Livro Manual de Direito Penal Militar Comentado Coimbra Neves Parte I 2012

SOBRE OS AUTORES
CCERO ROBSON COIMBRA NEVES ] *?MNL? ?G !CL?CNI -?H
;F J?F; -IHNC@_=C; 2HCP?LMC>;>? ;NaFC=; >? 0[I -;OFI m -2 0- "MJ?=C;FCMN;

?G !CL?CNI -?H;F J?F; "M=IF; 0OJ?LCIL >I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I "0*- >? 0[I
-;OFI "MJ?=C;FCMN; ?G !CL?CNI -?H;F "=IHbGC=I ? "OLIJ?O J?F; 2HCP?LMC>
;>? >? ICG<L; !CJFIG;>I &HN?LH;=CIH;F ?G !CL?CNIM %OG;HIM J?F;

Universitt Heidelberg ? J?FI Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public
Law and International Law -LI@?MMIL >? !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L H; =;>?GC;
>? -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I ;LLI L;H=I ? >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ? -IF_=C; 'O>C=CXLC;
*CFCN;L HI ?HNLI >? FNIM "MNO>IM >? 0?AOL;H\; "0 >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L
>I"MN;>I>?0[I-;OFI ;JCN[I>;-IF_=C;*CFCN;L>I"MN;>I>?0[I-;OFI
MARCELLO STREIFINGER ] *?MNL? ?G
C^H=C;M -IFC=C;CM >?
0?AOL;H\; ? ,L>?G -e<FC=; J?FI ?HNLI >? FNIM "MNO>IM >? 0?AOL;H\;
"0 >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI "MJ?=C;FCMN; ?G !CL?CNI
-?H;F J?F; "M=IF; 0OJ?LCIL >I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I "0*- >? 0[I -;OFI -LI
@?MMIL >? -IF_=C; 'O>C=CXLC; *CFCN;L HI ?HNLI >? FNIM "MNO>IM >? 0?AOL;H\;
"0 >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI ? >? !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L

H; =;>?GC; >? -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I ;LLI L;H=I *;DIL >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I
"MN;>I>?0[I-;OFI
Rua Henrique Schaumann, 270, Cerqueira Csar So Paulo SP

CEP 05413-909
PABX: (11) 3613 3000
SACJUR: 0800 055 7688
De 2
a 6 a , das 8:30 s 19:30
saraivajur@editorasaraiva.com.br
Acesse: www.saraivajur.com.br
Filiais
AMAZONAS/RONDNIA/RORAIMA/ACRE
/O; IMN;T?P?>I m ?HNLI
#IH?
m#;R
m*;H;OM
BAHIA/SERGIPE
/O;ALCJCHI!aL?; mLIN;M
#IH?

#;R
m0;FP;>IL
BAURU (SO PAULO)
/O;*IHM?HBIL F;LI

m ?HNLI
#IH?
m#;R
m;OLO
CEAR/PIAU/MARANHO
P#CFIG?HI$IG?M m';=;L?=;HA;
#IH?

#;R
m#ILN;F?T;
DISTRITO FEDERAL
0&02)1L?=BI)IN? m0?NIL>?&H>eMNLC;?<;MN?=CG?HNI
#IH?

#;R
mL;M_FC;
GOIS/TOCANTINS
P&H>?J?H>^H=C; m0?NIL?LIJILNI
#IH?

#;R
m$ICZHC;
MATO GROSSO DO SUL/MATO GROSSO
/O;>?'OFBI m ?HNLI
#IH?
m#;R
m ;GJI$L;H>?
MINAS GERAIS
/O;F]G-;L;_<; m);AICHB;
#IH?
m#;R
m?FI%ILCTIHN?

PAR/AMAP
1L;P?MM;JCH;A]M m;NCMN; ;GJIM
#IH?

#;R
m?F]G
PARAN/SANTA CATARINA
/O; IHM?FB?CLI);OLCH>I m-L;>I3?FBI
#IH?#;R
m OLCNC<;
PERNAMBUCO/PARABA/R. G. DO NORTE/ALAGOAS
/O; ILL?>IL>ICMJI mI;3CMN;
#IH?
m#;R
m/?=C@?
RIBEIRO PRETO (SO PAULO)
P#L;H=CM=I'OHKO?CL; m ?HNLI
#IH?
m#;R
m/C<?CL[I-L?NI
RIO DE JANEIRO/ESPRITO SANTO
/O;3CM=IH>?>?0;HN;&M;<?F ;m3CF;&M;<?F
#IH?
m#;R

/CI>?';H?CLI
RIO GRANDE DO SUL
P'/?HH?L m#;LL;JIM
#IH?#;R

-ILNIF?AL?
SO PAULO
PHNXLNC=; m;LL;#OH>;
#IH?-5
m0[I-;OFI
ISBN 978-85-02-17357-6
Dados Internacionais de Catalogao na Publicao (CIP)

(Cmara Brasileira do Livro, SP, Brasil)
+?P?M _=?LI/I<MIH ICG<L;

*;HO;F>?>CL?CNIJ?H;FGCFCN;L _=?LI/I<MIH
ICG<L;+?P?M *;L=?FFI0NL?C@CHA?Lm?>m0[I
-;OFI0;L;CP;
C<FCIAL;@C;
!CL?CNIJ?H;FGCFCN;LmL;MCF&0NL?C@CHA?L
*;L=?FFI&&1_NOFI

!2

ndice para catlogo sistemtico:

L;MCF!CL?CNIJ?H;FGCFCN;L

Diretor editorial )OCT/I<?LNI OLC;
Gerente de produo editorial )_AC;FP?M
Editor assistente /;JB;?F3;MM[I+OH?M/I>LCAO?M
Preparao de originais H; LCMNCH;$;L=C; *;LC;)e=C;>?,FCP?CL;$I>IS? ;GCFF;;TTIHC>?

*?>?CLIM
Projeto grfico *bHC=;);H>C
Arte e diagramao LCMNCH;J;L?=C>;AO>I>?#L?CN;M?">MIH IFI<IH?
Reviso de provas /CN;>? XMMC;.O?CLIT$ILA;NC ]FC;/?ACH;0IOT;>?L;ODI?!?HCM?

-CM;H?M=BC
Servios editoriais ;GCF;LNCIFC)IOL?CLI?*;LC; ?=_FC; IONCHBI*;LNCHM
Capa "MNe>CIIA;LC
Produo digital "MNe>CI">CNIL?M=IG - &H@ILGXNC=;

!;N;>?@?=B;G?HNI>;?>C\[I

!ePC>;M
=?MM? QQQM;L;CP;DOL=IG<L
+?HBOG;J;LN?>?MN;JO<FC=;\[IJI>?LXM?LL?JLI>OTC>;JILKO;FKO?LG?CIIO@ILG;M?G;JL]PC;
;ONILCT;\[I>;">CNIL;0;L;CP;PCIF;\[I>IM>CL?CNIM;ONIL;CM]=LCG??MN;<?F?=C>IH;)?CH
?JOHC>IJ?FI;LNCAI>I a>CAI-?H;F

129.090.002.001
AGRADECIMENTOS
>;PC>;
I HIMMI !?OM 1I>I

-I>?LIMI JIL N?L
HIM JL?GC;>I =IG I MIJLI
IM HIMMIM J;CM ;LH?CLI o!CFG;p 'ILA? ? *;LCF?H; KO? HIM =IH
=?<?L;G?@ILD;L;GHIMMI=;LXN?L=IG?RNL?G;>CAHC>;>?
jM HIMM;M ?MJIM;M )O=C;H; ? H; /CN; ? ;IM HIMMIM @CFBIM ;LIFCH;
o ;=Xp 3C=NIL &T;<?FF; *;NB?OM ? )O=;M KO? M?GJL? HIM ;JIC;L;G ?
;=CG; >? NO>I =IGJL??H>?L;G HIMM;M ;OM^H=C;M ?G PXLCIM GIG?HNIM >OL
;HN?;?F;<IL;\[I>?MN?NL;<;FBI
I =;L_MMCGI -LI@?MMIL 0]LACI /I<?LNI !C;M ?R?GJFI CFC<;>I H;
>I=^H=C; >?MN? -;_M =OD; ;GCT;>? ? CH=?HNCPI @IL;G >?=CMCPIM J;L; HIMM;
?GJL?CN;>;
I <LCFB;HN? JLI@?MMIL ,MQ;F>I %?HLCKO? !O?E *;LKO?M =OD;M
FC\d?M P?L>;>?CL;M @IHN?M CHMJCL;>IL;M @IL;G @OH>;G?HN;CM H; L?;FCT;\[I
>?MN;I<L;
I *CHCMNLI >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L ;LFIM F<?LNI *;LKO?M

0I;L?M @IHN? CH?MAINXP?F >? ?HMCH;G?HNIM KO? HIM GINCP; ;I ?MNO>I >?N;F
B;>I>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L

I ;GCAI JLI@?MMIL ? CH=?HNCP;>IL /IH;F>I 'I[I /INB KO? H[I

JIOJIO M?O N?GJI ?G HIM ILC?HN;L >?GIHMNL;H>I M?O ?MJ_LCNI CH=;HMXP?F H;
<OM=;>I?HAL;H>?=CG?HNI>I!CL?CNI
I <L;PI -LI@?MMIL 'ILA? ?M;L >? MMCM >? KO?G MIGIM @C]CM ?M
=O>?CLIMHI=IG<;N?;IoIMNL;=CMGIp>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
I >CMNCHNI -LI@?MMIL FXO>CI GCH *CAO?F =OD;M FC\d?M CHIP;>IL;M
HI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L N^G CHMJCL;>I HIMMI L;=CI=_HCI =IHNLC<OCH>I
CG?HM;G?HN?J;L;IHIMMI=L?M=CG?HNICHN?F?=NO;F
IM ;GCAIM >? NI>;M ;M BIL;M H>L] 3CH_=COM >? FG?C>; $OMN;PI
,=N;PC;HI !CHCT 'OHKO?CL; /?CH;F>I 7S=B;H >? *IL;?M F?R;H>L? %?H
LCKO?M>; IMN;?<?F;L>I'eFCI>;/I=B; J?FI;JICICH=IH>C=CIH;F

DILH;>;
IM KO?LC>IM ;GCAIM ? ;FOHIM JIL CHMNCA;L

HIM ; CHAL?MM;L H?MN;
SUMRIO
AL;>?=CG?HNIM
-L?@X=CI
+IN;>IMONIL?M
PRIMEIRA PARTE
IG?HNXLCIMY-;LN?$?L;F>I a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
&HNLI>O\[I
CAPTULO I
%CMNaLC=I?=IHMC>?L;\d?MCHNLI>ONaLC;M
L?P?BCMNaLC=I>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
"M<I\IA?L;F
,!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L<L;MCF?CLIm<L?P??M=IL\IBCMNaLC=I>;F?ACMF;\[I
=;MNL?HM?
MF?ACMF;\d?MJ?H;CMGCFCN;L?M?GIONLIMJ;_M?M
!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;LMO<MN;HNCPI?;>D?NCPI
?GDOL_>C=I
J?H;F
$?H?L;FC>;>?M
?GDOL_>C=I
J?H;FGCFCN;L
L?AOF;LC>;>?>;MCHMNCNOC\d?MGCFCN;L?M
;LXN?L?MJ?=C;F>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
#OH>;G?HNIM?@CH;FC>;>?>;J?H;HI!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
IH=?CNIJL?=XLCI>?J?H;
1?ILC;M;<MIFON;M>;J?H;
1?ILC;ML?F;NCP;M>;J?H;
1?ILC;MGCMN;MIOOHC@C=;>IL;M
-L?P?H\[IA?L;FJIMCNCP;
1?ILC;>;J?H;?I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
IH=?CNI>?!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
-LCH=_JCIM>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
IH=?CNI>?JLCH=_JCI?MO;>CMNCH\[I>;ML?AL;M
IH@FCNI?HNL?JLCH=_JCIM
F;MMC@C=;\[I>IMJLCH=_JCIM
-LCH=_JCIMFCGCN;>IL?M>I jus puniendi HI!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L

-LCH=_JCI>;F?A;FC>;>?
-LCH=_JCI>;CHN?LP?H\[IG_HCG;
-LCH=_JCI>;CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C;
-LCH=_JCI>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?

-LCH=_JCI>;BOG;HC>;>?

LCG?JLaJLC;?CGJLIJLC;G?HN?GCFCN;L
LCN]LCI>?=IH@CAOL;\[I>I=LCG?GCFCN;L
/?F?PZH=C;>;>CMNCH\[I?HNL?=LCG?MJLIJLC;G?HN??CGJLIJLC;G?HN?GCFCN;L?M
1?ILC;=FXMMC=;
3CM[I>;>IONLCH;J?H;F=IGOGOG;oN?ILC;NIJIALX@C=;p
1?ILC;>?'ILA?F<?LNI/IG?CLIoN?ILC;JLI=?MMO;Fp
F;MMC@C=;\[INLC=INbGC=;>?&IH?>?0IOT; LOT? FXO>CIGCH*CAO?

/?F;\[I>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L=IGIONL;M=C^H=C;M?IONLIML;GIM>I!CL?CNI
*?>C=CH;)?A;F
LCGCH;F_MNC=;
-MCKOC;NLC;#IL?HM?
C^H=C;M LCGCH;CM
#CFIMI@C;>I!CL?CNI
0I=CIFIAC;'OL_>C=;
!CL?CNI IHMNCNO=CIH;F
!CL?CNI>GCHCMNL;NCPI
!CL?CNI>GCHCMNL;NCPI!CM=CJFCH;L
#IHN?M>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
#IHN?G;N?LC;F
#IHN?M@ILG;CM
#IHN?CG?>C;N;
#IHN?MG?>C;N;M
&HN?LJL?N;\[I?CHN?AL;\[I>;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L
&HN?LJL?N;\[I;ON^HNC=;=IHN?RNO;FHI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
IH=?CNI>?GCFCN;L;LN>I -*
IH=?CNI>?GCFCN;LJIL?KOCJ;L;\[I;LN>I -*

IH=?CNI>?;MM?G?FB;>I;LN>I -*
IH=?CNI>?MOJ?LCIL@OH=CIH;F;LN>I -*

JFC=;\[I>;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L
)?CJ?H;FGCFCN;LHIN?GJI
1?GJI>I=LCG?GCFCN;L
&LL?NLI;NCPC>;>?>; lex gravior

Abolitio criminis
Lex mitior
Lex tertia
*?>C>;M>?M?AOL;H\;
+ILG;J?H;F?G<L;H=I
)?C?R=?J=CIH;F?F?CN?GJILXLC;
LCG?=IHNCHO;>I?=LCG?J?LG;H?HN?
)?CJ?H;FGCFCN;LHI?MJ;\I
,M>CMJIMCNCPIM>?MJC=C?H>IM
)OA;L>I=LCG?GCFCN;L
JFC=;\[I>;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L?GL?F;\[IYMJ?MMI;M
&GOHC>;>?>CJFIGXNC=;
&GOHC>;>?M;JFC=;>;M;IM>?N?HNIL?M>?G;H>;NIM?F?NCPIM
+I\d?MCHNLI>ONaLC;MMI<L?;MCGOHC>;>?M
J;LF;G?HN;L?M
+I\d?M@OH>;G?HN;CM;=?L=;>;;JFC=;\[I>;F?CJ?H;F
?GL?F;\[I;IM>?N?HNIL?M>?G;H>;NI?F?NCPIHI
-I>?L"R?=ONCPI
"@?NCP;;JFC=;\[I>;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L;I=OJ;HN?M>?=;L
AIM?F?NCPIM
JFC=;\[I>;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L?GL?F;\[I;IM;>PIA;>IM
IHN;A?G>?JL;TIMHI!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
1LC<OH;F-?H;F&HN?LH;=CIH;F

LC;\[I
"R?L=_=CI>;DOLCM>C\[I?=LCG?M>?=IGJ?N^H=C;>I1-&
-IHNIMJIF^GC=IM>I"MN;NONI>?/IG;?GL?F;\[I;IIL>?H;G?HNIDOL_>C=I
<L;MCF?CLI
-ILIMC>;>?>IMNCJIMJ?H;CM?G@;=?>;N]=HC=;B?N?LI>IR;;LN I
"R=?\d?M;IJLCH=_JCI>;=ICM;DOFA;>;
&GJL?M=LCNC<CFC>;>?>IM>?FCNIM;<L;HAC>IMJ?F;=IGJ?N^H=C;>I1-&
"HNL?A;>?H;=CIH;CM?G=IHNL;JIMC\[IYP?>;\[I>??RNL;>C\[I>?
<L;MCF?CLIMH;NIM
IGCH;\[I>?J?H;>?JLCM[IJ?LJ]NO;
LCG?GCFCN;L?;=IGJ?N^H=C;>I1-&
CAPTULO II
!I#;NI-OH_P?F
!IAGXNC=;J?H;F
*I>?FIMJ?H;CM
IH=?CNIM>?=LCG?
#ILG;F
*;N?LC;F
H;F_NC=I
;OM;FCMGI=FXMMC=I
;OM;FCMGIH?I=FXMMC=I
#CH;FCMGI
#OH=CIH;FCMGIJ?H;F
,@OH=CIH;FCMGIJ?H;F>? F;OM/IRCH
,@OH=CIH;FCMGIJ?H;F>?$fHNB?L';EI<M
$fHNB?L';EI<M?I!CL?CNI-?H;F>ICHCGCAI
?R;FN;\[I>;oL?PIFO\[IQ?FT?HC;H;pI@CH;FCMGI=IGI
MCMN?G;L?CNIL?M?O=IH=?CNI;H;F_NC=I>?=LCG?
*I>?FI;>IN;>IJ?FI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L

,GI>?FI;>IN;>IHI a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG
H?A;\[I>I@OH=CIH;FCMGI=IGIGI>?FIL?CNILJ;L;I
"MN;>I!?GI=LXNC=I>?!CL?CNI
!,!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L?;JIMMC<CFC>;>?>?;JFC=;\[I>?OG;
GIF>OL;@CH;FCMN;
"F?G?HNIM>I=IH=?CNI;H;F_NC=I>?=LCG?M?AOH>II
@CH;FCMGI
1CJI>?CHDOMNII@;NIN_JC=I
;\[IBOG;H;
n1?ILC;=;OM;F>;;\[I
n1?ILC;@CH;FCMN;>;;\[I
n1?ILC;MI=C;F>;;\[I
n,ONL;MN?ILC;M>;;\[I
</?MOFN;>I
=/?F;\[I>?=;OM;FC>;>?
n1?ILC;>;?KOCP;F^H=C;>IM;HN?=?>?HN?MN?ILC;>; conditio
sine qua non
n1?ILC;>;;>?KO;\[I
n1?ILC;>;L?F?PZH=C;DOL_>C=;
n1?ILC;>;CGJON;\[II<D?NCP;>IL?MOFN;>I
n+?RI=;OM;FHIM=LCG?MIGCMMCPIM
>1CJIJ?H;FNCJIF?A;FIONCJC=C>;>??GM?HNC>I?MNLCNI
n"M=IL\IBCMNaLC=I>;N?ILC;>;NCJC=C>;>?
n1CJIJ?H;FGCFCN;L=IGCMMCPI>IFIMI
n1CJIJ?H;FGCFCN;LIGCMMCPI
n1CJIJ?H;FGCFCN;L=OFJIMI
n1CJIF?A;F>I=LCG?GCFCN;L;MBCJaN?M?M>I;LN I >I -*
n,M=LCG?MGCFCN;L?M>IFIMIM=IHNL;;PC>;>?=CPCM
n,M=LCG?MGCFCN;L?M?GN?GJI>?AO?LL;
n1CJC=C>;>?=IGI=LCN]LCI>?>C@?L?H=C;\[I?HNL?=LCG?GCFCN;L?
=LCG?=IGOG?MKO?G;?FO=C>;NCPI
n IH=OLMI>?J?MMI;MHI!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
1CJI>?CHDOMNI;;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?

;"M=IL\IBCMNaLC=I
<HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? CHDOMNI?;HNCHILG;NCPC>;>?
=HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?IOCFC=CNO>?
>HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?J?H;F??RNL;J?H;F
?HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?G;N?LC;F?@ILG;F
@!?MP;FIL>;;\[I?>?MP;FIL>IL?MOFN;>I
A"R=FO>?HN?M>?;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?HI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
n"MN;>I>?H?=?MMC>;>?
n)?A_NCG;>?@?M;
n"MNLCNI=OGJLCG?HNI>I>?P?LF?A;F
n"R?L=_=CIL?AOF;L>?OG>CL?CNI
n2MIH?=?MMXLCI>;@IL\;J;L;=IGJ?FCLMO<IL>CH;>I
n IHM?HNCG?HNI>II@?H>C>I
n"R=?MMIH;M=;OM;MDOMNC@C=;HN?M
OFJ;<CFC>;>?
;1?ILC;M>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>??IMGI>?FIMJ?H;CM
n1?ILC;JMC=IFaAC=;>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
n1?ILC;JMC=IFaAC=I
HILG;NCP;>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
n1?ILC;HILG;NCP;JOL;>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
<&GJON;<CFC>;>?
n,JLI<F?G;>;G;CILC>;>?J?H;FHI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;LIOI
!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L'OH?PCF
n"G<LC;AO?T?M?ONL;N;G?HNIHI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
n"GI\[I?J;CR[I
=-IN?H=C;F=IHB?=CG?HNI>;CFC=CNO>?
nJLI<F?GXNC=;>I?LLI?;=IHM=C^H=C;>;CFC=CNO>?
>"RCAC<CFC>;>?>?=IH>ON;>CP?LM;

CAPTULO III
IHM?KO^H=C;M>I LCG?
!;MJ?H;MJLCH=CJ;CM
-?H;>?GILN?
/?=FOM[I?>?N?H\[I
-LCM[I
&GJ?>CG?HNI
0OMJ?HM[I>I?R?L=_=CI>IJIMNI AL;>O;\[I =;LAIIO@OH\[I

/?@ILG;
!;;JFC=;\[I>;J?H;
-LCG?CL;@;M?>;;JFC=;\[I>;J?H;>?@CHC\[I>;J?H;
<;M?
0?AOH>;@;M?>;;JFC=;\[I>;J?H;=CL=OHMNZH=C;M;AL;P;HN?M?;N?HO;HN?M
CL=OHMNZH=C;M;AL;P;HN?M
CL=OHMNZH=C;M;N?HO;HN?M
1?L=?CL;@;M?>;;JFC=;\[I>;J?H;=;OM;M?MJ?=C;CM>?;OG?HNI?>CGCHOC\[I
>?J?H;
!;MJ?H;M;=?MMaLC;M
"MJ]=C?M>?J?H;M;=?MMaLC;M
-?L>;>IJIMNI?>;J;N?HN? CH>CAHC>;>?J;L;II@C=C;F;NI?CH=IGJ;N
C<CFC>;>?=IGII@C=C;F;NI
"R=FOM[I>;M#IL\;MLG;>;M
-?L>;>;@OH\[IJe<FC=;
&H;<CFCN;\[IJ;L;I?R?L=_=CI>?@OH\[IJe<FC=;
0OMJ?HM[I>IJXNLCIJI>?L NON?F;IO=OL;N?F;
0OMJ?HM[I>IM>CL?CNIMJIF_NC=IM
&GJIMC\[I>?J?H;;=?MMaLC;
*?>C>;M>?M?AOL;H\;
-?MMI;MMOD?CN;MYMG?>C>;M>?M?AOL;H\;

&HN?LH;\[I?GG;HC=bGCIDO>C=CXLCI
;MM;\[I>?FC=?H\;J;L;>CLCACLP?_=OFIMGINILCT;>IM
"R_FCIFI=;F
-LIC<C\[I>?@L?KO?HN;L>?N?LGCH;>IMFOA;L?M
&HN?L>C\[I>??MN;<?F?=CG?HNI MI=C?>;>?IO;MMI=C;\[I
IH@CM=I
.O;>LIL?MOGC>I
IH=OLMI>?=LCG?MHI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
IH=?CNI
!C@?L?H=C;\[I?HNL?L?CH=C>^H=C; =IH=OLMI>?J?MMI;M?=IH=OLMI;J;L?HN?>?
HILG;M
0CMN?G;M>?;JFC=;\[I>?J?H;M?G=IH=OLMI>?=LCG?M
IH=OLMI>?=LCG?MHI a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG
IH=OLMIG;N?LC;FIOL?;F
IH=OLMI@ILG;FIOC>?;F
LCG?=IHNCHO;>I
IH=OLMI>?=LCG?MHI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
HXFCM?>I;LN>I -*
LCG?=IHNCHO;>IHI -*
,JLI<F?G;>I;LN>I -*H;OHC@C=;\[I>;MJ?H;MJLCP;NCP;M>?

FC<?L>;>?HI=IH=OLMI>?=LCG?M?H;@CR;\[I>;J?H;@CH;F?G
=LCG?MJL;NC=;>IMCMIF;>;G?HN?
0OMJ?HM[I=IH>C=CIH;F>;J?H;
IH=?CNI
/?KOCMCNIM
IH>C\d?M
/?PIA;\[I
;OM;M>?L?PIA;\[II<LCA;NaLC;
/?PIA;\[I@;=OFN;NCP;

-LILLIA;\[I
"RNCH\[I>;J?H;
+[I;JFC=;\[I>I sursis
!IFCPL;G?HNI=IH>C=CIH;F
IH=?CNI
/?KOCMCNIM
-?H;M?G=IH=OLMI>?CH@L;\d?M
"MJ?=C@C=;\[I>;M=IH>C\d?M
/?PIA;\[I
,<LCA;NaLC;
#;=OFN;NCP;
"RNCH\[I>;J?H;
+[I;JFC=;\[I>IFCPL;G?HNI=IH>C=CIH;F
;MIM?MJ?=C;CM
"@?CNIM>;=IH>?H;\[I
\[IJ?H;F
&HNLI>O\[I
IH>C\d?M>;;\[I
"MJ]=C?M>?;\[IJ?H;F>I!CL?CNI-?H;F=IGOG
\[IJ?H;FJe<FC=;
\[IJ?H;FJe<FC=;CH=IH>C=CIH;>;IO;<MIFON;
\[IJ?H;FJe<FC=;=IH>C=CIH;>;
/?JL?M?HN;\[I >I I@?H>C>I IO >? M?O L?J
L?M?HN;HN?F?A;F
/?KOCMC\[I>I*CHCMNLI>;'OMNC\;
\[IJ?H;FJLCP;>;*I>;FC>;>?M
\[IJ?H;FJLCP;>;?R=FOMCP;
.O?CR;
=LCG?
/?HeH=C;

-?L>[I>II@?H>C>I
\[IJ?H;FJLCP;>;MO<MC>CXLC;>;Je<FC=;
\[IJ?H;FHI!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
-OHC<CFC>;>?
IH=?CNI
;OM;M?RNCHNCP;M>;JOHC<CFC>;>?HI!CL?CNI-?H;F=IGOG
*ILN?>I;A?HN?
HCMNC; AL;\;IOCH>OFNI
HCMNC;
$L;\;IOCH>OFNI
Abolitio criminis
!?=;>^H=C;
-?L?GJ\[I
/?HeH=C;>I>CL?CNI>?KO?CR;?J?L>[I;=?CNI
/?NL;N;\[I>I;A?HN?
-?L>[IDO>C=C;F
-L?M=LC\[I
;OM;M?RNCHNCP;M>;JOHC<CFC>;>?HI!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
*ILN?>I;A?HN?
HCMNC;IOCH>OFNI
HCMNC;
&H>OFNI
Abolitio criminis
-L?M=LC\[I
OM^H=C;>;>?=;>^H=C; J?L?GJ\[I L?HeH=C;;I>CL?CNI>?KO?CR;?

J?L>[I>II@?H>C>I;=?CNIJ?FIKO?L?F;>I=IGI=;OM;M?RNCHNCP;M
>;JOHC<CFC>;>?HI!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
-?L>[IDO>C=C;FHI!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L

-L?M=LC\[I
&HNLI>O\[I
-L?M=LC\[I>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP;
-L;TIM>;JL?M=LC\[I>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP;
1?LGICHC=C;F>;JL?M=LC\[I>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP;
0OMJ?HM[I>IJL;TI>;JL?M=LC\[I>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP;
;OM;MMOMJ?HMCP;MHI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
.O?MNd?MJL?DO>C=C;CMB?N?LIA^H?;M
OGJLCG?HNI>?J?H;HI?MNL;HA?CLI
;OM;MMOMJ?HMCP;M?RNL;P;A;HN?M;I a>CAI-?H;F
*CFCN;L
0OMN;\[I >; ;\[I J?H;F =IHNL; J;LF;
G?HN;L@?>?L;F??MN;>O;F
0OMJ?HM[I >; JL?M=LC\[I ?G =LCG? JL;N
C=;>I
J?FI
-L?MC>?HN?
>;
/?Je<FC=;
0OMJ?HM[I =IH>C=CIH;F >I JLI=?MMI HIM

N?LGIM >; )?C H sursis
JLI=?MMO;F
0OMJ?HM[I >; JL?M=LC\[I HIM N?LGIM >I

;LN >I a>CAI >? -LI=?MMI
-?H;F=IGOG
0OMJ?HM[I >; JL?M=LC\[I J?F; ?RJ?>C\[I
>?=;LN;LIA;NaLC;
IH=FOMd?M;=?L=;>;M=;OM;MMOMJ?HMCP;M>I=OLMI>;
JL?M=LC\[I>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP;
&HN?LLOJ\[I>IJL;TI>;JL?M=LC\[I>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP;
;OM;M>?CHN?LLOJ\[I>IJL;TIJL?M=LC=CIH;F>;JL?
N?HM[IJOHCNCP;?RJL?MM;MHI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
&HMN;OL;\[I>IJLI=?MMIL?=?<CG?HNI>;>?HeH=C;IOKO?CR;
&HN?LLOJ\[I>IJL;TIJL?M=LC=CIH;F>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP;J?F;
M?HN?H\;=IH>?H;NaLC;L?=ILL_P?FJO<FC=;\[I>;
M?HN?H\;IO;=aL>[I=IH>?H;NaLCIML?=ILL_P?CM
;OM;MCHN?LLOJNCP;M>I a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG?MO;CL
L?F?PZH=C;J;L;;JL?M=LC\[I>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP;
>I=LCG?GCFCN;L
!CMJIMC\d?M?MJ?=_@C=;MMI<L?;CHN?LLOJ\[I>;JL?
M=LC\[I>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP;

"MJ]=C?M>?JL?M=LC\[I>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP;
-L?M=LC\[IL?NLI;NCP;>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP; =IG<;M?H;
J?H;?G=IH=L?NI
-L?M=LC\[ICHN?L=ILL?HN?>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP; =IG
<;M?H;J?H;?G=IH=L?NI
-L?M=LC\[IPCLNO;F>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP; =IG<;M?H;
JIMM_P?F;JFC=;\[I>?OG;J?H;?G=IH=L?NI
-L?M=LC\[I>;JL?N?HM[I?R?=ONaLC;
-L;TIM>?JL?M=LC\[I>;JL?N?HM[I?R?=ONaLC;
1?LGICHC=C;F>;JL?M=LC\[I>;JL?N?HM[I?R?=ONaLC;
;OM;MMOMJ?HMCP;M>;=IHN;A?G>IJL;TI>;JL?M=LC\[I>;JL?
N?HM[I?R?=ONaLC;
;OM;MCHN?LLOJNCP;M>;=IHN;A?G>IJL;TI>;JL?M=LC\[I>;JL?
N?HM[I?R?=ONaLC;
&HN?LLOJ\[I>IJL;TIJL?M=LC=CIH;F>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCN
CP;J?FICH_=CIIO=IHNCHO;\[I>I=OGJLCG?HNI>;
J?H;
&HN?LLOJ\[I>IJL;TIJL?M=LC=CIH;F>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCN
CP;J?F;L?CH=C>^H=C;
"@?CNIM>IL?=IHB?=CG?HNI>;JL?M=LC\[I>;JL?N?HM[I?R?=ONaLC;
-L?M=LC\[I>I=LCG?>?>?M?L\[I
SEGUNDA PARTE
IG?HNXLCIM;IM=LCG?MGCFCN;L?M?G?MJ]=C?
&HNLI>O\[I
CAPTULO I
LCG?M*CFCN;L?M?G1?GJI>?-;T>IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;M?AOL;H\;
?RN?LH;>I-;_M
%IMNCFC>;>?=IHNL;J;_M?MNL;HA?CLI
-LIPI=;\[I;J;_M?MNL;HA?CLI
NI>?DOLCM>C\[ICH>?PC>;
3CIF;\[I>?N?LLCNaLCI?MNL;HA?CLI
"HN?H>CG?HNIJ;L;?GJ?HB;LIL;MCFYH?ONL;FC>;>?IOYAO?LL;
"HN?H>CG?HNIJ;L;A?L;L=IH@FCNIIO>CP?LA^H=C;=IGIL;MCF
1?HN;NCP;=IHNL;;MI<?L;HC;>IL;MCF
IHM?=O\[I>?HIN_=C; CH@ILG;\[IIO>I=OG?HNIJ;L;@CG>??MJCIH;A?G
/?P?F;\[I>?HIN_=C; CH@ILG;\[IIO>I=OG?HNI
1OL<;\[I>?I<D?NIIO>I=OG?HNI
-?H?NL;\[I=IGI@CG>??MJCIH;A?G
!?M?HBIIOF?P;HN;G?HNI>?JF;HIIOJF;HN;>?FI=;FGCFCN;LIO>??HA?HBI>?
AO?LL;
0I<L?PII?GFI=;FCHN?L>CNI
Sursis FCPL;G?HNI=IH>C=CIH;F?FC<?L>;>?JLIPCMaLC;

CAPTULO II
LCG?M*CFCN;L?M?G1?GJI>?-;T>IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;;ONILC>
;>?IO>CM=CJFCH;GCFCN;L
!IGINCG?>;L?PIFN;
*INCG
/?PIFN;
,LA;HCT;\[I>?ALOJIJ;L;;JLXNC=;>?PCIF^H=C;
,GCMM[I>?F?;F>;>?GCFCN;L
IHMJCL;\[I
OGOF;\[I>?J?H;M
!;;FC=C;\[I?>ICH=CN;G?HNI
FC=C;\[IJ;L;GINCGIOL?PIFN;
&H=CN;G?HNI
JIFIAC;>?@;NI=LCGCHIMIIO>IM?O;ONIL
!;PCIF^H=C;=IHNL;MOJ?LCILIOGCFCN;L>?M?LPC\I
3CIF^H=C;=IHNL;MOJ?LCIL
3CIF^H=C;=IHNL;GCFCN;L>?M?LPC\I
OM^H=C;>?>IFIHIL?MOFN;>I
!I>?ML?MJ?CNI;MOJ?LCIL?;M_G<IFIH;=CIH;FIO;@;L>;
!?ML?MJ?CNI;MOJ?LCIL
!?ML?MJ?CNI;M_G<IFIH;=CIH;F
!?MJID;G?HNI>?MJL?T_P?F
!;CHMO<IL>CH;\[I
/?=OM;>?I<?>C^H=C;
,JIMC\[I;IL>?G>?0?HNCH?F;
/?OHC[ICF_=CN;
-O<FC=;\[IIO=L_NC=;CH>?PC>;
!;OMOLJ;\[I?>I?R=?MMIIO;<OMI>?;ONILC>;>?
MMOH\[I>?=IG;H>IM?GIL>?GIO;ONILCT;\[I
IHM?LP;\[ICF?A;F>?=IG;H>I
,J?L;\[IGCFCN;LM?GIL>?GMOJ?LCIL
,L>?G;L<CNLXLC;>?CHP;M[I
2MICH>?PC>IJILGCFCN;L>?OHC@ILG? >CMNCHNCPIIOCHM_AHC;
2MICH>?PC>I>?OHC@ILG? >CMNCHNCPIIOCHM_AHC;GCFCN;LJILKO;FKO?LJ?MMI;
<OMI>?L?KOCMC\[IGCFCN;L
/CAIL?R=?MMCPI
3CIF^H=C;=IHNL;CH@?LCIL
,@?HM;;PCFN;HN?;CH@?LCIL
!;L?MCMN^H=C;
/?MCMN^H=C;G?>C;HN?;G?;\;IOPCIF^H=C;
!;@OA; ?P;M[I ;LL?<;N;G?HNI?;GINCH;G?HNI>?JL?MIM

#OA;>?JL?MIIOCHN?LH;>I
*I>;FC>;>?=OFJIM;
"P;M[I>?JL?MIIOCHN?LH;>I
LL?<;N;G?HNI>?JL?MIIOCHN?LH;>I
GINCH;G?HNI
CAPTULO III
LCG?M*CFCN;L?M?G1?GJI>?-;T>IM=LCG?M=IHNL;IM?LPC\I
GCFCN;L?I>?P?LGCFCN;L

!;CHMO<GCMM[I
&HMO<GCMM[I
LC;\[IIOMCGOF;\[I>?CH=;J;=C>;>?@_MC=;
0O<MNCNOC\[I>?=IHPI=;>I
#;PIL?=CG?HNI;=IHPI=;>I
!;>?M?L\[I
!?M?L\[I
;MIM;MMCGCF;>IM
N?HO;HN??;AL;P;HN??MJ?=C;CM
!?M?L\[I?MJ?=C;F
IH=?LNIJ;L;>?M?L\[I
!?M?L\[IJIL?P;M[IIO@OA;
#;PIL?=CG?HNI;>?M?LNIL
,GCMM[I>?I@C=C;F
!I;<;H>IHI>?JIMNI?>?IONLIM=LCG?M?GM?LPC\I
<;H>IHI>?JIMNI
!?M=OGJLCG?HNI>?GCMM[I
/?N?H\[ICH>?PC>;
,GCMM[I>??@C=C^H=C;>;@IL\;
,GCMM[I>?JLIPC>^H=C;MJ;L;?PCN;L>;HIM
,GCMM[I>?JLIPC>^H=C;MJ;L;M;FP;L=IG;H>;>IM
,GCMM[I>?MI=ILLI
"G<LC;AO?T?GM?LPC\I
!ILGCL?GM?LPC\I
!I?R?L=_=CI>?=IG]L=CI
"R?L=_=CI>?=IG]L=CIJILI@C=C;F

CAPTULO IV
LCG?M*CFCN;L?M?G1?GJI>?-;T>IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;J?MMI;
!IBIGC=_>CI
%IGC=_>CIMCGJF?M oJLCPCF?AC;>Ip?KO;FC@C=;>I
%IGC=_>CI=OFJIMI
-LIPI=;\[I>CL?N;IO;OR_FCI;MOC=_>CI
!IA?HI=_>CI
$?HI=_>CI
!;F?M[I=ILJIL;F?>;LCR;
)?M[I=ILJIL;F>IFIM;
)?M[I=OFJIM;
-;LNC=CJ;\[I?GLCR;
!;J?LC=FCN;\[I>;PC>;IO>;M;e>?
<;H>IHI>?J?MMI;
*;OM
NL;NIM
!IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;BIHL;
;FeHC;
!C@;G;\[I
&HDeLC;
&HDeLC;L?;F
,@?HM;YM#IL\;MLG;>;M

!IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;FC<?L>;>?
!IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;FC<?L>;>?CH>CPC>O;F
IHMNL;HACG?HNICF?A;F
G?;\;
!?M;@CIJ;L;>O?FI
0?KO?MNLIIO=XL=?L?JLCP;>I
!I=LCG?=IHNL;;CHPCIF;<CFC>;>?>I>IGC=_FCI
3CIF;\[I>?>IGC=_FCI
!IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;CHPCIF;<CFC>;>?>?=ILL?MJIH>^H=C;IO=IGOHC=;\[I
3CIF;\[I>?=ILL?MJIH>^H=C;
!IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;CHPCIF;<CFC>;>?>IMM?AL?>IM>?=;LXN?LJ;LNC=OF;L
!CPOFA;\[I>?M?AL?>I
3CIF;\[I>?L?=;NI
3CIF;\[I>?M?AL?>IJLI@CMMCIH;F
!IM=LCG?MM?RO;CM
"MNOJLI
N?HN;>IPCIF?HNI;IJO>IL
ILLOJ\[I>?G?HIL?M
-?>?L;MNC;IOIONLI;NI>?FC<C>CH;A?G
!IOFNL;D?Je<FC=I;IJO>IL
NII<M=?HI
"M=LCNIIOI<D?NII<M=?HI
CAPTULO V
LCG?M*CFCN;L?M?G1?GJI>?-;T>IM=LCG?M=IHNL;I
J;NLCGbHCI

!I@OLNI
#OLNIMCGJF?M
#OLNI>?OMI
!ILIO<I?>;?RNILM[I
/IO<IMCGJF?M
"RNILM[IMCGJF?M
"RNILM[IG?>C;HN?M?KO?MNLI
B;HN;A?G
"RNILM[ICH>CL?N;
!;;JLIJLC;\[ICH>]<CN;
JLIJLC;\[ICH>]<CN;MCGJF?M
JLIJLC;\[I>?=ICM;B;PC>;;=C>?HN;FG?HN?
!I?MN?FCIH;NI?IONL;M@L;O>?M
"MN?FCIH;NI
<OMI>?J?MMI;
!;L?=?JN;\[I
/?=?JN;\[I
/?=?JN;\[I=OFJIM;
!;OMOLJ;\[I
FN?L;\[I>?FCGCN?M
JIMC\[I MOJL?MM[IIO;FN?L;\[I>?G;L=;
!I>;HI
!;HIMCGJF?M >;HI;N?HO;>I?>;HIKO;FC@C=;>I
!;HI?GG;N?LC;FIO;J;L?FB;G?HNI>?AO?LL;

!;HI?GH;PCI>?AO?LL;IOG?L=;HN??GM?LPC\IGCFCN;L
!;HI?G;J;L?FBIM?CHMN;F;\d?M>?;PC;\[I?H;P;CM ??G?MN;<?F?=CG?HNIM
GCFCN;L?M
!?M;J;L?=CG?HNI =IHMOH\[IIO?RNL;PCI
!;OMOL;
2MOL;J?=OHCXLC;
CAPTULO VI
LCG?M*CFCN;L?M?G1?GJI>?-;T>IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;CH=IFO
GC>;>?Je<FC=;
!IM=LCG?M>?J?LCAI=IGOG
&H=^H>CI
"RJFIM[I
"GJL?AI>?AXMNaRC=IIO;M@CRC;HN?
<OMI>?L;>C;\[I
&HOH>;\[I
-?LCAI>?CHOH>;\[I
!?M;<;G?HNIIO>?MGILIH;G?HNI
0O<NL;\[I I=OFN;\[IIOCHONCFCT;\[I>?G;N?LC;F>?MI=ILLI
#;NIMKO??RJd?G;J?LCAI;J;L?FB;G?HNIGCFCN;L
#ILG;MKO;FC@C=;>;MJ?FIL?MOFN;>I
!C@OM[I>??JCTIINC;IOJL;A;P?A?N;F
"G<LC;AO?T;IPIF;HN?
-?LCAIL?MOFN;HN?>?PCIF;\[I>?L?AL;>?NLZHMCNI
#OA;;JaM;=C>?HN?>?NLZHMCNI

!IM=LCG?M=IHNL;IMG?CIM>?NL;HMJILN??>?=IGOHC=;\[I

-?LCAI>?>?M;MNL?@?LLIPCXLCI
N?HN;>I=IHNL;NL;HMJILN?
N?HN;>I=IHNL;PC;NOL;IOIONLIG?CI>?NL;HMJILN?
#ILG;MKO;FC@C=;>;MJ?FIL?MOFN;>I
LL?G?MMI>?JLID]NCF
N?HN;>I=IHNL;M?LPC\I>?ONCFC>;>?GCFCN;L
&HN?LLOJ\[IIOJ?LNOL<;\[I>?M?LPC\IIOG?CI>?=IGOHC=;\[I
OG?HNI>?J?H;
!IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;M;e>?
1LX@C=I JIMM?IOOMI>??HNILJ?=?HN?IOMO<MNZH=C;>??@?CNIMCGCF;L
/?=?CN;CF?A;F
"JC>?GC;
"HP?H?H;G?HNI=IGJ?LCAI?RN?HMCPI
ILLOJ\[IIOJIFOC\[I>?XAO;JINXP?F
#ILH?=CG?HNI>?MO<MNZH=C;HI=CP;
#ILH?=CG?HNI>?MO<MNZH=C;;FN?L;>;
,GCMM[I>?HINC@C=;\[I>?>I?H\;
CAPTULO VII
LCG?M*CFCN;L?M?G1?GJI>?-;T>IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;;>GCHCM
NL;\[IGCFCN;L
!I>?M;=;NI?>;>?MI<?>C^H=C;
!?M;=;NI;MOJ?LCIL
!?M;=;NI;GCFCN;L
!?M;=;NI;;MM?G?FB;>IIO@OH=CIHXLCI
!?MI<?>C^H=C;
&HAL?MMI=F;H>?MNCHI
!IJ?=OF;NI
-?=OF;NI
-?=OF;NIG?>C;HN?;JLIP?CN;G?HNI>I?LLI>?IONL?G
!;=IH=OMM[I ?R=?MMI>??R;\[I?>?MPCI
IH=OMM[I
"R=?MMI>??R;\[I
!?MPCI
!;=ILLOJ\[I
ILLOJ\[IJ;MMCP;
ILLOJ\[I;NCP;
-;LNC=CJ;\[ICF_=CN;
!;@;FMC>;>?
#;FMC@C=;\[I>?>I=OG?HNI
#;FMC>;>?C>?IFaAC=;
B?KO?M?G@OH>IM
?LNC>[IIO;N?MN;>IC>?IFIAC=;G?HN?@;FMI
2MI>?>I=OG?HNI@;FMI
0OJL?MM[I>?>I=OG?HNI
2MI>?>I=OG?HNIJ?MMI;F;FB?CI
#;FM;C>?HNC>;>?
!IM=LCG?M=IHNL;I>?P?L@OH=CIH;F
-L?P;LC=;\[I
3CIF;\[I>I>?P?L@OH=CIH;F=IGI@CG>?FO=LI
"RNL;PCI MIH?A;\[IIOCHONCFCT;\[I>?FCPLIIO>I=OG?HNI

IH>?M=?H>^H=C;=LCGCHIM;

+[ICH=FOM[I>?HIG??GFCMN;
&HI<M?LPZH=C;>?F?C L?AOF;G?HNIIOCHMNLO\[I
3CIF;\[IIO>CPOFA;\[ICH>?PC>;>?=ILL?MJIH>^H=C;IO=IGOHC=;\[I
3CIF;\[I>?MCACFI@OH=CIH;F
3CIF;\[I>?MCACFI>?JLIJIMN;>?=IH=ILL^H=C;
,<MNX=OFIYB;MN;Je<FC=; =IH=ILL^H=C;IONIG;>;>?JL?\IM
"R?L=_=CI@OH=CIH;FCF?A;F
<;H>IHI>?=;LAI
JFC=;\[ICF?A;F>?P?L<;IO>CHB?CLI
<OMI>?=IH@C;H\;IO<I;
@]
3CIF^H=C;;L<CNLXLC;
-;NLI=_HCICH>]<CNI
!IM=LCG?MJL;NC=;>IMJILJ;LNC=OF;L=IHNL;;;>GCHCMNL;\[IGCFCN;L
2MOLJ;\[I>?@OH\[I
1LX@C=I>?CH@FO^H=C;
0O<NL;\[IIOCHONCFCT;\[I>?FCPLI JLI=?MMIIO>I=OG?HNI
&HONCFCT;\[I>??>CN;FIO>?MCH;FI@C=C;F
&GJ?>CG?HNI J?LNOL<;\[IIO@L;O>?>?=IH=ILL^H=C;
CAPTULO VIII
LCG?M*CFCN;L?M?G1?GJI>?-;T>IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;;>GCHCM
NL;\[I>;'OMNC\;*CFCN;L
/?=OM;>?@OH\[IH;'OMNC\;*CFCN;L
!?M;=;NI
I;\[I
!?HOH=C;\[I=;FOHCIM;
IGOHC=;\[I@;FM;>?=LCG?
ONI;=OM;\[I@;FM;
#;FMIN?MN?GOHBIIO@;FM;J?L_=C;
ILLOJ\[I;NCP;>?N?MN?GOHB; J?LCNIIOCHN]LJL?N?
-O<FC=C>;>?IJL?MMCP;
!?MI<?>C^H=C;;>?=CM[IDO>C=C;F
#;PIL?=CG?HNIJ?MMI;F
#;PIL?=CG?HNIL?;F
&HONCFCT;\[I MIH?A;\[IIO>?M=;GCHBI>?G;N?LC;FJLI<;HN?
"RJFIL;\[I>?JL?MN_ACI
!?MI<?>C^H=C;;>?=CM[IMI<L?J?L>;IOMOMJ?HM[I>?;NCPC>;>?IO>CL?CNI

CAPTULO IX
L?P?M IG?HNXLCIM;IM LCG?M*CFCN;L?M?G1?GJI>?$O?LL;

!I@;PIL?=CG?HNI;ICHCGCAI
!;NL;C\[I
1L;C\[I
#;PIL;ICHCGCAI
1?HN;NCP;=IHNL;;MI<?L;HC;>IL;MCF
I;\[I; IG;H>;HN?
&H@ILG;\[IIO;OR_FCI;ICHCGCAI
FC=C;\[I>?GCFCN;L
NIJL?DO>C=C;FY?@C=C^H=C;>;NLIJ;
!;NL;C\[ICGJLaJLC;
1L;C\[ICGJLaJLC;
!;=I<;L>C;
I<;L>C;
I<;L>C;KO;FC@C=;>;
#OA;?GJL?M?H\;>ICHCGCAI
!;?MJCIH;A?G
"MJCIH;A?G
-?H?NL;\[I>??MNL;HA?CLI
!IGINCG?>;L?PIFN;
*INCG L?PIFN;IO=IHMJCL;\[I
,GCMM[I>?F?;F>;>?GCFCN;L
!ICH=CN;G?HNI
&H=CN;G?HNI
&H=CN;G?HNI?GJL?M?H\;>ICHCGCAI
!;CHI<M?LPZH=C;>I>?P?LGCFCN;L
/?H>C\[IIO=;JCNOF;\[I
,GCMM[I>?PCACFZH=C;
!?M=OGJLCG?HNI>I>?P?LGCFCN;L
#;FN;>?=OGJLCG?HNI>?IL>?G
"HNL?A;IO;<;H>IHI=OFJIMI
;JNOL;IOM;=LC@_=CI=OFJIMI
0?J;L;\[IL?JLIPXP?F
<;H>IHI>?=IG<ICI
0?J;L;\[I=OFJIM;>?=IG;H>I
1IF?LZH=C;=OFJIM;
"HN?H>CG?HNI=IGICHCGCAI
!I>;HI
!;HI?MJ?=C;F
!;HI?G<?HM>?CHN?L?MM?GCFCN;L
"HP?H?H;G?HNI =ILLOJ\[IIO?JC>?GC;
!IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;CH=IFOGC>;>?Je<FC=;
LCG?M>?J?LCAI=IGOG
!;CHMO<IL>CH;\[I?>;PCIF^H=C;
/?=OM;>?I<?>C^H=C;IOIJIMC\[I
I;\[I=IHNL;,@C=C;F
$?H?L;FIO IG;H>;HN?
3CIF^H=C;=IHNL;MOJ?LCILIOGCFCN;L>?M?LPC\I
!I;<;H>IHI>?JIMNI
<;H>IHI>?JIMNI
!;>?M?L\[I?>;@;FN;>?;JL?M?HN;\[I
!?M?L\[I
!?M?L\[I?GJL?M?H\;>ICHCGCAI
#;FN;>?;JL?M?HN;\[I
!;FC<?LN;\[I >;?P;M[I?>I;GINCH;G?HNI>?JLCMCIH?CLIM
)C<?LN;\[I>?JLCMCIH?CLI
"P;M[I>?JLCMCIH?CLI
GINCH;G?HNI>?JLCMCIH?CLIM
!I@;PIL?=CG?HNI=OFJIMI;ICHCGCAI
#;PIL?=CG?HNI=OFJIMI

!;BIMNCFC>;>??>;IL>?G;L<CNLXLC;
-LIFIHA;G?HNI>?BIMNCFC>;>?M
,L>?G;L<CNLXLC;
!IM=LCG?M=IHNL;;J?MMI;
!IBIGC=_>CI
%IGC=_>CIMCGJF?M
!IA?HI=_>CI
$?HI=_>CI
;MIM;MMCGCF;>IM
!;F?M[I=ILJIL;F
)?M[IF?P?
!IM=LCG?M=IHNL;IJ;NLCGbHCI
#OLNI
/IO<IIO?RNILM[I
0;KO?
!IL;JNI?>;PCIF^H=C;=;LH;F
/;JNI
3CIF^H=C;=;LH;F
Sursis ?FCPL;G?HNI=IH>C=CIH;F
Referncias

PREFCIO
IG GOCN; ;F?ALC; ;=?CN?C I =IHPCN? J;L; JL?@;=C;L ; I<L; CHNCNOF;>;

Manual de Direito Penal Militar >? ;ONILC; >? _=?LI /I<MIH ICG<L;
+?P?M ;JCN[I >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI ? >? *;L=?FFI 0NL?
C@CHA?L *;DIL >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI ,M ;ONIL?M M[I N;G
<]G -LI@?MMIL?M >? Direito Penal Militar H; =;>?GC; >? -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I
;LLI L;H=I -* HI OLMI >? ;=B;L?F;>I ?G C^H=C;M -IFC=C;CM >?
0?AOL;H\; ? ,L>?G -e<FC=; <?G =IGI F?=CIH;G ; G;N]LC; Polcia Judiciria Militar HI ?HNLI >? FNIM "MNO>IM >? 0?AOL;H\; ;?M ? HI OLMI
>?*?MNL;>I?G C^H=C;M-IFC=C;CM>?0?AOL;H\;?,L>?G-e<FC=;
*CHB; M;NCM@;\[I ?G JL?@;=C;L ?MN; I<L; ] L?>I<L;>; -IL OG F;>I

J?FI ;MJ?=NI J?MMI;F ? ;=;>^GC=I IHB?=C OG >IM ;ONIL?M _=?LI /I<MIH
ICG<L; +?P?M HI =OLMI >? JaM

AL;>O;\[I ?G !CL?CNI -?H;F >; "M=IF; 0O
J?LCIL >I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I >? 0[I -;OFI I @CH;F >?MM? =OLMI @OC I ILC?HN;
>IL >? MO; GIHIAL;@C; @CH;F m Erro de direito no Cdigo Penal Militar. -IM
N?LCILG?HN? HI =OLMI >? JaM

AL;>O;\[I ?G !CL?CNI -?H;F >; -IHNC@_=C;
2HCP?LMC>;>? ;NaFC=; >? 0[I -;OFI NCP? ; IJILNOHC>;>? >? M?L HIP;G?HN?
M?O ILC?HN;>IL >?MM; P?T ?G >CMM?LN;\[I >? G?MNL;>I ; L?MJ?CNI >; Omisso
penalmente relevante "MM?M ;HIM >? =IHPCP^H=C; ;=;>^GC=; HIM JLIJC
=C;L;G H[I Ma JLI@_=OI >CXFIAI =C?HN_@C=I =IGI N;G<]G ; =IHMNLO\[I >? MaF
C>;;GCT;>?

-IL IONLI F;>I J?F; CGJILNZH=C; >IM N?G;M ;<IL>;>IM "G IM

;ONIL?M JO<FC=;L;G I JLCG?CLI PIFOG? >I FCPLI Apontamentos de Direito
Penal Militar J?F; L?HIG;>; Editora Saraiva JIL GCG N;G<]G JL?@;=C;>I
KO? N?P? OG M?AOH>I PIFOG? ?>CN;>I ?G J?F; G?MG; ?>CNIL; L?@?L
?HN? Y -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L IHMC>?LI ?MM;M I<L;M GI>?FI
>? ILC?HN;\[I ;IM JLI@CMMCIH;CM ? ?MNO>CIMIM ?G !CL?CNI -?H;F JLCH=CJ;F
G?HN? J?F;M >C@?L?H\;M GIMNL;>;M ?HNL? I !CL?CNI -?H;F IGOG m a partir

da Reforma Penal de 1984 m ? I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L IGI =IG?HN;>I ?G
G?O JL?@X=CI ;HN?LCIL N;CM >C@?L?H\;M >?=ILL?G ?MM?H=C;FG?HN? >IM <?HM
DOL_>C=IM JLIN?AC>IM HI IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I GCFCN;L KO;CM M?D;G ; >CM=CJ
FCH; ? ; BC?L;LKOC; KO? HILN?C;G ; JLaJLC; =IH=?CNO;\[I >IM =LCG?M

GCFCN;L?M
, FCPLI IL; JL?@;=C;>I ] OG; ;GJFC;\[I MCAHC@C=;NCP; >;M L?@?LC>;M
I<L;M ? @LONI >? L?@F?Rd?M ? ;JLI@OH>;G?HNI >IM ?MNO>IM H?MM?M eFNCGIM
;HIM >IM N?G;M H?F;M =IHNC>IM I<L; ;NO;F ?H=IHNL;
M? ;LLCG;>; ?G ;GJF;
DOLCMJLO>^H=C; ?G ?MJ?=C;F >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L ? >IM >?G;CM
1LC<OH;CM *CFCN;L?M >? AL;H>? CHN?L?MM? J;L; IM ?MNO>CIMIM HI ZG<CNI
;=;>^GC=I?JLI@CMMCIH;F
, ?MNO>I ] >CPC>C>I ?G >O;M J;LN?M Parte Geral ? Parte Especial

>I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L &HC=C;
M? ; JLCG?CL; J;LN? ; J;LNCL >; %CMNaLC; >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L HI L;MCF =IG =IHMC>?L;\d?M ;=?L=; >?MM? L;GI >I
!CL?CNI +?MM; J;LN? A?L;F >I ?MNO>I G?L?=?G >?MN;KO? ; ;HXFCM? >;M @CH;FC>
;>?M ? ; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; >I =IH=?CNI >? >?FCNI GCFCN;L ? >IM JLCH=_JCIM
HILN?;>IL?M ? FCGCN;>IL?M >I >CL?CNI >? JOHCL HI ZG<CNI >; F?ACMF;\[I
=;MNL?HM?
+I NI=;HN? Y =F;MMC@C=;\[I >IM =LCG?M =;<? L?MM;FN;L ; >CMNCH\[I
=IHNC>; HI NL;<;FBI ?HNL? IM =LCG?M JLaJLC; ? CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M

!?MM; aNC=; IM ;ONIL?M ;H;FCM;G =IG JLI@OH>C>;>? I ;LN I >I a>CAI -?H
;F *CFCN;L KO? ?MN;<?F?=? N;F >CMNCH\[I &GJILN;HN? ;CH>; L?MM;FN;L I ?MNO>I

>?M?HPIFPC>I H; Parte Geral >; I<L; MI<L? ; HI\[I >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ?
=OFJ;<CFC>;>? HI ZG<CNI >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ? MO; >CMNCH\[I >I !CL?CNI
-?H;F IGOG

.O;HNI Y Parte Especial H; I<L; ;HN?LCIL Apontamentos de

Direito Penal Militar, B;PC; =IG?HNXLCIM ;N] I ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F *CF
CN;L 'X H; JL?M?HN? I<L; BIOP? MCAHC@C=;NCP; ?RN?HM[I >; Parte Especial KO?
M? NILHIO =IGJF?N; =IG L?@F?Rd?M ? ;JLI@OH>;G?HNI >IM ?MNO>IM @LONI >?
>?>C=;\[I ? MCAHC@C=;NCP; J?MKOCM; >IM ;ONIL?M M?AOH>; J;LN? >; I<L; ]
>?>C=;>; ;IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ?G ?MJ]=C? =IG ;HXFCM? ?R;OMNCP; >IM =LCG?M
GCFCN;L?M ?G N?GJI >? J;T ? =IG IM <L?P?M =IG?HNXLCIM >IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M
?GN?GJI>?AO?LL;
MMCG =IGI H; I<L; ;HN?LCIL ?MN? *;HO;F @I=;FCT; ;M >C@?L?H\;M

MO<MN;H=C;CM ?HNL? I !CL?CNI -?H;F IGOG ? I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L >?=IL
L?HN?M >IM <?HM DOL_>C=IM JLIN?AC>IM HI ZG<CNI >I IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I GCF
CN;L KO;CM M?D;G ; BC?L;LKOC; ? ; >CM=CJFCH; =IGI ?RJL?MM[I GXRCG; ? H?
=?MMXLC; >;M @OH\d?M =IHMNCNO=CIH;CM ;NLC<O_>;M YM #IL\;M LG;>;M ? YM -IF_
=C;M *CFCN;L?M <?G =IGI ;IM ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M 'X HI ZG<CNI
>I !CL?CNI -?H;F IGOG ; A;L;HNC; >; FC<?L>;>? ;@CAOL;
M? JL?>IGCH;HN?
1;CM >CMNCH\d?M =IGI M? >?GIHMNL; H?MN? FCPLI >?P?G M?L =IHMC>?L;>;M H;
=IH@CAOL;\[I >IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M =IG ;LLCGI HIM JLCH=_JCIM ? A;L;HNC;M
@OH>;G?HN;CM =IHNC>IM H; IHMNCNOC\[I L;MCF?CL; >? JIMN?LCIL ;I
a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;LPCA?HN?
-IL NI>IM ?MM?M GINCPIM G?O =IHN?HN;G?HNI ?G JL?@;=C;L ?MN;

G;AH_@C=; I<L; >? AL;H>? CHN?L?MM? H[I Ma J;L; ; ?M@?L; ;=;>^GC=; =IGI
N;G<]G J;L; IM JLI@CMMCIH;CM KO? GCFCN;G H; XL?; J?H;F N;HNI H; ;>PI=;=C;
KO;HNIH;MPXLC;M=;LL?CL;MDOL_>C=;M
,MQ;F>I%?HLCKO?!O?E*;LKO?M
-LI=OL;>IL>?'OMNC\;;JIM?HN;>I?-LI@?MMIL1CNOF;L>?!CL?CNI
-?H;F>;-IHNC@_=C;2HCP?LMC>;>? ;NaFC=;>?0[I-;OFI
NOTA DOS AUTORES
"G ?GJIFA;>IM JIL HIMM;M ;OF;M H; =;>?GC; >? -IF_=C; *CF
CN;L >I ;LLI L;H=I F;H\;GIM ; JLCG?CL; ?>C\[I >I PIFOG? & >; I<L; Apontamentos de Direito Penal Militar =IG =IG?HNXLCIM Y -;LN? $?L;F >I a>CAI
-?H;F *CFCN;L I KO? I=ILL?O >? @ILG; >?MJL?N?HMCIM; M?G KO? >?M?DXMM?GIM
@;T?L>?HIMMIMJ?HM;G?HNIMP?L>;>?MCH=IHN?MN?M
+; M?KO^H=C; ?PIFOCH>I ?G HIMMI ?MNO>I HI ;HI >?

