&,7$d2PHQomRQRWH[WRGHXPDLQIRUPDomRH[WUDtGDGHRXWUDIRQWH1%5

S

8VDVHFLWDomRSDUD

'DUFUHGLELOLGDGHDRWUDEDOKRFLHQWtILFR

)RUQHFHULQIRUPDo}HVDUHVSHLWRGRVWUDEDOKRVGHVHQYROYLGRVQDiUHDGH

SHVTXLVD

)RUQHFHUH[HPSORVGHSRQWRVGHYLVWDVHPHOKDQWHVRXGLYHUJHQWHVVREUHRDVVXQWRREMHWRGH
VXDSHVTXLVD

4XDQGRDWULEXLUFUpGLWRjIRQWHFRQVXOWDGD"

4XDQGRXVDPRVSDODYUDVRXLGpLDVH[WUDtGDVGH

OLYURVUHYLVWDVUHODWyULRVSURJUDPDVGH79

ILOPHVFDUWDVSiJLQDVZHEHPDLOOLVWDVGHGLVFXVVmRHWF

,QIRUPDo}HVH[WUDtGDVGHHQWUHYLVWDVSDOHVWUDV

&ySLDH[DWDGHXPSDUiJUDIRRXIUDVHVGLDJUDPDVPDSDVHWF

4
4XDQGRQmRSUHFLVDPRVDWULEXLUFUpGLWR"

6XDVSUySULDVSDODYUDVRXLGpLDV

&RQKHFLPHQWR&RPXP

LQIRUPDo}HVFRQWLGDVHP(QFLFORSpGLDVGLFLRQiULRVHWF

2EVHUYDo}HVGRVHQVRFRPXP

,QIRUPDo}HVKLVWyULFDVGHFRQKHFLPHQWRS~EOLFR

([*HWXOLR9DUJDVVXLFLGRXVHHP

1RWLFLDVSXEOLFDGDHPUHYLVWDVRXMRUQDLV

([/XL],QiFLR/XODGD6LOYDIRLHOHLWRSUHVLGHQWHGR%UDVLO



35,1&,3$,6)250$6'(&,7$d2

'LUHWD,QGLUHWDHRXWUDVIRUPDVGHFLWDomR

&LWDomR'LUHWD

eDWUDQVFULomRRXFySLDGHXPSDUiJUDIRXPDIUDVHRXXPDH[SUHVVmRXVDQGRH[DWDPHQWHDV
PHVPDVSDODYUDVXVDGDVSHORDXWRUGRWUDEDOKRFRQVXOWDGR1HVVHFDVRUHSHWHVHSDODYUDSRU
SDODYUDHHVWDVGHYHPYLUREULJDWRULDPHQWHHQWUHDVSDVGXSODVRXFRPGHVWDTXHJUiILFR
VHJXLGDVGDLQGLFDomRGDIRQWHFRQVXOWDGD

&LWDomR,QGLUHWDRX3DUiIUDVH

eDWUDQVFULomRGDVLGpLDVGHXPDXWRUXVDQGRVXDVSUySULDVSDODYUDV$RFRQWUiULRGDFLWDomR
GLUHWDDFLWDomRLQGLUHWDGHYHVHUHQFRUDMDGDSRLVpDPDQHLUDTXHRSHVTXLVDGRUWHPGHOHU
FRPSUHHQGHUHJHUDUFRQKHFLPHQWRDSDUWLUGRFRQKHFLPHQWRGHRXWURVDXWRUHV

'
'LFDVSDUDVHID]HUXPDFLWDomRLQGLUHWD

D/HLDHUHOHLDRWH[WRRULJLQDODWpTXHVHMDFDSD]GHUHHVFUHYrORFRPVXDVSUySULDV
SDODYUDV
E1mRXVHDVSDVQDVFLWDo}HVLQGLUHWDVSDUiIUDVHV
F$QRWHRVGDGRVUHIHUHQWHVDIRQWHVREUHQRPHGRDXWRUVHJXLGRGRDQRGHSXEOLFDomR
GDREUD
G&RQILUDDFLWDomR
H)DoDDUHIHUrQFLDQRILQDOGRWUDEDOKR

&LWDomR'LUHWD

5HJUDV*HUDLVSDUDDSUHVHQWDomR1%5

D&LWDo}HVFRPDWpWUrVOLQKDVGHYHPVHULQVHULGDVHQWUHDVSDVGXSODVQRWH[WR$V
DVSDVVLPSOHVVmRXWLOL]DGDVSDUDLQGLFDUFLWDomRGHQWURGHFLWDomR

