Question

6-19. Explain idle channel noise

Ans: Idle channel noise is noise when there is no input signal is analog and
the only sampler PAM is random , thermal noise . Then converted into a sample
PAM just as if it were a signal

6-21. Define companding

Ans : Companding is the process of compressing and then expanding. With
companded systems, the higher-amplitude analog signals are compressed
(amplified less than the lower-amplitude signals) prior to
transmission and then expanded (amplified more than the loweramplitude signals) in the receiver. Companding is means of improving
the dynamic range of a communications system.
6-22. What does the parameter determine?
Ans : The parameter determines the range of signal power in which
the SQR is relatively constant. Voice transmission requires a minimum
dynamic range of 40 dB and seven bit PCM code. For a relatively
constant SQR and a 40-dB dynamic range, a >= 100 is required. The
early Bell System PCM systems used a seven-bit code with a = 100.
However, the most recent PCM systems use an eight-bit code and a
=255.

Problem
6-17. Determine the dynamic range in dB for the following n-bit liniear sign-magnitude PCM codes: n =
7.8, 12, and 14.
Ans : becouse n > 4, so
DR = 6n
DR1 = 6 7.8 = 46.8 dBm or 48.2
DR2 = 6 12 = 72 or 72.2
DR3 = 6 14 = 84 or 84.3