Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
KINEMATICS OF MACHINERY
L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
To understand the basic components and layout of linkages in the assembly of a system /
machine.
To understand the principles in analyzing the assembly with respect to the displacement,
velocity, and acceleration at any point in a link of a mechanism.
To understand the motion resulting from a specified set of linkages, design few linkage
mechanisms and cam mechanisms for specified output motions.
To understand the basic concepts of toothed gearing and kinematics of gear trains and the
effects of friction in motion transmission and in machine components.
UNIT I
BASICS OF MECHANISMS
9
Classification of mechanisms Basic kinematic concepts and definitions Degree of freedom,
Mobility Kutzbach criterion, Grueblers criterion Grashofs Law Kinematic inversions of four-bar
chain and slider crank chains Limit positions Mechanical advantage Transmission Angle
Description of some common mechanisms Quick return mechanisms, Straight line generators,
Universal Joint rocker mechanisms.
UNIT II
KINEMATICS OF LINKAGE MECHANISMS
9
Displacement, velocity and acceleration analysis of simple mechanisms Graphical method Velocity
and acceleration polygons Velocity analysis using instantaneous centres kinematic analysis of
simple mechanisms Coincident points Coriolis component of Acceleration Introduction to linkage
synthesis problem.
UNIT III
KINEMATICS OF CAM MECHANISMS
9
Classification of cams and followers Terminology and definitions Displacement diagrams Uniform
velocity, parabolic, simple harmonic and cycloidal motions Derivatives of follower motions Layout
of plate cam profiles Specified contour cams Circular arc and tangent cams Pressure angle and
undercutting sizing of cams.
UNIT IV
GEARS AND GEAR TRAINS
9
Law of toothed gearing Involutes and cycloidal tooth profiles Spur Gear terminology and definitions
Gear tooth action contact ratio Interference and undercutting. Helical, Bevel, Worm, Rack and
Pinion gears [Basics only]. Gear trains Speed ratio, train value Parallel axis gear trains Epicyclic
Gear Trains.
UNIT V
FRICTION IN MACHINE ELEMENTS
9
Surface contacts Sliding and Rolling friction Friction drives Friction in screw threads Bearings
and lubrication Friction clutches Belt and rope drives Friction in brakes- Band and Block brakes.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this course, the students can able to apply fundamentals of mechanism for
the design of new mechanisms and analyse them for optimum design.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.
Uicker, J.J., Pennock G.R and Shigley, J.E., Theory of Machines and Mechanisms, 3rd
Edition, Oxford University Press, 2009.
2.
Rattan, S.S, Theory of Machines, 3rd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2009.
REFERENCES:
1.
Thomas Bevan, "Theory of Machines", 3rd Edition, CBS Publishers and Distributors, 2005.
2.
Cleghorn. W. L, Mechanisms of Machines, Oxford University Press, 2005
3.
Robert L. Norton, "Kinematics and Dynamics of Machinery", Tata McGraw-Hill, 2009.
4.
Allen S. Hall Jr., Kinematics and Linkage Design, Prentice Hall, 1961
5.
Ghosh. A and Mallick, A.K., Theory of Mechanisms and Machines", Affiliated East-West Pvt.
01
01
Reg. No.
:1~~~--~~--~~--~~--~~~
OF MACHINES
(10
= 20 marks)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Prove or disprove that pure rolling is possible at one point only, on the line of
action, between two meshing gear teeth profiles.
8.
Distinguish, with suitable free hand sketches, a non-reverted gear train and a
reverted gear train.
9.
Prove or disprove that the efficiency of a screw jack is independent of the load
raised.
10.
State the condition and the equation for the velocity of the belt for the
transmission of power in a flat belt drive.
2
02
PART B 11.
Ca)
(5 x 16
= 80 marks)
(i)
(8)
(ii)
(8)
(1)
(2)
An indexing mechanism.
Or
(b)
12.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
crank
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Angular acceleration of CD
Fig. 12(a)
Or
2
L 1479
3
03
(b)
For the Four-bar linkage shown in Fig. 12(b) find the acceleration of
A and B and the angular acceleration of links 3 and 4, Crank 2 has a
constant angular velocity, (l)2 == 200 radls counter clockwise direction.
Fig. 12(b)
(a)
==
150 mm;
BA == 450
mm,
B04
==
300 mm,
The following data are for a disc cam mechanism with roller follower:
Minimum radius of the cam == 35 mm, lift of the follower == 40 mm
Offset of the follower == 10 mm right, Roller diameter == 15 mm
Cam rotation angles are as mentioned below:
During ascent == 120, Dwell == 80
During descent == 80, Dwell == 80
Cam rotates in clockwise direction and the follower motion
harmonic during both ascent and descent.
IS
simple
(i)
(ii)
(b)
Draw the profile of the cam when the roller follower moves with cycloidal
motion as given below :
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
180 of
L 1479
4
04
14.
(a)
(3)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(7)
to
Or
15.
(b)
(a)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
Two pulleys, one 450 rnm diameter and the other 200 mm diameter
are on Parallel shafts 2.1 m apart and are connected by a
crossed belt. The larger Pulley rotates at 225 rpm. The maximum
permissible tension in the belt is 1 kN and the coefficient of
friction between the belt and the pulley is 0.25. Find the length of
the belt required and the power that can be transmitted.
(10)
L 1479
5
05
without substituting the data in the equations will carry zero marks. A3 size
drawing sheet will be supplied on request. Use both sides of the drawing
sheet, if necessary.
Fold the drawing sheet to the size of the answer sheet and attach it.
PART A -
(10 x 2 = 20 marks)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
What is the follower motion used for high speed cams? Why?
7.
What are the advantages and dis-advantages of involute gear tooth profile?
8.
6
06
9.
10.
Distinguish
11.
(a)
(5 x 16
= 80 marks)
Or
12.
(b)
Explain the
neat sketch.
working
of a toggle
mechanism
(a)
the acceleration
with
of slider
Or
(b)
200m1n
1
Fig. 1
J 3309
7
07
13. . (a)
A cam is to designed for a knife edge follower with the following data:
cam lift = 40 mm during 90 of cam rotation with SHM, dwell for the next
30, during the next 60 of cam rotation, the follower returns to its
original position with SHM, dwell during the remaining 180 Draw the
profile of the cam when the line of stroke is offset 20 mm from the axis of
the cam shaft. The radius of the base circle of the cam is 40 mm.