E&
&LWDo}HVFRPPDLVGHWUrVOLQKDVGHYHPVHUGHVWDFDGDVFRPU
UHFXRGHFPRXYLQWHH
RLWRWRTXHVGDPDUJHPHVTXHUGDFRPXPWLSRGHOHWUDPHQRUGRTXHDXWLOL]DGDQRWH[WRVHPDV
DVSDVHFRPHVSDoDPHQWRVLPSOHV1%5S

6
6XSUHVV}HVLQGLFDPLQWHUUXSomRRXRPLVVmRGDFLWDomRVHPDOWHUDURVHQWLGRGRWH[WR6mR

LQGLFDGDVSHORXVRGHUHWLFrQFLDVHQWUHFROFKHWHVQRLQtFLRPHLRRXILQDOGDFLWDomR>@

,QWHUSRODo}HVDFUpVFLPRVRXFRPHQWiULRVLQVHULGRVHPFLWDo}HVVmRLQGLFDGRVHQWUH

FROFKHWHV>@QRLQLFLRPHLRRXILQDOGDFLWDomR

'HVWDTXH$VSDODYUDVRXH[SUHVV}HVGHVWDFDGDVQRWH[WRGHYHPVHUVHJXLGDVGHXPDGDV

H[SUHVV}HVVHPJULIRQRRULJLQDOJULIRPHXRXJULIRQRVVRLQVHULGDVDSyVDLQGLFDomRGD
UHIHUrQFLDGDFLWDomR

,QFRUUHo}HVHLQFRHUrQFLDVQRWH[WRVmRLQGLFDGDVSHODH[SUHVVmR>VLF@LLPHGLDWDPHQWH

DSyVDVXDRFRUUrQFLD$H[SUHVVmRVLFVLJQLILFDDVVLPPHVPRLVWRpHVWDYDDVVLPQRWH[WR
RULJLQDOQRLQLFLRPHLRRXILQDOGDFLWDomR

'~YLGDV3DUDLQGLFDUG~YLGDXVDVHSRQWRGHLQWHUURJDomRHQWUHFROFKHWHVDSyVRTXHVH

GHVHMDTXHVWLRQDU>"@

QIDVH3DUDGDUrQIDVHLQGLFDUHVSDQWRDGPLUDomRXVDVHSRQWRGHH[FODPDomRHQWUH

FROFKHWHVDSyVRTXHVHGHVHMDHQIDWL]DU>@



2XWUDVIRUPDVGHFLWDomR

&LWDomRGHFLWDomR

,QIRUPDomR2UDO

7UDEDOKRVHPIDVHGHHODERUDomRRXQmRSXEOLFDGRV

&LWDomRHPOtQJXDHVWUDQJHLUD

7UDGXomR

&LWDomRGHFLWDomRe
eDFLWDomRGHXPWH[WRTXHWLYHPRVDFHVVRDSDUWLUGHRXWUR
GRFXPHQWR

([HPSORV
1RWH[WR

/HHG\DSXG5,&+$5'621SFRPSDUWLOKDGHVWHSRQWRGHYLVWDDR

DILUPDURVHVWXGDQWHVHVWmRHQJDQDGRVTXDQGRDFUHGLWDPTXHHOHVHVWmRID]HQGR
SHVTXLVDTXDQGRGHIDWRHOHVHVWmRDSHQDVWUDQVIHULQGRLQIRUPDomRIDFWXDO>@

1RURGDSp)D]VHDUHIHUrQFLDGRDXWRUFLWDGRRSFLRQDO

1DOLVWDGHUHIHUrQFLDV)D]VHDUHIHUrQFLDGRGRFXPHQWRFRQVXOWDGRFRQIRUPHD1%5


,QIRUPDomRYHUEDORVGDGRVREWLGRVSRUPHLRGHSDOHVWUDVHQWUHYLVWDVGHEDWHVHWFGHYH

VHLQGLFDUHQWUHSDUrQWHVHVQRWH[WRDH[SUHVVmRLQIRUPDomRYHUEDO'DGRVGLVSRQtYHLVVREUHD
IRQWHGHYHVHPHQFLRQDUDSHQDVHPQRWDGHURGDSp1mRLQFOXLUDIRQWHHPOLVWDVGHUHIHUrQFLDV

