented them.
Developed in-service training design with appropriate teacher handbooks on
New Textbooks, Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation and oriented the District
Key Resource Persons. Detailed guidelines have been issued for the conduct of
teacher trainings at district and mandal level through SSA.
Developing Frame work and guidelines on the implementation of Continuous and
Comprehensive Evaluation, pupil cumulative record for every child which will be
basis for the awarding completion certificate, Development of Grade specific,
subject specific, expected attainment targets in terms of competencies. This
includes curricular subjects and co-curricular activities like Music, Dance,
Painting, Art, Child Literature, Sports and Games, Work Experience, Computer
Education in accordance with section 30 of the Act.
Developing curricular material for children learning through activities, discovery,
and exploration in a child friendly and child centered manner.
Developing guidelines and material on ban of corporal punishment and
implementation of positive discipline.
Preparation of School Development Plan and guidelines for its implementation.
Teacher attainment levels standards for professional practice and teacher
preparation (Academic Standards) are being developed.
Development of guidelines and source books for teachers on appropriate
pedagogical procedures to promote learning through activities, discovery and
exploration in a child friendly and child centered manner and development of
physical and mental abilities to the fullest extent among all children.
Following are the details of some of the initiatives as per RTE 2009 proposed to be
implemented in all schools from the academic year 2012-13.

1. Implementation of Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation

Examination reforms is an important component of curriculum and the evaluation
is powerful means of improving the quality of Education. It constitutes an important part
of the curriculum. It determines how learners learn and teachers teach. An understanding
of learners, educational aims, the nature of knowledge and the nature of school as a social
space can help us to guide classroom processes. All the educational committees
recommended for reducing emphasis on external examinations and encouraging internal
assessment through CCE. The scope of evaluation in schools extents all the areas of
learners personality development. It includes both scholastic and co-scholastic areas and
should be comprehensive in nature. This is in line with the goals of education.
Continuous evaluation reveals the strengths and weaknesses of learners more frequently
and it also provide feedback to the teachers for modifying their teaching strategies.
Assessment is an integral part of teaching learning process and not apart from it.
The main function of assessment is to facilitate and guide learning. The goals and scope
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of assessment should be same as per learning and teaching. The assessment tasks may be
similar to learning tasks. If evaluation is seen as an integral part built into the teaching
learning process it will become continuous like both teaching and learning. When
evaluation is subsumed into teaching learning, learners will not pursue and tests and
examinations with fear. Therefore, CCE will leads to diagnosis, remediation and
enhancement of learning. Assessment is the collected evidence of learners progress in
the learning process and informed to them and their parents.
Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation includes both Scholastic and co-scholastic
areas and now treated them as curricular areas which reflects the holistic development of
the learner. Continuous evaluation reveals the strengths and weakness of learners more
frequently and it is a feedback to the children and teachers for improvement.
CCE is a school based evaluation covering all the aspects of learners growth and
development. The main aim is to find out how far the curricular objectives were
achieved.
Assessment: Existing Perspectives

Assessment of learning is now treated as terminal and outside the teaching

learning processes to rank and grade the children. Assessment involves using
paper-pencil test retrieving information from the children. Usually children
memorize the concepts, definitions and answers to questions and reproduce them
in the examinations. Children suffer tension, anxiety and fear of exams in view of
burden of memorization and its proper reproduction. The assessment is also
confined to core curricular subjects and it never attempts to know how far the
purpose of school is achieved in terms of realizing educational aims and
objectives. Assessment is not being treated as an evidence of teachers practice and
strength of the curricular content. Assessment must become an integral part of
teaching; it must be holistic, comprehensive and cumulative.
The NPE -1986 made a special emphasis on the improvement of the examination
system as well as the process of evaluation. In the document i.e. challenge of
education it was mentioned that the annual examination system evaluates the
candidates on the basis of wrote learning and memory and creates the attitudes
and circumstances to study only for three to four months in a year. As the
application of knowledge has not been done continuously, unbearable, tensions,
arise at the end of the year.
The National Curriculum Frame Work 2005 made special emphasis resorting to
innovative evaluation processes instead of examinations that emphasis memory
like oral work, group work, projects etc.
The focus from testing memory to testing higher level competencies such as
interpretation, analysis, synthesis, problem solving etc.

What SCF Says on Assessment

Education is concerned with preparing citizens for a meaningful and productive
life and evaluation should be a way providing feedback on the extent to which we
have been successful in imparting such an education.
Well designed assessment and regular reports cards provide learners with
feedback and such standards for them to improve.
Assessment also serve to inform parents about the quality of learning and the
development and progress of their wards?
Assessing Learning Aims
Three different aims are enlisted for assessing the learners as follows:
1. to support learning
2. to assess the learning standard of learners and affect promotion and issue
certificates.
3. to inform the public and win their reorganization on the progress
Assessing Process
Assessment process refers to the entire process of measurement, analysis and
classification and relation to learning.
Assessment for learning: Assessment for learning is done along with the learning
process for its efficacy through diverse interventions, assessment and feedback. This will
be intertwined with each learning activity. It is formative in nature (Formative assessment)
Assessment as learning: This is a process by which a learner goes back self-critically
through the learning process he / she has undergone and identifies his/her own merits and
limitations. The refinement processes done in the light of self assessment is nothing but
learning itself, a deeper level of learning.
Assessment of learning: Assessment of learning is assessing the learners after a
particular period of time to know what they have learned and to pass the information to
the persons concerned. It is the assessment of the changes visible in a learner after a
fixed period of time and the assessment of the learners achievement level. Term end
assessments more or less do this function. It is summative in nature in the form of
examinations both oral and written.
CCE and Examination Reforms:
Following are the proposed reforms as a part of implementation of CCE.

