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INFORMATION SECURITY
& ETHICAL HACKING
securing the digital age

Introduction to Information Security & DESKTOP & SERVER SECURITY  LAN Security
Ethical Hacking Setting up a LAN Network
 Windows Security. Threats of LAN
INTRODUCTION  Registries. Hacking MAC Address
 Ports and Services.
 Introduction to Data, Information, Network Scanners
 Vulnerabilities in Windows.
Knowledge, and Intelligence.  Hacking into Windows. Introduction to Wi-Fi LAN
 Security, and its need  Counter Measure & Securing Windows. Security
 Operating System Basics.  How to look for vulnerability?
 DBMS Basics  Deleted file recovery.  Firewall Security
 Data Communication Basics.  Introduction to LINUX.  Introduction to Firewalls
 Basics of “Computer networking”
 OSI model.  Working of a Firewall
MALWARES,LAN SECURITY,FIREWALL
 TCP/IP protocol suit.  Types of Firewall
SECURITY
 Networking devices.  Firewall Application
 Malwares
 Cyber Threats. Network Address
 VIRUS & Worm.
 An approach for ethical hacking. Translation
 Spy ware.
 Types of Hackers. Intrusion Detection
 Trojan
 Hackers Vs Crackers. Logging
 Bots.
 Anatomy of a Hacker  Port Filtering
 Logic Bombs
 Challenges for a hacker
 Counter Measures
 Don't Get Caught
O Ant viruses
 Case Studies of Cyber Crime.
O Anti Spy Ware

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INTERNET SECURITY ART OF GOOGLING AND DATA BACKUP

 Finding an IP Address  Art of Googling

 Anonymous Surfing  Terminologies
 Proxies Servers  Basic Search Techniques
 Transparent Proxies  Advanced Search Techniques
 Anonymous Proxies  Data Backup
 Free Proxy servers  Introduction.
 Email Hacking  Various Data Backup Strategies.
 How does Email work?
 Analysis of Email Headers PENETRATION TESTING AND CATCHING CRIMINALS
 Email Tracking  Penetration Testing
 IP Tracking using Email  Definition
 Microsoft Outlook Security  Methodology
 What is Spamming?  Basic Approaches
 Methods of Prevention  Catching Criminals
 Cyber Laws regarding Spamming  Cyber Terrorism
 Email Forging O Forms of Cyber Terrorism
 Detecting Forged Emails O Factors & Reasons
O Countermeasures
SCANNING, FINGERPRINTING,AND O Challenges
INFORMATION GATHERING  Honey Pots
 Daemon-Banner grabbing. O Definition
 Port Scanning. O Basic Approaches
 ICMP Scanning. O Research Honey Pots
 Active Fingerprinting. O Production Honey Pots
 Passive Fingerprinting.
 Attacking the System CRYPTOGRAPHY,STAGNOGRAPHY & CYBER FORENSICS
 Types of attacks
O Non Technical Attack (Social engineering Attack)
 Cryptography
 Definition
TECHNICAL ATTACKS & PASSWARD CRACKING
 Goals
 Technical Attacks
 Types Of Cryptography
 DOS Attacks O SKCS
O Ping of Death  DES
O Land attack O PKCS
O Smurf attack  RSA
O Tear drop attack O Hash Function
O Flood Attack  MD-5
O DOS Vs DDOS Attack  Digital Signature
 Input Validation Attack  Digital Certificate
 SQL injection Attack  Kerberos
 XSS Attack  Steganagraphy
 Buffer Overflow Attack  Cyber Forensics
 Key logger Attack  Introduction to Forensics
 Sniffing Attack  Digital Evidence
 Other types of High Level Attack  Requirements for Forensics
 Password Cracking/ Enumeration  Methodology
 Basic Approaches

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SECURITY AUDTING AND CYBER LAWS
 Audit Objectives
 Risk Analysis
 Auditing Steps
 Previous Check
 Planning & Organization
 Network Control - Policies
 Network Ctrl - Hardware / Software
 Network Data Standards and Data Access
 Hardware and Software Backup and Recovery
 Software Communications
 Access to Network Operating Systems Software and
Facilities
 Data Encryption and Filtering
 Internet Applications
 Password Protection
 Security Trends
 Latest Security trends

