Name: ______________________________________ Phy Sci - _____ Date of Exam___________________

Semester I Exam Study Questions and Notebook Check Prep

NOTEBOOKS WILL BE CHECKED ON TUESDAY, DECEMBER 16th
Unit 4 Notebook (26 points) & Planner Check (5 points)
Bellringers #57 - #72 16 points
Cornell Notes
Class Notes: Forms of Energy (Stamped) 4 points
Mr. Andersen: Kinetic and Potential Energy (Stamped) 2 points
Chapter 5.1: The Nature of Energy(Stamped) 2 points
Chapter 5.2: Conservation of Energy(Stamped) 2 points
Planner-Since November 18 , 2014 5 points

Chapter 1: Scientific Inquiry

Standards:
Process Standard 1: Observe and Measure
1. Identify qualitative and quantitative changes in cells, organisms, populations, and ecosystems given conditions (e.g.,
temperature, mass, volume, time, position, length, quantity) before, during, and after an event.
2. Use appropriate tools with accuracy and precision (e.g., metric ruler, graduated cylinder, thermometer, balances,
spring scales, stopwatches) when measuring objects and/or events.
3. Use appropriate International System of Units (SI) (i.e., grams, meters, liters, degrees Celsius, and seconds) and SI
prefixes (i.e., micro-, milli-, centi-, and kilo-) when measuring objects and/or events.
Process Standard 3: Experimental Design
1. Identify the independent variables, dependent variables, controlled variables, and control set-up in an experiment.
2. Use mathematics to show relationships within a given set of observations.
3. Identify a hypothesis for a given problem in physical science investigations.
4. Recognize potential hazards and practice safety procedures in all physical science activities.
Process Standard 4: Interpret and Communicate
1. Select appropriate predictions based on previously observed patterns of evidence.
2. Interpret data tables, line, bar, trend, and/or circle graphs from existing science research or student experiments.
Process Standard 5: Model
1. Interpret a model which explains a given set of observations.
2. Select predictions based on models, and when appropriate, apply mathematical reasoning to make accurate
predictions.
3. Compare a given model to the physical world.

Key Terms and Topics:

scientific method (SEE pg. 8 and foldable), hypothesis, experiment, control, independent variable,
dependent variable, constant, theory, quantitative data, qualitative data, volume, mass, density, bar graph,
line graph, pie chart
QUESTIONS: Page 13: #1-3, Page 23: #1-2, Page 16: Applying Math Practice Problems: #1-2, Page 21: #15, Page 24: Applying Math Practice Problems: # 1-3, Page 26: #1-5, Page 32 -33: # 12-17, 27-29, Page 34-35:
#1-8
Page 13:
1 The first step of the scientific method is to Ask a Question/Identify the problem
2 A control is used to provide a standard against which test results can be compared.
3 The dependent variable (responding variable) is the volume of gas.
Page 16: Applying Math Practice Problems
1 110 mm

2 32000 km
Page 21:
1 It is important to have exact standards of measurement because they provide a consistent, known, and accepted
value for a base unit.
2 Density is a derived unit because it is obtained by combining two SI units.
4 300 K, 2000 mg, 30 dm
5 7.9 g/ml; iron
Page 24: Applying Math Practice Problems:
1 and 2 You can use a bar graph or a line graph to represent your information. In either case, running time should
be on the y-axis and year should be on the x-axis.
3 23.1% (The difference in time is 1.2 hours. % improvement = 1.2h/5.2h x 100 = 23.1%)
Page 26:
1 A bar graph would best represent the given information.
2 The independent variable is shown on the x-axis and the dependent variable is shown on the y-axis.
3 Points are connected because they are related.
4 All three graphs are used to display data. A line graph shows relationships between two variables. A bar graph can
be used to compare information. A circle graph can be used to show percentages.
5 22.9%
Page 32 -33:
12 D
13 C
14 D
15 A
16 B
17 D
27
a 1.5 L
b 200,000 cm
c 580 mg
d 295 K
28 density = m/v ANSWER = 5.67 g/cm3
29 FIRST: Convert meters to centimeters
Volume = l x w x h (40 x 20 x 70)
ANSWER = 56,000 cm3
Page 34-35
1B
2C
3B
4C
5B
6B
7C
8 64 cm3

Chapter 3: Motion
Standards:
Standard 3: Motion and Forces The motion of an object can be described by its position, direction of motion, and
speed. A change in motion occurs as a result of a net force.
1. Objects change their motion only due to a net force. Laws of motion are used to determine the effects of forces on
the motion of objects. Gravitation is a universal force that each object exerts on any other object.

Key Terms and Topics:

displacement, vector, speed, average speed, velocity, acceleration, positive acceleration, negative
acceleration, distance-time graph, velocity-time graph

QUESTIONS: Page 72: Applying Math Practice Problems: #1-2, Page 75: #1-7, Page 80: #1-7, Page 92-93:
#9-15, 23-27, Page 94-95: #1-8

Page 72: Applying Math Practice Problems:

1 8.0 m/s
2 0.25 h or 15 min
Page 75:
1 No. The displacement equals the distance only if the object moves in a straight line in a single direction.
Otherwise, the displacement is less than the distance.
2 The slope is zero, corresponding to a speed of zero.
3 Yes, the instantaneous speed at various times can be greater or less than the average speed.
4 Average speed is the total distance traveled by total time; the instantaneous speed can be changing. Constant
speed means that the instantaneous speed doesnt change.
5 Relative to the bus, you move backward at your walking speed.
6 0.89 m/s
7 86.4 km
Page 80:
1 Yes, you are accelerating.
2 20 m/s north
3 Velocity includes direction, so to have a velocity limit there would have to be some limit as to the direction which
a car was moving, as well as speed.
4 Its moving in a straight line with constant speed.
5 The plot would be a curved line sloping upward whose slope is increasing.
6 9.8 m/s2
7 9.0 m/s
Page 92-93:
9A
10 B
11 C
12 B
13 A
14 C
15 C
23 time = 800 km/16 km/h = 50 h; at 8 h/day, total time is 6 days 2 hours
24 about -83.3 m/s2
25 22.5 km/h; displacement is 0 km
26 Time there is 1.75 hours; time back is 2.25 hours; velocity there is 25.7 km/h; velocity back is 20 km/h
27 Runner 1 because of the greater slope on the graph.
Page 94-95:
1B
2C
3C
4B
5A
6C
7B
8C

Chapter 3.3 and 4: Force

Standards:

Standard 3: Motion and Forces The motion of an object can be described by its position, direction of motion, and
speed. A change in motion occurs as a result of a net force.
1. Objects change their motion only due to a net force. Laws of motion are used to determine the effects of forces on
the motion of objects. Gravitation is a universal force that each object exerts on any other object.

Key Terms:
force, net force, balanced vs. unbalanced, friction, air resistance, first law of motion, inertia, second law of
motion, third law of motion, gravity, weight, centripetal acceleration and force, momentum, law of
conservation of momentum

Page 86; #1-5, Page 102: Applying Math Practice Problems: #1-3, Page 103: #6, Page 111: #1-8, Page 116:
Applying Practice Problems: #1-3, Page 117: #1-4, 6, Page 122-123: #7-14
Page 86;
1 The contact area between the surfaces increase and more mircowelds are formed.
2 The two forces are equal and in opposite directions.
3 Static is greater than sliding which is greater than rolling.
4 The net force is 0 N in both cases.
5 50 N in the direction the two students are pushing.
Page 102: Applying Math Practice Problems:
1 4 m/s2
2 28,800 N
3 1500 kg
Page 103:
660 kg
Page 111:
1 It increases as the mass of one or both objects increases, and it decreases as the distance between the objects
increases.
2 Mass is a measure of the amount of matter an object contains. Weight is a measure of the force of gravity on an
object. Weight changes if the gravitational force changes.
3 Gravity causes the vertical velocity of the projectile to change.
4 The Suns gravitational forces keeps them in orbit.
5 Standing on Earths surface, you would be attracted by a larger mass, so the force of Earths gravity and the
acceleration of gravity would be greater.
6 735 N
7 3.7 m/s2
8 98 N
Page 116: Applying Practice Problems:
1 36,400 kg*m/s
2 40 m/s
3 65 kg
Page 117:
1 You are not accelerating, so Fnet = 0. The wall pushes back on you with a force equal to the force you push on it.
The static friction between your feet and the floor keeps you from moving.
2 The rocket exerts a force on gas molecules, pushing them backward. The gas molecules exert a force on the
rocket pushing it forward.
3 The dolphins momentum is p= (50 kg)(10.4 m/s) = 520 kg*m/s. The elephants momentum is p= (6300 kg)(0.11
m/s) = 693 kg*m/s.
4 The two balls exchange momentum.
6 p=mv= 100 kg x 4 m/s = 400 kg*m/s
Page 122-123:
7D
8A
9B
10 B
11 B
12 C
13 A
14 C

Chapter 5 and 6.1: Energy

Standards:

Standard 4: Interactions of Energy and Matter Energy can be transferred or transformed but never destroyed.
1. Energy can be classified as kinetic energy (energy of motion) or potential energy (e.g., positional, elastic, chemical,
nuclear).

Key Terms:
energy, kinetic energy, joule, potential energy, gravitational potential energy, all forms of energy,
mechanical energy, law of conservation of energy, work, power
QUESTIONS: Page 130: Applying Math Practice Problems #1-3, Page 133: #1-7, Page 143: #1-6, Page 148149: #7-12, 22-25, Page 156: Applying Math Practice Problems: #1-3, Page 159: #3-7
Page 130: Applying Math Practice Problems
1 120 J
2 1500 kg
3 10 m/s
Page 133:
1 Yes, an object that is moving above Earths surface will have kinetic energy and potential energy.
2 An object is raised higher, an object falls to a lower height, and the mass of an object above Earths surface
changes.
3 The kinetic energy could be increased by increasing the trucks mass.
4 Molecules with smaller masses will be moving faster.
5 KE = 1/2mv2 KE= 75 J
6 4400 J
7 3900 J
Page 143:
1 Friction converts mechanical energy into thermal energy.
2 As you coast down the hill, some of your potential energy is being transformed into kinetic energy. When you
apply the brakes, friction between the brake pads and the bicycle rims convert kinetic energy into thermal energy.
3 A small amount of mass is converted into energy.
4 The top of the lower hill; the roller coaster has less potential energy at the top of the lower hill. The difference
between the roller coasters potential energy at the top of the higher hill and lower hill has been converted into
kinetic energy.
5 150 J
6 4000 J
Page 148-149:
7D
8B
9B
10 A
11 D
12 C
22 675 j
23 4900000 J
24 KE = 2250 J, GPE = 147000 J, Mechanical Energy = 149,250 J
25 KE = 4900000 J, v = 62.6 m/s
Page 156: Applying Math Practice Problems:
1 375 J
2 150 m
3 4800 N
Page 159:
3 Work is the energy transferred when a force makes an object move.
4 a. Work is being done when the snow is lifted up by the shovel. Work also is done if the person tosses the snow
out of the shovel.
b. Work is done when the worker lifts the brick off the ground and pushes the brick along the bed of the truck.
c. The assistant does no work while carrying the shingles.
5 75 N
6 500000 J
7 20 J