Making examinations more flexible an integrated into classroom teaching

through formative assessment.
Ensuring that learning is shifted away from rote methods and memory
oriented and focus on self expression.

Grading in place of marks.

Assessment of subject specific academic standards / competencies rather than
information.
Assessment is school based through teacher made test papers.
Questions which are analytical and open ended which discriminate children of
various abilities.
Teacher maintaining child wise, subject wise performance register.
The assessment tools are not only pen paper but also oral, projects,
observations, portfolios, class work, activity reports etc.,
Evaluation made comprehensive including co-curricular areas such as Art
Education, Games And Sports, Work Experience, Value Education etc.,
Evaluation made continuous and now become part of teaching through
formative assessment.
Progress report compresses with descriptive statement on children
performance covering all curricular areas.
Periodic sharing of children progress with SMCs and parents.
Assessment starts with a base line assessment at the beginning of academic
year for all subjects and classes based on which the teacher set targets and
plan for teaching.

What is CCE?
CCE refers to a system of school based assessment that covers all aspects of
students development.
It emphasizes two fold objectives
1. Continuity in evaluation and assessment of broad based learning
2. Behavioral outcomes
CCE comprises three areas
a) continuous
b) comprehensive
c) evaluation
Continuous - Assessment is regular and periodical. Evaluation of students growth
and development is continuous process rather than an event, built into the total
teaching learning process and spread over the entire span of academic session. It
means regularity of assessment, frequency of testing, diagnosis of learning gaps,
use of corrective measures, retesting and feedback of evidences to teachers and
students for their self evaluation.

Comprehensive - is a holistic approach, covers both scholastic and co- scholastic

areas. It provides ample opportunity for the child to grow in all areas.

Evaluation - is assessment of child in all aspects. The emphasis shifted to testing

of holistic learning. It aims at creative good citizens possessing sound health
appropriate skills and desirable qualities besides academic excellence.

What is to be Assessed
We try to find out the development of child in his / her physical, social, cognitive,
scholastic and emotional realms. If we approach assessment keeping these in mind
assessment will become holistic. Thus the educational system of the state will get
feedback how far the on the purpose of the school is achieved and how far the staff
successful in imparting education to the pupil. The total feed back on childs learning
includes:

The childs learning and performance in different subject domains.

The childs skills, interests, attitudes, motivation etc.
The changes that are happening in the learning process and behaviour of the child
and the developments that have occurred in a stipulated period of time.
The reaction of the child to the different contexts and opportunities in and out of
the school.

Curricular Areas for Assessment

Primary Class I-V
Mother tongue- (Telugu / Urdu / Hindi .)
English
Mathematics
Environmental Studies
Arts and Crafts
Music and Dance
Games and Physical Education
Health Hygiene
Work Experience
Ethics and Values
Upper Primary / High Schools
Mother tongue - (Telugu / Urdu / Hindi .)
Second Language
Third Languages English
Mathematics
Science
Social Studies.
Arts and Crafts
Music and Dance
Games and Physical Education
Health Hygiene
Work Experience
Computer Education
Ethics and Values

Academic Standards and Subject specific attainment targets

Languages:
Listening comprehension and speaking with thinking, confidence
Reading and Reading comprehension, Reflection
Writing Self expression
Creative Expression
Vocabulary
Language Elements Grammar
Appreciation
Mathematics:
Problem Solving
Reasoning with Proof
Communication
Connection
Representation
Environmental Studies:
Conceptual Understanding
Information skills
Experiment skills and field investigation
Mapping skills
Drawing and Making models
Appreciation
Questioning
Science:
Conceptual Understanding
Asking Questioning and making Hypothesis
Experiments and Field Investigation
Data Handling, Analysis and Projects
Communication through Drawing and models
Appreciation and Aesthetic Sensitivity
Application in daily life and concern towards Bio-Diversity
Social Studies:
Conceptual understanding
Reading Comprehension and Interpreting text
Information skills
Reflection on Social and Contemporary issues and Questioning
Mapping Skills
Constitutional Values, Appreciation and Life Skills

OTHER CURRICULAR AREAS

Arts and Crafts
Colouring, drawing, decoration
Making models and toys
Origami, Tongramme
Stitching, Netting, Knitting
Music and Dance
Singing
Dance and Demonstrating local Art forms
Dramatization, Acting and Mime
Playing Musical Instruments
Games and Physical Education
Interest and Participation
Rules and Regulations
Sporting spirit and Appreciation
Special skills, Yoga and Meditation
Health Hygiene and Nutrition
Physical development
Personal Hygiene
Environmental Hygiene
Health, Nutrition and food habits
Work and Education
Preparing various models and articles
Skill in making use of tools and material / goods
Making use of services of persons Arts, Crafts and other produce
Participation in progammes, festivals and taking the responsibilities
Computer Education
Computer aided learning
Utilizing the computer
Internet and E-mails
Presentation, PPT
Value Education Life Skills and Human Values
Discriminatory knowledge
Equality and Brotherhood
Life Skills
Observation of Human values, Morality and Human Rights