F;H\;GIM I PIFOG? && >; L?@?LC>; I<L; =IG =IG?HNXLCIM ; ;FAOHM =LCG?M ?G
?MJ]=C? N;G<]G >? @ILG; CH;OAOL;F ? >?MJL?N?HMCIM; IO M?D; <OM=;H>I
;J?H;M OG; ;HXFCM? PIFN;>; Y CHNLI>O\[I >I !CL?CNI ;MNL?HM? eNCF ;I
AL;>O;H>I?;IIJ?L;>IL>?MM?L;GI>I!CL?CNI
-?FI >CH;GCMGI >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;FCXM =IGI I=ILL? =IG I
!CL?CNI ?G A?L;F I JLCG?CLI PIFOG? G?L?=C; OG; L?PCM[I <OM=;H>I MO; ;NO
;FCT;\[I ? ;GJFC;\[I >?G;CM I M?AOH>I PIFOG? HI JLID?NI CHC=C;F H[I ;F
=;H\IONI>IMIM>?FCNIM >?MILN?KO??L;H?=?MMXLC;MO;=IGJF?G?HN;\[I
+?MM? =IHN?RNI NL;<;FBXP;GIM H; L?PCM[I >I PIFOG? & ? H; =IGJF?
G?HN;\[I >I PIFOG? && KO;H>I MOLACO ; C>?C; >? KO? ; I<L; ;AIL; =IGJF?N;
? ;NO;FCT;>; @IMM? =IH>?HM;>; ?G OG eHC=I PIFOG? KO? ;J?M;L >? =IHMCMNCL
?G OG; LI<OMN; ?>C\[I CLC; @;=CFCN;L ?RNL?G;G?HN? I G;HOM?CI ? ; CHN?L;\[I
>? ;MMOHNIM 0OLACO ;MMCG ?MN; ?>C\[I J;L; ; KO;F L?MIFP?GIM ;FN?L;L I
N_NOFI ILCACH;F JIL ?HN?H>?L KO? >?MN; P?T BX OG; JLIJIMN; G;CM =IGJF?N;

?G<IL; =IGI M;C<;GIM ; =;>; ?>C\[I >? OG; I<L; M?GJL? ] JIMM_P?F
=IGJF?G?HNX
F;
+; I<L; =IGI OG NI>I H[I BIOP? ; JL?N?HM[I >? ?HMCH;L >? @ILG;
CGJIMCNCP; HIMM; PCM[I MI<L? I !CL?CNI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? G;M ;J?H;M >? ?RJIL
;M C>?C;M >? @ILG; GOCNI JL;AGXNC=; M?G ?MKO?=?L >; FCHAO;A?G DOL_>C=; >?
MILN? KO? ; I<L; JO>?MM? ;F=;H\;L M?O CHN?HNI >? M? NILH;L OG; eNCF @?LL;
G?HN;;I?MNO>CIMI?;I;JFC=;>IL>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
"MM; PCM[I KO?L?GIM L?MM;FN;L ?MNX MOD?CN; I<PC;G?HN? YM =L_NC=;M

>IM HIMMIM F?CNIL?M KO? JI>?L[I >CM=IL>;L >? ;FAOHM JIHNIM =IHMCAH;>IM
!?M>? KO? ;LL;TI;>;M ? =IG I ?MJ_LCNI =IHMNLONCPI N;CM ;LAOG?HN;\d?M =IH
NLXLC;M M?L[I GOCNI <?G

PCH>;M ? =?LN;G?HN? M? HIM =IHP?H=?L?G =IH
MN;L[I >? @ONOL;M ?>C\d?M >; I<L; JI>?H>I CH=FOMCP? CGJILN;L ?G ;FN?L;\[I
>?HIMMIL;=CI=_HCI
JLIJaMCNI >; GO>;H\; >? JIMC=CIH;G?HNI HIMMI =L?M=CG?HNI
=IGI ?MNO>CIMIM >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? ?MJ?L;GIM HOH=; M?D; =IHNC>I
F?PIO
HIM ; L?J?HM;L PXLCIM JIHNIM I<N?H>I =IGI L?MOFN;>I ; ?RJF;H;\[I >?
IONL;M =ILL?HN?M JIMM_P?CM ;CH>; KO? G;HN?H>I ; HIMM; PCM[I ? ?G ;FAOHM
=;MIM ;N] G?MGI ; ;FN?L;\[I >I KO? =IHMCAH;GIM H;M ?>C\d?M ;HN?LCIL?M
PCMNI KO? ;MMCG =IGI M? ;NLC<OC ;I J?HM;G?HNI >? F;CM? -;M=;F H[I N?GIM
P?LAIHB;>?GO>;L>?IJCHC[I OG;P?TKO?H[IN?GIMP?LAIHB;>?J?HM;L
+; >CM=OMM[I >; -;LN? $?L;F IM ;=L]M=CGIM @IL;G PXLCIM JI>?H>I
M? G?H=CIH;L ; N_NOFI >? ?R?GJFI ; F?G<L;H\; >OL;HN? ; >CM=OMM[I >I

?M=IL\I BCMNaLC=I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L >I o-;=IN? >? <LCF >? p m >?
@OH>;G?HN;F CGJILNZH=C; J;L; ; ;JFC=;\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?G ZG
<CNI ?MN;>O;F m ; =IHMNLO\[I >C@?L?H=C;>IL; ?HNL? CHN?LJL?N;\[I ? CHN?AL;\[I
>; HILG; J?H;F GCFCN;L MO; ;JFC=;\[I ?G L?F;\[I YM J?MMI;M ;<IL>;H>I I

CGJILN;HN? N?G; >;M CGOHC>;>?M OG ?MNO>I G;CM JLI@OH>I >;M J?H;M JLCH
=CJ;CM?>;;JFC=;\[I>;J?H;JLCP;NCP;>?FC<?L>;>?
+; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F ;FAOHM ;LNCAIM DX =IG?HN;>IM HI PIFOG? && @IL;G
L?PCMCN;>IM =IG ;FAOHM ;=L]M=CGIM ?G ?MJ?=C;F >? JIMC=CIH;G?HNIM DOLCM
JLO>?H=C;CM *;M I G;CIL A;HBI I<PC;G?HN? @IC I ;=L]M=CGI >IM

=IG?HNXLCIM ;IM >?FCNIM H[I NL;TC>IM J?F; ?>C\[I ;HN?LCIL M?H>I F;H\;>I
HIMMI ?HN?H>CG?HNI MI<L? IM =LCG?M =IHMN;HN?M H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I a>CAI
-?H;F*CFCN;L ;J;LNCL>I;LN
@ILG; >? ?RJIMC\[I >IM >?FCNIM ?G ?MJ]=C? =IG I CHNOCNI >? @;=CF
CN;L ; =IGJL??HM[I >I F?CNIL M?AOCO ; ?MNLONOL; NL;>C=CIH;FG?HN? ?H=IHNL;>;
?G I<L;M >? @CH;FC>;>? M?G?FB;HN? >?MNCH;H>I ; =;>; NCJI J?H;F OG; ;HXF
CM? =C?HN_@C=; J?F; KO;F M? JIMM;G >?N?=N;L IM JLCH=CJ;CM ?F?G?HNIM

>CMNCHNCPIM #LCM?
M? H?MM? ;MJ?=NI KO? ?G<IL; ?HN?H>;GIM KO? I ?F?G?HNI
MO<D?NCPI >IM >?FCNIM =OFJIMIM M?D; CLL?F?P;HN? IJN;GIM JIL ;JL?=CX
FI N;F
=IGI H; ?RJIMC\[I NL;>C=CIH;F >; >IONLCH; JXNLC; ?G NaJC=I ;J;LN;>I
MMCG MI< ; LO<LC=; ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI ;JL?=C;GIM N;HNI I >IFI =IGI ;
=OFJ;
IG ?MM? FCPL? ?MJ_LCNI F;H\;GIM I HIMMI Manual de Direito Penal

Militar ?MJ?L;H>I G;CM OG; P?T KO? ;M >CM=OMMd?M MOM=CN;>;M JIMM;G ?H
AL;H>?=?LIJ?HM;G?HNI?NILH;L
HIMG?FBIL?M;=;>;>C;
COMENTRIOS PARTE
GERAL DO
CDIGO PENAL MILITAR
INTRODUO
, a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;MMCG =IGI I

PC>C>I?G-;LN?$?L;F?-;LN?"MJ?=C;F
a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ] >C
+; -;LN? $?L;F ?H=IHNL;GIM IM >IAG;M JLCH=CJ;CM J;L; ; CHN?L
JL?N;\[I ? ;JFC=;\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ; ?R?GJFI >? >CMJIMCNCPIM >?
CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;ON^HNC=; >? =IH=?J\d?M ;=?L=; >I >IFI ? >; =OFJ; >I =IH
=OLMI>?J?MMI;M >I=IH=OLMI>?=LCG?M?N=
IGI P?L?GIM ?MNO>;L I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IG <;M? H; -;LN?

$?L;F >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L MCAHC@C=; OG; M;<ILIM; PC;A?G H; BCMNaLC; >I
JLaJLCI !CL?CNI -?H;F OG; P?T KO? ;M L?@ILG;M F?ACMF;NCP;M CGJIMN;M ;I
!CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG ?G MO; AL;H>? G;CILC; H[I ;NCHACL;G ; F?ACMF;\[I
=;MNL?HM? NILH;H>I
; OG P?L>;>?CLI L?ACMNLI BCMNaLC=I >; ?PIFO\[I >I
!CL?CNI-?H;F

+I ?HN;HNI J;L; =IGJL??H>?L ?R;N;G?HN? ;FAOHM >CMJIMCNCPIM ]

JL?=CMI @;T?L =?LNIM =IG?HNXLCIM CHNLI>ONaLCIM ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ; ?R
?GJFI >I ?M=IL\I BCMNaLC=I >; F?ACMF;\[I >; M?>CG?HN;\[I >? ;FAOHM JLCH=_
JCIM ? >; =IH=?J\[I >? <?G DOL_>C=I J?H;F GCFCN;L I KO? M?G G;CM >?GIL;
CHC=C;L?GIM
HISTRICO E CONSIDERAES
INTRODUTRIAS
1. BREVE HISTRICO DO DIREITO PENAL

MILITAR
1.1. "M<I\IA?L;F
BCMNaLC; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IGI ] ?PC>?HN? ;JLIRCG;
M?
?G MO; ILCA?G >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG JILKO;HNI ; =CM[I BID? ?H=IHNL;>;
H?GM?GJL?@ICN[I;<LOJN;
+?MM? M?HNC>I H[I ] JIMM_P?F ;@;MN;L ;M =FXMMC=;M FC\d?M DX M?>C
G?HN;>;M ?G HIMM; >IONLCH; ;M KO;CM ; ?R?GJFI >I M;O>IMI *CL;<?N? >C
PC>?G I !CL?CNI -?H;F ?G @;M?M ;=?HNO;>;M JIL =;L;=N?L_MNC=;M =OFNOL;CM >?

=?LN; @ILG; CHN?AL;>;M F?P;H>I Y =IGJL??HM[I >; ?RCMN^H=C; >? OG J?L_I>I
JLCGCNCPI @;M? >? PCHA;H\; !CL?CNI -?H;F %?<L?O !CL?CNI -?H;F /IG;HI
!CL?CNI -?H;F $?LGZHC=I !CL?CNI ;HbHC=I !CL?CNI *?>C?P;F -?L_I>I %O
G;HCNXLCI "M=IF; FXMMC=; "M=IF; -IMCNCP; ?N=[1] ,ONLIM =IGI !O?E
*;LKO?M ?H=IHNL;G HI ILL?=CIH;FCMGI >? !IL;>I *IHN?LI ? >? IH=?J
=CaH L?H;F ? H; +IP; !?@?M; 0I=C;F >? *;L= H=?F L?@?L^H=C; I<LCA;NaLC;
H; =IGJL??HM[I ?R;N; >; ?PIFO\[I >; ;NO;F >IAGXNC=; J?H;F ? JLCH=CJ;F
G?HN? ?G OG =LCN?LCIMI ? @?HIG?H;F ?MNO>I ;=?L=; >IM @OH>;G?HNIM ? >;

@CH;FC>;>? >; J?H;[2] +[I M? JI>? H?A;L ;I G?HIM MI< ; CGJIMC\[I >?
JLCH=_JCIM ; CH@FO^H=C; >IM GIPCG?HNIM >? JIF_NC=; =LCGCH;F MOJL;=CN;>IM
MI<L?NO>I JIL H[I B;P?L @;NI CMIF;>I G;L=;HN? KO? N?HB; F?P;>I Y <C@OL=;\[I
>I!CL?CNI-?H;F?G=IGOG?GCFCN;L
, NL;\I >? N;CM @;M?M m =IGI JL?@?L?G ;FAOHM "M=IF;M -?H;CM m ]
GOCNI <?G ?MGCO\;>I J?F; >IONLCH; J?H;F =IGOG L;T[I JIL KO? H[I HIM
>?>C=;L?GIM ; N;F GCMM[I MMCG J;MM;L?GIM ; @I=;L I =IHN?e>I BCMNaLC=I >I

!CL?CNI ;MNL?HM?[3] KO?I<PC;G?HN?L?MP;F;LXHI!CL?CNI-?H;F=IGOG
CH>; KO? H[I M? JIMM; >?@CHCL =IG ?R;NC>[I I GIG?HNI ?G KO?

MOLACO OG !CL?CNI PIFN;>I Y ;NCPC>;>? <]FC=; JI>?
M? ?G FCHB;M A?L;CM
;@CLG;L N?L MC>I ?G N?GJIM L?GINIM ;=IGJ;HB;H>I I ;J;L?=CG?HNI >IM

JLCG?CLIM ?R]L=CNIM ?MN?M M? M?AO? ; =LC;\[I >? OG aLA[I DOFA;>IL ?MJ?=C;F
CT;>I H; ;JL?=C;\[I >IM =LCG?M JL;NC=;>IM ?G N?GJI >? AO?LL; HI M_NCI >;M
IJ?L;\d?M<]FC=;M
-IL ?MM; L;T[I /IH;F>I /INB ?G JLI@OH>I ?MNO>I ?HMCH; KO? I ?M
N;<?F?=CG?HNI >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >;N; N;G<]G >; o;HNCAOC>;>? ? P?G JL?=?
>C>I H; BCMNaLC; >IM JIPIM >; ?RCMN^H=C; >I "R]L=CNI =IHMNCNO_>I J;L; ; >?
@?M;??RJ;HM[I>?M?ON?LLCNaLCIp[4]
"MM; N;G<]G ] ; PCM[I >? 2HCP;F>I ILL^; J;L; KO?G ; 'OMNC\;
*CFCN;L >?O IM JLCG?CLIM J;MMIM I<PC;G?HN? ?G PCLNO>? >I MOLACG?HNI >? OG
>CL?CNI MO<MN;HNCPI ?MJ?=_@C=I J;L; ; ;NCPC>;>? <?FCA?L;HN? oKO;H>I I

BIG?G ?HNLIO H; @;CR; >;M =IHKOCMN;M ? >;M >?@?M;M J;L; I M?O JIPIp
G?MGI JILKO? M?HNCO oH?=?MMC>;>? >? =IHN;L ; KO;FKO?L BIL; ? ?G KO;FKO?L
MCNO;\[I =IG OG =ILJI >? MIF>;>IM >CM=CJFCH;>IM MI< OG L?ACG? @]LL?I ?
=IGM;H\d?MAL;P?M?>?;JFC=;\[ICG?>C;N;p[5]
-I>?
M? =IH=FOCL JILN;HNI KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?G KO? J?M?
; CH@FO^H=C; >IM GIPCG?HNIM =IH>C=CIH;HN?M >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG
>?M?HPIFP?
M? J;L;F?F;G?HN? ? A;HB; HINILC?>;>? =IG I CH_=CI >; ;NCPC>;>?
<]FC=; ?RCACH>I JIL =IHM?KO^H=C; ; ;JL?=C;\[I >I @;NI =LCG? JIL ZHAOFI >C
P?LMI IKO?L?MOFNIOH;ILCA?G>;'OMNC\;*CFCN;L

0OLA? JICM I JLCG?CLI JLI<F?G; ; M?L =IHNILH;>I KO;F M?D; ;

>?@CHC\[I N?GJIL;F >I CH_=CI >; ;NCPC>;>? <]FC=; J?FI M?L BOG;HI ,<PC;
G?HN? I JLI<F?G; H[I =IGJILN; L?MJIMN; eHC=; P;LC;H>I >? ;=IL>I =IG ;
J?LMJ?=NCP;>I;H;FCMN;
V JIMM_P?F =IHMC>?L;L I BIG?G JIL ?R?GJFI OG M?L IHNIFIAC=;
G?HN? <?FC=IMI I KO? J?LGCNCLC; ;@CLG;L KO? >?M>? ; @ILG;\[I >I JLCG?CLI
;AFIG?L;>I BOG;HI JI>?

M? >CMNCHAOCL I >?FCNI =IG?NC>I =IHNL; IM J;L?M >I
=IG?NC>I =IHNL; I CHCGCAI ?G ;NCPC>;>? >? L?JOFM; Y ;AL?MM[I >I ALOJI
BIMNCF
!?P?
M? ?HN[I CHPI=;H>I I <IG
M?HMI ?HN?H>?L KO? BX J?L_I>IM
>; ?PIFO\[I BOG;H; KO? G;L=;G I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ; CHC=C;L J?F; H
NCAOC>;>? =ODIM @;NIM >?=CMCPIM @IL;G I MOLACG?HNI >;M C>;>?M

"MN;>IM ?
=IG?F;M ;=LC;\[I>IM"R]L=CNIM>?=;LXN?LJ?LG;H?HN?
+?MM; ?MN?CL; =IGI I<M?LP; ">A;L> B;P?M 'eHCIL[6] JI>?

M?
;JIHN;L =IGI JLCG?CLI "R]L=CNI ILA;HCT;>I ;KO?F? KO? MOLACO H; 0OG]LC;
=?L=; >? ; M?H>I JIL]G ; <?FCA?LZH=C; LIG;H; =LO=C;F J;L; I

>?M?HPIFPCG?HNI>I!CL?CNI ;MNL?HM?
0?G ?G<;LAI I &GJ]LCI /IG;HI =IHM;ALIO

M? HIM >CT?L?M >?
);OL;H>[7] JIL OG; coragem disciplinada I KO? =IH>OT Y L?@F?R[I ?G
=IGJF?G?HNI ;I ;=CG; DX ?PC>?H=C;>I ; JLIJaMCNI >? KO;NLI ?F?G?HNIM
C>;>?M
"MN;>IM "R]L=CNIMJ?LG;H?HN?M ?RJ;HMCIHCMGI?>CM=CJFCH;
!?MM; GCMNOL; >? ?F?G?HNIM =IH=;N?H;

M? I L;=CI=_HCI >? KO? OG;
M;HB; ?RJ;HMCIHCMN;
CGJ?LC;FCMN; F?P; ; OG; =CL=OHMNZH=C; >? J?L?H? JLIH
NC>[I >IM "R]L=CNIM NL;HM@ILG;H>I

IM ?G CHMNCNOC\d?M J?LG;H?HN?M @ILG;
>IM ? ?MNLONOL;>IM MI< L_AC>; >CM=CJFCH; 1I>I =C>;>[I ?L; JIL =IHM?AOCHN?
OGMIF>;>I
+;NOL;F JILN;HNI KO? BIOP?MM? ; C>?;FCT;\[I >? >?FCNIM JLaJLCIM >;

;NCPC>;>? <]FC=; I KO? M?G MIG<L; >? >ePC>; CGJOFMCIHIO ; L?F?PZH=C; >I
!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L

MM?HNCH>I H; L?F?PZH=C; CHKO?MNCIHXP?F >I !CL?CNI /IG;HI

)IOL?CLI +?NI MOMN?HN; B;P?L ?PC>^H=C;M BCMNaLC=;M >? KO? IONL;M =CPCFCT;\d?M
>; HNCAOC>;>? vH>C; -]LMC; N?H;M *;=?>bHC; ? ;LN;AI o=IHB?=C;G ;
?RCMN^H=C; >? =?LNIM >?FCNIM GCFCN;L?M ? M?OM ;A?HN?M ?L;G DOFA;>IM J?FIM
JLaJLCIM GCFCN;L?Mp[8] G;M MIG?HN? ?G /IG; I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;>
KOCLCO ;ONIHIGC; JIL ?MM; L;T[I ?RJd? L?MOGC>;G?HN? ; ?PIFO\[I BCMNaLC=;

?GKO;NLI@;M?M
; ]JI=; >IM L?CM ?G KO? IM MI<?L;HIM =IH=?HNL;P;G ?G MO;M
G[IMNI>IMIMJI>?L?M CH=FO_>II>?DOFA;L
; @;M? ?G KO? ; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?L; ?R?L=C>; J?FIM =bHMOF?M =IG
JI>?L?M >? imperium majus B;P?H>I ;<;CRI >?F?M I NLC<OHI GCFCN;L KO?
JIMMO_; I =B;G;>I imperium militae MCG<IFCT;H>I ; >OJF; L?OHC[I >;
DOMNC\;?>I=IG;H>I
; ]JI=; >? OAOMNI ?G KO? ; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?L; ?R?L=C>; J?FIM
JL?@?CNIM>IJL?NaLCI =IGDOLCM>C\[IGOCNI;GJF;?
; ]JI=; >? IHMN;HNCHI ?G KO? @IC CHMNCNO_>I I Consilium =IG ;

@OH\[I>?;MMCMNCLIDOCTGCFCN;L M?H>IMO;IJCHC[I;J?H;M=IHMOFNCP;
-;L; IM LIG;HIM =?LNIM =LCG?M =IG?NC>IM ?G <;N;FB; MCAHC@C=;P;G

I ?MNCAG; >; CH@ZGC; ? JI>?LC;G M?L JOHC>IM =IG <;MNIH;>;M ;N] ;
GILN?[9]
IGJL??HM[I H[I GOCNI >C@?L?HN? NCHB;G IM AL?AIM MI<L?NO>I IM

;N?HC?HM?M ? IM ?MJ;LN;HIM DX KO? ; JL?J;L;\[I <]FC=; ?L; J;LN? >; @ILG;\[I
>? NI>I =C>;>[I KO? M? =IH@CAOL;P; OG MIF>;>I >; JXNLC; M?H>I I ;NI >?
AO?LL?;L ;NCPC>;>? HI<L? >CAH; >; CHN?L@?L^H=C; >IM >?OM?M MMCG HIM L?
F;N;G IM @CFaMI@IM =IHN?GJILZH?IM >? 0a=L;N?M ?G =OD; ;JIFIAC; >?GIH
MNL;P;G ; MO; JL?I=OJ;\[I =IG ; @ILG;\[I <]FC=; GOCN;M P?T?M H?AFCA?H
=C;>; J?FIM MI@CMN;M[10] +?MM; P?LN?HN? N;G<]G BLSMaFCNI $OMG[I ;I
;@CLG;L KO? IM AL?AIM NCHB;G OG; o=IH=?J\[I >C@?L?H=C;>; ? ?MJ?=_@C=; >IM

>?FCNIM GCFCN;L?M >?PC>I ;I @;NI JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? >? KO? NI>I =C>;>[I ?L;
=IHMC>?L;>IMIF>;>I>;JXNLC;p[11]

?MM; P?L>;>?CL; =OFNOL; >; AO?LL; >?P?

M? MIG;L ; CH@FO^H=C; G;L
=;HN? H; HNCAOC>;>? >? =L?H\;M L?FCACIM;M 1IG?

M? =IGI ?R?GJFI ;CH>;
H; $L]=C; ; MCNO;\[I >? N?H;M IH>? M?AOH>I L?F;NIM IM ;NIM CH>CAHIM HIM
=;GJIM >? <;N;FB; JI>?LC;G M?L ;J?H;>IM =IG ; GILN? #OMN?F >?
IOF;HA?M[12] G?H=CIH; ?G MO; I<L; =;MI >? A?H?L;CM ;N?HC?HM?M KO?
G?MGI PCNILCIMIM @IL;G ?R?=ON;>IM JIL H?AFCA?H=C;L?G HI NL;NI >? M?OM
GILNIM ?G =IG<;N? ;I ;<;H>IHX
FIM HI M_NCI >IM ;=IHN?=CG?HNIM CG
J?>CH>I;MMCGKO?@IMM?G?HN?LL;>IM?GMIFIJXNLCI
#?CNI I ?M<I\I >; HNCAOC>;>? N?G

M? =IGI JLaRCGI G;L=I H?MN?
?MNO>I =IGI CH>C=; ;CH>; )IOL?CLI +?NI[13] ; /?PIFO\[I #L;H=?M; KO?
M;=L;G?HNIO IM JLCH=_JCIM >; DOLCM>C\[I GCFCN;L GI>?LH; ;I L?AOF;G?HN;L ;M
L?F;\d?M ?HNL? I JI>?L GCFCN;L ? I JI>?L =CPCF GXRCG; ;NLC<O_>; ; +;JIF?[I
=IH>?HM; ; CGJILNZH=C; @OH>;G?HN;F >; G;HON?H\[I >; >CM=CJFCH; ? JIL
=IHM?KO^H=C; >? @ILN? CHMNLOG?HNI >? =IHNLIF? >;M NLIJ;M GCFCN;L?M !CTC;
?F? KO? ; o>CM=CJFCH; ] ; JLCG?CL; KO;FC>;>? >I MIF>;>I I P;FIL ] ;J?H;M ; M?
AOH>;p[14]
%X KO? KO?MNCIH;L JIL >?LL;>?CLI M? ;FAOG IONLI @?HbG?HI
BCMNaLC=I CH@FO?H=CIO ? CH@FO?H=C; I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L H; &>;>?
IHN?GJILZH?;
+[I M? JI>? ?H=?LL;L ?MM? =IHN?RNI A?L;F M?G KO? M? ;JIHN? I N?LLIL
CGJIMNI;IJIPIHILN?
;G?LC=;HIH;KO?F?G?>IHBI>?M?N?G<LI>?
CH>; KO? =IMNOG?CL;G?HN? M? ?HR?LAO? N;F ?JCMa>CI JIL ZHAOFI >C
P?LMI >I KO? ;KOC M? JLIJd? m JIL ?HKO;HNI MIG?HN? ; >IONLCH; J?H;F
=IGOG M? JL?I=OJIO ?G ;N?HN;L J;L; I ;N;KO? ;I World Trade Center m ]
JL?=CMI KO? M? JIHNO? OG; N?H>^H=C; >?M?H@L?;>; >? oGCFCN;LCT;\[Ip >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F ?G M? NL;N;H>I >? >?FCNIM JL;NC=;>IM =IHNL; I JLaJLCI "MN;>I
IM KO;CM JIL]G PCNCG;G =C>;>[IM CHI=?HN?M J?FI N?LLILCMGI GOH>C;F
/INOF;>; JIL GOCNIM =IGI o!CL?CNI -?H;F >I CHCGCAIp m >I KO;F NL;N;L?GIM
G;CM ;>C;HN? m N;F N?H>^H=C; ?MNX L?MOFN;H>I ?G OG ?RJ;HMCIHCMGI H[I Ma
>I!CL?CNI-?H;F=IGOG G;MJLCH=CJ;FG?HN?>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L

+[I M? JI>? NI>;PC; J?L>?L I BILCTIHN? >? KO? ?MM? oHIPI !CL?CNI
-?H;F *CFCN;Lp m G?FBIL M?LC; =B;GX
FI >? o!CL?CNI -?H;F GCFCN;LCT;>Ip m
MIG?HN? M? ;MM?G?FB; ;I HIMMI I<D?NI J?F; >?MCAH;\[I OG; P?T KO? I <?G
DOL_>C=I
J?H;FNON?F;>I]>CP?LMI[15]
"G IONL;M J;F;PL;M HI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L NON?F;G
M? ?G FCHB;M
A?L;CM P;FIL?M CHNL_HM?=IM YM ILA;HCT;\d?M GCFCN;L?M N;CM KO;CM ; BC?L;LKOC; ?

; >CM=CJFCH; I o!CL?CNI -?H;F GCFCN;LCT;>Ip NON?F; <?HM DOL_>C=IM >? =OHBI
A?L;F =IG I ?M=IJI JLCH=CJ;F >? =IG<;N? ;I GIPCG?HNI N?LLILCMN; NL;N;>I
=IGIKO?MN[I<]FC=; MOD?CNI JILN;HNI ;JIMNOF;>IMG;CML_AC>IM
;NO;F oGCFCN;LCT;\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;Fp @IC G;ACMNL;FG?HN? ;MMCH
;F;>; JIL F<?LNI 0CFP; #L;H=I KO? ;I JL?@;=C;L I<L; >? CAO;F <LCFB;HNCMGI
>? FC=? C;H=BCHC[16] CHNCNOF; I @?HbG?HI >? o!CL?CNI -?H;F >? N?L=?CL; P?
FI=C>;>?p IHMCAH; KO? I o$IP?LHI OMB =IHMNLOCO JIL >?=L?NI OG MCMN?G;

J;L;F?FI >? =;LXN?L J?H;F ? JLI=?MMO;F J?H;F FCPL? >? KO;FKO?L =IHNLIF? DOL
CM>C=CIH;F ?G L?F;\[I ;I =C>;>[I H[I ;G?LC=;HI ; ; >?N?H\[I M?=L?N; < ;

=LC;\[I >? NLC<OH;CM GCFCN;L?M ?MJ?=C;CM KO? H;>; N^G ?G =IGOG =IG ;
'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ? KO? qM[I FCPL?M J;L; JLI=?>?L ?G M?AL?>I L?N?L JLIP;M >IM
L]OM ? ?GCNCL M?HN?H\;M =;JCN;CM M? >ICM N?L\IM >IM DO_T?M =IH=IL>;L?Gr M?G ;
JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? L?=OLMI ; 1LC<OH;CM *CFCN;L?M 0OJ?LCIL?M IO Y 0OJL?G;
ILN? The New York Times 'OMNC\; >?NOLJ;>; ; AO?LL; ? ; IHMNCNOC\[I CH
O Estado de S. Paulo >?>?>?T?G<LI>? Jp[17]
CH>; ] =?>I J;L; ;P;FC;L M? ; GCFCN;LCT;\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F >; HIL
G;FC>;>? ] ?@C=;T ? H?=?MMXLC; , @;NI ] KO? ; N?H>^H=C; ] ;NO;F ? GOCNI =IG
<;NC>; J?F; >IONLCH; GCHCG;FCMN; FAOHM JIO=IM DX L?ACMNL;L;G MO; JIMC\[I

=IGIF<?LNI0CFP;#L;H=I
"HA;H;
M? ?HNL?N;HNI KO?G >?@?H>? KO? I JLI<F?G; ?G L?F?PI
H[I G?L?=? JL?I=OJ;\[I ?G N?LL;M <L;MCF?CL;M Primo JILKO? DX J;MM;GIM
JIL J?L_I>I M?G?FB;HN? H; ]JI=; ?G KO? IM =LCG?M =IHNL; ; M?AOL;H\;
H;=CIH;F ?L;G ;J?M;L >? H[I M?L?G >?FCNIM GCFCN;L?M ;JL?=C;>IM J?F; 'OMNC\;
*CFCN;L >; 2HC[I FCXM >CA;
M? >? J;MM;A?G I ;LN >; )?C H >?
>? >?T?G<LI >? ;N] BID? JL?P^ ?MM; =IGJ?N^H=C; KO? H[I @IC

L?=?J=CIH;>; J?FI HIPI IL>?H;G?HNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F DX KO? I JLI=?MMI ? I

DOFA;G?HNI >IM >?FCNIM =IHNL; ; M?AOL;H\; H;=CIH;F M[I >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >;
'OMNC\; #?>?L;F HIM N?LGIM >I CH=CMI &3 >I ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I >;
/?Je<FC=; "G M?AOH>I FOA;L ? JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? JILKO? ?MM; HIP; M;HB;
=LCGCH;FCT;>IL; m ? =IHM?KO?HN?G?HN? ;N?HN;>IL; >? >CL?CNIM ? A;L;HNC;M
CH>CPC>O;CM M? H[I =IHNLIF;>; m ;KOC N;G<]G ?H=IHNL; @IG?HNI H[I J?F;
ID?LCT; ;I N?LLIL @OH>;G?HN;FCMN; G;M ?G @;=? >I N?LLIL CGJIMNI J?FI =LCG?
ILA;HCT;>I KO? PCNCG; H[I L;L;G?HN? IM GCFCN;L?M >IM "MN;>IM =IGI PCGIM
L?=?HN?G?HN??G0[I-;OFI
,<PC;G?HN? MOLA? @ILN? N?H>^H=C; >? =LCGCH;FCT;\[I >? =IH>ON;M

;FAOG;M >;M KO;CM ;N] =B?A;G ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L m ;KOC MCG =IGI I
=IHB?=?GIM NL;>C=CIH;FG?HN? <OM=;H>I NON?F;L <?HM ;@?NIM YM CHMNCNOC\d?M
GCFCN;L?M m ;I KO? M? >?HIGCH; oN?LLILCMGI J?H;Fp ?HN?H>C>I =IGI ; P?L
N?HN? F?ACMF;NCP; KO? MI? ;FAOHM F;H\; OG; LIOJ;A?G >? oF?C ?
IL>?GpCHDOMNC@C=;>;J;L;=IHN?L;=LCGCH;FC>;>?[18]
"G @;=? >IM L?@?LC>IM ;JIHN;G?HNIM H;M=? I KO?MNCIH;G?HNI MI<L?
I @ONOLI >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L HI L;MCF OG?HN;LX ?F? M?O ?MJ?=NLI
MI<L?NO>I ?G ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F >C;HN? >IM ;N;KO?M >;M @;=\d?M =LCGCHIM;M
-;L?=?
HIM KO? H[I JICM H; =IHNL;G[I >?MM; N?H>^H=C; H[I HIM JI>?GIM
?MKO?=?L >; ;FN?L;\[I NL;TC>; J?F; )?C H >? >? ;AIMNI >? =ODIM
G?;H>LIM ?MNO>;L?GIM =IG G;CM P;A;L IJILNOH;G?HN? "MM; F?C ?G OG
JLCG?CLI GIG?HNI o>?MGCFCN;LCTIOp IM =LCG?M >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; JL;NC=;
>IM =IHNL; =CPCF A?L;H>I OG; JIF^GC=; ;AO>; H; >IONLCH; ? H; DOLCMJLO>^H
=C; KO? MIG?HN? @IC ;G;CH;>; =IG ;M CHIP;\d?M HI N?RNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F

NL;TC>;M J?F; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H >? >? >?T?G<LI >? [19]
KO? ?G HIMM; PCM[I ;I ;FN?L;L I g I >I ;LN >; )?C *;CIL L?P?LN?O ?MM?
JLI=?MMI JI>?H>I
M? >CT?L KO? ; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F >?PIFP?O ?MM; ?MJ]=C?
>? >?FCNI >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCM ;I LIF >IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M JIL]G
;AIL; DOFA;>IM J?FI 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC =IGI P?L?GIM G;CM ;>C;HN? +?MM?
?JCMa>CI IJ?LIO
M? JIL @IL\; >? ILA;HCMGIM H;=CIH;CM ? CHN?LH;=CIH;CM >?
>CL?CNIM BOG;HIM ; ?R=FOM[I ?G ?MJ?=C;F >I BIGC=_>CI @I=;H>I
M? ?PC>
?HN?G?HN? IM GCFCN;L?M >IM "MN;>IM @L?KO?HN?G?HN? ?HPIFPC>IM ?G

=IH@LIHNIM ;LG;>IM =IG G;LACH;CM H;M I=ILL^H=C;M JIFC=C;CM IGI >CMM?
GIM H; JLCG?CL; ?>C\[I ;CH>; ] GOCNI =?>I J;L; @;T?L OG JLIAHaMNC=I >? ?R
J;HM[I IO >? L?NL;\[I =;<?H>I

HIM I<M?LP;L I GILIMI ? CH=aAHCNI JLI=?MMI
NL;HM@ILG;>IL
1.2. ,!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L<L;MCF?CLIm<L?P??M=IL\I
BCMNaLC=I>;F?ACMF;\[I=;MNL?HM?
, BCMNaLC=I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L <L;MCF?CLI H[I JI>? M?J;L;L
M?
>I KO;>LI A?L;F ;JL?M?HN;>I &GJILN; ;MMCH;F;L ?HNL?N;HNI KO? G;HC@?MN;
G?HN? HIMMI !CL?CNI ;MNL?HM? N?G MO; ILCA?G ?G -ILNOA;F IO ;I G?HIM

H;F?ACMF;\[IJ?H;FJILNOAO?M;
IG ?@?CNI ;M ?G<;L=;\d?M >;
ILI; H[I NLIOR?L;G ;J?H;M BI
G?HM ? I ?MJ_LCNI =IFIHCT;>IL G;M N;G<]G NI>I I ;L=;<IO\I DOL_>C=I >I

3?FBI*OH>I
IGI JIHNI CHC=C;F JILN;HNI >?P?

M? ?HN?H>?L KO? I !CL?CNI FOMCN
;HI MI@L?O CH@FO^H=C; >CL?N; >? MO;M J?=OFC;LC>;>?M BCMNaLC=;M ?MJ?=C;FG?HN?

I>IG_HCILIG;HI?IPCMCAaNC=I
V JIMM_P?F ;@CLG;L =IGI ;MMCH;F; 2HCP;F>I ILL^;[20] KO? I

!CL?CNI JILNOAO^M KO? HI L;MCF o;JILNIOp N?G G;NLCT?M LIG;H;M G;L=;>;M
JIL @ILN? CH@FO^H=C; >I a>CAI 3CMCAaNC=I ? ;CH>; J?KO?HI CH@FORI ILCOH>I
>I>IG_HCIM;LL;=?HI
1I>; ?MM; CH@FO^H=C; =B?AIO ?G Terra Brasilis MI< @ILG; >;M ,L>?
H;\d?M >I /?CHI JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? ;M #CFCJCH;M >?=L?N;>;M ?G 3CAIL
;L;G MI<L?NO>IM?O)CPLI&3 HIL;MCF;N]

JLIJaMCNI >;M ,L>?H;\d?M #CFCJCH;M ?G =ODI )CPLI 3 M? ?H=IH
NL;P;G IM >CMJIMCNCPIM J?H;CM >I /?CHI ?HMCH; I M?GJL? JL?M?HN? #L;H=CM=I

>? MMCM 1IF?>I KO? oL?@F?NC;G I ?MJ_LCNI ?HN[I >IGCH;HN? KO? H[I >CMNCH
AOC; I >CL?CNI >; GIL;F ? >; L?FCAC[Ip[21] *?H=CIH; I M;O>IMI G?MNL? KO? IM
>CMJIMCNCPIM J?H;CM M[I CHC=C;>IM J?F; oJL?PCM[I >? J?H;M J;L; B?L?A?M ?

;JaMN;N;M KO? ;LL?H?A;G IO <F;M@?G;G >? !?OM IO >IM M;HNIM J;L;

@?CNC=?CLIM J;L; IM KO? <?HT?G =[?M ?N=p[22] +[I L;L;G?HN? ; J?H; =;JCN;F
?L; =IGCH;>; =IGI HI =LCG? >? F?M;
G;D?MN;>? "L;G ;M ,L>?H;\d?M #CFCJC
H;M ?G=IH=FOM[I @LONI>?OG!CL?CNI-?H;F>??MM^H=C;G?>C?P;F
AL;H>? KO?MN[I ; M?L M;NCM@?CN; NI>;PC; ] M;<?L M? I !CL?CNI -?H;F
*CFCN;L?MN;P;=IHNC>IHI<IDI>;M,L>?H;\d?M#CFCJCH;M
&HC=C;FG?HN? I !CL?CNI -?H;F >I /?CHI H[I =IHM;AL;P; H_NC>; M?J
;L;\[I ?HNL? !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG ? GCFCN;L B;P?H>I HI o a>CAI >? #?FCJIp
JL?PCMd?M KO? JI>?LC;G M?L =IHMC>?L;>;M JLaRCG;M ; OG !CL?CNI LCGCH;F
;@?NI Y <?FCA?LZH=C; ? A ; >CMJIMC\[I >I 1_NOFI 5 3&& KO? NL;N;P; >IM KO?
o@IA?G >;M LG;>;Mp JL?P?H>I KO? o0? ;FAOG -CFINI *?MNL? IHNL;
*?MNL? *;LCHB?CLI $LOG?N? IG<;L>?CLI 0JCHA;L>?CLI ? KO;FKO?L IONL;

J?MMI; >?MN; MILN? KO? CH>I H;M HIMM;M LG;>;M >?CR;L ; +XI IO +;PCI ?G
KO? @bL IL>?H;>I ? >?FF; M? @bL M?G FC=?H\; >? ;O=NILC>;>? >? HIMMI ;JCN[I
*aL >? N;F LG;>; IO ;JCN[I >I +;PCI ?G KO? ;MMC @bL IL>?H;>I M? >I
=ILJI >; LG;>; M? J;LNCL IL; ; LG;>; PX J;L; =IOM; >? AO?LL; IL; >?
G?L=;>ILC; J;A;LX ?G KO;NLI>I<LI NI>I I KO? NCP?L L?=?<C>I ?G M?O
MIF>Ip[23] "G ?HNL?N;HNI DOHN;G
M? YM ,L>?H;\d?M #CFCJCH;M IM LNC
AIM >? $O?LL; >I IH>? >? )CJJ? KO? PCAIL;L;G HI L;MCF ;N] @CH;F >I M]=OFI
5&5 =IG I MOLACG?HNI >I a>CAI -?H;F >; LG;>; +I =;MI >I "R]L=CNI m
;MMCH;F; 2HCP;F>I ILL^; m IM LNCAIM PCA?L;G ;N] KO;H>I I ?HN[I
*CHCMNLI >? $O?LL; *;L?=B;F %?LG?M /I>LCAO?M >; #IHM?=; IM L?@ILGIO
CHN?CL;G?HN? ;CH>; KO? ; #IL\; 1?LL?MNL? ONCFCT;MM? I
G;>;>?M>?[24]
a>CAI -?H;F >; L
+; CGCH^H=C; >; AO?LL; =IHNL; ; "MJ;HB; 0?<;MNC[I 'IM] >? ;L
P;FBI ? *?FI *;LKO^M >? -IG<;F[25] MIFC=CNIO Y &HAF;N?LL; OG GCFCN;L KO?
JO>?MM? CHMNLOCL ;M NLIJ;M JILNOAO?M;M ?G OG; L??MNLONOL;\[I >? M?O "R]L
=CNI L?=;CH>I ; CH>C=;\[I MI<L? 4CFB?FG )CJJ?

IH>? >?
0=B;OG<IOLA I@C=C;F ;F?G[I ;FCMN;>I H; *;LCHB; &HAF?M; ? JLI@OH>I =IH
B?=?>IL >? LNCFB;LC; KO? @IC ?HN[I =IHPC>;>I J?FI /?C ! 'IM] & >? -IL
NOA;F J;L; ; ?GJL?CN;>;[26] +?MM? =IHN?RNI MOLACL;G HI M]=OFI 53&&& IM

=IHB?=C>IM LNCAIM >? $O?LL; >I IH>? >? )CJJ? IM KO;CM ?G P?L>;>? M[I

@L;AG?HNIM >? OG L?AOF;G?HNI G;CM ;<L;HA?HN? KO? MOLACL; JIL I=;MC[I >;
L?ILA;HCT;\[I ?H=IHNL;H>I
M? IM >CMJIMCNCPIM ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? HIM ;J_NOFIM
? =ODI JLCG?CLI >?FCNI NL;N;P; >? CHMO<IL>CH;\[I BID? ; L?=OM; >?
I<?>C^H=C; >CMJIH>I J;L; KO? M? N?HB; ; ?R;N; G?>C>; >; M?P?LC>;>? >I
>CJFIG; ?G =IG?HNI KO? oKO?FF? KO? L?=OM;L JIL J;F;PL;M IO >CM=OLMIM
I<?>?=?L XM IL>?HM >IM M?OM MOJ?LCIL?M =IH=?LH?HN?M ;I M?LPC\I M?LX =IH
>?GH;>I ; NL;<;FB;L H;M @ILNC@C=;\d?M JIL]G MC M? FB? IJJOT?L M?LPCH>I

M?
>?KO;FKO?L;LG;IO;G?;\; M?LX;L=;<OT;>Ip
"MM; M?P?LC>;>? JI>? M?L HIN;>; ?G >CP?LMIM JIHNIM >IM LNCAIM >?
$O?LL; JIL ?R?GJFI HI =CN;>I ;LN I NL;HM=LCNI JIL 2HCP;F>I ILL^; ?G
M?O JLCGILIMI ?MNO>I m @LONI >?P?
M? L?MM;FN;L >? MO; J;CR[I J?FI !CL?CNI
-?H;F *CFCN;L ? J?F; %CMNaLC; m M?AOH>I I KO;F oNI>I GCFCN;L KO? =IGG?N?L
OG; @L;KO?T; ?M=IH>?H>I
M? IO @OACH>I KO;H>I @bL JL?=CMI =IG<;N?L M?LX
JOHC>I=IG;GILN?p[27]
#IC I a>CAI -?H;F >; LG;>; ?MN;<?F?=C>I ?G MO; P?LM[I @CH;F
J?FI !?=L?NI H >?

=IGI DX PCMNI KO? JbM N?LGI ;IM LNCAIM >?
$O?LL; M?H>I ;JFC=;>I CHC=C;FG?HN? Y LG;>; ? H; M?KO^H=C; ;I "R]L=CNI

+;=CIH;F )?C H >?

? Y #IL\; ]L?; !?=
)?C H >?

, >CJFIG; =CN;>I PCA?O JF?H;G?HN? ;N] KO;H>I I !?=L?NI
)?C H >? >? D;H?CLI NLIOR? ;I =?HXLCI I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;J
FC=;>I YM #IL\;M LG;>;M "MN? PCAILIO ;N] >? >?T?G<LI >? =IG ;
?HNL;>;?GPCAIL>I;NO;F -*
-;L; KO? B;D; M?KO^H=C; FaAC=; ] H?=?MMXLCI L?NLI=?>?L ;N] >?
>?T?G<LI >? KO;H>I ?G OG J?L_I>I ?R=?J=CIH;F >; BCMNaLC; >; H;\[I
<L;MCF?CL; MOLACO I NI &HMNCNO=CIH;F H &
>IN;H>I I -I>?L "R?=ONCPI
=IH=?HNL;>I?GG[IMGCFCN;L?M >?JI>?L?M;GJFIM
"MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? HI g I >I ;LN I >I L?@?LC>I NI &HMNCNO=CIH;F

B;PC; ; JL?PCM[I >? KO? OG; P?T >?=L?N;>I I L?=?MMI >I -I>?L )?ACMF;NCPI
J?FI -L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; J;MM;LC; I -I>?L "R?=ONCPI ; ?R?L=?L ; @OH\[I
F?ACMF;NCP; -IL @IL\; >I NI IGJF?G?HN;L H N;F L?=?MMI @IC ?@?NCP;G?HN?

>?=L?N;>I ; J;LNCL >; G?MG; >;N;

IJ?L;H>I
M? ?HN[I OG;
MCNO;\[I>??R=?\[I JILGOCNIM=IG<;NC>;
"G ;AIMNI >? I $?H?L;F LNBOL >; IMN; ? 0CFP; -L?MC>?HN? >;
/?Je<FC=; MI@L? OG >?LL;G? >?P?H>I M?L MO=?>C>I HIM N?LGIM >I KO? =IH
MCAH;P; ; IHMNCNOC\[I J?FI 3C=?

-L?MC>?HN? -?>LI F?CRI 2G; 'OHN; *CFCN
;L =IGJIMN; JIL CHN?AL;HN?M >;M NL^M #IL\;M LG;>;M ; M;<?L I $?H?L;F
OL]FCI >? )SL; 1;P;L?M I FGCL;HN? OAOMNI %;G;HH /;>?G;E?L $LOH?
Q;F> ? I LCA;>?CLI *XL=CI >? 0IOT; ? *?FFI ?HNL?N;HNI =IHP?H=C>; >? KO?
IMN; ? 0CFP; H[I M? L?=OJ?L;LC; >?=L?NIO ?G >? IONO<LI >? I NI
&HMNCNO=CIH;F H >?=F;L;H>I P;AIM IM =;LAIM >? -L?MC>?HN? ? 3C=?
-L?MC>
?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; ? ;MMOGCH>I ; =B?@C; >I -I>?L "R?=ONCPI ;N] ?HNL?AX
F; ;I
$?H?L;F$;LL;MN;TO*]>C=C
#IC >OL;HN? I AIP?LHI >?MM; 'OHN; KO? ?G >? IONO<LI >?
H;M=?O J?FI !?=L?NI
)?C H I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? ?HNLIO ?G PCA
IL ?G I >? D;H?CLI >? MI<L?PCP?H>I ;N] IM >C;M ;NO;CM =IG JIO=;M
;FN?L;\d?M
IGI M? JI>? >?>OTCL I a>CAI ?G ;JL?\I =IHN]G G;L=; >I J?L
_I>I ?G KO? @IC JLI>OTC>I L;T[I J?F; KO;F GOCNIM CHMNCNONIM @IL;G ;<;H>IH
;>IM H[I;JFC=;>IM J?L>?H>IMO;?@C=X=C;J?F;>?MMO?NO>?

-IL IONLI F;>I I a>CAI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? @LONI >? JLCGILIMI HN?
JLID?NI >I -LI@ &PI !rKOCHI ? >? =OC>;>IMI NL;<;FBI >; IGCMM[I /?PCMIL;
=IGJIMN; ;F]G >I ;ONIL >I HN?JLID?NI J?FIM -LI@M ?HD;GCH *IL;?M
#CFBI ? 'IM] 1?FF?M ;L<IM; @IC CHIP;>IL ?G PXLCIM CHMNCNONIM ?HNL? IM KO;CM
JI>?G M?L =CN;>IM ; N?ILC; >C@?L?H=C;>IL; >I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ? ; CH
;OAOL;\[I >I MCMN?G; PC=;LC;HN? ?G G;N]LC; >? G?>C>;M >? M?AOL;H\; ?G

MO<MNCNOC\[I ;I MCMN?G; >OJFI <CHXLCI HI KO? ; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG
MIG?HN? M? CAO;FIO JIL I=;MC[I >; L?@ILG; >; -;LN? $?L;F >I a>CAI -?H;F
?G L?@ILG; ?MM; NL;TC>; J?F; )?C H >? >? DOFBI >;KO?F? ;HI ?
KO? H[I ;F=;H\IO I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L >? >? MILN? KO? JI>?GIM
@;F;L =IG ; P^HC; >IM LCAILIMIM ?MNO>CIMIM >I !CL?CNI -?H;F ?G o!CL?CNIM
-?H;CM <L;MCF?CLIMp DX KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG ;MMCG ] ?HR?LA;>I

G;DILCN;LC;G?HN? ] CH@ILG;>I J?FI MCMN?G; @CH;FCMN; CGJOFMCIH;>I =IG ;

L?@ILG; ?G =IG?HNI ?HKO;HNI I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? H[I @IC ;@?N;>I
J?F;M CHIP;\d?M >; >]=;>; >? L?JIOM; MI<L? OG; <;M? =;OM;FCMN; H?I=FXM
MC=; >C=INIGC; KO? =IGJL??H>?L?GIM G?FBIL KO;H>I >I ?MNO>I >; N?ILC;
A?L;F>I>?FCNIGCFCN;L
+?MM? <L?P? ?M=IL\I BCMNaLC=I OG IONLI @;NI >?P? M?L =IHMC>?L;>I
H; =IHMNCNOC\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L <L;MCF?CLI KO;F M?D; OG; N?H>^H=C;
CHC=C;F ; L?MNLCHACL I !CL?CNI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? ;IM CHN?AL;HN?M >;M #IL\;M L
G;>;M ?R=FOCH>I IM GCFCN;L?M >I "MN;>I !CN; N?H>^H=C; @IC M?>CG?HN;>;

J?FI 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F HI <IDI >; 0eGOF; >? >? >?T?G<LI
>? ?>CN;>; MI< ]AC>? >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F >? M?AOH>I ; KO;F
o,@C=C;CM ? JL;\;M >;M GCF_=C;M >IM ?MN;>IM HI ?R?L=_=CI >? @OH\[I JIFC=C;F =CPCF
H[I M[I =IHMC>?L;>IM GCFCN;L?M J;L; ?@?CNIM J?H;CM M?H>I =IGJ?N?HN? ;
DOMNC\;=IGOGJ;L;DOFA;LIM=LCG?M=IG?NC>IMJILIO=IHNL;?F?Mp
+IN?
M? KO? J?FI =IHN?e>I >; MeGOF; MOJL;=CN;>; ?L; GOCNI =F;L; ;
FCGCN;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L ;IM GCFCN;L?M >IM "MN;>IM B;P?H>I OG; JL?>CM
JIMC\[I;=IHMC>?LX
FIM=CPCMKO;H>IH;@OH\[I>?JIFC=C;G?HNIIMN?HMCPI
"MM; PCM[I J?LG;H?=?O CHN;=N; =IG ; ?>C\[I >I ;NO;F a>CAI -?H;F
*CFCN;L ?G ;N] KO? ?G =IG ; =B?A;>; >I o-;=IN? >? <LCFp =IH
DOHNI >? ;FN?L;\d?M HILG;NCP;M >? F;PL; >I -L?MC>?HN? "LH?MNI $?CM?F OG;
;FN?L;\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F L?=B;\IO JIL =IGJF?NI ; MeGOF; ? ; PCM[I JIL ?F;
?H=?LL;>;
IG ?@?CNI ; L?>;\[I >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F >? KO? >?FCGCN
IO I =?HXLCI CH;OAOL;F >; 0eGOF; ?G =IG?HNI =IHMCAH;P; HI CH=CMI 5&& >I

;LN KO? ; o'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?MN;>O;F ILA;HCT;>; =IG I<M?LPZH=C; >IM JL?
=?CNIM A?L;CM >; F?C @?>?L;F ;LN I H 53 F?NL; f N?LX =IGI aLA[IM >?
JLCG?CL; CHMNZH=C; IM IHM?FBIM >? 'OMNC\; ? =IGI aLA[I >? M?AOH>; CHMNZH
=C; OG 1LC<OH;F ?MJ?=C;F IO I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\;p H;>; G?H=CIH;H>I

;=?L=;>;=IGJ?N^H=C; @;PIL?=?H>I JICM ;PCM[IL?MNLCNCP;>I01#

IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F >? G?MGI =IG ; "G?H>;
IHMNCNO
=CIH;F H >? >? IONO<LI >? ;I NL;N;L >;M 'OMNC\;M "MN;>O;CM

=IHNCHOIO M?H>I GOCNI ;<L;HA?HN? J;L; I @ILI =;MNL?HM? HI ZG<CNI >IM "MN;
>IM PCMNI KO? ; ;F_H?; d >I g I >I ;LN >CMJOHB; ;J?H;M KO? ; 'OMNC\;
*CFCN;L ?MN;>O;F ?L; =IHMNCNO_>; ?G JLCG?CL; CHMNZH=C; J?FIM IHM?FBIM >?
'OMNC\; ? KO? NCHB;G =IGI aLA[IM >? M?AOH>; CHMNZH=C; I JLaJLCI 1LC<OH;F
>? 'OMNC\; ;CH>; ;LLCG;H>I ; JL?P;F^H=C; >; 0eGOF; >I 01# ,=ILL?
KO? ?G >? ;<LCF >? J?F; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H o-;=IN? >?
<LCF >? p ?MM? >CMJIMCNCPI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F A;HBIO HIP; L?>;\[I ;AIL;
G?H=CIH;H>I KO? ; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?MN;>O;F =IHMNCNO_>; ?G JLCG?CL; CHMNZH
=C; J?FIM IHM?FBIM >? 'OMNC\; ? ?G M?AOH>; J?FI JLaJLCI 1LC<OH;F >?
'OMNC\; JIMMO_; =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L HIM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M
>?@CHC>IM ?G F?C IM CHN?AL;HN?M >;M JIF_=C;M GCFCN;L?M @;T?H>I =IG KO? ;
0eGOF;?GKO?MN[IJ?L>?MM?MO;L;T[I>??RCMN^H=C;
IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F >? G;HN?P? ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;
G?HNI >;M 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M >IM "MN;>IM ?G MO; L?>;\[I ;AIL; HI g I >I
;LN KO? H[I MI@L?O L?MNLC\[I M;FPI HI =LCG? >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; >?
=CPCF =IG I ;>P?HNI >; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H >? >? >?T?G<LI >?
[28] JI>?H>I
M? ;@CLG;L =IG ;<MIFON; =?LN?T; KO? ; 0eGOF; >I
-L?NaLCI "R=?FMI H[I G;CM PCA?[29] ?G<IL; H[I L;L;G?HN? ;FAOHM >?M;PCM
;>IM@;\;GKO?MN[I>?L?MA;NX
F;
, JLaJLCI 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F DX H?AIO ; ;JFC=;\[I >?MM;

0eGOF; +?MM? M?HNC>I vide I Habeas Corpus H *0 DOFA;>I ?G
>? >?T?G<LI >? MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI *;OL_=CI ILL^; +I =;MI
?G ?MJ]=C? ?G OG ALOJI JIFC=C;F GCMNI CHN?AL;>I JIL -IFC=C;CM *CFCN;L?M ?
CPCM >I "MN;>I >I *;NI $LIMMI >I 0OF >?HIGCH;>I !?J;LN;G?HNI >? ,J?L
;\d?M >? #LIHN?CL; !,# I ?HN?H>CG?HNI CHC=C;F >I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI 0OF
G;NIALIMM?HM? @IC HI M?HNC>I >? KO? ; @OH\[I H[I ?L; ;@?CN; Y ;NCPC>;>? >;
-IF_=C; *CFCN;L >? MILN? KO? IM CF_=CNIM J?H;CM JL;NC=;>IM J?FIM GCFCN;L?M H[I
M?LC;G =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M P;FC;>; J?FI 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F HI ?HN
;HNI ; PCM[I @IC L?@ILG;>; @CLG;H>I

M? ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L
"MN;>O;FJILNL;N;L
M?>?=LCG?GCFCN;L3?D;GIM;?G?HN;>I;=aL>[I

oHABEAS
CORPUS
-,)& &)
*&)&1/
,+!21
/") &,+! ,* 12Uk, #2+ &,+) /&*"0 1*V* !"
+12/"7-"+)*&)&1/ ,*-"1t+ &/" ,+%" &!
-IFC=C;F GCFCN;L "RCMN^H=C; >? >?FCNIM NCJC@C=;>IM ;I G?MGI N?GJI
HI - ? HI -* IH>ON;M KO? AO;L>;G L?F;\[I =IG ;M @OH\d?M L?AOF;L?M >I
M?LPC>IL LCG? GCFCN;L CGJLaJLCI IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L J;L; I DOF
A;G?HNI # ;LNCAI
!?J;LN;G?HNI >? ,J?L;\d?M >? #LIHN?CL; >I "MN;>I >? *;NI

$LIMMI >I 0OF -IF_=C; GCMN; *?MGI H;M BCJaN?M?M ?G KO? ?HNL? ;M ;NCPC>
;>?M >I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L ?MN?D;G ;KO?F;M J?LNCH?HN?M ;I JIFC=C;G?HNI =CPCF IM
>?MPCIM >? =IH>ON;M >?=ILL?HN?M >? MO;M ;NLC<OC\d?M ?MJ?=_@C=;M ? ;MMI=C;>;M

Y ;NCPC>;>? GCFCN;L KO? =;L;=N?LCT?G =LCG? J?LJ?NL;>;M =IHNL; =CPCF IO ; IL
>?G ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; =;MNL?HM? =IHMNCNO?G =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ;CH>; KO? I=IL
LC>IM @IL; >I FOA;L MOD?CNI Y ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L -* ;LNCAI I && q=r ?
q?r
+?MM?M =;MIM ; =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L I ;A?HN?
Je<FC=I ] >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "HOH=C;>I >; 0eGOF;01# BX GOCNI N?GJI
MOJ?L;>I
LCG? >? @ILG;\[I >? KO;>LCFB; - ;LNCAI !?FCNI KO? H[I
?H=IHNL; NCJC@C=;\[I =ILL?MJIH>?HN? HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L IGJ?N^H=C;
H?MM;J;LN? >;'OMNC\; IGOG Habeas corpus >?@?LC>I?GJ;LN?p
1;G<]G HI ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F ] JIMM_P?F P?LC@C=;L I ;@;MN;G?HNI >;

0eGOF; >I 01# +I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI
JIL ?R?GJFI vide ; "R=?\[I >? &H=IGJ?N^H=C; LCGCH;F H #?CNI H
; O>CNILC; DOFA;>; ?G

MI< L?F;NILC; >I 'OCT
-*#?LH;H>I-?L?CL;
?F
o/?JON;
M? GCFCN;L ? MOD?CNI Y =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; ;MNL?HM? I
=LCG? NCJC@C=;>I HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? ?G<IL; >?@CHC>I >? CAO;F GI>I
HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG M?D; JL;NC=;>I JIL GCFCN;L ?G M?LPC\I =IHNL; =CPCF ,
?HOH=C;>I >; MeGOF; >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F ?>CN;>I H; PCA^H=C;
>; IHMNCNOC\[I >? @IC MOJ?L;>I J?F; "G?H>;

?J?FI;NO;FIL>?H;G?HNI=IHMNCNO=CIH;Fp

IHMNCNO=CIH;F H >?
1.3. MF?ACMF;\d?MJ?H;CMGCFCN;L?M?GIONLIMJ;_M?M
NO;FG?HN? I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?MNX JL?M?HN? ?G PXLCIM IONLIM
"MN;>IM +;=CIH;CM ?PC>?H=C;>I JIL F?ACMF;\[I ?MJ?=C;F ;J;LN;>; >; F?ACM
F;\[I J?H;F =IGOG =IGI HIM =;MIM >; &NXFC; a>CAI >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >?
-;T ? >? $O?LL; ;G<IM >?

>? -ILNOA;F a>CAI >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN
;L BID? P?C=OF;>I J?F; )?C H >?

&ML;?F )?C >? 'OMNC\; *CF
CN;L >? >; LA?HNCH; a>CAI >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >?

"MJ;HB; a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L NL;TC>I J?F; )?S ,LAXHC=; H >?

>; IFbG<C; a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L NL;TC>I J?F; )?S H >?

=IG ;FN?L;\d?M JLI=?>C>;M J?F; )?S H >?

? >;
#L;H\; a>CAI >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L m !?= H >?

B;P?H>I
;J?H;M ; >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? ;FAOHM KO? N?HN;G M?J;L;L HILG;M J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M
MO<MN;HNCP;M ,* HI =;MI >I L;MCF >? HILG;M J?H;CM ;>D?NCP;M --*
HIL;MCF[30]
&HN?L?MM;HN? HIN;L KO? ; ?RCMN^H=C; >? OG !CL?CNI -?H;F GCFCN;L H[I

CGJILN; H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? H; CHMN;F;\[I >? OG; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L =IGJ?N?HN?
J;L;DOFA;LNI>IMIM=LCG?MGCFCN;L?MJ?LJ?NL;>IM
]FCI )I<[I =CN; =IGI ?R?GJFI ; #L;H\; KO? o?RNCHAOCO ; 'OMNC\;
*CFCN;L ?G M?O N?LLCNaLCI G;M ;ONILCTIO MO; G;HON?H\[I DOHNI YM NLIJ;M ?M
N;=CIH;>;M IO IJ?L;H>I @IL; >I N?LLCNaLCI @L;H=^Mp[31] 0?AOH>I I G?MGI

>IONLCH;>IL L?MOFNIO ; M?AOCHN? L?;FC>;>? o; ?MN[I MOD?CNIM Y DOLCM>C\[I
=IGOG IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M =IG?NC>IM HI N?LLCNaLCI @L;H=^M ? ;KO?F?M
=IG?NC>IM JIL GCFCN;L?M ?MN;=CIH;>IM IO ?G IJ?L;\[I ?G J;_M ?MNL;HA?CLI

IH>? H[I @IC CHMN;F;>I aLA[I >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L < ?MN[I MOD?CNIM Y DOLCM>C\[I
?MJ?=C;F DOLCM>C\[I GCFCN;L IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ? IM =IGOHM >? KO;FKO?L
H;NOL?T; =IG?NC>IM JIL GCFCN;L?M CHN?AL;HN?M >? NLIJ;M ?MN;=CIH;>;M IO ?G
IJ?L;\[I ?G J;_M ?MNL;HA?CLI IO JIL =CPCM KO? H?F;M JL?MN;G M?LPC\I >?M>?