0
Or
(b)
Draw a cam profile for operating the exhaust valve of an oil engine. It is
required to give equal uniform acceleration and retardation during
opening and closing of the valve each of which corresponds to 60 of cam
rotation. The valve must remain in the fully open position for 20 of cam
rotation. The valve is 37.5 mm and the least radius of the cam is 40 mm.
The follower is provided with a roller of radius 20 mm and its line of
stroke passes through the axis of the cam.
0
14.
(a)
(b)
In an epicyclic gear train shown in Fig.2, the pinion A has 15 teeth and is
rigidly fixed in the motor shaft. The wheel B has 20 teeth and gears
with A, and also with annular fixed wheel D. Pinion C has 15 teeth and is
integral. with B(C,B being a compound gear wheel). Gear C meshes with
annular wheel E, which is keyed to the machine shaft. The arm rotates
about the same shaft on which A is fixed and carries the compound wheel"
B-C. If the motor runs at 1000 rpm, find the speed of the machine shaft.
Fig. 2.
3
J3309
8
08
15.
(a)
A single dry plate clutch transmits 7.5 kW at 900 rpm. The axial
pressure is limited to 0.07 Nzmm-. If the co-efficient of friction is 0.25,
find mean radius and face width of the friction lining assuming the ratio
of the mean radius to the face width as 4 and outer and inner radii of the
clutch plate.
Or
(b)
J3309
9
09
Reg. No. :
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
10
10
PART B (5 16 = 80 Marks)
11.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(6)
Or
(b)
12.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(6)
In a simple steam engine, the lengths of the crank and the connecting rod
are 100 mm and 400 mm respectively. The weight of the connecting rod is
50 kg and its centre of mass is 220 mm from the cross head centre. The
radius of gyration about the centre of mass is 120 mm. If the engine
speed is 300 rpm and the crank has turned 45 from IDC, determine
(i)
(ii)
(16)
Or
(b)
PQRS is a four bar chain with a fixed link PS. The lengths of the links
are : PQ = 62.5 mm, QR = 175 mm, RS = 112.5 mm and PS = 200 mm.
The crank PQ rotates at 10 rad/s clockwise. Draw the velocity and
acceleration diagram when angle QPS = 60 and find the angular velocity
and angular acceleration of the links QR and RS.
13.
(a)
(16)
A disc cam used for moving a knife edge follower with SHM during lift
and uniform acceleration and retardation motion during return. Cam
rotates at 300 rpm clockwise direction. The line of motion of the follower
has an offset 10 mm to the right angle of cam shaft axis. The minimum
radius of the cam is 30 mm. The lift of the follower is 40 mm. The cam
rotation angles are: lift 60, dwell 90, return 120 and remaining angle
for dwell. Draw the cam profile and determine the maximum velocity and
acceleration during the lift and return.
(16)
Or
(b)
What is tangent cam? Derive the expressions for the velocity and
acceleration of a roller follower in the tangent cam.
(16)
T 3051
11
11
14.
(a)
A pair of spur gears with involute teeth is to give a gear ratio of 3:1. The
arc of approach is not to be less than the circular pitch and smaller wheel
is the driver. The angle of pressure is 20
(i)
What is the least number of teeth that can be used on each wheel?
(ii)
(16)
Or
15.
(b)
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(8)
Or
(b)
(16)
T 3051
12
12
Reg. No. :
1.
Define Degree of Freedom and give the DOF for a cam with roller follower.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
What are the different types of motion with which a follower can move?
7.
8.
9.
10.
State the condition for maximum power transmission in a belt drive and
(a)
motion mechanisms.
16)
(i)
Peaucellier Mechanism.
(ii)
Harts Mechanism.
13
13
Or
14
13
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(9)
12.
(a)
(7)
Or
(b)
Derive the expression for determining the angular position of the coupler
link and the output link of a four bar mechanism.
13.
(a)
It is required to set out the profile of a cam to give the following motion to
the reciprocating follower with a flat mushroom contact face:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(b)
14
E 3130
14
14.
(a)
(i)
State and prove Law of gearing, and thus derive the expression
for Velocity of sliding.
(10)
(ii)
Prove that the maximum length of arc of contact between a pair
of gear tooth to avoid interference is (r + R)tan .
(6)
Or
(b)
(i)
15.
(a)
(i)
Clearance,
thickness,
(6 1 =
6) many
An epicyclic gear train is shown in the following figure. How
revolutions does the arm makes when (1) A makes one revolution in
clockwise and D makes 1/2 a revolution in the opposite sense and
(2) A makes one revolution in clockwise and D remains stationary?
The number of teeth in gears A and D are 40 and 90 respectively.
(10)
(ii)
Tooth
(8)
(b)
15
E 3130
15
_'.
'
"
'
-,.,,"
..
"
.-,.
-_
"-"".,,
(j-ai951
~.
..;.~._
a.E.
Maximum:
100 Marks
""7
= 2Q Marks)
(10 x 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Define undercutting
.--
in a cam
"
"
mechanism,
:
'
What
7,
. ",:
-.:
',,;,
different
.
types
_',"
'~
"
6.
arEl the
mechanisms?
of
-':
follower
..
in
" ,"" ," ,
motions
9.
11.
(11)
in cam-follower
10.
used
gears?
',..-
8.
What
of a link, is obtained.
(i)
(ii)
16
16
12.
(a)
r
65
1
125
Fig. Q. 12 (a)
Or
(b)
mechanism
(i) the
Fig. Q. 1~ (b)
13.
(a)
Draw
cam
50 mm, Lift
>
= 40 mm,
Base
circle radius
>
0
,
of
Angle
90 , Speed of
Or
(b)! -Draw .the cam profile for, the following data: base circle radius of cam
::; 50 mm, Lift 40 mm, Angle of ascent with SliM = 90, Angle of dwell
900, Angle of descent with uniform acceleration and deceleration 90,
'$}:leed.of ~m:::;; 300 rpm, TyPe of follower Roller follower (with roller
radius? 10 mm),
53195
17
17
14.
(~)
ThE! pressure angle of two gears is 20 and has a module of 10 mm, The
number of teeth on pinion is 24 and is on gear 60. The addendum of
pinion and gear is same and equal to one module. Determine (i) the
number of pairs of teeth in contact (ii) the angle of action of pinion and
gear and the ratio of sliding to rolling velocity at the beginning of contact.
Or
(b)
The pitch circle diameter of the annular gear in the epicyclic gear train in
Fig. Q. 14 (P) is 425 mm and the module is Q mm. When the annular
gear 3 is stationary, the spindle A makes one revolution in the same
sense as the sun gear I for every 6 revolutions of the driving spindle
carrying the sun gear. All the planet gearS are of the same size.