When and how to Assess

Before looking at how Assessment is to be undertaken teachers need to determine
objectives for achievement at elementary and secondary level. They need to look at what
elementary and secondary education should develop in children. They also need to
determined what their expectations are from the learners at the end of elementary and
secondary stage and what kind of profile report is required in relation to different aspects
and learning areas.
We view Assessment as the part and parcel of the classroom processes. Learning,
Assessment, feedback and scaffolding are not done in linear mode. It is a continuous
spiral growth from one to other. Which makes learning a dynamic and organic processes.
Types of Assessment
Assessment may be categorized broadly into two categories viz.,
(A) Formative Assessment (B) Summative Assessments.
Formative Assessment
Formative Assessment is a assessment conducted during the process of teaching.
It is through observation of student responses, student engagement, student notebooks,
assignments and other written works. Formative Assessments will be conducted by the
teacher during instructions without knowledge to the students. Teacher observes and
record the children progress and as well as learning gaps. No paper pencil test for
formative assessments.
Formative assessment is the process of gathering ongoing information (what
teachers see and hear) during teaching to determine what students know and can do, and
to provide descriptive feedback to improve learning and inform teaching. Feedback is
generally directly connected to student learning goals. This is assessment for Learning. It
emphasizes the mastery of classroom content and is conducted throughout the entire
instructional process to gauge students progress. Results are then used to adapt
instruction to meet students needs. Feedback is also used to help students to achieve
their learning goals and takes the form of specific suggestions for improvement and
discussion of errors rather than merely providing the correct answer. Formative
Assessment is part of the instructional process. In this sense, formative assessment
informs both teachers and students about student understanding at a point when timely
adjustments can be made. These adjustments help to ensure students achieve targeted
standards-based learning goals within a set time frame.
NPE 1986 emphasized that at the school level the evaluation should be formative
or developmental in nature because at the stage child is in the formative stage of learning
and does the emphasis should be on improvement of learning.

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Some of the main features of formative assessment are listed below:

Is diagnostic and remedial

Makes the provision for effective feedback.
Provides the platform for the active involvement of students in their own learning.
Enables teaches to adjust teaching to take account of the results of assessment.
Recognizes the profound influence assessment has on the motivation and selfesteem of students, both of which are crucial influences on learning.
Recognizes the need for students to be able to assess themselves and understand
how to improve.
Builds on students prior knowledge and experience in designing what is taught.
Incorporates varied learning styles into deciding how and what to teach.
Encourages students to understand the criteria that will be used to judge their
work.
Offers an opportunity to students to improve their work after feedback.
Helps students to support their peers, and expect to be support by them.

Summative assessment takes place after a period of instruction and requires

making a judgment about the learning that has occurred. This is through using paper
pencil tests. It is to takes place at end of term semester or school year. Special learning
outcomes and standards are reference points, and grade levels may be the bench marks
for reporting. This is assessment of learning.
It is essential to check weather the progress seen in formative in formative
evaluation is being sustained. Such review should be taken after a sufficient period of
time. Summative evaluation certifies the level of achievement only at a given point of
time. Over emphasis on examinations makes children assume that assessment is different
from learning resulting in the learn and forget syndrome. Over emphasis on summative
assessment system produces enormous stress and anxiety among children. This should be
replaced with adequate formative assessment.
Summative assessment as a means to gauge, at a particular point in time, student
learning relative to content standards. Summative assessments are tools to help evaluate
the effectiveness of programs, school improvement goals, alignment of curriculum, or
student placement in specific programs.
Strategies, techniques and tools of assessments
In the classrooms the teacher will have many opportunities to assess the learners
at various stages of knowledge construction. The teacher may employ various strategies
for assessing for learners while they are engaged in various classroom activities
responding, reading, working in groups etc.
There are various strategies of assessment
- Group Assessment
- Peer assessment
- Self Assessment
- Teachers assessment
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Group assessment helps to develop the skills of collaboration. It also helps

develop the objectivity required for effective self assessment. Through peer assessment
students much more clearly learn what constitutes quality work and are stretched to
rethink their own work as consequence. Further with regard to self assessment, it is very
difficult for students to achieve a learning goal unless they understand that goal and can
assess what they need to do reach it. So self assessment is essential to learning. Students
must feel comfortable and they have to trust one another in order to provide honest and
constructive feedback. Assessment on learning involves learners in becoming more
responsible participants in the whole learning process.
The techniques and tools for formative evaluation:
The childrens learning process is continuously checked and monitored and
formative evaluation. Different kinds of tools and techniques must be used to observed
and record the different types of behaviour. These are as follows:
1. Daily observations.
2. Oral work (questions and answers, reading aloud, speech and conversation, role
playing, interview, group discussions, etc).
3. Practicals / experiments.
4. Programmes / activities (individual / in groups, by self learning).
5. Projects
6. Children Notebooks / Exercises / class work (writing informative passages,
descriptions, essays, reports, stories, letters, dialogues, fantasies, etc.)
7. Others tools (like questionnaire, peer-evaluation, self-evaluation and group work.)
8. Teacher dairy (Planning and reflection on TLP
9. Portfolios
10. Rating scales
11. Anecdotes
Tools and techniques for Summative Evaluation:
Summative Evaluation should based on the written, oral and practical responses.
Following are the tools for summative evaluation
1. Oral work (questions and answers, reading aloud, reading comprehension, speech
and conversation, role playing, interview, group discussions, etc).
2. Written Test Pen Paper test
3. Projects
The questions must be qualitative i.e., open ended, analytical in nature, drawing
conclusions, giving reasons, evaluating and interpreting in nature. They must
discriminate children based on their intelligence and creativity.