KO? DOHNI ; ?MM;M NLIJ;M @OH=CIH? aLA[I >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L =IH@ ;LNM I
;F_H ; >I a>>?'OMN*CFCN;L@L;H=^Mp[32]
2. DIREITO PENAL MILITAR SUBSTANTIVO E

ADJETIVO
M HILG;M J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M N;CM KO;CM ;M >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG
M[I>CPC>C>;M?GG;N?LC;CMIOMO<MN;HNCP;M?@ILG;CMIO;>D?NCP;M
M JLCG?CL;M =;L;=N?LCT;G
M? J?F; JL?PCM[I =I>C@C=;>; ?G HIMMI
=;MI >I @;NI H;M=?>IOLI >; L?F;\[I DOL_>C=; ?HNL? I "MN;>I KO? >?N]G I jus
puniendi ?I;AL?MMIL>;HILG; I=LCGCHIMI
"G IONL;M J;F;PL;M M[I ;M HILG;M KO? =IHN^G I @;NI N_JC=I IO
=IGI ;@CLGIO 3C=?HTI *;HTCHC oNI>;M ;KO?F;M HILG;M KO? PCLNO;FG?HN? ;N
LC<O?G IO NIFB?G ;I "MN;>I I JI>?L >? JOHCL IO GI>C@C=;L ?MM? JI>?Lp IO

;CH>; ;KO?F;M KO? =IH@?L?G ;IM aLA[IM >I "MN;>I IO ;IM =C>;>[IM I JI>?L >?
>CMJIL>;JL?N?HM[IJOHCNCP;IO>;J?H;[33]
'X HILG;M ;>D?NCP;M M[I ;M KO? L?AOF;G >? GI>I A?L;F I JLI=?MMI
IOM?D; M?OCH_=CI >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI??H=?LL;G?HNI
IHKO;HNI B;D; ; N?H>^H=C; >? ;@CLG;L KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L

MO<MN;HNCPI M? ?H=IHNL; HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;I J;MMI KO? I !CL?CNI -?H
;F *CFCN;L ;>D?NCPI ?H=IHNL; GIL;>; HI a>CAI >? -LI=?MMI -?H;F *CFCN;L

>?P?
M? HIN;L KO? ; =CM[I =IGJILN; CHeG?L;M ?R=?\d?M IGI ?R?GJFI
NIG?
M? ; G?H;A?G CHMNCNONI JL?PCMNI HI ;LN >I --* ; KO;F =IH
@CAOL; P?L>;>?CLI >CL?CNI >I L]O +?MM? M?HNC>I ;FCXM ;MMCH;F; /IH;F>I /INB
KO?;G?H;A?G]oFC<?L>;>?PCH=OF;>;=IGI;FC<?L>;>?JLIPCMaLC;p[34]
>CM=OMM[I J;L; ;FAOHM NI>;PC; N?G J?L>C>I ; L;T[I ?G @;=? >;

;ONIHIGC; >I !CL?CNI -LI=?MMO;F -?H;F KO? DX H[I =IHMNCNOC =IGJF?G?HNI >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F G;M OG; =C^H=C; =IG I<D?NI JLaJLCI HIMMI P?L JIL]G ;

>CMNCH\[I ;CH>; ] eNCF GILG?HN? HI KO? N;HA? Y F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F ?RNL;P;A
;HN? m JIMM_P?F G?MGI ?G M? NL;N;H>I >? !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L m KO? JI>?
=IHN?L CHMNCNONIM G;N?LC;CM ? @ILG;CM M?H>I ; C>?HNC@C=;\[I JLCGIL>C;F JIL
?R?GJFI J;L;;MIFO\[I>?KO?MNd?M;@?N;MYL?NLI;NCPC>;>?>;F?CJ?H;F
3. BEM JURDICO-PENAL
3.1. $?H?L;FC>;>?M
+; >IONLCH; J?H;F JIO=IM M? >?>C=;L;G ;I ?MNO>I IHNIFaAC=I >I
<?G DOL_>C=I MMCH;F?
M? ?HNL?N;HNI KO? I N?G; @IC ?MGCO\;>I HI =?HXLCI
H;=CIH;F JIL ;FAOHM <L;PIM =IGI FC=? C;H=BCHC[35] ? )OCT /?ACM
-L;>I[36]
"G <L?P?M ;JIHN;G?HNIM <OM=;L?GIM MCH;FCT;L IM JIHNIM G;CM CG
JILN;HN?M L?F;=CIH;>IM ;I N?G; J;L; ;JaM CH>C=;L ;FAOG;M J?=OFC;LC>;>?M

>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
JLCH=_JCI BX KO? ?HN?H>?L ; =IH=?J\[I <XMC=; ; =IH=?CNO;\[I

?F?G?HN;L >? <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F +?MM? JLIJaMCNI G;CM OG; P?T ] ;>?KO;>;
; FC\[I >I M;O>IMI #L;H=CM=I >? MMCM 1IF?>I &HC=C; I =;LI JLI@?MMIL ?G OG;
=IH=?CNO;\[I ;GJF; >? <?G KO? JI>? M?L ?HN?H>C>I =IGI oNO>I I KO? M? HIM
;JL?M?HN; =IGI >CAHI eNCF H?=?MMXLCI P;FCIMIp[37] -LIMM?AO? CH>C=;H>I
KO? >?HNL? ; A;G; CG?HM; >? <?HM ;@?NIM ; =;>; CH>CP_>OI oM?F?=CIH; I
>CL?CNI ;KO?F?M KO? L?JON; q>CAHIM >? JLIN?\[Ir ? IM ?LCA? ?G q<?HM DOL_>C
=IMrp[38] "G ;LL?G;N? =B?A;H>I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I

J?H;F ;@CLG; KO? MIC=I ] ;KO?F? KO? ?MN?D; ; ?RCACL OG; JLIN?\[I ?MJ?
=C;F HI ZG<CNI >;M HILG;M >? !CL?CNI -?H;F JIL M? L?P?F;L?G CHMO@C=C?HN?M
?G L?F;\[I ; ?F? ;M A;L;HNC;M I@?L?=C>;M J?FI HIPI IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I ?G
IONL;MXL?;M?RNL;J?H;CMp[39]

IGI M? J?L=?<? I <?G DOL_>C=I MIG?HN? >?P? M?L M?F?=CIH;>I J?FI

!CL?CNI -?H;F >? @ILG; @L;AG?HNXLC; ? MO<MC>CXLC; JILKO;HNI ?MM? L;GI >I
!CL?CNI NL;N; >? OG; CHN?LP?H\[I GOCNI AL;P? >?P?H>I =;L;=N?LCT;L
M? ?G
eFNCGIL?=OLMIultima ratio
V >? HIN;L ;CH>; KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F ?G OG; PCM[I IHNIFaAC=;
H[I ?MNX ;ONILCT;>I ; JLI>OTCL <?HM DOL_>C=IM G;M ;J?H;M =IGI ;=?HNO;
)OCT /?ACM -L;>I[40] ; >?M=I<LC
FIM C>?HNC@C=X
FIM "MM; ;@CLG;\[I NI>;PC;
?HNL; ?G =IF;JMI ;I I<M?LP;LGIM ; L?;FC>;>? PCA?HN? HI =?HXLCI DOL_>C=I
IH>? BX M?G >ePC>; ;FAOG; ; =LC;\[I >? <?HM DOL_>C=I
J?H;CM J?FI !CL?CNI
-?H;F B;P?H>I ; N?H>^H=C; ; OG; J?LCAIM; P?LN?HN? @OH=CIH;FCMN; ?G KO? I
<?G DOL_>C=I A;HB; OG HIPI =IH=?CNI >?MP?H=CFB;H>I
M? >? OG; ?MNLONOL;
JL??RCMN?HN? ?MNLONOL;M FaAC=I

I<D?NCP;M ? @CR;H>I
M? HI L?@IL\I >? PCA^H=C;
>; HILG; DOL_>C=; JI>?H>I ;F=;H\;L KO;FKO?L @ILG; >? ;=IL>I =IG ;
HILG; F;LI KO? ;@;MN;GIM J;L; HIMM; =IHMNLO\[I ; P?LN?HN? @OH=CIH;FCMN;
;FCXM =IGI H?A;L?GIM G;CM ;>C;HN? I JLaJLCI @OH=CIH;FCMGI =IGI MCMN?G;
J;L;;J?H;MJCH\;L;FAOHM>?M?OML;LIMJIMNOF;>IMGCHCG;FCMN;M
#?CNI I >?FCH?;G?HNI en passant >I <?G DOL_>C=I

J?H;F ] H?
=?MMXLCI H;M?KO^H=C; ?HN?H>?L;L;T[I>?M?O?MNO>I
+; >IAGXNC=; J?H;F ; >CM=OMM[I MI<L? I <?G DOL_>C=I JIMMOC ONCFC>
;>? ?G >ICM GIG?HNIM >CMNCHNIM H; M?F?\[I >;KO?F?M <?HM ; M?L?G ?F?P;>IM

Y =;N?AILC; >? <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F ? HI GIG?HNI >; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F
J?FICHN]LJL?N? ;N?H>?H>IYMO; funo teleolgica ou interpretativa[41].
, JLCG?CLI GIG?HNI JLaJLCI J;L; ; =IH>O\[I >; JIF_NC=; =LCGCH;F

?MNX L?F;=CIH;>I Y >?@CHC\[I >? J;>Ld?M L?AL;M ILC?HN;\d?M ?N= ;I F?ACM
F;>IL HI CHMN;HN? ?G KO? ?MNX <OM=;H>I =LCGCH;FCT;L >?N?LGCH;>; =IH>ON;
3CA? H?MM? JIHNI @ILN? N?H>^H=C; GCHCG;FCMN; M?AOH>I ; KO;F I G;F CGJIMNI
J?FI !CL?CNI -?H;F MIG?HN? ?H=IHNL; L;T[I >? ?RCMNCL KO;H>I @IL H?=?MMXLC; ;
CHN?LP?H\[I !CM=ON?G
M? ?G FCHB;M A?L;CM >O;M =IH>C=CIH;HN?M ; ILC?HN;L ;
M?F?\[I KO;CM M?D;G a dignidade penal do bem jurdico e a ofensividade da
conduta[42] IGJF?G?HN;G ; ILC?HN;\[I J;L; ; M?F?\[I >I <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F J;LNC=OF;LG?HN? HI KO? N;HA? Y >CAHC>;>? J?H;F ;M N?ILC;M

=IHMNCNO=CIH;CM KO? A;HB;L;G GOCNI <I; ;=IFBC>; H; >IONLCH; CN;FC;H; M?
AOH>I ;M KO;CM I <?G DOL_>C=I J;L; G?L?=?L NON?F; J?H;F >?P? ?H=IHNL;L
AO;LC>;H;F?C@OH>;G?HN;F>I"MN;>I[43]
!? @ILG; J;L;F?F; JIL]G H[I G?HIM CGJILN;HN? >CM=ON?
M? ; JIM
MC<CFC>;>? >? I CHN]LJL?N? >; F?C J?H;F m DX OFNL;J;MM;>I I GIG?HNI >;

M?F?\[I >I <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F J?FI F?ACMF;>IL m ?HP?L?>;L
M? J?FI =;GJI >?
?MNO>I >I <?G DOL_>C=I

J?H;F ; @CG >? ?HN?H>?L JIL ?R?GJFI KO? OG; =IH
>ON; H[I ] >IN;>; >? F?MCPC>;>? ?RJL?MM; HI NCJI J?H;F ,<PC;G?HN? JIL
oCHN]LJL?N?p >?P?
M? N?L ?G G?HN? N[I Ma ;KO?F? KO? N?G @OH=CIH;FG?HN? I
=IH>[I >? ;@;MN;L ; CHN?LP?H\[I J?H;F I KO? @IA? YM ;NLC<OC\d?M >? KO?G
;J?H;M JL?J;L; IM @;NIM J;L; ; ;JL?=C;\[I >I G;ACMNL;>I ? >I CHN?AL;HN? >I
Parquet IO M?D; ; ;ONILC>;>? >? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC;[44] KO? MIG?HN? JI>?LX

CHAL?MM;L H?MM; ;P;FC;\[I ?G =;MIM H_NC>IM ?G KO? ; I@?HM; NL;TC>; J?F; =IH
>ON;J;MM?GOCNI;IF;LAI>?F?MCIH;LI<?G>;PC>;JLIN?AC>I
"G L?F;\[I ;I =IGJILN;G?HNI >I CHN]LJL?N? ; ;NO;F >IONLCH; N?G
;=?H;>I N;G<]G ?G M?HNC>I GCHCG;FCMN; MMCG ;>GCN? KO? I CHN]LJL?N?
GILG?HN? I DOCT ?HN?H>; OG; =IH>ON; JIL H[I F?MCP; I <;MN;HN? J;L; G?L?
=?L ; CHN?LP?H\[I J?H;F nullum crimen sine iniuria /?MM;FN?

M? KO? DX H[I
M? NL;N; >? M?F?\[I >I <?G DOL_>C=I IO >; =IH>ON; ; ?F? F?MCP; G;M >? ?@?NCP;
;JFC=;\[I>I>CL?CNI
1L;N;
M? >; ?R;FN;\[I CHKO?MNCIHXP?F >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C;
J;LNC=OF;LG?HN? =IGI ;JIHN; FC=? C;H=BCHC H; ;=?J\[I ;FI=;>; HI interior do prprio sistema penal[45].
3.2. ?GDOL_>C=I
J?H;FGCFCN;L
JaM ;M =IHMC>?L;\d?M JLCG?CL;M MI<L? I <?G DOL_>C=I =OGJL?
KO?MNCIH;L M? IM JL?MMOJIMNIM G_HCGIM CH>C=;>IM J;L; ; NON?F; J?H;F
=IGOG ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? HI KO? N;HA? ;I <?G DOL_>C=I J?H;F JI>?G M?L
NL;HMJF;HN;>IMJ;L;I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L

HN?M >? CHAL?MM;L H; >CM=OMM[I @IG?HN;>; J?FI JLI<F?G; ] @OH>;
G?HN;F N?=?L ;FAOG;M <L?P?M =IHMC>?L;\d?M ;=?L=; >? J?=OFC;LC>;>?M H; PC>;

=;MNL?HM?
3XLCIM <?HM H; ;=?J\[I A?H]LC=; ;=CG; >?M=LCN; CHN?L?MM;G ;I

!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L >?MN;=;H>I
M? I<PC;G?HN? ; BC?L;LKOC; ? ; >CM=CJFCH;
BID? ?F?P;>;M ; <?G DOL_>C=I NON?F;>I J?F;
;LN; *;CIL !?MM; @ILG; ;F]G
>; >CM=CJFCH; ? >; BC?L;LKOC; IONLIM <?HM >; PC>; @IL;G ?F?CNIM N;CM =IGI ;
JL?M?LP;\[I>;CHN?ALC>;>?@_MC=; >IJ;NLCGbHCI?N=
-IL IONLI F;>I ] JIMM_P?F ;@CLG;L KO? KO;FKO?L KO? M?D; I <?G
DOL_>C=I ?PC>?HN?G?HN? JLIN?AC>I J?F; HILG; M?GJL? B;P?LX >? @ILG;
>CL?N; IO CH>CL?N; ; NON?F; >; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M[46] I

KO? J?LGCN? ;MM?P?L;L KO? ;I G?HIM ?F; M?GJL? ?MN;LX HI ?M=IJI >? JLI
N?\[I >IM NCJIM J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M F?P;H>I

HIM ; =IH=FOCL KO? ?G ;FAOHM =;MIM
N?L?GIM OG <?G DOL_>C=I =IGJIMNI =IGI I<D?NI >; JLIN?\[I >I >CJFIG;
J?H;F =;MNL?HM? V >CT?L ? A I NCJI J?H;F >I ;LN MI< ; LO<LC=; oBIGC=_
>CIp N?G =IGI I<D?NCPC>;>? DOL_>C=; ?G JLCG?CLI JF;HI ; PC>; BOG;H;

JIL]G H[I M? ;@;MN; >? OG; NON?F; G?>C;N; >; G;HON?H\[I >; L?AOF;LC>;>?
>;MCHMNCNOC\d?MGCFCN;L?M
1;F =IHIN;\[I ;@;MN; ?G PXLCIM =;MIM OG; JIMNOL; MCGJF?MG?HN?
GCHCG;FCMN; @I=;H>I
M?JLCG?CLII<?GDOL_>C=ICG?>C;NI>;HILG;
%X KO? =IHMCAH;L KO? ; C>?HNC@C=;\[I >I <?G NON?F;>I H[I ] @X=CF

JI>?H>I ?G ;FAOHM =;MIM B;P?L ?KO_PI=IM CHN?L?MM;HN?M ?G L;T[I G?MGI
>; NIJIAL;@C; >I NCJI J?H;F =IGI HI =;MI >I >?FCNI =;JCNOF;>I HI ;LN >I
-*[47]
ILLCKO?CL;G?HN? M? =IG?N? ; CGJLIJLC?>;>? m ?M=OMXP?F JICM I

NCJI M? ?H=IHNL; HI =;J_NOFI >IM =LCG?M M?RO;CM m >? ;@CLG;L KO? I a>CAI
-?H;F*CFCN;L=LCGCH;FCTIOIBIGIMM?RO;FCMGI
-LCG?CLI =OGJL? HIN;L KO? H[I Ma I ;NI BIGIMM?RO;F ] =LCGCH;FCT
;>I G;M N;G<]G I B?N?LIMM?RO;F &MMI F?P; Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? I KO? M?
<OM=; NON?F;L >? @;NI ] ; >CM=CJFCH; CHNL;GOLIM JILKO;HNI ] ?F?G?HNI

HILG;NCPI >I NCJI[48] oFOA;L MOD?CNI ; ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;Lp !?MM? GI>I

; I<D?NCPC>;>? DOL_>C=; H[I ] ; FC<?L>;>? M?RO;F >I CH>CP_>OI m MI<L?NO>I M?
M? F?P;L ?G =IHMC>?L;\[I KO? IM MOD?CNIM ;MM?HNCL;G H; JLXNC=; >I ;NI m G;M
; >CM=CJFCH; GCFCN;L KO? M?LX NOL<;>; =IG ; JLIGCM=OC>;>? HI CHN?LCIL >;
=;M?LH; >?M?MN;<CFCT;H>I I L?AOF;L @OH=CIH;G?HNI =INC>C;HI >; OHC>;>? ?G
KO?I@;NII=ILL?O
'X M? >?GIHMNLIO >?MM;LN? KO? I ?MNO>I >I <?G DOL_>C=I J?H;F
GCFCN;L HI KO? N;HA? ;I M?O JLCG?CLI GIG?HNI eNCF m M?F?\[I >? <?HM ; M?L
?G NON?F;>IM ? >? =IH>ON;M F?MCP;M m >C@?L? >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG PCMNI
KO? I F?ACMF;>IL >?P?LX J?HM;L H[I Ma H; F?M[I >;KO?F? KO? M?LC; I <?G
DOL_>C=I
J?H;F ?G JLCG?CL; FCHB; M?H[I N;G<]G ?G OG <?G DOL_>C=I =IH
M?KO?HN?IM;>CI>?M?GJ?HBI>;MGCMMd?M=IH=?LH?HN?MYM@IL\;MGCFCN;L?M
MCNO;\[I H[I ] >C@?L?HN? HI M?AOH>I GIG?HNI =LO=C;F >? ?MNO>I

>I<?GDOL_>C=I ;@?NI;ICHN]LJL?N?>;HILG;
1IG;H>I JIL <;M? ; =IGJF?RC>;>? >I <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F GCFCN;L
=OGJL? ?PC>?H=C;L KO? I CHN]LJL?N? H[I JI>? IO H[I >?P? >?CR;L

M? CH?<LC;L
JIL JIMNOL;M GCHCG;FCMN;M M?G M? ;=;ON?F;L >? L?=IHB?=?L ; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;
CHMNCNOC\[I =IGI OG <?G DOL_>C=I NON?F;>I J?F; HILG; ;CH>; KO? M?D; >?
@ILG;G?>C;N;
"G IONL;M J;F;PL;M H[I M? B;P?LX >? CHPI=;L I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC
@C=ZH=C; NIG;H>I ?G =IHMC>?L;\[I MIG?HN? I <?G JLCG?CLI L;T[I J?F; KO;F

M? NILH; GOCNI G;CM JLO>?HN? @C=;L ;>MNLCNI YKO?F;M MCNO;\d?M J?LGCNC>;M J?F;
JLaJLC; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L =IGI ;M >I g I >I ;LN >I g I >I ;LN
?N= HIM KO;CM ?G<IL; ;J;L?HN?G N?L
M? ;>IN;>I I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH
=C; ? =IGI N;F N^G MC>I >?@?H>C>;M ?G P?L>;>? H[I I M[I DX KO? GOCNI
JLIP;P?FG?HN? I F?ACMF;>IL >? H?G M?KO?L =IHB?=C; IM =IHNILHIM >?MM?
JLCH=_JCI "G ?>C\[I ;HN?LCIL >?MN; I<L; G?H=CIH;GIM ?G HIN; >? LI>;J]
HIN; >; JLCG?CL; ?>C\[I OG =IG?HNXLCI KO? G?L?=? CH=ILJIL;L I N?RNI
JLCH=CJ;F JIMNI KO? F?PIO ;FAOHM ?MNO>CIMIM ; ?KOCPI=;>;G?HN? LINOF;L
HIM
=IGI ;P?MMIM ;I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; HI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L I KO?
H[I =IH>CT =IG HIMM; L?;F PCM[I MI<L? I ;MMOHNI #LCM;GIM KO? I @;NI >? M?

MOMN?HN;L M?L G;CM JLO>?HN? @C=;L ;>MNLCNI ;IM =;MIM JL?PCMNIM ?G F?C H[I MCA
HC@C=; P?>;L JIL =IGJF?NI KO? M? L?=IHB?\; HI =;MI =IH=L?NI MCNO;\[I N;F
?G KO? M?D; L;TIXP?F I ;@;MN;G?HNI JIL =IHPC=\[I GCHCG;FCMN; >; CHN?L
P?H\[I J?H;F GCFCN;L 2G ?R?GJFI ?M=F;L?=?>IL ?MNX H; >?GCMM[I

;>GCHCMNL;NCPI
>CM=CJFCH;L >I NLZHM@OA; ?G KO? ; ;JFC=;\[I >I !CL?CNI >
GCHCMNL;NCPI !CM=CJFCH;L *CFCN;L JI>?LX L?J;L;L I oN?=C>I MI=C;Fp F?MCIH;>I

J?F; CH@L;\[I J?H;F[49] ,ONLI ?R?GJFI CHN?L?MM;HN? M?LC; I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI
>; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; >; F?M[I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I ?G =;MIM >? =LCG?M J;NLCGIHC;CM
IO G?MGI =IHNL; ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L =IGI I =;MI >I J?=OF;NI ?G KO? I
CLLCMaLCI P;FIL >; =ICM; MO<NL;_>; CGJILN; M?G ?G<;LAI ?G OG; H[I F?M[I
;I J;NLCGbHCI HI =LCG? >? @OLNI J ?R <?G =IGI ?G OG; H[I F?M[I G?L?
=?>IL; >? NON?F; J?H;F GCFCN;L =IGI HI =;MI >I J?=OF;NI JIL ?R?GJFI >C
;HN? >? OG GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I KO? P;F?H>I

M? >; @OH\[I KO? >?M?GJ?HB;
MO<NL;C;FAOG;MJIO=;M@IFB;M>?J;J?FMOF@CN?>;L?J;LNC\[IIH>?NL;<;FB;
%X =LCG?M HI ?HN;HNI ?G KO? I @I=I HI <?G DOL_>C=I G?>C;NI H[I

;>GCN? ; P;FIL;\[I HI M?HNC>I >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; ?G L;T[I >; JIN?H=C;F ;FN;
F?MCPC>;>? >; =IH>ON; =IGI HIM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M KO? ;@?N?G ; CH=IFOGC>;>?
Je<FC=; =;MIM ?G KO? ; NON?F; J?H;F >?P? M?L ;HN?=CJ;>; J;L; KO? H?G M?
KO?LM?N;HA?H=C?;F?M[IY=IF?NCPC>;>?
"R?GJFI =F;LI ?MNX HI ;LN >I -* ,<PC;G?HN? KO? @I=;H>I
M? H; KO;HNC>;>? >? ?HNILJ?=?HN? JILN;>I J?FI CH>CP_>OI JI>?L

M?
_; >CT?L
KO? ; KO;HNC>;>? ?G @I=I ] CH?RJL?MMCP; CHMCAHC@C=;HN? IHNO>I ; =;JCNO
F;\[I >I >?FCNI I =IFI=; ?HNL? IM =LCG?M =IHNL; ; CH=IFOGC>;>? Je<FC=;

;@?N;H>I ?G ?MJ?=C;F ; M;e>? Je<FC=; I KO? JIL MC Ma DX ;@;MN;LC; ; =IH
MNLO\[I J?F; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; "MM; =IHMNLO\[I HIN?

M? >?P? MIG;L
M? Y NON?F;
>; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M JLI@OH>;G?HN? ;@?N;>; IO ?G
LCM=I GOCNI ;FNI HIM =;MIM ?G KO? OG GCFCN;L HI CHN?LCIL >I KO;LN?F JIL ?R
?GJFI JILN; MO<MNZH=C; ?HNILJ?=?HN? DX KO? M?O OFN?LCIL =IHMOGI CGJFC=;LX

?G ;FAO]G MI< M?O ?@?CNI JILN;H>I OG; ;LG; >? @IAI >? =IHMC>?LXP?F =;F
C<L? =IH>OTCH>I OG; PC;NOL; ?H@CG NL;T?H>I OG ?HILG? LCM=I Y L?AOF;LC>
;>? >; CHMNCNOC\[I ? Y CH=IFOGC>;>? >;M J?MMI;M "G MOG; >CT?L KO? OG =C
A;LLI >? cannabis sativa J;L; OG GCFCN;L ] CHMCAHC@C=;HN? ] =IGI DX

MOM=CN;>I =IH@OH>CL I I<D?NI >I =LCG? =IG I <?G DOL_>C=I >I NCJI J?H;F
+?MM? M?HNC>I =LCNC=;H>I ; PCM[I >? KO? IM >CMJIMCNCPIM >I -* =IGI I g I
>I ;LN ? I g I >I ;LN M[I G;HC@?MN;\d?M >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC
@C=ZH=C; I "GCH?HN? *CHCMNLI #F;PCI C?LL?H<;=B ?G PINI P?H=C>I HI 0O
J?LCIL1LC<OH;F*CFCN;L ;>OT
o2G; F?CNOL; ;JL?MM;>; >I >CMJIMCNCPI ?G =IG?HNI JI>?LC; =IH
>OTCL Y ?LLbH?; =IH=FOM[I >? KO? I F?ACMF;>IL >? G?MGI ;HN?M >; IH
MNCNOC\[I >? NCHB; =IHM=C^H=C; >I L?;F MCAHC@C=;>I ? >? =IGI >?P?LC; M?L
;JFC=;>I I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; >?HNLI >? OG MCMN?G; >? >CL?CNI J?H;F
@OH>;>IH;>CAHC>;>?>;J?MMI;BOG;H;
"HN?H>CG?HNI?KOCPI=;>I
+[I M? JI>? =IH=?<?L =IGI =ILL?N; ; ;<IL>;A?G KO? I a>CAI -?H
;F *CFCN;L @;T >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; KO? ] NIN;FG?HN? CH=I?L?HN?

=IG I MCMN?G; J?H;F JL?=IHCT;>I J?FI "MN;>I !?GI=LXNC=I >? !CL?CNI CH
MNCNO_>I ; J;LNCL >? "G JLCG?CLI FOA;L I<M?LP;

M? ; N?HN;NCP; >? L?
MNLCHACL ? NILH;L ?MNXNC=; J?F; F?C ; ;JFC=;\[I >? OG JLCH=_JCI >? >CL?CNI J?H
;F KO? JIL @IL\; >I JLaJLCI @OH>;G?HNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >I KO;F >?=ILL? ? ?G
L;T[I >IM JLCH=_JCIM @CFIMa@C=IM KO? >?N?LGCH;L;G ; MO; =LC;\[I @IC =LC;>I
DOMN;G?HN?J;L;@F?RC<CFCT;LI0CMN?G;-?H;F
"G M?AOC>; JILKO? ?G >?=ILL^H=C; >; HINaLC; CH@FO^H=C; KO? I
-IMCNCPCMGI ?R?L=?O HIM DOLCMN;M <L;MCF?CLIM HI M]=OFI J;MM;>I J;L?=? N?L I

F?ACMF;>IL =IH@OH>C>I I <?G DOL_>C=I =IG I I<D?NI >I =LCG? ;I L?>OTCL ;M
BCJaN?M?M >? CH=C>^H=C; YM F?Md?M J;NLCGIHC;CM KO? M? L?>OTCMM?G ; q1/10 do
maior salrio mnimo do pasr
-IL @CG JILKO? I =IH=?CNI >I <?G DOL_>C=I >?HIGCH;>I J;N
LCGbHCI KO? J;L?=? N?L MC>I ;KO?F? ;>IN;>I J?FI F?ACMF;>IL ] OG =IH=?CNI
?MN;N_MNC=I =IH=?<C>I a priori >CP?LMI >IM =IH=?CNIM >? <?HM DOL_>C=IM @IL
GOF;>IM J?FIM =LC;>IL?M >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; KO? N^G FCA;\[I
>CL?N; =IG OG MCMN?G; >? !CL?CNI -?H;F ;<?LNI Y >CHZGC=; MI=C;F KO? M? I=O
J; GOCNI G;CM =IG I =IH=?CNI G;N?LC;F >I >?FCNI KO? =IG ;MJ?=NIM @ILG;CM
>; NCJC=C>;>?p 01* !?=F;L;\[I >? PINI P?H=C>I HI /?=
LCG

-" L?F *CH #F;PCI #FIL?M >;

OHB; C?LL?H<;=B D
"G<IL; I <LCFB;HN? PINI >I *CHCMNLI #F;PCI C?LL?H<;=B M? L?@CL; Y

;JFC=;\[I >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; ; OG =;MI >? J?=OF;NI ; KO? MIGIM
@;PILXP?CM MO;M FC\d?M JI>?G GOCNI <?G M?L NL;MF;>;>;M J;L; ;I =IHNLXLCI
H?A;L ; CH=C>^H=C; >?MM? JLCH=_JCI ?G >?N?LGCH;>IM >?FCNIM KO? ;@?N;G
MI<L?G;H?CL; ; =IF?NCPC>;>? =IGI I =;MI >? JILN? >? MO<MNZH=C; ?HNILJ?
=?HN? DXKO?M??MNX=IH@OH>CH>II<?GDOL_>C=I=IGII<D?NI>I>?FCNI
*;FAL;>I ?MM; PCM[I BX N?H>^H=C; ?G M?HNC>I IJIMNI <OM=;H>I L?
F?A;L ; OG M?AOH>I JF;HI ?MM; NON?F; ?MJ?=_@C=; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F ;MNL?HM?
GIMNL;H>I
M? GOCNI @L?KO?HN? H;M >CM=OMMd?M MI<L? I ;LN >I -* ?G
=IH@FCNI=IG;HIP;o)?C>?!LIA;Mp
, JLaJLCI *CHCMNLI #F;PCI C?LL?H<;=B ?HN?H>? JIMM_P?F MOMN?HN;L I

JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; ?G L?F;\[I ;I =LCG? >I ;LN >I -* =IGI
M?P?LC@C=;HIM?AOCHN?PINI
o3?HBI MOMN?HN;H>I MCMN?G;NC=;G?HN? H?MN; ILN? KO? I JILN? >?
KO;HNC>;>? CHMCAHC@C=;HN? >? G;=IHB; ?MJ?=C;FG?HN? >?MM; MO<MNZH=C; ]
=IH>ON; CH=;J;T >? =;OM;L F?M[I MCAHC@C=;NCP; Y M;e>? Je<FC=; ?HKO;HNI <?G
DOL_>C=I NON?F;>I J?F; HILG; J?H;F CH=LCGCH;>IL; 1;GJIO=I M? P^ ?G NI>IM
IM =;MIM >?ML?MJ?CNI Y BC?L;LKOC; ? >CM=CJFCH; P;FIL?M N[I =;LIM Y JLIN?\[I
>;MI<?L;HC;>I"MN;>I!?GI=LXNC=I>?!CL?CNI
=IH>ON; ] @ILG;FG?HN? N_JC=; M? I<M?LP;>; ;<MNL;N;G?HN? "H
NL?N;HNI HI =;MI =IH=L?NI ; ;ONILC>;>? DO>C=CXLC; ;I I<M?LP;L JIN?H=C;FC>
;>? F?MCP; ;I <?G DOL_>C=I NON?F;>I J?F; HILG; CH=LCGCH;>IL; >?P?

=IHMC>?LX
F;G;N?LC;FG?HN?;N_JC=;
V I KO? ;=IHN?=? =IG I JILN? J;L; =IHMOGI JLaJLCI >? J?KO?H;

KO;HNC>;>? >? G;=IHB; JICM ; JLCH=_JCI I MIF>;>I KO? JILN; KO;HNC>;>? >?
G;=IHB; MO@C=C?HN? ;J?H;M J;L; I M?O =IHMOGI J?MMI;F ? M? H[I I @;T ?G
M?LPC\I HI KO;LN?F H; =;M?LH; HI P?_=OFI HI H;PCI IO H; ;?LIH;P? H[I Jd?
?G LCM=I ; M;e>? Je<FC=; PCMNI KO? MO; =IH>ON; H[I N?G ; JIN?H=C;FC>;>? >?

NILH;L >?J?H>?HN?M IONLIM =IGJ;HB?CLIM M?OM >? @;L>; H[I NL;T?H>I ;_

JL?DO_TI J;L; ; =;M?LH;p 01* !?=F;L;\[I >? PINI P?H=C>I H; J?F;\[I H

!# L?F *CH #F;PCI #FIL?M >; OHB; C?LL?H<;=B D

"G ;LL?G;N? I >IONI *CHCMNLI C?LL?H<;=B =IHNL;LC;H>I CH=FOM
CP? MO; PCM[I ?RJIMN; HI JLCG?CLI PINI P?H=C>I NL;TC>I ; ;JL?=C;\[I >?@F;AL;
KO? I o a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;FCXM ;F<?LA; ?RJL?MM;G?HN? I JLCH=_JCI >; CH
MCAHC@C=ZH=C; ?G =;MIM JIL ?R?GJFI >? F?M[I =ILJIL;F F?P_MMCG; ? @OLNIp

IGI M? P^ ?G JLCG?CLI GIG?HNI /?= LCG
-" I
"GCH?HN? /?F;NIL ?HN?H>?O KO? ;M >CMJIMC\d?M >I -* H[I M[I ?@?NCP;G?HN?
;>I\[I >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; m PCM[I =IG ; KO;F =IH=IL>;GIM JIL
KO;HNI ] <?G JLIPXP?F =IGI >CMM?GIM KO? I F?ACMF;>IL H?G M?KO?L ?G

=IHB?=?MM? ;M L;Td?M ? IM =IHNILHIM >?MM? JLCH=_JCI G;M ;MMCG ?HN?H
>?GIM >? @ILG; ;=C>?HN;F ;M >CMJIMC\d?M @OH=CIH;G =IGI G;HC@?MN;\[I

>?MM? JLCH=_JCI m JIL]G ?G M?AOH>I GIG?HNI ?G PINI G;CM L?=?HN?
J?F;\[I H
!# JIMNOF; ?G M?HNC>I IJIMNI =IHMCA
H;H>I KO? ; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L ?RJL?MM;G?HN? ;>INIO I JLCH=_JCI J;L; I @OLNI
?J;L;;F?M[I=ILJIL;F
J;L >?MM; ;HNCHIGC; J;L?=? =IG ; >?PC>; P^HC; ?KOCPI=;>; ;

PCM[I >? KO? I MCGJF?M JILN? >? G;=IHB; HI KO;LN?F H[I ] >IN;>I >? F?MCPC>
;>? MO@C=C?HN? J;L; G?L?=?L ; L?JL?MM[I J?H;F "G JLCG?CLI JF;HI H[I
?HR?LA;GIM JL?MMOJIMNI FaAC=I J;L; >C@?L?H=C;L ; cannabis sativa
G;=IHB; >? IONL; MO<MNZH=C; ?HNILJ?=?HN? PCMNI KO? IM ?@?CNIM M[I ;HXFI
AIM ? M?G >ePC>; ;FAOG; =IH>C=CIH;>IM YM CH=?LN?T;M >; =IH>C\[I G?HN;F

>I OMOXLCI ?G ?MJ]=C? MMCG M? =IH=IL>XMM?GIM =IG I L;=CI=_HCI J?F; ;J
FC=;\[I >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; H[I ?HN?H>?GIM =IGI ;>?KO;>I ;JFC=;L I JLCH=_
JCI;J?H;MJ;L;;G;=IHB;M?G;JFC=X
FIJ;L;IONL;MMO<MNZH=C;M
>?G;CM OG =CA;LLI >? G;=IHB; ;CH>; KO? H[I ONCFCT;>I HI KO;L
N?F JI>? MCG MCAHC@C=;L OG LCM=I ?G JIN?H=C;F H[I I<PC;G?HN? J?F; JIN?H
=C;FC>;>? >? PC=C;L IONLIM =IF?A;M >? @;L>; KO;H>I ?HN[I ?MN;L_;GIM @I=;H>I
;J?H;M I <?G DOL_>C=I CG?>C;NI ? MCG J?F; >?M;MNLIM; =IHM?KO^H=C; >; ;NO
;\[I >? OG GCFCN;L ?HNILJ?=C>I JIL ?R?GJFI =IG OG @OTCF ;ONIGXNC=I F?P?

#) ?G MO;M G[IM !?MM; @ILG; ;CH>; KO? I =CA;LLI >? G;=IHB; H[I M?D;
=IHMOGC>I >?HNLI >I KO;LN?F G;M ;J?H;M FX AO;L>;>I J;L?=? I<LCA;NaLC; ;
L?JL?MM[I >; ;NCNO>? J?F; ;JFC=;\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L )?P?
M? ;CH>;
?G =IHMC>?L;\[I ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? >;HI G?HN;F J?FI OMI L?CN?L;>I >; MO<
MNZH=C; KO? JI>? @;T?L =IG KO? OG GCFCN;L ;J?H;M OM;H>I ; MO<MNZH=C; @IL;
>; =;M?LH; JIMMO; OG >;HI ?G M?O ?MN;>I JMC=IFaAC=I KO? JI>? L?MOFN;L ?G
OGLCM=I?HILG?J;L;;FAO]GKO?M?D;JLI@CMMCIH;F>;M;LG;M
.O? >CT?L ?HN[I M? ; >LIA; OM;>; @IL; >I KO;LN?F @IL ; G?>C>; >;
=IL;A?G J;L; JIL ?R?GJFI OG JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L KO? PX CH=OLMCIH;L JIL OG
N?LL?HI >IGCH;>I JIL G;LACH;CM -I>?LC; ?F? M;<?H>I >?MM; JIMMC<CFC>;>?
HIM?LPC\IKO?;MMOGCLX =IHMOGCL;>LIA;J;L;;F=;H\;LI>?MN?GIL
FAOHM >CL[I KO? J?F; HIMM; PCM[I H[I ;J?H;M >?HNLI >I KO;LN?F I
JILN? ? I =IHMOGI >? >LIA;M JIL GCFCN;L?M BX >? M?L L?JLCGC>I J?FI !CL?CNI
-?H;F ? >? @;NI ;MMCG J?HM;GIM ,=ILL? KO? ; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L =IH>C=CIHIO
; NCJC=C>;>? >I =LCG? GCFCN;L ; ;FAOG;M MCNO;\d?M KO? H[I JI>?G M?L ;GJFC;
>;M "MM; FaAC=; N?P? I F?ACMF;>IL J?H;F GCFCN;L NIG;H>I JIL <;M? I @;NI >?
KO? ; F?C J?H;F =IGOG N;G<]G L?JLCGCLC; ; =IH>ON; HIM =;MIM =CN;>IM ? JIL
?MM; L;T[I ;<MN?P?
M? >? ;F;LA;L I NCJI J?H;F GCFCN;L >I ;LN ';G;CM JI
>?LC; ?F? J?HM;L ?G KO? ?G KO;M? KO;NLI >]=;>;M >?JICM I OMOXLCI H;
F?CJ?H;F=IGOG M?LC;?HR?LA;>IJILIONLIJLCMG;
KO?MN[I >?HIN;L DX=B?AIOCH=FOMCP?;I-L?NaLCI"R=?FMI
1;G<]G L?=?HN?G?HN? ; 0?AOH>; 1OLG; >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F

#?>?L;F HI Habeas Corpus H
m 0[I -;OFI D

MI< L?
F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI "LIM $L;O ;JFC=IO I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; J;L;
NL;H=;L ;\[I J?H;F =IHNL; OG GCFCN;L J?AI =IG G;=IHB; HI CHN?LCIL >I KO;L
N?F ?HN?H>?H>I JIL MO@C=C?HN?M ;M M;H\d?M >CM=CJFCH;L?M ; ?F? ;JFC=;>;M "MM;

PCM[I L?J?NCO
M? HI DOFA;G?HNI >I Habeas Corpus H m /CI $L;H>? >I
0OF D

MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI ?FMI >? *?FFI CHPI=;H>I
M?
?RJL?MM;G?HN? I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; J?F; KO;HNC>;>? _H@CG;
;JL??H>C>; F?P;H>I;OG;>?M=;L;=N?LCT;\[IG;N?LC;F>;NCJC=C>;>?

+IM =;MIM ?G ?MJ]=C? =IHNL;LC;H>I JIMC\[I DX @CLG;>; ;HN?LCIL
G?HN? HI Habeas Corpus H

m -;L;HX D

I -L?NaLCI
"R=?FMI ;CH>; KO? H[I N?HB; ;<?LNI =;GCHBI CH?KO_PI=I J;L; ; ;JFC=;\[I >;
)?C H >? >? ;AIMNI >? ?G =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M MO<MOGC>IM J?FI
;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L <OM=IO H; ?MM^H=C; >; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F
=IGOG ; >CMNCH\[I >? NL;N;G?HNI ?HNL? I OMOXLCI >? ?HNILJ?=?HN?M ? I NL;@C=
;HN? >?MM;M H?@;MN;M MO<MNZH=C;M L?@ILG;H>I >?=CM[I L?MJ;F>;>; J?FI 0OJ?L
CIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L ?G KO? IM <?HM DOL_>C=IM @I=;>IM ; ;LLCG;L ; =IH
>?H;\[I ?L;G ;F]G>;M;e>?Je<FC=; ;BC?L;LKOC;?;>CM=CJFCH;GCFCN;L
IG ; >?PC>; P^HC; Y ILN? *;CIL >? HIMMI J;_M ; ;FN?L;\[I F?ACM
F;NCP; H[I HIM J;L?=? N?L ;FN?L;>I I =?HXLCI ; JIHNI >? ;@;MN;L ;M L;Td?M ?PC>
?H=C;>;M HI habeas corpus >? HI M?HNC>I >? G;HN?L ;M =IH>?H;\d?M

KO;H>I M? =IHMC>?LIO KO? I oJLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; H[I ;JL?M?HN; OG;
G?NI>IFIAC; JLaJLC; >?CR;H>I >? @ILH?=?L OG =LCN]LCI JIMCNCP;>I HI M?HNC>I
>? >?@CHCL I KO? M?D; CHMCAHC@C=;HN? J;L; I F?ACMF;>ILp <?G =IGI KO? ?G
IONLI ZHAOFI oH[I M? BX >? IFPC>;L KO? I >?FCNI I<D?NI >; CGJ?NL;\[I L?MNIO
JL;NC=;>I H;M >?J?H>^H=C;M >? OG KO;LN?F GCFCN;L JIL OG >? M?OM MIF>;>IM
M?H>I KO? ; L?F?PZH=C; >? MO; @OH\[I J?FI @;NI >? G;H?D;L ;LG;M ? ?RJFIM
CPIM G?HIM ;CH>; FB? J?LGCNCLC; <?H?@C=C;L

M? >I CHDOLC>C=;G?HN? CH@OH>;>I
=LCG? >? <;A;N?F;p ? JIL @CG KO? I oOMI >? ?HNILJ?=?HN? JIL OG MIF>;>I
KO? M? ONCFCT; >? ;LG;M ? ?RJFIMCPIM J;L; NL?CH;G?HNI ?G PCACFZH=C; JI>?
=;OM;L >;HIM CLL?J;LXP?CM ; MC ;IM M?OM =IF?A;M >? @;L>; ? Y JLaJLC; OHC>;>?
IH>? M?LP?p M?H>I KO? ; o=CL=OHMNZH=C; >? M?L G_HCG; ; KO;HNC>;>? >?
>LIA;?GJI>?L>I;=OM;>IH[I?R=FOCILCM=I>?>;HIYPC>;GCFCN;Lp
-IL IONLI <IL>I ; N?H>^H=C; H[I ] OHZHCG? HI 0OJL?GI H[I

PCHA;H>I J;L; ; HIMM; M;NCM@;\[I H; -LCG?CL; 1OLG; >;KO?F; ILN? "G
=;MI N;G<]G L?=?HN? ?MM; 1OLG; =IHMCAHIO PCM[I >?MNI;HN? >; 0?AOH>;
1OLG; I KO? @C=IO ?PC>?HN? H;M J;F;PL;M >; *CHCMNL; ;LG?H )e=C; HNOH?M
/I=B; ?G M?>? >I Habeas Corpus H m /CI >? ';H?CLI D

KO? ;@CLGIO KO? N?G MC>I GOCNI LCAILIM; KO;HNI ;I CHMNCNONI >;
CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; >I >?FCNI ?G M? NL;N;H>I >? ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L H[I JI
>?H>I JILN;HNI ;JFC=;L I JL?=?>?HN? >; ILN? L?@?LCH>I

M? ;I DX

G?H=CIH;>I Habeas Corpus H JILKO? I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C;

H[I ] MCAHC@C=;\[I >I GIHN;HN? H?G >? P;FIL?M G;M >I I<D?NI NON?F;>I J?FI
!CL?CNI -?H;F GCFCN;L MMCG H?MM? DOFA;>I =B?AIO
M? @CH;FG?HN? Y =IH
=FOM[I >? KO? ; ?RCMN^H=C; >? >?=CM[I HI 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F HI M?HNC>I JL?
N?H>C>I J?F; &GJ?NL;HN? oCH=FOMCP? ;>GCNCH>I ; CH=C>^H=C; >I JLCH=_JCI >;

CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; Y DOMNC\; =;MNL?HM? q; >?MJ?CNI >I JLCH=_JCI >; ?MJ?=C;FC>;>? ?
?G =IHMC>?L;\[I ;I JLCH=_JCI G;CIL >; >CAHC>;>? BOG;H;r Habeas Corpus
H /?F *CHCMNLI "LIM $L;O !' H[I ] <;MN;HN? ; >?GIH
MNL;L =IGI F?A_NCG; MO; JL?N?HM[Ip JLIMM?AOCH>I ;I ;@CLG;L KO? H;M o=CL
=OHMNZH=C;M >I =;MI I @;NI H[I ] J?H;FG?HN? CLL?F?P;HN? JICM ; >LIA;

;JL??H>C>; ;F]G >? N?L MC>I ?H=IG?H>;>; JIL IONL; J?MMI; M?LC; MO@C=C?HN?
J;L; I =IHMOGI >? >O;M J?MMI;M I KO? =IH@CAOL;LC; GCHCG;G?HN? ;
J?LC=OFIMC>;>? MI=C;F >; ;\[I >I -;=C?HN?p -IL @CG ;MM?HNIO KO? ; oDOLCMJLO
>^H=C; JL?>IGCH;HN? >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F ] HI M?HNC>I >? L?P?L?H
=C;L ; ?MJ?=C;FC>;>? >; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F GCFCN;L ? >; DOMNC\; =;MNL?HM? M?G ;
MO<GCMM[I Y F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG >I =LCG? GCFCN;L >?PC>;G?HN? =;L;=N?L
CT;>Ip CH>?@?LCH>I ?G=IHM?KO^H=C; IJ?>C>I

H[I OHC=C>;>? HI ?HN?H>CG?HNI >?MM; KO?MN[I ;>PCLN;
M? =B?AIO
; OG IONLI =;MI J?L;HN? I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F >?MN; P?T MI< ; L?F;NIL
C; >; *CHCMNL; "FF?H $L;=C? % " M?H>I MO<G?NC>I I =;MI ;I

JF?HI>I-L?NaLCI"R=?FMI
"HKO;HNI ;CH>; H[I ?MN;P; >?=C>C>I ?MM? L?G]>CI ;M >?=CMd?M =IH
NCHO;L;G M?H>I NIG;>;M >? @ILG; =IH@FCN;HN? J?F;M 1OLG;M JIL ?R?GJFI
HI =;MI >I Habeas Corpus H /0 L?F *CH ?FMI >? *?FFI D

? >I Habeas Corpus H *$ L?F *CH ?FMI >? *?FFI D

?G KO? ; 0?AOH>; 1OLG; ?HN?H>?O >?@?LCH>I IM >ICM L?G]>CIM
JIL ;JFC=;\[I >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; KO? ?HKO;HNI H[I =IH=FO_>I I
DOFA;G?HNI >I Habeas Corpus H " >?P?LC; M?L JL?M?LP;>; ; DOLCM
JLO>^H=C; @CLG;>; J?F; 1OLG; HI M?HNC>I >? CH=C>CL I ;FO>C>I JIMNOF;>I H;M
BCJaN?M?MM?G?FB;HN?MYMMCNO;\d?M;H;FCM;>;M
"HNL?N;HNI OG IONLI =;MI MO<G?NC>I ;I -F?HI >I 0OJL?GI

1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F @IC L?=?HN?G?HN? DOFA;>I 1L;N;
M? >I Habeas Corpus H

!# DOFA;>I ?G >? IONO<LI >? =IG L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI

SL?M LCNNI ?G KO? JIL PINIM =IHNL; >?H?AIO
M? ; IL>?G >? habeas
corpus M?AOCH>I
M? ; ;LAOG?HN;\[I >I L?F;NIL KO? ?G MOG; GOCNI ;=?LN;
>;G?HN? >?=F;LIO KO? I oOMI >? >LIA;M ? I >?P?L GCFCN;L M[I =IGI XAO; ?
aF?I H[I M? GCMNOL;Gp ;=L?M=?HN;H>I KO? oJIL >CM=L?NI KO? M?D; I =IH=L?NI
?@?CNI JMC=I@_MC=I >; >LIA; H?MM; IO H;KO?F; L?F;\[I NCJC=;G?HN? GCFCN;L ;
>CMJIMC\[I J?MMI;F ?G MC J;L; G;HN?L I P_=CI CGJFC=; CH;@;MNXP?F J?=B; >?
L?JLIP;<CFC>;>? =_PC=I JLI@CMMCIH;F M?H[I JIL ;@?N;L N?G?L;LC;G?HN? ; M;e>?
>I JLaJLCI OMOXLCI G;M J?FI M?O ?@?CNI HI GIL;F >; =ILJIL;\[I H; ;ONI?M
NCG; >; =ILJIL;\[I ? HI JLaJLCI =IH=?CNI MI=C;F >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M KO? M[I
CHMNCNOC\d?M PIFN;>;M ?HNL? IONLIM ?RJF_=CNIM @CHM J;L; ; A;L;HNC; >; IL>?G
>?GI=LXNC=;p ,<M?LPIO ;CH>; I L?F;NIL KO? I oJLI<F?G; ;KOC H[I ] >? KO;H
NC>;>? ? H?G G?MGI >I NCJI >? ?HNILJ?=?HN? KO? M? =IHM?AOCO ;JL??H>?Lp
G;M >? oKO;FC>;>? >; L?F;\[I DOL_>C=; ?HNL? I J;LNC=OF;LCT;>I JILN;>IL >;
MO<MNZH=C; ?HNILJ?=?HN? ? ; CHMNCNOC\[I =;MNL?HM? >? KO? ?F? @;TC; J;LN?p
*;CM ;CH>; >?MN;=IO KO? ; KO?MN[I NL;N; MI<L? o<?HM ? P;FIL?M DOL_>C=IM CH
MOM=?N_P?CM >? L?F;NCPCT;\[I ?G MO; =;LA; >? JLIN?\[I CH>CPC>O;F ? =IH=IGCN
;HN?G?HN?MI=C?NXLC;p
#CH;FG?HN? ?G >? HIP?G<LI >? I -F?HXLCI >I 0OJL?GI

1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F L?;@CLGIO M?O ?HN?H>CG?HNI HI Habeas Corpus H
!# HI DOFA;G?HNI >?@CHCNCPI >I Habeas Corpus H "
?HN?H>?H>I
M? G;CM OG; P?T KO? ; JIMM? >? L?>OTC>; KO;HNC>;>? >? MO<
MNZH=C; ?HNILJ?=?HN? JIL GCFCN;L ?G OHC>;>? MI< ;>GCHCMNL;\[I =;MNL?HM?

H[I J?LGCN? ; ;JFC=;\[I >I =B;G;>I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; J?H;F ,M
*CHCMNLIM ?HN?H>?L;G JIL G;CILC; >? PINIM KO? M?LC; CH;JFC=XP?F ; N?M? >;
CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; HI ZG<CNI >;M L?F;\d?M GCFCN;L?M ? ;CH>; KO? ; F?ACMF;\[I ?M
J?=C;F m I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L m JL?P;F?=? MI<L? ; F?C =IGOG ; HIP; )?C >?
1aRC=IM )?C H =IG ;LLCGI H; JL?GCMM; >? KO? ;M L?F;\d?M
GCFCN;L?MM[I>IGCH;>;MJ?F;>CM=CJFCH;?BC?L;LKOC;
3.3. L?AOF;LC>;>?>;MCHMNCNOC\d?MGCFCN;L?M

'X M;<?GIM KO? ; M?F?\[I >I <?G DOL_>C=I >?P? ?G<IL; >? @ILG;
;GJF; M?L =;F=;>; H; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F &H=ILJIL;GIM ;CH>; ; HI\[I >?
KO? ; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M @IL\;M GCFCN;L?M M?GJL? M?LX I<D?NI >? JLIN?\[I >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L G?MGI KO? ?G ;FAOHM B;D; ; JLIN?\[I CH>CL?N;
OGJL? ;AIL; N?HN;L >?FCH?;L I KO? M? ?HN?H>? JIL L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M CH
MNCNOC\d?MGCFCN;L?M
JIHN; /?ACM -L;>I KO? o; HI\[I >? <?G m >I F;NCG bonum m ]
GOFN_GI>; JL?M?HN;
M? prima facie =IGI OG JLI<F?G; PI=;<OF;L ?
@CFIMa@C=I -I>? M?L ?MNO>;>; =IGI OG N?LGI ?RJL?MM[I OG =IH=?CNI IO
OG; ?HNC>;>?p[50] !I ?RJIMNI >?HIN;
M? KO? H[I M? JI>? =IGJL??H>?L I
<?G ? JIL =IHM?KO^H=C; I <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F =IGI ;FAI M?GJL? =IH=L?NI
J;FJXP?F G;N?LC;FG?HN?C>?HNC@C=XP?F
>C;HN? ;@CLG; I CHMCAH? ;ONIL KO? o; HI\[I >? <?G DOL_>C=I CG
JFC=; ; L?;FCT;\[I >? OG DO_TI JIMCNCPI >? P;FIL ;=?L=; >? >?N?LGCH;>I I<D?NI
IO situao social ? >? MO; L?F?PZH=C; J;L; I >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI >I M?L BO
G;HIp[51]
-?L=?<;
M? >?MM;LN? KO? OG; MCNO;\[I MI=C;F @;PILXP?F Y =I?M[I >I
=ILJI MI=C;F JIMMOC L?F?PZH=C; >CAH; >? =IGJILN;L ?G MO; aL<CN; ?F?G?HNIM
=LO=C;CMKO?>?P?GJIMMOCLNON?F;?MJ?=C;F ?HN?H>;
M? NON?F;J?H;F
0IG?
M? ; ?MM? =IH=?CNI ; HI\[I >? KO? I "MN;>I GI>?LH;G?HN?
o>?CRIO >? M?L @ILG;F H?ONLI ? CH>CPC>O;FCMN; J;L; NILH;L

M? OG "MN;>I >?
!CL?CNI G;N?LC;F ?HKO;HNI ;>IN; OG; F?A;FC>;>? >?GI=LXNC=; ? JL?N?H>? ;
DOMNC\; G;N?LC;Fp[52] I KO? MCAHC@C=; >CT?L KO? I "MN;>I @C=\[I DOL_>C=; =LC
;>; J;L; JLIP?L I <?G =IGOG H[I JI>? FCGCN;L

M? ; H[I NOL<;L ;M FC<?L
>;>?M Je<FC=;M G;M >?P? M?L JLa

;NCPI ?G ;MM?AOLX
F;M ?G @;=? >? NI>; ?
KO;FKO?L NOL<;\[I CHDOMN; ILCOH>; >IM >?G;CM =C>;>[IM IO >I JLaJLCI

"MN;>I JILM?OM;A?HN?M
+?MM? =IHN?RNI ] JL?=CMI N;G<]G N?L ?G PCMN; KO? ;M CHMNCNOC\d?M
GCFCN;L?M ;M #IL\;M LG;>;M ;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M ? IM ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM
*CFCN;L?M N^G GCMMd?M >? MOG; CGJILNZH=C; H; JL?M?LP;\[I >;M FC<?L>;>?M
Je<FC=;M JILKO;HNI ; ?F;M =;<?G ; >?@?M; >; -XNLC; ; A;L;HNC; >IM JI>?L?M

=IHMNCNO=CIH;CM >; F?C ? >; IL>?G[53] I JIFC=C;G?HNI IMN?HMCPI JL?P?HNCPI

; JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=; ? ;M ;NCPC>;>?M >? >?@?M; =CPCF[54] V CH;>
GCMM_P?F KO? I L?MJIHMXP?F J?F; JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=; m >? =ODIM ?F?
G?HNIM MI<L?MM;C ; M?AOL;H\; Je<FC=; m JIL ?R?GJFI M?D; I ?F?G?HNI >?M;L
GIHCT;>IL >?MM; NL;HKOCFC>;>? J?F; J?LJ?NL;\[I >? OG =LCG? ;CH>; G;CM

KO;H>II@;THI?R?L=_=CI>?M?OHI<L?GCMN?L
!?MM; @ILG; I L?AOF;L >?M?GJ?HBI >;M GCMMd?M ;NLC<O_>;M YM
@IL\;M GCFCN;L?M ] CH?KOCPI=;G?HN? situao social KO? >?G;H>; ?MJ?=C;F
=OC>;>I G?L?=?H>I CH=FOMCP? NON?F; J?H;F >CL?N; IO JIL <?HM DOL_>C=I
J?H;CM IONLIM =OD; NOL<;\[I JI>?LC; CGJILN;L ?G >?@C=C^H=C; H; =IHM?=O\[I

>IMI<D?NCPIMG;CIL?M
j AOCM; >? ?R?GJFI I >?ML?MJ?CNI ; OG MOJ?LCIL ?G<IL; M?D; MCNO
;\[I KO? N?HB; J?LNCH^H=C; =IG ; >CM=CJFCH; CHN?LH; >;M @IL\;M GCFCN;L?M CG
JILN; ?G >?M?MN;<CFCT;\[I >; L?AOF;LC>;>? >I >?M?GJ?HBI >; GCMM[I =IH
MNCNO=CIH;F PCMNI KO? ; ;OM^H=C; >? NON?F; JI>?LC; F?P;L ; OG; CH>CM=CJFCH;
A?H?L;FCT;>;>;@IL\;
!I G?MGI GI>I OG; F?M[I =ILJIL;F JL;NC=;>; JIL JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L
?G M?LPC\I G?MGI KO? N?HB; JIL I<D?NI F?MCIH;>I JLCG?CL;G?HN? ; CHN?A
LC>;>? @_MC=; >I MOD?CNI J;MMCPI >; ;\[I L?JL?M?HN;LX ;@LIHN; Y L?AOF;LC>;>?
>; JLaJLC; CHMNCNOC\[I JILKO;HNI =IGI "MN;>I KO? =IGJd? H[I JI>?LC;
NOL<;LCHDOMN;G?HN?OG>CL?CNI@OH>;G?HN;F M?H[IJLIN?A^
FI
-IL @CG CHN?L?MM; HIN;L KO? ; =IHMNLO\[I ;=CG; ?RJIMN; JI>? ;IM
IFBIM >I >?M;PCM;>I =IHMO<MN;H=C;L P?LN?HN? CH>?M?DXP?F >? ?RJ;HM[I >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F G;M ?G P?L>;>? ;FCHB;
M? ; OG; JIF_NC=; G?HIM CHN?LP?H
=CIHCMN; JICM <OM=; NON?F;L I JF?HI ?R?L=_=CI >IM >CL?CNIM @OH>;G?HN;CM J?F;
FB;H;?H?=?MMXLC;L?AOF;LC>;>?>;MCHMNCNOC\d?M
V JIMM_P?F KO? ;FAOHM ?HN?H>;G JIMM; ; KO?MN[I M?L ?HR?LA;>; JIL

ZHAOFI >CP?LMI IO M?D; >I MOD?CNI MI<L? KO?G L?=;C I LCAIL >; HILG; J?H;F
I KO;F JI>?LC; MCG =IGI =C>;>[I CHPI=;L IM JLCH=_JCIM GCHCG;FCMN;M J;L;
;@OA?HN;L ; M;H\[I J?H;F KO?MN[I NI>;PC; H[I G?L?=? AO;LC>; OG; P?T
KO? ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? HI =;MI >IM ;A?HN?M Je<FC=IM GCFCN;L?M BX OG bHOM ;

M?L MOJILN;>I ?G L;T[I >; @OH\[I +?MM? M?HNC>I =IGI P?L?GIM ;N] G?MGI
;;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?M?;=?HNO;[55]
IG ?@?CNI ;M =IHMC>?L;\d?M ;>OTC>;M J?L>?G ;J;L?HN?G?HN?

@IL\; M? M? I<M?LP;L =IGI MOD?CNI ;NCPI >I =LCG? OG =CPCF HIN;>;G?HN? H[I
CHN?AL;HN? >IM KO;>LIM >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M ? JIL CMMI G?MGI H;>;
=IGJLIG?NC>I=IGMO;L?AOF;LC>;>?
"G P?L>;>? ; L?AOF;LC>;>? H[I JI>? ;J?H;M M?L PCH=OF;>; Y =IH
>C\[I >I ;A?HN? G;M >?P? ;CH>; ;N?H>?L ; OG =LCN]LCI I<D?NCPI

HILG;NCPI
M?AOH>I I KO;F >?P? B;P?L I =IHM?HMI A?L;F ; ;P;FC;\[I >? KO? ;M @IL\;M GCF
CN;L?M M[I CHPCIFXP?CM MOLACH>I JICM ; =IH@C;<CFC>;>? HI >?M?GJ?HBI >?