Determine the number of teeth on all gears,
Fig. Q. 14 (b)
15.
(a)
An open belt drive is used to connect two parallel shafts 4 m apart. The
diameter of bigger
pulleyis 1.5 m and that of the smaller pulley 0.5 m .
'.
The mass of the belt is 1 kg/m length. ThE! maximum tension is not to
exceed 1500 N. The coefficient of friction is 0.25. The bigger pulley which
is the driver runs at 250 rpm' Due to slip, the speed of the driven pulley
is 725 rpm. Calculate the power transmitted, and power lost in friction.
.
'
Qr
(b)
(i)
(ii)
A Conical pivot supports a load of 20 kN, the cone angle being 120,
and thJ;lintensity of normal pressure does notexceed 0.25 MPa. The
external radius is twice the internal diameter, Find the outer and
inner radii of the bearing surface. If the shaft rotates at 180 rpm
and the coefficient of friction is 0,15, find the power lost in friction,
assuming uniform pressure.
(6)
53195
18
18
Re g. No. :
Question
I~ l_--'---'--'-- j_-,----,-----,---,----,--I
Paper
Code:
jl
10408
(Regulation 2008)
Time : Three hours
(10 x 2 = 20 marks)
1.
Sketch and define Transmission angle of a four-bar mechanism. What are the
worst values of transmission angle?
2.
3.
4.
Define rubbing velocity in a pin joint and write the equation fOTcalculating the
same.
5.
Which type of cam follower motion is used in high speed engines? Why?
6.
7.
. 8.
9.
10.
19
19
PAlfr B 11.
.(a)
(i)
(5 x 16
= 80 marks)
(ii)
M2
M1
M4
M3
Dimensions are in em
Ml, M2, M3
numbers on
Identify the
crank rocker
(b)
12.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
With a suitable
are its uses?
works. What
(6)
10408
20
20
(b)
13.
(a)
(i).
(ii)
If the
A cam is to be designed for a knife edged follower with the following data:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Follower return to: its original position with SHM, during next 60
of cam rotation
(iv)
cam rotation.
The line of stroke of the follower passes through the axis of the cam
shaft. Radius of the base circle of the cam is 40 mm.
(1)
(4)
(2)
(8)
(3)
of velocity,
acceleration
(4)
and
(3)
(9)
104,08
21
21
14.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
15.
(b)
(a)
(i)
A single plate clutch, with both sides effective, has outer and inner
diameters 300 mm and 200 mm respectively.
The maximum'
intensity of pressure at any point in the contact surface is not to
exceed 0.1 Nzmm". If the coefficient of friction is 0.3, determine the
power transmitted by a clutch at a speed 2500 rpm for two types of
assumptions, that is; for uniform pressure and for uniform wear.
(10)
(ii)
The following data related to a screw jack; Pitch of the thread screw
= 8 mm, diameter of the screw thread = 40 mrn, Coefficient of
friction between screw and nut = 0,1, load = 20 kN. Assuming that
the load rotates with screw, determine:
-(1)
(6)
Or
(b)
(i)
Two pulleys, one 450 mm diameter and the other 200 mm diameter
are on parallel shafts 2.1 m apart and are connected by a belt, as a
cross belt drive. The, larger pulley rotates at 225 r.p.m. The
maximum permissible tension in the belt is 1kN and the coefficient
of friction between the belt and the pulley is 0.25. Find the power
that can be transmitted.
(8)
(ii)
10408
22
22
!_
_.
Reg.No.:
LI
DEGREE EXAMINATION,
Third
L_J
~_L
L_~~
11519
NOVEMBER/DECEMBER
2012.
Semester
Mechanical
ME 2203/113302IME
Code :
Question Paper
B.E./B.Tech.
~_L_J
_J
Engineering
KINEMATICS
OF
2008)
. Maximum:
Three hours
Answer
Alawford-bar
100 marks
(10 x 2
= 20,marks)
1.
Write Grashoffs
2.
What is meant
3.
What is a configuration
4.
velocity
at a
5.
moving
with
6.'
Why sometimes
the axes of translating
roller followers
mechanisms are offset from the axis of rotation of cam?
7.
8.
Name
9.
10.
What is meant
by Indexing
two applications
screws
mechanism.
mechanism?
diagram?
What-is
for maximum
do we use it?
its use?
acceleration
of a follower
in cam
follower
in gears.
of reverted
have lesser
by a self-locking
Where
gear train.
efficiency?
and a self-energised
brake?
23
23
PART B 1l.
(a)
(5 x 16 = 80 marks)
(16)
Or
(b)
12.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
Sketch a Hooke's joint and derive the condition for equal speeds of
driving and driven shafts.
(8)
In a four bar chain ABCD, AD is fixed and is 120 mm long. The crank
AB is 30 mm long and rotates at 100 rpm clockwise while the link
CD = 60 mm oscillates about D; BC ::: 120 mm. Using graphical method,
find the angular velocity and angular acceleration of link BC when angle
BAD = 60.
(16)
Or
(b)
13.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
and the
(4)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
11519
24
24
(2)
(10)
Or
(b)
14.
(a)
(6)
(ii)
(2)
.(iii)
(8)
(i)
(ii)
Show that the involute curves as the profiles of mating gears satisfy
the law of gearing.
(6)
(10)
Or
(b)
if a tolerance of 0.2% is
(4)
(ii)
(iii)
Find the pitch circle diameters of all gears and the centre distances.
(4)
(iv)
(4)
11519
25
25
15.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
11519
26
26
21559
KINEMATICS OF
(Regulation 200S/2010)
(Common to PTME 2203 - Kinematics of Machinery for B.B. (Part-Time) Third
Semester Mechanical Engineering - Regulation 2009) .
(10 x
:2.=
20 marks)
1.
2.
3.
4.
centres in
a mechanism.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Distinguish between open and cross belt drive in terms of its application.
27
27
PART B -
11.
(a)
(5 x 16
= 80
marks)
Or
(b)
12.
(a)
Sketch
and explain
the following:
(8)
(i)
Elliptical
trammel
(ii)
(8)
Or
. (b)
Fig. 12 (b)
13.
(a)
To raise through
(ii)
To remain
(iii)
To lower during
(iv)
To remain
of the cam
120 rotation
of the cam
rest of the revolution .
. The raising of the follower takes place with cycloidal motion and
lowering with uniform acceleration
and retardation.