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When to Assess? Periodicity

1. Base line test June (Baseline) A baseline test which is diagnostic in nature
to be conducted at the beginning of the academic year to understand how far
the children posses expected competencies to follow the regular syllabus of
the class. In case if the children do not posses required basic competencies a
remedial teaching shall be planned by the concerned teachers. This as per the
RTE act Section .
2. Formative Assessments: This is a part of teaching learning process the teacher
observes performance of the children through questioning, observation of
children notebooks, assignments, class works, projects etc., The teacher has
to record the performance of the children unit / lesson wise and accordingly
consolidate and record against Formatives Assessments against each
competency / Academic Standard. The frequency of formative assessments is
given here under.
F1 July
F2 September
F3 December
F4 - February
3. Summative Assessment: Summative Assessment is a terminal tests in nature
and shall be conducted twice in a year viz.,
S1 October
S2 April
Who will Assess?
School based assessment by the concerned teachers.
Test papers must be teacher made and never from external sources.
Recording children performance
Grading in place of marks
Three point scale grade A, B, C grading
Performance Level
Achievement of Academic Standards up to
the mark Higher level performance
Achievement of Academic Standards to
some extent moderate
Achievement of Academic Standards has
made an attempt and requires more support

Grade
A Grade
B Grade
C Grade

The grading will be absolute based on performance against each indicators and
grade never will be on marks.
Directly grades will be allocated based on the performance.

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Children performance will be shown against each academic standard in every

subject.
Consolidated grade will be provided per subject per child and per class.
Descriptive analysis against each grade will be recorded in the cumulative
achievement record.

Class / School grade

The children will be graded into A, B, C as above based on their performance
against Academic Standards.
Every school strive to achieve the expected academic standards as envisaged and
it is expected that every child is potential to achieve the expected competencies.
A class / school grade will be based on number of children achieved the academic
standards. A child who achieves the academic standards is graded as A and the
children who cannot achieve are graded into B and C.
A class / school will be graded into A provided 80% of children in the class
achieves A Grade. If the A grade children are 60% - 79% and it will be graded
into B. Similarly if A grade children are 59% - 50% the school / class grade
will be C and if it is below 49% the class / school will be B. The overall goal
of every school will be achieving expected academic standards by all children or
atleast 80%.
Class / School Grade
Performance Levels of Children
Grade
Achievement of Academic Standards by
A Grade
80% of children and more
Achievement of Academic Standards by
B Grade
children between 60% - 79%.
Achievement of Academic Standards by the
C Grade
children between 50% - 59%
Achievement of Academic Standards by the
D Grade
children below 49%.
Therefore, the class / school will be based on number of A grade children.
Grading

Every subject posses certain academic standards which reflects nature of the
subject and every student expected to achieve the expected competency.
Subject specific grade will be decided based on the nature of grades obtained in
different competencies in the subject. Eg: there are about seven academic
standards in languages. If a child achieves A grade in five and above
competencies out of seven he / she may be given A grade in the subject. If the
child achieves C grade in four and above competencies he / she may be graded
as C and all remaining combinations leads to get B grade.

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Eg:
Sl.
No.
1

Subject
Languages

No. of
Academic
Standards
7

A - Grade

B - Grade

If a child
scores A
grade in five
above
standards.

Any
combination
other than
A & C
grade
specifications

C - Grade
The child
scores C
grade in
four and
above
standards

Records and Registers

Every teacher must maintain a register viz., CCE showing the progress of children
against subject specific learning indicators over base line.

Recording childs work, teachers observations / remarks in the childs progress

card.

Every child completing his elementary education shall be awarded a certificate

(enclosed as annexure).

A cumulative achievement record at two levels will be used i.e., a) for primary
(1-V classes) and b) Upper Primary (VI-VIII) (enclosed as annexure).

Teachers Responsibilities:
Developing test papers on their own.
Keeping the evidences of children progress while recording for formative
assessments.
Valuation of answer scripts of base line and summative assessment and keep
record for the entire academic year.
The children progress after every formative and summative shall be informed and
shared to the parents as per RTE Act section ..
Conduct of remedial instruction for the children do not show progress as found
during formative and summative. Assessment is for improving the children
performance and assessment provides feedback for such action.
Maintenance class wise / Subject wise CCE register.
Maintenance of children cumulative achievement record.
The class teacher is responsible for teaching of regular subjects and as well as
other creative areas as a part of regular curriculum.
HMs Responsibilities
Distribution of class and subject responsibilities among teachers
Ensure proper teaching learning process for all the curricular areas as per the time
table.
Conduct of records and registers by the teachers

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Monitoring and cross check the records and evidences for recording for
assessments.
Conduct of reviews and see the progress over base line and plan for remedial
teaching.
Ensure for the development of teacher made test papers and not allow test papers
outside agencies / purchasing.
Ensure proper valuation of children note books, assignments, projects, answer
scripts etc.,
Ensure for writing teacher diaries which includes planning and reflection
separately.
Furnishing children performance record to the MEOs / Dy. E.O.
Convening SMC meeting after every formative and summative assessment and
share the children progress.

Responsibilities of other officers

The MRPs and School Complex HMs are responsible for the schools attached to
them for the implementation CCE and ensure items of responsibilities of teachers
and HMs. Identifying schools of best performance and least performance and
share the same during the review meeting at various levels. Record observations
such as strengths and weaknesses and suggestions in the academic guidance
register.

Mandal Educational Officers They are responsible for the implementation of

CCE in the entire manal and cross check the schools and children performance.
The MEO has to conduct monthly review meetings with HMs and MRPs. The
MRPs shall share their observations during the meetings the minutes of the
meeting shall be communicated to all schools for followup action.