MOBILE SECURITY
 What is Mobile?
 Architecture of Mobile communication.
 Technology of Mobile Communication.
 Mobile Phone Standrads.
 GSM.
O Advantages & Disadvantages of GSM.
 CDMA.
O Advantages & Disadvantages of CDMA.
 Mobile Generation.
 Protocols used in Mobile.
 SIM.
 What is SIM?
 How SIM works.
 Services of SIM.
O SMS.
O MMS.
O WAP.
O GPRS.
 Problems in Mobile Communication

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 appin NETWORK
®

SECURITY
securing the digital age

NETWORK SECURITY
VOIP VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK SECURITY
 Voice over IP (VoIP).
 Definition & Trends.  Introduction1
 Services.  Application & Requirements of VPN.
 Types of VoIP.  Tunneling Mechanism
 Components of VoIP.  VPN Tunneling.
 IP Telephony &IP Paging.  Tunneling Protocols.
 VPN Types.
 What IP Telephony brings for IP Paging?
 Virtual Leased Line.
 VoIP Technology available for Paging &
 Virtual Private Routed Networks.
Intercom.  Virtual Private Dial Networks.
O Different types of VoIP.  Virtual Private LAN Segments.
 VoIP Clients.  Open VPN.
 Protocols & Acronyms.  Models of VPN.
 Reasons for VoIP.  IPSec VPN
 Skype.37-40  VPN Step by Step Security Framework
 VoIP Security Scenario.  VPN Security Issues
 VPN Simplified
 How do we secure VoIP?
 VPN Tools and related threats
 Secure The Devices.  Other VPN Threats
 N/W Segregation.  Countermeasures
 Encrypt The Traffic.  VPN related topics: WLAN
 Intrusion Detection.
 Summary of VoIP Security.

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WIRELESS LAN  Services Provided by Router
 Introduction of Wireless LAN  Different types of NAT
 Basics of Wireless LAN.  Full Cone NAT, Restricted cone NAT
 Components of Wireless LAN.  Port Restricted cone NAT
 Types of Wireless LAN.  Symmetric NAT
 Setting of Wireless LAN.  NAPT Services
 Detection of Wireless LAN.  ADSL Details
 How to access Wireless LAN?  Trouble Shooting
 Advantages & Disadvantages of Wireless LAN.  Routing Table Problems
 Antennas.  Various types of Attacks
 SSID  Securing the Routers
 Access Point Positioning.
 Rogue Access Point. IDS & IPS
 Tools.  Introduction
 Detection.  What is an Intrusion?
 Wired Equivalent Privacy.  Intrusion Detection
 Tools.  Intrusion Detection System(IDS)
 Related Technology.  Need of an IDS
 Detection of MAC Spoofing.  Components of an Intrusion Detection System
 DOS Attack  Types of Intrusion Detection Systems
 Man in the Middle Attack. (MITM)  Network Based Intrusion Detection Systems
 Scanning Tools.  Host Based Intrusion Detection Systems
 Sniffing Tools.  Host Based Intrusion Detection Systems
 Multiuse Tool.  What is not an IDS?
 WinPcap Tool.  Detection Methodologies
 Auditing Tools.  Signature-based Detection
 Wireless Intrusion Detection System.  Limitations of Signature-based Detection
 Securing Wireless Network.  Anomaly-based Detection
 Limitation of Anomaly-based Detection System
ROUTER SECURITY  Stateful protocol analysis based
 What is Router?  Factors Determining the Effectiveness of an IDS
 Static and Dynamic Routers  Various Tools Available
 Work to Router  Conclusion
 Keeping the Messages Moving  Introduction to IPS
 Directing Traffic  What is an Intrusion Prevention System?
 Transmitting Packets  Need for having an IPS
 Knowing Where to Send Data  Types of IPS
 MAC Addresses  Host Based Intrusion Prevention system
 Understanding the Protocols  Limitation of Host Based Intrusion Prevention system
 Tracing a Message  Network Based IPS
 Denial of Service Attacks  Counter Measures taken by an IPS
 Configuration of Router  Session Sniping
 Essential Configuration of a Router  Packet Filtering & Packet Scrubbing
 Protocols on a Router  IP Blocking & Deception
 RFC1483, Architecture  Risks Involved
 Handshake Protocols  Conclusion