MO;MGCMMd?MPIFN;
M?YL?AOF;LC>;>?
"G =IH=FOM[I ] =ILL?NI ;@CLG;L KO? ; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M =ILJIL;\d?M

GCFCN;L?M M?GJL? ?MN;LX HI ZG<CNI >? JLIN?\[I >IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M IL; >?
@ILG; =F;L; IL; >? @ILG; P?F;>; =IGI oJ;HI >? @OH>Ip "MM; L?AOF;LC>;>?
JIL MO; P?T JI>? M?L ?HN?H>C>; =IGI ; =IH>C\[I H?=?MMXLC; N;HNI CHN?LH;
=IGI ?RN?LH;G?HN? J;L; KO? >?N?LGCH;>; CHMNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L JIMM; =OGJLCL
M?O ?M=IJI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F H[I NOL<;H>I IM >CL?CNIM @OH>;G?HN;CM ?R=?NI
KO;H>I;F?C;MMCGJ?LGCNCL
4. CARTER ESPECIAL DO DIREITO PENAL

MILITAR
?MJ?=C;FC>;>? >I !CL?CNI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? NL;>C=CIH;FG?HN?
?PC>?H=C;
M? J?FI aLA[I ?MJ?=C;F KO? I ;JFC=; ;M 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M +?MM;
FCHB; >?MJIHN; *CL;<?N? ;@CLG;H>I KO? ; >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? !CL?CNI -?H;F

=IGOG ? !CL?CNI -?H;F ?MJ?=C;F oMa JI>? M?L ;MMCH;F;>; N?H>I ?G PCMN; I aL
A[I?H=;LL?A;>I>?;JFC=;LI!CL?CNII<D?NCPI=IGOGIO?MJ?=C;Fp[56]
?MJ?=C;FC>;>? ius singulari KO? H[I M? =IH@OH>? =IG ?R=?J
=CIH;FC>;>? privilegium JIL ?MM? =LCN]LCI ;>PCLC; >;M HILG;M

=IHMNCNO=CIH;CM ;LNM ? g >; # KO? >?@CH?G ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >;

'OMNC\;*CFCN;L
I
/?=?HN?G?HN? JIL]G ; =FXMMC=; ;<IL>;A?G P?G MI@L?H>I >OL;M

=L_NC=;M H[IM?GOG@OH>I>?L;T[I >?P?
M?;MMCH;F;L
]FCI )I<[I ;JLIP?CN;H>I IM JIMNOF;>IM >?HNL? IONLIM >? /IG?O
>? ;GJIM ;LLIM ?HN?H>? KO? o=F;MMC@C=;L I !CL?CNI -?H;F ?MJ?=C;F ?G @OH
\[I >I aLA[I DO>C=CXLCI ?H=;LL?A;>I >? ;JFC=;L I >CL?CNI I<D?NCPI >?GIHMNL;
?PC>?HN? =IH@OM[I ?HNL? !CL?CNI -?H;F ?MJ?=C;F ? !CL?CNI -LI=?MMO;F -?H;F ?M
J?=C;Fp MM?P?L; ;CH>; ;JaM HINXP?F ;LAOG?HN;\[I KO? oI !CL?CNI -?H;F

*CFCN;L ] ?MJ?=C;F ?G L;T[I >I <?G DOL_>C=I NON?F;>I CMNI ] ;M CHMNCNOC\d?M
GCFCN;L?M HI ;MJ?=NI J;LNC=OF;L >; >CM=CJFCH; >; BC?L;LKOC; >I M?LPC\I ? >I
>?P?L GCFCN;L ;=L?M=C>I >; =IH>C\[I >? GCFCN;L >IM MOD?CNIM >I >?FCNIp[57] "
=IH=FOC ;>C;HN? =IG <;M? H?MM; JL?GCMM; KO? ;J?H;M IM =LCG?M JLIJLC;
G?HN? GCFCN;L?M[58] G?L?=?G I N_NOFI >? >?FCNIM >? !CL?CNI -?H;F ?MJ?=C;F
M?H>I IM =LCG?M CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M =IG?NC>IM JIL GCFCN;L?M IO JIL
=CPCM >?FCNIM =IGOHM =OD; =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI @IC ;NLC<O_>; YM
'OMNC\;M*CFCN;L?MJ?FIF?ACMF;>ILIL>CHXLCI
MMCG H;M FC\d?M >I =;LI G?MNL? IM =LCG?M >? BIGC=_>CI ;LN
>I -* F?M[I =ILJIL;F ;LN >I -* ?N= H[I @;LC;G J;LN? >I !CL?CNI
-?H;F ?MJ?=C;F G;M >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG ;CH>; KO? ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DO
FA;G?HNI>?MM?M>?FCNIMM?D;>;'OMNC\; ;MNL?HM?
0?G ?G<;LAI ;MM?HNCGIM H; JL?GCMM; ?RJIMN; J?FI JLI@?MMIL KO;F

M?D; ; >? KO? ; ?MJ?=C;FC>;>? >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L >?=ILL? >I =;LXN?L sui
generis >I <?G DOL_>C=I JIL ?F? NON?F;>I "HNL?N;HNI J;L?=?
HIM ?KOCPI=;>I
I ?HN?H>CG?HNI >? KO? MIG?HN? IM =LCG?M JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M JIMMO?G
?MM; ?MJ?=C;FC>;>? DOMN;G?HN? ?G L;T[I >; ;<IL>;A?G @?CN; ;=?L=; >I <?G
DOL_>C=I
J?H;FGCFCN;L
"G IONLIM N?LGIM G?MGI KO? ?G OG BIGC=_>CI JL;NC=;>I JIL GCF
CN;L =IHNL; GCFCN;L B;D; ; PCIF;\[I JLCG?CL; >; PC>; BX CAO;FG?HN? OG; NON?F;
?MJ?=_@C=; >; CHMNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L =;L;=N?LCT;>; J?F; L?AOF;LC>;>? >I >?M?G
J?HBI>?MO;MGCMMd?M

1IG?
M? ? A ; >?MNLOC\[I >? OG; ;?LIH;P? BIMNCF HIM N?LGIM >I g
I >I ;LN >I a>CAI L;MCF?CLI >? ?LIHXONC=; ? CG;ACH?
M? =IHN;H>I
=IG ; @?LNCFC>;>? >I J?HM;G?HNI M?L ?F; NLCJOF;>; JIL GCFCN;L?M @?>?L;CM 1;F
;\[I GCFCN;L =IHMNCNOCLX OG MCGJF?M @;NI N_JC=I >? BIGC=_>CI M?G H;>; >? ?M
J?=C;F IO ?@?NCPI ;<;N? ; M?L ;JL?=C;>I ?G NI>;M ;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M[59] JIL

OGaLA[I?MJ?=C;FKO?N?LXN;G<]GOG;=IGJL??HM[I?MJ?=C;F>I@;NI
%X =;MIM G;CM ALCN;HN?M >? =LCG?M CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M ?G
KO? ; ?MJ?=C;FC>;>? J?F; NON?F; >; L?AOF;LC>;>? >; CHMNCNOC\[I ] CH?KO_PI=;
=IGI I =;MI >I >?FCNI >? PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; M?HNCH?F; ;LN >I -* CH>;
KO? JIMM; M?L J?LJ?NL;>I JIL KO;FKO?L J?MMI; I NCJI J?H;F PCM; Y CHN?ALC>;>?
>; CHMNCNOC\[I ?G @ILG; >? JL?M?LP;\[I >; ;ONILC>;>? ? >; CHN?ALC>;>? @_MC=;
>;M?HNCH?F; ;MJ?=NI?RN?LHI>;L?AOF;LC>;>?
"G =IH=FOM[I JL?@?LCGIM J;LNCH>I >; G?MG; JL?GCMM; ?HN?H>?L

KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ] ?MJ?=C;F ?G L;T[I >I I<D?NI >? MO; NON?F;
DOL_>C=; M?GJL? ; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M M?D; >? @ILG;
>CL?N; CG?>C;N; M?D; >? @ILG; CH>CL?N; IO G?>C;N; <;L=;L_;GIM >?MM;LN?
=IGI =LCG?M CHN?AL;HN?M >?MM? !CL?CNI -?H;F ?MJ?=C;F NI>IM ;KO?F?M =;JCNOF;
>IMHI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L G?MGIKO?CGJLIJLC;G?HN?GCFCN;L?M
5. FUNDAMENTOS E FINALIDADE DA PENA NO

DIREITO PENAL MILITAR
IGI M? M;<? I ?R?L=_=CI >; NON?F; J?H;F ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? HI KO?
N;HA? Y CGJIMC\[I >? OG; M;H\[I ;I CH>CP_>OI >?=ILL? >? OG >CL?CNI HI
KO;F M? ;LPIL; I "MN;>I H;M=C>I >? OG; L?F;\[I J;=NO;F ?RCMN?HN? ?HNL? IM
=C>;>[IM?IJLaJLCI?HN?@C=N_=CI
, jus puniendi ] JICM @LONI >I IHNL;NI 0I=C;F OG; ;P?H\; >; KO;F
NI>IM @;T?GIM J;LN? G?MGI KO? CH=IHM=C?HN?G?HN? ; KO;F F?ACNCG; JL?
N?HM;G?HN? IJI>?L>?JOHCL

0;<?L NI>;PC; ; ILCA?G >I >CL?CNI ; JOHCL H[I <;MN; J;L; I ?MNO>I
>; J?H; IO M?D; M;<?
M? KO? ; L?JLCG?H>; J?H;F H[I ] KO?MNCIH;>; J?FI =C>
;>[I JILKO? ?MN? ?HN?H>? ?G<IL; >? @ILG; JL?=XLC; KO? ;I @;T?L J;LN? >?
OG ALOJI A;L;HNC>I JIL OG; IL>?G DOL_>C=; PCA?HN? ?G OG N?LLCNaLCI >?P?
MO<G?N?L
M? YM L?MNLC\d?M CGJIMN;M G;M CMMI JIL MC Ma H[I ] MO@C=C?HN? J;L;
;;=?CN;\[I>;JOHC\[I
!?P?
M? ?HN[I <OM=;L I @OH>;G?HNI >; J?H; ? MO; @CH;FC>;>? IO
?G IONLIM N?LGIM ?HN?H>?L I GINCPI CHNL_HM?=I >?MM; ;=?CN;\[I =?A; oF?ACN
CGC>;>?p <?G=IGIKO?MNCIH;L;ONCFC>;>?>;;JFC=;\[I>Io=;MNCAIpJ?H;F
IGI ;>P?LN?
F;OM /IRCH[60] o; J?LAOHN; ;=?L=; >I M?HNC>I >;
J?H; ?MN;N;F MOLA? =IGI HIP; ?G NI>;M ;M ]JI=;Mp P;F?H>I >CT?L KO? ; >CM
=OMM[I MI<L? IM @OH>;G?HNIM ? ; @CH;FC>;>? >; M;H\[I J?H;F ] N?G; >? ;NO;F
C>;>? _GJ;L =IHNO>I H;>; N?G >? HIPI JILKO;HNI >? N?GJIM ?G N?GJIM
MOLA?G?MNO>IM<OM=;H>I;NCHACLIH_P?FM;NCM@;NaLCI>?=IGJL??HM[I
OGJL? ;CH>; F?G<L;L KO? I ?MNO>I >; J?H; J;LNC=OF;LG?HN? HI
KO? =IH=?LH? Y MO; @OH\[I ?G GOCNI M? ;@CAOL; ;I ?MNO>I >I JLaJLCI <?G
DOL_>C=I JI>?H>I
M? ;@CLG;L KO? ?RCMN? OG; MCG<CIM? IO M?D; o>? OG F;>I
N?H>I
M? JL?M?HN? KO? M? >?P? NON?F;L I KO? ?G MC G?MGI JIMMOC OG P;FIL I
G;L=I >; J?H; H[I ] M?H[I OG; =IHM?KO^H=C; CGJIMN; J?F; =IH>C\[I P;FCIM;
>I <?G !? IONLI F;>I ? ;I G?MGI N?GJI ; MCAHC@C=;\[I MI=C;F >I <?G M? P^
=IH@CLG;>; JL?=CM;G?HN? JILKO? J;L; ; MO; JLIN?\[I P?G ?MN;<?F?=C>; ;
J?H;p[61] 1;G<]G BX >? M? L?MM;FN;L KO? ; J?H; =IGI CHMNLOG?HNI JIL ?R
=?F^H=C; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IHN]G HI ?MNO>I >? MO; @OH\[I I G?FBIL =LCN]LCI
J;L; C>?HNC@C=;L ;M L;Td?M >; JOHC\[I ILC?HN;H>I NI>; ; ;NCPC>;>? L?AOF;NaLC;
?CHN?LJL?N;NCP;>I!CL?CNI LCGCH;F[62]
#?CN;M ;M =IHMC>?L;\d?M CHNLI>ONaLC;M J;MM;L?GIM Y ?RJIMC\[I >;M

N?ILC;M KO? <OM=;G ?RJFC=;L IM @OH>;G?HNIM ; F?ACNCGC>;>? >; J?H; J;L;
;JaM N?=?L;FAOG;M=IHMC>?L;\d?M;L?MJ?CNI>;M;H\[IJ?H;FGCFCN;L
5.1. IH=?CNIJL?=XLCI>?J?H;

-;LNCL?GIM >I =IH=?CNI >? =I?L\[I J?H;F JILKO;HNI ?HN?H>?GIM

M?L?MN?I=;GCHBI;>?KO;>IY=IGJL??HM[I>;G;N]LC;
=I?L\[I J?H;F JI>? M?L >?@CHC>; lato sensu ? stricto sensu 0I? NI>;M ;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M DOL_>C=;M ;>PCH>;M
>; JLXNC=; >? OG CF_=CNI J?H;F JL?PCMN;M H; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F PCA?HN? I KO?
;<L;HA? JILa<PCI ;MG?>C>;M>?M?AOL;H\;[63]
'X ?G M?HNC>I ?MNLCNI ; J?H; ] ; oG;HC@?MN;\[I >; =I?L\[I J?H
;Fp[64] V ; ?@?NCP;\[I >; P?LN?HN? ;@FCNCP; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F ?G M?O AL;O
G;CIL
2LA? JICM M;<?L I KO? M? ?HN?H>? JIL M;H\[I J?H;F >IH>? MOLACLC;
OG; JLCG?CL; N?H>^H=C; ; JIMNOF;L KO? ; M;H\[I J?H;F ] OG G;F CGJIMNI
YKO?F?KO?J?LJ?NL;OG;NICF_=CNI=;JCNOF;>IJ?F;F?CJ?H;F
"MM? =IH=?CNI JIL]G ] JL?=XLCI JIL H[I M;NCM@;T?L ; NI>;M ;M FCHB;M

>? L;=CI=_HCI JI>?H>I
M? ;@CLG;L KO? I =IH=?CNI >? J?H; ?MNX ;NL?F;>I Y
JIMC\[I >I CHN]LJL?N? ?G L?F;\[I YM N?ILC;M >; J?H; L;T[I J?F; KO;F >?P?
?MNO>X
F;M;GCe>?
5.2. 1?ILC;M;<MIFON;M>;J?H;
M N?ILC;M ;<MIFON;M M[I ;LLCG;>;M H; ?RCA^H=C; >? DOMNC\; IO M?D;
JOH?
M? ;FAO]G JILKO? =IG?N?O I =LCG? M?G KO? B;D; ; JL?I=OJ;\[I =IG I
@CG ONCFCNXLCI >; J?H; V JOL; L?NLC<OC\[I =IHM?KO^H=C; >I >?FCNI KO? M? =;
L;=N?LCT;JILOGG;FDOMNI?G@;=?>IG;FCHDOMNI>I=LCG?
, =IHN?e>I ?MM?H=C;F >?MM;M N?ILC;M ?PC>?H=C;

M? =IGI F?G<L; OM
NIM /;G_L?T HI L;=CI=_HCI >IM AL;H>?M @CFaMI@IM >; =OFNOL; ?OLIJ?C; HIN;>;
G?HN? (;HN ? %?A?F -;L; %?A?F =IGI ?HMCH; I ?GCH?HN? >IONLCH;>IL[65]
; J?H; ] ; H?A;\[I >; H?A;\[I >I >CL?CNI L?MN;H>I

FB? ;J?H;M I J;J?F L?
NLC<O=CIHCMN; "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M I =LCG? ] ; H?A;\[I >I !CL?CNI ? ; J?H;

=IGIH?A;\[I>I=LCG? ;?R;FN;\[I>I!CL?CNI

(;HN HI G?MGI M?HNC>I ?HN?H>? KO? ; J?H; ] L?NLC<OC\[I ? M?O

eHC=I @OH>;G?HNI ] ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? >I ;A?HN? 0OLA? JICM I L;=CI=_HCI E;H
NC;HI >? KO? M? ; MI=C?>;>? =CPCF =B?A; ; >CMMIFP?L

M? JIL =IHM?HNCG?HNI >?
NI>IM IM M?OM G?G<LIM =IGI M? JIL ?R?GJFI OG JIPI KO? B;<CN;MM? OG;
CFB; >?=C>CMM? ;<;H>IHX
F; ? >CMJ?LM;L
M? I eFNCGI ;MM;MMCHI JL?MI >?P?LC;
M?L GILNI ;HN?M >; >CMMIFO\[I ; @CG >? KO? =;>; OG MI@L?MM? ; J?H; >? M?O
=LCG? ? J;L; KO? I =LCG? >? BIGC=_>CI H[I L?=;_MM? MI<L? I JIPI KO? >?M=OC
>;MM? >; CGJIMC\[I >?MM; JOHC\[I JILKO? ?HN[I JI>?LC; M?L =IHMC>?L;>I
=eGJFC=?>?N;FPCIF;\[IJe<FC=;>;DOMNC\;[66]
FCHB; ;JL?M?HN;>; =IH@CLG;

M? HIM J?HM;G?HNIM >? ;LL;L;
CH>CHA *?TA?L ? ;N] G?MGI ?G =?LN; G?>C>; >? 4?FT?F JIHN; OMNIM
/;G_L?T KO? IM MO=?MMIL?M >; "M=IF; FXMMC=; H[I LIGJ?L;G =IG ; PCM[I >I
L?NLC<O=CIHCMGI =IGI %;HM 4?FT?F J;L; KO?G ; J?H; ] OG; L?NLC<OC\[I
DOMN; ;@CG>?KO?o=;>;OHIMO@L;FIKO?MOMB?=BIMP;F?Hp[67]
"G MOG; =IG @OF=LI H;M C>?C;M >;M N?ILC;M ;<MIFON;M JI>?GIM
=IH=?CNO;L J?H; =IGI OG G;F KO? ;@FCA? I MOD?CNI KO? =;OM; OG G;F V J;A;
L?NLC<OC\[I M?GKO;FKO?LJL?I=OJ;\[IJLI@CFXNC=;YF?M[I>I=LCG?
V >? HIN;L KO? IM >ICM G;F?M m G;F >I =LCG? ? G;F >; J?H; m N^G ;
G?MG; H;NOL?T; JICM NL;>OT?G
M? J?F; NOL<;\[I >? >CL?CNIM CH>CPC>O;CM -IL
CMMI G?MGI ] JIMM_P?F ?H=IHNL;L JLIJIL\[I ?HNL? ?F?M >? GI>I KO? M?
<OMKO?DOMN;L?NLC<OC\[I
5.3. 1?ILC;ML?F;NCP;M>;J?H;
-;L; ;M N?ILC;M L?F;NCP;M >; J?H; m N;G<]G ;KOC =IHMC>?L;>; OG
G;F H?=?MMXLCI m I ?M=IJI G;CIL >; M;H\[I H[I ] L?NLC<OCL G;M JL?P?HCL ;
JLXNC=;>I>?FCNI
"HMCH; CN?H=IOLN KO? ; o@ILGOF;\[I G;CM ;HNCA; >;M N?ILC;M L?
F;NCP;M =IMNOG; M?L ;NLC<O_>; ; 0^H?=; KO? M? ONCFCT;H>I >? -LINXAIL;M >?

-F;N[I ;@CLGIO qH?HBOG; J?MMI; L?MJIHMXP?F =;MNCA; J?FI J?=;>I =IG?NC>I

G;MMCGJ;L;KO?H[IPIFN?;J?=;Lrp[68]
M N?ILC;M L?F;NCP;M JI>?G M?L =CH>C>;M ?G preveno geral ? preveno especial

JL?P?H\[I A?L;F JL?N?HM;G?HN? ;NO; MI<L? ; =IF?NCPC>;>? >?
GI>I ; JL?P?HCL KO? IM >?G;CM H[I >?=C>;G >?FCHKOCL =IGI I =IH>?H;>I V

;<OM;H>I >;M FC\d?M >? OMNIM /;G_L?T o;>P?LN?H=C; ; NI>IM J;L; KO? M? ;<
MN?HA;H>?>?FCHKOCLp
@ILGOF;\[I ?F?G?HN;L >; JL?P?H\[I A?L;F ] ;NLC<O_>; ; HM?FG
PIH #?O?L<;=B KO? ?RJbM ; teoria da coao psicolgica >?M?HPIFPC>; H;

NL;HMC\[I >I "MN;>I ;<MIFONCMN; J;L; I FC<?L;F J?LG?;>; >?MM; @ILG; J?FIM
JIMNOF;>IM >I &FOGCHCMGI C>?C; =?HNL;F >?MM; N?ILC; J;LN? >I JLCH=_JCI >?
KO? ; J?L@?CN; B;LGIHC; >; PIHN;>? ? >; ?H?LAC; >IM CH>CP_>OIM JLIJIL=CIH;
I @OH>;G?HNI J;L; ; MI=C?>;>? =CPCF A;L;HNCL ;M FC<?L>;>?M >? M?OM CHN?A
L;HN?M A?L;H>I OG "MN;>I >? OG; MI=C?>;>? =CPCF ILA;HCT;>; =IHMNCNO=CIH
;FG?HN? MI< OG; PIHN;>? eHC=; >? =IHPCP^H=C; >IM BIG?HM Y FOT >I !CL?CNI
+?MM? M?HNC>I NI>; ? KO;FKO?L ;AL?MM[I DOL_>C=; =IHNL;>CT IM I<D?NCPIM >I
"MN;>I KO? >?P? C>?;FCT;L CHMNCNONIM DOL_>C=IM KO? ; =I_<;G M?H>I I<PC;
G?HN? I JLCG?CLI >?F?M ; JLaJLC; =I;\[I @_MC=; IHNO>I ; =I;\[I @_MC=; H[I
] NIN;FG?HN? MO@C=C?HN? J;L; CGJ?>CL ;M F?Md?M DOL_>C=;M ;@LIHN;>IL;M >I
"MN;>I G?MGI JILKO? NIG; ?F; =ILJI ?G GIG?HNI JIMN?LCIL M?H>I H?
=?MMXLCI F;H\;L G[I >? OG IONLI ;LNC@_=CI ; =I;\[I JMC=IFaAC=;[69]

=I;\[I JMC=IFaAC=; >? GIN? ?GCH?HN?G?HN? JL?P?HNCPI ;NCHA? M?O I<D?NCPI
?G >ICM GIG?HNIM ; M;<?L I ; JLaJLC; =IGCH;\[I >; J?H; J;L; >?N?LG
CH;>IM >?FCNIM ; KO;F DX NL;HMGCNCLC; ; G?HM;A?G >? KO? N;CM =IGJILN;G?H
NIM M[I CH>?M?D;>IM ? ?G =IHM?KO^H=C; ;J?H;>IM I ; ?@?NCP; JOHC\[I >I
>?FCHKO?HN? JIL MO; P?T CGJLCGCLC; ; =?LN?T; >? KO? ; M;H\[I JL?PCMN; ;<
MNL;N;G?HN? JI>?LC; =IH=L?NCT;L

M? "G @;=? >?MM; =I;\[I B;P?LC; ; CHC<C\[I
>ICHMNCHNI=LCGCHIMI
"HPIFPC;G
M? JICM >O;M @C=\d?M NL;>OTC>;M J?F; =IHM=C^H=C; BO
G;H; ; ;ONI>?N?LGCH;L MO; =IH>ON; J?F; ;G?;\; F?A;F livre-arbtrio ? J?F;

L;=CIH;FC>;>? >I "MN;>I KO? >?P?LC; <OM=;L ;J?H;M I ?M=IJI JLCH=CJ;F >;
JL?P?H\[I IFPC>;H>I GOCN;MP?T?M >;C>?C;>?DOMNC\;L?NLC<O=CIHCMN;
@IL; I JLI<F?G; >;M ;FO>C>;M @C=\d?M MI<L?NO>I ; >I FCPL?

;L<_NLCI
; KO;F H[I JI>? M?L >?GIHMNL;>; =C?HNC@C=;G?HN? ? JILN;HNI >?P? M?L ;=?CN;
=IGI JL?GCMM; ; JL?P?H\[I A?L;F =IGI ;MMCH;F; CN?H=IOLN >?M=;LN;
@;NIL?M CGJILN;HN?M KO? CH@FO?H=C;G I =IGJILN;G?HNI =IGI ; =IH@C;H\; >I

CH>CP_>OI ?G H[I M?L >?M=I<?LNI IO I @;NI >? ; ;G?;\; H[I M?L =IHB?=C>;
J?FI >?MNCH;NXLCI >I >CL?CNI[70] I KO? F?P; ; ?KO;\[I ; H[I ;N?H>?L ; NI>IM
IM =;MIM >C=CIH?
M? ; CMMI ; CHMNLOG?HN;FCT;\[I >I CH@L;NIL M?LPCH>I >? ?R
?GJFI J;L; I ALOJI ? OG; N?H>^H=C; ; ?F?P;L ;M =IGCH;\d?M ? ; ?@?NCP; ;J
FC=;\[I>?J?H;?GHIG?>?OG;JL?P?H\[IA?L;F
+I =?HXLCI >;M N?ILC;M L?F;NCP;M IO JL?P?HNCP;M @CAOL; ;CH>; ; preveno especial ?MN; @I=;>; HI >?FCHKO?HN? NL;HM@ILG;H>I ; J?H; ?G G?CI
>??PCN;L;L?CH=C>^H=C;
"MM; P?LN?HN? ?H=IHNLIO ?=I ?G PXLCIM J;_M?M MMCG I ILL?=CIH;F
CMGI >? IH=?J=CaH L?H;F ? >? !IL;>I *IHN?LI H; "MJ;HB; ; +IP; !?
@?M;0I=C;F >?*;L=H=?F H;#L;H\; ?>?3IH)CMTN H;F?G;HB;
-;L; I ILL?=CIH;FCMGI ; J?H; =IGI L?NLC<OC\[I ?L; OG ?KO_PI=I

>IH>? MOLAC; ; H?=?MMC>;>? >? ;LLCG;L ; CHN?LP?H\[I J?H;F MI<L? I CH>CP_>OI
JIL IONLI ?H@IKO? N?H>I
I =IGI OG ?H@?LGI >; ;FG; M;H\[I J?H;F ?L;
M?O NL;N;G?HNI IGI ?HMCH; !O?E *;LKO?M H; PCM[I >IM ;ONIL?M

>?LL;>?CL;G?HN? =CN;>IM oH[I BX =LCGCHIMIM CH=ILLCA_P?CM G;M CH=ILLC
AC>IMp[71]
+; G?MG; ?MN?CL; *;L= H=?F N?GJ?L;H>I ; !?@?M; 0I=C;F CH;OA
OL;>; JIL #?FCJJI $L;GXNC=; ;JL?M?HN; OG; N?H>^H=C; Y JL?P?H\[I ?MJ?=C;F

JIL]G =IG OG JLIAL;G; G_HCGI[72] +IP; !?@?M; 0I=C;F ?HNL? PXLCIM
IONLIM JIMNOF;>IM ?HN?H>? I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGI @ILG; >? JLIN?\[I MI=C;F
JIL]G MO; =IHM?KO^H=C; G;CM >;HIM; ; J?H; HIN;>;G?HN? ; JLCM[I H[I
JI>? M?L ;JFC=;>; M?G OG ?M=IJI ONCFCNXLCI J;L; I >?FCHKO?HN? >?P?H>I I
J?L_I>I >? ?H=;L=?L;G?HNI M?LPCL >? NL;N;G?HNI J;L; GI>C@C=;L I =IGJILN;
G?HNI>?GI>IKO?;HI=CPC>;>?>ICH@L;NIL;I=ILJIMI=C;FM?D;;HOF;>;

oM FCHB;M
G?MNL;M >I J?HM;G?HNI >? 3IH )CMTNp m ?HMCH; CN?H
=IOLN m oM[I ?H=IHNL;>;M ?G M?O -LIAL;G; >? *;M<OLAI H?=?MMC>;>? >?

J?H; M?AOH>I 3IH )CMTN G?>?
M? =IG =LCN]LCIM JL?P?HNCPIM ?MJ?=C;CM M?
AOH>I IM KO;CM ; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; I<?>?=? ; OG; C>?C; >? L?MMI=C;FCT;\[I ?
L??>O=;\[I >I >?FCHKO?HN? Y CHNCGC>;\[I >;KO?F?M KO? H[I H?=?MMCN?G
L?MMI=C;FCT;L
M? ? N;G<]G J;L; H?ONL;FCT;L IM CH=ILLCA_P?CM "MM; N?M? JI>?
M?LMCHN?NCT;>;?GNL^MJ;F;PL;MCHNCGC>;\[I =ILL?\[I?CHI=OCT;\[Ip[73]
JLCH=CJ;F =L_NC=; ; J?M;L MI<L? ; JL?P?H\[I ?MJ?=C;F ] DOMN;G?HN?

;NL?F;>; ;I =;MI >I CH>CP_>OI KO? H[I JL?=CM; >? ?G?H>; IO >? L?MMI=C;FCT;
\[I "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M =;MIM BX ?G KO? ; L?CH=C>^H=C; ] JIO=I JLIPXP?F ?

;N] G?MGI CGJIMM_P?F <?G =IGI ] CG;ACHXP?F KO? ;FAOHM CH@L;NIL?M N?GJI
;JaM I =IG?NCG?HNI >I >?FCNI M?D;G ?H=IHNL;>IM ?MN;H>I H; =IH>C\[I >?
@IL;AC>IM ?G =IGOHC>;>? >CP?LM; >;KO?F; ?G KO? I =LCG? @IC J?LJ?NL;>I
NIN;FG?HN? CHN?AL;>IM J?L@?CN;G?HN? L?MMI=C;FCT;>IM !?M;<; H?MM?M =;MIM
; JIMNOF;\[I >? KO? ; J?H; ] L?G]>CI J;L; ; ;FG; ] ?G?H>; ] L?MMI=C;FCT;
\[I ] NILH;L CHa=OI I >?FCHKO?HN? CH=ILLCA_P?F F?P;H>I ?G M?O AL;O GXR
CGI >? ;JFC=;\[I Y CGJOHC>;>? =CL=OHMNZH=C; NIN;FG?HN? H?A;NCP; ;I =ILJI

MI=C;F
5.4. 1?ILC;MGCMN;MIOOHC@C=;>IL;M
IG IM ;N;KO?M YM N?ILC;M ;<MIFON;M ? YM N?ILC;M L?F;NCP;M JL?
P?H\[I A?L;F ? ?MJ?=C;F MOLA?G H; F?G;HB; HI =IG?\I >I M]=OFI 55 =IG

*?LE?F ;M N?ILC;M OHC@C=;>IL;M GCMN; IO ?=F]NC=; ?HN?H>?H>I
M? KO? L?
NLC<OC\[I JL?P?H\[I A?L;F ? ?MJ?=C;F oM[I >CMNCHNIM ;MJ?=NIM >? OG G?MGI

=IGJF?RI@?HbG?HIKO?];J?H;p[74]
IGI GOCNI <?G ?HMCH; $OMN;PI ,=N;PC;HI !CHCT 'OHKO?CL; o;M

PXLC;M =L_NC=;M L?=?<C>;M J?F;M N?ILC;M per se ?G MO; JOL?T; ? N;G<]G ;M
P;HN;A?HM KO? =;>; OG; >?GIHMNL;P; NLIOR? Y <OM=; JIL L?OHCL G;CM >?
OG; @OH\[I J;L; ; J?H; @ILG;H>I ;M =B;G;>;M N?ILC;M GCMN;M IO ?=F]NC=;M
OM=;H>I ; MIG; >IM JIHNIM ?FIACXP?CM ? ;I G?MGI N?GJI L?@L?;L ;M =L_NC=;M

; >IONLCH; @IC =IGJCF;H>I PXLCIM @CHM >;H>I >?MN;KO? ; ;FAOHM >? ;=IL>I
=IG;N?H>^H=C;C>?IFaAC=;>I;ONIL?JIF_NC=;>;]JI=;p[75]
!?HNLI >?MM; C>?C; ;JIHN; I ;ONIL I MOLACG?HNI >? >O;M AL;H>?M
P?LN?HN?M
;M C>?C;M G?L;G?HN? ;>CNCP;M ?G KO? M? <OM=; ;J?H;M ; oMIG;
>;M @CH;FC>;>?M >; J?H; M?G ILC?HN;\[I ?RJL?MM; IO CGJF_=CN; HILG;NCP; KO?
J?LGCN; @;T?L L?MM;FN;L ;FAOG; >;M @CH;FC>;>?M ;JIHN;>;M ?G MO;M @ILG;M
JOL;M=IGI>?N?LGCH;HN?H;;JFC=;\[I>;J?H;p[76]
;M C>?C;M OHC@C=;>IL;M >C;F]NC=;M KO? o?G<IL; ;=?CN?G GOFNCJFC
=C>;>? >? @OH\d?M J;L; ; J?H; CH>C=;G KO;F >?P? JL?P;F?=?L J;L; ?@?CNIM >?
FCGCN?M ? H?=?MMC>;>? >? JOHC\[Ip[77] !?HNLI >;M C>?C;M >C;F]NC=;M BX PXLC;M
P?LN?HN?M >?;=IL>I=IGIGIN?JLCH=CJ;F>;>IJ?FICHN]LJL?N?
M N?ILC;M GCMN;M JILN;HNI =IH=CFC;G ?G ?MNXACI CHC=C;F >? MO; @IL
GOF;\[I IM JIMNOF;>IM >;M N?ILC;M JL?=?>?HN?M @CLG;G JICM I =;LXN?L >?
L?NLC<OC\[I >; J?H; G;M ?R;FN;G MO; @OH\[I ONCFCNXLC; @ILGOF;\[I KO? MI
@L?O PXLCIM ;N;KO?M >IONLCHXLCIM ; ?R?GJFI >? F;OM /IRCH J;L; KO?G ;
MCGJF?M ;>C\[I >IM JLCH=_JCIM >;M =ILL?HN?M JL?=?>?HN?M H[I Ma M? =IHNL;Jd?
Y FaAC=; ?MM?H=C;F o=IGI ;OG?HN; I ZG<CNI >? ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; ; KO;F M?
=IHP?LN?;MMCGHOGG?CI>?L?;=\[I;JNIJ;L;KO;FKO?LL?;FCT;\[Ip[78]
"G OG M?AOH>I GIG?HNI M?HM_P?CM ;IM ;N;KO?M J;MM;G ; <OM=;L

@OH>;G?HN;\[I J;L; =IH=CFC;L IM JIMNOF;>IM >? JL?P?H\[I A?L;F ? ?MJ?=C;F
=IG IM o?MNXACIM >; HILG; =IGCH;\[I ;JFC=;\[I ? ?R?=O\[I "H@CG ?MM;M
N?ILC;M =?HNL;FCT;G I @CG >I !CL?CNI -?H;F qH; C>?C; >? JL?P?H\[Ir L?
NLC<OC\[I ?G MO;M <;M?M N?aLC=;M M?D; ;NL;P]M >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? IO >; JLIJIL
=CIH;FC>;>? IO ;G<;M ;I G?MGI N?GJI >?M?GJ?HB; ;J?H;M OG J;J?F

FCGCN;>IL GXRCGI ? G_HCGI >;M ?RCA^H=C;M >; JL?P?H\[Ip[79] ?F?A?H>I
M?OG;@OH\[IJL?JIH>?L;HN?
5.4.1. -/"3"+Uk,$"/)-,0&1&3

/?MM;FN?
M? KO? ; N?GXNC=; J?LG;H?=?O ?G JF?H; NOL<OF^H=C; m
=IGI ;CH>; J?LG;H?=? ?G OG GIPCG?HNI =_=FC=I m I KO? @IG?HNIO ; @IL
GOF;\[I >; N?ILC; >; JL?P?H\[I A?L;F JIMCNCP; M?AOH>I ; KO;F ?G FCHB;M
A?L;CM ; J?H; H[I JI>? M?L @OH>;G?HN;>; ?G ;G?;\; >?MNCH;>; ; CHNCGC>;L
JIN?H=C;CM >?FCHKO?HN?M m I KO? ;FAOHM ?HN?H>?G JIL JL?P?H\[I A?L;F H?A;N
CP; m G;M BX >? L?;@CLG;L ; =IHM=C^H=C; MI=C;F >; HILG; IO =IH@CLG;L MO;
PCA^H=C; JILG?CI>;CGJIMC\[I>?M;H\d?MJ?H;CM
IG ?@?CNI I @;NI =LCGCHIMI ;@?N; ; =L?>C<CFC>;>? >; HILG; ? =IH
M?KO?HN?G?HN? I P;FIL KO? ?F; =IGJILN; J?H; H?MM? =IHN?RNI >?P?LC;

M?LPCL J;L; L?;@CLG;L ; G;HON?H\[I >I MCMN?G; ;RCIFaAC=I ? >I JLaJLCI IL>?
H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I L?JLCG?H>; H[I PCM; ; L?J;L;L I >;HI G;M JIMMOC ; @OH
\[I JLCGIL>C;F >? ILC?HN;L IM =C>;>[IM J;L; I =OGJLCG?HNI >;M HILG;M CH
M?LC>;M HI IHNL;NI 0I=C;F OG; @OH\[I ?>O=;NCP; @ILG;H>I ; =IHM=C^H=C;

]NC=;?P;FIL;NCP;>;MI=C?>;>?
"MM; ;=?J\[I MOMN?HN;>; JIL %;HM 4?FT?F ?G GIG?HNI JIMN?LCIL
>? M?O L;=CI=_HCI ? JIL $fHNB?L ';EI<M[80] ?HNL? IONLIM =B;G;>; >? N?IL
C; >; JL?P?H\[I A?L;F JIMCNCP; fundamentadora I@?L?=? OG; P?LN?HN? ;L
LCM=;>; JILKO;HNI H[I FCGCN; =I?L?HN?G?HN? I jus puniendi V >CT?L KO? HI

"MN;>I 0I=C;F ? !?GI=LXNC=I >? !CL?CNI ; @OH>;G?HN;\[I ? ; @CH;FC>;>? >;
J?H; >?P?G ?MN;L ;FCHB;>;M =IG IM JLCH=_JCIM GCHCG;FCMN;M >? GI>I KO?
H[I M? @IG?HN? I ;F;LA;G?HNI ; ?RJ;HM[I >I ?MJ?=NLI JOHCNCPI +;M=? JICM
; N?ILC; >; JL?P?H\[I A?L;F JIMCNCP; limitadora KO? ?H=IHNL; ?=I ?G PXLCIM
>IONLCH;>IL?M N;CM=IGI/IRCH %;MM?G?L?*CL-OCA
-;L; ?MM; N?ILC; I "MN;>I >?P? MI@L?L ; ;\[I >? @L?CIM JLCH=CJCIFaAC
=IM >?MNCH;>IM ; FCGCN;L MO; CHN?LP?H\[I HIM >CL?CNIM @OH>;G?HN;CM >I =C>
;>[I M?H>I ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? I JIHNI >? J;LNC>; J;L; ; L?JLCG?H>; m G;M H[I
M?O eHC=I @OH>;G?HNI m MI< J?H; >? PCIF;\[I >; >CAHC>;>? >; J?MMI;
BOG;H;
-?FI PC]M >; N?ILC; FCGCN;>IL; ; JLIRCGC>;>? ?HNL? IM @OH>;G?HNIM
? ; @CH;FC>;>? >; J?H; ? IM JLCH=_JCIM CH@ILG;>IL?M ;@?NIM ;I <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F ] ?HILG? 0?G ?G<;LAI IM JLCH=_JCIM >I oGCHCG;FCMGI J?H;Fp

=IHN;GCH;G H[I Ma ; M?F?\[I ? I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >I <?G DOL_>C=I NON?F;>I

J?FI !CL?CNI -?H;F M?H[I N;G<]G ; <OM=; >; F?ACNCG;\[I >; J?H; HI "MN;>I
0I=C;F?!?GI=LXNC=I>?!CL?CNI
5.5. 1?ILC;>;J?H;?I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
IGI M? P^ ; =IGJL??HM[I >; M;H\[I J?H;F J;MM; JIL PXLCIM ?MNX
ACIM BCMNaLC=IM ? ?F;<IL;\d?M M?G KO? M? N?HB; >?@CHC>I KO;F ; G?FBIL N?ILC;
J;L;=IH=?CNO;L;J?H;??RJFC=;LM?OM@OH>;G?HNIM
"MM; L?;FC>;>? F?P; !O?E *;LKO?M ; =IH=FOCL KO? oI M?HNCG?HNI >?
=;MNCAI CHM?LC>I H;M J?H;FC>;>?M J?LG;H?=? CH;FN?L;>I ?HKO;HNI ?MNLONOL;

;LKO?N_JC=; >? ILCA?G JLCGCNCP; H[I I<MN;HN? ;M =ILL?HN?M G;CM JLIAL?MMCMN
;M>;;NO;FC>;>? HIZG<CNI>;JIF_NC=;=LCGCH;Fp[81]
!? @;NI =IGI =IH=?CNI CHC=C;F ? JL?=XLCI JI>?

M? >CT?L KO? ; J?H; ]
OG G;F H?=?MMXLCI CH@FCAC>I ;I ;ONIL >? OG >?FCNI "MM? =IH=?CNI JIL]G MI
@L?LX GON;\d?M >? ;=IL>I =IG ; ?RJFIL;\[I >IM @OH>;G?HNIM ? >; @CH;FC>;>?
>; L?JLCG?H>; J?H;F -I>?LX M?L G?>C>; ]NC=; >? DOMNC\; L?G]>CI J;L; ;
;FG; >I >?FCHKO?HN? JLIN?\[I >I N?=C>I MI=C;F ?N= 1;CM =IH=?J\d?M MI@L?G
;CH>; @ILN? CH@FO^H=C; >I $;L;HNCMGI -?H;F KO? N?G =IGI ?RJI?HN? G;CIL
)OCAC#?LL;DIFC =?HNL;H>I
M?I!CL?CNI-?H;FG;CMOG;P?THICH@L;NIL
.O;F;G?FBILMIFO\[I"MN;GIMFIHA?>?OG=IHM?HMI>IONLCHXLCI
;AL;>;
&MMI H[I I<MN; =IHNO>I JIMM;GIM ?RN?LH;L ; P?LN?HN? KO? G;CM HIM
&HC=C;FG?HN? J;L?=?
HIM KO? I JOLI L?NLC<O=CIHCMGI M? J?L>? ?G
@;=? >I "MN;>I !?GI=LXNC=I GOCNI ?G<IL; M?D; CGJIMM_P?F =IGI ;>P?LNCO
!O?E *;LKO?M ;@;MNX
FI >; ?MM^H=C; >; J?H; !? @;NI J?H; ] OG G;F ?G
J;A;G?HNI;IONLIG;F
+[I ] ?MM; JIL]G ; <;M? KO? FB? >X MOMN?HN;\[I CMNI ] ;J?M;L >?
=IHMNCNOCL OG =;MNCAI H[I JI>? M?L ;JFC=;>; KO;H>I I CHN?HNI @IL ;J?H;M

=;MNCA;L V JL?=CMI FI=;FCT;L ; H?=?MMC>;>? >? MO; ?@?NCP;\[I I KO? ; HIMMI

P?L MIG?HN? ?H=IHNL; ?=I H; JL?P?H\[I A?L;F JIMCNCP; I<PC;G?HN?
FCGCN;>IL;
1I>;PC; =IGI DX MOMN?HN;GIM ;I NL;N;L >I <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F GCF
CN;L ; ;JFC=;\[I >IM JLCH=_JCIM GCHCG;FCMN;M @?MN?D;>IM HI !CL?CNI -?H;F
=IGOG >?P? J;MM;L JIL IONLI @CFNLI KO;F M?D; ; H?=?MMC>;>? >? G;HN?L ;
L?AOF;LC>;>?>;MCHMNCNOC\d?MGCFCN;L?M
+[I M? JL?N?H>? ;KOC FIAC=;G?HN? OG ;F;LA;G?HNI >?MG?>C>I >I

!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L G;M OG =OC>;>I ?MJ?=C;F >I ;JFC=;>IL >; F?C =;MNL?HM?
;I >?J;L;L =IG KO?MNd?M FCG_NLI@?M ?G KO? JIL ?R?GJFI I JLCH=_JCI >;
I@?HMCPC>;>? KO? ?G M? NL;N;H>I >? OG =LCG? =IGOG JI>?LC; M?L ?R;FN;>I
=IG I ?M=IJI >? CGJ?>CL ; CHN?LP?H\[I J?H;F JIMM; A;HB;L >?JL?=C;\[I ?G
HIG?>;NON?F; A?H?LC=;G?HN?@;F;H>I >;CHMNCNOC\[I
"MM; NON?F; ?PC>?H=C;>; M?LPCLC; J;L; L?;@CLG;L I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CF
CN;L ? IM P;FIL?M ; ?F? CH?L?HN?M CGJ?>CH>I ; >?FCHKO^H=C; HI M?CI >;M =IL
JIL;\d?M I KO? L?>OH>;LC; JIL J;L;>IR;F KO? JIMM; J;L?=?L HI H[I CHN?L
P?H=CIHCMGI ?MN;N;F ;AIL; J?FI -I>?L "R?=ONCPI L?JL?M?HN;>I J?F;M #IL\;M

LG;>;M J?F;M-IF_=C;M*CFCN;L?M?J?FIM ILJIM>?IG<?CLIM*CFCN;L?M
6. CONCEITO DE DIREITO PENAL MILITAR

IGI M? JI>? P?LC@C=;L HI 1?RNI *;CIL ;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M M[I
>IN;>;M >? NON?F; ?MJ?=C;F KO? PCM; Y G;HON?H\[I >? MO; L?AOF;LC>;>? J?F;
JLIN?\[I >? IONLIM <?HM DOL_>C=IM ; PC>; ; CHN?ALC>;>? @_MC=; ; BIHL; ; BC?L
;LKOC; ;>CM=CJFCH;?N=
0IG?
M? ; CMMI I @;NI >? ; GCMM[I >;M =ILJIL;\d?M GCFCN;L?M M?L
L?P?MNC>; >? OG; =IGJF?RC>;>? _GJ;L ?RCACH>I >? M?OM MOD?CNIM ;<H?A;\[I
LI<OMN?T?=IL;A?G>CAH;M>?I>CMM?C;

"MM;M =;L;=N?L_MNC=;M JIHNO;CM H[I M? ?PC>?H=C;G ?MJIHN;H?;G?HN?

G;M L?KO?L?G CHMNCA;\[I OG; o@;AOFB;p KO? CHC=C? ; =IG<OMN[I !?JICM
>?P?
M?;J?H;M=IHNLIF;L;MJLIJIL\d?M>;M;\d?M>?M?H=;>?;>;M
"MM; o@;AOFB;p ] JICM L?JL?M?HN;>; J?F; IL>?G J?F; >?N?LGCH;\[I
MOJ?LCIL HI M?HNC>I >? @;T?L IO >?CR;L >? @;T?L ;FAI N?H>I M?GJL? JIL I<D?N
CPI;GCMM[IJL?=_JO;>;@IL\;
@C?F I<?>C^H=C; NILH;

M? >?MM;LN? FCHB;
G?MNL; >I >?M?HPIFPC
G?HNI >;M GCMMd?M ;NLC<O_>;M ;IM ILA;HCMGIM GCFCN;L?M L?MM;FN;H>I

M? ; CG
JILNZH=C;>;BC?L;LKOC;?>;>CM=CJFCH;=IGIL;C;M=IH>ONIL;M
+[I ] ; =IH>ON; BOG;H; ?HNL?N;HNI J?L@?CN; ; JIHNI >? ;F=;H\;L

=IHM=C?HN?G?HN? I ;=;N;G?HNI >; BC?L;LKOC; ? >; >CM=CJFCH; L;T[I J?F;
KO;F <OM=;H>I ?PCN;L =IH>ON;M F?MCP;M ;I =IHP_PCI MI=C;F M?D; ?G M?HNC>I
;GJFI HI M?CI >; MI=C?>;>? =IGI OG NI>I M?D; ?G M?HNC>I ?MNLCNI HI CH
N?LCIL >IM KO;LN]CM MOLA? ; H?=?MMC>;>? >? CHMNLOG?HNIM >? =IHNLIF? >? ;@?L
C\[I >? OG; =IH>ON; M?LPCF ?RCAC>; H;M >CP?LM;M ;NCPC>;>?M F?A;>;M YM #IL\;M
LG;>;M YM-IF_=C;M*CFCN;L?M?;IM ILJIM>?IG<?CLIM*CFCN;L?M
, CHMNLOG?HNI G;CM ?F?G?HN;L ] M?G >ePC>; I !CL?CNI >GCHCMNL;N
CPI !CM=CJFCH;L *CFCN;L KO? ] MO@C=C?HN? J;L; L?MIFP?L <I; J;LN? >;M =IH>ON;M
CH>CM=CJFCH;>;M "G ;FAOHM =;MIM JIL]G ; CHN?LP?H\[I H?=?MMCN; M?L G;CM L_
AC>; G;CM =IHNOH>?HN? >?M>? KO? B;D; ; NOL<;\[I >? OG <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F
>?N;FAL;H>?T;KO?DOMNC@CKO?I>?M?H=;>?;G?HNI>;J?LM?=O\[I=LCGCH;F
OM=;
M? ?G L?MOGI ;I ;=CG; =IHMCAH;>I ; ordem jurdica militar MOMN?HNX=OFI >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M ?HN?H>C>; =IGI I =IGJF?RI >?
HILG;M DOL_>C=;M >?MNCH;>;M ; ;MM?AOL;L ; L?;FCT;\[I >IM @CHM ?MM?H=C;CM >?M
M;MCHMNCNOC\d?M
JL?M?LP;\[I >; L?@?LC>; IL>?G DOL_>C=; L?KO?L OG ?F?H=I >?

M;H\d?M >? >CP?LM;M H;NOL?T;M KO? PCM;G GILG?HN? ; ;@OA?HN;L I PCIF;>IL
?G JIN?H=C;F >?MM; IL>?G 1;CM M;H\d?M H;M=?G MI<L?NO>I >I !CL?CNI >
GCHCMNL;NCPI!CM=CJFCH;L*CFCN;L?>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L

"G MOG; JILN;HNI JI>?

M? ;@CLG;L KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L
=IHMCMN? HI conjunto de normas jurdicas que tm por objeto a determinao de infraes penais, com suas consequentes medidas coercitivas em
face da violao, e, ainda, pela garantia dos bens juridicamente tutelados,
mormente a regularidade de ao das foras militares, proteger a ordem
jurdica militar, fomentando o salutar desenvolver das misses precpuas
atribudas s Foras Armadas e s Foras Auxiliares.
7. PRINCPIOS DO DIREITO PENAL MILITAR

7.1. IH=?CNI>?JLCH=_JCI?MO;>CMNCH\[I>;ML?AL;M
,M >CL?CNIM M[I A;L;HNC>IM JIL HILG;M DOL_>C=;M KO? N^G ; ?MNLONOL;
>? L?AL;M IO >? JLCH=_JCIM >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? L?AL;M ? JLCH=_JCIM ;>IN;H>I ;
;>?KO;>; PCM[I >? 3CLA_FCI @IHMI >; 0CFP; ?MNX HI @;NI >? KO? ;M L?AL;M
A;L;HN?G >CL?CNIM IO CGJd?G >?P?L?M definitivos ?HKO;HNI IM JLCH=_JCIM
A;L;HN?G >CL?CNIM IO CGJd?G >?P?L?M prima facie IO M?D; >I =IHN?e>I >;
L?AL; ?RNL;C
M? OG; JLIJIMC\[I KO? >?P? M?L M;NCM@?CN; JF?H;G?HN? MI< J?H;
>? CHP;FC>;>? >; L?AL; ?HKO;HNI >I =IHN?e>I >IM JLCH=_JCIM ?RNL;C
M? OG;
JLIJIMC\[I KO? H[I M? JI>? L?;FCT;L M?GJL? M?H>I ?MM; L?;FCT;\[I A?L;F
G?HN? J;L=C;F I KO? H[I MCAHC@C=; JIL IONLI F;>I ; CHP;FC>;\[I >I JLCH=_
JCI[82]
IH=FOC
M? JILN;HNI KO? IM JLCH=_JCIM M[I mandamentos de otimizao KO? o?RCA?G KO? ;FAI M?D; L?;FCT;>I H; G;CIL G?>C>; JIMM_P?F >C;HN?
>;MJIMMC<CFC>;>?M@XNC=;M?DOL_>C=;M?RCMN?HN?Mp[83]
7.2. IH@FCNI?HNL?JLCH=_JCIM

C>?C; >? H[I L?;FCT;\[I ?G L?AL; >I G;H>;G?HNI >? INCGCT;\[I

>? OG JLCH=_JCI ] >? @OH>;G?HN;F CGJILNZH=C; J;L; ; N?ILC; >IM JLCH=_JCIM
JILKO;HNI ; H?A;\[I >; ;JFC=;\[I >? OG JLCH=_JCI ?G MO; NIN;FC>;>? ?G
@;=? >? IONLI JLCH=_JCI IO M?D; I =IH@FCNI >? JLCH=_JCIM H[I CGJILN; H; CH
P;FC>;\[I >?MM? JLCH=_JCI G;M ;J?H;M H; JL?P;F^H=C; >I IONLI JLCH=_JCI H;M
=IH>C\d?M @XNC=;M ? DOL_>C=;M ;JL?M?HN;>;M , G?MGI H[I I=ILL? =IG ;M L?
AL;M PCMNI KO? M? >O;M L?AL;M oJL?P??G =IHM?KO^H=C;M >C@?L?HN?M J;L; I

G?MGI ;NI IO @;NI OG; >?F;M ] H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? CHPXFC>; HI NI>I IO ?G
J;LN?p[84]
, AL;H>? JLI<F?G; HI =IH@FCNI >? JLCH=_JCIM ?MNX H; >?=CM[I >? KO;F
JLCH=_JCI >?P? JL?P;F?=?L +?MM? M?HNC>I ;JIHN;
M? I JLCH=_JCI >; JLIJIL
=CIH;FC>;>?=IGIIMIFO=CIH;>IL>?MM;CH=IGJ;NC<CFC>;>?
JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? H[I ?MNX AL;@;>; ?RJL?MM;G?HN? H; ;LN;

*;CIL JIL]G =IHMNCNOC
M? ?G JLCH=_JCI >? MOG; CGJILNZH=C; HI IL>?H;
G?HNIDOL_>C=I
OHB;>I JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? >; >IONLCH; ;F?G[ I JLCH=_JCI ?G =IH
MNLO\[I>C>XNC=; >?M>I<L;
M??GNL^M;MJ?=NIM
o;>?KO;\[I
-IL ?F; >CT

M? KO? I G?CI ; M?L ?M=IFBC>I >?P?LX ?G JLCG?CLI FOA;L
M?L ;>?KO;>I PCM;H>I I ;NCHACG?HNI >I L?MOFN;>I ;FG?D;>I >?KO;\[I

JILN;HNI CGJFC=;=IH@ILGC>;>??ONCFC>;>?;I@CGJL?N?H>C>I
<"RCAC<CFC>;>?
, G?CI >?P? M?L I G;CM <L;H>I G;CM MO;P? >?HNL? ;KO?F?M KO? M?
;JL?M?HN;G >CMJIH_P?CM HI CHNOCNI >? JL?M?LP;L ;I GXRCGI IM P;FIL?M =IH
MNCNO=CIH;FG?HN? JLIN?AC>IM &MNI ] >?P?

M? JLI=OL;L ;NCHACL HI G_HCGI IM
P;FIL?M A;L;HNC>IM =IHMNCNO=CIH;FG?HN? KO? N?HB;G ?HNL;>I ?G =IFCM[I =IG
IJLCH=_JCIJL?P;F?HN?
=-LIJIL=CIH;FC>;>??GM?HNC>I?MNLCNI

!?P?
M? ?GJL?A;L I G?CI KO? M? GIMNL;L G;CM P;HN;DIMI J;L; ; JLI
GI\[I >I JLCH=_JCI JL?P;F?=?HN? G;M M?GJL? <OM=;H>I >?MP;FILCT;L I G_H
CGIIM>?G;CMp[85]
, JLCH=_JCI >; JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? ] PCMNI JIL GOCNIM =IGI OG MO
J?LJLCH=_JCI =IGI I oJLCH=_JCI >IM JLCH=_JCIMp G;M ?G P?L>;>? ; JLIJIL
=CIH;FC>;>? ;CH>; KO? N?HB; MO; L?F?PZH=C; CHKO?MNCIHXP?F BX KO? ?H=IHNL;L
FCGCN?M H; >CAHC>;>? >; J?MMI; BOG;H; G?MGI JILKO? ] >?F; ILCOH>;

+?MM; ?MN?CL; N?HB;
M? ?G G?HN? KO? I G;CM CGJILN;HN? JLCH=_JCI =IHMNCNO
=CIH;F ] I >; >CAHC>;>? >; J?MMI; BOG;H; M?H>I ?F? ; >CL?NLCT >? CHN?L
JL?N;\[I JILN;HNI ; JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? =IGI NI>; ; FaAC=; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F

H;M=?>;>CAHC>;>?>;J?MMI;BOG;H;
+?MM? >C;J;M[I ; CGJILNZH=C; >; JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? =IGI JLCH=_
JCI ] >? =;LXN?L CHMNLOG?HN;F IO M?D; @OH=CIH; =IGI @?LL;G?HN; >? B;LGIH
CT;\[I H;M ;J;L?HN?M =IFCMd?M >? HILG;M JLCH=CJCIFaAC=;M IO ?HN[I KO;H>I

BX =IH@FCNI >? >CAHC>;>?M >? J?MMI;M >CMNCHN;M F;H\;H>I
M? ; JLIJIL=CIH;FC>
;>? =IGI J;L;G?HNI >? >?=CM[I H;KOCFI KO? /CTT;NNI +OH?M =B;GIO >?
oJLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>?>?M?AOH>IAL;OpIOoJLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>??MJ?=C;Fp[86]
JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? JILN;HNI ;ORCFC; H; @CR;\[I >? L?F;\d?M =IH>C
=CIH;>;M >? JL?=?>^H=C; >? OG JLCH=_JCI MI<L? I IONLI H;FCM?GIM I ?R?G
JFI J;>L[I NL;TC>I JIL 3CLA_FCI @IHMI >; 0CFP; ?G KO? M? P^ ; =IFCM[I >?
OG; HILG; JLCH=CJCIFaAC=; >? FC<?L>;>? >? CGJL?HM; ? IONL; >? NON?F; >I
>CL?CNI Y JLCP;=C>;>? IO Y BIHL; >;M J?MMI;M[87] &G;ACH?GIM KO? >?N?LG
CH;>; ?GCMMIL; >? N?F?PCM[I NL;HMGCN; ?G L?>? H;=CIH;F ; CG;A?G >? OG;
J?MMI; @IL;AC>; MOMJ?CN; >; JLXNC=; >? PXLCIM ?MNOJLIM -IL a<PCI KO? I MOM
J?CNI JIMMOC I >CL?CNI Y NON?F; >? MO; CG;A?G KO? H?MM? =;MI ?HNL; ?G =IH
@FCNI =IG ; FC<?L>;>? >? CGJL?HM; ,=ILL? KO? HI =;MI =IH=L?NI =IGI I MOM
J?CNI ?MNX @IL;AC>I ; >CPOFA;\[I >; CG;A?G J?F; CGJL?HM; =IHMNCNOC ; eHC=;
@ILG; >? ;F?LN; Y JIJOF;\[I >I LCM=I KO? M? =ILL? =IG I @;NI >? I MOMJ?CNI ?M
N;L @IL;AC>I -;L?=?

HIM L?MJ?CN;H>I IJCHCd?M >CP?LA?HN?M KO? I G?CI ?M=IF
BC>I ] ;>?KO;>I ; ;NCHACL I L?MOFN;>I ? N;G<]G ] ?RCA_P?F IO H?=?MMXLCI JIL

H[I B;P?L G?CI G?HIM AL;PIMI <?G =IGI JILKO? ; P?C=OF;\[I >; CG;A?G
=IG MI<LC?>;>? FaAC=I ;N?H>?LX Y JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? ?G M?HNC>I ?MNLCNI I

CHP]M H[I HIM J;L?=? JLIJIL=CIH;F ; >CPOFA;\[I >; CG;A?G >? OG; J?MMI;
JL?M; KO? H[I I@?L?\; LCM=I Y MI=C?>;>? MCGJF?MG?HN? ?G HIG? >; HILG;
JLCH=CJCIFaAC=; >; FC<?L>;>? >? CGJL?HM; CHP?LN?H>I
M? >? HIN;L ; L?F;\[I
>? JL?P;F^H=C; >? OG JLCH=_JCI MI<L? I IONLI ,<M?LP?
M? JIL @CG KO? ?G
H?HBOG >IM >ICM ?R?GJFIM JI>?
M? ;@CLG;L KO? OG JLCH=_JCI ] CHP;FC>;>I
J?F; ?RCMN^H=C; >I IONLI H?G KO? CHMNCNOC OG; ?R=?\[I ;I IONLI G;M ;J?H
;MKO??G=?LN;M=IH>C\d?M@XNC=;M?DOL_>C=;MOGJL?P;F?=?MI<L?IIONLI
1IG?GIM G;CM OG ?R?GJFI ;AIL; G;CM ;@?NI ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CF
CN;L ? ;I !CL?CNI >GCHCMNL;NCPI !CM=CJFCH;L &G;ACH?GIM KO? ?G OG CH
KO]LCNI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L CHP?MNCA;H>I OG =LCG? >? =IH=OMM[I B;D; ;ONILCT;
\[I J;L; ; CHN?L=?JN;\[I N?F?@bHC=; >I MOMJ?CNI JLI>OTCH>I

M? ; JLIP; =IG
IM ;ONIM ;J;LN;>IM >? >?AL;P;\[I >;M =IHP?LM;M NO>I ?G =IH@ILGC>;>? =IG
; )?C H >? >? DOFBI >? ? =IG ; /?MIFO\[I H >? >?
M?N?G<LI >? >I IHM?FBI +;=CIH;F >? 'OMNC\; #CH>I I JLI=?>CG?HNI
>? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L JLIPIO
M? I =LCG? G;M ; CHN?L=?JN;\[I
N?F?@bHC=; =IHMNCNOC
M? ?G JLCH=CJ;F JLIP; =IHNL; I ;=OM;>I =;L?=?H>I
M? >I
M?O NL;MF;>I J;L; I JLI=?MMI ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI J;L; KO? N;G<]G B;D; ; L?
MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >CM=CJFCH;L >I GCFCN;L , NL;MF;>I HIN?

M? CGJILN; ?G =IH
@FCNI JLCH=CJCIFaAC=I B;P?H>I JIL OG F;>I I >CL?CNI >I ;=OM;>I ?G H[I N?L
PCIF;>I I =IHN?e>I >? MO;M =IGOHC=;\d?M N?F?@bHC=;M M?H[I J;L; OG; CH
P?MNCA;\[I =LCGCH;F JIL ;ONILCT;\[I DO>C=C;F HIM J;LZG?NLIM >; F?C ;LN I
5 >; # ? JIL IONLI I >?P?L N;G<]G JLCH=CJCIFaAC=I >? >?JOL;\[I CH
N?LH; >; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L ?RNL;_>I >I JLCH=_JCI >; GIL;FC>;>? AL;@;>I
HI ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F "HN?H>?
M? JLIJIL=CIH;F H?MM? =;MI KO?
B;D; I NL;MF;>I N;G<]G JIL ;ONILCT;\[I DO>C=C;F[88] DX KO? I G?CI ?M=IF
BC>I ? ;>?KO;>I ; ;NCHACL I L?MOFN;>I >? JLIP;L ; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L

N;G<]G ] ?RCA_P?F IO H?=?MMXLCI JIL H[I B;P?L IONLI G?CI G?HIM AL;PIMI
<?G =IGI JIL @CG ; AL;PC>;>? >; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L JL;NC=;>; =IH
=OMM[I =IHMC>?L;>; =LCG? ? NL;HMAL?MM[I CGJILN; ?G OG ?KOCF_<LCI ?HNL? ;

PCIF;\[I >I >CL?CNI CH>CPC>O;F ? ; =IHM?KO^H=C; JL?N?H>C>; ;N?H>?H>I
M? Y
JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? ?G M?HNC>I ?MNLCNI !C@?L?HN?G?HN? =;MI I CHKO]LCNI JIFC
=C;F GCFCN;L H[I JLIP;MM? ; =IH=OMM[I G;M ;J?H;M J?F;M =IHP?LM;M AL;P;>;M
H; CHN?L=?JN;\[I N?F?@bHC=; ;ONILCT;>; KO? I CHP?MNCA;>I JL;NC=;L; OG;

NL;HMAL?MM[I >? GOCNI G?HIL AL;PC>;>? JIL ?R?GJFI OG; ;NCPC>;>? ?R
NL;=ILJIL;\[I H[I B;P?LX >? JL?P;F?=?L I >?P?L JLCH=CJCIFaAC=I >? GIL;FC>
;>? G;M I >CL?CNI JLCH=CJCIFaAC=I >? NON?F; >; CHPCIF;<CFC>;>? >;M =IGO
HC=;\d?M N?F?@bHC=;M H[I >?P?H>I ; PCIF;\[I IONLIL; ;ONILCT;>; M?L JIN?H
=C;FCT;>; J?FI NL;MF;>I J;L; OG JLI=?MMI IO JLI=?>CG?HNI KO? ;JOL? NL;HM
AL?MM[I >? MIG?HIM CGJILNZH=C; +?MM? =;MI ?G<IL; I G?CI ?M=IFBC>I JIMM;
M?L ;>?KO;>I ; ;NCHACL I L?MOFN;>I >? JLIP;L ; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L <?G
=IGI ?RCA_P?F IO H?=?MMXLCI JIL H[I B;P?L IONLI G?CI G?HIM AL;PIMI ;
AL;PC>;>? >; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L JL;NC=;>; ?R?L=_=CI >? ;NCPC>;>? ?R
NL;=ILJIL;\[I L?GOH?L;>; H[I ;N?H>? J?FI >?M?KOCF_<LCI ?HNL? ; PCIF;\[I

>I >CL?CNI CH>CPC>O;F ? ; =IHM?KO^H=C; JL?N?H>C>; Y JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? ?G
M?HNC>I ?MNLCNI *;CM OG; P?T JIL @CG >?P?
M? HIN;L KO? IM JLCH=_JCIM H[I
@IL;G CHP;FC>;>IM IO ?R=?J=CIH;>IM G;M ;J?H;M =IHMC>?L;>IM JL?P;F?=?H
N?MHOG;IOHIONL;MCNO;\[I
FAOHM JI>?LC;G ?HN?H>?L I ?R?GJFI ;=CG; H[I =IGI OG =IH@FCNI

>? JLCH=_JCIM G;M >? L?AL; ? JLCH=_JCI IO M?D; ; L?AL; =IHNC>; H; )?C H
>? H[I M?L J?LGCNC>; ; CHN?L=?JN;\[I J;L; IONLIM @CHM KO? H[I ; CH
P?MNCA;\[I =LCGCH;F =IH@FCN;H>I =IG I JLCH=_JCI >; GIL;FC>;>? ;>GCHCM
NL;NCP; 1I>;PC; JL?@?LCGIM ?HN?H>?L G;FAL;>I HINXP?CM PIT?M ?G M?HNC>I

=IHNLXLCI[89] M?L JIMM_P?F ; MIFO\[I =IHMC>?L;H>I KO? I =BIKO? ?RCMN?HN? ]
>? @;NI ?HNL? JLCH=_JCIM I JLCH=_JCI >; GIL;FC>;>? ? I JLCH=_JCI >? H[I
I@?HM; Y JLCP;=C>;>? >;M =IGOHC=;\d?M N?F?@bHC=;M KO? CH@ILGIO ; L?AL;
=IHNC>;H;)?CH
7.3. F;MMC@C=;\[I>IMJLCH=_JCIM
0?AOCH>I ; PCM[I >? !CIA?H?M $;MJ;LCHC IM JLCH=_JCIM =IGJILN;G
OG; =F;MMC@C=;\[I H; M?AOCHN? =IH@ILGC>;>? o IHCP;F?HN?M CMNI ] IM KO?

P;F?G J;L; KO;FKO?L =C^H=C; ; ?R?GJFI >I JLCH=_JCI >? H[I =IHNL;>C\[I
OG; =ICM; H[I JI>? M?L ? H[I M?L ;I G?MGI N?GJI JFOLCP;F?HN?M IO M?D;
IM KO? P;F?G J;L; OG ALOJI >? =C^H=C;M ; ?R?GJFI >I JLCH=_JCI >; =;OM;FC>
;>? KO? CH@ILG; ;M =C^H=C;M H;NOL;CM Y =;OM; =ILL?MJIH>? OG >;>I ?@?CNI

GIHIP;F?HN?M N;CM =IGI IM KO? P;F?G Ma J;L; OG; =C^H=C; ; ?R?GJFI >I
JLCH=_JCI >; F?A;FC>;>? ; F?C MO<G?N? ; NI>IM Ma ;JFC=XP?F ;I !CL?CNI "MN?M
eFNCGIM JI>?G M?L ; A?L;CM ; ?R?GJFI >IM KO? P;F?G Ma J;L; OG L;GI >?
OG; >;>; =C^H=C; =IGI ] I JLCH=_JCI >; MOJL?G;=C; >I CHN?L?MM? Je<FC=I HI
?G<;N? ?HNL? I CHN?L?MM? Je<FC=I ? I JLCP;>I BX >? JL?P;F?=?L I Je<FC=I KO?
Ma ] ;JFC=;>I ;I !CL?CNI -e<FC=I < ?MJ?=_@C=IM IO M?D; IM KO? P;F?G Ma J;L;
OG; J;LN? >? OG L;GI >? =?LN; =C^H=C; HIM GIF>?M >I JLCH=_JCI >; =IHNCHO
C>;>? >I M?LPC\I Je<FC=I ; ;NCPC>;>? Je<FC=; ] CHCHN?LLOJN; Ma P?L>;>?CLI

J;L;I!CL?CNI>GCHCMNL;NCPI KO?]MO<
L;GI>I!CL?CNI-e<FC=Ip[90]
"G KO? J?M? ; FC\[I >I CHMCAH? >IONLCH;>IL M?L ;@?N; ;I !CL?CNI >
GCHCMNL;NCPI ; >CPCM[I AL;@;>; ;IM JLCH=_JCIM M[I HINXP?CM L;T[I J?F; KO;F ;
;JLIP?CN;L?GIMH?MN?NaJC=I
-I>?GIM ;@CLG;L ;AIL; ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? PIFN;>IM ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F

*CFCN;L KO? IM JLCH=_JCIM CH@ILG;>IL?M >I L;GI ?MNO>;>I M[I JLIJIMC\d?M
KO? ;FC=?L\;G I MCMN?G; J?H;F A;L;HNCH>I
FB? P;FC>;>? JILKO;HNI <OM=;G ;
FCGCN;\[I >? M?O ?MJ?=NLI >? CH=C>^H=C; ?G JF?H; =IH=;N?H;\[I =IG OG
!CL?CNI -?H;F GI>?LHI ;FCHB;>I =IG I "MN;>I 0I=C;F ? !?GI=LXNC=I >?