However,
uniform acceleration
is 2/3rd of the uniform retardation.
Draw
displacement diagram and profile of the cam.
the
the
the
Or
/'
21559
28
28
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(a)
With the help of a neatly drawn sketch of a spur gear, explain elaborately
the nomenclature of gears.
Or
(b)
An epicyclic gear, train is shown in Fig. 14(b). The input S has 24 teeth.
Gears P and C constitute a compound planet having 30 and 18 teeth
respectively. If all the gears are of the same pitch, fmd the speed ratio of
the gear train assuming A to be fixed.
A
Fig. 14 (b)
15.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
Uniform pressure
(3)
(2)
Uniform wear.
(3)
Or
21559
29
29
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(4)
(4)
(3)
....-
100N
'
T,
Fig. 15 (b),(ii)
21559
30
30
2013.
Third Semester
Mechanical Engineering
ME 2203iME
35/10122
ME 404/ME
1202 Al080120010
KINEMATICS OF
MACHINERY
(Regulation 2008/2010)
(Common to PTME 2203 .; Kinematics of Machinery for B.E. (Part-Time) Third
Semester - Mechanical, Engineering _ Regulation 2009)
Time: Three hours
(10 x 2 = 20 marks)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Define pressure
6.
7.
8.
9'.
10.
centre.
angle.
31
31
(5 x 16
(i)
(ii)
Determine
the degree
= 80
marks)
Explain
inversions
(10)
(Fig. 1)
(6)
5'
F~g.1
Or
(b)
(i)
9
.&
JL
A.~
Fig. 2
12.
(a)
(ii)
Write
(i)
(8)
Fig. 3
31559
32
32
(ii)
,,
{$I' "-
"
......
.. ~ -1!ltt
\j,~Jls
I I~
(b)
13.
(a)
(i)
~
Fig. 4
Or
Fig.S shows the configuration of a whit worth quick return
mechanism. The lengths of the fixed lin): OA ana the crank OP are
200 mm and 300mm respectively. Other lengths are AR=200 mm
and RS=400 mrn. Find the velocity of the ram using instantaneous.
centre method when the crank makes a angle 0[120 with the fixed
link and rotates, at 10 rad/s.
.
Fig. 5
Differentiate
low
degree
and high degree of complexity with
(ii)
(6)
suitable sketch.
A cam operates on offset roller follower. The least radius of the cam is
50 mrn, rollerdiameter is 30 rom, and offset is 20 mm, the cam rotates at
360 rpm, The angle of ascent is 48 angle of dwell is 42 and angle of
descent is 60 The motion is to be SHM during ascent and uniform
acceleration and deceleration during decent. Draw the cam profile,
. (16)
Or
0
,
0
,
315.59
33
33
(b)
(i)
. (ii)
14.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
.
(b)
(i)
'(ii)
15.
(a)
(i)
eii)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
Fig. 6
Write short notes on speed ratio of a planetary gear train.
(4)
Derive the force analysis of a body resting on an inclined plane with
force inclined to the plane.
(12)
List the various types of friction.
(4)
Or
A veztical shaft 140 mm diameter rotating at. 120 rpm rests on a
flat end foot step bearing. The shaft carries a vertical load of 30 KN.
The coefficient of friction is 0.06. Estimate the power lost is friction,
assuming uniform pressure and uniform wear.
.(8)
A multi-plate disc olutch transmits 55 KW of power at 1800 rpm.
'Coefficient of friction for the friction surface is 0.1. Axial intensity
of pressure is not to exceed 160 KN/m2. The internal radius is
80 mm and 0.7 times the external radius. FInd the number of plates
needed to transmit the required torque.
(8)
31559
34
34
Reg. No.
Question
Paper
Code:
51622
ME 404 - KINEMATICS OF
MACHINERY
(Regulation 2008/2010)
(Common to PTME 2203-KinematicS' of Machinery for B.E. (Part-Time)
Third Semester - Mechanical Engineering - Regulation 2009)
Time: Three hours
Maximum:
100 marks
- (10
x 2
= 20 marks)
1.
Differentiate
2.
3.
Define instantaneous
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
What is themaximum
centre.
11.
(a)
(b)
chain.
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12. . (a)
(i)
(ii)
13.
(1)
(a)
= 40 mm
(i)
Cam lift
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Draw the profile of the cam when the line of stroke is offset 20 mm from
the axis of the cam shaft.
(b)
14.
(a)
Or
In a cam with translating roller follower, the follower axis is offset to the
right of Cam hinge by 12 mm. The roller radius is 10 mm and the cam
rotates in the counter clock-wise direction. Layout the rise portion of the
cam profile to meet the following specifications: Rise takes place during
180 of cam rotation of which for. the first 90 the rise is with constant
acceleration and the rest is with constant retardation. Take seven station
points only. The lift of the cam is 30 rom and 'the least radius of the cam
is 25 mm.
Two gear wheels mesh externally to give a velocity ratio of 3 to 1. The
involute teeth has 6 mm module and 20 pressure angle. Addendum is
equal to one module. The pinion rotates at 90 rpm. Determine
(i)
and
the
(4)
(ii)
(4)
(iii)
(4)
(4)
Or
(b)
(i)
(ii)
51622
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15. . (a)
Two pulleys, one 450 mm diameter and the other 200 mm diameter are in
parallel shafts 1. 95 m apart and are connected by a crossed belt. Find the
length of the belt required and the angle of contact between the belt and
each pulley. What power can be transmitted by the belt when the larger
pulley rotates at 200 rpm if the maximum permissible tension in the belt
is 1 kN and tbe co-efficient of friction between the belt and pulley is
0,25?
(16)
Or
(b)
(i)
(ii)
..
51622
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2. What is Kinetics?
Kinetics is the study of effect of forces on moving bodies. Good kinematic design
should produce good kinetics.
3. Define Link.
A link is defined as a member or a combination of members of a mechanism
connecting other members and having relative motion between them. The link may
consist of one or more resistant bodies. A link may be called as kinematic link or
element. Eg: Reciprocating steam engine.
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7. Define Pantograph.
Pantograph is used to copy the curves in reduced or enlarged scales. Hence this
mechanism finds its use in copying devices such as engraving or profiling machines.
11. What are the important applications of a single slider crank mechanism?
1. Rotary or Gnome engine.
2. Crank and slotted lever mechanism.
3. Oscillating cylinder engine.
4. Bull engine and
5. Hand pump.
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14. What are the applications of inversion of double slider crank chain mechanism?