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ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AND PENETRATION TESTING
 Introduction: What is Access Control  Vulnerability Assessment
 Access Control in Physical Security  Vulnerabilities
 Access Control in Information Security  Scope of Vulnerability Assessment
 Need of an Access Control System  Tools used for Vulnerability Tests
 Some Concepts Related to Access Control  Types of Vulnerability Assessment
 The Essential Services provided by Access Control Systems  Network Based Vulnerability Assessment
 Access Control Polices  Host Based Vulnerability Assessment
 Discretionary Access Control(DAC)  Application Level Vulnerability Assessment
 Limitations of Discretionary Access Control  Vulnerability Assessment Vs Risk Assessment
 Non-Discretionary Access Control  Penetration Testing
 Mandatory Access Control(MAC)  Scope of Penetration Testing
 Role-based Access Control  Information Gathering
 Temporal Constraints  Footprinting/Fingerprinting
 Workflow  Network Surveying
 Architecture of a Work Flow Management System(WFMS)  Port Scanning and Services Identification
 Architecture of a WFMS  Evading Firewall Rules
 Chinese Wall  Automated Vulnerability Scanning
 Access Contril in Telecommunication  Exploiting Services for Know Vulnerabilities
 Access Policy  Password cracking or Brute Forcing
 Who defines the Access Policy? Denial of Service(DoS) Testing
 Access Policy  Escalation of Privileges
 Classification of Access Policies  Tools Used
 Introduction to Backdoors
E-MAIL SECURITY  Define: Backdoor
 Introduction  How does a Backdoor works?
 History of E-mail  Protocols used by Backdoor
 How E-mail Works?  Files used by Backdoor
 Modern E-mail Networks  Developing a Rootkit
 Various Mail Servers  How Listening and Handshaking take place?
 E-mail Protocols  Counter Measures
 How to steal Data from an E-mail  How to avoid a Trojan Infection?
 Social Engineering  Introduction: Buffer Overflow
 Security Vulnerability  Stack-Based Overflows
 Keyloggers  Example Source Code
 E-mail Exchange Server Security  Introduction: Buffer Overflow
 Relay Restrictions  Exploitation
 Virus Protection
 RPC over HTTP Advanced level registry and code security
 Protecting front-end Servers
 Keep Exchange Server up-to-date

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appin
securing the digital age
®

LA ISO 27001
(ISMS)
INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION
SECURITY AUDITING
MANAGING SECURITY AWARENESS
 ISO 27001
 Information security management system  Return On Investment
 What is Information Security
 ISMS  Return On Investment
 History of ISO 27001
 ISMS implementation  Where to invest first
 Standards and International Organization for
 Management security  Security Policies
Standardization
 Managing Security Awareness  Training and Awareness
 BS7799 / ISO 1799
 Need for Security Management  System Administration
 ISO 27001
 Impact of a sound Security Management  Establish Effective Security Configurations
 Domain of BS 7799-1
System  Maintain Software
 Improvement in ISO 27001 over BS 7799
 Security awareness usually fails, WHY?  Detect Security Breaches
 Control objective and controls in iso 27001
 ISO 27001 certification  Respond intelligently to incidents
 Selection and Implementation of Controls
 ISO 27001 certification  Security Evaluations
 Developing and Adopting Policies
 Role of auditiors
 Mandatory requirments
 Marketing ISO 27001 to Senior Management
 Information security management system
 Preparing for Certification
 Management responsibility
 Compliance accreditation and certification
 Management Review of the ISMS
 ISMS Improvement
 The 6-step process for Certification www.appinonline.com