!CL?CNI 0[I JICM P?L>;>?CL;M A;L;HNC;M ; FCGCN;L I ?R?L=_=CI >I jus puniendi
L;T[I JIL KO? M?O ?MNO>I M? GIMNL; ?MM?H=C;F Y =IGJL??HM[I =IHN?GJILZH?;
>I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGI OG NI>I 1;G<]G HI !CL?CNI -?H;F I<PC;G?HN?
JI>? I=ILL?L I =IH@FCNI >? JLCH=_JCIM KO;H>I >; G?MG; @ILG; >I ?RJIMNI
CHC=C;FG?HN? H?MN? NaJC=I L?=IHB?=?L?GIM ;J?H;M ; JL?P;F^H=C; >? OG >?F?M
MI<L? I IONLI G;M H[I L?=IHB?=?L?GIM ; CHP;FC>;>? >;KO?F? H[I JL?P;F?
=?HN?HI=;MI=IH=L?NI
!? =?LN; @ILG; IM JLCH=_JCIM FCGCN;>IL?M >I >CL?CNI >? JOHCL ?H=IH
NL;G M?O H;M=?>IOLI >? @ILG; CGJF_=CN; IO ?RJF_=CN; H; IHMNCNOC\[I

#?>?L;F HILG;
AOC;>?NI>IIIL>?H;G?HNIDOL_>C=I
3?D;GIM M?G G;CM >?FIHA;M IM JLCH=CJ;CM JLCH=_JCIM FCGCN;>IL?M

=IGMO;MJ?=OFC;LC>;>?M=IH=?LH?HN?M;I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L

7.4. -LCH=_JCIMFCGCN;>IL?M>I jus puniendi HI!CL?CNI-?H;F

*CFCN;L
7.4.1-/&+ v-&,!)"$)&!!"
*OCNIM ?HN?H>?G ?MN? JLCH=_JCI m JLCH=_JCI GIHIP;F?HN? A?L;F JIL
KO;HNI ;N?H>? ;I !CL?CNI -e<FC=I IH>? M? FI=;FCT; I !CL?CNI -?H;F m =IGI

MCHbHCGI >I JLCH=_JCI >; L?M?LP; F?A;F ,ONLIM DX ?HN?H>?G ?MN? =IHN?H>I
;KO?F? M?H>I ;=IGJ;HB;>I J?F; CLL?NLI;NCPC>;>? >; F?C J?H;F *?FBIL ?R
JFC=;H>I J;L; GOCNIM L?M?LP; F?A;F M? =IH@OH>? =IG F?A;FC>;>? J;L; IONLIM
N;HNIM ; L?M?LP; F?A;F ] OG JLCH=_JCI G;CIL =IGJIMNI J?F; F?A;FC>;>? ? J?F;
CLL?NLI;NCPC>;>?
1IG?G
M? CHC=C;FG?HN? ;M FC\d?M >? CN?H=IOLN KO? ;@CLG; KO? I
oJLCH=_JCI >; F?A;FC>;>? IO >; L?M?LP; F?A;F =IHMNCNOC OG; P?L>;>?CL; FCGCN
;\[I >I JI>?L JOHCNCPI ?MN;N;Fp[91] =IHM;AL;>I JIL #?O?L<;=B HI CH_=CI >I
M]=OFI 5&5 J?F; @aLGOF; F;NCH; nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege +CNC
>;G?HN? J;L; I =;LI G?MNL? ; >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? F?A;FC>;>? ? CLL?NLI;NCPC>;>? ]

>?MH?=?MMXLC; JI>?H>I ;G<IM IM JLCH=_JCIM M?L =IH>?HM;>IM HI >CMJIMNI HI
CH=CMI 555&5 >I ;LN I >; IHMNCNOC\[I C>;>[ NL;HM=LCNI HI ;LN I >I
-*
ILCA?G >?MM? JLCH=_JCI HI ?HN;HNI ] GOCNI ;HN?LCIL ; #?O?L<;=B

"G CGJ;AXP?F ?PIFO\[I BCMNaLC=; ?G<IL; ;JIHN? I >CMM?HMI MI<L? ; KO?MN[I
H>L] 3CHC=COM >? FG?C>; =IHMCAH; KO? I JLCH=_JCI ?G ?MNO>I oN?P? ILCA?G
CFOGCHCMN; L?=?<?H>I @ILGOF;\[I ?G MO; CHN?CL?T; J?F;M J;F;PL;M >? 'IBH
)I=E? 0?AOH>I 1L;N;>I MI<L? I $IP?LHI CPCF ? MI<L?NO>I >? ?M;L? IH
?MM;H; I *;LKO^M >? ?==;LC; !IM >?FCNIM ? >;M -?H;Mp[92] ? ;CH>; KO?
N;F JLCH=_JCI L?MNIO JIMCNCP;>I ?G PXLCIM >CJFIG;M F?A;CM ; ?R?GJFI >I Bill
of Rights >; IHMNCNOC\[I ;G?LC=;H; ? >; !?=F;L;\[I >IM !CL?CNIM >I
%IG?G?>I C>;>[I[93]
-L?@?LCGIM HI ?HN;HNI M?AOCL I G?MNL? )OCT )OCMC J;L; KO?G I

JLCH=_JCI >; F?A;FC>;>? ?G P?LN?HN? =IHN?GJILZH?; >?M>I<L;
M? ?G NL^M

JIMNOF;>IM ; M;<?L L?M?LP; F?A;F >?N?LGCH;\[I N;R;NCP; ? CLL?NLI;NCPC>
;>?[94]
!? @;NI I JLCH=_JCI >; F?A;FC>;>? J;L?=? G?L?=?L I >?MFCH>? ;J
L?M?HN;>I >?CGJILNZH=C;CH>CM=ON_P?F?>?=IGJL??HM[IMCGJF?M
&HC=C;FG?HN? =IG;H>; ; L?M?LP; F?A;F IO M?D; I @;NI >? KO? Ma ; F?C
JI>? =IGJILN;L =IH>ON;M JOH_P?CM ?G ZG<CNI J?H;F F?C ;KOC =IGJL??H>C>;

=IGI PIHN;>? >I F?ACMF;>IL L?JL?M?HN;HN? F?A_NCGI KO? ] >I JIPI J;L;
>?M=I<LCLIM<?HMDOL_>C=I
J?H;CM;M?L?GNON?F;>IM
0O; ;JFC=;\[I CGJILN; JIL IONLI ?H@IKO? ; P?>;\[I >? I -I>?L "R
?=ONCPI IO I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI M? CGCM=O_L?G H; @OH\[I =LCGCH;FCT;>IL; ;I

G?MGI N?GJI KO? I<MN; ; ONCFCT;\[I >? IONLIM H;M=?>IOLIM ;F]G >; F?C reserva absoluta ; ?R?GJFI >IM =IMNOG?M ? >; ;H;FIAC; Ma ;>GCNC>; in
bonam partem J?H;M ; F?C ?G IONL;M J;F;PL;M JI>? P?LM;L MI<L? G;N]LC;
J?H;F &HN?L?MM;HN? =IHMNLO\[I HIM NL;T $OCFB?LG? >? 0IOT; +O==C ;I ;@CLG
;L KO? ;I M? =IGJL??H>?L KO? MIG?HN? ; F?C JI>? P?LM;L MI<L? G;N]LC; J?H;F
HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN & >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F m KO? L?MM;FN?
M? @CLG; ;
=IGJ?N^H=C; JLCP;NCP; >; 2HC[I G;M KO? JI>? M?L >?F?A;>; ;IM "MN;>IM
*?G<LIM JIL F?C =IGJF?G?HN;L G;L=;H>I OG; =;L;=N?L_MNC=; J?=OFC;L >?

HIMM; #?>?L;\[I >;>; MO; @ILG; >? ILCA?G =?HNL_@OA;[95] m ?MM; JIMMC<CF
C>;>? H[I M? L?MNLCHA? ;J?H;M Y F?C IL>CHXLC; ;=?CN;H>I

M? N;G<]G KO? OG;
F?C =IGJF?G?HN;L P?LM? MI<L? F?C J?H;F =IGI ;FCXM I=ILL? =IG I ;LN >;
)?C IGJF?G?HN;L H KO? CH=LCGCH; ; PCIF;\[I >?M;ONILCT;>; >I
MCACFI>;MIJ?L;\d?M@CH;H=?CL;M[96]
,<PC;G?HN? ?MM; L?M?LP; F?A;F ;NCHA? N;G<]G ;M J?H;M GOCNI ?G
<IL;B;D;>IONLCH;?GM?HNC>IIJIMNI
N;R;NCPC>;>?[97] IO >?N?LGCH;\[I N;R;NCP; =IGI ?RJd? )OCT

)OCMC JIL M?O NOLHI ?RCA? OG; N]=HC=; NI>; ?MJ?=C;F >I F?ACMF;>IL ;I =IH
M;AL;L IM NCJIM J?H;CM "MM; N]=HC=; M? ?PC>?H=C; J?F; =IHMNLO\[I >? NCJIM ;<
MNL;NIM >IN;>IM >? =F;L?T; =?LN?T; ? JL?=CM[I ?PCN;H>I

M? JICM ?RJL?MMd?M ?
J;F;PL;M P;A;M ? ;G<_AO;M F;L;G?HN? ?H=IHNL;GIM F?M[I ; ?MM; ;=?J\[I >I
JLCH=_JCI >; F?A;FC>;>? HI NCJI J?H;F >?M=LCNI HI ;LN >I
a>CAI -?H;F

*CFCN;L KO? NL;T I >?FCNI >? CHI<M?LPZH=C; >? F?C L?AOF;G?HNI ? CHMNLO\[I H;
M?AOCHN? IL>?G o!?CR;L HI ?R?L=_=CI >? @OH\[I >? I<M?LP;L F?C L?AOF;
G?HNI IO CHMNLO\[I >;H>I =;OM; >CL?N; Y JLXNC=; >? ;NI JL?DO>C=C;F Y ;>GCH
CMNL;\[I GCFCN;Lp -CIL ;CH>; I JL?=?CNI M?=OH>XLCI NL;T ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >?

JLXNC=; >IFIM; IO =OFJIM; IGI M? J?L=?<? I NCJI J?H;F ?G @I=I JIMMOC OG;
>?M=LC\[I N_JC=; N[I ;<L;HA?HN? KO? JIMMC<CFCN; ?HKO;>L;L KO;M? NO>I =IGI
=LCG? >? CHI<M?LPZH=C; >? F?C L?AOF;G?HNI IO CHMNLO\[I >? OG MCGJF?M ;N
L;M;>I J;L; I M?LPC\I ;N] ; H[I I<M?LPZH=C; >? OG; L?AL; >? M?AOL;H\; KO?
=;OM; >;HI Y J?MMI; IO ;I J;NLCGbHCI F?P;H>I ; CH?R;NC>[I N_JC=; ; ?PC>?HN?
F?M[I Y >?N?LGCH;\[I N;R;NCP; ? JIL =IHM?KO^H=C; ;I JLCH=_JCI >;
F?A;FC>;>?
CLL?NLI;NCPC>;>?[98] JIL @CG ] M?G >ePC>; =IGI ;MMCH;F; )OCT

)OCMC[99] =IGJF?G?HNI >; L?M?LP; F?A;F JILKO;HNI ?RCA? ; ;NO;FC>;>? >; F?C
J;L; KO? JIMM; MOLNCL =IHM?KO^H=C;M "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M ; F?C J?H;F ?G L?
AL; JI>?;F=;H\;LN[IMa@;NIM;?F;MOJ?LP?HC?HN?M
IGI DX M;<?GIM BX ?R=?\d?M J;L; ; CLL?NLI;NCPC>;>? =IGI ; L?N
LI;\[I>; lex mitior ?; abolitio criminis KO?PIFN;L?GIM;;H;FCM;L
OGJL? ;MMCH;F;L KO? ; KO?MN[I =IH=?LH?HN? ;I JLCH=_JCI >; F?A;F
C>;>? =IGJILN; IONL;M ;<IL>;A?HM =IH@ILG? ?HMCH; #L;H=CM=I >? MMCM

1IF?>I ;I >?M>I<LX
FI H; ?RCA^H=C; >? OG; lex praevia lex scripta lex
stricta ? lex certa[100]. V >? HIN;L KO? ; ;<IL>;A?G ?M<I\;>; J?F;M FC\d?M
>? )OCMC =IGJILN; I >?M>I<L;G?HNI >? MMCM 1IF?>I H; G?>C>; ?G KO? ; lex
stricta ? ; lex certa ;@?C\I;G
M? Y >?N?LGCH;\[I N;R;NCP; ;I J;MMI KO? ; lex
praevia ?H=IHNL; GIL;>; H; CLL?NLI;NCPC>;>? ? ; lex scripta =IGJd? ; L?
M?LP;F?A;F P?>;H>I
M?I!CL?CNI=IMNOG?CLI
-IL >?LL;>?CLI CGJILN; HIN;L KO? ; ;JFC=;<CFC>;>? >?MN? JLCH=_JCI
HI!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;LI=ILL?N;FKO;FHI!CL?CNI-?H;F=IGOG
7.4.2. -/&+ v-&,!&+1"/3"+Uk,*v+&*

F?A;FC>;>? >? @;NI FCGCN; I jus puniendi JIL]G H[I ;@;MN; ; JIM
MC<CFC>;>? >? =IGCH;\d?M J?H;CM ;<MOL>;M ? >?MH?=?MMXLC;M V JL?=CMI JICM

IONLI HILN? ; FCGCN;L I ?R?L=_=CI >I JI>?L >? JOHCL ?HM?D;H>I ; ?R;FN;\[I >I
JLCH=_JCI >; CHN?LP?H\[I G_HCG; I KO;F H[I JIMMOC ?RJL?MM; JL?PCM[I =IH
MNCNO=CIH;F G;M CH@?L?

M? >; CHPCIF;<CFC>;>? >; FC<?L>;>? ?RJL?MM; HI caput
>I ;LN I >; # ? >I L?MJ?CNI Y >CAHC>;>? >; J?MMI; BOG;H; =IHMCAH;>I
=IGI @OH>;G?HNI >; /?Je<FC=; #?>?L;NCP; >I L;MCF HIM N?LGIM >I CH=CMI
&&&>I;LN I >?HIMM; Grundnorm[101].
JL?M?HN;
M? ?MM? JLCH=_JCI N;G<]G GIHIP;F?HN? G;M >? ;J
FC=;\[I L?MNLCN; ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F ?MJ?=_@C=I[102] MI< =IHIN;\[I <CJ;LNC>;
KO? J?LGCN? ;@CLG;L KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F ] @L;AG?HNXLCI ? MO<MC>CXLCI ;IM >?
G;CML;GIM>I!CL?CNI
!? @;NI ; CHN?LP?H\[I J?H;F ] JIL >?G;CM AL;PIM; ? MIG?HN? >?P?

M?L ?@?NCP;>; JLCG?CLI J;L; =IHN?GJF;L <?HM DOL_>C=IM >? HINXP?F L?F?PZH=C;
m fragmentariedade m ? H; M?KO^H=C; KO;H>I @;FB;L?G ;M >?G;CM @?LL;
G?HN;MDOL_>C=;M>?=IHNLIF?MI=C;Fm subsidiariedade
JLIJaMCNI >; fragmentariedade CH>CHA DX ;MMCH;F;P; KO? I

!CL?CNI -?H;F oH[I ?H=?LL; OG MCMN?G; ?R;OMNCPI >? JLIN?\[I ; <?HM DOL_>C
=IM G;M OG MCMN?G; >?M=IHN_HOI >? CF_=CNIM >?=ILL?HN?M >; H?=?MMC>;>? >?
=LCGCH;FCTX
FIM JILM?L?MN?IG?CICH>CMJ?HMXP?F>?NON?F;DOL_>C=;p[103]
, !CL?CNI -?H;F =IG ?@?CNI H[I JI>? M?LPCL >? @?LL;G?HN; JLIN?N
IL; ; NI>IM IM <?HM DOL_>C=IM G;M MIG?HN? YKO?F?M KO? JIMMO;G >CAHC>;>?
J?H;F KO?;N?H>;G;I=LCN]LCI>I merecimento de pena
FC=? C;H=BCHC ;I >CM=ONCL I G?L?=CG?HNI >? J?H; KO? ;FAOHM <?HM
DOL_>C=IM JI>?G >?G;H>;L ?HMCH; =CN;H>I CHC=C;FG?HN? F<?LNI 7;=B;LC;M

1ILIH KO? oI JLCH=_JCI >; CHN?LP?H\[I G_HCG; qN?G M?O He=F?I ; J;LNCL >;
P?LC@C=;\[I >I AL;O KO? I <CHbGCI qMO<MC>C;LC?>;>?@L;AG?HN;LC?>;>?r ;M
MOG?rp[104] ? JLIMM?AO? ?H=IHNL;H>I OG; FCA;\[I _HNCG; >I JLCH=_JCI ?G

;JL?\I =IG I JLCH=_JCI >; ?R=FOMCP; JLIN?\[I >? <?HM DOL_>C=IM M?AOH>I I
KO;F MIG?HN? <?HM >? ?RNL?G; P;FC; >?P?G G?L?=?L ; ;N?H\[I >I F?ACMF;>IL
J?H;F !?HNLI >; ?R=FOMCP; JLIN?\[I >? <?HM DOL_>C=IM ?HOG?L; =IGI FOT?M ;

AOC;L ; ;NCPC>;>? >I F?ACMF;>IL IM JLCH=_JCIM do pluralismo e da subcultura m

L?MJ?CNI Y =I?RCMN^H=C; >?GI=LXNC=; >? NI>IM IM ALOJIM MI=C;CM m da liberdade e da tolerncia m KO? ?R;FN;G ; JL?I=OJ;\[I =IG ; GXRCG; FC<?L>;>?
CH>CPC>O;F m ? da no proteo de valores morais m KO? M? ;JL?MM; ; ?PCN;L
KO? IM =B;G;>IM o>?MPCIM >? =IH>ON;p M?D;G =LCGCH;FCT;>IM eHC=; ? N[I
MIG?HN?JILH[IM?L?GC>^HNC=IM;I=IGJILN;G?HNI>;G;CILC;[105]
, MCGJF?M G?L?=CG?HNI >? J?H; ?HNL?N;HNI FCGCN;>I Y ?R=FOMCP;
JLIN?\[I >? <?HM DOL_>C=IM H[I <;MN; J;L; KO? M? ILC?HN? ; ;NCPC>;>? F?ACM
F;NCP; H; >C@_=CF N;L?@; >? =LCGCH;FCT;L =IH>ON;M *;CM ;CH>; ] JL?=CMI KO?
B;D; H?=?MMC>;>? >? CHN?LP?H\[I J?H;F IO M?D; ] JL?=CMI KO? ; M;H\[I J?H;F
M?D; I eHC=I G?CI ?@C=;T Y NON?F; >I <?G DOL_>C=I =IG >CAHC>;>? J?H;F +?MM?
JIHNI ?G GOCNI M? ;JLIRCG; ; @L;AG?HN;LC?>;>? >; MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? JIL
KO;HNI M? L?=IHB?=? ;CH>; KO? >? @ILG; JL?=I=? H; @L;AG?HN;LC?>;>? ; CH
?@C=X=C;>?IONLIML?G]>CIM
,<PC;G?HN? ; >IONLCH; BI>C?LH; JL?I=OJ;
M? =IG ; BCJ?LNLI@C; >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F ;F;P;H=;>I JIL L?=?HN?M @;NIM =IGI I DX =CN;>I ;N;KO? N?L
LILCMN; ;I World Trade Center ? J?F; NI;>; CGJIMN; J?FIM GIPCG?HNIM >? F?C
? IL>?G KO? L?=IHB?=?G HI !CL?CNI -?H;F H[I ; ultima ratio G;M ; prima
ratio IO; sola ratio
KO?MN[I NI>;PC; H[I ] L?=?HN? ? DX L?=F;G; ; JL?I=OJ;\[I >?M>?

BXGOCNI =IGI?HMCH;IJL;HN?;>I)OCT)OCMC[106]
HIMMI P?L I JLCH=_JCI >; CHN?LP?H\[I G_HCG; =IGJF?G?HN; I

=;LXN?L MO<MC>CXLCI >I !CL?CNI -?H;F NL;>OTC>I J?F; =IHMN;N;\[I >? KO? ;J?H
;M ; CHN?LP?H\[I J?H;F ] ?@C=C?HN? H; JLIN?\[I >? >?N?LGCH;>IM <?HM DOL_>C
=IM IGI DX ;@CLG;GIM ;KOC J;L?=? KO? ; MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? M? OH? Y @L;A
G?HN;LC?>;>? JILKO;HNI M? ;P?LCAO; N;HNI FX =IGI =X ; L?;F H?=?MMC>;>? >?

NON?F;J?H;F
V H?=?MMXLCI L?MM;FN;L KO? ?MM; ;<IL>;A?G H[I ] J;=_@C=; H;
>IONLCH; H[I ?H=IHNL;H>I ?=I JIL ?R?GJFI ?G ?T;L /I<?LNI CN?H=IOLN
KO? =IHMC>?L; ; MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? G;HC@?MN;\[I >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHN?LP?H\[I

G_HCG; ? ; @L;AG?HN;LC?>;>? OG JLCH=_JCI ;ONbHIGI =IGI =ILIFXLCI >;

CHN?LP?H\[IG_HCG;?>;F?A;FC>;>?[107]
IHP]G ;CH>; =CN;L KO? BX KO?G ?HR?LAO? ; H?=?MMC>;>? >; NON?F;

J?H;F =IGI OG; M?AOH>; ?N;J; >I JLI=?MMI >? =LCGCH;FCT;\[I >? =IH>ON;M
-;L; FC=? C;H=BCHC ; H?=?MMC>;>? ] NC>; =IGI OG JLCH=_JCI ;ONbHIGI IO
MO<JLCH=_JCI>IJLCH=_JCI>;JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>?
!I ?RJIMNI N?GIM ?G =IH=FOM[I KO? ; CHN?LP?H\[I G_HCG; M?D;

KO;F @IL ; ;<IL>;A?G ;>IN;>; =IH@CAOL;
M? CGJILN;HN? JLCH=_JCI FCGCN;>IL
>I >CL?CNI JOHCNCPI >I "MN;>I G;HC@?MN;H>I
M? HI GIG?HNI >I JLI=?MMI >?
=LCGCH;FCT;\[I
&GJILN; M;FC?HN;L ;>?G;CM KO? ; =B;G;>; CH@F;\[I F?ACMF;NCP; ]

=IG<;NC>; =IG JLI=?MMIM IJIMNIM =;JCN;H?;>IM J?F; >IONLCH; J?H;F NL;>OT
C>IM J?F; >?MJ?H;FCT;\[I[108] >?M=LCGCH;FCT;\[I[109] ? N;G<]G J?FI >?
M;JLCMCIH;G?HNI[110]
V PCN;F ;AIL; ;P;FC;L I CGJ;=NI >I JLCH=_JCI sub examine HI

!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L IHMC>?L;H>I CHC=C;FG?HN? M?L OG JLCH=_JCI ; CH
@ILG;L I F?ACMF;>IL >?P?

M? N?L ?G G?HN? KO? MO; ONCFC>;>? M? >X ;HN?M >;
JIMCNCP;\[I>;PIHN;>?F?ACMF;NCP;
IG ?@?CNI ; HCHAO]G CHN?L?MM; OG !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L @IL; >?
JLIJIL\d?M ; ;F=;H\;L NI>IM IM @;NIM IHNO>I CHPI=;L I GCHCG;FCMGI HI

GIG?HNI >; =LCGCH;FCT;\[I >? =IH>ON;M ?G M?;L; =;MNL?HM? L?KO?L =OC>;>I
G;CIL N?H>I?G=IHN;I<?GDOL_>C=I
J?H;FGCFCN;L
3;F? >CT?L I F?ACMF;>IL >?P?LX N?L ?G G?HN? IONLIM =LCN]LCIM CH@FO
?H=C;>IL?M >; =LCGCH;FCT;\[I =IGI m ? JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? m I <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F GCFCN;L >; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M H; <OM=; >IM I<D?N
CPIM ; ?F;M =IH@?LC>IM J?F; JLaJLC; ;LN; C>;>[ H;M=?>IOLI J?F;M N?ILC;M
=IHMNCNO=CIH;CM >;>CAHC>;>?>IM<?HM;M?L?GNON?F;>IMJ?FI!CL?CNI-?H;F
-;L; >?HIN;L ; >C@?L?H\; >? ;JFC=;<CFC>;>? >?MN? JLCH=_JCI HI
!CL?CNI ;MNL?HM? NIG?GIM =IGI ?R?GJFI I JLCH=_JCI >; no proteo de

valores morais ?HOG?L;>I JIL FC=? C;H=BCHC -IL ?F? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;F ] ;

=LCGCH;FCT;\[I >? =IH>ON;M I@?HMCP;M ; P;FIL?M GIL;CM KO? H[I >?HIN?G

LCM=I ;I =IHP_PCI MI=C;F M;>CI 0I< ?MM? JLCMG; ; =LCGCH;FCT;\[I >I BIGIM
M?RO;FCMGI M?LC; CGJL;NC=XP?F I KO? =IFI=;LC; ?G >ePC>; ; =IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>
;>?>I;LN>I -*
&H=OLMCIH;H>I HI L;=CI=_HCI >I F?ACMF;>IL J?H;F GCFCN;L ?HNL?N;HNI
>?P?
M? HIN;L CHC=C;FG?HN? KO? I NCJI J?H;F =LCGCH;FCT; H[I Ma ; L?F;\[I BI
GIMM?RO;F G;MN;G<]G=IG;G?MG;P??G^H=C;;B?N?LIMM?RO;F
JLCG?CL; G?HM;A?G ?HN[I ] ; >? KO? I =LCG? H[I <OM=; ;F=;H\;L

OG; L?F;\[I BIGIMM?RO;F G;M KO;FKO?L L?F;\[I M?RO;F JL;NC=;>; CHNL;GOLIM
m ?MN? ] I M?AOH>I ;MJ?=NI CGJILN;HN? +[I M? =LCGCH;FCT; JILN;HNI I BI
GIMM?RO;FCMGI G;M ; JLIGCM=OC>;>? HI CHN?LCIL >IM KO;LN]CM CH?KOCPI=;
G?HN?JL?DO>C=C;FY>CM=CJFCH;>I ILJI>?1LIJ;
"G IONL;M J;F;PL;M I F?ACMF;>IL J?H;F GCFCN;L @IC GOCNI @?FCT ?G

<OM=;L P?>;L ; JLIGCM=OC>;>? HI CHN?LCIL >IM KO;LN]CM M? H[I @IMM? =IC<C>;
JI>?LC; A?L;L OG; MCNO;\[I N;F >? =OGJFC=C>;>? KO? M?LC; J?LHC=CIM; Y
>CM=CJFCH; 1ON?FIO
M? >?MM? GI>I H[I OG P;FIL GIL;F G;M OG L?;F <?G
DOL_>C=I>CAHI>?MM;NON?F;
V P?L>;>? KO? I ;=?LNI ?G >?M=L?P?L ; =IH>ON; H[I I ;=IGJ;HBIO
HI GIG?HNI >? JIMC=CIH;L NIJIAL;@C=;G?HN? I NCJI J?H;F KO? M? ?H=IHNL;
?HNL?IM=LCG?MM?RO;CM IKO??MJ?L;GIMM?D;=ILLCAC>I<L?P?G?HN?
+I KO? =IH=?LH? ;I ;JFC=;>IL >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L m FCGCN;H>I
M? ;I L?JL?M?HN;HN? >I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I ? ;I G;ACMNL;>I m ; CHPI=;\[I

>?MG?>C>; >; CHN?LP?H\[I G_HCG;[111] ] CH=ILL?N; JILKO;HNI ?MN;LC; ?F?
?RNL;JIF;H>I ?G M?O GCMN?L IO M?D; ?MN;LC; F?ACMF;H>I 0IG?G
M? ; ?MM? ;L
AOG?HNI IONLIM =LCN]LCIM ; CH@FO?H=C;L ; >?=CM[I =IGI finalidade da pena

?G!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
"G IONLIM N?LGIM P;F? >CT?L KO? I IJ?L;>IL >I !CL?CNI >?P?LX HI
GIG?HNI >? ;JFC=;L ; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L =OC>;L J;L; KO? H[I M? ;@;MN? ; JL?
P?H\[I A?L;F JIMCNCP; NOL<;H>I ;MMCG ; =IGJL??HM[I JIL NI>IM G;M JLCH
=CJ;FG?HN?J?FI ILJI>?1LIJ; >;HILG;?>IMP;FIL?MH?F;=IHNC>IM

+IMM; JIMNOL; N;HNI ?G L?F;\[I ;I F?ACMF;>IL J?H;F GCFCN;L =IGI HI

KO? =IH=?LH? ;I ;JFC=;>IL >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L JIL G;CM CHN?LP?H=CIHCMN; KO?
JIMM; J;L?=?L ?H=IHNL; =IGI DX >?GIHMNL;>I AO;LC>; HIM JL?=?CNIM =IH
MNCNO=CIH;CM ? MCAHC@C=; JIL J;L;>IR;F KO? M? ;JL?M?HN? ; ?R;FN;\[I >? OG

>CL?CNI JLIN?NIL >I =C>;>[I A;L;HNCMN; ?G MO; ?MM^H=C; OG; P?T KO? PCM; ;
I<MN;L I ;L<_NLCI >? ;A?HN?M ; M?LPC\I >I "MN;>I ?G NOL<;L P;FIL?M @OH>;G?H
N;CM>;MI=C?>;>?
7.4.3. -/&+ v-&,!&+0&$+&#& s+ &
/?MJ?CN;H>I ;M =IHMNLO\d?M ?G M?HNC>I IJIMNI ?HN?H>?GIM I

JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; ;JFC=XP?F MIG?HN? HI !CL?CNI -?H;F[112] =IGI
>?M>I<L;G?HNI >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHN?LP?H\[I G_HCG; JIL]G ;@?NI >CL?N;
G?HN? Y NCJC=C>;>? ? JILN;HNI @ILN? CHMNLOG?HNI H;M G[IM >I ;JFC=;>IL >;
F?CJ?H;F
OHB;>I J?F; JLCG?CL; P?T JIL F;OM /IRCH ?G [113] H; CH
N?FCA^H=C; >?MN? JLCH=_JCI =B?A;

M? Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? H?G NI>; =IH>ON; ]
>IN;>; >; F?MCPC>;>? H?=?MMXLC; J;L; G?L?=?L L?JLCG?H>; J?H;F Nullum crimen sine iniuria IO M?D; H[I BX =LCG? M?G KO? B;D; I >;HI >CAHI >? L?
JLIP;\[I ;I<?GDOL_>C=I
!?MM; @ILG; ] @X=CF HIN;L ; KO?MN[I >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; @OF=L;

M?
MI<L?NO>I HI <?G DOLC>C=;G?HN? NON?F;>I H[I ?G L?F;\[I Y >CAHC>;>? >I
<?G DX ;JL?=C;>; J?FI F?ACMF;>IL G;M HI KO? N;HA? Y ?RN?HM[I >I >;HI JLI
PI=;>I J?F; =IH>ON; ;I <?G DOL_>C=I FCXM MI<L? ?MM; KO?MN[I

G;HC@?MN;GI
HIM;=CG; KO;H>I>;>CM=OMM[I>I<?GDOL_>C=I
J?H;FGCFCN;L
Prima facie I ;N?H=CIMI ?MNO>CIMI DX C>?HNC@C=;LC; KO? ; ;JFC=;\[I

HO; ? =LO; >?MN? JLCH=_JCI F?P;LC; ; MCNO;\d?M CH;>GCMM_P?CM =IGI Y H[I JOH
C\[I>;N?HN;NCP; IKO?L?=IG?H>;GOCN;=;ON?F;?GMO;?R;FN;\[I
.O?MN[I ; M?L >CM=ONC>; >CT L?MJ?CNI Y ?R=FOM[I >I =LCG? IO M?D;
KO;F @?LL;G?HN; >?P? M?L OM;>; J;L; ;@;MN;L ; CHN?LP?H\[I J?H;F ?G @;=? >?
OG; =IH>ON; CHMCAHC@C=;HN? L?MJIMN; ?MNX F;MNL;>; H; NCJC=C>;>?

?HN?H>?H>I ; =IH>ON; >?M=LCN; HI NCJI ;<MNL;NI =IGI ;KO?F; JL?MOGC>;
G?HN? F?MCP; I MO@C=C?HN? HI DO_TI >I F?ACMF;>IL J;L; A?L;L ; L?JL?MM[I =LCG
CH;F @C=;H>I ;M IONL;M KO? H[I ;F=;H\;L?G N;F F?MCPC>;>? @IL; >; MO<MOH\[I
"G =IH=FOM[I Y FOT >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; ; =IH>ON; H[I >IN;>; >?
F?MCPC>;>?M?LC;;N_JC=;
V JIMM_P?F >;L IONL; LIOJ;A?G ; ?MM?M JIMNOF;>IM MI< ; @ILG; >I
princpio da ofensividade ;@?NI Y M?F?\[I >I <?G DOL_>C=I

J?H;F IO G?FBIL
Y M?F?\[I >; =IH>ON; F?MCP; I <;MN;HN? J;L; M?L =LCGCH;FCT;>; J?FI F?ACMF;>IL
+?MM; =ILL?HN? =IHAL;\;>; JIL FC=? C;H=BCHC ; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; >; F?M[I
MI< ; @ILG; >I JLCH=_JCI >; I@?HMCPC>;>? >?P? JLCG?CLI CH@ILG;L ; ;NCPC>;>?
=LCGCH;FCT;>IL; M? JIL]G ; oqI<L; >I F?ACMF;>IL M? NL;>OTCL ?G OG; @ILGO
F;\[I =IG JIMM_P?CM ? GeFNCJFIM MCAHC@C=;>IM FCN?L;CM KO? ;<;LKO?G >? N;F
MILN? N;G<]G =IGJILN;G?HNIM H[I F?MCPIM H?G J?LCAIMIM J;L; I <?G
DOL_>C=I ; JLIN?A?L =;<?LX ;I CHN]LJL?N? A;L;HNCL IM >CL?CNIM >? FC<?L>;>? >I
=C>;>[I L?=IH>OTCH>I ; L?JL?MM[I J?H;F ;IM FCGCN?M ?MN;<?F?=C>IM J?FI
JLCH=_JCI >; I@?HMCPC>;>?r !IF=CHC *;LCHO==C J +?MN? eFNCGI
;MJ?=NI DX M? >CMM? I JLCH=_JCI M?LP? =IGI L?M?LP; >? FCGCN;\[I >I ius
puniendip[114]
!?P?
M? JIL >?LL;>?CLI ;P?LCAO;L M? I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C;
JI>? CH@ILG;L N;G<]G I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L L?MJIMN; ?G M?HNC>I ;@CLG
;NCPIIOH?A;NCPI G?L?=?;N;KO?ML?F?P;HN?M
;MI H[I I ;>GCN;GIM ?MN;L?GIM OM;H>I @?LL;G?HN; GOC AL;P?

J;L; MIFO\[I >? <;A;N?F;M =IGI HI DX =CN;>I J?=OF;NI J?FI @OLNI >? JIO=;M
@IFB;M>?J;J?FMOF@CN?
-IL IONLI F;>I JI>? M?L >?@?H>C>I KO? M? I CH=ILJIL;LGIM ;I
!CL?CNI ;MNL?HM? ?MN;L?GIM >IN;H>I I ;JFC=;>IL >; F?C >? OG JI>?L KO? H[I
FB? =;<? IO M?D; I >? F?ACMF;L >?G;CM @IG?HN;L_;GIM I ?MKO?=CG?HNI >;
L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M >? ;=IL>I =IG I KO? MOMN?HN;GIM ;I
NL;N;L >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHN?LP?H\[I G_HCG; CH=?HNCP;H>I ; @;F^H=C; >; JL?
P?H\[IA?L;FJIMCNCP;

HaM HIM J;L?=? N?L I JLCH=_JCI ?G ;JL?\I ;JFC=;\[I L?F;NCP; @C=
;H>I ;I DOAI >I IJ?L;>IL GILG?HN? I DOCT ;JFC=X

FI KO;H>I ; F?C
;N?H>?H>I ;I =LCN]LCI >; MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? >?CR;L ;I >CM=LC=CIH;LCMGI >I G;
ACMNL;>I CHPI=;L ; <;A;N?F; =IGI HI =;MI >I g I >I ;LN >I -* +?MM?
JIHNI ; MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? ;MJ?=NI >; CHN?LP?H\[I G_HCG; M?LC; M?KO?H=C;>;
;AIL;J?FI;JFC=;>IL>;F?C J?FIJLCH=_JCI>;CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C;
;JFC=;\[I @IL; >;M JIMMC<CFC>;>?M F?A;CM ?RJL?MM;M N;G<]G HIM
J;L?=? JIMM_P?F =IHNO>I >?P?H>I
M? N?L ?G @I=I IM @CHM >I !CL?CNI -?H;F
*CFCN;L H; NON?F; >; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M &HMNCNOC\d?M *CFCN;L?M V I =;MI HIP;
G?HN? =CN;GIM ? L?G?N?GIM I F?CNIL J;L; ; >CM=OMM[I ;=?L=; >I <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F GCFCN;L >I J?=OF;NI ?G KO? ; J?LM?=O\[I =LCGCH;F >? OG; =IH>ON; >?
KO?L?F; m =IGI I J?=OF;NI

@OLNI >? OG PC>LI >? >?N?LA?HN? m JI>?LC; ;N]
G?MGI >?MJL?MNCAC;L I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L -IL a<PCI KO? I =LCG? >? J?=O
F;NI JIL M?L =IHNL; ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L NON?F; ; GIL;FC>;>? ;>GCHCM
NL;NCP; ? H[I I J;NLCGbHCI >; CHMNCNOC\[I G;M G?MGI ?G M? ;P;FC;H>I ;

GIL;FC>;>? =B?A;L?GIM Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? I >?MJL?MN_ACI ; ;@?N;\[I >; >
GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L @IC _H@CG; L?=IG?H>;H>I ; H[I ;JFC=;\[I >I !CL?CNI
-?H;F *CFCN;L G?MGI JILKO? m ? ;KOC PIFN;GIM ;I =;LXN?L MO<MC>CXLCI >I

!CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG ? GCFCN;L m ; L?JL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L >I @;NI L?MIFP?LX ;
KO?MN[I ; =IHN?HNI ?PCN;H>I ; L?CH=C>^H=C; JL?P?H\[I ?MJ?=C;F ? ; L?
J?NC\[I>I=IGJILN;G?HNIJ?FINI>IJL?P?H\[IA?L;F
F]G >IM CHN?L?MM;HN?M DOFA;>IM MI<L? I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C;
KO? NLIOR?GIM KO;H>I NL;N;GIM >I <?G DOL_>C=I

J?H;F GCFCN;L J;L; IH>?
L?G?N?GIM I F?CNIL N;G<]G P;F? ; J?H; =IHMOFN;L I JIMC=CIH;G?HNI >I
-L?NaLCI"R=?FMI?GIONLIM=;MIM
&HC=C;GIM =IG OG; >?=CM[I =IG ; KO;F =IH=IL>;GIM ;@?N; ;I
=LCG? >? ;<;H>IHI >? JIMNI ;LN >I -* 0?AOH>; 1OLG; >I 0O
JL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F =;JCN;H?;>; J?FI PINI >; L?F;NIL; ; *CHCMNL; "FF?H
$L;=C? >?=C>CO ?G>?IONO<LI>? HI Habeas Corpus H-/
o!&/"&1, -/, "002) -"+) " -"+) *&)&1/ HABEAS

CORPUS 1&-& &!!" ! ,+!21 /1 -* +!,+, !"

0"/3&U, #)1 !" '201 20 !"+"$Uk, KO?MN[I >? >CL?CNI

NL;N;>; H?MN? writ >CT L?MJ?CNI Y JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? M? L?=IHB?=?L ; ;NCJC=C>;>?
>; =IH>ON; >IM J;=C?HN?M =IG <;M? HI JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; DX KO? @I
L;G >?HOH=C;>IM =IGI CH=OLMIM H;M M;H\d?M >I ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F
*CFCN;L %X N;G<]G N?M? >? @;FN; >? DOMN; =;OM; L?F;NCP;G?HN? ;I J;=C?HN?
KO? HIM N?LGIM >; CHC=C;F >?MN? writ H[I N?LC; J;LNC=CJ;>I IO =IH=ILLC>I
>? ;FAOG GI>I J;L; ; JLXNC=; >I =LCG? /?F;NCP;G?HN? ;I JLCG?CLI @OH>;
G?HNI >; CGJ?NL;\[I >I writ m =IHMCMN?HN? H; ;OM^H=C; >? DOMN; =;OM; J;L; I
L?=?<CG?HNI >; >?HeH=C; m ; G;N]LC; ?HPIFP? ;JL?=C;\[I >? ;=?LPI JLI
<;NaLCI JLI>OTC>I >OL;HN? I CHKO]LCNI ? I JLI=?>CG?HNI ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI >CM
=CJFCH;L M =IH>ON;M >IM J;=C?HN?M @IL;G MO@C=C?HN?G?HN? CH>CPC>O;FCT;
>;M ;I G?HIM J;L; I @CG >? M? =IH=FOCL HI M?HNC>I >I DO_TI JIMCNCPI >? ;>
GCMMC<CFC>;>? >; CGJON;\[I @?CN; H; >?HeH=C; %X MO<MNL;NI @XNC=I

JLI
<;NaLCI MO@C=C?HN? J;L; I CH_=CI ? >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI >; ;\[I J?H;F Je<FC=; >?
@ILG; F?A_NCG; +[I BX >ePC>; >? KO? ; DOMN; =;OM; =ILL?MJIH>? ; OG; >;M
=IH>C\d?M >? JLI=?>C<CFC>;>? J;L; I F?A_NCGI ?R?L=_=CI >I >CL?CNI >? ;\[I
J?H;F +[I I=ILL?H>I I@?HM; ;I <?G DOL_>C=I NON?F;>I J?F; HILG; J?H;F
JIL M?L G_HCG; IO H?HBOG; ; F?M[I BX >? M?L L?=IHB?=C>; ; ?R=FO>?HN? >?
;NCJC=C>;>? L?JL?M?HN;>; J?F; ;JFC=;\[I >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; ,

=IGJILN;G?HNI J;MM; ; M?L =IHMC>?L;>I CLL?F?P;HN? MI< ; J?LMJ?=NCP; >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F >C;HN? >; ;OM^H=C; >? I@?HM; ;I <?G DOL_>C=I JLIN?AC>I ,
@;NI CHMCAHC@C=;HN? IO CLL?F?P;HN? J?H;F ] ?R=FO_>I >? NCJC=C>;>? J?H;F JI
>?H>I JIL a<PCI M?L I<D?NI >? NL;N;G?HNI G;CM ;>?KO;>I ?G IONL;M XL?;M
>I !CL?CNI =IGI CF_=CNI =CPCF IO @;FN; ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; !?PC>I Y MO; H;NOL?T;
?MJ?=C;F I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L JI>? ;<LCA;L I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C;
=IG G;CIL LCAIL M? =IGJ;L;>I ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F IGOG MMCG =IH>ON;M
KO? JI>?G N?ILC=;G?HN? M?L =IHMC>?L;>;M CHMCAHC@C=;HN?M J;L; I !CL?CNI
-?H;F IGOG H[I I M[I J;L; I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L >?PC>I Y H?=?MMC>;>?
>; JL?M?LP;\[I >; >CM=CJFCH; ? BC?L;LKOC; GCFCN;L?M IHMC>?LI KO? IM
P?NIL?M J;L; ;JFC=;\[I >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; m ;OM^H=C; >? J?LC=O
FIMC>;>? MI=C;F >; ;\[I ; G_HCG; I@?HMCPC>;>? >; =IH>ON; >I ;A?HN? ; CH?R
JL?MMCPC>;>? >; F?M[I DOL_>C=; =;OM;>; ? @;FN; >? L?JLIP;<CFC>;>? >; =IH>ON;
m H[I M? L?P?F;G JL?M?HN?M H; BCJaN?M? IL; ?G DOFA;G?HNI IHMI;HN? I

=LCN]LCI >; NCJC=C>;>? G;N?LC;F ? H[I ;J?H;M @ILG;F ?R=FO?G

M? IM @;NIM ?
=IGJILN;G?HNIM L?=IHB?=C>IM =IGI >? <;A;N?F; HIM KO;CM N^G J?L@?CN; ;J
FC=;\[IIJLCH=_JCI>;CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; Habeas corpus >?H?A;>Ip
!? HIN;L KO? ; >?=CM[I supra H[I I<MN; ; ;JFC=;\[I >I JLCH=_JCI >;
CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; HI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L G;M ;J?H;M =IG;H>; OG G;CIL LCA
IL ?G =IGJ;L;\[I ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG J;L; MO; ;JFC=;\[I P?NILCT;>I
J?F; o;OM^H=C; >? J?LC=OFIMC>;>? MI=C;F >; ;\[I ; G_HCG; I@?HMCPC>;>? >;
=IH>ON; >I ;A?HN? ; CH?RJL?MMCPC>;>? >; F?M[I DOL_>C=; =;OM;>; ? @;FN; >?
L?JLIP;<CFC>;>?>;=IH>ON;p
1;G<]G BIOP? ;@;MN;G?HNI >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; ?G
=LCG?M J;NLCGIHC;CM ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? HI @OLNI ;LN >I -* >?MN; P?T

J?F; -LCG?CL; 1OLG; >I 01# +I Habeas Corpus H ?G >?
HIP?G<LI>? MI<;L?F;NILC;>;*CHCMNL; XLG?H)e=C; >?=C>CO
M?
oEMENTA HABEAS CORPUS -"+) #2/1, w!&$, -"+)

*&)&1/ "+0 021/v!,0 ,* 3),/ 02-"/&,/ , !, 0)u/&,
*v+&*,
/&*"
,*"1&!, !"+1/, !" "01")" &*"+1,
*&)&1/ )"$Uk, !" &+ &!t+ & !, -/&+ v-&, !
&+0&$+&#& s+ & &+3&&)&!!" 20t+ & !" /"01&12&Uk, !,0
"+0 -/ 3v1&* -"!&!, !" /" ,+%" &*"+1, !" #2/1,
-/&3&)"$&!, /1 g I !, w!&$, -"+) *&)&1/
&*-,00&&)&!!" HABEAS CORPUS !"+"$!, -;L; ; CH=C>^H=C;
>I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; >?P?G M?L L?F?P;>IM I P;FIL >I I<D?NI >I
=LCG? ? IM ;MJ?=NIM I<D?NCPIM >I @;NI N;CM =IGI ; G_HCG; I@?HMCPC>;>? >;
=IH>ON; >I ;A?HN? ; ;OM^H=C; >? J?LC=OFIMC>;>? MI=C;F >; ;\[I I L?>OTC>I
AL;O >? L?JLIP;<CFC>;>? >I =IGJILN;G?HNI ? ; CH?RJL?MMCPC>;>? >; F?M[I
DOL_>C=; =;OM;>; +I =;MI >IM ;ONIM ?G KO? @IC MO<NL;_>; KO;HNC; MOJ?LCIL
Y >I M;FXLCI G_HCGI ? I >?FCNI @IC JL;NC=;>I >?HNLI >? ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI GCFCN
;L H[I ] >? M? >?M=IHB?=?L ; JL?M?H\; >; I@?HMCPC>;>? ? >; L?JLIP;<CFC>;>?

>I =IGJILN;G?HNI >I -;=C?HN? -;L; I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >? @OLNI JLCPCF?AC
;>I I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?RCA? KO? IM <?HM MO<NL;_>IM M?D;G L?MNCNO_>IM Y
P_NCG; +; ?MJ]=C? P?LN?HN? ?MM? @;NI H[I I=ILL?O =IHMC>?L;H>I
M? KO? IM
<?HM@IL;G;JL??H>C>IM,L>?G>?H?A;>;p

, G?MGI M? P?LC@C=IO N;G<]G H; -LCG?CL; 1OLG; >I 01# HI

Habeas Corpus H *$ DOFA;>I ?G >? DOHBI >? MI< ; L?F;N
ILC;>I*CHCMNLI/C=;L>I)?Q;H>IQMEC
oEMENTA -"+) *&)&1/ HABEAS CORPUS /&*" !"

#2/1, 1"+1!, 021/Uk, !" 2* )-1,- "* -"/1"+ "+1" j
#7"+!
+ &,+)
-/&+ v-&,
!
&+0&$+&#& s+ &
&+-)& &)&!!" !"03),/ ! Uk, " !, /"02)1!, /1

!, w!&$, -"+) *&)&1/ ,/!"* !"+"$! & m ;JFC=;\[I >I
JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C; >? GI>I ; NILH;L ; =IH>ON; ;N_JC=; >?J?H>? >?
KO? ?MN; M?D; ; N;F JIHNI CLL?F?P;HN? KO? H[I M?D; L;TIXP?F ; CGJIMC\[I >;
M;H\[I && m +I =;MI MI< ?R;G? H[I ;J?H;M ; =IH>ON; ;@CAOL;
M? J?H;FG?HN?
L?F?P;HN? =IGI N;G<]G ; res furtiva m OG F;JNIJ J?LN?H=?HN? Y #;T?H>;

+;=CIH;F m ;JL?M?HN; P;FIL ?=I
HIGC=;G?HN? ?RJL?MMCPI &&& m *IMNL;
M?
=;<_P?F H; ?MJ]=C? ; ;JFC=;\[I >I >CMJIMNI HI ;LN gg I ? I >I
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;=IGJ;HB;>I >I sursis N;F KO;F JLI=?>?O I DO_TI a
quo&3m,L>?G>?H?A;>;p
"G MOG; H[I ] P?>;>; ; ;JFC=;\[I >I JLCH=_JCI >; CHMCAHC@C=ZH=C;
?G !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L 1I>;PC; MO; ;JFC=;\[I >?J?H>? =IGI PCGIM >?
@?H>?H>I >? OG; ;P;FC;\[I G;CM ;=OL;>; KO? JL?MNCAC? H[I ;J?H;M I <?G
DOL_>C=I JLCG?CL;G?HN? @I=;>I J?F; HILG; J?H;F G;M N;G<]G IONLIM <?HM
DOL_>C=IM FCA;>IM YM CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M KO? JI>?G ?MN;L ?PC>?HN?M IO P?F;
>IM H; HILG; J?H;F GCFCN;L ; ?R?GJFI >; BC?L;LKOC; >; >CM=CJFCH; >; ;ONIL
C>;>? ?H@CG >? ?F?G?HNIM KO? JIMM;G =IHMNCNOCL ; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M @IL\;M
GCFCN;L?M
7.4.4. -/&+ v-&,! 2)-&)&!!"
,ONLI JLCH=_JCI >? AL;H>?T; CHKO?MNCIHXP?F ] I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>?

GIHIP;F?HN? >? ;JFC=;\[I A?L;F ;I !CL?CNI -e<FC=I ? N;G<]G M?G JL?=CM;
JL?PCM[I H; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F[115] 0O; H;NOL?T; ] =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ?
>?MM; @ILG; ;JFC=;
M? H[I Ma ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F G;M N;G<]G ;I !CL?CNI >
GCHCMNL;NCPIM;H=CIH;>IL[116]

&HC=C?GIM HIMM; ;<IL>;A?G H;M FC\d?M >? CN?H=IOLN J;L; KO?G I

PI=X<OFI o=OFJ;<CFC>;>?p ;JL?M?HN;
M? ?G NL^M ;=?J\d?M ?G !CL?CNI -?H;F
MMCG MI<?D;G?HN? ?M=F;L?=?
o"G JLCG?CLI FOA;L ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? m =IGI @OH>;G?HNI >; J?H; m

L?@?L?
M? ;I @;NI >? M?L JIMM_P?F IO H[I ; ;JFC=;\[I >? OG; J?H; ;I ;ONIL >?
OG @;NI N_JC=I ? ;HNCDOL_>C=I CMNI ] JLIC<C>I J?F; F?C J?H;F -;L; CMMI ?RCA?
M? ; JL?M?H\; >? OG; M]LC? >? L?KOCMCNIM m =;J;=C>;>? >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IH
M=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? ? ?RCAC<CFC>;>? >; =IH>ON; m KO? =IHMNCNO?G IM ?F?G?H
NIM JIMCNCPIM ?MJ?=_@C=IM >I =IH=?CNI >IAGXNC=I >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;OM^H=C;

>? KO;FKO?L >?MM?M ?F?G?HNIM ] MO@C=C?HN? J;L; CGJ?>CL ; ;JFC=;\[I >? OG;
M;H\[IJ?H;F
"G M?AOH>I FOA;L ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? m =IGI ?F?G?HNI >; >?N?LGCH
;\[I IO G?>C\[I >; J?H; +?MM; ;=?J\[I ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? @OH=CIH; H[I =IGI
@OH>;G?HNI >; J?H; G;M =IGI FCGCN? >?MN; CGJ?>CH>I KO? ; J?H; M?D; CG
JIMN; ;KO]G IO ;F]G >; G?>C>; JL?PCMN; J?F; JLaJLC; C>?C; >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>?
;FC;>; ] =F;LI ; IONLIM =LCN]LCIM =IGI CGJILNZH=C; >I <?G DOL_>C=I @CHM
JL?P?HNCPIM?N=
" @CH;FG?HN? ?G N?L=?CLI FOA;L ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? m =IGI =IH=?CNI

=IHNLXLCI Y L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? I<D?NCP; +?MM; ;=?J\[I I JLCH=_JCI >? =OFJ;<
CFC>;>? CGJ?>? ; ;NLC<OC\[I >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? I<D?NCP; +CHAO]G L?MJIH
>?LX JIL OG L?MOFN;>I ;<MIFON;G?HN? CGJL?PCM_P?F M? H[I BIOP?L I<L;>I

=IG>IFIIO=OFJ;p[117]
=?L=; >?MN; eFNCG; ;=?J\[I GOCNI <?G F?=CIH; H>L] 3CHC=COM >?
FG?C>; @CLG;H>I KO? ?G ;N?H\[I ;IM JIMNOF;>IM >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;@;MN;
M? KO;FKO?L G;HC@?MN;\[I >I versari in re illicita NL;>OTC>I J?FI ;ONIL =IGI
; BCJaN?M? >;KO?F? KO? @;T?H>I ;FAI H[I J?LGCNC>I JIL JOLI ;=C>?HN? =;OM;
OG L?MOFN;>I ;HNCDOL_>C=I M?G KO? ?MN? JIMM; M?L =IHMC>?L;>I =IGI =;OM;>I
;I G?HIM =OFJIM;G?HN? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? I<D?NCP; @;MN;
M? CAO;FG?HN? ;
L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?FI @;NI >? IONL?G @CLG; ;CH>; KO? J?FI ;MJ?=NI ;J
L?M?HN;>I o] JIMM_P?F L?F;=CIH;L I nullum crimen sine culpa =IG I JLCH=_JCI

>; F?A;FC>;>? JICM I DO_TI >? NCJC=C>;>? KO? H?F? ] @OH>;>I JL?MMOJd?M

?R;N;G?HN? ; P?LC@C=;\[I >I >IFI IO ?R=?J=CIH;FG?HN? >; =OFJ; &H?RCMN
?HN?MOG?IONLI ;N_JC=I]I=IGJILN;G?HNI[118]
/?MOGCH>I J?FI JLCH=_JCI ?G ?R;G? H[I BX J?H; M?G =OFJ;<CFC>
;>?p[119]
!?HIN;
M? KO? ;CH>; KO? I PI=X<OFI ;JL?M?HN? NL^M ;=?J\d?M
MIG?HN? =IG ; JL?N?HM[I >? I<MN;L ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F I<D?NCP; m ; eF
NCG; ;=?J\[I >;M J;F;PL;M >? CN?H=IOLN MOMI=IHMCAH;>; m ] KO? M? NL;HM
@CAOL;?GJLCH=_JCIHILN?;>IL>I!CL?CNI-?H;Fnullum crimen sine culpa

IG L;T[I JI>?
M? ?HN?H>?L ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGI C>?C; @OF=L;F >?
=LCG? CHN?AL;H>I JICM M?O =IH=?CNI ;H;F_NC=I =IGJIH>I OG; ?MNLONOL; NLC
J;LNC>; ?MM; ;=?J\[I PIFN;L?GIM KO;H>I >CM=ILL?LGIM MI<L? ; N?ILC; A?L;F

>I>?FCNI
-I>?
M? ;CH>; ?HN?H>?L ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGI G?>C>; >; L?J
LCG?H>; J?H;F KO? ILC?HN; ; >IMCG?NLC; >; J?H; CH@?LCH>I OG; G?>C>; L?
NLC<ONCP; DOMN; ;I >?FCNI JLIJaMCNI >?MM; ;=?J\[I =IHP]G F?G<L;L I ;LN

>I -* KO? ?RJL?MM;G?HN? =IG;H>; o-;L; @CR;\[I >; J?H; JLCP;NCP; >?
FC<?L>;>? I DOCT ;JL?=C; ; AL;PC>;>? >I =LCG? JL;NC=;>I ? ; J?LMIH;FC>;>? >I
L]O >?P?H>I N?L ?G =IHN; ; CHN?HMC>;>? >I dolo ou grau da culpa ; G;CIL
IO G?HIL ?RN?HM[I >I >;HI IO J?LCAI >? >;HI IM G?CIM ?GJL?A;>IM I
GI>I >? ?R?=O\[I IM GINCPIM >?N?LGCH;HN?M ;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M >? N?GJI ?
FOA;L IM ;HN?=?>?HN?M >I L]O ? MO; ;NCNO>? >? CHM?HMC<CFC>;>? CH>C@?L?H\; IO
;LL?J?H>CG?HNI;JaMI=LCG?pALC@IHIMMI
V =IGI P?>;\[I Y L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F I<D?NCP; HI ?HN;HNI KO?
; ?RJL?MM[I A;HB; I status >? JLCH=_JCI FCGCN;>IL -IL ?F? JLCH=_JCI >; =OFJ
;<CFC>;>? HCHAO]G JI>? MI@L?L L?JLCG?H>; J?H;F M? H[I BIOP?L ;NO;>I =IG
=OFJ; H;;=?J\[IF;N;>;J;F;PL;
+IN;LX I ?MNO>CIMI J?LMJC=;T KO? H?MM? JIHNI I ?MNO>I >I JLCH=_JCI
>; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? N;HA?H=C; I ?MNO>I >I @;NI N_JC=I JILKO;HNI =IHNC>; H?MN?
?MNX ; ;HXFCM? >; =IH>ON; N_JC=; M?GJL? JLIPC>; >? >IFI IO =OFJ; H; ?MNLO
NOL; @CH;FCMN; J;L; KO? JIMM; A?L;L L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F +I =;MI >? OG

CHMNLOG?HNI =;OM;FCMN; =IGI I ] I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ; ;P;FC;\[I >I >IFI

? >; =OFJ; ?MNX ;@?N; Y =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ? H[I ;I @;NI N_JC=I JIL]G >? NI>;
@ILG; H[I B;P?LX ?G L?AL; J?H; M?G ; =IHMN;N;\[I >? KO? I ;A?HN? IJ?LIO
=IG>IFIIO HIG_HCGI =IG=OFJ; IKO??H=?LL;IJLCH=_JCI?G?MNO>I
"G KO? J?M? I ;J;HXACI ILC?HN;>IL ; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F N;HNI
=IGOG =IGI =;MNL?HM? =IHM;AL; L?MKO_=CIM >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? I<D?NCP; V

I =;MI ; HIMMI P?L >I CHMNCNONI >I erro de direito JL?PCMNI HI ;LN >I
-* KO?MN[IKO?L?NIG;L?GIM;>C;HN?
7.4.5. -/&+ v-&,!%2*+&!!"
!CL?N;G?HN? FCA;>I ;I @OH>;G?HNI L?JO<FC=;HI >; >CAHC>;>? >;

J?MMI; BOG;H; =IG;H>; ?MN? JLCH=_JCI >? ;JFC=;\[I ;I !CL?CNI -e<FC=I
=IGI OG NI>I KO? I !CL?CNI H[I JI>? PCFCJ?H>C;L ; ?M@?L; >? BCAC>?T >I M?L
BOG;HI ?GM?OMG;CM>CP?LMIM;MJ?=NIM
IHM;AL;>I J?F;M C>?C;M CFOGCHCMN;M ?G MOG; CH=FCH; ; ;NO;\[I >I

!CL?CNI -?H;F J;L; I JLaJLCI BIG?G ?G M?O @;PIL ? H[I NOL<;H>I >?MH?=?M
M;LC;G?HN? MO;M FC<?L>;>?M V JIMM_P?F JILN;HNI L?=IHB?=?L IM JIMNOF;>IM

>I JLCH=_JCI >; BOG;HC>;>? ?G NI>IM IM >?G;CM JILKO;HNI <OM=;L
M?
[I
FCGCN?MJ;L;;;NO;\[I?MN;N;F
"G ;HXFCM? G;CM JLXNC=; ?HNL?N;HNI JI>?

M? ;@CLG;L KO? ?MM?
JLCH=_JCI ] I FCGCN? =F;LI J;L; ; CGJIMC\[I >;M J?H;M 0CAHC@C=; ?G IONL;M F?
NL;M P?>;L ; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; =;JCN;F ; JLCM[I J?LJ]NO; IM =;MNCAIM =ILJI
L;CM m GOCNI =IGOHM ?G OG L?=?HN? J?L_I>I >; BCMNaLC; >; >CM=CJFCH; GCFCN
;L[120] m ; GONCF;\[I IO KO;FKO?L IONL; J?H; KO? =IFIKO? ?G MI@LCG?HNI I

;ONIL >? OG >?FCNI M?G KO? B;D; F?ACNCGC>;>? J?F; H?=?MMC>;>? >; ;JFC=;\[I
>;M;H\[I
"G KO? J?M?G ;M =IHMC>?L;\d?M ;=CG; JLIPC>?H=C;F ; ;>P?LN^H=C;
>? CN?H=IOLN ;I ;@CLG;L KO? oH[I M? JI>? IFPC>;L KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F H[I ]
H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? ;MMCMN?H=C;F ? PCM; JLCG?CL;G?HN? Y DOMNC\; >CMNLC<ONCP; L?
MJIHM;<CFCT;H>I I >?FCHKO?HN? J?F; PCIF;\[I >; IL>?G DOL_>C=; " CMMI H;

FC\[I >? '?M=B?=E qH[I JI>? M?L =IHM?AOC>I M?G >;HI ? M?G >IL ?MJ?=C;F
G?HN? H;M J?H;M JLCP;NCP;M >? FC<?L>;>? ; H[I M?L KO? M? JL?N?H>; MO<P?LN?L
; BC?L;LKOC; >IM P;FIL?M GIL;CM ? ONCFCT;L ; JLXNC=; >?FCNOIM; =IGI IJIL
NOHC>;>?J;L;JL?GC;Lrp[121]
!? @;NI DX ;HO_GIM ?G KO? ; J?H; ] ?G MO; ?MM^H=C; OG G;F "
JF?CN?;L OG MCMN?G; J?H;F FCPL? >? G;F?M ] JLIJIMN; ONaJC=; HI KO? >? J?DIL
;NCPIJIMMOC;J;F;PL;
"MM? G;F CH?PCNXP?F ? ?RCAC>I J?FI MCMN?G; J?H;F >?P? =IHN?L I

G_HCGI >? F?M[I H?=?MMXLCI J;L; ; JL?P?H\[I ?G HIMM; =IH=?J\[I ; JL?
P?H\[IA?L;FJIMCNCP;
/?MM;FP; >?P? M?L @?CN; HI KO? N;HA? ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?G
L?F;\[I Y ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; =;JCN;F ?G =;MI >? AO?LL; >CAHC>;>? >; J?MMI;
BOG;H; =IG ?@?CNI =IHMO<MN;H=C;
M? ?G OG @OH>;G?HNI MOJL?GI
CH;LL?>XP?F ?G HIMMI "MN;>I >? !CL?CNI =L;P;>I KO? ?MNX H; +ILG;
#OH>;G?HN;F
"HNL?N;HNI ; G?MG; +ILG; ;I HILN?;L ; JIF_NC=; =LCGCH;F JXNLC;
;MM?HNCO H; CHMN;F;\[I >; J?H; =;JCN;F ?G =;MI >? AO?LL; >?=F;L;>; !?MM;L
N? =IHMC>?L;H>I ; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F OG MCMN?G; ; =IH=;N?H;L ; IL>?G

DOL_>C=; G;CM ;CH>; F?P;H>I ?G =IHMC>?L;\[I ; CH?RCMN^H=C; >? FCGCN?M J;L;
I -I>?L IHMNCNOCHN? ILCACHXLCI ?HN?H>?GIM ; JL?PCM[I ?G<IL; ;@LIHN;>IL;
>; >CAHC>;>? BOG;H; J?L@?CN;G?HN? ;>GCMM_P?F MI?M=OL;H>I >? M?OM >?M>I<L;G?HNIM @CFIMa@C=IM MI<L?NO>I Y FOT >I

>CL?CNIH;NOL;F?>;>IONLCH;=IHNL;NO;FCMN;
=?L=; >; J?H; =;JCN;F L?NIG;L?GIM I N?G; JIL I=;MC[I >I ?MNO>I
>;MJ?H;MJLCH=CJ;CM
8. CRIME PRPRIA E IMPROPRIAMENTE MILITAR
8.1. LCN]LCI>?=IH@CAOL;\[I>I=LCG?GCFCN;L

"G DX >?@?H>C; "MG?L;F>CHI ;H>?CL; KO? H;M >CP?LM;M =CPCF
CT;\d?M H[I ?RCMNC; Y ]JI=; OG =LCN]LCI =C?HN_@C=I H?G F?A;F H?G DO>C=CXLCI
OH;HCG?G?HN? ;=?CNI J;L; =F;MMC@C=;L I =LCG? GCFCN;L ? JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? =IG
I ?M=IJI >? >C@?L?H=CX
FI >I =LCG? =IGOG @IL;G C>?;FCT;>IM CHeG?LIM
=LCN]LCIM "MM; >CP?LMC>;>? H;M J;F;PL;M >I G?MGI ;ONIL >?P?
M? Y =IGJF?R
C>;>? MI=C;F ? H[I JLIJLC;G?HN? Y ;<IL>;A?G DOL_>C=; DX KO? ; F?ACMF;\[I

GCFCN;L >? OG JIPI L?@F?N? ?G GOCNI MO; =OFNOL; =CPCF >? GI>I KO? ;I P;LC;L
?MNLONOL;FG?HN? OG; MI=C?>;>? N;G<]G JIMMOCLX OG; ?MJ?=_@C=; =IH@ILG
;\[I J;L; M?O !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L "MM; >CP?LMC>;>? HI ?HN;HNI H[I CG
J?>? KO? ?G >?N?LGCH;>I J;_M ; F?C ?HOG?L? =LCN]LCIM M?AOLIM J;L; ; >?@CH
C\[I >I =LCG? GCFCN;L ? N;GJIO=I KO? ; >IONLCH; >;KO?F; ]JI=; DX @CT?MM? ;
=CM[I ?HNL? IM =LCG?M JLIJLC;G?HN? IO ?MM?H=C;FG?HN? GCFCN;L?M ? IM =LCG?M
CGJLIJLC;G?HN?IO;=C>?HN;FG?HN?GCFCN;L?M[122]
!?P?
M? =IHNO>I ?HN?H>?L KO? ; >CPCM[I >IM >?FCNIM GCFCN;L?M ?HNL?
?MM?H=C;CM ? ;=C>?HN;CM H[I CGJILN; HI IL>?H;G?HNI JXNLCI ?G OG; >C@?L?H
=C;\[I >? =IH@CAOL;\[I >I >?FCNI IO G?MGI >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI
JI>?
M? ;@CLG;L KO? ;G<;M ;M =;N?AILC;M JLaJLCIM IO CGJLaJLCIM M[I
=LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ? DOFA;>IM =IG ?R=?\[I >I =LCG? >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; >?
=CPCF JL;NC=;>I JIL GCFCN;L?M >IM "MN;>IM J?F;M 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M "MN;>O;CM ?
>;2HC[I
!?MM; @ILG; OLA? JLCG?CLI M;<?L KO;CM IM =LCN]LCIM >? =IH@CAOL;\[I
>? OG =LCG? GCFCN;L J;L; OG; P?T CH=FOCH>I >?N?LGCH;>I @;NI H?MM? LIF
>?@CHCL M? M? NL;N; >? =LCG? ?MM?H=C;FG?HN? GCFCN;L IO ;=C>?HN;FG?HN? GCFCN;L

+?MM? GCMN?L IM =LCN]LCIM CHC=C;CM @IL;G =IGI N;G<]G ?HMCH; "MG?L;F>CHI
;H>?CL; I =LCN]LCI ratione materiae ? I =LCN]LCI ratione personae @CFC;H>I
M? I JLCG?CLI ;I !CL?CNI /IG;HI JLCGCNCPI ? I M?AOH>I ;I !CL?CNI $?L
GZHC=I CHC=C;F[123] "G GIG?HNI JIMN?LCIL ;AL?A;L;G

M? ; ?MM;M =F;MMC
@C=;\d?M;M>IM=LCG?MGCFCN;L?M ratione loci ? ratione temporis
-?FI =LCN]LCI ratione materiae M?LX >?FCNI GCFCN;L ;KO?F? =ODI =?LH?
JLCH=CJ;F >; CH@L;\[I M?D; G;N]LC; JLaJLC; >? =;M?LH; CHN?MNCH;G?HN? FCA;>;

Y PC>; GCFCN;L "MM; PCM[I H[I ] ; >? "MG?L;F>CHI ;H>?CL; KO? L?=IHB?=? I
=LCN]LCI ratione materiae MCGJF?MG?HN? J?F; JL?M?H\; >? GCFCN;L HI JIFI ;N
CPI?J;MMCPI>I>?FCNI@I=;>I[124]
'X J;L; I =LCN]LCI ratione personae H; NL;>C=CIH;F PCM[I >I ;ONIL

MOJL;=CN;>I I =LCG? GCFCN;L ?MN;LX =IH@CAOL;>I KO;H>I BIOP?L ; KO;FC>;>?
>? GCFCN;L ;J?H;M HI ;A?HN?[125] -L?@?LCGIM NI>;PC; ?HN?H>?L KO? I >?FCNI
ratione personae ?MN;LX =IH@CAOL;>I =IG ; JL?M?H\; >; =IH>C\[I >? GCFCN;L
HIMMOD?CNIM;NCPI?J;MMCPI>;L?F;\[IKO??HPIFP?I>?FCNI
,M =LCN]LCIM ratione temporis ? ratione loci JIL MO; P?T >;P;G ;

>?FCNIM NC>IM =IGI =IGOHM ; LIOJ;A?G >? >?FCNIM GCFCN;L?M MCGJF?MG?HN?
J?FI @;NI >? N?L?G MC>I JL;NC=;>IM ?G >?N?LGCH;>I FOA;L ratione loci IO
?G >?N?LGCH;>I J?L_I>I ratione temporis =IG ; ;@?N;\[I >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M
GCFCN;L?M
,=ILL? KO? GOFNCJFC=C>;>? >? =LCN]LCIM >?@CHC>IL?M =IH>OTC; CH?R
IL;P?FG?HN? Y CGJIMMC<CFC>;>? >? OG; ?R;N; =IH=?J\[I B;P?H>I GIG?HNIM
H; BCMNaLC; >; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F GCFCN;L <L;MCF?CL; ?G KO? OG =LCN]LCI M? MI<L?
JOHB; ;I IONLI I KO? @IL\IM;G?HN? CH@FO?H=CIO I F?ACMF;>IL J?H;F >? ;

;>IN;L NI>IM IM =LCN]LCIM ?HOG?L;>IM M?G KO? BIOP?MM? ; JL?P;F^H=C; =F;L;
>? OG >?F?M I KO? F?PIO Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? I =LCN]LCI ;>IN;>I ?G HIMMI J;_M
J;L; ; =IH@CAOL;\[I >I =LCG? GCFCN;L @IC I =LCN]LCI ratione legis IO M?D;
=LCG?GCFCN;L];KO?F?>?FCH?;>I=IGIN;FJ?F;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L
, =LCN]LCI ratione legis ] ;>IN;>I >?P?

