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Candidate Examination Guide

for
The Pan-Canadian Written and Clinical Case-Study Examinations for
TCM Acupuncturists, TCM Herbalists and TCM Practitioners

CARB-TCMPA
Issued: May 2013
Revised: July 2013

CARB-TCMPA Candidate Examination Guide

About CARB-TCMPA.................................................................................................................... 1
Purpose of CARB-TCMPA........................................................................................................1
Mission........................................................................................................................................1
Contact Information....................................................................................................................1
About the Examination ................................................................................................................... 3
Purpose of the Examination........................................................................................................3
Written Examination...................................................................................................................3
Length of written examinations...............................................................................................3
Format of written examination...............................................................................................3
Clinical Case-Study Examination...............................................................................................4
Length of clinical case-study examinations............................................................................4
Format of clinical case-study examinations...........................................................................4
Examination Sites.......................................................................................................................5
Registration Information.............................................................................................................5
Examination Fees........................................................................................................................5
Eligibility Criteria.......................................................................................................................5
Examination Procedures.............................................................................................................5
Security ........................................................................................................................................... 6
Code of Conduct for the Examination........................................................................................6
Protocol in the Event of Suspected Cheating..............................................................................7
Scoring ............................................................................................................................................ 8
Setting the Passing Score: Written and Clinical Case-Study Examinations...............................8
Marking the Examination: Written Examination....................................................................8
Marking the Examination: Clinical Case-Study Examination................................................8
Examination Results...................................................................................................................9
Policies ............................................................................................................................................ 9
Testing Accommodations...........................................................................................................9
Refund Policy..............................................................................................................................9
Withdrawal..................................................................................................................................9
Rewrite Policy.............................................................................................................................9
Request for Rescore of Examination..........................................................................................9
Extenuating Circumstances.......................................................................................................10
i

Suggested References/Appendices ............................................................................................... 10


Appendix A: Entry into the Examination Room Policy...........................................................11
Appendix B: Suggested References..........................................................................................12
Appendix C: Standard Acupuncture Nomenclature.................................................................17
Appendix D: Terminology related to Tongue diagnosis...........................................................30
Appendix E: Terminology related to Pulse diagnosis...............................................................31
Appendix F: Index of Materia Medica......................................................................................32
Appendix G: List of TCM Formulae........................................................................................42

ii

About CARB-TCMPA

The Canadian Alliance of Regulatory Bodies of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and
Acupuncturists (CARB-TCMPA) is the national organization of provincial and territorial
regulatory bodies that govern and monitor the practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
Practitioners, Acupuncturists and/or Herbalists.
The current members of CARB-TCMPA comprise:
College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and Acupuncturists of British
Columbia (CTCMA-BC);
College and Association of Acupuncturists of Alberta (CAAA);
Ordre des acupuncteurs du Qubec (OAQ);
College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and Acupuncturists of Ontario
(CTCMPAO); and
College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and Acupuncturists of
Newfoundland and Labrador (CTCMPANL).
Purpose of CARB-TCMPA
Each of these regulatory bodies is established by provincial/territorial law with a mandate to
protect the publics right to safe, competent and ethical services offered by registered TCM
Practitioners, TCM Acupuncturists, and/or TCM Herbalists who are members of the regulatory
bodies. Currently, British Columbia and Ontario regulate both TCM Practitioners and
Acupuncturists. Alberta, Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador regulate Acupuncturists only.
Mission
The objectives of CARB-TCMPA are:
To serve as the collective voice of the provincial and territorial regulatory bodies of TCM
Practitioners, TCM Acupuncturists and/or TCM Herbalists;
To work collaboratively on common issues that impact on the regulation, safe and
quality practices, education and training of TCM Practitioners, TCM Acupuncturists
and/or TCM Herbalists;
To develop, implement and maintain programs of national interest;
To develop mechanisms and programs to facilitate mobility of TCM Practitioners, TCM
Acupuncturists and/or TCM Herbalists in Canada; and
To work with national and international agencies, where appropriate.
Contact Information
For questions or further information or clarification, please contact your regulatory body.

ALBERTA (AB)
College & Association of Acupuncturists of Alberta (CAAA)
5213-87 St. NW
Edmonton, AB T6E 5L5
Tel: 780-466-7787
www.acupuncturealberta.ca

BRITISH COLUMBIA (BC)


College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and Acupuncturists of British Columbia
1664 West 8th Avenue
Vancouver, BC V6J 1V4
Tel: 604-738-7100
Fax: 604-738-7171
E-mail: info@ctcma.bc.ca
http://www.ctcma.bc.ca/index.asp
NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR (NL)
College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and Acupuncturists of Newfoundland and
Labrador (CTCMPANL)
47 Leslie Street
St. Johns, NL A1E 2V7
Tel: 709-763-7869
http://www.ctcmpanl.ca/
ONTARIO (ON)
College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and Acupuncturists of Ontario
163 Queen Street East, 4th Floor
Toronto, ON M5A 1S1
Tel: 416-862-4790
Toll free in Ontario: 866-624-8483
Fax: 416-874-4078
E-mail: info@ctcmpao.on.ca
http://www.ctcmpao.on.ca/index.html
QUEBEC (QC)
LOrdre des acupuncteurs du Qubec
505, boul. Ren-Lvesque Ouest
office 1106
Montral, QC H2Z 1Y7
Tel: (514) 523-2882
Outside Montral: 1-800-474-5914
Fax: 514-523-9669
Email: info@ordredesacupuncteurs.qc.ca

About the Examination


Purpose of the Examination
The purpose of the Pan-Canadian examinations is to determine if candidates have acquired the
minimum entry-level competency for practice as a TCM Practitioner, TCM Acupuncturist and/or
TCM Herbalist to be considered for registration by the provincial regulatory body. The public is
thus protected when receiving treatment from registered professionals. The examination(s) must
be written by all candidates, including graduates from Canada and those completing their
education outside of Canada.
The examination is designed to assess knowledge, skills and abilities required for practice. A
passing result on the examination indicates that the candidate has demonstrated the minimal
standard of competence. A fail result indicates that the candidate has not yet demonstrated the
minimal standard of competence.
Each Pan-Canadian examination consists of two parts: a written and a clinical case-study
component. Candidates are required to pass the written examination before advancing to take the
clinical case-study examination.
Written Examination

Length of written examinations


There will be three written examination papers.
The Pan-Canadian Written Examination for TCM Practitioners. This paper will have
three sections: one to assess competencies that are common (applicable to both TCM
acupuncture and TCM herbology), one section relating solely to TCM acupuncture; and
one section relating solely to TCM herbology. It will consist of approximately 200-210
multiple-choice questions. Candidates will have 4 hours to complete this examination.

The Pan-Canadian Written Examination for TCM Acupuncturists. This paper will have
two sections: one to assess competencies that are common and one relating solely to
TCM acupuncture. It will consist of approximately 150-160 multiple-choice
questions. Candidates will have 3 hours to complete this examination.

The Pan-Canadian Written Examination for TCM Herbalists. This paper will have two
sections: one to assess competencies that are common and one relating solely to TCM
herbology. It will consist of approximately 150-160 multiple-choice questions.
Candidates will have 3 hours to complete this examination.

Format of written examination


The multiple-choice questions are presented either as case-based or independent questions. Casebased questions will include a set of approximately three to five questions associated with a brief
case scenario. The candidate is required to read the case scenario carefully and use the content to
assist in answering all the associated questions. Independent questions will contain the
information necessary to answer the question. Every question will consist of a stem (question)
and four possible options. There is only ONE correct or best answer for each question.
3

Clinical Case-Study Examination

Length of clinical case-study examinations


There will be three clinical case-study examination papers.
The Pan-Canadian Clinical Case-Study Examination for TCM Practitioners
The cases will assess diagnosis (TCM illness and syndrome differentiation), etiology and
pathogenesis, treatment principles, acupuncture treatment, herbal therapy, and biomedical
diagnosis and treatment considerations. Candidates will have 3 hours to complete this
examination.

The Pan-Canadian Clinical Case-Study Examination for TCM Acupuncturists


The cases will assess diagnosis (TCM illness and syndrome differentiation), etiology and
pathogenesis, treatment principles, acupuncture treatment, and biomedical diagnosis and
treatment considerations. Candidates will have 2 hours to complete this examination.

The Pan-Canadian Clinical Case-Study Examination for TCM Herbalists


The cases will assess diagnosis (TCM illness and syndrome differentiation), etiology and
pathogenesis, treatment principles, herbal therapy, and biomedical diagnosis and
treatment considerations. Candidates will have 2 hours to complete this examination.

Format of clinical case-study examinations


The Pan-Canadian clinical case-study examinations will consist of six to eight clinical case-study
situations requiring open-ended candidate responses. For each case, the following presenting
conditions may be provided.
Chief complaint(s)
Symptoms and signs
General patient information, such as age, gender, occupation and marital status
Personal history and medications including supplements
Family history
Other necessary information, such as lifestyle, diet, exercise, environmental factors
Candidate responses to the clinical case-study situations will be assessed based on the following
six criteria:(a) diagnosis (TCM illness and syndrome differentiation); (b) etiology and
pathogenesis; (c) treatment principles; (d) acupuncture treatment; (e) herbal therapy and;
(f) biomedical diagnosis and treatment considerations.
Refer to the Blueprint for more detailed information regarding the Pan-Canadian written
and clinical case-study examinations.

Examination Sites
The written and clinical case-study examinations for the TCM Practitioners, TCM
Acupuncturists and TCM Herbalists will be offered in:
o Edmonton, AB;
o Vancouver, BC ;
o St. Johns, NL; and
o Toronto, ON.

The exact examination centre location, address and room details will be provided to all
candidates about one month before the exam date.
Registration Information
Refer to examination application package of your regulatory body for registration information.
Examination Fees
Refer to examination application package of your regulatory body for a listing of all fees.
Eligibility Criteria
Refer to examination application package of your regulatory body.
Examination Procedures
In order to ensure that the examinations are administered in a standardized manner, candidates
must adhere to the following procedures.
1. Before the examination begins, a candidate must register for the examination by
presenting at least one piece of identification bearing the candidates name, photograph
and signature (e.g., passport, drivers license). Arrive early at the examination site to
allow time for this registration process.
2. Arriving for the examination: (a) Candidates who arrive after the commencement of the
examination may not be permitted to write the exam. (b) Candidates must arrive at
designated time as stated on the website.
3. Candidates are not allowed to bring any blank paper, notes, books or other reference
materials into the examination rooms. No electronic devices of any kind are permitted.
No electronic or paper medical or technical dictionaries are permitted. Dictionaries (in
printed form) for general language translation must be approved by the examiner prior to
the beginning of the examination. Please refer to the Entry into the Examination Room
Policy (Appendix A) for more specific information.
4. No food items or drinks (except bottled water in a transparent container with no label) are
allowed in the examination room, unless a medical report is submitted at time of
application.
5. Only the candidates, examiners and examination invigilators will be allowed into the
examination rooms. Candidates must not leave an examination room during the course of
the examination without an examiners or examination invigilators permission.