 Business continuity
RISK ASSESSMENT, BUSINESS
CONTINITY AND DISASTER
 Risk assessment
 What is Risk
 What is Risk Assessment
 Kind of Risk
 Stage of Risk Assessment
 Approaches To Risk Assessment
O Qualitative Risk Assessment
O Quantitative Risk Assessment
 Popular methodologies for Risk Assessment
ISMS AUDITS AND METHODOLOGY
 Business Continuity Planning
 Disasters
 Types of Disasters
 On the basis of area affected
O Local site disasters
O Site disaster - encompass the whole
building
O Area disaster - cover the whole
area/vicinity
 On the basis of the cause of origin
 Elements of a good Business Continuity Plan
 Building a Business Continuity Plan
O Assess Business Requirements
O Identify the IT requirements
O Building the Backup/recovery solution
O Select products to match the design of
the solution
O Implement the solution
O Keep the solution up-to-date
 Audit concepts
 Audit fundamentals
 Audit management standard
 Types of Audits
 Audit planning
 Audit Execution
 Audit reporting
 Audit follow-up
SECURITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND FRAMEWORK
 Security Management Practices
 The Big Three : CIA
 Security Management Practices
 Identification of Assets
 Determining Valu of Assets
 Threats on Assets
 Risk Management
 Principles of Risk Management
 Safeguard Selection
 Data Classification
 Classification Criteria
 Information Classification Procedure
 Assets Protection & Approving Security Changes.
 Monitoring Security Of the Networks
Security Frameworks
 What is Security
 What about Adequate Security?
What is required for Adequate Security?
 Aspects of Security
 Framework 1 : Defense in Depth (DID)
 Secure Environment
 Framework 2 : OCTAVE
 Framework 3 : Security Risk Analysis
 Framework 4 : Threat Modeling
 Stride
 Dread
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securing the digital age

Cyber Forensic

Cyber Forensic Legal Perspective: Searching for

=Basic of cyber Forensic and Seizing Information
=Introduction =Introduction

=Definition =Information as contraband

=Need Of Cyber Forensic =Information as an Instrumentality

=Principles of cyber forensic =Information as Evidence

=Cyber Crimes =Privileged Confidential Information

=Where and when do you use Cyber =Understanding where the evidence
Forensics might be: Stand-Alone PCs, Networks
and File-server, backup, Electronic
Cyber Laws Bulletin Boards, and Electronic Mail
=What is cyber laws =Searching for Information

=Need of cyber laws =Deciding whether to conduct the

=Internet laws search On-Site or to remove hardware
=Cyber stalking to another location
=Indian laws

=U.S. A. Laws Cyber Investigation Methodology

=Introduction to Cyber Investigation

Preservation documentation =Investigation

=I n t e r p r e t a t i o n or analysis =Issues involved in investigations.

documentation =How to secure your investigations

=Communication =Steps for cyber investigation

=P r o c e d u r e s for Computer =Identification documentation

Evidence Seizure =Collection or extraction documentation

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 Concept of File Systems and Hard Steganography
Disks =Definition

=Types of Hard Disk Interfaces EFS Key =Ty p e s of Steganography and

=FAT vs. NTFS Steganalysis
=Windows Boot Process (XP/2003) =Steganography vs. Cryptography

=Windows based Forensic =Introduction to Stego-Forensics

=Linux based Forensic =Steganography vs. Watermarking

Basic Forensics Tools =Steganography Tools

Crime scene Management Recovering of Deleted Files and

=C r i m e Profiling Crime Scene deleted partitions
Management =Recovering deleted files from
=Live System Data Gathering (Windows) computer
=Deleting Files

Digital Evidences =Files deleted into windows

=What is Digital Evidences =Storage locations of recycle bin in

=How to identify digital evidence NTFS and FAT system
=How to treat digital evidences =Recycle Bin Working

=How to secure digital evidence =Damaged files in recycled folder

=E vidence acquisition and =R e c o v e r i n g encrypted files

Documentation (Decryption) e.g (MS Office, Rar, etc.)
=Tools to recover deleted files

Data Imaging and Imaging =Recovering deleted files from Deleted

Forensics Partition
=Computer hard disk imaging =Recovering Deleted partitions

=Terminology =Deletion of partitions

=Removable disks like pen drives, =Recovery of deleted partitions

CD/DVD, Removable hard disks =Tools

=Advanced techniques of data imaging

=First Response Kit Introduction to mobile and PDA
=Image File Formats forensics
=Encryption =Recovering deleted call records, sms
=Compression etc from mobile phones
=Encoding =PDA forensics

