Nigeria's Akpo Project Pushed Offshore Oil Development Frontiers

Akpo
Project
AKPO
A large Nigerian deep offshore development
AFTP/SPE - Akpo Project - 23-06-10 A. Lain / F. Fourni
A LARGE PROJECT OFFSHORE NIGERIA BY TOTAL
1400m water depth, 100 miles off Port Harcourt

44 wells, 10 manifolds, 14 SCR risers, 440 000 ton FPSO
AFTP/SPE - Akpo Project - 23-06-10
A Complex Venture Arrangement

24%
16%
10%
50% NNPC ie
-45% CNOOC
- 5% SAPETRO
PSA (Farm-in Agreement)

PSC
50%
SAPETRO
TOTAL
BRASOIL
OML 130
OPL 246
1998
NNPC
OPL 246
OML 130
2005
Managed through a PSA and a PSC, Partnerships

differ in the 2 contracts, Total Operator for the OML
A Complex Venture but still a robust one
3 National Oil Companies !

AN HYBRID HIGH TECH SCHEME
Complex sand lobes and channels, critical fluid

Near high pressure / high temperature, gas export to LNG
TECHNOLOGY PUSHED TO NEW FRONTIERS
7 SAS, Perforation/ frac. pack in single run in 10 , intelligent completions

118C SPS, 588 bar SCR, FICSS, all electric 180 MW FPSO
QUALIFICATIONS FOR TECHNOLOGY RISKS
150 qualification programs

30% initial Test failure, zero Field failure
EXECUTION ON A GLOBAL SCALE
32 million man-hours, 14 million in Nigeria

Global IS/IT for central management in Nigeria
INNOVATIVE BIDDING SOLUTIONS
EPC reservation agreements signed 8 month ahead of uncertain FID

Currency & commodity hedging, asset reservation, schedule
Contractual Strategy
DRILLING
DRILLING&&
COMPLETION
COMPLETION
SPS
SPS
Management
& &
Management
conceptual
studies
conceptual
studies
Procurement
Procurement
Onshore fabrication
Onshore
fabrication
FPSO
FPSO
Hull
Hull
Topsides
TUPNI
TUPNI
DORIS
Engineering
DORIS Engineering
Basic Engineering
FEED
Engineering
Detail Engineering
Detail
Engineering
UFR
UFR&&
Offloading
Offloading
terminal
terminal
LLI
EPSCC
EPSCC
EPS
DRILLING
SAIPEM
DRILLING
EPSCC
EPSCC Technip/HHI
EPS
TUPNI CAMERON
Onshore test
& com.
Onshore
test
& com.
Transportation
Transportation
Drilling: Transocean
Offshore
installation
Offshore
installation
Completion: Global
Santa Fe
Offshore
H.U.
Offshore
H.U.
Offshore commissioning
Offshore commissioning
Start up
Start
up& operation
& operation
TUPNI
Flotel
TUPNI
Defined during Basic phase,

Large & synchronized EPSCC
Selection approved at Project Sanction
Time Allowance for Record Nigerian Content
Up to 18 month for capacity building, 50% for learning curve

Delivered quality meets international standards
11
An Integrated Project Management

DIRECTOR
VENTURE
SURFACES
FACILITIES
SERVICES
FLOATING,
PRODUCTION,
STORAGE &
OFFLOADING
NIGERIA
INTERFACES
SUBSEA
PRODUCTION
SYSTEM
COMMISSIONING
UMBILICALS,
FLOWLINES &
RISERS
INTERFACES
FIELD GSR
DRILLING &
COMPLETION
FIELD
OPERATIONS
HSEQ
Akpo
Project
Fully integrated project management team till 1st oil

Unified IT tools & EDMS
Lessons learnt from TOTAL deep offshore projects
Complex under-saturated near-critical fluids

RESERVOIR G FLUID SWELL TEST
Significant
amount of
precipitated
asphaltene
sticking to
the wall of
the
transparent
cell
PHASE DIAGRAM
TR
Critical Points
Critical Point
Volatile Oil
Volatile oil
Pressure
PRESSURE
Condensate
Condensate
Temperature
TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE
Light Oil (Up to 50API) with High GOR,