6. Candidates requesting a washroom break during the examination will be escorted. Extra
time to complete the examination will not be afforded to these candidates.
7. Candidates must not convey information in any manner whatsoever to other
candidates during and/or after the examination. Any questions or comments
candidates may raise during the examinations must be directed to an examiner or
examination invigilator.
8. Upon completing an examination, candidates must hand in their examination booklets,
answer sheets, and all notes they made during the examination to an examiner or
examination invigilator.
9. Candidates are not allowed to write notes on their hands or any part of their body before,
during or after the examination.

Security

Security precautions eliminate unfair advantages among the candidates and avoid the high
human/financial costs of replacing examination materials. That is why the strictest security
measures are taken to protect the content of the examination before, during and after the
examination.
All examination materials are protected by copyright. The regulatory bodies takes strict security
measures to protect examination materials during all phases of development and administration
including development and review of material, reproduction, transportation and disposal of
materials, and administration of material to candidates.
Code of Conduct for the Examination
Candidates are subject to the Rules of Conduct as described below. Candidates who contravene
the Rules of Conduct may be denied participation, may have results invalidated and/or may be
denied admission to the examination. Each candidate, by the act of participating in a PanCanadian examination, agrees to abide by the following Code of Conduct.
1. Candidates acknowledge that the examination and the items therein are the exclusive
property of the regulatory body.
2. Candidates acknowledge that they CANNOT remove any part of the examination from
the test site, nor can they give or receive assistance from another candidate during the
examination.
3. Candidates acknowledge that their behaviour before, during and after the examination
must be such that it does not disturb other candidates. This includes unnecessary
questioning of examination policies and procedures, disruptive comments about the
examination or other behaviour that, in the opinion of the examination invigilators, could
cause anxiety for other candidates.

4. Candidates acknowledge that their participation in any act of cheating, as described


below, may be sufficient cause for the regulatory body to terminate their participation, to
invalidate the results of their examination or to take any other necessary action.
5. Cheating refers to any act or omission by a candidate that could affect the result of that
candidate, another candidate or a potential future candidate. These acts include:
a) non-eligible individuals posing as eligible candidates;
b) bringing study or reference materials to the test area;
c) giving or receiving assistance to or from another candidate during the
examination;
d) removing or attempting to remove examination material by any means, electronic
or otherwise, from the testing site; and
e) receiving or giving information about the written component or the clinical
component either before or after1 the examination. For example, releasing
information about questions such as diagnosis or tasks and activities involved in
the examination. Note: this includes discussing examination items or other
information about the examination with examiners or other candidates after
the examinations.
Protocol in the Event of Suspected Cheating
1. If the examiners and/or examination invigilators suspect that cheating may have occurred,
they may confiscate a candidates test materials, as well as other documents or objects or
materials that could be used for cheating, and require the candidate or other person(s) to
leave the examination site. The regulatory body reserves the right to photograph
candidates or groups of candidates for later use as evidence and to use monitoring and
surveillance technologies to detect and document cheating.
2. Candidates may be asked to change their seats during the examination if they are
suspected of cheating.
3. The examiners and/or the examination invigilators shall report any suspected cheating to
the registrar or designate (herein known as the Head Invigilator).
4. The Head Invigilator shall conduct appropriate investigations of the alleged cheating and
shall make one of the following decisions:
Declare that the occurrence of cheating was not established;
Declare that cheating did occur.
5. If the Head Invigilator declares that the occurrence of cheating was not established, the
candidates score shall be released, if possible, or the candidate shall be permitted to sit
the next available examination without charge.

1 Debriefing increases the understanding of examination. Information gained in debriefing could act as an unfair advantage to
unsuccessful candidates on future examinations. Confidentiality of information should be considered in the same way as
confidentiality of patient information; the duty to maintain confidentiality is continuous.

6. Cheating may be declared at any time after a candidate has registered and includes the
time after the examination as well as after results have been released.
7. If the Head Invigilator declares that cheating did occur, one or more of the following may
occur.
The candidate will be deemed to have failed the examination.
The Head Invigilator shall report findings to the regulatory body.
The candidate may be prosecuted.
The regulatory body may deny further access to the examination.

Scoring
Setting the Passing Score: Written and Clinical Case-Study Examinations
Marking the Examination: Written Examination
The computer answer sheets are electronically scanned and scored. It is very important that these
answer sheets are filled out correctly. Quality control reports and checks are done during and
after marking to ensure accuracy. Each multiple-choice question is worth one point. A correct
answer receives a score of one point and an incorrect answer receives a score of zero. There is no
penalty for incorrect or blank responses. If you are not certain, select your best option.
The passing score for the examination is set by the Examination Committee using the modified
Angoff method. The modified Angoff method is one of the most widely used and accepted
methods for establishing the passing score in registration/licensure examinations. The modified
Angoff method requires each member of the committee to independently rate each question on
the examination in terms of the minimally competent candidate. The minimally competent
candidate can be conceptualized as the candidate possessing the minimum level of knowledge
and skills necessary to perform at a registration/licensure level. To do the rating, the committee
members ask themselves what percentage of minimally competent candidates will answer this
question correctly? The ratings from all members are then collated and tabulated to achieve the
average rating per item. These ratings are then averaged to obtain the passing score for the total
examination.
Marking the Examination: Clinical Case-Study Examination
Each case-study examination situation, depending on the components of the question, will be
scored on a scale ranging from 0 (no understanding of the problem) to 4 points (complete
response). The final mark for a candidate is simply the sum of all score points for the clinical
case-study questions.
The passing score for the examination is set by the Examination Committee using the extended
Angoff method. Instead of asking participants to estimate the probability of a correct response on
a multiple-choice question, the participants will be asked to indicate the score a minimally
competent candidate would obtain out of the maximum points allowed for the question. Thus, the
passing score for the exam is the average rating of all the participants standard-setting
responses.

Examination Results
A candidate must pass both the written and clinical case-study components of the examination to
be considered for registration as a TCM Practitioner, TCM Acupuncturist or TCM Herbalist.
Results will NOT be given over the telephone or by fax for reasons of confidentiality.

Refer to the examination application package of your regulatory body for more information on
when to expect results and the method of how you will receive them (e.g., mail, e-mail, online).

Policies
Testing Accommodations
Reasonable accommodation will be made for a special needs candidate. Alternative accessible
arrangements under comparable testing conditions may be available to a candidate with special
needs. Documentation (for example, physician's report or letter, educational assessment,
accommodation provided by the institute of training) must be received with the application for
consideration 9 weeks prior to the examination date. Requests for accommodation of special
needs will be considered on a case-by-case basis. Please refer to the examination application
package of your regulatory body for more information.
Refund Policy
Refer to the examination application package of your regulatory body for more information.
Please note that the application fee is non-refundable.
Withdrawal
Requests to withdraw from the examination must be made in writing and must be received by the
regulatory body before the withdrawal deadline to obtain a refund of the examination fee. Verbal
withdrawals are not accepted. If withdrawal requests are NOT received by the deadline, no
portion of the application/examination fee will be refunded. Please note that NO deferral is
allowed.
Please refer to the examination application package of your regulatory body for specific
information on fees and deadlines.
Rewrite Policy
Failing candidates may wish to retake the examination (either written or clinical case-study
component). Please refer to the examination application package of your regulatory body for
more information on this request.
Request for Rescore of Examination
To have an examination reviewed/rescored, candidates must submit a signed and dated written
request to their regulatory body within 11 weeks of the date of the examination. Candidates are
required to include the rescoring fee with the rescore request.
Candidates who fail the examination should be aware that their examination answer sheets have
been scored according to psychometric best practices. The examinations are considered valid and
reliable. It should be noted that any additional rescoring of the answer sheets is unlikely to alter
the scoring results.

Please refer to the examination application package of your regulatory body for specific
information on fees and deadlines.

Extenuating Circumstances
A candidate who is absent from the examination due to unforeseen circumstances (e.g., illness,
death in the family) must submit a signed and dated written notification with any supporting
documents, such as doctors note, to the registrar by the regulatory bodys deadline to apply for a
refund. The regulatory body will determine whether a refund of should be issued to the
candidate.
If an exam is disrupted through circumstances beyond the control of the examination site and the
regulatory body (such as power failure or extreme weather), the invigilator will contact the
regulatory body about adjusting the timing of the examination.
On examination day, if you cannot reach the examination site because of circumstances beyond
your control, you must contact your regulatory body before the start of the examination.

Suggested References/Appendices

References
The Blueprint and Examination Committees suggest that the following references which,
although not exhaustive, may be helpful to candidates in preparation for the Pan-Canadian TCM
written and clinical case-study examinations. Candidates are also encouraged to consult
comparable references as they wish. For convenience, the suggested references have been
grouped into five categories.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

Foundations/Diagnosis
Clinical Practice/Treatment
Acupuncture
Herbology/Formulas
Biomedicine and other related areas (e.g., by-laws, safety)

Please refer to Appendix B for a detailed list of references.


List of Appendices
In addition to the references, the Blueprint and Examination Committees suggest that the
candidates should be familiar with the following: (a) standard acupuncture nomenclature;
(b) terminology related to Tongue diagnosis; (c) terminology related to Pulse diagnosis; and
(d) Index for Maria Medica. These are provided in the following of appendices:

Appendix C:
Appendix D:
Appendix E:
Appendix F:
Appendix G:

Standard Acupuncture Nomenclature


Terminology related to Tongue diagnosis
Terminology related to Pulse diagnosis
Index of Materia Medica
List of TCM Formulae

10

Appendix A: Entry into the Examination Room Policy


Permitted Items
in the Examination Room
Items for Writing the Examination:

Photo identification showing complete legal name


Sharpened Pencils and Erasers
ID card with barcode labels (provided)

Permitted Items in a Designated Area


of the Examination Room
To be placed in a designated area:

Strictly Prohibited Items:

The following items are only permitted in a designated area (e.g.,


away from the desk/table and not under the chair).

X Any electronic or communication devices including but

Important: Must be a government issued photo ID


(e.g., drivers license, passport, or military ID). The first
and last name printed on the photo ID must match exactly
the first and last name submitted to the regulatory body on
your examination application form.