It consists of two sliding pairs and two turning pairs. There are three important
inversions of double slider crank chain. 1) Elliptical trammel. 2) Scotch yoke
mechanism. 3) Oldhams coupling. Give some examples for kinematic pairs.
15. Write down the Grashofs law for a four bar mechanism?
Grashofs law states that the sum of the shortest and longest links cannot be greater
than the sum of the remaining two links lengths, if there is to be continuous relative
motion between two members.
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4. How to represent the direction of linear velocity of any point on a link with respect to
another point on the same link?
The direction of linear velocity of any point on a link with respect to another point on
the same link is perpendicular to the line joining the points.
6. Define displacement.
It may be defined as the distance moved by a body with respect to a fixed certain
fixed point. When there is no displacement in a body it is said to be at rest and when
it is being displaced, it is said to be in motion.
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9. Define velocity.
Velocity may be defined as the rate of change of displacement of a body with respect
to the time. Since the velocity has both magnitude and direction, therefore it is a
vector quantity.
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Cylindrical cam
2.
Roller Follower
Mushroom Follower
automobile engines.
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12. What are the classifications of cam based on the follower movement?
1) Rise-Return-Rise (R-R-R) cams,
2) Dwell-Rise-Return-Dwell (D-R-R-D) cams,
3) Dwell-Rise-Dwell-Return-Dwell (D-R-D-R-D) cams,
4) Dwell-Rise-Dwell (D-R-D) cams.
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acceleration and retardation, the values will be zero at the centre and maximum at
the ends of diameter.
22. What are the classifications of follower based on the follower movement?
i)
ii)
24. What are the classifications of the follower based on the path of motion of the
follower?
a) Radial follower.
b) Offset follower.
25. What are the classifications of cam base on the constraint of the follower?
a) Pre-loaded spring cams.
b) Positive drive cams.
c) Gravity cams.
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UNIT 4 - GEARS
Part A questions:
1. State law of Gearing.
The law of gearing states that for obtaining a constant velocity ratio, at any instant of
teeth the common normal at each point of contact should always pass through a
pitch point, situated on the line joining the centre of rotation of the pair of mating
gears.
2. Define normal and axial pitch in helical gears.
Normal pitch is the distance between similar face of adjacent teeth, along a helix on
the pitch cylinder normal to the teeth.
Axial pitch is the distance measured parallel to the axis between similar faces of a
adjacent teeth.
3. What is the maximum efficiency in worm and worm gear?
max =
1-sin/1+sin
4. What are the advantages and limitations of gear drive? Write any two.
Advantages:
1. Since there is no slip, so exact velocity ratio is obtained.
2. It is more efficient and effective means of power transmission.
Limitations:
1. Manufacture of gear is complicated.
2. The error in cutting teeth may cause vibration and noise during operation.
5. Define interference.
The phenomenon when the tip of tooth undercuts the roots on its mating gear is
known as interference.
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pc=D/T
Diametral pitch (pD) : It is the ratio of number of teeth to the pitch circle diameter.
PD=T/D=/pc
8. Define Backslash.
It is the difference between the tooth space and the tooth thickness along the pitch
circle.
Backslash = Tooth space Tooth thickness
9. What is gear train of train of wheels?
Two or more gears re made to mesh with each other to transmit power from one shaft
to another. Such a combination is called a gear train or train of wheels.
10. Write velocity ratio in compound train of wheels?
Speed of last follower - Product of teeth on drivers
Speed of first driver Product of teeth on followers.
11. Define simple gear train.
When there is only one gear on each shaft, it is known as simple gear train.
12. What is reverted gear train?
When the axes of the first and last wheels are co-axial, the train is known as reverted
gear train.
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3.
Interference occurs.
No interference occurs.
4.
Weaker teeth.
Stronger teeth.
19. What is the advantage when arc of recess is equal to arc of approach in meshing
gears?
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When arc of recess equal to arc of approach, the work wasted by friction is minimum
and efficiency of drive is maximum.
23. What is the advantage of a compound gear train over a simple gear train?
The advantage of a compound gear train over a simple gear train is that a much
larger speed reduction from the first shaft to the last shaft can be obtained with small
gears.
24. State the methods to find the velocity ratio of epicyclic gear train.
Two methods are:
1) Tabulation method.
2) Algebraic method.
25. What is the externally applied torques used to keep the gear train in equilibrium?
1) Impart torque on the driving member.
2) Resisting or holding torque on the driven member.
3) Holding or braking torque on the fixed member.
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UNIT 5 - FRICTION
Part A questions:
1 .What is meant by slope of a thread?
It is the inclination of the thread with horizontal.
Slope of thread = tan-1 [Lead screw/Circumference of screw]
2. What are the effects of limiting angle of friction?
1. If limiting angle of friction () is equal to tan-1 ,then the body will move over the plane
irrespective of the magnitude of the force (F) (Limiting force of friction).
2. If <tan-1 , then no motion of body on plane is possible irrespective of how large the
magnitude of F may be.
3. Define co-efficient of friction ().
It is defined as the ratio of the limiting friction (F) to the normal reaction (RN) between the
two bodies.
= Limiting force of friction/Normal reaction = F/RN
4. Differentiate coefficient of friction in square thread and V-thread.
(a) In square thread, = F/RN
(b) In V thread, 1 = /cos
Where
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17.
19. Write down the disadvantage of V-belt drive over flat belt?
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21.
25. When the intensity of pressure acting brake shoe is is assumed to uniform?
The intensity of pressure is assumed to be constant when the break shoe has small
angle of contact. For large angle of contact, it is assumed that the rate of wear of the
shoe remains constant.
.
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KINEMATICS OF MACHINERY
UNIT I: BASICS OF MECHANISMS
PART A (2 Marks)
1. What is Grashofs law for a four bar mechanism
and give out its significance
3. Explain the term kinematic link. Give the classification of kinematic link.
8. Define degree of freedom and give the DOF for a cam with
roller follower.
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2. Using kutzbach Criterion, find the number of degrees of freedom of the two mechanisms
M1 & M2 shown below.
3. In a crank and slotted lever quick return motion mechanism, the distance between fixed
centres is 240mm and the length of driving crank is 120mm. Find the inclination of the
slotted bar with the vertical in the extreme position and the time ratio of cutting stroke to
return stroke. If the length of the slotted is 450mm, find the length of the stroke if the line
of stroke passes through the extreme positions of free end of the lever.