Widespread impact on the AKPO development project
A Mandatory Meticulous Well Planning
Definition and freezing of the 22 start-up wells at Project Sanction,

delivered as planned at Start-Up
Pre-production Interference Testing

Akpo-10
and
Akpo-06
Normalised
Pressure
Response
A-2 and
A-3
normalised
pressure
response
During
Interference with
(PULSER).
during
Interference
test Akpo-15
with A-1
(Pulser)
2.50
2.25
press - Akpo-10
A-3
press - Akpo-06
A-2
1.75
1.50
A-2
2psi response consistent

with test design
1.25
1.00
Akpo-10
Akpo-10
A-3
Akpo-15
Akpo-15
Start Injection on
Akpo-15
A-1
0.75
0.50
0.25
End Injection on
Akpo-15
A-1
0.00
26/12/08
25/12/08
24/12/08
23/12/08
22/12/08
21/12/08
20/12/08
18/12/08
17/12/08
16/12/08
15/12/08
14/12/08
Akpo-6
13/12/08
-0.50
12/12/08
11/12/08
-0.25
19/12/08
Differential Pressure (psi)
2.00
A-1
Akpo-16
Date
Subsea Well Intervention Monitoring System (SWIMS) used for

pressure data recovery, storage and transmittal
Akpo-5G
Akpo-5st
A Very Large Drilling Operation

Discovery
Jack Ryan
Stena Tay
Pathfinder
2006
DWD
2007
2008
2009
709 days
J Ryan
S- Tay
751 days
305
days
305
days
DWP
4 drilling units, 2000 rig days, 3.6 Millions man hours

Two flagship rigs : Transocean Deepwater Discovery and Jack Ryan
Rig specialization to push the performance limit

Transocean Jack Ryan
Well testing
equipment on Jack
Ryan
Management decision to dedicate one rig for drilling, one rig for completion
Savings in rig upgrades and service costs, efficient specialized rig crew
Batch drilling helps for continuous improvement

Deep Water Discovery
Top-Hole Duration
Mud Mat/TGB in
moon pool
Batch operations improved learning process

Sustained continuous progress for two years
Batch completions for quality & performance

X-Tree installation time
Performance achieved, keeping high quality standards

by batching operations of frac. pack, completions and X-trees
22 wells delivered ON TIME
AKPO strong management achieved a GREAT step

in the efficiency of deep water well delivery
10 km
Subsea Layout, a Key Feature of the Development
12k
m
An Optimized Sub-Sea Layout with multi Drilling Centers, taking onboard
SCR constraints and Flow Assurance requirements, frozen at FEED
21
Flow Assurance: a major factor in project definition
Shut-down
WELL READY
SUBSEA
SYSTEM
PROTECTED
TO RESTART
NO TOUCH
TIME 4-hour
INJECTION
OF METHANOL
STABILISED CRUDE
CIRCULATION
DEPRESSURISATION
OF WELL, JUMPER,
MANIFOLD
AND RISER
FLOW LINE / RISER INSULATION

PERFORMANCES
Flow assurance influences field architecture,

requires early definition
Time
STANDARDIZED DRILL CENTRE LAYOUT

SUBSEA UMBILICAL
TERMINATION
MANIFOLD
MODULE
.
XMAS
TREE
WELLHEAD
HYDRAULIC
FLYING
LEADS
HORIZONTAL
CONNECTORS &
DOGHOUSES
MANIFOLD
PILE
SYSTEM DESIGNED FOR MAXIMUM AVAILABILITY

OTC 23
- 20993
Akpo Subsea Production Facilities
Running Xmas Trees
50 tons at the end of the riser to be accurately positioned

and connected to the wellhead
Jumper installation & Connection
Connector Running Tool
150 line pipe subsea connections completed at First OIL

One Riser Concept Selected at Pre-Basic Stage
Main Factors
Water depth
Flow Assurance
WD : 1300m
No Gas lift
Generic concept
Local content
Bidding process
15
900 m
SCR + wet insulation: best solution for AKPO

27
Flexible Joint Qualification

Early maturity assessment during FEED
Extensive qualification during detail engineering
Fluid compatibility testing

Hyper-Elastic law development for FEA
Resistance to explosive decompression
Ageing stiffening and impact on design
Fatigue resistance under pressure cycles
Early Maturity Assessment defined qualification scope for FJ design

Full scale test confirmed manufacturing process & design fitness for severe conditions
28
SCR Pre-installed, Recovered & Transfered to FPSO

Step 1 : FDS
picks up FL
Head
FPSO
SCR
transferred
to FPSO
SCR load
transfer from
FDS to FPSO
pulling rig
Pulling
rig
Transfer wire
passed to FDS
from FPSO
pulling rig
Step 2 : FL
head on FDS
SCR laying
SCR including
Flex-joint ready
to transfer
FLET
29
AKPO FPSO
Hull: 310m x 61m x 31m
Living Quarter: 240 POB
2 million barrels storage
Oil processing: 185,000 bbl/d
Water injection: 420,000 bbl/d
Produced water treatment:
150,000 bbl/d
Gas treatment: 530 mmscfd
Gas export: 290 mmscfd
Gas injection: 210 mmscfd
110,000 tons fabricated & moored in 1400 m water depth,