7UDEDOKRVHPIDVHGHHODERUDomRRXQmRSXEOLFDGRV8VDUDH[SUHVVmRHPIDVHGH
HODERUDomRRXQRSUHORRXQmRSXEOLFDGDHQWUHSDUrQWHVHVQRWH[WR0HQFLRQDURVGDGRV
GLVSRQtYHLVVREUHDIRQWHDSHQDVHPQRWDGHURGDSp1mRLQFOXLUDIRQWHHPOLVWDVGH
UHIHUrQFLDV

&LWDomRHPOtQJXDHVWUDQJHLUD4XDQGRID]HPRVXPDFLWDomRHPLGLRPDHVWUDQJHLUR
RULJLQDOID]VHXPDFLWDomRGLUHWD1HVVHFDVRLQGLFDVHDWUDGXomRHPQRWDGHURGDSp

7UDGXomR4XDQGRRWH[WRFLWDGRIRUWUDGX]LGRID]VHXPDFLWDomRLQGLUHWDVHJXLGRGD
H[SUHVVmRWUDGXomRQRVVD([HPSOR%(/.,1WUDGXomRQRVVD

6,67(0$6'(&+$0$'$1XPpULFRH$XWRUGDWD

6LVWHPD1XPpULFRDVFLWDo}HVGHYHPWHUXPDQXPHUDomR~QLFDHFRQVHFXWLYDFRORFDGDV

DFLPDGRWH[WRHPH[SRHQWHRXHQWUHSDUrQWHVHV

([HPSOR

1RWH[WRID]HQGRXPUHODWyULRFRPDOJXPDVQRWDVGHURGDSp

1RWH[WR6HJXQGR0F*UHJRUID]HQGRXPUHODWyULRFRPDOJXPDVQRWDVGHURGDSp

(PQRWDGHURGDSp0F*UHJRUS

6LVWHPD$XWRUGDWDLQGLFDVHDIRQWHSHORVREUHQRPHGRDXWRUQRPHGDLQVWLWXLomR

UHVSRQViYHORXSHORWtWXORVHJXLGRGDGDWDGHSXEOLFDomRGRGRFXPHQWRVHSDUDGRVSRUYtUJXODH
HQWUHSDUrQWHVHVFLWDomRLQGLUHWD3DUDDVFLWDo}HVGLUHWDVLQFOXLVHDLQGLFDomRGHSiJLQD
1%5S

([HPSOR

D&LWDomRGLUHWDID]HQGRXPUHODWyULRFRPDOJXPDVQRWDVGHURGDSp0&*5(*25

S

E&LWDomRLQGLUHWD1HVWHWH[WRRSDSHOGRELEOLRWHFiULRJDQKDLPSRUWkQFLDFRPRHGXFDGRU
'8'=,$.*$%5,(/9,//(/$

5HJUDVJHUDLVGHDSUHVHQWDomR

$VLQGLFDo}HVGHDXWRULDLQFOXtGRVQRWH[WRGHYHPVHUIHLWDVHPOHWUDVPDL~VFXODVH

PLQ~VFXODVLQGLFDQGRVHDGDWDHSiJLQDVHQWUHSDUrQWHVHV

8PDXWRU6HJXQGR0RUDHV

'RLVDXWRUHV6HJXQGR0RUDHVH6RX]D

7UrVDXWRUHV'XG]LDN*DEULHOH9LOOHOD

0DLVGHWUrVDXWRUHV%HONLQHWDOS

$VLQGLFDo}HVGHDXWRULDHQWUHSDUrQWHVHVGHYHPYLUHPOHWUDVPDL~VFXODVVHJXLGDVGD

GDWDHSiJLQDV

8PDXWRU0&*5(*25S

'RLVDXWRUHV025$(6628=$

7UrVDXWRUHV'8'=,$.*$%5,(/9,//(/$

,QGLFDo}HVGHDXWRUHVGLIHUHQWHVFRPRPHVPRVREUHQRPHHPHVPDGDWDGHSXEOLFDomR


(BARBOSA, C., 1958) (BARBOSA, O., 1958)

E%$5%26$&iVVLR%$5%26$&HOVR

'LYHUVRVGRFXPHQWRVGHXPPHVPRDXWRUSXEOLFDGRVQRPHVPRDQRVmRGLIHUHQFLDGRV
SHORDFUpVFLPRGHOHWUDVPLQ~VFXODVDSyVDGDWDHVSDoDPHQWR5((6,'(D5((6,'(
E