9. Explain with neat sketch the working of crank and slotted lever
quick return motion mechanism. Deduce the expression for length
of stroke in terms of link lengths.
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12. Draw a neat sketch and explain any one approximate straight
line generating mechanism.
14. State and explain Whitworth quick return mechanism. Also derive
an equation for ratio of time taken for return strokes and forward strokes. (AU Dec 2009)
15. Define transmission angle. Sketch a drag-link mechanism in
maximum transmission angle positions and explain.
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2. State the relationship between crank angle and connecting rod angle
of a single slider crank mechanism.
11. Explain how the direction of coriolis acceleration is obtained. (AU May2009, Dec 2008)
12. Define instantaneous centre of velocity.
16. What type of link will have only centripetal component of acceleration
and what types of link will have only linear acceleration.
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2. The lengths of crank and connecting rod of a horizontal reciprocating engine are 100mm
and 500mm respectively. The crank is rotating at 400rpm. When the crank has turned
30 from the inner dead centre, find analytically, the angular velocity and angular
acceleration of the connecting rod.
3. The following data refers to the lengths of links of a six link mechanism in which the
rotary motion of input link 2 is transformed to horizontal linear motion of output slider 6.
Fixed Link 1, A0B0 -= 60mm, Input link2, AoAr=25mm, Coupler link 3, AB=85mm,
Follower link4, BB0=55mm, Connecting rod5, CD = 60mm.
The pin joint C is at the centre of link BB0.The horizontal line of stroke of the slider passes
through the fixed link pivots A0 and B0. B0A0A is 60.
In this position
(i)
(ii) Draw the velocity diagram and determine the linear velocity of the slider, if the input link
constant speed is 2 rad/s clockwise.
(iii) Draw the acceleration diagram and determine the linear acceleration of the slider, which
is connected at one end of the connecting rod, CD.
4. A mechanism of a crank and slotted lever quick return mechanism is shown in Fig 1. If
the crank rotates counter clockwise at 120rpm. Determine for the Configuration shown,
the velocity and acceleration of ram D.
Also determine the angular acceleration of the slotted lever. Crank, AB=150mm; Slotted
arm , OC = 700mm and link CD = 200mm.
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5. For the mechanism shown in FIG below, determine the velocity of slider 6 and that of
link 3 & 4.
6. For the slider crank mechanism shown in fig below, determine (i) the acceleration of
slider B and (ii) acceleration of point C. The crank OA rotates at 180 rpm. OA = 500mm,
AB = 1500mm & AC =250mm.
7. The mechanism of a warping machine is shown in figure below. Various dimensions are
as follows: O1A = 100m; AC = 700mm ; BC = 200mm ; BD = 150mm; O2D =200mm;
O2E = 400mm, O3C = 200mm. the crank O1A rotates at a uniform speed of 100rad/sec.
Determine
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8. In a slider crank mechanism, the length of the crank is 200mm and length of connecting
rod 825mm. the angular velocity and acceleration of crank is 60rad/s and 1100 rad/s2.
When the crank has turned 120from the inner dead centre, find :
10. In a simple steam engine, the lengths of the crank and the connecting rod are 100mm
and 400mm respectively. The weight of the connecting rod is 50 kg and its centre of
mass is 220mm from the cross head centre. The radius of gyration about the centre of
the mass is 120mm. If the engine speed is 300rpm and the crank has turned 45from
IDC, determine :
12. A slider crank mechanism has a crank of 30mm length and connecting rod 50mm length.
The angular velocity of the crank is 10rad/sec (ccw).The angular acceleration of the
crank is 1200 rad/sec2 .The crank makes an angle of 90 with the line of stroke.
Determine acceleration of slider, angular acceleration of connecting rod. (AU Dec 2008)
13. Derive the expression for determining the angular position of the coupler link and the
output link of the four bar mechanism.
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revolves at a uniform speed of 200 r.p.m. Find the velocity and acceleration of the toolbox R, in the position shown in figure below, when the crank makes an angle
of
60with the vertical line PA.What is the acceleration of sliding of the block at B along the
slotted lever PQ?
15. In a Whitworth quick return mechanism, as shown in figure, crank OA rotates at 30 rpm
in clockwise direction. The dimensions of various links are OA = 150 mm, OC = 100 mm,
CD = 125 mm and DR = 500 mm. Determine the acceleration of the sliding block R and
the angular acceleration of the slotted lever BD.
16. For the toggle mechanism as shown in figure, the slider D is constrained to move along
horizontal direction. The crank rotates at 180 rpm. The dimensions of various links are
as follows. OA = 180 mm; CB = 240 mm; AB = 360 mm; BD = 540 mm. For the given
configuration determine (i) the velocity and acceleration of the slider (ii) angular velocity
and angular acceleration of links AB, BC and BD.
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8. What is cam?
11. What are the different of motion with which a follower can move?
16. What is the follower motion used for high speed cams? Why?
20. Construct the displacement diagram for the follower motion to be cycloid.(AU May 2008)
21. What are the classifications of cams based on contact surfaces?
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The ascent and descent of the cam are with simple harmonic motion and the line of
stroke of the follower is offset 10mm from axis of cam shaft.
(i) Draw the displacement diagram
(ii) Draw the profile of the cam.
(iii) What is the maximum velocity and acceleration of the follower during the ascent and
descent if cam rotates at 150 rpm?
2. The following particulars relate to a symmetrical circular cam operating a flat faced
follower ; least radius =25mm, nose radius = 8mm, lift of the valve = 10mm, Angle of
action of cam = 120, cam shaft speed =1000rpm
Follower to complete outward stroke of 25mm during 120 of cam rotation with
equal uniform acceleration and retardation.
(ii)
(iii)
Follower to return to its initial position during 90of cam rotation with equal
uniform acceleration and retardation.
(iv)
Draw the cam profile if the axis of the roller follower passes through the axis of the cam.
4. Draw the cam profile for the following data:
Basic circle radius of cam = 50mm, Lift = 40mm, Angle of ascent with cycloidal = 60,
angle of dwell = 90, angle of descent with uniform velocity = 90, speed of cam =
300rpm, Follower offset = 10mm, Type of follower = knife Edge.
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5. In a symmetrical tangent cam operating a roller follower, the least radius of the cam
30mm and the roller radius is 15mm, the angular of assent is 75and the total lift is
20mm. The speed of the cam is 600 rpm. Calculate :
Basic circle radius of cam = 50mm, Lift = 40mm, Angle of ascent with SHM = 90, Angle
of Dwell = 90, Angle of descent with uniform acceleration and deceleration = 90, speed
of cam = 300 rpm, Type of follower = Roller follower (With roller radius = 10mm).