Deputy Educational Officers They are responsible for the implementation of

CCE in all the high schools under their schools jurisdiction and ensure items of
responsibilities of teachers and HMs. Identifying schools of best performance and
least performance and share the same during the review meeting at various levels.
Record observations such as strengths and weaknesses and suggestions in the
academic guidance register.

School Complexes and DIETs / CTEs / IASEs They are responsible for
providing academic support to the schools and monitoring staff for the
implementation of CCE. The formative and summative assessments, nature of test
items, recording procedures, remedial teaching must be discussed as a part of
agenda for Primary and Upper Primary school complex meetings. Teaching plans
shall be discussed and developed during complex meetings.
The DIET / CTE / IASE staff shall observe the implementation of CCE and plan
for the overcoming the gaps. Appropriate trainings may be conceptualized for
effective implantation of CCE. Their observation may be shared during mandal
and district level review meetings. Research studies shall be conducted for
improving the situation. Subject wise forums may be developed by identifying
effective and committed teachers and develop appropriate test items, questions
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banks, teaching plans etc., through workshops. The same be discussed and used
during school complex meetings. The financial assistance for the above academic
activities, workshops, material development etc., will be from SSA and RMSA.

District Educational Officers They are responsible for the implementation of

CCE in its real spirits in all the schools i.e., Government, Aided and Recognized
Private Schools in the district. Strict vigilance and review of the implementation
of CCE and children progress and the performance of schools / mandals in the
district.

State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT) SCERT as

academic authority shall over see the proper implementation of CCE. It has to
conduct studies and programme evaluation and develop appropriate strategies to
address the gaps identified in the implementation. Capacity building of staff of
teacher education institutes and field functionaries shall be planned and
implemented.

2. Teacher accountability towards children learning achievement

As per RTE every child of the age of 6-14 years shall have a right free and
compulsory education in a neighourhood school till completion elementary education i.e.,
class I-VIII. Every child has the right to receive quality elementary education. The RTE
focuses on quality and children learning achievement. The children has the right to
receive special training to be on par with others with required subject specific
competencies. Therefore the system is accountable towards children learning
achievement appropriate to the class / grade. The mandate of the RTE in providing
quality elementary education will be possible provided teachers and other support staff
are professionally sound, duty bounded, committed for the achievement of goals of
elementary education.
Therefore, the teacher accountability is focused on the important areas that
promotes quality of children learning performance viz., 1) Performance of the duties of
the teachers 2) Teaching learning process 3) Focus on children performance. The first
two factors shall have greater bearing on the third one i.e., children learning performance.
Following are the item wise indicators of performance to be checked and observed.
a) Duties of the Teachers

Maintain regularity and punctuality in attending schools.

Not to use Mobile phones in the classrooms and schools.
Setting goals and targets based on base line.
Conduct and complete the curriculum duly following child friendly and child
centered methods.
Complete the curriculum with in specified time.
Planning and providing special training to the children who logging behind to
make them at par with others and posses class specific academic standards.
Checking of homework and correction notebooks.
Valuation of test papers and maintaining the CCE Record.

17

Planning and inviting the SMC members and parents to the meeting.
Informing the children learning progress to the parents and SMC members.
Developing question papers and conducting the periodic assessment both
formative and summative.
Teachers not to leave school during school hours and not to abstained from
schools without government orders.
Maintenance of Teacher dairy reflecting planning and reflection.
Researches and studies
Basically Headmasters are also teachers and they must take atleast two periods of
a regular subject concerned in case of high schools and the headmasters in case of
other schools must take responsibility of a class / subject.
b) Teaching Learning Process

Preparation of Unit plan.

Preparation and use of Teaching Learning Material.
The entire period time is learning time for children. Therefore, engage children on
full time basis in the period by way of teaching, engage in activities where teacher
moving and supporting the children and clarifying the concepts.
Encourage children to express and ask questions.
CCE is the part of Teacher Learning Process and assess the children on continues
basis and support them observations shall be recorded in the teachers dairy.
Children participation (engagement) individual and group work.
Promoting learning through explorations, projects, experiments, discovery and
child centered tasks.
Classroom interaction Teacher pupil, pupil pupil, pupil and material.
Inclusive classrooms focusing on children lagging.
Not to teach text but to construct text.
Analysis of children performance and planning for appropriate support to the
children.
Formative assessment to understand the extent of children learning and support
them.
c) Exhibiting professionalism

Attending In-service trainings / workshops for professional development and

reading the modules and implementing the training content / method.
Professional writings, readings, library memberships
Internet access and awareness of using technology
Reading professional literature and improve teaching.
Book reviews and sharing in the school complex meetings.
Paper presentations and writing to Magazines, News Papers etc.,

d) Children Performance

Clarity on learning outcomes / competencies.

Implementation of Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation.