'LYHUVRVGRFXPHQWRVGHXPPHVPRDXWRUSXEOLFDGRVHPDQRVGLIHUHQWHVHPHQFLRQDGRV

VLPXOWDQHDPHQWHWrPVXDVGDWDVVHSDUDGDVSRUYLUJXOD

([HPSOR.XKOWKDXDEF

'
'LYHUVRVGRFXPHQWRVGHDXWRUHVGLIHUHQWHV'HYHPVHUVHSDUDGRVSRUSRQWRHYLUJXODHP

RUGHPDOIDEpWLFDHQWUHSDUrQWHVHVRXSRUYLUJXODHHQDIyUPXODWH[WXDOVHJXLGRVGDVUHVSHFWLYDV

GDWDGHSXEOLFDomR

([HPSORV)216(&$3$,9$6,/9$



)RQVHFD3DLYDH6LOYD

1RWD

1DVFLWDo}HVDVHQWUDGDVSHORVREUHQRPHGRDXWRUSHOD,QVWLWXLomRUHVSRQViYHORXSHORWtWXOR
LQFOXtGRQRWH[WRGHYHPVHUHPOHWUDVPDL~VFXODVHPLQ~VFXODVHTXDQGRHVWLYHUHPHQWUHSDUrQWHVH
GHYHPVHUHPOHWUDVPDL~VFXODV1%5S

1RWH[WR$&RPLVVmRGDV&RPXQLGDGHV(XURSpLDV

(QWUH3DUrQWHVHV&20,662'$6&2081,'$'(6(8523e,$6

5HFRPHQGDo}HV

$1%5SUHFRPHQGDXWLOL]DURVLVWHPDDXWRUGDWDSDUDDV
FLWDo}HVQRWH[WRHRVLVWHPDQXPpULFRSDUDQRWDVH[SOLFDWLYDV

2XVRGRSRQWRILQDODSyVDVFLWDo}HVGHYHDWHQGHUDVUHJUDVJUDPDWLFDLV1%5

S

127$6'(52'$3e

/RFDOL]DPVHQDPDUJHPLQIHULRUGDPHVPDSiJLQD

6HSDUDGDVGRWH[WRSRUXPWUDoRFRQWtQXRGHFP

'LJLWDGDVHPHVSDoRVLPSOHVHIRQWHPHQRUGRTXHDXVDGDSDUDRWH[WR

6XDQXPHUDomRpIHLWDHPDOJDULVPRVDUiELFRVHVHTHQFLDOSDUDWRGRRGRFXPHQWR

$VOLQKDVVXEVHTHQWHVGHYHPVHUDOLQKDGDVDEDL[RGDSULPHLUDOHWUDGDSULPHLUDSDODYUD
GHPRGRDGHVWDFDURH[SRHQWH

$SULPHLUDFLWDomRGHXPDREUDREULJDWRULDPHQWHGHYHWHUVXDUHIHUrQFLDFRPSOHWD



1RWDGH5HIHUrQFLD
VmRXWLOL]DGDVSDUDLQGLFDUIRQWHVELEOLRJUiILFDVFRQVXOWDGDV

1RWDVH[SOLFDWLYDVmRFRPHQWiULRVHRXREVHUYDo}HVSHVVRDLVTXHQmRSRGHPVHU
LQFOXtGDVQRWH[WR

([SUHVV}HVODWLQDVGHYHPVHUXVDGDVDSHQDVHPQRWDVGHURGDSp

,EGHPLEG>QDPHVPDREUD@8VDGRTXDQGRVHID]YiULDVFLWDo}HVVHJXLGDVGHXPPHVPR

'RFXPHQWR



6LOYDS



,ELGS

,GHP,G>GRPHVPRDXWRU@2EUDVGLIHUHQWHVGRPHVPRDXWRU

6LOYDS

,GS

2SXVFLWDWXPRSFLW>REUDFLWDGD@5HIHUHVHjREUDFLWDGDDQWHULRUPHQWHQDPHVPDSiJLQD

TXDQGRKRXYHULQWHUFDODomRGHRXWUDVQRWDV



6LOYDS



3HUHLUDS



6LOYDRSFLW

/RFXVFLWDWXPORFFLW>OXJDUFLWDGR@5HIHUHVHDPHVPDSiJLQDGHXPDREUDFLWDGD

DQWHULRUPHQWHTXDQGRKRXYHULQWHUFDODomRGHRXWUDVQRWDV

6LOYDS



3HUHLUDS



6LOYDORF&LW

1RWD

$VH[SUHVV}HVODWLQDVVRPHQWHSRGHPVHUXVDGDVHPQRWDVGHURGDSp

'DVH[SUHVV}HVODWLQDVDH[SUHVVmRD
DSXGpD~QLFDTXHSRGHVHUXVDGDQRWH[WRWDPEpP