14 Steel Catenary Risers
Re-Injection
An Hybrid Gas Injection - Gas export FPSO
Gas
Gas Export
Condensate
Akpo Central
Condensate
Akpo East
Akpo Central
B, EF, G
WI
Flexibility to maintain liquid production

Gas export to LNG production
An all-electric FPSO
Single 160 Mw power generation plant, shorter commissioning & start-up

Higher availability & lower maintenance cost
32
E&I decentralized Technical Buildings
Easier and earlier commissioning before sail-away

Easier start-up of FPSO facilities
33
Field Integrated Control and Safety System

Hull
Topsides
Subsea
Downhole
Global ICSS approach selected during FEED

No barrier to communication
34
Tow Opportunity between Korea and Nigeria
High state of readiness once on location

Team continuity between onshore and offshore
35
Simultaneous Operations Strategy
3 drilling rigs, 4 construction vessels, 1 flotel and FPSO

SCR installation, hook up, commissioning while producing
36
2 Years of Active People Development
Mobilise and train early - start production early

High Production Delivery Performance
Cumulative
Production
Align project activities completion with production goals

PLAN
ACTUAL
AKPO Operations: the Keys to Success
Integrated Project organisation

Technological expertise
Deep offshore operational experience
Early operators mobilisation
Focused Nigerians development
Robust site organisation
Personal Commitment
Operations success
is the AKPO Project teams overall success

Nigeria's Akpo Project Pushed Offshore Oil Development Frontiers

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Akpo

AFTP/SPE - Akpo Project - 23-06-10 A. Lain / F. Fourni

A LARGE PROJECT OFFSHORE NIGERIA BY TOTAL

1400m water depth, 100 miles off Port Harcourt

A Complex Venture Arrangement

PSA (Farm-in Agreement)

Managed through a PSA and a PSC, Partnerships

A Complex Venture but still a robust one

3 National Oil Companies !

AN HYBRID HIGH TECH SCHEME

Complex sand lobes and channels, critical fluid

TECHNOLOGY PUSHED TO NEW FRONTIERS

7 SAS, Perforation/ frac. pack in single run in 10 , intelligent completions

QUALIFICATIONS FOR TECHNOLOGY RISKS

150 qualification programs

EXECUTION ON A GLOBAL SCALE

32 million man-hours, 14 million in Nigeria

INNOVATIVE BIDDING SOLUTIONS

EPC reservation agreements signed 8 month ahead of uncertain FID

Defined during Basic phase,

Time Allowance for Record Nigerian Content

Up to 18 month for capacity building, 50% for learning curve

An Integrated Project Management

Fully integrated project management team till 1st oil

Complex under-saturated near-critical fluids

Light Oil (Up to 50API) with High GOR,

A Mandatory Meticulous Well Planning

Definition and freezing of the 22 start-up wells at Project Sanction,

Pre-production Interference Testing

2psi response consistent

Differential Pressure (psi)

Subsea Well Intervention Monitoring System (SWIMS) used for

A Very Large Drilling Operation

4 drilling units, 2000 rig days, 3.6 Millions man hours

Rig specialization to push the performance limit

Batch drilling helps for continuous improvement

Batch operations improved learning process

Batch completions for quality & performance

Performance achieved, keeping high quality standards

22 wells delivered ON TIME

AKPO strong management achieved a GREAT step

Subsea Layout, a Key Feature of the Development

Flow Assurance: a major factor in project definition

FLOW LINE / RISER INSULATION

Flow assurance influences field architecture,

STANDARDIZED DRILL CENTRE LAYOUT

SYSTEM DESIGNED FOR MAXIMUM AVAILABILITY

Akpo Subsea Production Facilities

AFTP/SPE - Akpo Project - 23-06-10

Running Xmas Trees

50 tons at the end of the riser to be accurately positioned

Jumper installation & Connection

Connector Running Tool

150 line pipe subsea connections completed at First OIL

One Riser Concept Selected at Pre-Basic Stage

SCR + wet insulation: best solution for AKPO

Flexible Joint Qualification

Fluid compatibility testing

Early Maturity Assessment defined qualification scope for FJ design

SCR Pre-installed, Recovered & Transfered to FPSO

AFTP/SPE - Akpo Project - 23-06-10

110,000 tons fabricated & moored in 1400 m water depth,