Clothing:

Layered clothing
Clothing with no pockets or a hood
Footwear: candidates should wear soft-soled shoes in
order to maintain a quiet exam environment

Important: Invigilators are entitled to ask to check candidates


hats, head coverings, pockets, etc. in order to maintain
examination security. If a candidate prefers this to be done in
private, he or she may ask the invigilator to conduct the check
in private. Candidates have the right to refuse this check, but if
they do so, they will not be permitted to write the examination,
which will be the equivalent of an automatic fail.

Personal Items:
The following items must be placed in a small clear plastic bag
and visible during the admission to the examination room:
Throat lozenges
Clear plastic package of tissues
Foam/non-electronic ear plugs
Analog watch
Important: The above personal items are permitted at your
desk. These items must be visible at all times. Any other
personal item must be stored in a designated area in or outside
of the examination room.

Items Not Permitted


in the Examination Room

Bags of any kind (backpack, knapsack,


briefcase, tote bag, etc.)
Feminine hygiene products
Purses or wallets
Coats or jackets
Gloves and/or scarves

Important: If any of the above items are brought into the exam
room, you will be required to leave them in a designated area in
or outside of the room. Anything lost/stolen is the candidates
responsibility.

Special Requests:
If you have a disability prohibiting you from taking the
examination under the conditions stated above or a special
request such as a medical need (e.g., hearing aid, medication,
asthma pump, etc.), you must receive advanced approval by the
regulatory body during the application process to allow special
items in the exam room on exam day.

Important reminders:
X Dont wear shoes that make noise e.g. high heels or flip

flops, etc.
X To respect those who are sensitive to scents, the

examination room is a scent-free environment Scents e.g.


dont wear perfume, lotion, cologne, aftershave, etc.

If you have any concerns or questions, please


contact the regulatory body.

not limited to the following.


Cell phone/mobile phone
Personal digital assistant (PDA)
iPod/iPad
Digital Watch
Hand-held computer
Headphone/headset/earpiece
Calculator
Music equipment
Pager
Recording device
Camera of any kind
X Study materials of any kind, including but not limited to

the following.
Books
Notes
Blank paper
Electronic or paper medical or technical
dictionaries
X Important: Dictionaries (in printed form) for general

language translation may be used but must be approved


by the examiner prior to beginning of the examination.
X Hats of any kind, including but not limited to the

following:
Baseball caps
Tuque (knitted cap)
X Food or drink, including candy and gum (however, the

candidate is allowed a transparent water bottle with no


label).
X Important: Special medical needs must be requested in

advance by the candidate and must be authorized by (the


regulatory body).
X Pens of any kind (ink, ballpoint, digital, mechanical pen

with eraser)

You may be denied access into the examination room if this policy is not adhered to.
11

Appendix B: Suggested References

1.
Foundations/Diagnosis
Kirschbaum, B. (2000). Atlas of Chinese tongue diagnosis. Seattle, WA: Eastland Press.
(ISBN: 0-939616-3-5)
Li, S. Z. (1985). Pulse diagnosis. Translated by Hoc Ku Huynh. Brookline, MA:
Paradigm Publications. (ISBN: 0-912111-06-2)
Liu, Z. W., & Liu, L. (2009). Essentials of Chinese medicine (Volumes 1, 2, 3). Beijing
University of Chinese Medicine and School of Chinese Medicine, Baptist
University, Hong Kong: Springer.
Maciocia, G. (1987). Foundations of Chinese medicine. Edinborough, UK: Churchill
Livingstone, Roberts Stevenson House. (ISBN: 0-443-03980-1)
Maciocia, G. (1999). Tongue diagnosis in Chinese medicine (Revised ed.). Washington,
DC: Eastland Press. (ISBN: 978-0939616190)
Maciocia, G. (2004). Diagnosis in Chinese medicine-A comprehensive guide. Churchill
Livingstone. (ISBN: 0-443-06448-2)
Maciocia, G. (2005). The foundations of Chinese medicine: A comprehensive text for
acupuncturists and herbalists (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier Churchill
Livingstone.
Ni, M. (1995). The yellow emperors classic of medicine (A new Translation of the
Neijing Suwen). Boston: Shambhala Publications Inc.
Shanghai College of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Coloured diapositives of tongue
diagnosis in Traditional Chinese Medicine (2nd ed.). Author.
Wang, B. (2000). Yellow Emperors cannon: Internal medicine. China Science and
Technology Press. (ISBN 7-5046-2231-1)
Wang, G. (2002). Diagnostics of traditional Chinese medicine. Shanghai University of
TCM.
Wiseman, N. (1996). English Chinese/Chinese English Dictionary of Chinese Medicine.
Human Science & Technology Press.
World Health Organization. (2007). International standard terminologies on traditional
medicine in the Western Pacific Region. Author.
Wu, C. (2009). Basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Shanghai University of
TCM.

12

Zang, E. J. Treatise of febrile diseases caused by cold (Shang Han Lun). New World
Press. ISBN: 9787801878496
Zhong, Zhonging, et al. (1996). Treatise of febrile diseases caused by cold (Shang Han
Lun). New World Press.

2.

Clinical Practice/Treatment

Cen, Z. B. (1984). TCM Traumatology. Shanghai Science and Technique Press.


(ISBN 7-5323-0313-6)
Fan, Q. (2003). Internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine. Shanghai University
of TCM.
Huang, G. (2003). Traumatology and orthopedics of traditional Chinese medicine.
Shanghai University of TCM.
Maciocia, G. (1998). Obstetrics & gynecology in Chinese medicine. New York: Churchill
Livingstone.
Maciocia, G. (2007). The practice of Chinese medicine: Treatment of diseases with
acupuncture and Chinese herbs (2nd ed.). Churchill Livingstone.
MacLean, W., & Lyttleton, J. (2000). Clinical handbook of internal medicine (Vol. 1 &
2). Sydney, Australia: University of Western Sydney.
Prichford, P. (2002). Healing with whole food: Asian tradition and modern nutrition (3rd
ed.). North Atlantic Books.
Tan, Y. (2002). Gynecology of TCM. Shanghai University of TCM.
Wang, S. (2002). Pediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine. Shanghai University of
TCM.
Wang, X. (2003). Life cultivation and rehabilitation of traditional Chinese medicine.
Shanghai University of TCM.
Wang, Y. et al. (2002). Internal medicine of TCM. Shanghai University of TCM.
(ISBN 7-81010-660-0)
Zhai, Y. (2002). Surgery of traditional Chinese medicine. Shanghai University of TCM.

13

3.

Acupuncture

Auteroche, B. et al. (1992). Acupuncture & moxibustion: A guide to clinical practice.


Churchill Livingstone.
Bensky, D., & OConnor, J. (1996). Acupuncture: A comprehensive text. Shanghai
College of Traditional Medicine. Seattle, WA: Eastland Press.
Cheng, X. (Chief Ed.). (1999). Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. (Revised ed.).
Foreign Language Press Beijing. (ISBN: 7-119-01758-6)
Cheng, X. (Chief Ed.). (2005). Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion (2nd ed.) Foreign
Language Press Beijing. (ISBN: 7-119-01758-6)
Cheng, X. (Chief Ed.). (2010). Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion (3rd ed.) Foreign
Language Press Beijing.
Chirali, I. Z. (2007). Traditional Chinese medicine cupping therapy (2nd ed.). Churchill
Livingstone.
Deadman, P., Baker, K. et al. (1998). A manual of acupuncture. Washington, DC:
Eastland Press. (ISBN: 0951054678)
Deadman, P., Mazin, A.-K., & Baker, K. (2001). A manual of acupuncture. East Sussex,
England: Journal of Chinese Medicine.
Deadman, P., Mazin, A.-K., & Baker, K. (2007). A manual of acupuncture. East Sussex,
England: Journal of Chinese Medicine.
Jin, H. (2002). Chinese Tuina (massage). Shanghai University of TCM.
Nielsen, A. (1995 Updated 2012). Guasha-A traditional technique for modern practice.
Churchill Livingstone.
Qiu, M.-L. (Ed.) (1993). Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion (1st ed.). Churchill
Livingstone.
Qiu, M.-L. (Ed.) (2004). Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. Churchill Livingstone.
World Health Organization. (1991). Proposed standard international acupuncture
nomenclature. Author.
Zhang, E. (1990). Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. Shanghai College of
Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Zhao, J. (2002). Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. Shanghai University of TCM.

14

4.

Herbology/Formulas

Bensky, D. et al. (2009). Chinese herbal formulas and strategies (2nd ed.). Eastland Press.
Bensky, D., & Gamble, A. (1991). Chinese herbal medicine: Formulas & strategies.
Eastland Press. (ISBN 0-939616-10-6)
Bensky, D., & Gamble, A. (2005). Chinese herbal medicine materia medica (Revised
ed.). Eastland Press. (ISBN 0-939616-15-7)
Bensky, D., Clavey, S., Stoger, E., & Gamble, A. (2004). Chinese herbal medicine
materia medica (3rd ed.). Seattle, WA: Eastland Press.
Chen, J. K., & Chen, T. T. (2008). Chinese herbal formulas and applications. City of
Industry, CA: Art of Medicine Press, Inc.
Chen, J. K., Chen, T. T., & Crampton, L. (2004). Chinese medical herbology &
pharmacology.
Fan, Q. (2003). Science of presciptions. Shanghai University of TCM.
Fratkin, J. P. (2001). Chinese herbal patent medicines: The clinical desk reference.
Boulder, CO: Shya Publications.
Liu, J. (1995). Chinese dietary therapy. Churchill Livingstone.
Ou, M. (1993). Chinese English manual of commonly used prescriptions in traditional
Chinese medicine. Guangdong Science and Technology Publishing House.
Ou, M. (2002). Chinese English manual of commonly used herbs in traditional Chinese
medicine. Guangdong Science and Technology Publishing House.
Scheid, V., Bensky, B., Ellis, A., & Barolet, R. (2009). Chinese herbal medicine:
Formulas and strategies (2nd ed.). Seattle, WA: Eastland Press.
Sperber, G., & Flaws, B. (2007). Integrated pharmacology combining modern
pharmacology with Chinese medicine. Boulder, CO: Blue Poppy Press.
Tang, D. (Ed.). (2003). Science of Chinese Materia Medica. Shanghai University of
TCM.
The Phamacopoeia Commission of the Ministry of Health of the Peoples Republic of
China. (2005). Pharmacopoeia of the Peoples Republic of ChinaI. Volume 1, 2,
3.
Yang, Y. (2009). Chinese herbal medicines. Comparisons and characteristics (2nd ed.).
Churchill Livingstone.

15

5.