M? HIN;L H[I Ma HI L;MCF
G;M N;G<]G ?G J;_M?M =IGI F?G;HB; &NXFC; ? "MJ;HB; , ;LN >I
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?MJ;HBIF ; )?S ,LAXHC=; H >? >? >?T?G<LI >?
JIL ?R?GJFI >CMJd? KO? M[I >?FCNIM GCFCN;L?M ;KO?F;M ;\d?M ? IGCM
Md?M >IFIM;M IO =OFJIM;M ;J?H;>;M J?FI L?MJ?=NCPI

MCG I=LCN]LCI ratione legis[126]
a>CAI ?R;FN;H>I ;M
MMCG PIFN;H>I ;I =;MI >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L <L;MCF?CLI M[I

=LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ;KO?F?M ?HOG?L;>IM J?F; F?C KO? ?MNO>;L?GIM HI >?=ILL?L
>?MN; I<L; ? JIMN?LCILG?HN? J?F; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F 1;F =LCN]LCI ;>IN;>I >?M>?
; IHMNCNOC\[I >? ?PC>?H=C;
M? H; ;NO;F ;LN; *;AH; J?FI >CMJIMNI HIM

;LNM ? g F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L NI>;PC; P;F?

M? >? =IH=?CNO;\d?M ;L
LCG;>;M HIM =LCN]LCIM ?HOG?L;>IM J;L; ?F?A?L JIHNO;FG?HN? IM =LCG?M GCFCN
;L?M !?MM;LN? ;I ?HN?H>?L =IGI =LCG? GCFCN;L I @;NI NCJC@C=;>I H;M >O;M F?
ACMF;\d?M J?H;CM =IGOG IO GCFCN;L MCGJF?MG?HN? JIL N?L MC>I JL;NC=;>I

JIL GCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? =IHNL; GCFCN;L H; G?MG; MCNO;\[I =IH
@ILG? ?HOG?L; ; ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >I -* I F?ACMF;>IL
ILC?HNIO
M? JIL OG; =IH=?J\[I ratione personae IO ratione materiae H;
I
PCM[I >? "MG?L;F>CHI ;H>?CL; ;I G?MGI N?GJI KO? H; ;F_H?; d >I G?MGI
CH=CMI ;MMOGCO ; JIMNOL; >I =LCN]LCI ratione temporis DX KO? NILHIO GCFCN;L I
=LCG? JL;NC=;>I JIL GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IHNL; =CPCF L?@ILG;>I IO GCFCN;L >; L?
M?LP; >OL;HN?IJ?L_I>I>?G;HI<L;IO?R?L=_=CI
8.2. /?F?PZH=C;>;>CMNCH\[I?HNL?=LCG?MJLIJLC;G?HN??CG
JLIJLC;G?HN?GCFCN;L?M
+[I BX HIM >C;M ;NO;CM N;G<]G ] JL?=CMI L?MM;FN;L MCHAOF;L >CMJIM
CNCPI F?A;F KO? >?@CH; I =LCG? JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L >CMNCHAOCH>I

I >I CGJLI
JLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L @C=;H>I N;F >CMNCH\[I ; =;LAI >; >IONLCH; ? >;

DOLCMJLO>^H=C;
F?ACMF;\[I PCA?HN? JIL IONLI F;>I ;NLC<OC L?F?P;HN?M ?@?CNIM DOL_>C
=IM ; OG; >?MM;M MO<?MJ]=C?M KO;F M?D; I =LCG? GCFCN;L JLaJLCI IO JLIJLC;
G?HN? GCFCN;L >;_ JIL KO? M? >?P? =IHB?=?L ;GCe>? ; >CMNCH\[I H[I M?G
;HN?M?HOG?L;LKO;CM;ML;Td?MKO?>?G;H>;GI?MNO>I>IN?G;
L?F?PZH=C; >I ?MNO>I ?G JLCG?CLI FOA;L MOLA? >? OG; CGJIMC\[I

;NO;F L?F;NCP; G;CM ;I !CL?CNI -LI=?MMO;F -?H;F *CFCN;L ? ;I !CL?CNI IHMNCNO
=CIH;F KO? JLIJLC;G?HN? ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F MO<MN;HNCPI /?MOG?

M? H; JIMMC<
CFC>;>? M?GJL? ?G PIA; G;M >?MG?>C>; ?G HIMM; PCM[I >? L?MNLC\[I >;
=IGJ?N^H=C;>;'OMNC\;*CFCN;L
+[I L;L;M P?T?M PIT?M M? F?P;HN;G J;L; MOMN?HN;L KO? N[I Ma IM
=LCG?M JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M >?P?G M?L DOFA;>IM J?F; 'OMNC\; ;MNL?HM?
=IGI I @?T ?G I MO<MNCNONCPI >; L?F;NIL; !?JON;>; #?>?L;F 7OF;C^

I<L; /C<?CLI Y -LIJIMN; >? "G?H>; Y IHMNCNOC\[I H

KO? JLIJOHB;
CHC=C;FG?HN? ; ?RNCH\[I >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F <?G =IGI KO? ; 'OMNC\;
*CFCN;L >; 2HC[I J;MM;MM? ; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L ;J?H;M IM =LCG?M JLIJLC;
G?HN?GCFCN;L?M>?@CHC>IM?GF?C
+[I ?HNL;L?GIM HI G]LCNI >?MM;M JLIJIMN;M =IGI ; ;=CG; ?HO
G?L;>; G?MGI JILKO? =IHP]G F?G<L;L OG IONLI GIPCG?HNI ;=?H; ?G

M?HNC>I IJIMNI IO M?D; ?G @;PIL >? OG ;F;LA;G?HNI >; =IGJ?N^H=C; >;M
'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H >? >? >?T?G<LI >?
] ; G;N?LC;FCT;\[I >?MM; P?LN?HN? JILKO;HNI H[I Ma G;HN?P? HI ZG
<CNI ?MN;>O;F ; =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; DOFA;L IM =LCG?M ;=C>?HN;FG?HN? GCFCN;L?M

=IGI ;GJFCIO MO; =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; ;JL?=C;L ;\d?M CGJ?NL;>;M =IHNL; ;NIM
>CM=CJFCH;L?M JLaJLCIM>;MCHMNCNOC\d?MGCFCN;L?M[127]
CH>; H; M?;L; JLI=?MMO;F ? =IHMNCNO=CIH;F =OGJL? F?G<L;L KO? ;F
AOHM ;@CLG;G ; L?=?J\[I ?G J;LN? >I ;LN >I --* J?F; IHMNCNOC\[I
#?>?L;F HIN;>;G?HN?JILM?O;LN I )5&
, ;LN >I --* >CMJd? KO? o&H>?J?H>?HN?G?HN? >? @F;AL;HN?

>?FCNI I CH>C=C;>I JI>?LX @C=;L >?NC>I >OL;HN? ;M CHP?MNCA;\d?M JIFC=C;CM ;N]
NLCHN; >C;M =IGOHC=;H>I
M? ; >?N?H\[I Y ;ONILC>;>? DO>C=CXLC; =IGJ?N?HN?
"MM? JL;TI JI>?LX M?L JLILLIA;>I JIL G;CM PCHN? >C;M J?FI =IG;H>;HN? >;
/?AC[I !CMNLCNI +;P;F IO 7IH; ]L?; G?>C;HN? MIFC=CN;\[I @OH>;G?HN;>; >I
?H=;LL?A;>I >I CHKO]LCNI ? JIL PC; BC?LXLKOC=;p +IN?
M? KO? J?FI >CMJIMCNCPI
?G =IG?HNI ] JIMM_P?F ; >?N?H\[I >I CH>C=C;>I M?G ; ?RCMN^H=C; >? @F;AL;HN?
>?FCNIIO>?IL>?GDO>C=C;F@OH>;G?HN;>;?GKO;FKO?L=LCG?GCFCN;L
,=ILL? KO? I CH=CMI )5& >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F H[I L?=?J=CIHIO

JF?H;G?HN? N;F >CMJIMCNCPI ;I >CMJIL KO? oHCHAO]G M?LX JL?MI M?H[I ?G
@F;AL;HN? >?FCNI IO JIL IL>?G ?M=LCN; ? @OH>;G?HN;>; >? ;ONILC>;>? DO>C
=CXLC; =IGJ?N?HN? salvo nos casos de transgresso militar ou crime propriamente militar, definidos em leip M?H>I =F;L; ; =IGJL??HM[I >? KO? I ;LN
>I --* @IC L?=?J=CIH;>I ?G J;LN? MIG?HN? JI>?H>I M?L ;JFC=;>I J;L;
=LCG?MJLIJLC;G?HN?GCFCN;L?M[128]

-IL @CG IONLI >CMJIMCNCPI KO? ?RCA? ; >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? =LCG? JLIJLC;
G?HN? ? CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L ] ; JL?PCM[I HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG >; CG
JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? CH>O\[I Y L?CH=C>^H=C; JIL =LCG? JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L ;H
N?LCILG?HN?JL;NC=;>I HIMN?LGIM>I;LN && >I a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG
MMCG ? A OG; >?M?L\[I =LCG? JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L =IGI
P?L?GIM ;>C;HN? H[I >;LX ;I M?O ;ONIL ; =IH>C\[I >? L?CH=C>?HN? ?G @ONOL;
JLXNC=; >? >?FCNI =IGOG ;CH>; KO? ;KO]G >I J?L_I>I >?JOL;>IL =IHMN;HN?
HI;LN>I a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG
1IG?
M? ; =;ON?F; >? F?G<L;L KO? H[I BX L?=CJLI=C>;>? HI a>CAI
-?H;F *CFCN;L J;L; I NL;N;G?HNI >; L?CH=C>^H=C; IO M?D; OG; =IH>?H;\[I
;HN?LCIL JIL =LCG? =IGOG CH>OTCLX Y L?CH=C>^H=C; ?G ?P?HNO;F @ONOLI DOFA;
G?HNI JIL =LCG? GCFCN;L ;CH>; KO? M? NL;N? >? OG =LCG? JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN
;L I<PC;G?HN? M? JL;NC=;>I ;KO]G >? =CH=I ;HIM =IHN;>IM ; J;LNCL >; >;N;
>I =OGJLCG?HNI IO ?RNCH\[I >; J?H; J?L_I>I >?JOL;>IL =IHMN;HN? HI g I
>I;LN>I -*
IGI PCMNI J?FIM ?R?GJFIM ;=CG; ;CH>; KO? ; F?C N?HB; H?AFCA?H
=C;>I ?G M?J;L;L IM =LCG?M JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M >IM CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCF
CN;L?M IO ;=C>?HN;FG?HN? GCFCN;L?M BX H?=?MMC>;>? >? KO? ; >IONLCH; M?

>?<LO=? MI<L? ; KO?MN[I V I KO? JL?N?H>?GIM @;T?L G?>C;HN? ; C>?HNC@C=;\[I
>IM =LCG?M JOL;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M[129] JILN;HNI JIL ?R=FOM[I N?L
M?
X HI\[I
>IM=B;G;>IMCGJLIJLC;G?HN?GCFCN;L?M
IHP]G ;HN?M >? J;MM;L YM N?ILC;M >?CR;L =F;LI KO? =LCG?M GCFCN
;L?M JLaJLCIM H[I M? =IH@OH>?G =IG =LCG?M JLaJLCIM GCFCN;L?M "MN?M =IH
MNCNO?G CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M KO? MIG?HN? JI>?G M?L =IG?NC>;M JIL
GCFCN;L ?G OG; =IH>C\[I @OH=CIH;F ?MJ?=_@C=; =IGI ; >? comandante ;LNM
?N=
8.3. 1?ILC;=FXMMC=;

-;L; ; >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? =LCG? JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L ? =LCG? CGJLI
JLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L <OM=;GIM ?R?GJFI CHC=C;FG?HN? HI !CL?CNI /IG;HI KO?

;FC=?L\IO;;HNCA;>IONLCH;=FXMMC=;
-;L; ; teoria clssica ;>IN;>; JIL ]FCI )I<[I[130] ? 'ILA? ]M;L
>? MMCM[131] =LCG?M JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M M?LC;G IM KO? Ma JI>?G M?L
=IG?NC>IM JIL GCFCN;L?M JICM =IHMCMN?G ?G PCIF;\[I >? >?P?L?M KO? FB?M M[I
JLaJLCIM
1L;N;
M? JICM >I =LCG? @OH=CIH;F JL;NC=XP?F MIG?HN? J?FI GCFCN;L ;
?R?GJFI >; >?M?L\[I ;LN >; =I<;L>C; ;LN >ILGCL ?G M?LPC\I
;LN ?N=
"G =IHNL;JIMC\[I IM =LCG?M =IGOHM ?G MO; H;NOL?T; JL;NC=XP?CM

JIL KO;FKO?L J?MMI; =CPCF IO GCFCN;L M[I IM =B;G;>IM CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCF
CN;L?M IGI ?R?GJFI JI>?GIM =CN;L I BIGC=_>CI >? OG GCFCN;L JL;NC=;>I

JIL IONLI GCFCN;L ;G<IM ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? ;LN I && a == I ;LN
IO;PCIF^H=C;=IHNL;M?HNCH?F;;LN
?MM; =IHMNLO\[I ; >IONLCH; ?MJ?=C;FCT;>; ;>GCN? OG; ?R=?\[I
KO;F M?D; I =LCG? >? CHMO<GCMM[I ;LN =IHMC>?L;>I I eHC=I =LCG? JLI
JLC;G?HN?GCFCN;LKO?MIG?HN?I=CPCFJI>?=IG?N?L
+IN?
M? KO? ;J?M;L >? M?L JL;NC=;>I JIL OG =CPCF ; CH=ILJIL;\[I >I
@;FNIMI JILN;HNI ; KO;FC>;>? >? GCFCN;L ] =IH>C\[I >? JOHC<CFC>;>? IO >?

JLI=?>C<CFC>;>? HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN g I >I --* 3;F? >CT?L KO?
;HN?M >? ;>KOCLCL ; KO;FC>;>? >? GCFCN;L =IG MO; CH=FOM[I H;M #IL\;M LG;
>;M H[I=;<?;\[IJ?H;F=IHNL;ICHMO<GCMMI
8.4. 3CM[I>;>IONLCH;J?H;F=IGOGOG;oN?ILC;
NIJIALX@C=;p
>IONLCH; J?H;F =IGOG JIO=I CHN?L?MM;>; HI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN
;L MCGJFC@C=IO ; =CM[I ?H=IHNL;H>I H; JIMC\[I >I =LCG? IO HIM ?F?G?HNIM

=IHMNCNONCPIM>INCJI ;L?MJIMN;C>?;F

0?AOH>I ?MM; ;<IL>;A?G IM =LCG?M JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M N^G

>?@CHC\[I >CP?LM; >; F?C J?H;F =IGOG IO H?F; H[I M? ?H=IHNL;G 0?LC;G
=LCG?M GCFCN;L?M JLaJLCIM >?MM;LN? ;KO?F?M >? KO? NL;N; I CH=CMI & >I ;LN I
>I -* ? CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M IM ;<L;HAC>IM J?FI CH=CMI && >I G?MGI
>CMJIMCNCPI
"MM; ] ; PCM[I JL?>IGCH;HN? ?HNL? IM ;ONIL?M >? !CL?CNI -?H;F
=IGOG KO? ; ?RJd?G ?G L?AL; KO;H>I NL;N;G >; L?CH=C>^H=C; ?G ?MJ?
=C;F I CH=CMI && >I ;LN HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG +?MM? M?HNC>I ?FMI !?F
G;HNI ;@CLG; KO? =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M JLaJLCIM M[I oIM >?FCNIM KO? ?MN[I >?@CH
C>IM ;J?H;M HI -* ? H[I N;G<]G H; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOGp[132] Vide

;CH>; #?LH;H>I ;J?T J;L; KO?G =LCG?M JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M M[I
;KO?F?Mo>?@CHC>IM=IGI=LCG?M;J?H;MHI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;Lp[133]
"G<IL; =IGI >CNI JL?>IGCH;HN? H; >IONLCH; J?H;F =IGOG ]

JIMM_P?F ?H=IHNL;L ;ONIL?M >? !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? JL?@?L?G ?MM; N?ILC;
; ?R?GJFI >I KO? I=ILL? =IG -;OFI 1;>?O /I>LCAO?M /IM; ;MMCH;H>I KO? ;
o>IONLCH; <L;MCF?CL; <;MC=;G?HN? ?MN;<?F?=? KO? >O;M M[I ;M ?MJ]=C?M >?
=LCG?M GCFCN;L?M IM =LCG?M JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M KO? M[I ;KO?F?M KO? M?
?H=IHNL;G JL?PCMNIM ;J?H;M ? N[I MIG?HN? HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IGI
JIL ?R?GJFI ; >?M?L\[I ; CHMO<GCMM[I I GINCG I >?M;=;NI ; MOJ?LCIL
?HNL? IONLIM ? IM =LCG?M CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M KO? M[I ;KO?F?M KO? M?
?H=IHNL;G JL?PCMNIM N;HNI HI a>CAI -?H;F L;MCF?CLI =IGI N;G<]G HI
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IGI ?R?GJFI I @OLNI I LIOCI ;=ILLOJ\[I ;=IH=OMM[I ?HNL?IONLIMp[134]
8.5. 1?ILC;>?'ILA?F<?LNI/IG?CLIoN?ILC;JLI=?MMO;Fp
?R=?\[I Y N?ILC; =FXMMC=; CMNI ] I =;MI >; CHMO<GCMM[I F?PIO
'ILA? F<?LNI /IG?CLI =IG GOCN; J?LMJC=X=C; ; ;>;JN;L ?MM; N?ILC; ;@CLG
;H>I KO? =LCG? JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L NL;>OT

M? JIL ;KO?F? o=OD; ;\[I J?H;F
MIG?HN?JI>?M?LJLIJIMN;=IHNL;GCFCN;Lp[135]

CH>; KO? ?MN; N?ILC; MI@L; ;N;KO?M P;LC;>IM JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? JIL ;N
L?F;L OG =LCN]LCI JLI=?MMO;F ; OG; >?@CHC\[I JLaJLC; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F G;N?LC
;F DOFA;GIM M?L ?F; ; G;CM ;>?KO;>; ; MIFP?L ;M KO?MNd?M KO? M? ;JL?M?HN;G

;=?L=; >; N?GXNC=; >?M>? KO? M? N?HB; ?G G?HN? ; L?MM;FP; >I JLCH=_JCI
tempus regit actum IO M?D; ; P?LC@C=;\[I >I =LCG? JLaJLC; IO CGJLIJLC;
G?HN? GCFCN;L >?P?

M? >;L ?G Ga>OFI >?M=;LN;H>I
M? ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? I
MOD?CNI ;NCPI M?L ?R=FO_>I >; @IL\; GCFCN;L J?F; PC; ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; IO J?>CL ?R
IH?L;\[I "G ?R?GJFI M? OG GCFCN;L JL;NC=;L PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; MOJ?LCIL ? HI

>C; M?AOCHN? ;I >?FCNI J?>CL ?RIH?L;\[I I @;NI >? M?L HI GIG?HNI >; JLIJIM
CNOL; >; ;\[I OG =CPCF H[I CH@FO?H=C;LX H; =F;MMC@C=;\[I JILKO;HNI >?P?

M?
;H;FCM;L I =LCG? ?G ;<MNL;NI J;L; ; =ILL?N; =F;MMC@C=;\[I H[I HI =;MI =IH
=L?NI IO M?D; >?P?

M? P?LC@C=;L HI GIG?HNI >; ;\[I =IHNL; KO?G JI>?LC;
M?LJLIJIMN;;;\[IJ?H;FJIL;KO?F?=LCG?
, ;F?LN; >? @I=;L I =LCG? ;<MNL;N;G?HN? ;>?G;CM >?P? CH@ILG;L

N;G<]G ; ;HXFCM? HI KO? =IH=?LH? Y CGJIMMC<CFC>;>? >? I =CPCF =IG?N?L =LCG?
GCFCN;L H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F ;MMOHNI KO? NL;N;L?GIM G;CM ;>C;HN? M?H>I ?KOC
PI=;>I I L;=CI=_HCI >? KO? =IGI I =CPCF H[I =IG?N? =LCG? GCFCN;L H; ?M@?L;
?MN;>O;F m JIMC=CIH;G?HNI G;DILCNXLCI H; >IONLCH; ? DOLCMJLO>^H=C; m ;

;\[I J?H;F GCFCN;L H?MM? ZG<CNI H[I JI>? M?L JLIJIMN; M?H[I =IHNL; OG GCF
CN;L I KO? NILH;LC; NI>I =LCG? GCFCN;L H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F OG =LCG? JLIJLC;
G?HN? GCFCN;L "MM? L;=CI=_HCI PIFN;GIM ; L?MM;FN;L H[I ] =ILL?NI DX KO?

J;L; ; =F;MMC@C=;\[I >?P?
M? N?L ?G @I=I =IGI DX >CMM?GIM I NCJI J?H;F ?G
;<MNL;NI ?H[II=;MI=IH=L?NI
-;L; >?GIHMNL;L I LCM=I >? ?KOCPI=;>; ;=?J\[I CG;ACH?GIM KO?
OG ,@C=C;F >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L ?H=;LL?A;>I >? &HKO]LCNI -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L ?H
N?H>; KO? NI>I =LCG? GCFCN;L H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F =IHMCMN? ?G OG =LCG? JLI
JLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L ? ?G @;=? >?MM; JL?GCMM; >?=C>; >?N?L I CH>C=C;>I JIL
=LCG? >? BIGC=_>CI inter milites =IG <;M? HI ;LN >I --* %;P?LX M?G
MIG<L; >? >ePC>;M =IH>ON; CLL?AOF;L >I ,@C=C;F J;MM_P?F >? =ILL?\[I JIL
habeas corpus CGJILN;H>I ?G JLXNC=; NL;HMAL?MMCIH;F H[I ;F=;H\;H>I OG
;<OMI =LCGCHIMI ;MMCG ?HN?H>?GIM ;J?H;M J?F; @;FN; >I ?F?G?HNI
MO<D?NCPI

=IGJ;HB;H>I JILN;HNI I G?MNL? /IG?CLI >?M>? KO? @?CN;M ;M

L?MM;FP;M ;=CG; ?HN?H>?GIM M?L JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L I =LCG? =OD; ;\[I
J?H;F MIG?HN? JIMM; M?L JLIJIMN; ?G @;=? >? OG GCFCN;L CMMI =IG @I=I HI
NCJIJ?H;FP?LC@C=;>I HIGIG?HNI>;;\[IIO>;IGCMM[I>I;A?HN?
8.6. F;MMC@C=;\[INLC=INbGC=;>?&IH?>?0IOT; LOT? FXO
>CIGCH*CAO?F
"G<IL; N?HB;GIM ?F?AC>I HIMM; N?ILC; JL?>CF?N; ] H?=?MMXLCI L?
=IHB?=?L KO? ; N?ILC; NIJIALX@C=; ? ; N?ILC; =FXMMC=; >CPC>?G I JL?MN_ACI >IM

JLCH=CJ;CM ;ONIL?M ? ;JFC=;>IL?M >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG ? GCFCN;L M?H>I
;G<;MGOCNI<?G;=?CN;M
-IL NI>IM vide ;M FC\d?M >? HNbHCI 0=;L;H=? #?LH;H>?M KO? ;I
NL;N;L >; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ? ;JaM ;@CLG;L KO? ; F?C J?H;F GCFCN
;L H[I >CMNCHAO? =LCG? JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L >? =LCG? CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN
;L ;@CLG; KO? o=LCG? JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L =OD;M L;_T?M L?GIHN;G ;I >CL?CNI

LIG;HI ] ;KO?F? qKO? Ma JIL GCFCN;L JI>?LC; M?L JL;NC=;>I JICM =IHMCMN? H;
PCIF;\[I >? >?P?L?M L?MNLCNIM KO? FB? M[I JLaJLCIMr M?H>I C>?HNC@C=;>I JIL
>ICM ?F?G?HNIM ; KO;FC>;>? >I ;A?HN? GCFCN;L ? ; H;NOL?T; >; =IH>ON;

JLXNC=; @OH=CIH;F 0[I IM =LCG?M =IHMC>?L;>IM CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M
KO;H>I ;J?M;L >? q=IGOHM ?G MO; H;NOL?T; =OD; JLXNC=; ] JIMM_P?F ;
KO;FKO?L =C>;>[I =CPCF IO GCFCN;Lr J;MM;G ; M?L =IHMC>?L;>IM GCFCN;L?M
JILKO? JL;NC=;>IM qJIL GCFCN;L ?G =?LN;M =IH>C\d?Mr "HKO;>L;G
M? ;_ N;G
<]G IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M JL;NC=;>IM JIL =CPCMp[136] F;L;G?HN? H?MM;
JLCG?CL; J;LN? >? MO; CGJILN;HN? I<L; I CFOMNL? -LI@?MMIL >; #;=OF>;>? >?
!CL?CNI >I );LAI 0[I #L;H=CM=I M?AO? ; FCHB; >; N?ILC; =FXMMC=; ;AO\;>;
G?HN? ?RJIMN; JIL 'ILA? F<?LNI /IG?CLI ? ;>IN;>; JIL ]FCI )I<[I ? 'ILA?
]M;L >? MMCM IHNO>I ?G NL?=BI FIAI ?G M?AOC>; I ;ONIL L?P?F; KO?
oIONL; @ILG; <;MN;HN? OMO;F >? C>?HNC@C=;L I =LCG? JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L ] ;
KO? F?P; ?G =IHN; IM CH=CMIM >I ;LN I >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L 0?LC; JLI
JLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L I =LCG? >?@CHC>I MIG?HN? J?F; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L M?G =ILL?M
JIH>?HN? H; F?C J?H;F =IGOGp 1;G<]G >? @ILG; =LCMN;FCH; I ;ONIL

L?=IHB?=? ; L?F?PZH=C; >; oN?ILC; NIJIALX@C=;p ?PC>?H=C;H>I ; JIF^GC=; KO?

<OM=;GIM>?GIHMNL;L
M N?ILC;M ;JL?M?HN;>;M ?G<IL; JIMMO;G JIHNIM >? =ICH=C>^H=C;
H[I M[I ?R;N;G?HN? CAO;CM JI>?H>I
M? ;@CLG;L JIL ?R?GJFI KO? NI>I =LCG?
JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L ?MNX ;J?H;M HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L IO H?F? =IG NCJC
@C=;\[I >C@?L?HN? >; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG ? A ;LN PCIF^H=C; =IHNL;
MOJ?LCIL ? ;LN >?M?L\[I G;M H?G NI>I =LCG? CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L
MI; N?ILC; =FXMMC=; JIMMOC C>^HNC=; NCJC@C=;\[I HI a>CAI -?H;F
=IGOG =IGI I =;MI >I ;LN PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; GCFCN;L >? M?LPC\I KO?
?G<IL; JIMM; M?L =IG?NC>I JIL KO;FKO?L J?MMI; ;J?H;M ?MNX JL?PCMNI HI
-*
N?HNIM ; ?MM; >C@C=OF>;>? &IH? 0IOT; ? FXO>CI GCH C>?;FCT;L;G
OG; N?ILC; NLC=INbGC=; G;L=;>; J?F; >CPCM[I >IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ?G JLI
JLC;G?HN?GCFCN;L?M NCJC=;G?HN??CGJLIJLC;G?HN?GCFCN;L?M
-;L; IM ;ONIL?M =LCG? JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L ] ;KO?F? KO? MIG?HN?
JI>? M?L JL;NC=;>I JIL GCFCN;L ; ?R?GJFI >I ;<;H>IHI >? JIMNI ;LN
LCG? NCJC=;G?HN? GCFCN;L JIL MO; P?T ] ;KO?F? KO? Ma ?MNX JL?PCMNI HI
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L H[I CGJILN;H>I KO;F ; MOD?C\[I ;NCP; JIMM_P?F ; ?R?G
JFI >I =LCG? >? CHMO<GCMM[I ;LN -IL @CG =LCG? CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN
;L ] ;KO?F? KO? M? ?H=IHNL; JL?PCMNI N;HNI HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IGI HI

a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG =IGII=LCG?>?BIGC=_>CI;LN >I -*[137]
"G<IL; ; N?ILC; NL;TC>; J?FIM =CN;>IM ;ONIL?M A?L? CHN?L?MM? >? GOC
NIM ?MNO>CIMIM =IG HIMMI J?>C>I >? P^HC; ;IM M?OM ;>?JNIM L?CN?L;GIM
HIMM; JL?@?L^H=C; J?F; N?ILC; C>?;FCT;>; JIL 'ILA? F<?LNI /IG?CLI =IG I
PC]MJILHaMMOA?LC>I

9. RELAO DO DIREITO PENAL MILITAR COM

OUTRAS CINCIAS E OUTROS RAMOS DO
DIREITO
1;F =IGI I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L MI@L? ; CH
N?L@?L^H=C; >? PXLC;M =C^H=C;M ;@CHM ? ;ORCFC;L?M NI>;M ; =IHNLC<OCL J;L; OG

MCMN?G;J?H;FL?JL?MMCPI?@C=;T;IG?MGIN?GJIKO?BOG;HI
!?MM; @ILG; <OM=;L?GIM <L?P?G?HN? CH>C=;L ;FAOHM JIHNIM >?
FCA;\[I ?HNL? I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ? IONL;M =C^H=C;M J?>CH>I P^HC; J;L;
OM;L>?OG;;HXFCM?OGN;HNIKO;HNIJLXNC=; M?GLCAILN]=HC=I?R=?MMCPI
9.1. *?>C=CH;)?A;F
-?F; G?HMOL;\[I >I L?MOFN;>I >IM =LCG?M H;M P_NCG;M ; *?>C=CH;
)?A;F >CM=CJFCH; ;ORCFC;L >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IF;<IL; H; ?F;<IL;\[I >; F?C ;I
G?MGI N?GJI KO? ;KOC DX ?G ?H@IKO? JLI=?MMO;F =IHP?LN?
M? ?G CGJILN
;HN? CHMNLOG?HNI ONCFCT;>I J;L; ; >?@CHC\[I >? ;ONILC; =;F=;>; ?G JLIP; ?G
CH?HN?G?HN?N]=HC=;
0?G ?G<;LAI IM ;P;H\IM G]>C=IM N^G F?P;>I Y GCHCGCT;\[I >IM

?LLIM DO>C=CXLCIM B;D; PCMN; I @?HbG?HI HIN;>I HIM J;_M?M KO? ;>IN;G ;
J?H;>?GILN??>CMJd?G>?N?=HIFIAC;>??RJFIL;\[I>I!+
9.2. LCGCH;F_MNC=;
IGJd? PXLC;M =C^H=C;M H; CHP?MNCA;\[I =LCGCH;F 1;G<]G =B;G;>;
>? -IF_=C; C?HN_@C=; ?MM; >CM=CJFCH; ;ORCFC;L >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IF;<IL; J;L; ;
>?@CHC\[I >? ;ONILC; ? G;N?LC;FC>;>? J?F; =IHMN;N;\[I ? =IFB?CN; >? G;H=B;M
CGJL?MMd?M>CACN;CM?J;FG;L?M J?A;>;M?N=
LCGCH;F_MNC=; <OM=; H; N?=HIFIAC; I ;JICI H?=?MMXLCI J;L; ;=?F?L
;L ? JL?=CM;L M?OM NL;<;FBIM +I ';J[I JIL ?R?GJFI =IG I MCMN?G; =B;G;>I

Automatic Fingerprint Identification System #&0 ;M CGJL?MMd?M >CACN;CM

>? =LCGCHIMIM M[I G;HNC>;M ?G <;H=I >? >;>IM ? JI>?G M?L =IGJ;L;>;M
=IG;M>?CR;>;MHIM_NCI>I=LCG? JILOGJLI=?MMICH@ILG;NCT;>I
9.3. -MCKOC;NLC;#IL?HM?
V CAO;FG?HN? IONL; >CM=CJFCH; ;ORCFC;L >I !CL?CNI -?H;F KO?MN[I
JLCH=CJ;F MI<L? KO? M? >?<LO\; ] ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? "MM; =C^H=C; G]>C=; <OM=;
;P;FC;L ; =;J;=C>;>? >? ?HN?H>CG?HNI >I @;NI >?FCNOIMI J?FI =LCGCHIMI =IH
NLC<OCH>I ;MMCG J;L; MO; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I ? J;L; ; JL?M=LC\[I >? NL;N;
G?HNIJM_KOC=I=OL;NCPI
9.4. C^H=C;M LCGCH;CM

IHP]G ;MMCH;F;L KO? ; >IONLCH; ;I NL;N;L >;M L?F;\d?M >I !CL?CNI
-?H;F =IHM;AL; I P_H=OFI ?RCMN?HN? =IG ;M =B;G;>;M C^H=C;M LCGCH;CM

=F;MMC@C=;\[I ?G KO? M? MCNO;G ; 0I=CIFIAC; =LCGCH;F ; CIFIAC; =LCGCH;F ?
JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? ; LCGCHIFIAC;
&ML;?F !L;JECH 0?H>?L?S =CN;>I JIL *CL;<?N? >?@CH? =LCGCHIFIAC;
=IGI I o=IHDOHNI >? =IHB?=CG?HNIM KO? ?MNO>;G IM @?HbG?HIM ? ;M =;OM;M

>; =LCGCH;FC>;>? ; J?LMIH;FC>;>? >I >?FCHKO?HN? ? ; MO; =IH>ON; >?FCNOIM; ?
;G;H?CL;>?L?MMI=C;FCTX
FIp[138]
?MM; LCGCHIFIAC; NL;>C=CIH;F CHC=C;>; JIL )IG<LIMI M?AOCO

M? ;
LCGCHIFIAC; =L_NC=; >? ;=IL>I =IG ; KO;F I ?MNO>I =LCGCHIFaAC=I >?P? NL;H
M=?H>?L I ?MNO>I N]=HC=I >I =LCGCHIMI M?O =IGJILN;G?HNI ?N= ;F=;H\;H>I

@;NIMG;CML?F?P;HN?M JIMC=CIH;H>I
M?@CFIMI@C=;G?HN?
9.5. #CFIMI@C;>I!CL?CNI

IGI NI>IM IM >?G;CM L;GIM >;M =C^H=C;M DOL_>C=;M I !CL?CNI -?H;F

*CFCN;L L?F;=CIH;
M? =IG ; #CFIMI@C; >I !CL?CNI =C^H=C; DOL_>C=; @OH>;G?HN;F
m ;I F;>I >; 1?ILC; $?L;F >I !CL?CNI ? >; 0I=CIFIAC; 'OL_>C=; m JILKO;HNI ;
CHP?MNCA;\[I >?MN; F?P; Y @CR;\[I >? JLCH=_JCIM FaAC=IM Y @ILGOF;\[I >? =IH
=?CNIM ? Y >?@CHC\[I >? =;N?AILC;M @OH>;G?HN;CM ? CH>CMJ?HMXP?CM Y ?F;<IL;\[I

>;F?CJ?H;F
!?MM;LN? PXLCIM =IH=?CNIM >? !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IHN^G ?G M?O
<IDI @OH>;G?HNIM @CFIMa@C=IM 0[I ?R?GJFIM =FXMMC=IM ; @ILGOF;\[I >IAGXN
C=; >I =IH=?CNI >? >IFI ? >? =OFJ; ; =IHMNLO\[I >; ?MNLONOL; DOL_>C=; >; =OFJ
;<CFC>;>? N?H>I I FCPL?

;L<_NLCI HI ?MNXACI ;NO;F =IGI JL?GCMM; >I >?M?H
PIFPCG?HNI >I L;=CI=_HCI IM JIMNOF;>IM >I J?L_I>I BOG;HCNXLCI KO? ?H=IH
NLIO H; &FOMNL;\[I M?OM G;CM @ILN?M JIMNOF;>IM CH@FO?H=C;H>I ?G KO?MNd?M

;@?N;M;IMFCGCN?M>;CHN?LP?H\[IJ?H;F Y@CH;FC>;>?>;J?H;?N=
9.6. 0I=CIFIAC;'OL_>C=;
"CM IONL; =C^H=C; DOL_>C=; @OH>;G?HN;F ;I ?MNO>I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F
*CFCN;L "HR?LA;H>I I @?HbG?HI DOL_>C=I =IGI OG @;NI MI=C;F CGJLCG? ;I
@;NI =LCGCHIMI =IG <;M? HI ?MNO>I >IM ;ALOJ;G?HNIM BOG;HIM I =;LXN?L >?
;FN?L;\[IMI=C;F KO?M?>XJILPXLCIM@;NIL?M CH?L?HN?M;I=IHP_PCIMI=C;F
+?MM? M?HNC>I I =LCG? ;F]G >? @;NI MI=C;F M?LC; @?HbG?HI CHN?A
L;HN? >I JLaJLCI >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI >; %OG;HC>;>? JILKO;HNI =IHMNCNOCLC;

OG CH>C=;>IL J;L; ; L?JL?MM[I >? =IH>ON;M "G IONLIM N?LGIM MIG?HN? M?
JI>? N?L ID?LCT; J?FI BIGC=_>CI ; J;LNCL >I GIG?HNI KO? ?MM? @;NI MOLA? HI
M?CI MI=C;F IO M?D; MIG?HN? ;JaM OG ?F?G?HNI >I =ILJI MI=C;F G;N;L M?O
M?G?FB;HN?
/?MM;FN?
M? KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F =?HNL;
M? H; =IH>ON; BOG;H; ; 0I
=CIFIAC; <OM=; ?MGCO\;L IM ;AFIG?L;>IM BOG;HIM J;L; JLIJIL=CIH;L I M?O

=IHB?=CG?HNI JLI@OH>I @OH=CIH;H>I JICM =IGI ?MNO>I JLI@CFXNC=I H;
?F;<IL;\[I>;MF?CM
9.7. !CL?CNI IHMNCNO=CIH;F

&HAL?MM;GIM ;AIL; HI ?MNO>I >; L?F;\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L

=IG IONLIM L;GIM >I !CL?CNI CHC=C;H>I J?FI L;GI @OH>;G?HN;F H;M=?>IOLI
>?NI>IIIL>?H;G?HNIDOL_>C=IPCA?HN?
, !CL?CNI IHMNCNO=CIH;F AO;L>; MCHAOF;L L?F;\[I =IG I !CL?CNI -?H
;F ;MNL?HM? JILKO;HNI ] MO; G;NLCT ;I G?MGI N?GJI KO? @ILH?=? PXLCIM

MO<M_>CIMJ;L;MO;CHN?LJL?N;\[I
+;M=? >; JLaJLC; +ILG; IHMNCNO=CIH;F ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ?RCMN^H
=C; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IGI =C^H=C; ;ONbHIG; ?MJ?=C;F ?G L;T[I JLCH
=CJ;FG?HN?>IKO?=IHMCAH;GIM;LNM ? g I >; #

>?G;CM >X
HIM CH>C=;NCPIM J;L; CHN?LJL?N;L ; HILG; J?H;F GCFCN;L
?PC>?H=C;H>I JIL ?R?GJFI I =IH=?CNI >? GCFCN;L ?RJ;H>C>I J?F; JL?PCM[I

>I ;LN >; ;LN; *;CIL ? ; C>?HNC@C=;\[I >I <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F GCFCN;L
=IG <;M? H; GCMM[I JL?=_JO; >;M ILA;HCT;\d?M GCFCN;L?M ;LNM ? >;
#?N=
&HN?L@?L? ;CH>; H; N?GXNC=; >;M J?H;M JILKO;HNI ILC?HN; I F?ACM
F;>IL IL>CHXLCI ; N?L ; >CAHC>;>? >; J?MMI; BOG;H; =IGI @OH>;G?HNI ;I

G?MGIN?GJIKO??R=?J=CIH;;J?H;=;JCN;F?P?>;;>?=;LXN?LJ?LJ]NOI
9.8. !CL?CNI>GCHCMNL;NCPI
, !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?H=IHNL; HI !CL?CNI >GCHCMNL;NCPI OG;
=IGJF?G?HN;LC>;>? CHKO?MNCIHXP?F H; G?>C>; ?G KO? PXLC;M >CMJIMC\d?M
J?H;CM>?J?H>?G>;CHN?LJL?N;\[I>;>;J?FI!CL?CNI>GCHCMNL;NCPI
0[I ?R?GJFIM >?MM; =IGJF?G?HN;\[I ; =IGJL??HM[I >? GCFCN;L >;

L?M?LP; L?@ILG;>I CH=ILJIL;>I m =IH>C\[I ?RCAC>; HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN
>I -* J;L; KO? ?MN?D; I GCFCN;L H; ;NCP; m <?G =IGI I =IH=?CNI >? MOJ?LC
ILBC?LXLKOC=I H[I?PC>?H=C;>IJ?FI;LN>I -*?N=

IGI M? >?HIN; ?G PXLC;M I=;MCd?M I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?MNX

I<LCA;>I;<?<?L>I!CL?CNI>GCHCMNL;NCPI
9.9. !CL?CNI>GCHCMNL;NCPI!CM=CJFCH;L
OGJL? G?H=CIH;L CHC=C;FG?HN? KO? =IHMC>?L;GIM I !CL?CNI >
GCHCMNL;NCPI !CM=CJFCH;L L;GI ;ONbHIGI >I !CL?CNI ?G L;T[I >? ?MN;L PCH=O
F;>I;JIMNOF;>IM?JLCH=_JCIMJLaJLCIM
+?MM? M?HNC>I "A<?LNI *;C; )OT ; =IG?\;L J?FI N_NOFI >? OG; >?
MO;M I<L;M[139] HCNC>;G?HN? P^ ; ;ONIHIGC; >I !CL?CNI !CM=CJFCH;L "HMCH;
I CHMCAH? ;>GCHCMNL;NCPCMN; KO? I !CL?CNI >GCHCMNL;NCPI !CM=CJFCH;L ?MNX

o=IG I<D?NI JLaJLCI =IG HILG;M ?MJ?=_@C=;M =IG =;GJI >?FCGCN;>I
JIL]G H[I >CMN;HN? >; MCMN?GXNC=; >; >GCHCMNL;\[I -e<FC=; KO? ?G<IL;
H[I I >?@?LCH>I ;I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI =IHM;AL;
FB? HILG;M ? JLCH=_JCIM KO?
?MN? ;>IN; KO?L ;FAOG;M >? H;NOL?T; =CPCF ? GOCN;M IONL;M >? H;NOL?T; J?H;F
?JLI=?MMO;FJ?H;Fp[140]
&H=ILJIL;H>I ?MM; JL?GCMM; JI>?

M? ;MM?P?L;L KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F
*CFCN;L ? I !CL?CNI >GCHCMNL;NCPI !CM=CJFCH;L *CFCN;L M? L?F;=CIH;G >?
@ILG; CHN?HM; DOMN;G?HN? JIL N?L ; BC?L;LKOC; ? ; >CM=CJFCH; =IGI <;M? >?
NI>; ; ?MNLONOL; DOL_>C=; =IHMNLO_>; L?MOFN;H>I ?G OG; L?F;\[I GOCNI JLaR
CG; ?HNL? I CF_=CNI J?H;F GCFCN;L ? I CF_=CNI >CM=CJFCH;L "MM; L?F;\[I G?L?=? ;F
AOHM=IG?HNXLCIM>?NC>IM IKO?J;MM;L?GIM;@;T?L;J;LNCL>?;AIL;
, GCFCN;L ; ?R?GJFI >I M?LPC>IL Je<FC=I =CPCF ?MNX MOD?CNI ; OG;

NL_JFC=? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? HI KO? N;HA? ;IM ;NIM CF_=CNIM KO? JL;NC=; V >CT?L
KO? I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L JIL ?R?GJFI ;I JL;NC=;L OG; =IH>ON; CLL?AOF;L
JI>?LX MI@L?L =IHM?KO^H=C;M H;M ?M@?L;M J?H;F =CPCF ? ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; 0IG?
M? ; ?MM;M ?M@?L;M ; CGJLI<C>;>? ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; ?HR?LA;>; =IGI KO;LN; PC;

>? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I =IG @OF=LI HI ;LN >; )?C H >? >? DOHBI >?
[141]

L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; ?H=IHNL; M?O >?FCH?;G?HNI HIM

?MN;NONIM ? L?AOF;G?HNIM >CM=CJFCH;L?M I KO? =IFIL? ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ?G
L?F?PI =IG ; >?MCAH;\[I >? >CM=CJFCH;L "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M MOLA? ; =B;G;>;
L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI
>CM=CJFCH;L IO MCGJF?MG?HN? L?MJIHM;<CF
C>;>? >CM=CJFCH;L >IM GCFCN;L?M L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F JIL MO; P?T =IH
B?=? M?OM =IHNILHIM H;M F?CM J?H;CM ?G ?MJ?=C;F J;L; HIMMI L;=CI=_HCI HI
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L -IL @CG ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? =CPCF ?H=IHNL; =IGI HILG;
GINLCT I a>CAI CPCF MI<L? I KO;F H[I N?=?L?GIM =IG?HNXLCIM JIL @OACL ;I
HIMMI?M=IJI
, JIHNI =?HNL;F >; >CM=OMM[I >?MM;LN? L?MC>? ?G ?HN?H>?L =IGI M?

JLI=?MM; H; PCM[I >IONLCHXLC; ; CHN?L;\[I >?MM;M ?M@?L;M IO M?D; >?P?
M?
;P?LCAO;L J;L; I L;=CI=_HCI KO? M? ;@CAOL; M? ;M ?M@?L;M M[I CH>?J?H>?HN?M
IO H[I ?HNL? MC JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? HI KO? M? L?@?L? Y L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J?H;F
GCFCN;L?;>GCHCMNL;NCP;
-;L; ; ;<IL>;A?G >?MM? ;MJ?=NI >?P?

M? =CH>CL ; >CM=OMM[I MI< >ICM
?H@IKO?M ; =IH=?J\[I >IM CF_=CNIM J?H;F GCFCN;L ? >CM=CJFCH;L ? I JLI=?M
M;G?HNI>?MM?MCF_=CNIM
"G JLCG?CLI JF;HI HI KO? =IH=?LH? Y =IH=?J\[I >I CF_=CNI >CM=CJ
FCH;L ? I CF_=CNI J?H;F GCFCN;L >?P?

M? >CM=ONCL M? BX >C@?L?H\; ?HNL? ?F?M ? ?G
B;P?H>I KO;F ] ?MM; >C@?L?H\; "MM; >CM=OMM[I @LCM?
M? NIG; FOA;L H; >CM
=OMM[I H[I JLIJLC;G?HN? MI<L? I CF_=CNI JL;NC=;>I ? MCG MI<L? ; =IHM?KO^H
=C;>ICF_=CNI IOM?D; ;J?H;?;M;H\[I>CM=CJFCH;L
-;L; ;FAOHM BX MCG OG; >C@?L?H\; G;M =IHMCMNCH>I ?F; ?G OG;

=IH=?J\[I KO;FCN;NCP; "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M ; >C@?L?H\; ?HNL? ; J?H; =LCGCH;F
? ; M;H\[I >CM=CJFCH;L oJ?H; >CM=CJFCH;Lp JILN;HNI ?HNL? =LCG? GCFCN;L ?
NL;HMAL?MM[I ] MO<MN;H=C;F >? MILN? KO? I CF_=CNI >CM=CJFCH;L M? >C@?L?H=C; >I

J?H;F GCFCN;L ?G @;=? >I I<D?NI >? CH=C>^H=C; >C@?L?HN? HOG =;MI ? HIONLI
+?MM? M?HNC>I >CT /IA]LCI )O_M *;LKO?M >? *?FFI ;LLCG;>I ?G );<;H> ?
L?N?FF; 'eHCIL KO? openas disciplinares no so castigos, no sentido do
direito penal, mas meios de que dispe o Estado para assegurar a boa ordem no servio e a observncia dos deveres prescritosrp[142]
-LIMM?AO?=IH=FOCH>IKO?

..., em suma, enquanto a pena criminal visa ressocializar o indivduo diante da perturbao causada ordem pblica, a sano disciplinar
resulta da necessidade de proteo de uma ordem administrativa interna,
de valores de hierarquia, subordinao, coordenao entre os mltiplos
funcionrios pblicos ou tutela de peculiares deveres profissionais (Osrio,
2000, p. 126)[143].
*;CM;CH>; KO?
... os objetivos do direito administrativo disciplinar, conforme Nieto (1994) citado por Osrio (2000, p. 119), esto intimamente vinculados
busca de interesses gerais e pblicos, o que impede uma contaminao penalista inspirada exclusivamente por la obsesin de las garantas individuales. Es obvio, desde luego, que ningum jurista autntico se opondr
nunca a la ampliacin y consolidacin de tales garantas, que son irrenunciables; pero tampoco es lcito pretender agotar en ellas el contenido del
Derecho pblico, cuya vertiente fundamental es la promocin y garanta de
los intereses generales y colectivos[144].
-;L; IONLIM HI ?HN;HNI ; >C@?L?H\; ?HNL? ;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M >; JLXN
C=; >I CF_=CNI J?H;F GCFCN;L ? ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI ? >?MM; @ILG; >; JLaJLC;
H;NOL?T; >IM CF_=CNIM H[I ] MO<MN;H=C;F KO;FCN;NCP; ? MCG >? AL;>;\[I
KO;HNCN;NCP; IO M?D; I CF_=CNI J?H;F GCFCN;L ? I CF_=CNI >CM=CJFCH;L JIMMO?G I

G?MGI I<D?NI ;PCFN;G I G?MGI <?G >; PC>; ;J?H;M >C@?L?H=C;H>I
M? H;
AL;>;\[I >? ;@LIHN; HOG =;MI ? HIONLI +?MM? M?HNC>I )e=C; 3;FF?
#CAO?CL?>I
Deveras, a diferena fundamental entre as sanes administrativas e as penais est apenas na gravidade da infrao.
Enfatizamos que as sanes administrativas tm carter repressivo, porm para infraes consideradas pelo legislador como potencialmente menos agressivas. O ilcito administrativo punido, por isso mesmo,
com sanes administrativas, e no com penas privativas de liberdade ou

penas alternativas, como modernamente tambm se pode utilizar quando

se tratar de sanes penais[145].
IG ?@?CNI J;L?=?
HIM G;CM ;>?KO;>; ; =IH=FOM[I J?F; PCM[I
KO;HNCN;NCP; ? H[I KO;FCN;NCP; IO M?D; CF_=CNI ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI ? CF_=CNI J?H;F
GCFCN;L JIMMO?G >C@?L?H\;M ;J?H;M HI KO? =IH=?LH? Y CHN?HMC>;>? >? PCIF
;\[I >? OG <?G DOL_>C=I NON?F;>I HILG;NCP;G?HN? KO? JI>? =ICH=C>CL H;M
>O;MMCNO;\d?M
/?MJ;F>;H>I?MM;PCM[I =CN;GIM#L?>?LC=I*;AHI>?*?FI3?L;M
o"PC>?HN?G?HN? KO? ;M NL;HMAL?MMd?M GCFCN;L?M H[I @;T?G J;LN? >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L G;M MCG >I !CL?CNI -?H;F !CM=CJFCH;L >?MM; @ILG;
JI>?L
M?
C; >? JLIHNI ;@CLG;L KO? >? H;>; ;>C;HN; M?O ?R;G? J;L; OG
?MNO>I>?P?LC@C=;\[I>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?HIM=LCG?MJLIJLC;G?HN?GCFCN;L?M
+; P?L>;>? H[I ] ;MMCG JICM M? ] =?LNI KO? ;M NL;HMAL?MMd?M GCFCN
;L?M H[I M[I =LCG?M ?G GOCNIM =;MIM NILH;

M? ?PC>?HN? KO? =?LNIM =LCG?M
JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M H;>; G;CM M[I KO? ; elevao ;I status >? =LCG? >?
=IGJILN;G?HNIM>?CH>CM=CJFCH;GCFCN;L>?=IHMC>?LXP?FAL;PC>;>?p[146]
IGI ?R?GJFIM NIG?G

M? ; BC?L;LKOC; ? ; ;ONILC>;>? GCFCN;L?M
+I =LCG? >? >?ML?MJ?CNI ; MOJ?LCIL ;LN >I -* HIN;>;G?HN? ; JLXN
C=; >I >?FCNI ] L?=IHB?=C>; KO;H>I BX OG; ;@LIHN; ; ?MM?M <?G DOL_>C=IM
JIL]G OG; ;@LIHN; =IHMC>?LXP?F ; JIHNI >? G?L?=?L ; NON?F; J?H;F GCFCN;L
JILKO;HNI =IGI DX >CMJOM?GIM ?G HIG? >; MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? ? >; @L;AG?HN
;LC?>;>? JLaJLC;M >I !CL?CNI -?H;F nullum crimen sine iniuria -IL IONLI
<IL>I ?R?GJFC@C=;NCP;G?HN? I H >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >; )?C IGJF?G?HN
;L H >? >? G;L\I >? /?AOF;G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L
>I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI >CMJd? M?L NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L >? H;NOL?T;
AL;P? I ;NI >? M? >CLCACL >? M? L?@?LCL IO >? L?MJIH>?L ; MOJ?LCIL >? GI>I
>?ML?MJ?CNIMI +;NOL;FG?HN? ;G<IM CF_=CNIM J?H;F GCFCN;L ? ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI
>CM=CJFCH;L N^G JIL I<D?NI ; >CM=CJFCH; ? ; ;ONILC>;>? GCFCN;L?M F?M;>; HI

JLCG?CLI=;MI>?@ILG;G;CM;PCFN;HN?

+?MM? =IHN?RNI N;G<]G >?P? M?L L?P?F;>I KO? ; ?RNL?G; AL;PC>;>?

>; ;@LIHN; ;I <?G DOL_>C=I ?G<IL; =IH@CAOL? I CF_=CNI J?H;F H[I ;@;MN;LX ;
=ILL?F;N; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L HI G?MGI ?JCMa>CI JI>?H>I I ;ONIL MI
@L?L ; L?JL?MM[I J?H;F ? ; L?JL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L G;L=;H>I

M? OG; L?F;NCP;
CH>?J?H>^H=C;>;M?M@?L;MHIKO?=IH=?LH?YCGJIMC\[I>;M;H\[I=ILL?F;N;
?>C\I H; >IONLCH; KO? ;M ?M@?L;M J?H;F ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; ? =CPCF @OH
=CIH;G >? GI>I ;ONbHIGI ? B;LGbHC=I HI KO? >CT L?MJ?CNI Y CGJIMC\[I >?
MO;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M ; M;<?L ; CGJIMC\[I >; J?H; =LCGCH;F >; M;H\[I >CM=CJ
FCH;L ? ; I<LCA;\[I >? L?J;L;L I >;HI F;LI KO? =;MIM ?RCMNCL[I ?G KO? OG;
?MN;LXPCH=OF;>;YIONL; G;MCMMII=ILL?LXJIL?R=?\[I
+I KO? M? L?@?L? ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? YM ?M@?L;M J?H;F GCFCN;L ? >CM=CJ
FCH;L BX OG; N?H>^H=C; ; M? =IGJL??H>?L ?G JLCH=_JCI KO? =IHMNCNO?G ?F;M

=_L=OFIM =IH=^HNLC=IM I KO? J?LGCN? ;@CLG;L KO? H?G NI>; NL;HMAL?MM[I ]
=LCG? G;M NI>I =LCG? ] NL;HMAL?MM[I "G IONLIM N?LGIM >?P?
M? L?=IHB?=?L
KO? OG; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L JI>? M?L JOHC>; ;ONIHIG;G?HN? G?MGI
KO? ;KO?F? @;NI H[I =IH@CAOL? OG =LCG? =IGOG IO GCFCN;L IHNO>I >C
;HN? >? OG =LCG? JL;NC=;>I JIL OG GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I JIL ?R?GJFI ?G L?
AL; B;P?LX OG; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L =ILL?F;N; PCMNI KO? OG >IM >?P?L?M
>CM=CJFCH;L?M HIM /?AOF;G?HNIM !CM=CJFCH;L?M *CFCN;L?M ] I >? L?MJ?CN;L ; F?C
JI>?H>I
M? >CT?L KO? KO?G =IG?N? OG =LCG? H[I L?MJ?CN; ; F?C JILN;HNI ]
CH>CM=CJFCH;>I ? =IHM?KO?HN?G?HN? G?L?=? ; M;H\[I >CM=CJFCH;L "MN; ?G L?
AL; H[I ] ;<MILPC>; J?F; J?H; ;JFC=;>; JI>?H>I B;P?L ; =I?RCMN^H=C; >?
JOHC\[I>CM=CJFCH;L?J?H; M?GF?M[I;IJLCH=_JCI ne bis in idem
F;LI KO? ?MM; L?;FC>;>? JI>? GOCNI <?G JIL F?C IO >?=L?NI J;L;
IM KO? ;MMCG ;>GCN?G M?L >CP?LM; DX KO? ; 2HC[I IO OG; 2HC>;>? #?>?L
;NCP; JI>?LX ?G MO; F?ACMF;\[I >CM=CJFCH;L ;NL?F;L ;<MIFON;G?HN? ; L?
MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >CM=CJFCH;L Y J?H;F "G IONLIM N?LGIM ; F?C >CM=CJFCH;L ?M
J?=_@C=; JI>?LX L?=IHB?=?L ; CH>?J?H>^H=C; >;M ?M@?L;M M?>CG?HN;H>I I KO?

; >IONLCH; >?@?H>? NL;T?H>I IO H[I ;FAOG;M ?R=?\d?M IO ?HN[I >?CR;L ; ?M
@?L; >CM=CJFCH;L NIN;FG?HN? ;NL?F;>; Y ?M@?L; J?H;F CH=FOMCP? @;T?H>I =IG KO?
?MN;;<MILP;;KO?F;

IGI ?R?GJFI NIG?

M? I /?AOF;G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L >I "R]L=CNI
L;MCF?CLI /
;JLIP;>I J?FI !?=L?NI @?>?L;F H >? >? ;AIMNI >?
? M?AOC>I N;G<]G JIL PXLC;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M >I L;MCF /?@?LC>I >CJ
FIG; ;JL?M?HN; ?G M?O ;LN >CMJIMC\d?M ;J;L?HN?G?HN? =IHNL;>CNaLC;M

;=?L=;>;CH>?J?H>^H=C;>;M?M@?L;M
"G JLCG?CLI JF;HI =IHMC>?L; HI g I KO? ; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH
;L ] MO<MC>CXLC; Y CH@L;\[I J?H;F JILKO;HNI =IHMCAH; KO? KO;H>I o; =IH>ON;

JL;NC=;>; ?MNCP?L NCJC@C=;>; ?G F?C =IGI =LCG? IO =IHNL;P?H\[I J?H;F H[I M?
=;L;=N?LCT;LX NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;Lp NL;>C=CIH;F =IH=?J\[I M?AOH>I ;
KO;F I !CL?CNI -?H;F ? I !CL?CNI !CM=CJFCH;L =IHMCMN?G ?G ?M@?L;M =IH=^H
NLC=;M JILN;HNI JIL OG; IJ\[I HILG;NCP; @IC ;FN?L;>; >? MILN? KO? B;P
?H>IOG=LCG? JIL?R?GJFI H[IM?@;F;LX?GNL;HMAL?MM[I>CM=CJFCH;L
OLCIM;G?HN? HI ?HN;HNI I g I >CMJd? KO? ;M oL?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?M

H;M ?M@?L;M =_P?F =LCGCH;F ? ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; M[I CH>?J?H>?HN?M ?HNL? MC ? JI
>?G M?L ;JOL;>;M =IH=IGCN;HN?G?HN?p =IHM;AL;H>I ; NL_JFC=? L?MJIHM;<CF
C>;>? -I>? J;L?=?L =IHNL;>CNaLCI I ;KOC JL?PCMNI =IG ; L?AL; >I J;LXAL;@I
;HN?LCIL DX KO? B;P?H>I =LCG? H[I B;P?LX NL;HMAL?MM[I NI>;PC; J;L?=?

?MN? >CMJIMCNCPI >CL?=CIH;>I H[I Y =IH=?J\[I >I CF_=CNI >CM=CJFCH;L G;M Y
;JOL;\[I >?MM? CF_=CNI IO M?D; JLI=?MM;G?HNI ;MJ?=NI KO? M?LX ;<IL>;>I
G;CM;>C;HN?
MMCG MI; =IH=?J\[I >IM CF_=CNIM >CM=CJFCH;L ? J?H;F
HI JF;HI >? ?MNO>I >I /?AOF;G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L >I "R]L=CNI JI>?

M? ;@CLG;L
KO? ; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L M?LX ;<MILPC>; J?FI =LCG? KO;H>I M? ;FCHB;L
?G MI< ; ILC?HN;\[I >? NON?F; >I G?MGI <?G DOL_>C=I "MM; =IH=?J\[I HIN?
M? ] L;NC@C=;>; J?FI g I >I ;LN KO? >CMJd? KO? HI o=IH=OLMI >? =LCG? ?
NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L KO;H>I @IL?G >; G?MG; H;NOL?T; ?MN; ] ;<MILPC>;
JIL ;KO?F? ? ;JFC=;
M? MIG?HN? ; J?H; L?F;NCP; ;I =LCG?p 3?LC@CKO?
M? KO?
?MM; L?;FC>;>? HILG;NCP; ;J?H;M =IHM;AL; ; PCM[I >? KO? =LCG? ? NL;HM
AL?MM[I JIMMO?G >CMNCH\[I KO;HNCN;NCP; ? H[I KO;FCN;NCP; GOCNI ?G<IL;

JOH;
M? H?MN? =;MI ;J?H;M I =LCG? -IL IONLI <IL>I ; MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? >;
NL;HMAL?MM[I ?G @OH\[I >I =LCG? H[I =IHMNCNOC PCM[I I<LCA;NaLC; J;L; NI>;M

;M &HMNCNOC\d?M *CFCN;L?M JI>?H>I B;P?L JL?PCM[I >CP?LM; HI M?HNC>I >?