= Image File Forensics Tools

Web Application Attacks
Password Cracking Investigation
=Brute Force Attack =Types of Web Attacks
=SQL Injection Attack
=Dictionary Attack
=Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
=RAR Password Crackers =Other Web Application Attack
=Tools for Investigation
=Password Guessing
=CMOS Level Password Cracking
=Pdf Password Crackers
=Password Cracking Tools
=Common Recommendations for
Improving Password Security
=Standard Password Advice

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Network Attacks Investigation Trademark and Copyright
=Network Addressing Schemes Infringement Issue
=Sniffer =Characteristics of Trademarks
=Tool: Tcpdump =Copyright
=Network Sniffer =Copyright Infringement:
=HTTP Sniffer =Patent
=EtherDetect Packet Sniffer
=Ethereal
=IDS/IPS Log
Report Generation
= Importance of Reports
=Honey Pot Log
=Report Requirements
Honey Net Log
=Forensic Report
=Things to remember
Digital Storage Devices =Case Studies and references
=Magnetic Tape
=Floppy Disk
=Compact Disk
=CD-ROM
=DVD
=DVD-R, DVD+R, and DVD+R(W)
=DVD-RW, DVD+RW
=HD-DVD (High Definition DVD)
=HD-DVD
=CD Vs DVD Vs Blu-Ray
=HD-DVD vs. Blu-Ray
=iPod
=Flash Memory Cards
=Secure Digital (SD) Memory Card
=Compact Flash (CF) Memory Card
=Memory Stick (MS) Memory Card
=Multi Media Memory Card (MMC)
=xD-Picture Card (xD)
=Smart Media Memory (SM) Card
=USB Flash Drives
=USB Flash in a Pen

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appin ®
securing the digital age
Overview of Threats and Risks
O Physical threats
O Electronic threats
O The Threat Equation
O Handling risks in software
Types of Attacks and Attackers
Secure Programming Concepts and
Principles
O Designing for security
O Threat modeling
 How to decompose a system
 How to develop and use Threat
Trees
O How much effort should be spent on
protecting information?
O Why deploying redundant security
measures is appropriate (practicing
"defense in depth")
O Planning for if/when code fails it
does so in a secure manner
O Executing code with the minimum
rights needed to function properly
(the principle of "least privilege")
O Does security though hiding
implementation details work
("security through obscurity")?
O Remaining alert and staying aware
Stride Model
O Spoofing Identity
O Tempering With Data
O Repudiation
O Information Disclosure
O Denial of Service
O Escalation of Privileges
SECURED
PROGRAMMING
Secure Programming Issues and Techniques
O Implementing authentication
 Username/password
 Biometrics
 Digital Certificates
 Commonly used systems such as X.509
Certificate Authentication, Kerberos,
Microsoft Passport, etc.
O Authorization
 Using Access Control Lists (ACLs)
O Implementing encryption
O Using auditing in applications
O Denial of service attacks and techniques
for increasing availability
Common Methods of Attack and How to
Prevent Them
O Buffer overflows
 Protecting against buffer overflows
 Avoiding dangerous calls
O Malicious input
 Input issues and trust boundaries
 Treating all input as
malicious and always validating it
O Race conditions
 Avoiding deadlocks
 Avoiding TOCTOU (Time of Change/
Time of Use) race conditions
 Remedies
O Spoofing
 Spoofing types and defenses
Secure Programming Do's and Don'ts
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securing the digital age

Security Testing
Guidelines for “Dot net” secured programming
O Fundamental differences from
O Introduction
functional testing
O General Types of attacks can be possible
O The most common security flaws
O Architectural Principle
O Using code coverage as a metric
O Design Ideas
O Using threat coverage as a metric
O Language Specific Tips
O How to assess the vulnerability of your
system
O How to assess the vulnerability of your
Guidelines for “Database” secured programming
O Introduction
own code
O General Types of attacks can be possible
O How to assess the vulnerability of
commercial products such as databases, O Architectural Principle
communication packages, server O Design Ideas
software, operating systems O Language Specific Tips

Guidelines for “C” secured programming Source Level Security Auditing Tools
O Introduction
O General Types of attacks can be possible
O Architectural Principle
O Design Ideas
O Language Specific Tips

Guidelines for “C++” secured programming

O Introduction
O General Types of attacks can be possible
O Architectural Principle
O Design Ideas
O Language Specific Tips