Biomedicine and Other Related Areas

Beers, M. H. (Ed.). (2006). The Merck manual of diagnosis and therapy (18th ed.).
Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck Research Laboratories.
Berkow, R. et al. (1992). The Merck manual (16th ed.). Merck & Co., Inc.
Bickley, L. S. (2008). Bates guide to physical examination and history taking (10th ed.).
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers.
Canadian Pharmacists Association. (2012). Compendium of pharmaceuticals and
specialties. Ottawa: Author.
Chaitow, L. (1997). Palpations skills: Assessment and diagnosis through touch. Churchill
Livingstone.
Chan, K., & Cheung, L. (2003). Interactions between Chinese herbal medicinal products
and orthodox drugs. Taylor and Francis Group.
Coulehan, J. L., & Block, M. R. (2001). The medical interview: Mastering skills for
clinical practice (5th ed.). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company.
Hoppenfeld, S. (1976). Physical examinations of the spine extremities. Prentice Hall.
Lloyd, M., & Bor, R. (2004). Communication skills for medicine. Churchill Livingstone.
(ISBN: 0-443-07411-9)
National Acupuncture Foundation. (2004). Clean needle technique manual for
acupuncturists, guidelines and standards for a clean and safe clinical practice of
acupuncture (5th ed.). Author.
National Acupuncture Foundation. (2009). Clean needle technique manual for
acupuncturists, guidelines and standards for a clean and safe clinical practice of
acupuncture (6th ed.). Translation by Caplin, CT: Author.
Netter, F. (2010). Atlas of human anatomy (5th ed.). Ciba-Geigy Corporation.
Sherwood, L. (2008). Human physiology (7th ed.). Brooks Cole.
Tortora, G. J., Funke, B. R., & Case, C. L. (2011). Microbiology: An introduction.
Benjamin Cummings.
Tortora, G. J., & Neilsen, M. (2011). Principles of human anatomy (12th ed.).
Mississauga, ON: Wiley.
World Health Organization. (2007). Guidelines for assessing quality of herbal medicines
with reference to contaminants and residues. Author.

16

Appendix C: Standard Acupuncture Nomenclature

The English nomenclature of basic technical terms of acupuncture


Meridians
Collateral
Meridian and Collateral
Main Meridian
Extra Meridian
Meridian Point
Extra Point
Acupuncture Point

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

Jing
Luo
Jingluo
Zhengjing
Qijing
Jingxue
Qixue
Zhenjiuxue

Standard Nomenclature of filiform needles


Handle
Root
Body
Tip

/
/
/
/

Zhenbing
Zhengen
Zhenti
Zhenjian

The diameter is measured at the root and the length of the needle is measured from the
root to the tip. The unit of measurement is the millimeter.

Standard Nomenclature of the unit of measurement


B-cun (bone proportional cun)
F-cun (finger cun)

Gudu Fencun
Shouzhi Tongshencun

/
/

Standard measurements of six parts of the body were adopted as


follows:
(1) from the upper border of the Manibrium to the end of the body of the Sternum =
9 B-cun
(2) from the end of the body of the Sternum to the Umbilicus = 8 B-cun
(3) from the Umbilicus to the upper border of the Symphysis publis = 5 B-cun
(4) from the Medial Malleolus to the ground = 3 B-cun
(5) from the great Trochanta to the knee joint = 19 B-cun
(6) from the knee joint to the prominence of Lateral Malleolus = 16 B-cun

17

Standard nomenclature of the Nine classical needles


(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)

Shear needle
Round-point
Spoon needle
Lance needle
Stiletto needle
Round-sharp needle
Filiform needle
Long needle
Big needle

chanzhen
needleyuanzhen
chizhen
fengzhen
pizhen
yuanlizhen
haozhen
changzhen
dazhen

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

Standard nomenclature of modern needles


(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

Three-edged needle
Ringheaded thumbtack needle
Intradermal needle
Dermal needle

sanlengzhen
xianzhen
pineizhen
pifuzhen

/
/
/
/

The English language name of the 14 meridians and their alphabetic


codes:
1. Lung Meridian
2. Large Intestine Meridian
3. Stomach Meridian
4. Spleen Meridian
5. Heart Meridian
6. Small Intestine Meridian
7. Bladder Meridian
8. Kidney Meridian
9. Pericardium Meridian
10. Triple Energizer Meridian
11. Gallbladder Meridian
12. Liver Meridian
13. Governor Vessel Meridian
14. Conception Vessel Meridian

LU
LI
ST
SP
HT
SI
BL
KI
PC
TE
GB
LR
GV
CV

18

The nomenclature of the eight extra meridians:


Governor Vessel (GV)
Conception Vessel (CV)
Flush Vessel (FV)
Belt Vessel (BV)
Yin Heel Vessel (Yin HV)
Yang Heel Vessel (Yang HV)
Yin Link Vessel (Yin LV)
Yang Link Vessel (Yang LV)

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

Dumai
Renmai
Chongmai
Daimai
Yinqiaomai
Yangqiaomai
Yinweimai
Yangweimai

Lung Meridian, LU.


Shoutaiyin Feijing xue
/
LU 1
LU 3
LU 5
LU 7
LU 9
LU 11

Zhongfu
Tianfu
Chize
Lieque
Taiyuan
Shaoshang

/
/
/
/
/
/

LU 2
LU 4
LU 6
LU 8
LU 10

Yunmen
Xiabai
Kongzui
Jingqu
Yuji

/
/
/
/
/

Large Intestine Meridian, LI.


Shouyangming Dachang-Jing xue
/
LI 1
LI 3
LI 5
LI 7
LI 9
LI 11
LI 13
LI 15
LI 17
LI 19

Shangyang
Sanjian
Yangxi
Wenliu
Shanglian
Quchi
Shouwuli
Jianyu
Tianding
Kouheliao

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

LI 2
LI 4
LI 6
LI 8
LI 10
LI 12
LI 14
LI 16
LI 18
LI 20

19

Erjian
Hegu
Pianli
Xialian
Shousanli
Zhouliao
Binao
Jugu
Futu
Yingxiang

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

Stomach Meridian, ST
Zuyangming Weijing xue
/
ST 1
ST 3
ST 5
ST 7
ST 9
ST 11
ST 13
ST 15
ST 17
ST 19
ST 21
ST 23
ST 25
ST 27
ST 29
ST 31
ST 33
ST 35
ST 37
ST 39
ST 41
ST 43
ST 45

Chengqi
Juliao
Daying
Xiaguan
Renying
Qishe
Qihu
Wuyi
Ruzhong
Burong
Liangmen
Taiyi
Tianshu
Daju
Guilai
Biguan
Yinshi
Dubi
Shangjuxu
Xiajuxu
Jiexi
Xiangu
Lidui

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

ST 2
ST 4
ST 6
ST 8
ST 10
ST 12
ST 14
ST 16
ST 18
ST 20
ST 22
ST 24
ST 26
ST 28
ST 30
ST 32
ST 34
ST 36
ST 38
ST 40
ST 42
ST 44

Sibai
Dicang
Jiache
Touwei
Shuitu
Quepen
Kufang
Yingchuang
Rugen
Chengman
Guanmen
Huaroumen
Wailing
Shuidao
Qichong
Futu
Liangqiu
Zusanli
Tiaokou
Fenglong
Chongyang
Neiting

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

Spleen Meridian, SP.


Zutaiyin Pijing xue
/
SP 1
SP 3
SP 5
SP 7
SP 9
SP 11
SP 13
SP 15

Yinbai
Taibai
Shangqiu
Lougu
Yinlingquan
Jimen
Fushe
Daheng

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

SP 2
SP 4
SP 6
SP 8
SP 10
SP 12
SP 14
SP 16
20

Dadu
Gongsun
Sanyinjiao
Diji
Xuehai
Chongmen
Fujie
Fuai

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

SP 17 Shidou
SP 19 Xiongxiang
SP 21 Dabao

/
/
/

SP 18 Tianxi
SP 20 Zhourong

/
/

Heart Meridian, HT
Shoushaoyin Xinjing xue
/
HT 1
HT 3
HT 5
HT 7
HT 9

Jiquan
Shaohai
Tongli
Shenmen
Shaochong

/
/
/
/
/

HT 2
HT 4
HT 6
HT 8

Qingling
Lingdao
Yinxi
Shaofu

/
/
/
/

Small Intestine Meridian, SI


Shoutaiyang Xiaochangjing xue
/
SI 1
SI 3
SI 5
SI 7
SI 9
SI 11
SI 13
SI 15
SI 17
SI 19

Shaoze
Houxi
Yanggu
Zhizheng
Jianzhen
Tianzong
Quyuan
Jianzhongshu
Tianrong
Tinggong

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

SI 2
SI 4
SI 6
SI 8
SI 10
SI 12
SI 14
SI 16
SI 18

21

Qiangu
Wangu
Yanglao
Xiaohai
Naoshu
Bingfeng
Jianwaishu
Tianchuang
Quanliao

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

Bladder Meridian, BL
Zutaiyang pangguangjing xue
/
BL 1
BL 3
BL 5
BL 7
BL 9
BL 11
BL 13
BL 15
BL 17
BL 19
BL 21
BL 23
BL 25
BL 27
BL 29
BL 31
BL 33
BL 35
BL 37
BL 39
BL 41
BL 43
BL 45
BL 47
BL 49
BL 51
BL 53
BL 55
BL 57
BL 59
BL 61
BL 63
BL 65
BL 67

Jingming
/
Meichong
/
Wuchu
/
Tongtian
/
Yuzhen
/
Dazhu
/
Feishu
/
Xinshu
/
Geshu
/
Danshu
/
Weishu
/
Shenshu
/
Dachangshu /
Xiaochangshu /
Zhonglushu /
Shangliao
/
Zhongliao
/
Huiyang
/
Yinmen
/
Weiyang
/
Fufen
/
Gaohuang
/
Yixi
/
Hunmen
/
Yishe
/
Huangmen
/
Baohuang
/
Heyang
/
Chengshan
/
Fuyang
/
Pucan(Pushen)/
Jinmen
/
Shugu
/
Zhiyin
/

BL 2
BL 4
BL 6
BL 8
BL 10
BL 12
BL 14
BL 16
BL 18
BL 20
BL 22
BL 24
BL 26
BL 28
BL 30
BL 32
BL 34
BL 36
BL 38
BL 40
BL 42
BL 44
BL 46
BL 48
BL 50
BL 52
BL 54
BL 56
BL 58
BL 60
BL 62
BL 64
BL 66