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Assess the learning ability of each child and accordingly supplement additional
instruction required if any.
Hold regular meetings with parents and guardians and apprise them about the
attendance and learning achievement.
No child shall be excluded or repeated in the same class in the name of nonperformance.
Accountable for achieving subject wise academic standards according to SCF2011.
Eg: Languages: Listening & Speaking
Reading Comprehension
Self Writing
Creative expression
Vocabulary
Language items
Appreciation
Attaining subject specific competencies in all other subjects / curricular areas as
above.
All children should achieve standards (except M.R/ children with special needs).
Incentives / recognition may be given to teachers for 80% and above achievement
levels.

f) Checks and Measures

g)

Disciplinary action for default in achieving performance among children and shall
liable to disciplinary action under the service rules applicable.
System level generation of appreciation / explanation based on the data.
5% external check should be done at the district level annually.
System level accountability towards teachers performance and quality
classroom process, children performance

Headmaster:
Headmaster is accountable towards performing duties by all teachers as
mentioned above.
HM has to conduct monthly review meetings and record the progress on children
learning achievement and record the status and suggestions in the minutes book.
Focus on the follow up action on the suggestions made in the academic register by
the monitoring staff.
Organize SMC meetings as per the schedule and see that every teacher share the
children performance with parents and SMC members.
Focus on the implementation of CCE and other RTE related quality initiatives.

19

School Complex Headmaster

School Complex HM is responsible for the quality of teaching learning processes
and children performance in the schools under his jurisdiction.
The HM must visit all the schools in a month and share his observations during
the school complex meetings and ensure to improve the situation.
Ensure proper attendance of the teachers to the complex meeting and take up
activities as per the agenda and recording the minutes.
The HM shall present in the school complex meeting and identify efficient
teachers and appreciate them.
MEOs and Dy. EOs
The MEO / Dy. EOs must ensure the performance of duties by the teachers as
enlisted above. If any discrepancy or gaps MEO/ Dy. EO is accountable and
responsible.
Any gaps and lapses in the schools towards performance of duties by the teachers,
headmasters and poor children performance the MEO/ Dy. EO is answerable.
Evidence must be recorded and appropriate explanation shall be called for which
reveals functioning of the MEO/ Dy. EO and his focus on schools. If any teacher /
HM does not respond to the suggestion made and explanations called for the same
must be reported DEO.
To ensure proper attendance and punctuality and other duties of teachers the MEO
Dy. EO must be in schools before school assembly on every working day and
observe all the processes and available in the office after 3.00 P.M.
Professional development is addressed through school complex meetings and
MEO and Dy. E.O. must ensure proper attendance of the teachers and conduct of
school complex activities as per the agenda and attend the meetings.
Ensure proper utilization of all types of grants to the schools and verify the stock
and issue registers.
Identify the good teachers encourage and appreciate them in the schools and in
other meetings.
DIETs, CTEs and IASEs
School visits and observe the trends teacher practice and professionalism and
children performance and submit report to the DEOs and Director, SCERT.
The staff to attend the review meetings at various levels i.e., complex, mandal and
district and share their observations and suggest measures.
Conceptualize appropriate strategies and progrommes to ensure teaching practices
in a child friendly and child centered way and ensure learning through discovery,
exploration, projects, experiments etc., Support the schools to ensure these
quality processes through on job support, material development, trainings,
workshops etc.,
Conduct action research to address the problems related to pedagogy and children
performance and take up studies programme evaluations on various initiatives
being implemented in the field.
Monitor and support sub district level resource centers like school complexes,
MRCs.
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Quality Education depends on quality teachers which requires proper support by

way of Formulating and building the capacity of subject forums across
curriculum. Therefore teacher education institutions shall focus on creating such
subject forums and use their services in trainings, material development, academic
monitoring of schools etc.,

District Educational Officers (DEOs)

DEO must ensure proper functional aspects of MEOs and Dy. EOs.
DEO shall visit the schools and preferable before school assembly and observe
the classroom processes and children performance.
The agenda for the review meeting with MEOs, Dy.EOs and headmasters must
posses the items on performance of duties of teachers, quality teaching learning
process, children performance and utilization of available resources like Library,
Lab, grants, ICT etc.,
The schools and mandals may be classified into A, B, C, D categories based on
children performance and DEO must review the MEOs and Dy. EOs with this
report and share his observations during the review meeting and take necessary
action to improve the situation.
Appreciation letters to the good Schools, good Teachers, good MEOs, good
Teacher Educators. Communication of the review meeting minutes to the MEOs
and Dy. EOs.
DEO to plan for school improvement initiatives and reforms to improve the
situations.
State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT)
SCERT shall focus on Curriculum implementation and observe the trends in the
teachers professional practice and functional aspects of schools and headmasters
and design appropriate strategies to improve the situation.
Design appropriate courses in various curricular areas for the professional
development of teachers.
Monitor the functional aspects and professional practices of teacher education
institutes.
Design quality in-service teacher training programmes to ensure quality
classroom processes and take up appropriate impact studies and evaluations.
Build subject specific forums and take up capacity building of these forums on a
continuous basis.
Undertaking Research Studies and programme evaluation on various initiatives
being implemented in the field.
Publications ad material development on current trends and contemporary issues
and practices and disseminate to the field.

3. School Working days, hours and curriculum weightages

The RTE clearly mentions certain norms and standards for a school under section
19 and 25. Following are the revised guidelines for school working days, working hours
and curriculum weightages for various subjects as per RTE.
21

1. School working days

Primary (1-5)
220

Upper Primary
220

High schools (6-10)

220

2. School working hours (Instructional hours i.e. engaging children in learning tasks
/ activities)
Primary
Upper Primary
High schools
800
1000
1000
The above hours are instructional basically focusing on subject specific teaching
learning processes with 100% interaction and children engagement. The rest must be
towards remedial teaching, teacher preparation, other creative activities.
Weekly hours (instructional and preparation)
Primary
45 hours (7 hours daily)
School timings - Primary
First Bell

8.45 a.m.

Second Bell

8.50 a.m.

School Assembly

8.50 a.m. to 9.00 a.m.