7. Construct a tangent cam and mention the important terminologies on it. Also derive the
expression for displacement, velocity and acceleration of a reciprocating roller follower
when the roller has contact with the nose.
(AU May2010)
8. It is required to set out the profile of a cam to give the following motion to the
reciprocating follower with a flat mushroom contact face:
(AU May2010)
A disc cam used for moving a knife edge follower with SHM during lift and uniform
acceleration and retardation motion during return. Cam rotates at 300rpm clockwise
direction. The line of motion of follower has an offset 10mm to the right angle of cam
shaft axis. The minimum radius of cam is 30mm. The lift of the follower is 40mm. The
cam rotation angles are: lift 60, dwell 90, return120and remaining angle for dwell.
Draw the cam profile and determine the maximum velocity and acceleration during the
lift and return.
10. A cam is designed for a knife edge follower with following data: Cam lift = 40mm during
90 of cam rotation with SHM, dwell for next 30, during the next 60of cam rotation, the
follower returns to its original position with SHM, dwell during remaining 180. Draw the
profile of the cam when the line of stroke is offset 20mm from axis of cam shaft. The
radius of base circle of cam is 40mm.
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11. What is tangent cam? Derive the expression for the velocity and acceleration for a roller
follower with tangent cam.
12. Draw a cam profile for operating the exhaust valve of an oil engine .It is required to give
equal uniform acceleration and retardation during opening and closing of the valve each
of which corresponds to 60of cam rotation. The valve must remain in the fully open
position for 20of cam rotation. The valve is 37.5mm and least radius of cam is 40mm.
The follower is provided with a roller of radius 20mm and its line of stroke passes
through the axis of the cam.
13. A symmetrical circular cam opening a flat faced follower has the following particulars:
(AU Dec 2008)
Minimum radius of the cam = 30mm; Total lift= 20mm; Angle of lift=75;
Nose radius =5mm; Speed = 600rpm.
Determine: (i) The principal dimensions of the cam.
(ii) Acceleration of the follower at the beginning of lift, at the end of contact
with the circular flank, at the beginning of contact with nose and at the
apex of the nose.
14. A cam drives a flat reciprocating follower in the following manner:
(i)Follower moves outwards through a distance of 20mm with SHM during first 120of
cam rotation.
(ii) Follower dwells during next 30 of cam rotation.
(iii)Follower moves inwards with SHM for next 120 of cam rotation.
(iv)The follower dwells for the remaining period.
Draw the profile of the cam, when minimum radius of cam is 25mm. Also calculate the
maximum velocity and acceleration during outward and inward motion of the follower
when the cam rotates with 200 rpm.
15. Construct a tangent cam and mention the important terminologies on it. Also derive the
expression for displacement, velocity, acceleration of a reciprocating roller follower when
the roller has contact with the nose.
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UNIT 4 - GEARS
PART A (2 Marks)
1. Define the following terms used in a gear: (a) Pressure angle (b) Module. (AU Dec 2011)
2. What are the advantages of planetary gear trains?
3. State the law of gearing.
(AU May2010)
11. Name two curves for use as gear profile, which satisfy the law of gearing. (AU May2010)
12. What is a worm gear drive? Explain with a sketch.
(AU May2010)
(AU May2009)
(AU May2009)
17. Define the following terms used in gears: (a) Pitch circle ,
(b) Circular pitch, (c) Diametral pitch and (d) Module.
(AU May2007)
1. Two involute gears of 20 pressure angle are in mesh. The number of teeth on pinion is
20 and the gear ratio is 2. If the pitch expressed in module is 5 mm, and the pitch line
speed is 1.2 m/s, assuming addendum as standard and equal to one module, find (i) the
angle turned through by pinion when one pair of teeth is in mesh; and (ii) the maximum
velocity of sliding.
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The internal gear D has 90 teeth and the sun gear A has 40 teeth. The two planet gears B
& C are identical and they are attached to an arm as shown. How many revolutions does
the arm makes,
(i)
(ii)
3. (i) State and prove the law of gearing and thus derive the expression for Velocity of
sliding.
(ii)Show that the involute curves as the profiles of mating gears satisfy the law of gearing.
4. Two planet gears B & C having 30 teeth each are attached to the arm E as shown in
figure below and gear A is having 40 teeth instead of 50 , then find the number of
revolutions made by the arm, when:
(i)Gear A makes one revolution clockwise and D makes half a revolution anticlockwise.
(ii)Gear A makes one revolution clockwise and D is stationary.
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5. The pressure angle of two gears is 20 and has a module of 10mm. The number of teeth
on pinion and gear is same and equal to one module. Determine (i) the number of pairs
of teeth in contact and (ii) the angle of action of pinion and gear and the ratio of sliding to
rolling velocity at the beginning of contact. The pitch circle diameter of the annular gear
in the epicyclic gear train in fig below is 425mm and the module is 5mm. when the
annular gear 3 is stationary, the spindle a makes one revolution in the same sense as
the sun gear 1 for every 6 revolutions of the driving spindle carrying the sun gear . All the
planet gears are of same size. Determine number of teeth on all gears.(AU Dec 2010)
6. Prove that the maximum lengths of arc of contact between a pair of gear tooth to avoid
interference are (r+R) tan.
7. Diagrammatically show the following with reference to a spur gear tooth: Face width,
pitch circle, clearance, tooth thickness, addendum& dedendum.
8. A pair of spur gears with involute teeth is to give a gear ratio 0f 3:1. The arc of approach
is not to be less than the circular pitch and smaller wheel is the driver. The angle of
pressure is 20.
(i) What is the least number of teeth that can be used on each wheel?
(ii) What is the addendum of the wheel in terms of circular pitch?
9. In an epicyclic gear train, an annular wheel A having 54 teeth meshes with a planet
wheel B which gears with a sun wheel C, the wheels A and C being rotated about the
axis of the wheels A &C.If the wheel A makes 20 rpm in a clockwise sense and the arm
rotates at 100rpm in the anticlockwise direction and wheel C.
10. A pinion of 20 involute teeth and 125 mm pitch circle diameter drives a rack. The
addendum of both pinion and rack is 6.25mm.What is the least pressure angle which
can be used to avoid interference? With this pressure angle , find the length of arc and
the minimum number of teeth in contact at a time.