22

Cuanzhu (Zanzhu)
/
Qucha (Quchai)
/
Chengguang
/
Luoque
/
Tianzhu
/
Fengmen
/
Jueyinshu
/
Dushu
/
Ganshu
/
Pishu
/
Sanjiaoshu
/
Qihaishu
/
Guanyuanshu
/
Pangguangshu
/
Baihuanshu
/
Ciliao
/
Xialiao
/
Chengfu
/
Fuxi
/
Weizhong
/
Pohu
/
Shentang
/
Geguan
/
Yanggang
/
Weicang
/
Zhishi
/
Zhibian
/
Chengjin
/
Feiyang
/
Kunlun
/
Shenmai
/
Jinggu
/
Zutonggu
/

Kidney Meridian, KI
Zushaoyin Shenjing xue
/
KI 1
KI 3
KI 5
KI 7
KI 9
KI 11
KI 13
KI 15
KI 17
KI 19
KI 21
KI 23
KI 25
KI 27

Yongquan
Taixi
Shuiquan
Fuliu
Zhubin
Henggu
Qixue
Zhongzhu
Shangqu
Yindu
Youmen
Shenfeng
Shencang
Shufu

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

KI 2
KI 4
KI 6
KI 8
KI 10
KI 12
KI 14
KI 16
KI 18
KI 20
KI 22
KI 24
KI 26

Rangu
Dazhong
Zhaohai
Jiaoxin
Yingu
Dahe
Siman
Huangshu
Shiguan
Futonggu
Bulang
Lingxu
Yuzhong

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

Pericardium Meridian, PC
Shoujueyin Xinbaojing xue
/
PC 1
PC 3
PC 5
PC 7
PC 9

Tianchi
Quze
Jianshi
Daling
Zhongchong

/
/
/
/
/

PC 2
PC 4
PC 6
PC 8

23

Tianquan
Ximen
Neiguan
Laogong

/
/
/
/

Triple Energizer Meridian, TE.


Shoushaoyang Sanjiaojing xue
/
TE 1
TE 3
TE 5
TE 7
TE 9
TE 11
TE 13
TE 15
TE 17
TE 19
TE 21
TE 23

Guanchong
Zhongzhu
Waiguan
Huizong
Sidu
Qinglengyuan
Naohui
Tianliao
Yifeng
Luxi
Ermen
Sizhukong

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

TE 2
TE 4
TE 6
TE 8
TE 10
TE 12
TE 14
TE 16
TE 18
TE 20
TE 22

Yemen
/
Yangchi
/
Zhigou
/
Sanyangluo
/
Tianjing
/
Xiaoluo
/
Jianliao
/
Tianyou
/
Chimai(Qimai)/
Jiaosun
/
Erheliao
/

Gallbladder Meridian, GB
Zushaoyang Danjing xue
/
GB 1
GB 3
GB 5
GB 7
GB 9
GB 11
GB 13
GB 15
GB 17
GB 19
GB 21
GB 23
GB 25
GB 27
GB 29
GB 31
GB 33
GB 35
GB 37

Tongziliao
Shangguan
Xuanlu
Qubin
Tianchong
Touqiaoyin
Benshen
Toulinqi
Zhengying
Naokong
Jianjing
Zhejin
Jingmen
Wushu
Juliao
Fengshi
Xiyangguan
Yangjiao
Guangming

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

GB 2
GB 4
GB 6
GB 8
GB 10
GB 12
GB 14
GB 16
GB 18
GB 20
GB 22
GB 24
GB 26
GB 28
GB 30
GB 32
GB 34
GB 36
GB 38
24

Tinghui
Hanyan
Xuanli
Shuaigu
Fubai
Wangu
Yangbai
Muchuang
Chengling
Fengchi
Yuanye
Riyue
Daimai
Weidao
Huantiao
Zhongdu
Yanglingquan
Waiqiu
Yangfu

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

GB 39 Xuanzhong
GB 41 Zulinqi
GB 43 Xiaxi

/
/
/

GB 40 Qiuxu
GB 42 Diwuhui
GB 44 Zuqiaoyin

/
/
/

Liver Meridian, LR
Zujueyin Ganjing xue
/
LR 1
LR 3
LR 5
LR 7
LR 9
LR 11
LR 13

Dadun
Taichong
Ligou
Xiguan
Yinbao
Yinlian
Zhangmen

/
/
/
/
/
/
/

LR 2
LR 4
LR 6
LR 8
LR 10
LR 12
LR 14

Xingjian
Zhongfeng
Zhongdu
Ququan
Zuwuli
Jimai
Qimen

/
/
/
/
/
/
/

Governor Vessel Meridian, GV


Dumai xue
/
GV 1
GV 3
GV 5
GV 7
GV 9
GV 11
GV 13
GV 15
GV 17
GV 19
GV 21
GV 23
GV 25
GV 27

Changqiang
Yaoyangguan
Xuanshu
Zhongshu
Zhiyang
Shendao
Taodao
Yamen
Naohu
Houding
Qianding
Shangxing
Suliao
Duiduan

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

GV 2
GV 4
GV 6
GV 8
GV 10
GV 12
GV 14
GV 16
GV 18
GV 20
GV 22
GV 24
GV 26
GV 28

25

Yaoshu
Mingmen
Jizhong
Jinsuo
Lingtai
Shenzhu
Dazhui
Fengfu
Qiangjian
Baihui
Xinhui
Shenting
Shuigou
Yinjiao

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

Conception Vessel Meridian, CV


Renmai xue
/
CV 1
CV 3
CV 5
CV 7
CV 9
CV 11
CV 13
CV 15
CV 17
CV 19
CV 21
CV 23

Huiyin
Zhongji
Shimen
Yinjiao
Shuifen
Jianli
Shangwan
Jiuwei
Danzhong
Zigong
Xuanji
Lianquan

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

CV 2
CV 4
CV 6
CV 8
CV 10
CV 12
CV 14
CV 16
CV 18
CV 20
CV 22
CV 24

Qugu
Guanyuan
Qihai
Shenque
Xiawan
Zhongwan
Juque
Zhongting
Yutang
Huagai
Tiantu
Chengjiang

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

STANDARD NOMENCLATURE OF SCALP ACUPUNCTURE


MS 1 Ezhongxian
/
Middle Line of Forehead
1 cun long from GV24 Shenting straight down
along the meridian
MS 2 Epangxian I
1/1
Lateral Line 1 of Forehead
1 cun long from BL3 Meichong / straight down
along the meridian
MS 3 Epangxian II
2/2
Lateral Line 2 of Forehead
1 cun long from GB15 Toulinqi / straight down
along the meridian
MS 4 Epangxian III
3/3
Lateral Line 3 of Forehead
1 cun long from the point 0.75 cun medial to ST8 Touwei /
straight down
MS 5 Dingzhongxian /
Middle Line of Vertex
From GV20 Baihui / to GV21 Qianding /
along the midline of head
26

MS 6 Dingnie Qianxiexian
/
Anterior Oblique Line of Vertex-Temporal
From Qianshenchong / (one of acupuncture points of EX-HN1 Sishencong
/, 1 cun anterior to GV20 Baihui /) obliquely to GB6 Xuanli
/
MS 7 Dingnie Houxiexian /
Posterior Oblique Line of Vertex-Temporal From GV20 Baihui / obliquely to
GB7 Qubin /
MS 8 Dingpangxian I
1/1
Lateral Line 1 of Vertex
1.5 cun lateral to Middle Line of Vertex, 1.5 cun long from BL6 Chengguang/
backward along the meridian
MS 9
Dingpangxian II
2/
Lateral Line 2 of Vertex
2.25 cun lateral to Middle Line of Vertex
1.5 cun long from GB17 Zhengying / backward along the meridian
MS 10 Nieqianxian /
Anterior Temporal Line
From GB4 Hanyan / to GB6 Xuanli /
MS 11 Niehouxian /
Posterior Temporal Line
From GB8 Shuaigu / to GB7 Qubin /
MS 12 Zhenshang Zhengzhongxian/
Upper-Middle Line of Occiput
From GV18 Qiangjian / to GV17 Naohu /
MS 13 Zhenshang Pangxian /
Upper-Lateral Line of Occiput
0.5 cun lateral and parallel to Upper-Middle Line of Occiput
MS 14 Zhenxia Pangxian
/
Lower-Lateral Line of Occiput
2 cun long from BL9 Yuzhen / straight down

27

THE EXTRAORDINARY POINTS


EXTRA 1/M-HN-1 (Shishencong)

EXTRA 2/M-HN-3 (Yintang)

EXTRA 3/M-HN-6 (Yuyao)

EXTRA 4 (Shangming)
EXTRA 5/M-HN-9 (Taiyang)

EXTRA 6/M-HN-8 (Qiuhou)

EXTRA 7/M-HN-14 (Bitong)

EXTRA 8/M-HN-20 (Yuyu, Jinjin)



EXTRA 9/M-HN-18 (Jinchengjiang)

EXTRA 10 (Qianzheng)
EXTRA 11 (Yiming)
EXTRA 12/M-HN-54 (Anmian)

EXTRA 13 (Jingbi)
EXTRA 14/M-CA-23 (Sanjiaojiu)

EXTRA 15/N-CA-4 (Tituo)


EXTRA 16/M-CA-18 (Zigong)
EXTRA 17/M-BW-1 (Dingchuan)
EXTRA 18 (Jiehexue)
EXTRA 19/M-BW-35 (Jiaji, Huatoujiaji Points)
EXTRA 20/M-BW-12 (Weiguanxiashu, Bashu, Cuishu)
EXTRA 21 (Pigen)
EXTRA 22/M-BW-24 (Yaoyan)
EXTRA 23 (Shiqizhui)
EXTRA 24/M-UE-1 (Shixuan)
EXTRA 25/M-UE-9 (Sifeng)
EXTRA 26 (Zhongkui)
EXTRA 27/M-UE-22 (Baxie)

EXTRA 28/M-UE-24 (Luozhen)


EXTRA 29/N-UE-19 (Yaotongxue)

EXTRA 30 (Zhongquan)
EXTRA 31/M-UE-29 (Erbai)
EXTRA 32 (Bizhong)
EXTRA 33/M-UE-46 (Zhoujian)
EXTRA 34/M-UE-48 (Jianqian, Jianneiling)
28

EXTRA 35 (Huanzhong)
EXTRA 38/M-LE-27 (Heding)
EXTRA 39MN-LE-16 (Xiyan)
/
EXTRA 40/M-LE-23 (Dannangxue)
EXTRA 41/M-LE-13 (Lanweixue)
/
EXTRA 42/M-LE-8 (Bafeng)
EXTRA 43 (Duyin)
EXTRA 44 (Lineiting)
M-LE-34 (Baichongwo)
M-HN-30 (Bailao)
M-HN-10 (Erjian)
M-HN-37 (Haiquan)
M-BW-6 (Huanmen)
M-BW-25 (Shiqizhuixia)
M-HN1 (Sishencong)