I=ILL?LIM;H=CIH;G?HNI>?;G<IMIMCF_=CNIMJIL@IL\;>?F?C?MJ?=_@C=;
!?MM;LN? L?MOGCH>I ; =IH=?J\[I >I CF_=CNI >CM=CJFCH;L ? >I CF_=CNI

J?H;F ?G @;=? >I /
;>IN;>I J?FI "R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI ? JIL PXLC;M -IF_=C;M
*CFCN;L?M ? ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M >I L;MCF ?HN?H>?
M? KO? ; JL?
PCM[I >I g I >I ;LN L;NC@C=; I >CMJIMNI HI g I >I G?MGI ;LNCAI JIL]G
I<PC;G?HN? J;L; NL;HMAL?MMd?M KO? JIMM;G M?L I =;GCHBI >I =LCG? CH>C=
;H>I ; F?M[I ;I G?MGI <?G DOL_>C=I JLIN?AC>I J?FI NCJI J?H;F ? J?FI NCJI
NL;HMAL?MMCIH;FMMCG JI>?LC;GM?L=OHB;>;M>O;MBCJaN?M?M
; =LCG? =IG?NC>I JIL GCFCN;L MOD?CNI ;I /

que no possua ?R
JL?MM; NL;HMAL?MM[I =ILL?F;N; HI H?RI & >?MM? /?AOF;G?HNI KO? NL;T ;M

NL;HMAL?MMd?M ?G ?MJ]=C? HIM N?LGIM >I g I >I ;LN H[I M? =;L;=N?LCT
;LX ; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L B;P?H>I ;J?H;M ; J?LM?=O\[I =LCGCH;F =IGI

?R?GJFI HI =;MI >? OG BIGC=_>CI ;J?H;M B;P?LX ; ;JFC=;\[I >? M;H\[I
J?H;F ? MIG?HN? I CF_=CNI J?H;F M?LX =IHMC>?L;>I OG; P?T KO? M? NL;N; >? OG
=LCG? KO? M?LX =IHMC>?L;>I ?G FOA;L >; NL;HMAL?MM[I DX KO? I ;H?RI & >I
/
H[I=IHN?GJF;=IH>ON;=IGIoG;N;L;FAO]Gp
; =LCG? =IG?NC>I JIL GCFCN;L MOD?CNI ;I /

que possua ?RJL?MM;
NL;HMAL?MM[I =ILL?F;N; HI H?RI & >?MM? /?AOF;G?HNI KO? NL;T ;M NL;HM
AL?MMd?M ?G ?MJ]=C? ;M NL;HMAL?MMd?M =ILL?F;N;M JI>?G ?RCMNCL ;ONIHIG;
G?HN? JIL ?R?GJFI KO;H>I ; =IH>ON; H[I @IL >IN;>; >? F?MCPC>;>? MO@C
=C?HN? J;L; G?L?=?L CHN?LP?H\[I J?H;F nullum crimen sine iniuria =IH
NO>I KO;H>I =IHMC>?L;>; ; =IH>ON; =IGI OG =LCG? JIL IJ\[I HILG;NCP;

>I g I >I ;LN >I /
; L?JL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L >;LX FOA;L Y L?JL?MM[I J?H
;F H[I B;P?H>I JOHC\[I >CM=CJFCH;L =IGI ?R?GJFI NIG?

M? I H >I H?RI
& >I /
KO? =IHMC>?L; NL;HMAL?MM[I I ;NI >? >?CR;L >? JOHCL I MO<IL>CH;>I
KO? =IG?N?L NL;HMAL?MM[I M;FPI H; I=ILL^H=C; >;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M >? DOMNC
@C=;\[I JL?PCMN;M HI JLaJLCI /?AOF;G?HNI HIN?

M? KO? BX ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >?
?MM; =IH>ON; M?L MO<MOGC>; J?F; JLXNC=; >?FCNCP; >; =IH>?M=?H>^H=C; =LCG
CHIM; ;LN >I -* B;P?H>I I =IH=OLMI >? =LCG? ? >? NL;HMAL?MM[I ?R
JL?MM; JL?P;F?=?H>I;KO?F??G>?NLCG?HNI>?MN;

#LCM?
M? KO? JI>? J;L?=?L ?MNL;HB; ; ;JFC=;\[I >? J?H; M?G KO?
B;D; ; =IHM?KO?HN? JOHC\[I >CM=CJFCH;L ;JFC=;>; JIL ;ONILC>;>? ;>GCHCM
NL;NCP; GILG?HN? ?G =IH>?H;\d?M =LCGCH;CM JIL J?H;M MOJ?LCIL?M ; >ICM

;HIM IO KO? CGJILN?G ?G CH=IGJ;NC<CFC>;>? IO CH>CAHC>;>? J;L; I >?M?G
J?HBI >; ;NCPC>;>? GCFCN;L IHNO>I ; ?MNL;HB?T; ] >CMMCJ;>; M? @IL?G =IH
MC>?L;>;M ;M J?H;M ;=?MMaLC;M ? IM ?@?CNIM >; =IH>?H;\[I "G IONLIM N?LGIM

OG GCFCN;L >I "R]L=CNI KO? M?D; =IH>?H;>I Y J?H; >? ICNI ;HIM >? L?=FOM[I
JIL =LCG? GCFCN;L >? LIOI -* ?G<IL; H[I JI>?H>I M?L JOH
C>I Y FOT >I /

GOCNI JLIP;P?FG?HN? H[I J?LG;H?=?LX H;M @CF?CL;M >; &H
MNCNOC\[I DX KO? M? @IL -L;\; JI>?LX M?L

FB? ;JFC=;>; ; J?H; ;=?MMaLC; >? ?R
=FOM[I >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M JL?PCMN; HI ;LN >I -* m @LCM?

M? KO? >C@?L
?HN?G?HN? >;M -L;\;M >;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M ? >IM ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CF
CN;L?M ;LN g I >; # ;M -L;\;M >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M H[I JIMMO?G ;
JL?LLIA;NCP; >? @ILI J;L; ; J?L>; >; AL;>O;\[I m ? M? @IL ,@C=C;F M?LX MO<
G?NC>I Y ;P;FC;\[I >; CH>CAHC>;>? J;L; I ,@C=C;F;NI J?L;HN? I 0OJ?LCIL

1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L HIM N?LGIM >IM CH=CMIM 3& ? 3&& >I g I >I ;LN >; #
"G =LCG?M =IGOHM ; =IH>?H;\[I JI>?LX CGJILN;L J;L; ; -L;\; H; ;J
FC=;\[I >; J?L>; >; @OH\[I Je<FC=; HIM N?LGIM >;M F?NL;M a ? b >I CH=CMI & >I
- ? M?,@C=C;F N;G<]GB;P?LX;P;FC;\[I]NC=;J?FI01*
"MM; @IC ; IJ\[I >; 2HC[I J;L; IM GCFCN;L?M >I "R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI I
KO? H[I H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? =IGI DX G?H=CIH;>I ?G HIG? >I oJ;=NI @?>?L;N
CPIp PCH=OF; IM "MN;>IM CHN?AL;HN?M >; #?>?L;\[I V >CT?L JIL IONL;M F?NL;M
KO? IM "MN;>IM H[I JL?=CM;G H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? M?AOCL ?MM? PC]M ;CH>; G;CM M?
@IL @CLG;>I I ;=?LN;>I ?HN?H>CG?HNI >? KO? I ;LN >I !?=L?NI
)?C H
>?>?DOFBI>? F?M;;;ONIHIGC;>IM?HN?M@?>?L;NCPIM[147]
+I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI J;L; N?L IONLI J;LZG?NLI ; IJ\[I F?ACM
F;NCP; @IC >CP?LM; >; ;=CG; ?RJIMN; , oF?ACMF;>IL <;H>?CL;HN?p IJNIO JIL
MCGJF?M ? =F;L; >CMJIMC\[I ; =IHM;AL;L ; CH>?J?H>^H=C; >;M ?M@?L;M >? L?
MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I +I g I >I ;LN >; DX G?H=CIH;>; )?C IGJF?G?HN;L H

>CMJd?
M? KO? ; ;JFC=;\[I >;M J?H;M >CM=CJFCH;L?M JL?PCMN;M HI
/?AOF;G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L CH>?J?H>? >I L?MOFN;>I >? ?P?HNO;F ;\[I J?H;F
#C=; =F;LI KO? N;HNI H; =IH=?J\[I >I CF_=CNI >CM=CJFCH;L ?G @;=? >I CF_=CNI

J?H;F =IGI HI JLI=?MM;G?HNI >I JLCG?CLI I F?ACMF;>IL M?AOCO ; L?AL; >; CH
>?J?H>^H=C; >;M ?M@?L;M M?G ?RJL?MM;M ?R=?\d?M =IGI I=ILL?O HI /

M
?R=?\d?M Y CH>?J?H>^H=C; >;M M?;L;M >? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I NI>;PC; M[I L?
=IHB?=C>;MJIL@LONI>;>IONLCH;?>;DOLCMJLO>^H=C;
1?HB;
M? JIL JL?GCMM; JILN;HNI KO? ?G 0[I -;OFI OG; NL;HM
AL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L JI>? M?L ;ONbHIG; M?G KO? =IH@CAOL? >?FCNI G;M
G?MGI KO? I @;NI =IH@CAOL? OG =LCG? GCFCN;L IO =IGOG ; =;L;=N?LCT;\[I ?

I M;H=CIH;G?HNI >I CF_=CNI >CM=CJFCH;L NIG;L[I =ILJI JI>?H>I =I?RCMNCL OG
;NIJOHCNCPI>CM=CJFCH;LM;H\[I>CM=CJFCH;L?OG;J?H;
"MM; PCM[I BX KO? M? L?MM;FN;L DX ?H=IHNL; AO;LC>; HI 0OJL?GI
1LC<OH;F#?>?L;F>?M>? =IGIM?P?LC@C=;H;M?AOCHN??G?HN;
o*+!!, !" 0"$2/+U 0"/3&!,/ -y)& , m

!"*&00k, -w0 -/, "00, !*&+&01/1&3, !&0 &-)&+/
)"$)&!!" ! -2+&Uk, -)& Uk, !, /1 -/ I !
,+01&12&Uk, #"!"/) /1 & &3 5 " 5& ! )"&
G;N?LC;FC>;>? ? ;ONILC; >IM @;NIM CF_=CNIM >?P?L[I M?L ;JOL;>;M ?G JLI=?MMI

;>GCHCMNL;NCPI >CM=CJFCH;L L?AOF;L ;MM?AOL;H>I ;I CGJON;>I ; ;GJF; >?@?M;
? I =IHNL;>CNaLCI >GCHCMNL;\[I >?P?LX ;JFC=;L ;I M?LPC>IL =IGJLIP;
>;G?HN? @;FNIMI ; J?H;FC>;>? =;<_P?F H; @ILG; >I ;LNCAI J;L I >; IH
MNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F == I ;LN & &3 5 ? 5& >; )?C H &H?RCMN^H
=C; >? ;AL?MM[I ; >CL?CNI F_KOC>I ? =?LNI >I CGJ?NL;HN? OG; P?T KO? ;M >?
=CMd?M ?MN[I ?G J?L@?CN; =IHMIHZH=C; =IG ; HILG; F?A;F ;JFC=;>; ;OM^H
=C; >? >?=CM[I DO>C=C;F =IG NLZHMCNI ?G DOFA;>I H[I NILH; HOFI I ;NI >?GCM
MaLCI JICM ; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; >CM=CJFCH;L IO ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; CH>?J?H>? >;

=IH=FOM[I >IM JLI=?MMIM =CPCM ? J?H;CM ?P?HNO;FG?HN? CHMN;OL;>IM ?G L;T[I
>IM G?MGIM @;NIM 0?AOL;H\; CH>?@?LC>;p 01# *0 0 L?F *CH
*IL?CL;FP?M D

,ONLI JIHNI L?F?P;HN? ] @CLG;L KO? ?G L?AL; =LCG? ? NL;HMAL?MM[I

=IGJd?G ?M@?L;M =IH=^HNLC=;M >? GI>I KO? ?G JLCH=_JCI NI>I =LCG?
=IH@CAOL;
M? ?G OG; NL;HMAL?MM[I JOH_P?F "MM; L?F;\[I ] JL?=CMI KO? M?
L?MM;FN? =IHB?=?O L?=?HN? KO?MNCIH;G?HNI >CAHI >? HIN; "G OG =;MI HI

"MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI OG -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L @IC =IH>?H;>I Y J?H; >? L?=FOM[I >?
;HIM J?F; JLXNC=; >I >?FCNI >? BIGC=_>CI J?LJ?NL;>I ?G >? G;L\I >?
=IG M?HN?H\; NL;HMCN;>; ?G DOFA;>I ?G >? G;CI >? J?M;L >?
M? NL;N;L >? =LCG? GCFCN;L =IG ; ?>C\[I >; )?C H IM ;ONIM @IL;G
L?G?NC>IM Y 'OMNC\; IGOG I KO? F?PIO I DOFA;G?HNI ? ; =IH>?H;\[I J;L; I
I 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC >; ;JCN;F -LI= H "G @;=? >; =IH>?H;\[I
I ;ONIL >I @;NI @IC MO<G?NC>I ; OG JLI=?MMI ]NC=I >? -?L>; >? $L;>O;\[I >?
-L;\; J?L;HN? I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L -$- H ;LLCG;>I HI
?HN?H>CG?HNI >;KO?F; ILN? >? KO? FB? =;<?LC; ; =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; N;HNI ;L
LCG;>I HI KO? >CMJd? I g I >I ;LN >; # MCNO;\[I =IH=L?N; JILN
;HNI ?L; ; >? OG -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L =IH>?H;>I >?@CHCNCP;G?HN? JIL =LCG? KO?
H; PCM[I NC>; =IGI L?AL; N?LC; =IGI =IHM?KO^H=C; ; J?L>; >? MO; AL;>O;\[I
? ?G M?AOC>; ; ;JFC=;\[I >; M;H\[I >CM=CJFCH;L >? >?GCMM[I M?AOH>I CGJd?

; ;F_H?; b >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN >; )?C IGJF?G?HN;L H "H
NL?N;HNI H[I @IC I KO? I=ILL?O , P ;=aL>[I MI< L?F;NILC; >I 'OCT ?F -*
PCP;F>C +IAO?CL; 'eHCIL ?HN?H>?O KO? I -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L H[I G?L?=C; J?L
>?L ; AL;>O;\[I DOFA;H>I JIL PINIM ; CGJLI=?>?HN? ; L?JL?M?HN;\[I >I

*CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I H?MM? M?HNC>I IGI ;LAOG?HNI ; >?=CM[I F?PIO ?G =IH
MC>?L;\[I KO? ; PC>; JLI@CMMCIH;F >I GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I >?M>? ; ]JI=; >; JLXN
C=; >I >?FCNI ;N] I ;HI >I DOFA;G?HNI @IL; G;L=;>; JIL OG; =IH>ON; CFC<;>;
JIL L?F?P;HN?M M?LPC\IM JL?MN;>IM CH>C=;H>I OG; >?M?DXP?F L?=OJ?L;\[I ;JaM
I AL;P? >?FCNI J?FI KO;F @IC =IH>?H;>I "G<IL; JIMM;G ;FAOHM KO?MNCIH;L ;
>?=CM[I >I "AL]ACI 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?G<IL; CGJ?\; ; ;JFC=;\[I
>;M M;H\d?M >? >?GCMM[I ? >? ?RJOFM[I Y JL;\; -* H[I CGJIMMC<CFCN;LC; ;
;JFC=;\[I >? IONL; ?MJ]=C? >? M;H\[I >CM=CJFCH;L H[I ?R=FOMaLC; ; ?R?GJFI >;
>?N?H\[I M?>CG?HN;H>I
M? ;MMCG ;PCM[I>??M@?L;M=IH=^HNLC=;M
"G<IL; M? N?HB; @CLG;>I ; CH>?J?H>^H=C; >;M ?M@?L;M M[I L?=IH
B?=C>;M HI "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI ;FAOG;M ?R=?\d?M NI>;M ?F;M <?G >?FCH?;>;M
J?F;DOLCMJLO>^H=C;?J?F;>IONLCH; ?H[IJ?F;F?C>CM=CJFCH;LJ;OFCMN;
P;FC;H>I ;J?H;M I ;MJ?=NI >? =IH@CAOL;\[I >I CF_=CNI >CM=CJFCH;L

GCFCN;L HI "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI M?G ;NL?F;L I L;=CI=_HCI ;I JLI=?MM;G?HNI >;
NL;HMAL?MM[I N?G
M? =IGI ?R?GJFI >? ?R=?\[I Y CH>?J?H>^H=C; >;M ?M@?L;M

J?H;F ? >CM=CJFCH;L I =;MI >? ;<MIFPC\[I H; ?M@?L; =LCGCH;F JIL OG; =IH>ON;
KO? N;G<]G =IH@CAOL? NL;HMAL?MM[I , g I >I ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I
"MN;>O;F ?RJL?MM;G?HN? >CMJd? KO? M?LPC>IL Je<FC=I GCFCN;L >?GCNC>I JIL
;NI ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI M? ;<MIFPC>I J?F; 'OMNC\; H; ;\[I L?@?L?HN? ;I ;NI KO?
>?O =;OM; Y >?GCMM[I M?LX L?CHN?AL;>I Y ILJIL;\[I =IG NI>IM IM >CL?CNIM
L?MN;<?F?=C>IMp.
MMCG ? A ?G OG =;MI >? BIGC=_>CI =IGI G?H=CIH;>I HI

JLCG?CLI ?R?GJFI ;=CG; J;L; GCFCN;L >I "R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI Ma KO? ;AIL;
JL;NC=;>I JIL JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L >? 0[I -;OFI I IG;H>;HN? $?L;F JI>?LX ;JFC
=;L ; M;H\[I >? >?GCMM[I IO >? ?RJOFM[I G?MGI M;<?H>I ?G L?MJ?CNI Y

;ONIHIGC; >;M ?M@?L;M >? J?H>^H=C; >I JLI=?MMI
=LCG? DX KO? ; =IH@CAOL
;\[I >I CF_=CNI >CM=CJFCH;L H[I ?MNX ;NL?F;>; ;I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI JL]PCI >I
=LCG? AIL; B;P?H>I ; ;<MIFPC\[I >I GCFCN;L JIL M?HN?H\; NL;HMCN;>; ?G DO
FA;>I JIMN?LCILG?HN? ;I ;NI ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI >? >?GCMM[I IO >? ?RJOFM[I

=IGI ?R=?\[I L?=IHB?=C>; Y CH>?J?H>^H=C; >;M M?;L;M >? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I
IGCFCN;L>I"MN;>IN?LX>CL?CNIYL?CHN?AL;\[I
V CGJILN;HN? =IHMCAH;L KO? ;CH>; KO? I N?RNI >; IHMNCNOC\[I
"MN;>O;F M?D; ;GJFI H[I L?MNLCHACH>I I @OH>;G?HNI >; ;<MIFPC\[I KO? M?LX
;JLIP?CN;>; ?G M?>? >CM=CJFCH;L >? @ILG; G;DILCNXLC; N?G
M? ?HN?H>C>I ;
JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? L?J?L=OMM[I >; ;<MIFPC\[I =LCGCH;F M? IM @;NIM @IL?G LCA
ILIM;G?HN? IM G?MGIM ;H;FCM;>IM ?G OG; ? IONL; ?M@?L; M?G ; ?RCMN^H=C;

>? @;FN; ;>D;=?HN? IO L?MC>O;F ? M? ; ;<MIFPC\[I @IL =;F=;>; ?G H?A;NCP; >?
;ONILC; IO CH?RCMN^H=C; >I @;NI ;JOL;>I =IGI ;FCXM =IHMCAHIO >CFCA?HN?
G?HN? I /?AOF;G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L >I "R]L=CNI /

HI g I >I ;LN 1;F
CHN?LJL?N;\[I H[I I=ILL? ; ?MGI JILKO;HNI M? ;FCHB; ;I !?MJ;=BI +ILG;N
CPI >I $IP?LH;>IL >I "MN;>I JO<FC=;>I HI Dirio Oficial do Estado >?
>? G;L\I >? I KO;F >CMJbM MI<L? ; FCGCN;\[I >; ;JFC=;<CFC>;>? >; L?AL;
>I ;LN g I >; ;LN; J;OFCMN; HI M?HNC>I DX ?RJF;H;>I >?G;CM ;FC;G
M? ;I ;=CG; ?RJIMNI L?MJ?CNXP?CM =IHMC>?L;\d?M >IONLCHXLC;M L?MJ;F>;H>I ;

CHN?LJL?N;\[I L?MNLCNCP; >I >CMJIMCNCPI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ; ?R?GJFI >? !C -C?NLI
KO? ;I =IG?HN;L I ;LN >I a>CAI >? -LI=?MMI -?H;F DX =IG ;M ;FN?L
;\d?MNL;TC>;MJ?F;)?CH ;>OT

No repercutem na esfera administrativa:

1. a hiptese do inciso III, porque o mesmo fato que no constitui
crime pode corresponder a uma infrao disciplinar; o ilcito administrativo menos do que o ilcito penal e no apresenta o trao da tipicidade que
caracteriza o crime;
2. as hipteses dos incisos II, IV e VI, em que a absolvio se d
por falta de provas; a razo semelhante anterior: as provas que no
so suficientes para demonstrar a prtica de um crime podem ser suficientes para comprovar um ilcito administrativo[148].
L?F;NCP; CH>?J?H>^H=C; >;M ?M@?L;M J?H;F ? >CM=CJFCH;L JIL @CG
N;G<]G ?H=IHNL; L?MJ;F>I HI 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F =IGI M? P?LC@C=;
H; 0eGOF; >I -L?NaLCI ?R=?FMI ;JLIP;>; ?G 0?MM[I -F?HXLC; >? >?
>?T?G<LI >? in verbis Pela falta residual, no compreendida na absolvio pelo juzo criminal admissvel a punio administrativa do servidor pblico.
0IG;H>I
M? ;I KO? @IC =IHMCAH;>I BX IONLI JIHNI ?G KO? L?
MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >CM=CJFCH;L ? J?H;F ?MN[I ;NL?F;>;M ; M;<?L KO;H>I BIOP?L

?R=FO>?HN? >? CFC=CNO>? IO ?G ;FAOHM =;MIM >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? L?=IHB?=C>; HI
JLI=?MMI =LCG? -;L; ; =IGJL??HM[I H?MM? M?HNC>I OG; IONL; JL?GCMM; DX
>?@?H>C>; ?G NL;<;FBI ;J;LN;>I[149] >?P? M?L ;=IFBC>; KO;F M?D; ; >? KO?
I CF_=CNI ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI
>CM=CJFCH;L >? @ILG; H[I C>^HNC=; G;M GOCNI M?G?F
B;HN? G?L?=? OG; =IGJL??HM[I ;H;F_NC=; KO? J;MM? JIL ?F?G?HNIM >CMNCHNIM
=IGJL??H>C>IM =IGI OG; NCJC=C>;>? GCNCA;>; ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? ; =OFJ;<
CFC>;>? MI<J?H;>?H[IM?L=;L;=N?LCT;>I
-;L; NL;<;FB;L =IG IM >ICM /?AOF;G?HNIM =CN;>IM I CH=CMI && >I ;LN
>I /
=IHMC>?L; =;OM; >? DOMNC@C=;\[I ; JLXNC=; >? =IH>ON; NL;HMAL?MMCIH
;F JIL ?R?GJFI ?G F?A_NCG; >?@?M; JLaJLC; IO >? N?L=?CLI MMCG N;G<]G I

@;T I CH=CMI && >I ;LN >; )?C IGJF?G?HN;L H >? 0[I -;OFI
+?MM? M?HNC>I BX KO? M? @CLG;L KO? ;=?CN;H>I
M? ; JL?GCMM; JLIJIMN; ; ;<
MIFPC\[I =;F=;>; JIL ?R?GJFI ?G F?A_NCG; >?@?M; N;G<]G ;JLIP?CN;LX ;

=IH=?J\[I >; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L >? MILN? KO? H[I JI>?LX B;P?L ;

;JFC=;\[I >? M;H\[I >CM=CJFCH;L =ILL?MJIH>?HN? =F;LI >?M>? KO? @;NI

=LCG? ?
@;NI
NL;HMAL?MM[IM?D;G?R;N;G?HN?=ICH=C>?HN?M
#CH;FG?HN? ; CH>?J?H>^H=C; >;M ?M@?L;M J?H;F ? >CM=CJFCH;L >?P?

M?L ;P;FC;>; MII JLI=?MM;G?HNI >IM CF_=CNIM I KO? CGJILN; ?G
KO?MNCIH;L JIL IONL;M J;F;PL;M M? I =OLMI >; ;JOL;\[I >; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM
=CJFCH;L>?J?H>?>IN?LGI>;;JOL;\[I>ICF_=CNIJ?H;F
IGI DX ?RJIMNI J;L; I "R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI I /

HI g I >I ;LN
>CMJd? KO? ;M oL?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?M H;M ?M@?L;M =_P?F =LCGCH;F ? ;>GCHCM
NL;NCP; M[I CH>?J?H>?HN?M ?HNL? MC ? JI>?G M?L ;JOL;>;M =IH=IGCN;HN?
G?HN?p =IHM;AL;H>I ; CH>?J?H>^H=C; >;M ?M@?L;M G;M ;J?H;M HI KO? =IH
=?LH? ;I JLI=?MM;G?HNI >?MM?M CF_=CNIM J;L?HN?G?HN? BX OG; =IHNL;>C\[I

>I g I =IG IM gg I ? I KO? NL;N;G >; =IH=?J\[I >I CF_=CNI >CM=CJFCH;L ?G
@;=?>ICF_=CNIJ?H;F DX?MGCO\;>IM;=CG;
"G P?L>;>? ;M >O;M JLIJIMC\d?M M[I =IGJ;N_P?CM ;J?H;M MI< OG;

JIMM_P?F PCM[I I g I >I ;LN J?LGCN? ; ;JOL;\[I JLI=?MM;G?HNI >IM CF_
=CNIM J?H;F ? >CM=CJFCH;L ? =CPCF KO? H[I CHN?L?MM; Y >CM=OMM[I >? @ILG;
;ONbHIG; JIL]G M? HI =OLMI >; ;JOL;\[I >I CF_=CNI >CM=CJFCH;L IO ;I M?O @C
H;F @IL >?N?=N;>I KO? ; =IH>ON; N;G<]G M? =IH@CAOL; ?G =LCG? ?HNL;L[I ?G

PIA; IM gg I ? I >I ;LN >I /?AOF;G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L >I "R]L=CNI
L;MCF?CLI
-;L;G?FBIL=IGJL??HM[I NIG?G
M?IMM?AOCHN?M?R?GJFIM
OG GCFCN;L >I "R]L=CNI L?MJIH>? >? @ILG; >?ML?MJ?CNIM; ;I M?O

MOJ?LCIL BC?LXLKOC=I M?H>I >?M?H=;>?;>I OG JLI=?>CG?HNI IO JLI=?MMI
;JOL;NaLCI KO? HI M?O =OLMI IO ;I @CH;F P?LC@C=; KO? ; =IH>ON; @IC >IN;>; >?
F?MCPC>;>? I <;MN;HN? J;L; =IH@CAOL;L =LCG? H?MN? =;MI ; G?>C>; ;>?KO;>;
M?LX H[I M;H=CIH;L >CM=CJFCH;LG?HN? I GCFCN;L CHMN;OL;H>I
M? I ;>?KO;>I
CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L B;P?H>I ; =IH>?H;\[I J?FI >?FCNI H[I B;P?LX
M;H\[I>CM=CJFCH;L;M?L;JFC=;>;
OG GCFCN;L >I "R]L=CNI G;N; OG =IF?A; >? @;L>; H[I B;P?H>I
H?HBOG IONLI @;NI ;>D;=?HN? KO? G?L?\; ;JL?=C;\[I >CM=CJFCH;L =IGI MO;

=IH>ON; =IH@CAOL;
M? ?G =LCG? H[I B;P?LX =IHM?KO^H=C; >CM=CJFCH;L
;ONbHIG; PCMNI KO? JIL M? NL;N;L >? OG; CH@L;\[I J?H;F GCFCN;L ;LN I &&
a >I -* HIM N?LGIM >I g I >I ;LN >I /
; NL;HMAL?MM[I M?LX ;<MIL
PC>; J?FI @;NI =LCGCHIMI H?G M? CHMN;OL;H>I JLI=?>CG?HNI JLI=?MMI J;L;

; ;JOL;\[I >; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L ;I @CH;F >I JLI=?MMI
=LCG? B;P?H>I
=IH>?H;\[I G;CIL KO? >ICM ;HIM JIL ?R?GJFI I IHM?FBI >? 'OMNC\; ;JFC
=;LX ; J?H; ;=?MMaLC; >? ?R=FOM[I >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN
>I -* H;>;L?MN;H>I;ONIHIG;G?HN?J;L;;?M@?L;>CM=CJFCH;L
I MIF>;>I op >? M?LPC\I H; AO;L>; >I KO;LN?F ;>P?LN? M?O

=IF?A; >? M?LPC\I MIF>;>I op KO? HI J?L_I>I >? @IFA; H[I JI>?LC; =IGI ?M
N;P; @;T?H>I L?NCL;L I @;L>;G?HNI T;HA;>I =IG ; ;>P?LN^H=C; op >?M@?L?
>ICM NCLIM ?G op G;N;H>I

I HIN? KO? BX OG; NL;HMAL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L JL?
=?>?HN? ;I BIGC=_>CI OG; P?T KO? op =IHNL;LCIO HILG; ?RJL?MM; ?G L?AO
F;G?HNI KO? NL;N; >? M?LPC\IM CHN?LHIM H[I M? G;HN?H>I @;L>;>I ?G M?O
J?L_I>I >? @IFA; HI KO;LNI ? BIL; KO? >?M?GJ?HB;P; ; @OH\[I >? M?HNCH?F;
?MM; NL;HMAL?MM[I JI>? Y FOT >I g I >I ;LN >I /
L?=?<?L J?LM?=O\[I
>CM=CJFCH;L ;ONbHIG; ;I JLI=?MM;G?HNI >I =LCG? GCFCN;L JL;NC=;>I
MI<L?PCH>I ; =IH>?H;\[I J?FI >?FCNI ? ; JOHC\[I >CM=CJFCH;L J?F; NL;HM
AL?MM[I>CM=CJFCH;LH[I;<L;HAC>;J?FI=LCG?
*;CM OG; P?T >?P?

M? P?LC@C=;L KO? ?MM; ;ONIHIGC; ;JOL;NaLC;
JI>? M?L ?R=?J=CIH;>; J?F;M F?CM HILG;M >CM=CJFCH;L?M ?MJ?=_@C=;M ; =;>; &H
MNCNOC\[I *CFCN;L I KO? H[I @IC I =;MI >? 0[I -;OFI KO? G;HN?P? ?MM; JIMMC<
CFC>;>?>?JLI=?MM;G?HNI;ONbHIGI
>CMJIMC\[I >I g I >I ;LN >; )?C IGJF?G?HN;L H

;I =IHMCAH;L KO? ; ;JFC=;\[I >;M J?H;M >CM=CJFCH;L?M JL?PCMN;M HI /?AOF;
G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L CH>?J?H>? >I L?MOFN;>I >? ?P?HNO;F ;\[I J?H;F =IHM;ALIO
H[I Ma ; CH>?J?H>^H=C; >? ?M@?L;M H; =IH=?J\[I >IM CF_=CNIM =IGI N;G<]G
HI JLI=?MM;G?HNI >?MN?M >? MILN? KO? I M;H=CIH;G?HNI >? OG GCFCN;L >I
"MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI G?MGI ?G OG @;NI =IHMC>?L;>I =LCG? H[I L?KO?L JL]
PCIN?LGI>IJLI=?MMI
=LCG?=ILL?F;NI

CH>; H?MM? M?HNC>I NIG?

M? I L?=?HN? /?AOF;G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L >;
-IF_=C; *CFCN;L >? /IH>bHC; NL;TC>I J?FI !?=L?NI ?MN;>O;F H >? >?
HIP?G<LI>? ,g I >I;LN>?MM?>CJFIG;>CMJd?
1 o Quando a ao ou omisso praticada constituir-se, ao
mesmo tempo, infrao penal e disciplinar, prevalecer o princpio da relativa independncia das instncias, que se orientar da maneira seguinte:
I quando a existncia do fato ou quem seja seu autor acharem-se
definidos por sentena judicial transitada em julgado, ser incabvel a discusso do mrito na esfera administrativa, sujeitando-se o policial militar
sano disciplinar, sem prejuzo dos dispositivos que regem sua
aplicao;
II quando estiverem presentes no processo administrativo disciplinar as provas do cometimento de transgresso disciplinar, a autoridade disciplinar estar desobrigada de aguardar o trnsito em julgado da
deciso judicial;
III quando a absolvio criminal negar a existncia do fato ou
da sua autoria ou, ainda, isentar o seu autor do crime por meio de uma das
excludentes, a responsabilidade administrativa do servidor ser afastada,
se no houver falta residual a punir.
+CNC>;G?HN? HI JF;HI >; =IH=?J\[I >I CF_=CNI >CM=CJFCH;L I CH=CMI &

=IHMCMN? ?G L?AL; KO? G;RCGCT; ; =IH=?J\[I >? KO? =LCG? ? NL;HMAL?MM[I
=IHMNCNO?G ?F?G?HNIM >? ?M@?L;M =IH=^HNLC=;M >CMJIH>I KO? ; =IH=FOM[I
J?F; JLXNC=; >? =LCG? JIL M?HN?H\; =IH>?H;NaLC; CLL?=ILL_P?F CGJd? ; =IH
=FOM[I JIL CH@L;\[I >CM=CJFCH;L "MM; L?AL; HI ?HN;HNI ] ;G;CH;>; J?FI g I
>I G?MGI ;LNCAI KO? ?MN;<?F?=? KO? oQuando a ao ou omisso praticada

constituir-se apenas infrao penal, e esta no contrariar os princpios da
tica ou do dever policial militar, s ser admissvel a imposio de sano
quando houver falta residual capitulada como transgressop "G IONLIM
N?LGIM G;HN?P?
M?;;ONIHIGC;>?=IH=?J\[I>?CF_=CNIJ?H;F?>CM=CJFCH;L

+I JF;HI >I =OLMI ;JOL;NaLCI JIL]G HI CH=CMI && =IHM;AL; ; CH>?
J?H>^H=C; >I JLI=?MMI ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI J;L; M;H=CIH;L OG; NL;HMAL?MM[I KO?

N;G<]GM?D;=LCG?
JIMC\[I >? CH>?J?H>^H=C; J;L; I JLI=?MM;G?HNI >? CF_=CNI J?H;F ?

>CM=CJFCH;L BX KO? M? L?MM;FN;L A;HB; L?MJ;F>I >IONLCHXLCI !C -C?NLI =IG
J?=OFC;L G;?MNLC; ?HMCH; KO? ?G @;=? >? OG @;NI KO? ] ;I G?MGI N?GJI
>?@CHC>I ?G F?C =IGI =LCG? ? NL;HMAL?MM[I oCHMN;OL;G

M? I JLI=?MMI ;>GCH
CMNL;NCPI >CM=CJFCH;L ? I JLI=?MMI =LCGCH;F JL?P;F?=?H>I ; L?AL; >; CH>?
J?H>^H=C; ?HNL? ;M >O;M CHMNZH=C;M L?MM;FP;>;M ;FAOG;M ?R=?\d?M ?G KO? ;

>?=CM[I JLI@?LC>; HI DO_TI J?H;F >?P? JL?P;F?=?L @;T?H>I =ICM; DOFA;>; H;
XL?;=_P?F?H;;>GCHCMNL;NCP;p[150]
10. FONTES DO DIREITO PENAL MILITAR

IGI I JLaJLCI HIG? CH>C=; @IHN?M M[I H;M=?>IOLIM JIHNIM >?
A^H?MCM>?;FAI HIHIMMI=;MI >I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
"G =IHMNLO\[I ;NO;F ; >IONLCH; N?G >CPC>C>I ;M @IHN?M >I !CL?CNI
-?H;F JLCG?CLI ?G G;N?LC;F ? @ILG;F ? M?AOH>I =CH>CH>I ; eFNCG; ?G

@IHN?M @ILG;CM CG?>C;N; ? G?>C;N;M 3?D;GIM ?MM; =IGJF?RC>;>? G;CM
JLIRCG;G?HN?
10.1. #IHN?G;N?LC;F
#IHN? G;N?LC;F ] =IGJL??H>C>; =IGI ; PC; BX<CF Y JLI>O\[I >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? ; ?R?GJFI >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG NL;>OT
M? JIL
OG;JIMMC<CFC>;>?L?M?LP;>;Y2HC[I
IG ?@?CNI I ;LN >; # ?G M?O JLCG?CLI CH=CMI >CMJd? KO?
=IGJ?N? JLCP;NCP;G?HN? Y 2HC[I F?ACMF;L MI<L? >CL?CNI =CPCF =IG?L=C;F J?H;F

JLI=?MMO;F ?F?CNIL;F ;ALXLCI G;L_NCGI ;?LIHXONC=I ?MJ;=C;F ? >I NL;<;FBI

>?P?H>I
M? HIN;L KO? ; =IGJ?N^H=C; J?H;F H[I ?MNX L?MNLCN; ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F
=IGOG G;M;I!CL?CNI-?H;F=IGIOGNI>I
JLIJaMCNI >?MM; =IGJ?N^H=C; H?=?MMXLCI HIN;L KO? M? NL;N; >?
=IGJ?N^H=C; F?ACMF;NCP; JLCP;NCP; >; 2HC[I KO? =IGI GOCNI <?G ?HMCH;
);GGÂI OFIM ;>GCN? >?F?A;\[I DX KO? oIM JL?=?CNIM >?=F;L;NaLCIM >I ;LN
& ; 55&3 >; Lex Mater H[I M[I ?R=FOMCPIM >; 2HC[I -IL CMMI ; F?C =IG
JF?G?HN;L JI>? ;ONILCT;L IM "MN;>IM ; F?ACMF;L MI<L? KO?MNd?M ?MJ?=_@C=;M

# ;LN J;LXAL;@IeHC=Ip[151]
10.2. #IHN?M@ILG;CM
#IHN?M @ILG;CM >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L M[I ;KO?F;M oKO? J?LGCN?G
I =IHB?=CG?HNI >I >CL?CNI JLIJIL=CIH;H>I ; ?RN?LCILCT;\[I >;M HILG;M
J?H;CMp >CPC>CH>I
M??GCG?>C;N;?G?>C;N;M
10.2.1#,+1"&*"!&1
@IHN? CG?>C;N; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ] ; lei >?P?H>I

M? J?L
KOCLCL ;=?L=; >I CHMNLOG?HNI HILG;NCPI ;>?KO;>I Y JLI>O\[I >?MM; lei =I
LIFXLCI >I JLCH=_JCI >; F?A;FC>;>? H; ;=?J\[I >; L?M?LP; F?A;F ;<MIFON; F?
P;H>I >?MM;LN? Y CH>;A;\[I MI<L? I KO? M? >?P? ?HN?H>?L JIL lei HI M?HNC>I
;KOC JIMNOF;>I IO M?D; M? BX OG; JIMMC<CFC>;>? ;GJF; J;L; NI>IM IM CHMNLO
G?HNIM HILG;NCPIM JL?PCMNIM HI ;LN >;

OGIO;FAOHM>?F?M
# IO M? MIG?HN? ] L?F?A;>I ;
L?MJIMN; KO? DX HIM @IC >;>; JIL $OCFB?LG? +O==C KO;H>I

NL;N;GIM >I JLCH=_JCI >; F?A;FC>;>? G?L?=? M?L L?F?G<L;>; "G JLCG?CLI
JF;HI >?P?
M? @I=;L KO? I JL?=?CNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ;LN & ;I H[I CH>C=;L
?MJ?=_@C=I CHMNLOG?HNI HILG;NCPI L?@?L?

M? Y F?C IL>CHXLC; IHNO>I I
=CN;>I ;ONIL CH=OLMCIH; JIL IONLIM CHMNLOG?HNIM ;P;FC;H>I MO; JIMMC<CFC>;>?

>? P?C=OF;\[I >? G;N]LC; J?H;F m ;JFC=;H>I

M? N;G<]G ?G HIMM; aNC=; YM
G;N]LC;MJ?H;CMGCFCN;L?Mm H;M?AOCHN?=IH@ILGC>;>?[152]
m "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H[I JI>? CHIP;L ; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F

A?L;H>I HIP;M L?MNLC\d?M CH>CPC>O;CM >? H;NOL?T; =LCGCH;F ?G I<M?LPZH=C;
;ICH=CMI&3>Ig I >I;LN >;JLaJLC; IHMNCNOC\[I
m )?C IGJF?G?HN;L JI>? P?C=OF;L G;N]LC; J?H;F DX KO? JIMMOC OG

JLI=?MMI F?ACMF;NCPI G;CM L_AC>I >?J?H>?H>I >? ;JLIP;\[I JIL G;CILC; ;<MI
FON; ?G =IGJ;L;\[I =IG ; F?C IL>CHXLC; KO? ?RCA? G;CILC; MCGJF?M =IGI
quorum >? ;JLIP;\[I =IGI ?R?GJFI >?MM; JIMMC<CFC>;>? G?L?=? HIP;
=CN;\[I ; ?RCMN^H=C; >I ;LN >; )?C IGJF?G?HN;L H KO? CH=LCG
CH;;PCIF;\[I>?M;ONILCT;>;>IMCACFI>;MIJ?L;\d?M@CH;H=?CL;M
m )?CM !?F?A;>;M H[I JI>?G P?C=OF;L G;N]LC; J?H;F JILKO? BX ;

P?>;\[I ?RJL?MM; >? P?C=OF;\[I MI<L? >CL?CNIM CH>CPC>O;CM ;LN g I &&
>; # ;F]G >? H[I ;FCHB;L
M? =IG I ?MJ_LCNI >; L?M?LP; ;<MIFON; >? F?C J;L;
G;N]LC; J?H;F PCMNI KO? M?O JLI=?MMI F?ACMF;NCPI ] GOCNI G?HIM LCAILIMI HI
KO?=IH=?LH?;I=IHNLIF? >IKO?I>;MF?CMIL>CHXLC;M
m *?>C>; -LIPCMaLC; H[I ] JIMM_P?F ; P?C=OF;\[I >? G;N]LC; J?H;F

JIL G?>C>; JLIPCMaLC; ?G L;T[I >? P?>;\[I ?RJL?MM; HI g I >I ;LN >;
#
=L?M=?HN;GIM N;G<]G YM FC\d?M >I ;ONIL JL?=CN;>I ; CGJIMMC<CFC>
;>? >? P?C=OF;\[I >? G;N]LC; J?H;F JIL !?=L?NI )?ACMF;NCPI ? JIL /?MIFO\d?M
>I -I>?L )?ACMF;NCPI OG; P?T KO? H[I JIMMO?G I =;LXN?L A?H]LC=I ? ;<MNL;NI
?RCAC>IJ?FI?M=IJI>;L?M?LP;;<MIFON;>?F?C
"G L?MOGI JILN;HNI ;J?H;M ; F?C =IGJF?G?HN;L ? ; F?C IL>CHXLC;
JI>?GP?C=OF;LG;N]LC;J?H;FGCFCN;L
, a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IGI <?G M;<?GIM H[I =ICH=C>? =IG H?H
BOG >IM CHMNLOG?HNIM ;=CG; G?H=CIH;>IM DX KO? @IC <;CR;>I =IGI PCMNI HI
?M=IL\I BCMNaLC=I J?FI !?=L?NI
)?C H >? >? IONO<LI >? ;NI >?
OG; DOHN; GCFCN;L =IGJIMN; JIL *CHCMNLIM >; *;LCHB; >? $O?LL; >I

"R]L=CNI ? >; ?LIHXONC=; =IG ;GJFIM JI>?L?M J;L; F?ACMF;L ?G @;=? >I L?
=?MMI?GKO?M??H=IHNL;P;I-I>?L)?ACMF;NCPI
!?MM; @ILG; OHCH>I

M? ; ?RCA^H=C; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F Y L?;FC>;>? >;
HILG; J?H;F GCFCN;L N?L_;GIM =IG <;M? H; teoria da recepo KO? I ;FO
>C>I a>CAI @IC L?=?J=CIH;>I =IG @IL\; >? F?C IL>CHXLC; JI>?H>I MI@L?L ;F
N?L;\d?M IO ;N] G?MGI NIN;F MO<MNCNOC\[I JIL OG; F?C IL>CHXLC; IO JIL OG;
F?C=IGJF?G?HN;L
10.2.2. #,+1"0*"!&10
IGI @IHN?M G?>C;N;M IO M?=OH>XLC;M >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L

;F]G >I =IMNOG? >IM JLCH=_JCIM A?L;CM >I >CL?CNI ? >; ;H;FIAC; =IGI ;JIH
N;L?GIM HI =;LXN?L NL_JFC=? KO;H>I NL;N;LGIM >; CHN?AL;\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F
*CFCN;L =IMNOG;
M? ;JIHN;L N;G<]G ; DOLCMJLO>^H=C; >; G?MG; @ILG;
;<;CRI ?RJFIL;>; G;CM ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? KO;H>I PCLGIM ; =F;MMC@C=;\[I >;M
CHN?LJL?N;\d?M >? ;=IL>I =IG ; @IHN? CHN?LJL?N;NCP; >? ;=IL>I =IG ;
ILCA?G
1I>;M ?MM;M @IHN?M JL?=CMI ;HIN;L JI>?G F?P;L =?LNI >CMJIMCNCPI ;
=;CL ?G >?MOMI desuetudo I KO? H[I MCAHC@C=; L?PIA;\[I >; F?C J?H;F JICM
?MN; Ma M?LX L?PIA;>; JIL IONL; F?C ;LN I >; )& G;M JI>?G MCG M?L M?
contra legem I=;GCHBIJ;L;OG;HIP;F?C[153]
In exemplis HI ;LN >I -* BX ; CGJIMC\[I >; J?H; >I =LCG?
=IHMOG;>I ;I =LCG? N?HN;>I 0?AOH>I I G?MNL? 'ILA? ]M;L ] >CMJIMC\[I >?
=OHBI >L;=IHC;HI KO? oH[I P?G M?H>I ;JFC=;>; GI>?LH;G?HN? ?MN;H>I
>?LLIA;>;J?FI desuetudop[154]
11. INTERPRETAO E INTEGRAO DA LEI

PENAL MILITAR

&HN?LJL?N;L OG; F?C ] >?@CHCL I ?R;NI ;F=;H=? >? M?O N?RNI IO M?D;
>?FCGCN;L I ?MJ?=NLI >? ;<L;HA^H=C; >; HILG; J?H;F IGI <?G ?HMCH; #L;
AIMI ;NL;P]M o>; CHN?LJL?N;\[I >?M=I<L?

M? I MCAHC@C=;>I ;NO;F >; HILG;
;DOMN;H>I
; >?HNLI >? MO; JIMM_P?F =;J;=C>;>? >? ?RJ;HM[I YM ?RCA^H=C;M ?
=IH=?J\d?M>IJL?M?HN?p[155]
*OCNI ?G<IL; ;FAOHM H[I ;>GCN;G B;P?L ?MJ]=C?M >? CHN?LJL?N;\[I
JILKO;HNI ; =IHMC>?L;G OG JLI=?MMI eHC=I KO? ;<L;HA? PXLCIM GIG?HNIM ?

N]=HC=;M BX M?NIL >IONLCHXLCI KO? =IMNOG; ?HOG?L;L ;FAOG;M @ILG;M >? CH
N?LJL?N;\[I KO? JI>?G JL?P;F?=?L >? ;=IL>I =IG I GIN? >;>I HI =;MI ?G
?MJ]=C? JI>?H>I
M? ;ALOJ;L N;CM ?MJ]=C?M >? ;=IL>I =IG ; @IHN? >? CHN?L
JL?N;\[I =IGIG?CI?GJL?A;>IIO=IGIL?MOFN;>II<NC>I
.O;HNI Y @IHN? >; CHN?LJL?N;\[I JI>? ?F; M?L >IONLCHXLC; DOLCMJLO
>?H=C;F?;ON^HNC=; KO?;HaMCHN?L?MM;J;LNC=OF;LG?HN?H?MN?NaJC=I
CHN?LJL?N;\[I >IONLCHXLC; ] @LONI >I ?HN?H>CG?HNI =IGOG ;=?L=;

>; HILG; J?FIM ?M=LCNIL?M ? =IG?HN;>IL?M >I !CL?CNI -?H;F IO M?D; ] =IH
MNCNO_>;>; communis opinio doctorum[156].
?MJ]=C? >? CHN?LJL?N;\[I DOLCMJLO>?H=C;F =IH>?HM; ; JLXRCM DO>C
=CXLC; G;L=;>; JIL OG; L?CN?L;>; JIMC\[I JL?M?HN? H;M >?=CMd?M >IM
NLC<OH;CM <L;MCF?CLIM @ILG;H>I ; DOLCMJLO>^H=C; =B?A;H>I ;I JIHNI >? CH
>C=;\d?M G;CM CH=CMCP;M =IGI ;M 0eGOF;M >IM 1LC<OH;CM M?D;G ?F?M ?MN;>O;CM
IO MOJ?LCIL?M M MeGOF;M H?=?MMXLCI F?G<L;L H[I JIMMO?G ?@?CNI PCH=O
F;HN? ?R=?NI M? ILCOH>;M >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F KO? JI>?LX =IH
@ILG? >CMJd? I ;LN

>; # >? I@_=CI IO JIL JLIPI=;\[I G?>C;HN? >?
=CM[I >? >ICM N?L\IM >IM M?OM G?G<LIM ;JaM L?CN?L;>;M >?=CMd?M MI<L?
G;N]LC; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ;JLIP;L MeGOF; KO? ; J;LNCL >? MO; JO<FC=;\[I H;
CGJL?HM; I@C=C;F N?LX ?@?CNI PCH=OF;HN? ?G L?F;\[I ;IM >?G;CM aLA[IM >I
-I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI ? Y >GCHCMNL;\[I -e<FC=; >CL?N; ? CH>CL?N; H;M ?M@?L;M @?>
?L;F ?MN;>O;F ? GOHC=CJ;F <?G =IGI JLI=?>?L Y MO; L?PCM[I IO =;H=?F;
G?HNI H;@ILG;?MN;<?F?=C>;J?F;)?CH >?>?>?T?G<LI>?

-IL @CG KO;HNI Y @IHN? ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I JI>? M?L ;ON^HNC=; IO M?D;
ILCACHXLC; >; JLaJLC; @IHN? >; HILG; CHN?LJL?N;>; -;L; I HIMMI JLIJaMCNI

HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L JI>?

M? >CT?L KO? M? NL;N; >? OG; @ILG; >? CHN?L
JL?N;\[I JLaJLC; >I F?ACMF;>IL ; KO;F JIL ?MM; G?MG; L;T[I A;HB; I HIG?
>? CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;ON^HNC=; "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M ;KO?F? KO? ?F;<ILIO ; HILG;
; CHN?LJL?N; H; G?MG; F?C m interpretao autntica contextual m IO ?G F?C
JIMN?LCIL m interpretao autntica posterior , ?R?GJFI G;CIL >?MM; ?M
J]=C? >? CHN?LJL?N;\[I ] ; "RJIMC\[I >? *INCPIM >IM a>CAIM HI HIMMI =;MI
>I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L IGI ?R?GJFI ;I NL;N;L >; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F I
CN?G >; "RJIMC\[I >? *INCPIM >I -* >CMJd? KO? ; oC>;>? G_HCG; J;L; IM
?@?CNIM >; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F GCFCN;L PCA?HN? ;>GCN? CH
@?LCIL ; ;HIM ;J;L?=? ;AIL; G;CM <?G NL;N;>;p ? JLIMM?AO? >CT?H>I KO?
H[I oMa ] >?@?LC>; ;I DOCT ; @;=OF>;>? >? L?=IHB?=?L ?G ;FAOHM =;MIM ; =;J;
=C>;>? J?H;F ?HNL? ? ;HIM =IGI ] ?MN;<?F?=C>; N;R;NCP;G?HN? ;

?KOCJ;L;\[I ?G =;MIM ?MJ?=_@C=IM KO? ; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L N?G >?@CHC>I >?
G?HIL?M >? ;HIM ;IM G;CIL?M >?MM; C>;>?p IGI M? J?L=?<? I F?ACMF;>IL
>? ?HN?H>?O =IGI OG ;P;H\I ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >I
G?HIL >? ;HIM JIL =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ?RJIH>I ?RJL?MM;G?HN? ?MM; PCM[I
G;F M;<?H>I KO? ?G ; IHMNCNOC\[I C>;>[ ;@;MN;LC; JIL =IGJF?NI
?MM;JIMMC<CFC>;>? =IGIP?L?GIM?GJIHNI?MJ?=_@C=I
*;M H[I ] ; "RJIMC\[I >? *INCPIM ; eHC=; G;N?LC;FCT;\[I >; CHN?L
JL?N;\[I ;ON^HNC=; -I>? ?F; PCL ;LNC=OF;>; =IGI >CMM?GIM ;=CG; HI =IH
N?RNI >; JLaJLC; F?C =IHN?RNO;F IO ?G IONL; F?C KO? M? JL?N?H>; ?RJFC=;L
OG; JLCG?CL; JIMN?LCIL +?MM? M?HNC>I I F?ACMF;>IL J?H;F GCFCN;L @IC
JLO>?HN? ?G >;L Y FOT CHeG?L;M L?AL;M ;ON^HNC=;M J;L; CHN?LJL?N;L ; F?C J?H;F
HI JLaJLCI N?RNI >I ?MN;NONI J?H;F GCFCN;L >?HNL? ;M KO;CM P?L?GIM G;CM ;>C
;HN?;KO?F;MKO?HIMJ;L?=?GG;CMCGJILN;HN?M
2G; IONL; @ILG; >? =F;MMC@C=;L ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I ] @I=;H>I I G?CI
ONCFCT;>I J;L; ;<MILP?L I =IHN?e>I HILG;NCPI >; F?C JI>?H>I M?L AL;G;NC=;F
IOFCN?L;F FaAC=;ION?F?IFaAC=;
CHN?LJL?N;\[I FCN?L;F ] ;KO?F; KO? M? JL?H>? ;I M?HNC>I ? MCAHC@C=
;>I >;M J;F;PL;M KO? ; F?C =IHN]G ?HPIFP?H>I M?O ;MJ?=NI AL;G;NC=;F ?
MCHNXNC=I IG GOCN; J?LMJC=X=C; #L;AIMI ?HR?LA; H; CHN?LJL?N;\[I FCN?L;F
H[I JLIJLC;G?HN? OG; ?MJ]=C? >? CHN?LJL?N;\[I G;M M?AOCH>I MO; PCM[I

OHCNXLC; >I @?HbG?HI CHN?LJL?N;NCPI I ?MNXACI CHC=C;F >? OG JLI=?MMI KO? >?
P? M?L HILN?;>I J?F;M M?AOCHN?M JL?GCMM;M o; "G JLCH=_JCI H?HBOG; J;
F;PL; H; F?C ] MOJ]L@FO; < "G L?AL; ;M ?RJL?MMd?M ?GJL?A;>;M J?F; F?C N^G
MCAHC@C=;>I N]=HC=I ? H[I POFA;L 1I>;PC; MIG?HN? ; JLaJLC; CHN?LJL?N;\[I
JI>?LX ?M=F;L?=?L KO;H>I >?N?LGCH;>; ?RJL?MM[I ;J;L?=? H; F?C ?G M?HNC>I
=IGOG IO ?G M?O M?HNC>I N]=HC=I
DOL_>C=I #L?KO?HN?G?HN? ;M J;F;PL;M
;J;L?=?G H[I HI M?HNC>I N]=HC=I KO? ;JL?M?HN;G ?G IONLIM L;GIM >I
>CL?CNI G;M =IG ?MJ?=_@C=I MCAHC@C=;>I DOL_>C=I

J?H;F V I =;MI JIL ?R?GJFI
>; HI\[I DOL_>C=I
J?H;F >? domiclio ;LN - KO? ] >CP?LM; >I =IH=?CNI
KO? @ILH?=? I >CL?CNI JLCP;>I ;LN a>CAI CPCF >? [157] = "G L?
AL; I MCHAOF;L H[I ?R=FOC I JFOL;F ? I ?GJL?AI >I A^H?LI G;M=OFCHI H[I ?R
=FOCI@?GCHCHIp[158]
2G; IONL; ?MJ]=C? >?HNLI >; =F;MMC@C=;\[I >? ;=IL>I =IG I G?CI ] ;
CHN?LJL?N;\[I FaAC=; =IGJL??H>C>; =IGI ;KO?F; KO? <OM=; o; PIHN;>? >; F?C
M?O =IHN?e>I JIL G?CI >? OG =IH@LIHNI FaAC=I ?HNL? M?OM >CMJIMCN
CPIMp[159] +[I M? FCGCN; JILN;HNI Y G?L; FCN?L;FC>;>? >?P?H>I =IHMC>?L;L

OG; M]LC? >? ?F?G?HNIM ;FB?CIM ; ?MM? ;MJ?=NI FCN?L;F HI CHNOCNI >? @CR;L ;
PIHN;>? I<D?NCP; KO? ; HILG; ;JL?M?HN; N;CM =IGI IM ?F?G?HNIM MCMN?GXNC
=IM IM ?F?G?HNIM BCMNaLC=IM IM =LCN]LCIM PCA?HN?M HI >CL?CNI =IGJ;L;>I IM

NL;<;FBIM JL?J;L;NaLCIM >; F?C CHN?LJL?N;>;[160] 2G <IG ?R?GJFI N?GIM
H; ;HXFCM? MCMN^GC=; >I -* J;L; >?@CHCL ; ?MNLONOL; ;H;F_NC=; >I >?FCNI =IH
N?H>I I @;NI N_JC=I ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? +IN?

M? KO? I ;LN
>I L?@?LC>I >CJFIG; =IFI=; MI< ; LO<LC=; >; o=OFJ;<CFC>;>?p IM =IH=?CNIM >?
>IFI ? >? =OFJ; ;F]G >? JL?M=L?P?L ?R=FO>?HN?M >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IG <;M?
H; =I;\[I CLL?MCMN_P?F ? H; I<?>C^H=C; BC?LXLKOC=; ;LN ? H; CH?RCAC<CFC>
;>? >? =IH>ON; >CP?LM; >I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?R=OFJ;HN? ;LN CH>C=
;H>I ; ;>I\[I >? OG; N?ILC; JMC=IFaAC=I

HILG;NCP; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? -IL
?MM; PCM[I JI>?
M? ;@CLG;L KO? I =IH=?CNI ;H;F_NC=I >? =LCG? GCFCN;L ] I >?
@;NI N_JC=I ;HNCDOL_>C=I ? =OFJXP?F ;J?M;L >? H[I B;P?L MCHAOF;L >CMJIMCNCPI
KO? FCN?L;FG?HN? >CA; KO? ; ?R=FOM[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? CGJILN; ?G ?FCGCH;\[I
>IJLaJLCI=LCG? =IGII@;TI -*HI=;MI>;;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?;LN

#CH;FG?HN? ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I N?F?IFaAC=; <OM=; ; ;JFC=;\[I >; CHN?L
JL?N;\[I FaAC=; ;I N?GJI >; ;JFC=;\[I >; HILG; CHN?LJL?N;>; IO M?D; <OM=;
M? ; ?R?GJFI >; CHN?LJL?N;\[I FaAC=; I ?M=IJI >; HILG; G;M HI GIG?HNI

>? MO; ;JFC=;\[I 1?L?GIM OG <IG ?R?GJFI ;<;CRI ;I NL;N;L >I ;LN >I
-* ?G KO? ?G<IL; ;@;MN;H>I ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;ON^HNC=; JI>?L?GIM
=B?A;L;IG?MGIL?MOFN;>IJ?F;CHN?LJL?N;\[IN?F?IFaAC=;
IGI eFNCGI KO;>LI =F;MMC@C=;NaLCI ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I JI>? =IGJIL
N;L ?MJ]=C?M >? ;=IL>I =IG IM L?MOFN;>IM I<NC>IM JI>?H>I M?L >?=F;L;NCP;
L?MNLCNCP;??RN?HMCP;
CHN?LJL?N;\[I >?=F;L;NCP; =IHMCMN? H; ;<MIL\[I ?R;N; >I N?RNI ;H
;FCM;>I M?G KO? B;D; MO; ?RN?HM[I IO L?MNLC\[I J?F;M N]=HC=;M

CHN?LJL?N;NCP;M ?H=IHNL;H>I
M? ;J?H;M I MCAHC@C=;>I I=OFNI NL;TC>I J?F;M J;
F;PL;M AL;@;>;M H; F?C[161] MMCG KO;H>I J;L; I =LCG? >? GINCG ;LN
?RCA?G
M? GCFCN;L?M J;L; ; MO; JLXNC=; ;I G?HIM KO;HNI ;I HeG?LI H?
=?MMXLCI HI JIFI ;NCPI ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I >?P?LX M?L CH?KO_PI=; DX KO?

>?=F;L;NaLC; NL;N;H>I
M? >? OG >?FCNI JFOLCMMO<D?NCPI M?H>I H?=?MMXLC; ;
JL?M?H\;>?>ICMIOG;CMGCFCN;L?MJ;L;;MO;JLXNC=;
CHN?LJL?N;\[I M?LX L?MNLCNCP; KO;H>I J;L; KO? B;D; I ;F=;H=? ?R
;NI JL?N?H>C>I J?F; F?C BX KO? M? =IHN?L L?MNLCHACL ; ;<L;HA^H=C; >? M?OM N?L
GIM IGI ?R?GJFI P?D;GIM I =;MI >I g I >I ;LN >I -* +?MM?
>CMJIMCNCPI >?@CH?
M? OG; @ILG; >? =I>?FCHKO^H=C; KO? N?G ; J?H; G;
DIL;>; ; @CAOL; >I o=;<?\;p oKO;H>I I =LCG? ] =IG?NC>I JIL CH@?LCIL?M ? OG

IO G;CM I@C=C;CM M[I ?MN?M =IHMC>?L;>IM =;<?\;M ;MMCG =IGI IM CH@?LCIL?M
KO? ?R?L=?G @OH\[I >? I@C=C;Fp +IN?
M? KO? I >CMJIMCNCPI ?G =IG?HNI JIL
H[I M? L?MNLCHACL ?RJL?MM;G?HN? ;IM =LCG?M JFOLCMMO<D?NCPIM JI>? >;L ; CG
JL?MM[I >? KO? M?GJL? KO? OG ,@C=C;F NIG;L J;LN? ?G OG >?FCNI =IG CH@?LC
IL ;CH>; KO? =LCG? >? =IH=OLMI ?P?HNO;F M?LC; ?F? =IHMC>?L;>I I o=;<?\;p
>I =LCG? MI@L?H>I G;CIL L?JLIP;\[I F;LI KO? ?MM; CHN?LJL?N;\[I M?LC;
HOG JLCG?CLI GIG?HNI I<MN;>; J?F; ;HXFCM? >IM JL?=?CNIM M?=OH>XLCIM >IM
>?FCNIM ?G ?MJ]=C? KO? MIG?HN? G;DIL;G ;M J?H;M J;L; IM o=;<?\;Mp HIM >?F
CNIM >? =IH=OLMI H?=?MMXLCI G;M JI>?LC; I CHN]LJL?N? G;DIL;L ; J?H; H?MM?
=;MI ;I =IHMC>?L;L ; =IH>C\[I >? o=;<?\;p OG; =CL=OHMNZH=C; DO>C=C;F ;@?N; Y

JLCG?CL; @;M? >I =LCN]LCI NLC@XMC=I >? ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; "MM? ?KO_PI=I P?D;
M? JI>? M?L ?PCN;>I M? >?LGIM OG; CHN?LJL?N;\[I L?MNLCNCP; Y JL?PCM[I >I g

I ?HN?H>?H>I
; ;JFC=XP?F =IG <;M? H; LO<LC=; ? HI g I >I G?MGI ;LNCAI
KO? G?H=CIH; ;AIL; MCG ?RJL?MM;G?HN? ; H?=?MMC>;>? >? =LCG? JFOLCMMO<
D?NCPIJ;L;;?RCMN^H=C;>IMo=;<?\;Mp
"G<IL; M?D; L?AL; ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I L?MNLCNCP; JI>? >;L FOA;L ; OG;
CHN?LJL?N;\[I ?RN?HMCP; HI !CL?CNI -?H;F CHN?LJL?N;\[I JI>? M?L o?RN?HMCP;

KO;H>I J;L; @;T?L ;M J;F;PL;M =ILL?MJIH>?L?G Y PIHN;>? >; F?C ] GCMN?L
;GJFC;L M?O M?HNC>I IO ;F=;H=? V ;>GCMM_P?F HI !CL?CNI -?H;F H[I I<MN;HN?
GOCNIM CGJOAH;L?G V J?LGCNC>; KO;H>I IM =;MIM H[I JL?PCMNIM M[I
;<L;HAC>IM JIL @IL\; >? =IGJL??HM[I MMCG I KO? ] JOHC>I no menos I ]
N;G<]G no mais I KO? ] J?LGCNC>I KO;HNI ;I mais I ] CAO;FG?HN? KO;HNI

;I menosp[162] !?P? M?L ;>GCNC>; ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I ?RN?HMCP; J;L; KO? M?
=IFIKO?G o?G B;LGIHC; ;M J;F;PL;M >; F?C =IG ; PIHN;>? >?MN; ,L; M? I
KO? >?P? JL?>IGCH;L ?G NI>; G;N]LC; >? CHN?LJL?N;\[I ] ?MM; PIHN;>? H[I
M? DOMNC@C=; M?D; P?>;>I I JLI=?MMI ?RN?HMCPIp[163] IGI M? P?LC@C=; BX =?L
NIM =;MIM ?G KO? ; ?RN?HM[I >I NCJI J?H;F JI>? M?L ;=?CN; L?>OTCH>I
M?
YKO?F?M =;MIM ?G KO? M? CH=LCGCH; o menos >?CR;H>I JIL @;FB; L?>;=CIH;F

>? @IL; o mais "MM; ?RN?HM[I ;F]G >CMMI >?P? ?MN;L ;FCHB;>; =IG ; FaAC=;
>? =IGJL??HM[I >;M J;F;PL;M M?H>I OG; KO;M? ?PC>?HN? =IH=FOM[I MMCG Y
AOCM; >? ?R?GJFI HI =LCG? >I ;LN >I -* fornecimento de substncia
nociva ?MN;LX CH=OLMI H[I Ma ;KO?F? KO? @ILH?=? MO<MNZH=C; ;FN?L;>; reduzindo M?O P;FIL HONLCNCPI IO N?L;JÔNC=I =IGI =IHMCAH; ?RJL?MM;G?HN? I
NCJI J?H;F G;M N;G<]G ;KO?F? KO? anula I P;FIL HONLCNCPI IO N?L;JÔNC=I
M?H>I ?MM; ?RN?HM[I >?>ON_P?F >? OG; FaAC=; CHN?LJL?N;\[I[164] *OCNI ?G
<IL; JIMM;GIM ?HN?H>?L I ?R?GJFI =CN;>I ;I =IHNLXLCI >I KO? >?@?H>?O

/IG?CLI >? OG; ;GJFCNO>? >;>; ;I NCJI J?H;F =IG <;M? ?G OG; CHN?L
JL?N;\[I M?GZHNC=; >; F?C JILN;HNI FCN?L;F BX =;MIM ?G KO? ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I
?RN?HMCP; ] CH?KOCPI=;G?HN? H?=?MMXLC; =IGI I=ILL? H; CHN?LJL?N;\[I >I

JL?=?CNI M?=OH>XLCI >I ;LN >I -* ; >?M?L\[I ?MJ?=C;F KO? =IGI >?
@?H>?GIM ;I =IG?HN;L ?MM? >?FCNI vide 0?AOH>; -;LN? >?MN; I<L; H[I
JI>? ?G HIG? >; L;TI;<CFC>;>? ;J?H;L MIG?HN? ;KO?F? KO? M? ;JL?M?HN;
>?CR;H>ICGJOH?I>?M?LNIL=;JNOL;>I

F;LI KO? JI>?GIM >?@?H>?L M?G IM @L?CIM >IM >IONLCH;>IL?M ILNI
>IRIM IONL;M @ILG;M >? CHN?LJL?N;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L ; ?R?GJFI >;M L?
AL;M >? MIFO\[I >? =IH@FCNIM ;J;L?HN?M >? HILG;M KO? P?LC@C=;L?GIM >?NC>;
G?HN? KO;H>I >I ?MNO>I >; NCJC=C>;>? >I =LCG? GCFCN;L =IGI I =;MI >IM
JLCH=_JCIM >; ?MJ?=C;FC>;>? m lex specialis derogat legi generali m >; ?R
N?HM[I >I JLCH=_JCI in dubio pro reo J;L; ; MIFO\[I >IM =IH@FCNIM ;J;L?HN?M
>? HILG;M[165] ? ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;H;FaAC=; KO? H[I >?CR; >? M?L OG; ?M
J]=C? FaAC=; >? CHN?LJL?N;\[I H[I M? =IH@OH>CH>I =IG ; ;H;FIAC; ?MN; OG;
L?AL;>?CHN?AL;\[I>;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L
CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;H;FaAC=; H;M JL?=CM;M J;F;PL;M >? $OCFB?LG?
+O==C ] I oJLI=?MMI >? ;P?LCAO;\[I >I M?HNC>I >; HILG; DOL_>C=; P;F?H>I
M?
>? ?F?G?HNIM @ILH?=C>IM J?F; JLaJLC; F?C ;NL;P]M >I G]NI>I >? M?G?F
B;H\;p[166] IGI @I=;

M? HI ?M=IJI >; F?C N;G<]G CHN?AL; ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I
FaAC=; G;M =IG OG; CH>C=;\[I >I =;GCHBI ; M?L M?AOC>I >?CR;>I J?FI F?ACM
F;>IL MMCG HI =LCG? >? BIGC=_>CI KO;FC@C=;>I ?G<IL; I CH=CMI &&& >I g I
>I ;LN H[I G?H=CIH? ; =IH>ON; >? G;N;L ;FAO]G =IG I ?GJL?AI >?
OG; ;?LIH;P? >CL?=CIH;>; Y =;M; >I CH>CP_>OI PCNCG;>I ] JIMM_P?F ?MM; CH
N?LJL?N;\[I DX KO? I >CMJIMCNCPI @I=;>I ;F]G >? ?HOG?L;L ;FAOHM =;MIM ?G

OG LIF ?R?GJFC@C=;NCPI J?LGCN? MO; =IGJF?G?HN;\[I J?F; ?RJL?MM[I oIO
KO;FKO?L IONLI G?CI >CMMCGOF;>I IO =LO?F IO >? KO? JIMM; L?MOFN;L J?LCAI
=IGOGp
IGI DX MOM=CN;>I ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;H;FaAC=; H[I M? =IH@OH>? =IG ;
;H;FIAC; KO? J;L; ;FAOHM >?P?LC; M?L JLIM=LCN; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGI OG
NI>I
I F;>I >IM JLCH=_JCIM A?L;CM >I >CL?CNI ? >IM =IMNOG?M ; ;H;FIAC; ]
?HOG?L;>; J?FI ;LN I >; )?C >? &HNLI>O\[I YM HILG;M >I !CL?CNI
<L;MCF?CLI ;HNCA; )?C >? &HNLI>O\[I ;I a>CAI CPCF )?C H >?