Morning Session 9.00 a.m. to 12.15 p.m.

Lunch

12.15 to 1.15 p.m.

Afternoon Session 1.15 p.m. to 4.30 p.m.

School timings Upper Primary
First Bell

8.45 a.m.

Second Bell

8.50 a.m.

School Assembly

8.50 a.m. to 9.00 a.m.

Morning Session

9.00 a.m. to 12.15 p.m.

Lunch

12.15 to 1.15 p.m.

Afternoon Session 1.15 p.m. to 4.30 p.m.

School timings High Schools
First Bell

8.45 a.m.

Second Bell

8.50 a.m.

School Assembly

8.50 a.m. to 9.00 a.m.

Morning Session

9.00 a.m. to 12.15 p.m.

Lunch

12.15 to 1.15 p.m.

Afternoon Session 1.15 p.m. to 4.30 p.m.

22

Primary I - V:
Sl. No.
1
2
3
4
5
4
5
6
7

Subject
First Language
English
Mathematics
Environmental Studies
Physical and Health Education
Art and Craft
Music and Dance
Ethics and Value Education
Work Education
TOTAL
Upper Primary VI - VII:
Sl. No.
Subject
1
First Language
2
Second Language
3
Third Language
4
Mathematics
5
Science
4
Social Studies
5
Physical and Health Education
6
Art and Craft
7
Music and Dance
8
Ethics and Value Education
9
Work Education
10
Computer Education
TOTAL
High School VIII - X:
Sl. No.
1
2
3
4
5
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

Subject
First Language
Second Language
Third Language
Mathematics
Physical Science
Biological Science
Social Studies
Physical and Health Education
Art and Craft
Music and Dance
Ethics and Value Education
Work Education
Computer Education
TOTAL

No. of periods (weightage)

12
6
12
6
4
2
2
2
2
48
No. of periods (weightage)
6
6
6
8
6
6
2
2
1
2
1
2
48
No. of periods (weightage)
6
4
6
8
4
4
6
2
2
1
2
1
2
48

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Note: Equal weightage may be given for instruction and practice. Eg: if 8 periods are provided
for mathematics per week four periods may be for instruction followed by four periods
for practice in presence of teachers. It is preferable to provide two periods continuously
i.e., one for teaching followed by the next period for practice. So that the teacher can
ensure achievement of subject wise concepts. It also helps for remedial instruction and
support to the children who need more support.

Implementation Indicators
Maintaining regularity and punctuality in attending schools
Conduct and complete the curriculum duly following child friendly and child
centered methods
Display of class wise time table showing the subject weightages and timings as
above.
Teaching learning as per the timetable.
Availability and display of teacher wise time table.
Maintenance of registers for alternative arrangement of teachers in case of teacher
on leave or absent.
Teacher preparation and correction of notebooks during leisure periods.
Teacher should posses one set of textbooks syllabus copies of all subjects taught
by him, training modules provided since last five years.
Teacher dairy reflecting planning and reflection
CCE register
Minimum required reference books, dictionaries, magazines, puzzles, Academic
Guidance Register etc.,
Effective utilization of lab equipment, computers, internet and other TLM
available in the school.
Duties of Headmasters
HM has to monitor the implementation of 220 working days and daily schedule /
time table with special reference to school assembly.
Alternative arrangements in case of teacher absenteeism
Effective utilization school library Maintenance of class wise issue register
Identification local artisans, artists and others for instructions in the concerned
areas.
Effective utilization of Computer and Internet facility.
Conduct of festivals, school days and other special programmes
Keeping the school clean and green and maintenance of plants and trees.

4. Guidelines on learning through discovery, exploration in a child friendly

and child centered way.
A separate teacher handbook is being developed on this item focusing on the
pedagogical issues.

24

5. Making the child free of fear, trauma and anxiety and helping the child to
express use freely.
Human child is blessed with immense potentialities and he / she is not a clean
slate. We are providing various opportunities to bring out the best in him or her. It is the
potential hidden in the child that has to be brought out. Children are inquisit, joyful and
gift of god. If a child does anything wrong it does not mean child is not disciplined.
Every type of punishment in the name of discipline leads to some scare in the mind from
conscious to unconscious and remain recorded in the mind. Punishment cannot solve any
problem only love can bring student and teacher together. Children should not branded as
who, un intelligent, criminal etc.,
Children face of learning is vary and differ from one other. Every individual is
different. Punishment abuse creates low self esteem among children. The teachers
professional duty is to understand them and their emotional problems and teat the child
love, affection. Appreciation gives emotional support to the child.
Understanding the children background and their issues need to be understood by
maintaining personal relationship and trusting the children. The teacher pupil
relationships are the basic to address the children issues. Need for unconditional
acceptance of a child for what he/she is is most important. Once an intimacy develops
and grows between the child and teachers the child feels free to share his/her problems.
This helps in reducing childrens stress and make them feel reassured.
The teachers beliefs system on the present practice of discipline and punishment
need to be addressed. Some teachers field functionaries and parents believe that
punishment and strict discipline keep the child in order. Children basically are inquisitive
and try to explore various things and never sit silently hour together in the classroom.
They learn through participation, engaging in the work, observations and much less from
listening and reading from the text especially at elementary stage. This type of pedagogy
gives space for children to engage in challenging tasks and solve the problems.
Children become restless, feel fear, tension and anxiety when they sit hours
together in the classroom without meaningful engagement in challenging tasks. There is
too much expectations on children performance from teachers and parents. The
examinations become memory oriented and insistence on fixed answers and it is very
difficult to memorize large text and reproduce as it is in the examinations. Which is
uncreative and meaningless and never involves thinking on the part of the children. The
curriculum which includes creative activities like Art Education, Drawing, Singing,
Games and Sports never implemented in the schools as expected. There is less scope for
children for interaction in the classrooms and express their ideas with freedom. Routine
copying from text and silent reading of question answers is the major activity found in
schools. Lack of trust, care and love.
Thus in many instances indiscipline is induced by teachers and school system
itself.