29

Appendix D: Terminology related to Tongue diagnosis

Standard Terminology used for the Examination

TerminologyrelatedtoTonguediagnosis/

Tonguebody(SheZhi&SheTi)
Pang(Da)
Shou
WaiXie
Nen
JuanSuo

Dan
Hong
Jiang
QingZi
Ban

Lie

()

TongueCoating/TongueFur(SheTai)

Hou

Bo

Run

Zao


CuCao

Ni

Bo

Gou


MangCi

30

enlarged
thin
deviated
softtender
shrunken

pale

red

crimson
purplishblue

maculae

fissured

thick
thin
moist
dry
rough
slimy/greasy
peeling
grimy
prickled

Appendix E: Terminology related to Pulse diagnosis

Pulses
Mai Xiang

Fu
Chen
Chi
Shuo
Xu
Shi
Hua
Se
Xuan
Ru
Hong
Wei
Xi
Ruo
Da
San
Jin
Kou
Ge
Lao
Ji
Dong
Fu
Huan
Cu
Jie
Dai
Chang
Duan
You Li
Wu Li

To be used in
Nigel Wiseman
Maciocia
Bob Flaw
exam
Floating
Floating
Floating
Floating
Deep
Deep
Deep
Deep
Slow
Slow
Slow
Slow
Rapid
Rapid
Rapid
Rapid
Deficient
Vacuous
Empty
Vacuous
Excessive
Replete
Full
Replete
Slippery
Slippery
Slippery
Slippery
Choppy
Rough
Choppy
Choppy
Wiry
String-like
Wiry
Bowstring
Soggy
Soggy
Weak-floating
Soggy
Full
Surging
Full
Surging
Feeble
Faint
Minute
Faint
Thready
Fine
Fine/Thin
Fine
Weak
Weak
Weak
Weak
Large
Large
Overflowing
--Scattered
Scattered
Scattered
Scattered
Tight
Tight
Tight
Tight
Hollow
Scallion-stalk
Hollow
Scallion-stalk
Drum-skin
Drum-skin
Leather
Drum-skin
Firm
Confined
Firm
Confined
Racing
Racing
Hurried
Racing
Moving
Stirred
Moving
Stirring
Hidden
Hidden
Hidden
Hidden
Moderate
Moderate
Slowed-down
Relaxed
Skipping
Skipping
Hasty
Skipping
Knotted
Bound
Knotted
Bound
Intermittent Regular interrupted Intermittent Regular interrupted
Long
Long
Long
--Short
Short
Short
Short
Forceful
Forceful
Forceless
Forceless

31

Appendix F: Index of Materia Medica

(Pin-yin, Chinese and Botanical name)


()
Name list of Materia Medica (listed by the alphabetical order of pin-yin name)

