Formulario

FISICA II

FEUP

Constantes Fsicas
g = 9,81 m/s2
R = 8,314 J/(molK)
e = 1,60 1019 C
k = 8,99 109
9,0 109 Nm2 /C2
1
0 = 4k
= 8,85 1012 F/m
0 = 4 107 N/A2
c 3 108 m/s
h = 6,626 1034 Js
= 4,136 1015 eV.s
hc = 1240 eV.nm
= 5,67 108 Wm2 K4
kB = 1,381 1023 J/K
NA = 6,022 1023 mol1

M
ultiplo
1012
109
106
103
103
106
109
1012
1015

Campo El
ectrico
F~1,2 = k qr12q2 r1,2

~
p~ = q L
~
~
~ = p~ E
U = ~
pE
R kdq
R
dq
~ =
E
= 1

2 r
2r
=

lim

Ai 0
i

res =

H
S

40

~i n
E
i Ai =

V r

~ n
E
dA
S

Qint
0
En = 0

En dA = 4kQint =

En+ En =

0

Ey =

k
y (sin 2

sin 1 )

Ex =

k
y (cos 2

cos 1 )

ER = 2k R
=

Ex =

20

1
20 R

kQx
(x2 +a2 )3/2

20 ,

V =

kq
r

V =

kq
r

kq
rref

Conversao de Unidades
1 mi = 1609 m
1 in = 2,54 cm
1 ft = 30,48 cm
1 L = 1 dm3 = 103 m3
rad= 180
1 atm= 101,3 kPa= 760 mmHg
1 bar= 100 kPa
1 eV = 1,60 1019 J
1 u 1 mu = 1,66 1027 kg
mu c2 = 931,5 MeV
T = 273 + tC

Energia e Capacidade

~ d~`
E

(V = 0 para r )
P i
V = i kq
ri
R k dq
V =
r

q 1
2
1+ R
x2

Ex =
x>0

kQ/r2 , r R
Er =
0,
r<R

2
kQ/r , r R
Er =
k RQ3 r,
rR

U
U=

+
i

V
y

= 12 QV = 12 CV 2
Q
V

0 A
d

C=

20 L
ln(R2 /R1 )

Ceq = C1 + C2 + C3 + . . .
j +

V
z

q
1+

1
Ceq

1
C1

1
C2

C = C0
R2
x2


1

V (x) = V0 2k|x|
 kQ
r , r R
V (r) =
kQ
R , r R
V (R) = 2k ln(Rref /R)
(V (Rref ) = 0)
Emax 3 106 V/m

1
C3

+ ...

E = E0 /

kqq0
r
kQ
x2 +a2

U = q0 V =
V (x) =

2
1Q
2 C

C=

C=

Er = dVdr(r)
V

1=1 qi Vi
1
U = 2 QV
Pn
= 12 1=1 Qi Vi

C = 40 R

Ex = dVdx(x)

~ = V
~
E
=

Pn

ue = 12 0 E 2

Et = dV
d`

1
2

U=

(V = 0 para rref )

V (x) = 2k|x|

!
Ex =

U
q0

Rb

2009/10

~ d~`
dV = E

i,P

Abreviacao
T
G
M
k
m

n
p
f

Potencial El
ectrico

~
F
q0

~ i,P = k q2i ri,P

E
ri,P
P
P
qi
~P =
~
i,P
E
i Ei,P =
i k r2 r

Prefixo
tera
giga
mega
kilo
mili
micro
nano
pico
femto

V = Vb Va =

1,2

~ =
E

EA0023

 = 0

Corrente Contnua
I = limt0

Q
t

dQ
dt

I = qnAvd
L
R = A

(20 )/20
t20 C

V = RI
P = V I = I 2 R = V 2 /R
P = EI
Va Vb = E Ir

Req = R1 + R2 + R3 + . . .
1
Req

1
R1

1
R2

1
R3

+ ...

Q(t) = Q0 et/

E = Epico sin(t + ) =
N BA sin(t + )
p
Irms Ief = (I 2 )med

Irms Ief = I0 / 2 = Ipico / 2

Campo Magn
etico

Irms = VR,rms /R
Irms = VL,rms /XL

I(t) = I0 e

t/

= RC

Q(t) = Qf (1 et/ )

XL =
Pmed =

qvB = mv /R
T =

2m
qB

~ = M IA
n
~
~
~ =
~ B
U = ~
B

Fontes do Campo
Magn
etico
Bx =

0 Id~
`
r
4 r 2

~ =
dB

0 I
4 R
0 2I
2 R

B=

(sin 2 sin 1 )
0 N I
2 r

H
m = S Bn dA = 0
H
~ d~` = 0 IC
B
C

~ dA
~
B
S

m = N BA cos

E = cB

I = uav c =

E=
H
~ d~`
E = CE

1
0 0

c=

Erms Brms
0

B2
0

~=
S
p=

E0 B 0
20

1
2
2 LI

um =

V = E Ir =

L dI
dt
t/

U=

I(t) = If (1 e
= L/R

B
20

Ir

I(t) = I0 et/

xnp
fe

= ff0e

m = 0, 1, 2, . . .


= m 12

U
c

v=
10

I
c

I = I0

hc

c
n

= 1


m = 1, 2, 3, . . .

n1 n2
n1 +n2

= mN

1
Pe () = 2hc
5 ehc/(kB T ) 1
R
Pe ()d = T 4
0

Pliq = eA T 4 T04

Pr =

E = hf =

a sin m = m,

PT = eAT 4

~ B
~
E
0

Propriedades da Luz
2

xnp
f

Radiac
ao
EB
0 c

~ av
|S|

e
0

M=

R=

L = m /I
Tm
1H = 1 Wb
A =1 A

= ss

c = 1,22 D

~ d~` = 0 (IC + Id )
B

ddtm

E=

M=

d sin m

Ondas Electromagn
eticas

u = ue + um = 0 E =

L dI
dt

y0
y

1
f

m = 1, 2, 3, . . .

m = LI

m=

1
f

d sin m = m,

N2
N1 V1

V1,rms I1,rms = V2,rms I2,rms

m =

1
s0

e
Id = 0 d
dt

Induc
ao Magn
etica

Interfer
encia

Q = 0 / = f0 /f

y0
y

M = m0 Me = fL0

2
Vmed,aplic
R 2
L2 ( 2 02 )+ 2 R2

V2 =

B=

XL XC
R

n2 n1
r

= nn12ss


= (n 1) r11 r12
1
s

Q = 0 L/R

= IR2

= ss

P =

2
Pmed = RIrms
= Vmed,aplic Irms cos

Bx = 0 nI
B=

1
f

Pmed =

r
2
0

y
y

n2
s0

m=

I = pico
Z cos(t )
p
Z = R2 + (XL XC )2
tan =

1
f

f=

n1
s

1
L
XC = C
2
VR,rms Irms = RIrms

1
s0

m=

Vaplic = Vpico cos(t)

0
2R2 I
4 (x2 +R2 )3/2

0 2
4 |x|3

Bx =

1
s

= 1/(LC)

E = vB

0 q~
v
r
4 r 2

Imagens Opticas

Irms = VC,rms /XC

~
F~ = q~v B
~
dF~ = Id~` B

~ =
B

I = I0 cos2

Corrente Alternada

max =

2,898
T

mm.K

Radioactividade
R = R0 A1/3 1,2A1/3 fm
N = N0 et
R = N = R0 et

2

n1 sin 1 = n2 sin 2

t1/2 = 0,693

sin c = n2 /n1
tan P = n2 /n1

1 Ci = 3,7 1010 Bq
Q = (m)c2