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All #s, 1 & up

Counting numbers

Numbers

Whole numbers

Not including decimals

All #s, 0 & up
Not including decimals

All negatives, positives, & 0

Integers

Not including decimals

All #s that can be written as a decimal

Rational
Includes

Numbers

Irrational

Counting #s
Whole numbers
Integers
Fractions

a bar are rational

Percents
Repeating decimals

Terminating decimals
Square roots of Perfect Squares
Non repeating decimals
Square roots of Non Perfect Squares

Real

*All numbers w/

Rational #s
Irrational #s

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Math notes

Sets

Groups put together in parenthesis

3 types
o Finite
Amount of #s in set can be counted
Example: all #s between 1 & 5 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
o Infinite
Amount of #s in set cant be counted
Example: all even #s = (2, 4, 6, 8)
o Null/ Empty
No numbers in the set
Written as
( ) parenthesis w/ nothing inside

Example: all even #s between 2 & 4

Absolute Value How many spaces away from 0 a # is on the # line

Properties

Commutative
o A+b=b+a
o Ab = ba
Associative
o ( a + b ) + c = a + ( b + a)
o ( ab ) c = a ( bc )
Distributive
o 2 ( x + y ) = 2x + 2y
Additive property of 0/ additive identity
o A+0=a
Multiplicative property of 1/ identity element
o 1a = a
Multiplication property of 0
o 0a = 0
Additive inverse
o Opposite positive/ negative sign
o Add both = 0
o Example: -3a + 3a = 0
Multiplicative inverse
o Reciprocal
o Multiply both = 1
o Example: -2/3 * -3/2 = 1

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Adding signed #s

Pos (+) + Pos = Pos

Neg (-) + Neg = Neg
Pos + Neg
o Ignore the signs
o Find the difference between the larger # and the smaller #
o Keep the sign of the higher #

Subtracting signed #s

Change minus sign to plus

Change sign of second # (subtrahend
Add according to rules of addition of signed #s

Multiplying Signed #s

Pos X Pos = Pos

Neg X Neg
o Multiply absolute values
o Answer is positive
Pos X Neg
o Multiply absolute values
o Answer is negative

Exponents

You multiply the bottom # by itself as many times as the top #

If the negative # is in parenthesis, you do negative X negative
If negative is outside the parenthesis, you ignore it, solve, then make the answer negative

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Math notes
Lets say I have the equation 42 = 16,
Then,
4 is the base
2 is the exponent
16 is the power
Order of Operations
This is the order of steps to solve expressions
1.
2.
3.
4.

Parenthesis
Exponents
Multiplication or division, whichever comes first in the equation going from left to right
Addition or Subtraction, whichever comes first in the equation going from left to right

Example: 3*4(6-2)2/2-11
Parenthesis: 6-2 = 4, so now the expression is
3*4*(4)2/2-11
Exponents: (4)2 = 16, so now the expression is
3*4*16/2-11
Multiplication/ division: 3*4 is 12, so now the expression is
12*16/2-11
12*16 = 192, so now the expression is
192/2-11
192/2 = 96, so now the expression is
96-11
Addition/ subtraction: 96-11 = 95,
So the final answer is 85