()
A
Ai Ye

Folium Artemisiae Argyi

B
Ba Ji Tian

Radix Morindae Officinalis

Bai Bian Dou

Semen Dolichoris Album

Bai Bu

Radix Stemonae

Bai Dou Kou

Fructus Amomi Rotundus

Bai Fu Zi

Rhizoma Typhonii

Bai Guo

Semen Ginkgo

Bai He

Bulbus Lilli

Bai Hua She She Cao

Herba Hedyotis Diffusae

Bai Ji

Rhizoma Bletillae

Bai Ji Li/Ci Ji Li

Fructus Tribuli

Bai Jiang Cao

Herba Patriniae

Bai Jie Zi

Semen Sinapis Albae

Bai Mao Gen

Rhizoma Imperatae

Bai Qian

Rhizoma Cynanchi Stauntonii

Bai Shao

Radix Paeoniae Alba

Bai Tou Weng

Radix Pulsatillae

Bai Wei

Radix Cynanchi Atrati

Bai Xian Pi

Cortex Dictamni Radicis

Bai Zhi

Radix Angelicae Dahuricae

Bai Zhu

Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae

Ban Lan Gen

Radix Isatidis

Ban Mao

Mylabris

Ban Xia

Rhizoma Pinelliae

Bei Xie

Rhizoma Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae

Bian Xu

Herba Polygoni Avicularis

Bie Jia

Carapax Trionycis

Bin Lang

Semen Arecae

Bing Pian

Borneolum Syntheticum
32

Bo He

Herba Menthae

Bo/Bai Zi Ren

Semen Biotae

Bu Gu Zhi

Fructus Psoraleae

C
Can Sha

Faeces Bombycis

Cang Er Zi

Fructus Xanthii

Cang Zhu

Rhizoma Atractylodis

Cao Dou Kou

Semen Alpiniae Katsumadai

Cao Guo

Fructus Tsaoko

Ce Bo Ye

Cacumen Biotae

Chai Hu

Radix Bupleuri

Chan Tui

Periostracum Cicadae

Che Qian Zi

Semen Plantaginis

Chen Xiang

Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum

Chi Shao Yao

Radix Paeoniae Rubra

Chi Shi Zhi

Halloysitum Rubrum

Chi Xiao Dou

Semen Phaseoli

Chuan Bei Mu

Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae

Chuan Lian Zi

Fructus Meliae Toosendan

Chuan Xiong

Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong

Ci Shi

Magnetitum

D
Da Fu Pi

Pericarpium Arecae

Da Huang

Radix et Rhizoma Rhei

Da Ji

Radix Euphorbiae Pekinensis

Da Ji

Radix Cirsii Japonici

Da Qing Ye

Folium Isatidis

Da Zao

Fructus Ziziphi Jujibae

Dai Zhe Shi

Haematitum

Dan Dou Shi/Chi

Semen Sojae Praeparatum

Dan Shen

Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae

Dan Zhu Ye

Herba Lophatheri

Dang Gui

Radix Angelicae Sinensis

Dang Shen

Radix Condonopsis Pilosulae

Di Fu Zi

Fructus Kochiae

Di Gu Pi

Cortex Lycii Radicis

Di Long

Lumbricus
33

Di Yu

Radix Sanguisorbae

Ding Xiang

Flos Caryophylli

Dong Chong Xia Cao

Cordyceps

Dong Gua Pi

Exocarpium Benincasae

Du Huo

Radix Angelicae Pubescentis

Du Zhong

Cortex Eucommiae

E
E Jiao

Colla Corii Asini

E Zhu

Rhizoma Zedoariae

F
Fan Xie Ye

Folium Sennae

Fang Feng

Radix Ledebouriellae

Fen Fang Ji

Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae

Feng Mi

Mel

Fo Shou

Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis

Fu Ling

Poria

Fu Pen Zi

Fructus Rubi

Fu Xiao Mai

Fructus Tritici Levis

Fu Zi

Radix Aconiti Praeparata

G
Gan Cao

Radix Glycyrrhizae

Gan Jiang

Rhizoma Zingiberis

Gan Sui

Radix Euphorbiae Kansui

Gao Ben

Rhizoma Ligustici

Gao Liang Jiang

Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum

Ge Gen

Radix Puerariae

Ge Jie

Gecko

Gou Ji

Rhizoma Cibotii

Gou Qi Zi

Fructus Lycii

Gou Teng

Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis

Gu Sui Bu

Rhizoma Drynariae

Gua Lou

Fructus Trichosanthis

Guang Fang Ji

Radix Aristolochiae Fangchi

Gui Ban

Plastrum Testudinis

Gui Zhi

Ramulus Cinnamomi

Catechu
34

Hai Er Cha
Hai Fu Shi

Pumex

Hai Ge Ke

Concha Cyclinae

Hai Jin Sha

Spora Lygodii

Hai Zao

Sargassum

Han Lian Cao

Herba Ecliptae

He Huan Pi

Cortex Albizziae

He Shou Wu

Radix Polygoni Multiflori

He Zi

Fructus Chebulae

Hei Zhi Ma

Semen Sesami Nigrum

Hong Hua

Flos Carthami

Hong Teng

Caulis Sargentodoxae

Hou Po

Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis

Hu Huang Lian

Rhizoma Picrorhizae

Hu Jiao

Fructus Piperis Nigri

Hu Po

Succinum

Hu Tao Rou

Semen Juglandis

Hua Jiao

Pericarpium Zanthoxyli

Hua Shi

Talcum

Huai Hua

Flos Sophorae

Huang Bo/Bai

Cortex Phellodendri

Huang Jing

Rhizoma Polygonati

Huang Lian

Rhizoma Coptidis

Huang Qi

Radix Astragali seu Hedysari

Huang Qin

Radix Scutellariae

Huo Ma Ren

Fructus Cannabis

Huo Xiang

Herba Pogostemonis

J
Ji Nei Jin

Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli

Ji Xue Teng

Caulis Spatholobi

Jiang Can

Bombyx Batryticatus

Jiang Huang

Rhizoma Curcumae Longae

Jiang Xiang

Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae

Jie Geng

Radix Platycodi

Jin Qian Cao

Herba Lysimachiae

Jin Yin Hua

Flos Lonicerae

Jin Ying Zi

Fructus Rosae Laevigatae


35

Jing Jie

Herba Schizonepetae

Ju Hua

Flos Chrysanthemi

Ju Pi/Chen Pi

Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae

Jue Ming Zi

Semen Cassiae

K
Ku Lian Pi

Cortex Meliae

Ku Shen

Radix Sophorae Flavescentis

Kuan Dong Hua

Flos Farfarae

Kun Bu

Thallus Laminariae Eckloniae

L
Lai Fu Zi

Semen Raphani

Li Zhi He

Semen Litchi

Lian Qiao

Fructus Forsythiae

Lian Zi

Semen Nelumbinis

Liu Huang

Sulfur

Liu Ji Nu

Herba Artemisiae Anomalae

Long Dan Cao

Radix Gentianae

Long Gu

Os Draconis

Long Yan Rou

Arillus Longan

Lu Feng Fang

Nidus Vespae

Lu Gan Shi

Calamina

Lu Gen

Rhizoma Phargmitis

Lu Hui

Aloe

Lu Rong

Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum

M
Ma Dou Ling

Fructus Aristolochiae

Ma Huang

Herba Ephedrae

Ma Huang Gen

Radix Ephedrae

Ma Qian Zi

Semen Nux-Movicae

Mai Men Dong

Radix Ophiopogonis

Mai Ya

Fructus Hordei Germinatus

Man Jing Zi

Fructus Viticis

Mang Chong

Tanabus

Mang Xiao

Natrii Sulfas

Ming Fan

Alumen

Mo Yao

Myrrha

36

Mu Dan Pi

Cortex Moutan Radicis

Mu Gua

Fructus Chaenomelis

Mu Li

Concha Ostreae

Mu Tong

Caulis Akebiae

Mu Xiang

Radix Aucklandiae

N
Nan Gua Zi

Semen Cucurbitae

Niu Bang Zi

Fructus Arctii

Niu Xi

Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae

Nu Zhen Zi

Fructus Ligustri Lucidi

O
Ou Jie

Nodus Nelumbinis Rhizomatis

P
Pei Lan

Herba Eupatorii

Pi Pa Ye

Folium Eruobotryae

Pu Gong Ying

Herba Taraxaci

Pu Huang

Pollen Typhae

Q
Qian Cao

Radix Rubiae

Qian Hu

Radix Peucedani

Qian Shi

Semen Euryales

Qiang Huo

Rhizoma seu Radix Notopterygii

Qin Jiao

Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae

Qin Pi

Cortex Fraxini

Qing Dai

Indigo Naturalis

Qing Hao

Herba Artemisiae Annuae

Qing Pi

Pericarppium Citri Reticulatae Viride

Qu Mai

Herba Dianthi

Quan Xie

Scorpio

R
Ren Shen

Radix Ginseng

Rou Cong Rong

Herba Cistanches

Rou Dou Kou

Semen Myristicae

Rou Gui

Cortex Cinnamomi

Ru Xiang

Olibanum
37

S
San Leng

Rhizoma Sparganii

San Qi

Radix Notoginseng

Sang Bai Pi

Cortex Mori Radicis

Sang Ji Sheng

Ramulus Taxilli

Sang Piao Xiao

Ootheca Mantidis

Sang Shen

Fructus Mori

Sang Ye

Folium Mori

Sang Zhi

Ramulus Mori

Sha Ren

Fructus Amomi

Sha Shen

Radix Glehniae

Sha Yuan Zi/Tong Ji Li

Semen Astragali Complanati

Shan Yao

Rhizoma Dioscoreae

Shan Zha

Fructus Crataegi

Shan Zhu Yu

Fructus Corni

She Chuang Zi

Fructus Cnidii

She Gan / Ye Gan

Rhizoma Belamcandae

Shen Qu

Massa Medicara Fermentata

Sheng Di Huang

Radix Rehmanniae

Sheng Jiang

Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens

Sheng Ma

Rhizoma Cimicifugae

Shi Chang Pu

Rhizoma Acori Graminei

Shi Di

Calyx Kaki

Shi Gao

Gypsum Fibrosum

Shi Hu

Herba Dendrobii

Shi Jue Ming

Concha Haliotidis

Shi Jun Zi

Fructus Quisqualis

Shi Liu Pi

Pericarpium Granati

Shi Wei

Folium Pyrrosiae

Shu Di Huang

Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata

Shui Zhi

Hirudo

Si Gua Luo

Vascularis Luffae Fasciculus

Su Mu

Ligum Sappan

Su Zi

Fructus Perillae

Suan Zao Ren

Semen Ziziphi Spinosae

Suo Yang

Herba Cynomorii

Radix Pseudostellariae
38

T
Tai Zi Shen
Tan Xiang

Lignum Santali Albi

Tao Ren

Semen Persicae

Tian Hua Fen

Radix Trichosanthis

Tian Ma

Rhizoma Gastrodiae

Tian Men Dong

Radix Asparagi

Tian Nan Xing

Rhizoma Arisaematis

Ting Li Zi

Semen Lepidii seu Descurainiae

Tong Cao

Medulla Tetrapanacis

Tu Si Zi

Semen Cuscutae

W
Wa Leng Zi

Concha Arcae

Wang Bu Liu Xing

Semen Vaccariae

Wei Ling Xian

Radix Clematidis

Wu Bei Zi

Galla Chinensis

Wu Gong

Scolopendra

Wu Jia Pi

Cortex Acanthopanacis Radicis

Wu Ling Zhi

Faeces Trogopterori

Wu Mei

Fructus Mume

Wu Wei Zi

Fructus Schisandrae

Wu Yao

Radix Linderae

Wu Zei Gu/Hai Piao Xiao

Os Sepiellae seu Sepiae

Wu Zhu Yu

Fructus Evodiae

X
Xi Xin

Herba Asari

Xi Yang Shen

Radix Panacis Quinquefolii

Xia Ku Cao

Spica Prunellae

Xian He Cao

Herba Agrimoniae

Xian Mao

Rhizoma Curculiginis

Xiang Fu

Rhizoma Cyperi

Xiang Ru

Herba Elsholtziae seu Moslae

Xiao Hui Xiang

Frictus Foeniculi

Xiao Ji

Herba Cephalanoploris

Xie Bai

Bulbus Allii Macrostemi

Xie/Xue Jie

Resina Draconis

Xin Yi

Flos Magnoliae
39

Xing Ren

Semen Armeniacae Amarum

Xiong Huang

Realgar

Xu Duan

Radix Dipsaci

Xuan Fu Hua

Flos Inulae

Xuan Shen

Radix Scrophulari

Xie/Xue Yu Tan

Crinis Carbonisatus

Y
Yan Hu Suo

Rhizoma Corydalis

Ye Jiao Teng

Caulis Polygoni Multiflori

Yi Mu Cao

Herba Leonuri

Yi Yi Ren

Semen Coicis

Yi Zhi Ren

Fructus Alpiniae Oxyphyllae

Yin Chai Hu

Radix Stellariae

Yin Chen Hao

Herba Artemisiae Scopariae

Yin Yang Huo

Herba Epimedii

Yu Jin

Radix Curcumae

Yu Li Ren

Semen Pruni

Yu Mi Xu

Stigma Maydis

Yu Xing Cao

Herba Houttuyniae

Yu Zhu

Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati

Yuan Hua

Flos Genkwa

Yuan Zhi

Radix Polygalae

Z
Zao Jiao Ci

Spina Gleditsiae

Ze Lan

Herba Lycopi

Ze Xie

Rhizoma Alismatis

Zhe Bei Mu

Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii

Zhe Chong

Eupolyphaga seu Steleophaga

Zhen Zhu Mu

Concha Margartifera Usta

Zhi Ke

Fructus Aurantii

Zhi Mu

Rhizoma Anemarrhenae

Zhi Shi

Fructus Aurantii Immaturus

Zhi Zi

Fructus Gardeniae

Zhu Ling

Polyporus Umbellatus

Zhu Ru

Caulis Bambusae in Taeniam

Zi Cao

Radix Arnebiae seu Lithospermi

Zi Hua Di Ding

Herba Violae
40

Zi Su Ye

Folium Perillae

Zi Wan

Radix Asteris

Zong Lu Tan

Traachycarpi Carbonisatus

41

Appendix G: List of TCM Formulae

1. Formulas for relieving superficial syndrome (Jie Biao Ji ) (8)

1-1 Formula for relieving superficial syndrome with pungent and warm (4)
Ephedra Decoction
Ma Huang Tang

Cinnamon Twig Decoction


Gui Zhi Tang

Xiao
Qing
Long
Tang
Minor
Blue-green
Dragon
Decoction

Jiu
Wei
Qiang
Huo
Tang
Nine-herb
Decoction
with
Notopterygium

1-2 Relieving superficial syndrome with pungent and cool (3)


Honeysuckle and Forsythia powder
Yin Qiao San
Mulberry Leaf and Chrysanthemum Decoction
Sang Ju Yin
Ephedra, Apricot Kernel, Gypsum and Licorice
Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang
Deco
1-3 Relieving superficial syndrome with tonics (1)
Toxin-Vanquishing Powder)
Bai Du San


2. Formulas for purgation (Xie Xia Ji ) (7)
2-1 Purging with cold energy herbs (3)
Major Order the Qi Decoction
Da Cheng Qi Tang
Minor Order the Qi Decoction
Xiao Cheng Qi Tang
Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang Regulate the Stomach and Order the Qi
Decoction
2-2 Purging with warm energy herbs (2)
Warm the Spleen Decoction
Wen Pi Tang
Rhubarb and Prepared Aconite Decoction
Da Huang Fu Zi Tang

2-3 Purging with moistening/lubricating herbs (2)


Hemp Seed Pill
Ma Zi Ren Wan
Benefit the River (Flow) Decoction
Ji Chuan Jian

3. Formulas for harmonizing (He Jie Ji) (6)


3-1 Harmonizing Shao yang (2)
Minor Bupleurum Decoction
Xiao Chai Hu Tang
Artemisia Annua and Scutellaria Decoction to
Hao Qin Qing Dan Tang
Clear
3-2 Harmonizing Liver and Spleen (3)
Minor Bupleurum Decoction
Si Ni San
Rambling powder
Xiao Yao san
Important Formula for Painful Diarrhea
Tong Xie Yao Fang

3-3 Harmonizing Stomach and Spleen (1)


Pinellia Decoction to Drain the Epigastrium
Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang

42

4. Formulas for clearing heat (Qing Re Ji) (25)


4-1 Clear the heat in Qi portion/level (2)
White Tiger Decoction
Bai Hu Tang
Zhu
Ye
Shi
Gao
Tang
Lophatherus and Gypsum Decoction

4-2 Clear heat in the ying & blood portion/level (2)


Clear the Nutritive Level Decoction
Qing Ying Tang
Xi
Jiao
Di
Huang
Tang
Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction

4-3 Clear the heat and detoxify (3)


Cool the Diaphragm Powder
Liang Ge San
Coptis Decoction to Relieve Toxicity
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang
Benefit Decoction to Eliminate Toxin
Pu Ji Xiao Du Yin

4-4 Clear heat in both the Qi and blood (1)


Qing Wen Bai Du San

4-5 Clear heat in the Zang-fu (organ network) (9)


Gentiana Long Gan Cao Decoction to Drain the
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang

Zuo Jin Wan


Yu Nu Jian
Ting Li Da Zao Xie Fei

Liver
Left Metal pill
Jade Woman Decoction
Descurainia and Jujube Decoction

Tang

Shao Yao Tang


Dao Chi San
Xie Bai San
Qing Wei San
Bai Tou Weng Tang

Peony Decoction
Guide Out the Red powder
Drain the White powder
Clear the Stomach powder
Pulsatilla Decoction

4-6 Clear the deficient heat (4)


Artemisia Annua and Soft-Shelled Turtle Shell
Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang
Qin Jiao Bie Jia San
Qing Gu San
Dang Gui Liu Huang

Deco
Gentiana Qinjiao and Soft-Shelled Turtle Shell
Powder
Cool the Bones Powder
Tangkuei and Six-yellow Decoction

Tang

4-7 Clear the summer-heat (4)


Six to One Powder
Liu Yi San
Qing
Shu
Yi
Qi
Tang
Clear
Summer-heat and Augment the Qi