Guidelines for “Java” secured programming

O Introduction
O General Types of attacks can be possible
O Architectural Principle
O Design Ideas
O Language Specific Tips

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appin ®

securing the digital age

Cryptography

Course Details

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2. Basics Of Encryption
Encryption Building Blocks
=Stream Ciphers
=Block Ciphers
How Crypto Systems Fail
=Cryptanalysis and Modern Codes
=Brute Force Cracking of Secret Keys
=Attacks on Improper Crypto Use
Choosing Between Strong and Weak Crypto
=Properties of Good Crypto Algorithms
=Crypto Algorithms to Consider
=Selecting a Block Cipher Mode
=Identifying a Safe Key Length
=Levels of Risk for Different Applications
5. Security at the IP Layer
Basic Issues with Using IPSEC
Technology: Cryptographic Checksums
One-way Hash Functions
Technical Security Requirements
IPSEC: IP Security Protocol
IPSEC Authentication
IPSEC Encryption
IPSEC Key Management
Other TCP/IP Network Security Protocols
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Cryptography
1. Introduction
Essentials of Crypto
= Crypto is Hard to Use
= Balancing Crypto Use with Your Objectives
Essentials of Networking and the Internet
=Protocol Layers and Network Products
=Internet Technology
=Internet Protocols in Your Host
=The Internet Security Problem
=An Internet Rogue's Gallery
Cryptographic Techniques
=Classical Crypto Techniques
=Modern Crypto Techniques
Legal Restrictions
3. Link Encryption
Security Objectives
Product Example: In-line Encryptor
Red/Black Separation
Crypto Algorithm and Keying
Encryptor Vulnerabilities
Product Security Requirements
Key Recovery and Escrowed Encryption
4 .Management of Secret Keys
Basic Issues in Secret Key Management
Technology: Random Key Generation
Random Seeding
Pseudorandom Number Generators
Technical Security Requirements
Key Distribution Centers (KDCs)
Maintaining Keys and System Security
6. Virtual Private Networks
Security Objectives
10. Secured Electronic Mail
Basic Issues with VPNs
E-Mail Security
Technology: IPSEC Proxy Cryptography
Basics of Internet Electronic Mail
=ESP Tunnel Mode
=Internet E-Mail Software Architecture
=ESP Transport Mode
=E-Mail Security Problems

Technology: Off-line Message Keying

7. IPSEC and Firewalls
=Encryption Tokens
Basic Issues with IPSEC Clients and Firewalls
=Technical Security Requirements
Internet Firewalls
Technology: Digital Signatures
=What Firewalls Control
=Attacks on Digital Signatures
=How Firewalls Control Access
=The Digital Signature Standard
=Firewall Control Mechanisms
=Technical Security Requirements
Product Example: IPSEC Firewall
E-Mail Deployment
=Administering Multiple Sites

=Product Security Requirements

11. Public Key Certificates
Security Objectives
8. Public Key Cryptography and SSL
Distributing Public Keys
Public Key Cryptography
Technology: Public Key Certificates
=Evolution of Public Key Crypto
=Generating Public Key Pairs
=Diffie-Hellman Public Key Technique
=Certificate Revocation
=Brute Force Attacks on RSA
=Certification Authority Workstation
=Other RSA Vulnerabilities
=Technical Security Requirements
=Technical Security Requirements
Certificate Distribution
Technology: Secret Key Exchange with RSA Crypto
=Transparent Distribution
=Attacking Public Key Distribution
=Interactive Distribution
=Public Key versus Secret Key Exchange
Centralized Certification Authority
=Technical Security Requirements
=Netscape Server Authentication
=Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
=Handling Multiple Certification Authorities
=Other SSL Properties
Hierarchical Certification Authority
=Basic Attacks Against SSL
=PEM Internet Certification Hierarchy
=SSL Security Evolution
=Private Trees

PGP "Web of Trust”

9. World Wide Web Transaction Security
Issues in Internet Transaction Security

Transactions on the World Wide Web

=Transactions with Web Forms

=Web Form Security Services

Security Alternatives for Web Forms

=Password Protection

=Network-level Security (IPSEC)

=Transport-level Security (SSL)

=Application-level Security (SHTTP)

=Client Authentication Alternatives

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