25

Most of the children at elementary stage lack basic competencies in literacy and
numerous do not participate in learning and this idleness creates lot of unrest and they
switched over to other activities are simply become irregular to the schools. Long study
hours and extended school timings and attending on holidays in most of the private
schools also makes children distressed and tension. Attending tuitions in the evening
hours in the place of paying games and sports with friends may leads to unrest and
uncreative.
Children have basic rights such as Right to survival, Right to protection, Right to
participation, Right to development.
As per RTE Act 2009 (17.1) no child shall be subjected to physical punishment
or mental harassment. When ever contravings the provisions of sub section (1) shall be
liable to disciplinary action under the service rules applicable such person.
Lot of discrimination is being practiced in the name of Caste, Gender which need
to be addressed and one should see that every child shall complete elementary education
with proper standards.
Though we no that there is no use that physical punishment and leads to several
serious consequences the teachers and parents practicing the punishment. Children do not
aware that the rights are not being protected. Though the punishment and abuse, causes
much pain and feeling the children are unable to complaint. Physical punishment never
leads to good outcomes. It does more harm then good. The tender minds leads to negative
impact. This leads to low self esteem and children understand that every problem will
solved through violence. This is how society is becoming violent through such
nourishment.
Following are the action point for making the child free of fear, trauma and
anxiety and helping the child to express views freely.
1.

Sensitization of teachers on the word discipline and how to engage children in

challenging tasks.

2.

Making schools as corporal punishment and child abuse free and declare

3.

Suggestion / complaint box must be placed in every school to understand children

problems and issues and keep them happy and joyful

4.

Corporal punishment monitoring cell may be establishment at mandal, district and

state level to visit the schools both and private and observe the anti child right
practices and for taking appropriate measures.

26

5.

Sensitization and awareness to the parents through SMCs and media on the
consequences on the practice of physical and mental punishments, discrimination,
abuses etc.

6.

SMC shall monitor the observation of child rights every school.

6. All round development of the child building up childs knowledge and

potentiality, talent and development of physical and mental abilities and
physical extent.
A separate teacher handbook is being developed on this item.

7. School Monitoring Committees (SMCs)

Role of SMCs:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Monitor the functional aspects of the school- children and teacher absenteeism
Prepare and monitor school Development Plan
Monitor the utilisation of the various grants
Monitor the quality of children learning performance. Conduct child performance
demo.
5. Monitor the norms and standards prescribed for the school.
6. Monitor the childrens entitlements mid day meals, uniforms, textbooks, notebooks,
writing material , other incentives being provided under RTE etc.,
Why SMCs are not happening regularly?
Improper timings, lack of interest among teachers, lack of in time intimation, lack of
welcoming nature..
How to attract parents to SMCs ?
Providing positive feedback on their children performance and offering warm welcome
to the parents and members personal invitation to parents displaying the children
products and works demonstration of childrens academic / cultural performance
convenient timings to the parents. preference to mother parent Information /
invitation through phones / letters / directly talk to the parents.- SMCs through cluster
level coordinator and self help group leaders. discussion in the staff meeting on the
proposed SMC and planning.
FREQUENCY OF MEETINGS
Monthly
PTA after BL, S1 & S2 (June, October, April)

27

How to make use of parent resource support to schools and learning:

- talk to children demo of artisan skills demo of life skills solve the
problems cultural skills story telling /folk arts substitute teachers from
parents
Agenda of the SMCS:
celebrating the achievements of the children parents reflection on performance
Parents must feel superior and get identity themselves demonstration of parent
resources / skills review on school activities and way forward review on
school development plan progress.- review on childrens entitlements review on
grants utilization problems , issues/proposals and support to school fixing
responsibilities and the time frame.
Recording of The Minutes And Passing Resolutions
A separate teacher handbook is being developed on this item based on the above
points.

8. School Development Plan

Areas for developing school development plan:
1. Enrolment:
status,
target,
gap, strategies
2. Attendance Retention:
status,
target,
gap, strategies
3. Quality : sub-wise
4. Infrastructure:
Classrooms
Toilets
Drinking water
Playground
Compound wall
Clean and green
Furniture
Facilities for differently able children
School safety
Sanitation
Health and Hygiene

28

5. TLM
Charts
Maps
A.V. Aids
Science equipment
6. School Library:
Books
Storage material
Issue of books
7. Teacher requirements
8. Utilization of the grants
9. Curriculum implementation
Syllabus completion, all curricular areas
Annual and unit plans
School calendar - SMC meetings, PTA meetings, Progress cards
distribution, school level competition, assessment dates, schools festivals
and annual day
Remedial /special trainings
Building up of academic resources
Capacity building and professional development of teachers.
10. Monitoring and reviewing of the SDP implementation
11. Innovations and appreciations
12. Financial resource mobilization
13. children entitlements: id day meals, textbooks, uniform etc.,
A separate teacher handbook is being developed on this item based on the above
points.

9. Monitoring and performance Reviews

A separate handbook for the Monitor Officers is being developed.

29