Xin Jia Xiang Ru Yin
Qing Luo Yin

Decoction
Newly Augment Mosla Drink
Clear the Collaterals Decoction

43

5. Formulas for warming interior (8)


5-1 Warm up interior and expel cold (4)
Regulate the Middle Pill
Li Zhong Wan
Xiao
Jian
Zhong
Tang
Minor Construct the Middle Decoction

Evodia Decoction
Wu Zhu Yu Tang
Major Construct the Middle Decoction
Da Jian Zhong Tang

5-2 Restore yang and save critical (reverse counterflow) (2)


Frigid Extremities Decoction
Si Ni Tang
Restore and Revive the Yang Decoction from
Hui Yang Jiu Ji Tang

Revised Popular Guide


5-3 Warm up channels and disperse cold (2)
Tangkuei Decoction for Frigid Extremities
Dang Gui Si Ni Tang
Astragalus and Cinnamon Twig Five-Substance
Huang Qi Gui Zhi Wu
Wu Tang
Decoction


6. Formulas for relieving interior-exterior (4)
Major Bupleurum Decoction
Da Chai Hu Tang
Ledebouriella Powder that Sagely Unblocks
Fang Feng Tong Sheng
San
Kudzu, Scutellaria and Coptis Decoction
Ge Gen Huang Qin
Huang Lian Tang

Wu Ji San

Five Accumulation Powder

7. Formulas for tonifying (18)


7-1 Qi tonic (4)
Four Gentleman Decoction
Si Jun Zi Tang
Shen
Ling
Bai
Zhu
San
Ginseng,
Poria, and Atractylodes Macrocephala

Powder
Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi
Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
Decoction
Generate the Pulse powder
Sheng Mai San

7-2 Blood tonic (4)


Si Wu Tang
Dang Gui Bu Xue Tang
Gui Pi Tang
Zhi Gan Cao Tang

Four-Substance Decoction
Tangkuei Decoction to Tonify the Blood
Restore the Spleen Decoction
Honey-Fried Licorice Decoction

7-3 Both Qi and blood tonic (3)


Eight Treasure Decoction
Ba Zhen Tang
All-Inclusive Great Tonifying Decoction
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang
Ginseng Decoction to Nourish the Nutritive Qi
Ren Shen Yang Rong
(Ying) Tang

44

()

7-4 Yin tonic (4)


Liu Wei Di Huang Wan
Da Bu Yin Wan
Yi Guan Jian
Zuo Gui Wan

7-5 Yang tonic (3)


Jin Kui Shen Qi Wan
Ji Sheng Shen Qi Wan
You Gui Wan

Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia


Great Tonify the Yin Pill
Linking Decoction
Restore the Left (Kidney) Pill

Kidney Qi Pill
Kidney Qi Pill from Formulas to Aid the Living
Restore the Right (Kidney) Pill

8. Formulas for tranquilization (6)


8-1 Tranquilizing the mind with heavy and compressing (2)
Cinnabar Pill to Calm the Spirit
Zhu Sha An Shen Wan
Magnetite and Cinnabar Pill
Ci Zhu Wan

8-2 Tranquilizing the mind with nourishing (4)


Sour Jujube Decoction
Suan Zao Ren Tang
Emperor of Heaven's Special Pill to Tonify the
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan
Heart
Bai Zi Yang Xin Wan
Biota Seed Pill to Nourish the Heart
Gan Mai Da Zao Tang
Licorice Wheat and Jujube Decoction

9. Formulas for astringing (6)


Yu Ping Feng San
Jade Windscreen powder
Si Shen Wan
Four-Miracle Pill
Mu Li San
Oyster Shell Powder
Jin Suo Gu Jing Wan
Metal Lock pill to Stabilize the Essence
Zhen Ren Yang Zang
True Man's Decoction to Nourish the Organs
Tang
Sang Piao Xiao San
Mantis Egg-Case powder

10. Formulas for regulating Qi (10)


10-1 Improving Qi circulation (5)
Yue Ju Wan
Escape Restraint Pill
Ban Xia Hou Po Tang
Pinellia and Magnolia Bark Decoction
Zhi Shi Xie Bai Gui Zhi
Unripe Bitter Orange, Chinese Garlic, and
Tang
Cinnamon Twig Decocion
Hou Po Wen Zhong Tang Magnolia Bark Decoction for Warming the
Middle
Tian Tai Wu Yao San
Top-Quality Lindera Powder

10-2 Bring Qi downward (5)


Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang
Perilla Fruit Decoction for Directing Qi
45

Ding Chuan Tang


Xuan Fu Dai Zhe Tang
Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang
Ding Xiang Shi Di Tang

Downward
Arrest Wheezing Decoction
Inola and Hematite Decoctioon
Tangerine Peel and Bamboo Shavings
Decoction
Clove and Persimmon Calyx Decoction

11. Formulas for regulating blood (12)


11-1 Improve blood circulation and remove blood stagnation (7)
Tao He Cheng Qi Tang
Peach Pit Decoction to Order the Qi
Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
Drive Out Stasis in the Mansion of Blood
Decoction
Fu Yuan Huo Xue Tang
Revive health by Invigorate the blood
Decoction
Bu Yang Huan Wu Tang
Tonify the Yang to Restore Five (Tenths)
Decoction
Sheng Hua Tang
Generating and Transforming Decoction
Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan
Cinnamon and Poria Pills
Shi Xiao San
Sudden Smile Powder
11-2 Stop bleeding (5)
Xiao Ji Yin Zi
Shi Hui San
Ke Xue Fang
Huang Tu Tang
Huai Hua San

Small Thistle Drink


Ten Partially-Charred Substances Powder
Coughing of Blood Formula
Yellow Earth Decoction
Sophora Japonica Flower Powder

12. Formulas for treating wind related diseases (10)


12-1 Expel external wind (5)
Xiao Feng San
Eliminate Wind Powder
Chuan Xiong Cha Tiao
Ligusticum Chuanxiong Powder to Be Taken
San
with Green Tea
Cang Er Zi San
Xanthium Powder
Qian Zheng San
Lead to Symmetry Powder
Xiao Huo Luo Dan
Minor Invigorate the Channels Special Pill
12-2 Distinguish internal wind (5)
Ling Jiao Gou Teng Tang Antelope Horn and Uncaria Decoction
Zhen Gan Xi Feng Tang
Sedate the Liver and Extinguish Wind
Decoction
Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
Gastrodia and Uncaria Decoction
Da Ding Feng Zhu
Major Arrest Wind Pearl
Di Huang Yin Zi
Rehmannia Drink
13. Formulas for treating dryness diseases (8)

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Qing Zao Jiu Fei Tang


Xing Su San
Sang Xing Tang
Mai Men Dong Tang
Bai He Gu Jin Tang
Yu Ye Tang
Zeng Ye Tang
Yang Yin Qing Fei Tang

Eliminate Dryness and Rescue the Lung


Decoction
Apricot Kernel and Perilla Leaf Powder
Mulberry Leaf and Apricot Kernel Decoction
Ophiopogonis Decoction
Lily Bulb Decoction to Preserve the Metal
Jade Fluid Decoction
Increase the Fluids Decoction
Nourish the Yin and Clear the Lungs Decoction

14. Formulas for eliminating dampness (17)


Ping Wei San
Calm the Stomach Powder
Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Agastache Powder to Rectify the Qi
Yin Chen Hao Tang
Artemisiae Yinchenhao Decoction
Ba Zheng San
Eight Herb Powder for Rectification
San Ren Tang
Three Seed Decoction
Gan Lu Xiao Du Dan
Sweet Dew Special Pill to Eliminate Toxin
Er Miao San
Two-Marvel Powder
Wu Ling San
Five-Ingredient Formula with Poria
Fang Ji Huang Qi Tang
Stephania and Astragalus Decoction
Zhu Ling Tang
Polyporus Decoction
Wu Pi Yin
Five Peel Decoction
Zhen Wu Tang
True Warrior Decoction
Shi Pi Yin
Bolster the Spleen Decoction
Bei Xie Fen Qing Yin
Dioscorea Hypoglauca Decoction to Separate
the Clear
Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang
Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Atractylodes and
Licorice Decoction
Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang
Angelica Pubescentis and Taxillus Decoction
Qiang Huo Sheng Shi
Notopterygium Decoction to Overcome
Tang
Dampness
15. Formulas for eliminating phlegm (11)
15-1 Dissolve phlegm and drying dampness (2)
Er Chen Tang
Decoction of Two Aged (Cured) Drugs
Wen Dan Tang
Warm Gallbladder Decoction
15-2 Dissolve phlegm and clear heat (3)
Qing Qi Hua Tan Wan
Clear the Qi and Transform Phlegm Pill
Xiao Xian Xiong Tang
Minor Decoction (for Pathogens) Stuck in the
Chest
Gun Tan Wan
Vaporize Phlegm Pill
15-3 Dissolve phlegm and moisten dryness (1)
Bei Mu Gua Lou San
Fritillaria and Trichosanthis Fruit Powder
47

15-4 Dissolve cold phlegm with warm herbs (2)


Ling Gan Wu Wei Jiang
Poria, Licorice, Schisandra, Ginger, and Asarum
Xin Tang
Decoction

San Zi Yang Qin Tang


Three Seed Decoction to Nourish Ones Parents
15-5 Dissolve phlegm and treat wind (3)
Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Pinellia, Atractylodes Macrocephala and
Tang
Gastrodia Decoction
Ding Xian Wan
Arrest Seizures Pill
Zhi Sou San
Stop Coughing Powder
16. Formulas for improving digestion (7)
Bao He Wan
Preserve Harmony Pill
Jian Pi Wan
Strengthen the Spleen Pill
Zhi Shi Dao Zhi Wan
Unripe Bitter Orange Pill to Guide out
Stagnation
Mu Xiang Bin Lang Wan Aucklandia and Betel Nut Pill
Zhi Zhu Wan
Unripe Bitter Orange and Atractylodes Pill
Zhi Shi Xiao Pi Wan
Unripe Bitter Orange Pill to Reduce Focal
Distention
Bie Jia Jian Wan
17. Formulas for parasite diseases (2)
Wu Mei Wan
Mume Pill
Fei Er Wan
Fat Baby Pill

18. Formulas for abscess (yong yang) (7)


Xian Fang Huo Ming Yin Immortals' Formula for Sustaining Life
Wu Wei Xiao Du Yin
Five Ingredient Decoction to Eliminate Toxin
Yang He Tang
Balmy Yang Decoction
Si Miao Yong An Tang
Four-Valient Decoction for Well Being
Wei Jing Tang
Reed Decoction
Da Huang Mu Dan Pi
Rhubarb and Moutan Decoction
Tang
Yi Yi Fu Zi Bai Jiang San Coix, Aconite Accessory Root and Patrinia
Powder
Total formulas listed above: 171

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