MAT 409 Partial Differential Equations

Solutions to 2nd Order Differential Equations

Two distinct real numbers for a. a1, a2
1.
y = Ae a1 x + Be a 2 x
One real number for a. a1 = a2
2.
y = Ae a1 x + Bxe a1 x
pair for a. a = b ci
3. Complex
bx
y = e ( A cos(cx ) + Bsin(cx ))
Full Fourier Series Expansion

nx

nx
1
f (x) = a0 + an cos +
bn sin , where L x L
L
L
2
n=1

nx

nx

1 L
1 L
f
(x)cos
dx
,
b
=
f (x)sin dx

n
L
L
L L
L L
Fourier Cosine Series Expansion
Fourier Sine Series

Expansion
nx

1
f (x) = a0 + an cos , where 0 x L

nx

2
L
n=1
f (x) = bn sin , where 0 x L
L
n=1
nx
2 L
an = f (x)cos dx

nx
2 L
L
L 0
bn = f (x)sin dx

L
L 0
an =

Double Summation
Legendre Polynomials
The solution
0 k, 0 , 0 2

nx my
The solution
u = An,m sin sin

L K
n=1 m=1
u = An n ( x )
The initial condition with f(x)
n=0

nx my
The initial condition with f(x)
f (x, y) = An,m sin sin

L K

n=1 m=1
f ( x) = An n ( x )
The constant

n=0
K L

The constant
2 2
nx
my
An,m =
f (x)sin sin

dxdy

2n +1 1
L K
LK 0 0

An k n =
1 f ( x)n ( x)dx
2

Double Summation & Bessel Function

The solution L L

aq
t
q r aq
n,i t
n
n
qn,i r
1
z = cos 0,i C 0,i J 0 n,i +
+
Dn,i sin J n
cos
C
n,i cos

L
L K
2 i=1
k
k n=1 i=1 K
The initial condition with f(r,)
aq
t
q r aq
n,it
n
n
qn,i r
1
f (r, ) = cos 0,i C 0,i J 0 n,i +
C
cos
+
D
sin

J
cos

n,i
L n,i L n K
2 i=1
k
k n=1 i=1 K

The constants
n
qn,i r
n
qn,i r
2 K L
2 K L
rf
r,
cos
J
ddr
rf
r,
sin

J ddr
(
)
(
)

n
0
L
L K
L n K
0 L
C =
Dn,i =
n,i
2
2
K 2 J n+1
K 2 J n+1
(qn,i )
(qn,i )