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11. In an epicyclic gear train shown in fig below, the pinion A has 15 teeth and is rigidly fixed
in the motor shaft. The wheel B has 20 teeth and gears with A, and also with annular
fixed wheel D. Pinion C has 15 teeth and is integral with B(C, B being a compound gear
wheel). Gear C meshes with annular wheel E, which is keyed to the machine shaft. The
arm rotates about the same shaft on which A is fixed and carries the compound wheel BC. If the motor runs at 1000 rpm, find the speed of the machine shaft. (AU Dec 2008)
12. Derive an expression for minimum number of teeth on the wheel in order to avoid
interference
13. Two mating gears have 20 and 40 involute teeth of module 10mm and 20 pressure
angle .The addendum on each wheel is to be made of such a length that the line of
contact on each side of the pitch point has half of the maximum possible length.
Determine the addendum height for each gear wheel, length of the path of contact, arc
of contact and contact ratio.
14. Explain the procedure adopted for designing the spur wheels.
15. A compound epicyclic gear is shown in figure below. The gears A,D & E are free to
rotate on axis P. The compound gears B & C rotate together on the axis Q at the end of
arm F.All gears have equal pitch. The number of external teeth on gears A,B of arm F.All
the gears have equal pitch. The number of external teeth on gears A, Band C are 18,45
and 21 respectively. The gears D & E are annulus gears. The gear A rotates at 100 rpm
in anticlockwise direction and gear D rotates at 450 rpm clockwise .Find the speed and
direction of the arm and the gear E.
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UNIT 5
FRICTION PART A
1. What is limiting angle of friction.
4. What are the advantages of V belt drive over flat belt drive?
12. What are self locking screws? Why self locking screws
have lesser efficiency?
18. How centrifugal tension affects the power transmission in belt drive.
(AU May2008)
22. What are the advantages of wire ropes over fabric ropes?
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2. A single plate clutch has dimensions 300mm outside diameter and 100mm inside
diameter. Both side of the plate are effective. Assuming uniform wear and coefficient of
friction of 0.35, determine the maximum power that can be transmitted at 1500rpm,if the
maximum pressure on the plate is not to exceed 1 MN/m 2 .Find also the minimum
intensity of pressure and its location.
3. Prove that the limiting ration of tensions in a flat belt drive is given by the equation
T1
= e.
T2
6. A rotor is driven by a coaxial motor through a single plate clutch, both sides of the plate
being effective .The external and internal diameters of the plate are respectively 220mm
and 160mm and the total spring load pressing the plates together is 570N.The motor
armature and shaft has a mass of 800kg with an effective radius of gyration of 200mm.
The rotor has a mass of 1300kg with an effective radius of gyration of 180mm.The
coefficient of friction for the clutch is 0.35.The driving motor is brought up to a speed of
1250rpm when the current is switched off and the clutch suddenly engaged.
(AU Dec 2011)
Determine
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
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7. Prove that the torque transmitted by a cone clutch, when the intensity of pressure is
uniform is given b y, T =
2 W
3
(r1
3sin
r2 3 / r1 2
8. An effort of 200N is required to just move certain body up an inclined plane of an angle
15, the force is acting parallel to the plane. If the angle of inclination of the plane. If the
angle of inclination of the plane is made 20, the effort required parallel to the plane is
found to be as 230N. Determine the weight of the body and the coefficient of friction.
(AU Dec 2010)
9.
10. What are block brakes? Derive an expression relating the applied force and breaking
torque in a block brake.
11. The diameter of a block brake is 250mm. The L shaped lever has its longer arm
horizontal. The vertical distance of the pivot (of the lever) from the centre of the drum is
75mm. the horizontal distance of the pivot from the centre of the drum is 200mm.An
effort of 700N (vertical) is applied at a horizontal distance of 400mm from the pivot. The
contact angle of the block is 90 degrees. The coefficient of friction is 0.35.Determine the
breaking torque.
13. A pulley is driven by a flat belt, angle of lap being 120degrees.The belt weighs 6Nper
meter run. The coefficient of friction is 0.3 and maximum stress in the belt is not to
exceed 200N/cm2 . The belt is 10cm wide and 0.6 cm thick. Find the maximum power
that can be transmitted and the corresponding speed of the belt.
14. A single plate friction clutch with both sides of plate being effective is used to transmit
power at an engine speed of 200rpm. It has outer and inner radii 10cm and 8cm
respectively. Find maximum power transmitted and the corresponding axial thrust, if the
maximum intensity of pressure is not to exceed 0.08N/mm 2 .
friction as 0.25.
Assume coefficient of
(AU Dec 2009)
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15. A flat belt runs on a pulley 1m in diameter and transmits 8kW at 200rpm. Assuming
angle of lap as 170and coefficient of friction as 0.25.Find the necessary width of belt if
the pull is not to exceed 200N/cm width of the belt.
Neglect centrifugal tension.
17. A bicycle and rider of mass 100kg are travelling at the rate of 16km/hr on a level road. A
brake is applied to the rear wheel which is 0.9m in diameter and this is the only
resistance acting. How many turns will it make before it comes to rest? The pressure
applied on the brake is 100N and = 0.05
18. A rope drive is required to transmit 230kw form a pulley of 1m diameter running at
450rpm.The safe pull in each rope is 800N and the mass of the rope is 0.4kg/meter
length. The angle of lap and the groove is 160and 45respectively.If = 0.3, find the
number of ropes required.
19. Derive an expression for the torque required to lift a load by a screw jack, if l is the
length of the arm.
20. A leather faced conical clutch has a cone angle of 30.If the intensity of pressure
between the contact surfaces is limited to 0.35Mpa and the breadth of the conical
surface is not to exceed one third of mean radius, find the dimensions of the contact
surfaces to transmit 22.5kW at 2000rpm.Assume uniform rate of wear and take
coefficient of friction as 0.15.
21. An open belt drive connects two pulleys 120cm and 50cm diameters on parallel shafts
4m apart .The maximum tension in the belt is 1855N.The coefficient of friction is 0.3.The
driver pulley of diameter 120cm runs at 200rpm.Calculate (i) the power transmitted (ii)
the torque on each of the two shafts.
22. A band brake acts on the 3/4thof circumference of a drum of 450mm diameter which is
keyed to the shaft. The band brake provides a braking torque of 225 N-m.One end of the
band is attached to a fulcrum pin of the lever and other end to a pin 100 mm from the
fulcrum. If the operating force is applied at 500mm from the fulcrum and the coefficient of
friction is 0.25, find the operating force when the drum rotates in anticlockwise direction.
(AU Dec 2007)
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