=IG ; ?G?HN; ;FN?L;>; J?F; )?C H >?

=IGI
@ILG; >? CHN?AL;\[I >; F?C <L;MCF?CL; @?HbG?HI KO? N;G<]G M? P?LC@C=; ]
=F;LI ?GL?F;\[IYF?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L

"G HIG? >I JLCH=_JCI >; CH>?=FCH;<CFC>;>? >; DOLCM>C\[I IO CH;
@;MN;<CFC>;>? >; DOLCM>C\[I IO ;CH>; non liquet HI L;MCF I DOCT H[I JI>?
@OLN;L
M? ; >?=C>CL OG; KO?MN[I JLXNC=; =IFI=;>; ;I M?O DOAI ;CH>; KO? H[I
B;D; H; F?ACMF;\[I PCA?HN? HILG; ?RJL?MM; KO? NON?F? ; JL?N?HM[I KO;FKO?L
KO? M?D; ?F; ;@?N; Y DOLCM>C\[I J?H;F IO =CPCF =?L=; >I ;MMOHNI GOCNI <?G
>CMJbM #FePCI ;L>CH?FF? ;I =IHMCAH;L KO? ?MM? JLCH=_JCI ?G JLCG?CLI FOA;L
?H=IHNL; AO;LC>; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ?RJL?MM; HI ;LN I 5553 JL?P?H>I
M? KO?
o; F?C H[I ?R=FOCLX >; ;JL?=C;\[I >I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI F?M[I IO ;G?;\; ;
>CL?CNIp -IL ?F? =IH>?HM; I ;ONIL ; )?C *;CIL H[I Ma A;L;HN? I ;=?MMI ;I
-I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI ; NI>IM ;KO?F?M KO? NCP?L?G M?O >CL?CNI PCIF;>I IO
;G?;\;>I G;M N;G<]G CGJd? ;I "MN;>I
DOCT ; CGJIMMC<CFC>;>? >? o?RCGCL
M? >? JLIP?L ; NON?F; DOLCM>C=CIH;F YKO?F?M KO? I JLI=OL?G J;L; J?>CL OG;
MIFO\[I<;M?;>;?GOG;JL?N?HM[I;GJ;L;>;J?FI>CL?CNIp[167]
-ICM <?G OG; P?T CGJ?>C>; ; ;<MN?H\[I >I DOFA;>IL >?P? ?F? ?G
@;=? >; JL?PCM[I F;=OHIM; IO IGCMM[I >; F?C ?G OG =;MI =IH=L?NI CHN?AL;L ;
HILG; DOL_>C=; ;JFC=;H>I I !CL?CNI >? ;=IL>I =IG IM =IMNOG?M IM JLCH=_JCIM
A?L;CM >I !CL?CNI ? ; ;H;FIAC; KO? M[I ?R;N;G?HN? J?FI @;NI >? CHIP;L I
!CL?CNI =IGJL??H>C>IM =IG @IHN?M @ILG;CM G?>C;N;M >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGI
OGNI>I
, =IMNOG? H;M M?GJL? ;AO>;M FC\d?M >? *CL;<?N? o] OG; L?AL; >?
=IH>ON; JL;NC=;>; >? GI>I A?L;F =IHMN;HN? ? OHC@ILG? =IG ; =IHM=C^H=C;
>? MO; I<LCA;NILC?>;>?p[168] -LIMM?AO? I *?MNL? ;>OTCH>I KO? I<PC;
G?HN? H[I M? JI>? @;F;L ?G =LC;\[I IO L?PIA;\[I >? =LCG?M J?FI =IMNOG?
M?H>I CH?AXP?F JIL IONL; PC; MO; CH@FO^H=C; H; CHN?LJL?N;\[I ? H; ?F;<IL;\[I
>; F?C J?H;F[169] F;L;G?HN? IM =IMNOG?M @OH=CIH;G =IG OG =;LXN?L
NL_JFC=? @IG?HN;H>I HOG JLCG?CLI GIG?HNI ; =LC;\[I >? OG; F?C ; A?L
;\[I >? OG NCJI J?H;F KO;H>I M?L[I =IGJL??H>C>IM =IGI @IHN?M @ILG;CM
G?>C;N;M G;M ?G GIG?HNI JIMN?LCIL KO;H>I ; F?C J?H;F DX NCP?L NIG;>I
=ILJI =IGI ?F?G?HNI >? CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;<L;HAC>I J?F; CHN?LJL?N;\[I FaAC=;
IO ;N] G?MGI =IGI J;L?=? ;>?KO;>I MOMN?HN;L H?MN? JIHNI =IGI JIMMC<CF
C>;>? >? CHN?AL;\[I >; F?C J?H;F ?G @;=? >; F;=OH; F?A;F J;L; I =;MI =IH=L?NI
"MM? =;LXN?L NL_JFC=? ?GJL?A;>I ;I =IMNOG? m @IHN? @ILG;F G?>C;N;

?F?G?HNI ;>C=CIH;F >; CHN?LJL?N;\[I FaAC=; ? ?MJ]=C? >? CHN?AL;\[I >; F?C J?H
;F GCFCN;L m JI>? GOCNI <?G M?L L?=IHB?=C>I J;L; IM JLCH=_JCIM A?L;CM >I
>CL?CNIFCXM JI>?
IN;G<]GJ;L;;;H;FIAC;
,M JLCH=_JCIM A?L;CM >I >CL?CNI M[I P?NIL?M JL?GCMM;M ]NC=;M ?RNL;_
>;M >? NI>I I IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I ?MN;<?F?=C>I >? ;=IL>I =IG ; =IHM=C^H
=C; >? >?N?LGCH;>I JIPI "MM?M JLCH=_JCIM I<PC;G?HN? JI>?G P;LC;L =IG ;M
=CPCFCT;\d?M >? GI>I KO? I KO? BID? ] =IHMC>?L;>I JLCH=_JCI JI>? ?G IONL;
]JI=;M?LL?=B;\;>I
#CH;FG?HN? ; ;H;FIAC; =IHMCMN? ?G OG JLI=?MMI >? CHN?AL;\[I HI
KO;F BX ; =LC;\[I >? OG; HILG; J?H;F IH>? ILCACH;LC;G?HN? H[I ?RCMN? CMMI
=IG <;M? ?G OG; JL?PCM[I ;HXFIA; >I JLaJLCI MCMN?G; ?G =OLMI IO >? OG
MCMN?G; ?RaA?HI JI>?H>I ;N] G?MGI M?L ;FC?H_A?H; ;H;FIAC; >?P?
M? L?M
M;FN;L H[I JI>? M?L ;>GCNC>; in malam partem G;M ;J?H;M in bonam
partem IO M?D; H[I M? >?P? ONCFCT;L >; ;H;FIAC; J;L; CH=LCGCH;L @;NIM H[I
JL?PCMNIM ;<MNL;N;G?HN? =IGI NCJIM J?H;CM M?H>I JIMM_P?F MIG?HN? MO; ONCF
CT;\[I J;L; ?MN?H>?L ; ;JFC=;\[I >? OG; =;OM; >? ?R=FOM[I >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>
;>? IO >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? J;L; ;JFC=;L OG; =;OM; A?H]LC=; >? >CGCHOC\[I >?
J?H; ?N= 1_HB;GIM OG <IG ?R?GJFI HI !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG H; =;OM; DOM
NC@C=;HN? >I ;<ILNI L?MOFN;HN? >? ?MNOJLI JL?PCMN; HI CH=CMI && >I ;LN >I
- KO? ?L; ;JFC=;>; N;G<]G J;L; IM =;MIM L?MOFN;HN?M >? ;N?HN;>I PCIF?HNI
;I JO>IL %ID? =IG ; ;FN?L;\[I JLI=?>C>; J?F; )?C H >? >? ;AIMNI
>? BIOP? ?G JLCG?CL; ;HXFCM? ; ?KOCJ;L;\[I >I ?MNOJLI ;I ;N?HN;>I
PCIF?HNI ;I JO>IL NO>I MII JLCG?CLI >?FCNI DX KO? I >?FCNI >? ?M
NOJLI ;LN >I - ;AIL; ] AL;@;>I =IGI I ;NI >? o=IHMNL;HA?L algum
G?>C;HN? PCIF^H=C; IO AL;P? ;G?;\; ; N?L conjuno carnal IO ; JL;NC=;L IO
J?LGCNCL KO? =IG ?F? M? JL;NCKO? outro ato libidinosop +?MM? M?HNC>I ; ;J
FC=;\[I >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN BID? I=ILL? N;G<]G J;L; IM =;MIM ?G KO? ;
AL;PC>?T L?MOFN; >? IONLI ;NI FC<C>CHIMI KO? H[I ; =IHDOH\[I =;LH;F I KO?
=F;MMC@C=XP;GIM =IGI ;N?HN;>I PCIF?HNI ;I JO>IL H[I B;P?H>I H?=?MMC>;>?
>?OG;=IHMNLO\[IJIL;H;FIAC;
+I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L OG <IG ?R?GJFI ] ; ;=?CN;\[I >; @CAOL;
>I J?L>[I DO>C=C;F H[I JL?PCMNI ?RJL?MM;G?HN? HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L

=IGI =;OM; ?RNCHNCP; >; JOHC<CFC>;>? CMMI <OM=;H>I

M? HI a>CAI -?H;F
=IGOG JIL ;H;FIAC; in bonam partem IM FCGCN?M J;L; MO; ;JFC=;\[I +?MM?
M?HNC>I vide =aL>[I >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI
JLI@?LC>I H; J?F;\[I LCGCH;F H #?CNI H >; ; O>
CNILC; D?G

L?F*CH-;OFI-L;T;E
o =IH=?MM[I >? J?L>[I DO>C=C;F ; JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L KO? M? ?H=IHNL;
?G ?MN;>I P?A?N;NCPI ] =;OM; ?RNCHNCP; >; JOHC<CFC>;>? ? =IH@CAOL; L?HeH=C;

Y CGJIMC\[I >; J?H; JIL MO; @F;AL;HN? CHONCFC>;>? "RNCH\[I >; JOHC<CFC>;>?
KO? ?RCG? I L]O >? KO;FKO?L =IHM?KO^H=C; J?H;F ? NILH; CHMO<MCMN?HN? ;
H;NOL?T;=IH>?H;NaLC;>;M?HN?H\;p
, L?@?LC>I ;=aL>[I NIGIO JIL <;M? I CH=CMI &5 >I ;LN >I a>CAI
-?H;F =IGOG <?G =IGI ; 0eGOF; >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; M?
AOH>I ; KO;F ; oM?HN?H\; =IH=?MMCP; >I J?L>[I DO>C=C;F ] >?=F;L;NaLC; >; ?R
NCH\[I>;JOHC<CFC>;>? H[IMO<MCMNCH>IKO;FKO?L?@?CNI=IH>?H;NaLCIp
3CMN;M ;M ?MJ]=C?M >? CHN?LJL?N;\[I ? ;M L?AL;M >? CHN?AL;\[I >; F?C
J?H;F GCFCN;L J;MM?GIM ;AIL; ; ?HOG?L;L IM ?R?GJFIM >? CHN?LJL?N;\[I

;ON^HNC=; =IHN?RNO;F KO? G;CM M[I eN?CM Y ?M=ILL?CN; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C
=;MNL?HM?
F;LI KO? ; ;=?CN;\[I >I J?L>[I DO>C=C;F H[I ] OH_MMIH; N?G; KO?
PIFN;L?GIM;?H@L?HN;L?GGIG?HNI?MJ?=_@C=I
11.1. &HN?LJL?N;\[I;ON^HNC=;=IHN?RNO;FHI a>CAI-?H;F

*CFCN;L
11.1.1. ,+ "&1,!"*&)&1//1!, -*
%X =LCG?M HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? =IHMCAH;G =IGI ?F?G?HNIM

N_JC=IM J;F;PL;M KO? MIG?HN? JI>?G M?L =IGJL??H>C>;M J?F; CHN?LJL?N;\[I
;ON^HNC=; IO ?HN[I KO? ;CH>; KO? JO>?MM?G M?L =IGJL??H>C>;M @;=CFG?HN?
I F?ACMF;>IL JIL CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;ON^HNC=; L?>OTCO M?O ?MJ?=NLI >? ;JFC=;\[I

V HI eFNCGI =;MI I KO? I=ILL? =IG I ?F?G?HNI N_JC=I oGCFCN;Lp J;F;PL; KO?
JI>?LC; GOCNI <?G M?L =IGJL??H>C>; M?G ; oPITp >I F?ACMF;>IL G;M KO?
JL?@?LCO?F?L?MNLCHACLMO;;JFC=;\[I;OGG?HILHeG?LI>?=;MIM
IGI ?R?GJFI P?D;GIM I >?FCNI >? JLIPI=;\[I ; J;_M ?MNL;HA?CLI

=;JCNOF;>I HI ;LN >I -* KO? ;MMCG >CMJd? oProvocar o militar,
diretamente, pas estrangeiro a declarar guerra ou mover hostilidade contra o Brasil ou a intervir em questo que respeite soberania nacionalp
, MOD?CNI ;NCPI >?MM? >?FCNI ] I GCFCN;L HI ?HN;HNI ; J;F;PL;
oGCFCN;Lp HIN?
M? GOCNI <?G JI>?LC; ;<L;HA?L N;HNI ;KO?F? KO? ?MNX ?G M?L
PC\I ;NCPI =IGI ;KO?F?M KO? DX ?MN[I ?G CH;NCPC>;>? IO M?D; IM CHN?AL;HN?M

>;/?M?LP;IOIM/?@ILG;>IM
V I KO? JI>?LC; M?L ?RNL;_>I >; JL?PCM[I =IHNC>; HI g I >I ;LN I

>I "MN;NONI >IM *CFCN;L?M )?C H >?

KO? ?RJd? KO? IM GCF
CN;L?M @?>?L;CM M? ?H=IHNL;G H; ;NCP; m ;<L;HA?H>I IM GCFCN;L?M >? =;LL?CL;

IM CH=ILJIL;>IM YM #IL\;M LG;>;M J;L; JL?MN;\[I >? M?LPC\I GCFCN;L CHC=C;F
>OL;HN? IM JL;TIM JL?PCMNIM H; F?ACMF;\[I KO? NL;N; >I M?LPC\I GCFCN;L IO >OL
;HN? ;M JLILLIA;\d?M >;KO?F?M JL;TIM IM =IGJIH?HN?M >; L?M?LP; >;M #IL\;M

LG;>;M KO;H>I =IHPI=;>IM L?CH=FO_>IM >?MCAH;>IM IO GI<CFCT;>IM IM
;FOHIM >? aLA[I >? @ILG;\[I >? GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; ? >; L?M?LP; ? ?G N?GJI
>? AO?LL; NI>I =C>;>[I <L;MCF?CLI GI<CFCT;>I J;L; I M?LPC\I ;NCPI H;M #IL\;M
LG;>;M m IO H; CH;NCPC>;>? m ;<L;HA?H>I IM >; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>;
KO;H>I J?LN?H\;G Y L?M?LP; >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M ? J?L=?<;G L?GOH?L;\[I

>; 2HC[I JIL]G MOD?CNIM ;CH>; Y JL?MN;\[I >? M?LPC\I H; ;NCP; G?>C;HN?
=IHPI=;\[I IO GI<CFCT;\[I IM L?@ILG;>IM KO;H>I N?H>I J;MM;>I JIL OG;
>;M MCNO;\d?M ;HN?LCIL?M ?MN?D;G >CMJ?HM;>IM >?@CHCNCP;G?HN? >; JL?MN;\[I
>? M?LPC\I H; ;NCP; G;M =IHNCHO?G ; J?L=?<?L L?GOH?L;\[I >; 2HC[I "MM?M
?G N?M? M?LC;G IM GCFCN;L?M @?>?L;CM J?F; ;<L;HA^H=C; >; J;F;PL; oGCFCN;Lp
>?P?H>I
M?@;T?L HI?HN;HNI >ICM;F?LN;M
BX ;CH>; HI ;LN I >; )?C ?G =IG?HNI OG; JL?PCM[I >? =IH>C\[I

>? L?M?LP; GI<CFCTXP?F KO? ;F]G >? CH=FOCL IM GCFCN;L?M >; L?M?LP; L?GO
H?L;>; CH=FOC N;G<]G H[I GCFCN;L?M H; ;=?J\[I KO? ;KOC M? NL;T ; M;<?L

NI>IM IM =C>;>[IM ?G =IH>C\d?M >? =IHPI=;\[I IO >? GI<CFCT;\[I J;L; ;

;NCP; ;F]G >? JL?P?L @IL\;M L?M?LP;M ?G M?O =IHDOHNI ;<L;HA?H>I ;M -IF_
=C;M*CFCN;L?M IM ILJIM>?IG<?CLIM*CFCN;L?M
; =IH=?CNO;\[I ;JL?M?HN;>; ;JFC=;

M? ;IM GCFCN;L?M @?>?L;CM JI
>?H>I =IGJILN;L =IH@ILG;\d?M >CMNCHN;M H;M F?ACMF;\d?M ?MJ?=_@C=;M >? =;>;

2HC>;>? >; #?>?L;\[I =IGI I=ILL? JIL ?R?GJFI ?G 0[I -;OFI IH>?
-L;\;M =IH=?CNI KO? P?L?GIM ;<;CRI H[I CHAL?MM;G ; L?M?LP; >; -IF_=C; *CF
CN;L G;M MCG L?@ILG;G CGJILN;H>I H; CGJIMMC<CFC>;>? >? L?P?LM[I ;I M?L
PC\I;NCPI =IH@ILG?I;LN>I!?=L?NI

)?CH >?>?G;CI>?
"G @;=? >IM ?M=F;L?=CG?HNIM ;=CG; MOLA? ?HN[I ; J?LAOHN; 2G
GCFCN;LL?@ILG;>IJI>?M?LMOD?CNI;NCPI>I>?FCNI?G@I=I
L?MJIMN; ?MNX HI ;LN >I -* IH>? I F?ACMF;>IL ?G CHN?L
JL?N;\[I ;ON^HNC=; >CMJd? KO? o considerada militar, para efeito da aplicao deste Cdigo, qualquer pessoa que, em tempo de paz ou de guerra,
seja incorporada s foras armadas, para nelas servir em posto,
graduao, ou sujeio disciplina militarp
+I ;LNCAI ;=CG; ; J;F;PL; oCH=ILJIL;>;p >X I GIN? CHN?LJL?N;NCPI
;>?KO;>I CGJIH>I KO? M?GJL? KO? BIOP?L AL;@;>I I ?F?G?HNI N_JC=I
oGCFCN;Lp >?P?
M? ?HN?H>?L J?MMI; CH=ILJIL;>; YM #IL\;M LG;>;M ? JIL ?R
N?HM[I ;LLCG;>; HI ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F YM -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M ?

ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M IO M?D; GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; >;M #IL\;M *CFCN
;L?M#?>?L;CM?"MN;>O;CM
-;L; 'ILA? ]M;L >? MMCM I >CMJIMCNCPI ?G ;JL?\I @IC L?PIA;>I

0OMN?HN; ?F? KO? I =IH=?CNI >? GCFCN;L H; ;NO;FC>;>? ] =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ? H[I
F?A;F 1I>;PC; ;CH>; KO? M? ;=?CN? ; PCM[I >I JL?T;>I G?MNL? ? M?D; ;@;MN;>; ;
CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;ON^HNC=; H?MM? =;MI J;L?=?
HIM a<PC; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ;J
FC=;\[I >? OG; interpretao teleolgica =IG <;M? ?R;N;G?HN? HI ;LN >?
GI>I KO? NI>IM IM NCJIM J?H;CM KO? JIMMO;G ; J;F;PL; oGCFCN;Lp ;<;LKO?G
;J?H;M IM GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; DX KO? ?MM; CH?KOCPI=;G?HN? @IC ; CHN?H\[I >I
F?ACMF;>IL
11.1.2 ,+ "&1,!"*&)&1/-,/".2&-/Uk,/1!, -*

IGI PCGIM I GCFCN;L CH;NCPI CHN?AL;HN? >; L?M?LP; IO L?@ILG;>I

H[I =IG?N? NI>IM IM >?FCNIM NL;TC>IM J?F; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I a>CAI -?H;F
*CFCN;L H[I JI>?H>I @CAOL;L =IGI MOD?CNI ;NCPI >? =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M KO? JIM
MO;G;J;F;PL;oGCFCN;Lp?GM?ONCJIJ?H;F
1I>;PC; ?G =?LNIM =;MIM ?G HIG? >? OG; NON?F; J?H;F >; >CM=CJ
FCH; ? >; BC?L;LKOC; I F?ACMF;>IL BIOP? JIL <?G ?KOCJ;L;L GCFCN;L?M CH;NCPIM
;GCFCN;L?M>;;NCP; @;T?H>I
IHI;LN>I a>CAI-?H;F ;MNL?HM?
!?MM; @ILG; JI>?GIM >CT?L KO? ;I F;>I >I =;MI >? =IGOHC=;\[I
>? ?F?G?HN;L?M >I =LCG? HI =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M JL?PCMN; H; M?AOH>; J;LN?
>I g I >I ;LN >I -* I ;LN J?LGCN? KO? IM CH;NCPIM L?MJIH>;G JIL
=LCG?M GCFCN;L?M =IGI M? >; ;NCP; @IMM?G >?M>? KO? ?MN?D; M?H>I
empregado na administrao militar
MMCG KO;H>I I GCFCN;L CH;NCPI ?MNCP?L ?GJL?A;>I H; ;>GCHCM
NL;\[I GCFCN;L >? @ILG; L?AOF;L IO M?D; JIL @IL\; >? ;NI >; ILJIL;\[I GCF
CN;L L?MJ?=NCP; JI>?LX ?F? J?LJ?NL;L IM =LCG?M KO? N?HB;G JIL ?F?G?HNI
N_JC=I ; J;F;PL; oGCFCN;Lp PCMNI KO? ?KOCJ;L;>IM ; ?F? IGI ?R?GJFI CG;
ACH?GIM OG ALOJI >? GCFCN;L?M >; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; >; #IL\; ]L?;
L;MCF?CL; ?GJL?A;>IM HI =IHNLIF? >I NLX@?AI ;]L?I HOG; MCNO;\[I ?G?LA?H
=C;F ? A AL?P? >I ?@?NCPI ?G M?LPC\I ;NCPI )?C H "MN;NONI >IM

*CFCN;L?M HI CH=CMI &&& >; F?NL; b >I g I >I ;LN I J?LGCN? ?MM; =IH>C\[I
>?M>? >? KO? N?GJIL;LC;G?HN? =IHMC>?L;H>I I GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; ? I L?@IL
G;>I ?R=?J=CIH;FG?HN? ;CH>; KO? ?GJL?A;>I H; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L

=IGIGCFCN;L?GMCNO;\[I>?CH;NCPC>;>?
!?P?
M? @;T?L N;G<]G ;KOC ;FAOHM ;F?LN;M J;L; KO? I CHN]LJL?N?
H[ICH=ILL;?G?KO_PI=I
"G JLCG?CLI FOA;L ?MM? ?GJL?AI H; ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L >?P? M?L

>CL?NI H[I ;<L;HA?H>I JIL ?R?GJFI I GCFCN;L L?@ILG;>I KO? ?GJL?A;>I
>? OG; ?GJL?M; =IHNL;N;>; J?F; &HMNCNOC\[I *CFCN;L JL?MN; ;FAOG M?LPC\I HI
CHN?LCIL >I KO;LN?F DX KO? H[I @IC ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L KO? I =IHPI=IO
>CL?N;G?HN? ?MCG;?GJL?M;L?MJIHMXP?FJ?FIM?LPC\IN?L=?CLCT;>I

"MM? ?GJL?AI ;>?G;CM >?P? M?L L?MNLCNI ;IM =;MIM ?G KO? I GCFCN;L
CH;NCPI ?MNX =OGJLCH>I I M?O >?P?L ;N?H>?H>I ;I =B;G;>I >; >GCHCM
NL;\[I *CFCN;L H[I M? ?MN?H>?H>I JILN;HNI ; =;MIM ?G KO? I CH;NCPI <OM=; I

L?NILHI Y PC>; >? =;M?LH; ?MJIHN? JLaJLC; =IGI I =;MI >I ,@C=C;F >; L?M?LP;
L?GOH?L;>; KO? JF?CN?C; P;A; >? >I=?HN? H;M "M=IF;M >? #ILG;\[I *CFCN;L
;=?CNIJILMO;HINXP?F?RJ?LC^H=C;
+[I M? JI>? =IH@OH>CL ; JL?PCM[I >I ;LN >I -* =IG ;KO?F;
JF;MG;>; HI ;LN >I G?MGI >CJFIG; +;KO?F; ; ?KOCJ;L;\[I I=ILL? ;HN?M
>I =IG?NCG?HNI >I =LCG? GCFCN;L IO M?D; BX ; ?KOCJ;L;\[I ; GCFCN;L >; ;NCP;
J;L; I =IG?NCG?HNI >I =LCG? GCFCN;L +?MN; ; ?KOCJ;L;\[I M? >X ?G GI
G?HNI JIMN?LCIL ;JaM ; I=ILL^H=C; >I =LCG? GCFCN;L H[I CGJILN;H>I M? I CH
;NCPI @IC ;ONIL IO P_NCG; >I >?FCNI In exemplis M? OG ,@C=C;F >; L?M?LP; @IL
JL?MI ?G @F;AL;HN? JIL OG =LCG? GCFCN;L N?H>I
I =IG?NC>I H; =IH>C\[I >?
CH;NCPI G?MGI IO ?KOCJ;L;>I ; GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; >?P?LX M?L =IH>OTC>I Y
JL?M?H\; >; ;ONILC>;>? >? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L JIL ,@C=C;F >? BC?L;LKOC;
MOJ?LCIL IO G;CM ;HNCAI DX KO? H; CH;NCPC>;>? G;HN]G ; JL?LLIA;NCP; >I ;LN
>I a>CAI>?-LI=?MMI-?H;F*CFCN;L
-IL @CG ? ;JLIP?CN;H>I ; >CM=OMM[I ;=CG; >?P?

M? N?L ?G G?HN?
KO? I >CMJIMCNCPI ?G =IG?HNI NL;N; ;J?H;M >I GCFCN;L CH;NCPI ?KOCJ;L;>I ;
GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; J;L; @CHM >? =IG?NCG?HNI >? =LCG? GCFCN;L J;MM;H>I ;I F;LAI
>? OG; P?>;\[I J;L; KO? I CH;NCPI =IG?N; =LCG? GCFCN;L H; =IH>C\[I G?MG;
>? CH;NCPI CMMI M? I<M?LP;>IM IM ?F?G?HNIM >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I >I -*
!?MM; @ILG; I CH;NCPI ?HKO;>L;>I HI ;LN >I -* JI>?LX J?L@?CN;G?HN?
JL;NC=;L I >?FCNI >I ;LN >I -* L?MNLCNI ; GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; M?AOH>I CH
N?FCA^H=C; >I ;LN I=;MC[I ?G KO? N?LX ; =IGJF?G?HN;\[I >; NCJC=C>;>?

J?FI CH=CMI & >I ;LN I >I -* G;M N;G<]G JI>?LX J?L@?CN;G?HN? JL;NC=;L
OG BIGC=_>CI =LCG? GCFCN;L H; =IH>C\[I >? CH;NCPI >?M>? KO? I @;NI ?H
=IHNL? ;F]G >; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F MO<MOH\[I HIM ?F?G?HNIM >; -;LN? $?L;F AL;
@;>IMHICH=CMI&&&>I;LN I N;G<]G>I -*
11.1.3. ,+ "&1,!"00"*")%!,/1!, -*

"G ;FAOHM >CMJIMCNCPIM I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ONCFCT; ; J;F;PL;

o;MM?G?FB;>Ip J;L; AL;@;L JLIJIMC\d?M H[I Ma H; -;LN? $?L;F ; ?R?GJFI >;
;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I =IGI N;G<]G H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F ?G ;FAOHM
>?FCNIM ; ?R?GJFI >I ;LN >I -* =LCG? >? GINCG !?P?GIM ?HN[I
M;<?L I KO? M? ?HN?H>? JIL assemelhado J;L; ; ?M=ILL?CN; ;JFC=;\[I >I
a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
, ;LN >I -* >CMJd? KO? o IHMC>?L;

M? ;MM?G?FB;>I I M?LPC>IL
?@?NCPI IO H[I >IM *CHCMN]LCIM >; *;LCHB; >I "R]L=CNI IO >; ?LIHXONC=;
MO<G?NC>I ; JL?=?CNI >? >CM=CJFCH; GCFCN;L ?G PCLNO>? >? F?C IO
L?AOF;G?HNIp
MMCG JIL >CMJIMC\[I F?A;F I ;MM?G?FB;>I M?LC; ;KO?F? KO? ?G<IL;
H[I GCFCN;L ?MNCP?MM? MOD?CNI Y >CM=CJFCH; GCFCN;L JIL @IL\; >IM L?AOF;G?HNIM
?MJ?=_@C=IM
,=ILL? KO? =IGI GOCNI <?G ;HIN; ]FCI )I<[I ?MM; @CAOL; H[I
G;CM ?RCMN? HI OHCP?LMI DOL_>C=I >?M>? ; ?>C\[I >I !?=L?NI H >?
>? DOHBI >? [170] >CJFIG; KO? L?PIAIO ;FAOHM >CMJIMCNCPIM >I ;HNCAI
/?AOF;G?HNI >CM=CJFCH;L >I "R]L=CNI ;JLIP;>I J?FI !?=L?NI H >?
>?@?P?L?CLI>?
1I>;PC; >? HIMM; I<M?LP;\[I P?LC@C=;GIM KO? ;CH>; OG /?AOF;
G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L =IACN; ; ?RCMN^H=C; >? OG ;MM?G?FB;>I KO;F M?D; I >;

#IL\; ]L?; L;MCF?CL; I /! ;JLIP;>I J?FI !?=L?NI H >? >?
M?N?G<LI >? KO? HI g I >I ;LN I =IHMCAH; KO? ;M >CMJIMC\d?M JL?PCM
N;M H;KO?F? L?AOF;G?HNI M[I N;G<]G ;JFC=XP?CM ;IM ;MM?G?FB;>IM >?@CHC>IM

HI ;LN >I !?=L?NI
)?C H >? >? IONO<LI >? HIM =;MIM >?
AO?LL; ?G?LA^H=C; JLIHNC>[I ? G;HI<L;M IGI M? J?L=?<? ?HNL?N;HNI I
/?AOF;G?HNI ?G ;HXFCM? H[I >?@CH? ; @CAOL; >I ;MM?G?FB;>I F;H\;H>I G[I
>I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? JIL MO; P?T L?G?N? I F?CNIL ;IM /?AOF;G?HNIM
!CM=CJFCH;L?M IO M?D; ?G<IL; B;D; ; JL?PCM[I >I ;MM?G?FB;>I HI /! H[I
BX ; >?@CHC\[I >? KO;CM J?MMI;M H;KO?F; &HMNCNOC\[I M? ?HKO;>L;LC;G H;
@CAOL; ?G ?MNO>I I KO? HIM F?P; ; =IH=IL>;L =IG ]FCI )I<[I HI M?HNC>I >?
M?LI;MM?G?FB;>IOG;@CAOL;?RNCHN;

*;FAL;>I ?MM; JIMC\[I >?P?

M? N?L ?G @I=I P?LN?HN? L?=?HN?G?HN?
JIMNOF;>; JIL /IH;F>I 'I[I /INB KO? ?G 0[I -;OFI N?G =IHMC>?L;>I I
0IF>;>I 1?GJILXLCI -* 0> 1?GJ -* =IGI ;MM?G?FB;>I 0?AOH>I I
"GCH?HN? 'OCT >? !CL?CNI ono sendo militar propriamente @;F;H>I I
0> 1?GJ -* =IGI =IHNL;LC;G?HN? ?HN?H>? I IG;H>;HN?
$?L;F >;
-*"0- ?MN;LC; ; )?C L?A?HN? =IHN?GJF;H>I ?MM? civil voluntrio H; condio de assemelhado @CAOL; ?MN; KO? ?G<IL; extinta na comunidade
militar ;AIL; J;L?=? ressuscitada J?F; )?C ?MN;>O;F H p =IH
=FOCH>I G;CM ;>C;HN? KO? o?G<IL; H[I sendo o Sd Temp PM um militar, mas sim um assemelhado JI>? M?L sujeito ativo >I =LCG? GCFCN;L
HIM N?LGIM >I ;LNCAI I >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L B;P?H>I JICM por extenso da lei ordinria =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; ; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?MN;>O;F JLI
=?MM;L?DOFA;LI;=OM;>Ip[171]
"MM; PCM[I HI ?HN;HNI H[I N?G ?H=IHNL;>I ?=I HI 1LC<OH;F >?

'OMNC\; *CFCN;L L?MJ?=NCPI KO? N?G =IHMC>?L;>I I 0> 1?GJ -* =IGI GCFCN;L
>; ;NCP; HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L -IL NI>IM vide I
Habeas Corpus H #?CNI H >; ; O>CNILC; >? 'OMNC\;
*CFCN;L MI< /?F;NILC; >I 'OCT ?F -* PCP;F>C +IAO?CL; 'eHCIL DOFA;G?HNI
?G >?;AIMNI>? KO?>?OILCA?GYM?AOCHN??G?HN;
"HKO;HNI J?L>OL;L ; JL?MN;\[I >? M?O M?LPC\I PIFOHNXLCI I

0IF>;>I -* 1?GJILXLCI ?MN;LX MO<IL>CH;>I YM L?AL;M >CM=CJFCH;L?M ?
DOL_>C=;M ;JFC=XP?CM ; NI>I GCFCN;L >? =;LL?CL; , ;LNCAI >I -* ?G =IH
MIHZH=C; =IG I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LNCAI I >; )?C >? >? G;L\I >?
>?HIN; ; =?LN?T; KO? ; =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L ] CH?L?HN?
Y'OMNC\;*CFCN;L"MN;>O;F
-;L; =IGJFC=;L OG JIO=I G;CM ; KO?MN[I >I 0IF>;>I 1?GJILXLCI
>I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI ; KO?MN[I ;=?L=; >; H;NOL?T; DOL_>C=; >? MO; @OH\[I
@IC ;JL?=C;>; J?FI 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; KO? ?G M?>? >I Habeas Corpus H 0-
MI< ; L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI LH;F>I
"MN?P?M )CG; D

=IHMC>?LIO I 0IF>;>I 1?GJILXLCI =IGI =CPCF
F;PL;H>I
M?;M?AOCHN??G?HN;

o-/, "002)
-"+)
*&)&1/
HABEAS
CORPUS.
,*-"1t+ & 0"/3&U, 25&)&/ 3,)2+1u/&, 0,)!!, -*
1"*-,/u/&, -,)v & *&)&1/ !, "01!, !" 0k, -2), )"&
#"!"/) " )"& "01!2) '201&U "01!2)
*&)&1/ &+ ,*-"1t+ & 0y*2) 01' -/" "!"+1" !, 01#
,/!"* ,+ "!&!
I =IHNLXLCI >I KO? MO=?>? =IG ; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >; 2HC[I =ODI
ZG<CNI >? CH=C>^H=C; JIL ?RJL?MM; JL?PCM[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F m ;LN caput,
>; # ;<L;HA? N;G<]G IM =CPCM ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L
"MN;>O;F;<L;HA?;J?H;MIMJIFC=C;CM?IM<IG<?CLIMGCFCN;L?M
0I<L? ; KO?MN[I ; 1?L=?CL; 0?\[I >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\;

?>CNIO I "HOH=C;>I 0OGOF;L >I M?AOCHN? N?IL q IGJ?N? Y 'OMNC\; IGOG
"MN;>O;F JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L =CPCF ;=OM;>I >? JLXNC=; >? =LCG? =IHNL; CHMNCNO
C\d?MGCFCN;L?M?MN;>O;CMr
)?C #?>?L;F >? JIMMC<CFCNIO ;IM "MN;>IM ? ;I
!CMNLCNI #?>?L;F ; CHMNCNOC\[I >; qJL?MN;\[I PIFOHNXLC; >? M?LPC\IM ;>GCHCM
NL;NCPIM ? >? M?LPC\IM ;ORCFC;L?M >? M;e>? ? >? >?@?M; =CPCF H;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN
;L?M ? HIM ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?Mr M?H>I I 0?LPC\I ORCFC;L 3IFOH
NXLCI CHMNCNO_>I J?F; )?C >? HI ZG<CNI >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I
"MN;>I>?0[I-;OFI
, 0IF>;>I -* N?GJILXLCI HIM N?LGIM >; F?ACMF;\[I >I "MN;>I >?

0[I -;OFI JL?MN; M?LPC\IM ;>GCHCMNL;NCPIM ? ;ORCFC;L?M >? M;e>? ? >? >?@?M;
=CPCF no sendo, portanto, policial militar, mas civil >? GI>I KO? H[I JI>?
M?LJLI=?MM;>I?DOFA;>IJ?F;'OMNC\;*CFCN;L"MN;>O;F
Habeas corpus =IH=?>C>I J;L; ;HOF;L I -LI=?MMI >;

; O>CNILC; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI >?M>? I L?=?<CG?HNI
>; >?HeH=C; CH=FOMCP? ?RJ?>CH>I
M? ;FP;LX >? MIFNOL; ?G M?O @;PIL M? JIL
IONLIGINCPIH[I?MNCP?LJL?MIp
3IFN;L?GIM ; ?MM; >CM=OMM[I =IG HIMMI JIMC=CIH;G?HNI KO;H>I
>I?MNO>I>I;LN I >I -*
11.1.4. ,+ "&1,!"02-"/&,/#2+ &,+)/1!, -*

, -* <OM=;H>I NON?F;M ?MJ?=_@C=;M =IGI ; BC?L;LKOC; ; >CM=CJFCH;

? ; ;ONILC>;>? JIL P?T?M >CMJd? ?G M?OM NCJIM J?H;CM ;M =IH>C\d?M >? MOJ?L
CIL IO CH@?LCIL =IGI ?F?G?HNIM =IHMNCNONCPIM F?P;H>I Y H?=?MMC>;>? >? <OM
=;L I ?R;NI ?HN?H>CG?HNI >?MM?M ?F?G?HNIM J;L; ; DOMN; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H
;FGCFCN;L
IGJL??H>?H>I I =IH=?CNI >? MOJ?LCIL JIL =IHNL;JIMC\[I
I<PC;G?HN? ?HN?H>?
M? N;G<]G I >? CH@?LCIL L;T[I J?F; KO;F H[I HIM
>?N?L?GIMY=IH=?CNO;\[I>?CH@?LCIL
, a>CAI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? NL;<;FB; =IG >O;M =IH=?CNO;\d?M >? MO
J?LCILMOJ?LCILBC?LXLKOC=I?MOJ?LCIL@OH=CIH;F
JLCG?CL; ;=?J\[I H[I ] >?@CHC>; J?FI -* JILKO;HNI CH?L?HN? YM

CHMNCNOC\d?MGCFCN;L?M
=;LL?CL; GCFCN;L ] =IGJIMN; JIL >O;M M?=\d?M =IGJL??H>?H>I ;M
-L;\;M >?N?HNIL;M>?AL;>O;\d?M ?IM,@C=C;CM >?N?HNIL?M>IMJIMNIM
;>; CHMNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L N?G =?LN; FC<?L>;>? ?G ?HOG?L;L M?OM JIM
NIM ? AL;>O;\d?M M?KO?H=C;CM M?H>I =IHP?HC?HN? HI ?HN;HNI P?LC@C=;L ; L?;F
C>;>?>?;FAOG;MCHMNCNOC\d?M CHC=C;H>IJ?F;M#IL\;MLG;>;M
,M CHN?AL;HN?M >; *;LCHB; >? $O?LL; >I L;MCF I=OJ;G ?G IL>?G

=L?M=?HN? ;M M?AOCHN?M AL;>O;\d?M G;LCHB?CLI =;I
M;LA?HNI JLCG?CLI
M;LA?HNI MO<I@C=C;F ? AO;L>;
G;LCHB; M?H>I I
eFNCGI =IHMC>?L;>I JL;\; ?MJ?=C;F -;L; IM ,@C=C;CM N?GIM =IGI I@C=C;CM MO<
;FN?LHIM I M?AOH>I
N?H?HN? ? I JLCG?CLI
N?H?HN? =IGI I@C=C;F CHN?L
G?>CXLCI I =;JCN[I N?H?HN? =IGI I@C=C;CM MOJ?LCIL?M I =;JCN[I >? =ILP?N; I

=;JCN[I >? @L;A;N; ? I =;JCN[I >? G;L ? AO?LL; =IGI I@C=C;CM A?H?L;CM I
=IHNL;
;FGCL;HN? IPC=?
;FGCL;HN??I;FGCL;HN?>??MKO;>L;
+I "R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI N;G<]G ?G IL>?G =L?M=?HN? N?GIM ;F]G
>; AL;>O;\[I CHC=C;F >? MIF>;>I ?G M?LPC\I GCFCN;L I<LCA;NaLCI ;M M?AOCHN?M
AL;>O;\d?M N;C@?CLI M?AOH>; =F;MM? N;C@?CLI JLCG?CL; =F;MM? N;C@?CLI GIL
=IG ?KOCJ;L;\[I ; =;I
M;LA?HNI JLCG?CLI

M;LA?HNI MO<N?H?HN? ? ;MJCL;HN? ; I@C=C;F M?H>I I eFNCGI =IHMC>?L;>I JL;\;

?MJ?=C;F -;L; IM ,@C=C;CM N?GIM =IGI I@C=C;CM MO<;FN?LHIM I M?AOH>I
N?H
?HN? ? I JLCG?CLI
N?H?HN? =IGI I@C=C;F CHN?LG?>CXLCI I =;JCN[I =IGI I@C=C
;CM MOJ?LCIL?M I G;DIL I N?H?HN?

=ILIH?F ? I =ILIH?F =IGI I@C=C;CM A?H?L;CM
IA?H?L;F>?<LCA;>; A?H?L;F>?>CPCM[I?IA?H?L;F>??R]L=CNI
-IL @CG H; #IL\; ]L?; L;MCF?CL; N?GIM G;CM OG; P?T ?G IL>?G
=L?M=?HN? ;F]G >; AL;>O;\[I CHC=C;F >? MIF>;>I ?G M?LPC\I GCFCN;L I<LCA
;NaLCI ;M M?AOCHN?M AL;>O;\d?M N;C@?CLI M?AOH>; =F;MM? N;C@?CLI JLCG?CL;

=F;MM? =IG ?KOCJ;L;\[I ;I MIF>;>I JLCG?CL; =F;MM? N;C@?CLI GIL =IG
?KOCJ;L;\[I ;I =;I
M;LA?HNI JLCG?CLI
M;L
A?HNI MO<I@C=C;F ? ;MJCL;HN? ; I@C=C;F M?H>I I eFNCGI =IHMC>?L;>I JL;\; ?M
J?=C;F -;L; IM ,@C=C;CM N?GIM =IGI I@C=C;CM MO<;FN?LHIM I M?AOH>I

N?H?HN?
? I JLCG?CLI
N?H?HN? =IGI I@C=C;F CHN?LG?>CXLCI I =;JCN[I =IGI I@C=C;CM MO
J?LCIL?M I G;DIL I N?H?HN?

=ILIH?F ? I =ILIH?F =IGI I@C=C;CM A?H?L;CM I
<LCA;>?CLI IG;DIL
<LCA;>?CLI?IN?H?HN?
<LCA;>?CLI
%X ;CH>; J;L; ;M #IL\;M LG;>;M IM JIMNIM >? FGCL;HN? *;L?
=B;F ? *;L?=B;F >I L MIG?HN? ?RCMN?HN?M ?G N?GJI >? AO?LL; =IH@ILG?

>CMJIMC\[I >I g I >I ;LN >; )?C H >? >? >?T?G<LI >?
JILN;HNI ?G N?GJI >? J;T IM JIMNIM GXRCGIM M[I IM >? FGCL;HN? >?
"MKO;>L; $?H?L;F>?"R]L=CNI?1?H?HN?
<LCA;>?CLI
-;L; ;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M ? ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M HIM N?L
GIM >I ;LN I >I !?=L?NI

)?C H >? >? DOFBI >? ;M AL;>O;\d?M
M[I MIF>;>I =;I
M;LA?HNI JLCG?CLI
M;LA?HNI
MO<N?
H?HN? ? ;MJCL;HN? ; I@C=C;F M?H>I I eFNCGI =IHMC>?L;>I JL;\; ?MJ?=C;F
-;L; IM ,@C=C;CM N?GIM =IGI I@C=C;CM MO<;FN?LHIM I M?AOH>I
N?H?HN? ? I
JLCG?CLI
N?H?HN? =IGI I@C=C;F CHN?LG?>CXLCI I =;JCN[I =IGI I@C=C;CM MO
J?LCIL?M IG;DIL IN?H?HN?

=ILIH?F?I=ILIH?F
, !?=L?NI
)?C H HI g I >I G?MGI ;LNCAI J?LGCN? KO? IM
"MN;>IM >; #?>?L;\[I JIL F?CM "MN;>O;CM >?FC<?L?G M? >?M?D;G IO H[I
MOJLCGCL OG IO G;CM JIMNIM IO AL;>O;\d?M >?MM; ?M=;F; BC?LXLKOC=; MMCG
I ;FOHI JI>? ?H=IHNL;L ;FAOHM "MN;>IM ?G KO? H[I BX JIL ?R?GJFI ;M

AL;>O;\d?M >? ? 0;LA?HNIM G;M ;J?H;M ; >? 0;LA?HNI -IL IONLI

F;>I H[I JI>?L[I ;M 2HC>;>?M #?>?L;NCP;M ;=L?M=?L JIMNIM IO AL;>O;\d?M ;
?MM;?M=;F;
I
, G?MGI >CMJIMCNCPI ;=CG; =CN;>I J?LGCN? KO? ; AL;>O;\[I >?

0IF>;>I M?D; @L;=CIH;>; ?G =F;MM?M ;N] I HeG?LI GXRCGI >? NL^M H[I M?
=IH@CAOL;H>I ?G OG; L?F;\[I >? MOJ?LCILC>;>? BC?LXLKOC=; G;M ;J?H;M >?
;HNCAOC>;>? DX KO? ; AL;>O;\[I =IHNCHO;LX M?H>I ; G?MG; +?G NI>IM IM

"MN;>IM@L;=CIH;L;G;AL;>O;\[I>?MIF>;>I
"G NI>;M ;M &HMNCNOC\d?M ;=CG; ?HOG?L;>;M BX ;CH>; IM ;FOHIM >;M
=;>?GC;M *CFCN;L?M =B;G;>IM >? =;>?N?M IO >? ;FOHIM I@C=C;CM ?HKO;>L;
>IM ?GL?AL; =IGIJL;\;M?MJ?=C;CM
*;M I =IH=?CNI >? MOJ?LCIL BC?LXLKOC=I H[I ] I eHC=I ; CH@ILG;L I

!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?G ?MJ?=C;F H;KO?F?M >?FCNIM =OD; MOD?C\[I ;NCP; M?D; L?
M?LP;>; ; MOJ?LCIL IO JIL =IHNL;JIMC\[I ;I KO? JIMNOF;GIM CH@?LCIL %X

;CH>; ?G CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;ON^HNC=; =IHN?RNO;F I =IH=?CNI >? MOJ?LCIL
@OH=CIH;F
, =IH=?CNI >? MOJ?LCIL @OH=CIH;F ?MNX ?RJL?MMI HI ;LN >I -*

KO? ;MMCG >CMJd? o, GCFCN;L KO? ?G PCLNO>? >; @OH\[I ?R?L=? ;ONILC>;>?
MI<L? IONLI >? CAO;F JIMNI IO AL;>O;\[I =IHMC>?L;
M? MOJ?LCIL J;L; ?@?CNI
>;;JFC=;\[I>;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;Lp
+IN?
M? KO? ?MM? =IH=?CNI MIG?HN? ?HNL;LX ?G PIA; JLCG?CLI B;P
?H>I CAO;F>;>? BC?LXLKOC=; ? M?AOH>I KO;H>I OG J;L ?R?L=?L ?G L;T[I >;

@OH\[I ;ONILC>;>?MI<L?IONLI
-;L; M?>CG?HN;L HIMM; ?RJF;H;\[I NIG?GIM IM M?AOCHN?M ?R?G
JFIM M? OG MIF>;>I ;ALC>? ; OG JLCG?CLI

N?H?HN? N?L?GIM ; JIMMC<CFC>;>?
>I =LCG? =;JCNOF;>I HI ;LN >I -* PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; MOJ?LCIL ?G @OH
\[I >; MOJ?LCILC>;>? BC?LXLKOC=; >I I@?H>C>I ?G L?F;\[I ;I MOD?CNI ;NCPI

=IHNO>I N;G<]G B;P?LX I G?MGI >?FCNI M? OG JLCG?CLI
N?H?HN? ;AL?>CL
IONLI GCFCN;L >I G?MGI JIMNI ?MN;H>I ?MN? H; @OH\[I >? IG;H>;HN? >?
IGJ;HBC;>;KO?F? ?MN;<?F?=?H>I
M?;MOJ?LCILC>;>?@OH=CIH;F

-IL P?T?M ] <IG ?M=F;L?=?L ; MOJ?LCILC>;>? @OH=CIH;F MI<L?Jd?

M?
Y ;HNCAOC>;>? &G;ACH?GIM JIL ?R?GJFI KO? OG =ILIH?F >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L
JLIGIPC>I ; ?MM? JIMNI HI ;HI >? ;ALC>; IONLI =ILIH?F JLIGIPC>I ?G
J?M;L >? I JLCG?CLI M?L G;CM ;HNCAI >I KO? I M?AOH>I ?G L;T[I >I
G;CIL N?GJI HI JIMNI M? I =ILIH?F G;CM GI>?LHI @IL I IG;H>;HN? $?L;F
B;P?LXPCIF^H=C;=IHNL;MOJ?LCIL;LN>I -*
12. APLICAO DA LEI PENAL MILITAR

#?CN;M ;M JLCH=CJ;CM =IHMC>?L;\d?M N?aLC=;M ;=?L=; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F
*CFCN;L J;MM;L?GIM ;AIL; ; OG ;MJ?=NI G;CM JL;AGXNC=I JILKO;HNI CHAL?M
M;L?GIM HI ?MNO>I >I N?RNI >; JLaJLC; F?C ?MNO>;H>I JLCG?CLI MO; ;J
FC=;\[I HI N?GJI ? HI ?MJ;\I "G M?AOH>I GIG?HNI NL;<;FB;L?GIM ; ;J
FC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L ?G L?F;\[I YM J?MMI;M KO;H>I P?LC@C=;L?GIM

JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? =IG ; CHN?LM?=\[I >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F ? >? F?ACMF;\[I ?R
NL;P;A;HN? ;MCGOHC>;>?M
12.1. )?CJ?H;FGCFCN;LHIN?GJI
+I KO? =IH=?LH? Y ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L HI N?GJI m L?M
M;FN;GIM KO? M? NL;N; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L MO<MN;HNCPI ? H[I >I ;>D?NCPI
KO? ?HNL; ?G PCAIL >?M>? FIAI ;JFC=;H>I
M? ;IM JLI=?MMIM J?H>?HN?M M?G
JL?DO_TI >; P;FC>;>? >I L?;FCT;>I H; PCA^H=C; >; F?C ;HN?LCIL ;LN I >I
--* H[I B;P?H>I JICM MO; L?NLI;\[I[172] m N?GIM >O;M JL?GCMM;M ;

;M L?AL;M J;L; PCA^H=C; P;=ZH=C; L?PIA;\[I ?N= >;M F?CM =IHMCAH;>;M H; )?C
>? &HNLI>O\[I YM +ILG;M >I !CL?CNI <L;MCF?CLI ;HNCA; )?C >? &HNLI>O\[I ;I
a>CAI CPCF )?C H >?

=IG ; ?G?HN; ;FN?L;>; J?F; )?C H
>?

M[I J?L@?CN;G?HN? ;JFC=XP?CM Y F?C J?H;F ; ;
?>C\[I >? F?CM JI>? A?L;L I =IH@FCNI CHN?LN?GJIL;F KO? ?G L?AL; =IGI DX

?RJIMNI MIFO=CIH;
M? J?F; CLL?NLI;NCPC>;>? >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L =IG;H>;>;
J?FIMCH=CMIM555&5?5)>I;LN I >; #
%X =;MIM HI ?HN;HNI ?G KO? ; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L JI>? ;F=;H\;L @;NIM

JL?N]LCNIM G;L=;H>I
M? ; L?NLI;NCPC>;>? >; F?C J?H;F abolitio criminis ? lex
mitior ? H?MM? ;MJ?=NI ?G H;>; IO JIO=I >CP?LA?G ; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L ? ;
F?C J?H;F =IGOG %X IONLIM =;MIM ?G KO? ; F?C J?H;F MOLN? ?@?CNIM ?G ]JI=;
JIMN?LCIL Y MO; PCA^H=C; IO ?@C=X=C; F?C ?R=?J=CIH;F F?C N?GJILXLC; ? F?C ;H
NCA; ?G @;=? >? OG; HIP; F?C G;CM AL;P? KO;H>I ?MN;L?GIM >C;HN? >; ultratividade >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L L?NLI;NCPC>;>? ? ; ultratividade >; F?C J?H
;F GCFCN;L JILN;HNI MCAHC@C=;G I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >; ;JFC=;\[I >? OG; F?C

J?H;F GCFCN;L ?G J?L_I>I @IL; >? MO; PCA^H=C; IO ?@C=X=C; ;I KO? M? >X I
HIG?>? extratividade >;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L
"MKO?G;NC=;G?HN? N?L_;GIM
H;FCM?GIM;GCe>? JICM ;FAOHMJIHNIML?F?P;HN?M;I;MMOHNI
12.1.1. 1"*-,!, /&*"*&)&1/

Ab initio CHMN; ?HN?H>?L KO;F I GIG?HNI KO? >?P?GIM N?L ?G =IH
MC>?L;\[I J;L; ; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L V JICM I tempus delicti KO?
>;LX I JIHNI >? J;LNC>; J;L; ; ;@?LC\[I HI =IH@FCNI CHN?LN?GJIL;F >; F?C ; M?L
;JFC=;>;
OGJL? ?HN[I ;P?LCAO;L KO;F I tempus delicti ? ; L?MJIMN;

JLCG?CL; ] ; >? KO? I N?GJI >I =LCG? =ICH=C>? =IG MO; JLXNC=; &HKOC?N;HN? ]
; L?MJIMN; ;F=;H\;>; JICM MOA?L? IONL; CH>;A;\[I KO;H>I I =LCG? ] =IHMC>
?L;>IJL;NC=;>I
L?MJIMN; >?@CHCNCP; ?MNX AL;@;>; HI ;LN I >I -* =ODI N?RNI ]

M?G?FB;HN? ;I >I ;LN I >I - =IGOG o IHMC>?L;
M? JL;NC=;>I I =LCG? HI
GIG?HNI>;;\[IIOIGCMM[I ;CH>;KO?IONLIM?D;I>IL?MOFN;>Ip
, HIMMI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;>INIO >?MM;LN? ; teoria da ao IO
da atividade ;@;MN;H>I ;MMCG ;M N?ILC;M >I resultado ? mista OG; P?T KO? I
GIG?HNI >; =IH>ON; ;\[I IO IGCMM[I M?LX =IHMC>?L;>I I >; JLXNC=; >I
=LCG?
-;L; M?>CG?HN;L I ?HN?H>CG?HNI >; N?ILC; ;>IN;>; J?FI a>CAI
-?H;F I KO? FIAC=;G?HN? M? ;JLIP?CN; J;L; I a>CAI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? #L;H
=CM=I >? MMCM 1IF?>I ?HMCH; KO? oM? ; ;\[I ?L; F_=CN; HI GIG?HNI >? MO;
L?;FCT;\[I G;M DX H[I I ?L; HI GIG?HNI >I L?MOFN;>I >?FCNIM ; >CMNZH=C;
HIM KO;CM OG ] I GIG?HNI >; ;\[I IONLI I >I L?MOFN;>I H[I B;P?LX JOH
C\[I JIMM_P?F JICM =IH@ILG? >?MN;=; ?NNCIF q] HI GIG?HNI >; ;\[I KO? I
CGJ?L;NCPI >; HILG; JI>? ;NO;L =IGI GINCPI HI JLI=?MMI JMC=IFaAC=I >;
JLaJLC;;\[Irp[173]
JLIJaMCNI >I JLI=?MMI JMC=IFaAC=I >I ;ONIL >I @;NI =IHP]G >?MN;
=;L KO? H?F? L?JIOM; ; JLCH=CJ;F MOMN?HN;\[I J;L; ; N?ILC; >; ;NCPC>;>? JIL
KO;HNI ] HI oGIG?HNI ?G KO? I ;A?HN? ;A? IO >?CR; >? ;ACL KO? ?F? JI>? IO
>?P?M?HNCL;CHNCGC>;\[I>;F?CJ?H;F KO?H[IFB?]F_=CNICAHIL;Lp[174]
+IM =LCG?M J?LG;H?HN?M =IGI ] I =XL=?L? JLCP;>I ;LN >I

-* ; ;\[I N;F KO;F ; =IHMOG;\[I M? JLINL;C I KO? CGJd? ; ;JFC=;\[I >;

F?C HIP; ?G =;MI >? MO=?MM[I N?GJIL;F >? F?CM M? HI GIG?HNI >? ?HNL;>;
?GPCAIL>;HIP;F?CH[INCP?L=?MM;>I;;\[I
, G?MGI H[I ;=IHN?=? HIM =;MIM >? =LCG?M =IHNCHO;>IM KO;H>I ;

F?C HIP; G;CM AL;PIM; H[I JI>?LX L?NLI;ACL J;L; ;F=;H\;L ; M?KO^H=C; =LCG
CHIM; ;HN?LCIL Y MO; PCA^H=C; *OCNI G;CM L;T[I B;P?LX J;L; ;MMCG ?HN?H>?L
M? F?P;LGIM ?G =IHMC>?L;\[I ; L?AL; >; ?R;MJ?L;\[I HI KO? M? L?@?L? ;I

=LCG?=IHNCHO;>I HIMN?LGIM>IM;LNM? >I -*[175]
#L;H=CM=I >? MMCM 1IF?>I ;I ?R;GCH;L I N?G; HI =LCG?

=IHNCHO;>I FCGCN;H>I
M? ;I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ?HN?H>? >? @ILG; >C
P?LM; =IHMCAH;H>I KO? oM? IM @;NIM ;HN?LCIL?M DX ?L;G JOHC>IM N?H>I I=IL
LC>I MIG?HN? ; ;AL;P;\[I >; J?H; ;JFC=;

M? ?G JLCH=_JCI M;FPI BCJaN?M?
;>C;HN? ?R;GCH;>; I =LCN]LCI >; F?C HIP; ; NI>; ; M]LC? >?FCNCP; JICM HI
=LCG? =IHNCHO;>I N;HNI M? =IHMC>?L; GIG?HNI >; ;\[I I >I JLCG?CLI @;NI
J;L=C;F KO;HNI I >I eFNCGIp[176] BCJaN?M? JIMN?LCILG?HN? ;H;FCM;>; J?FI
G?MNL? >CT L?MJ?CNI MIG?HN? ;I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG JIL I=;MC[I >; PCA^H
=C;>;HIP;-;LN?$?L;F L;T[IJILKO?;=IFI=;GIM>?F;>I
IG ; >?PC>; P^HC; >IM KO? M? JIMC=CIH;G ?G M?HNC>I IJIMNI ?H
N?H>?GIM KO? ; F?C HIP; M? G;CM AL;P? H[I CGJILN; M? ;J?H;M HI KO? N;HA?
Y AL;PC>;>? >; M;H\[I >?P? ;NCHACL MIG?HN? ; M?KO^H=C; =LCGCHIM; I=ILLC>;
MI< MO; PCA^H=C; JL?M?LP;H>I
M? ;MMCG I JLCH=_JCI >? ;<MIFON; CLL?NLI;\[I
>;F?CG;CMM?P?L;
-IL @CG >?P?

M? N?L ?G G?HN? KO? HI J?L_I>I >? vacatio legis L?
CH;;F?C;HNCA;?H[I;KO??HNL;LX?GPCAIL
12.1.2. &//"1/,1&3&!!"! LEX GRAVIOR
IGI DX M? CH@?L? >;M =IHMC>?L;\d?M ;=CG; ; lex gravior H[I

L?NLI;ACLX
-IL lex gravior >?P?

M? N?L N;HNI ; F?C KO? CH=LCGCH; OG; =IH>ON;
novatio legis CH=LCGCH;>IL; =IGI ;KO?F; KO? ;J?H;M ;AL;P; ;M

=IHM?KO^H=C;M >I >?FCNI KO?L ?G L?F;\[I Y J?H; KO?L HI KO? N;HA? YM G?>C
>;M>?M?AOL;H\;
+?MM?M =;MIM ; F?C ;HN?LCIL G;CM <?H]@C=; M?LX ;JFC=;>; ?G J?L_I>I

>CP?LMI @ONOLI >;KO?F? >? MO; PCA^H=C; =IHMNCNOCH>I
M? ?G ultratividade
>;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L
12.1.3. ABOLITIO CRIMINIS
3?LC@C=;
M? ; abolitio criminis oKO;H>I ; F?C HIP; ?R=FOC >; aL<CN;
J?H;F OG @;NI =IHMC>?L;>I =LCG? J?F; F?ACMF;\[I ;HN?LCIL 1L;N;
M? >? OG;
BCJaN?M?>?>?M=LCGCH;FCT;\[Ip[177]
-L?PCMN; ?RJL?MM;G?HN? HI caput >I ;LN I >I -* ; BCJaN?M?

=IH@CAOL; =;OM; >? ?RNCH\[I >; JOHC<CFC>;>? HIM N?LGIM >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN
>I G?MGI Codex L?=IHB?=C>; ?G KO;FKO?L N?GJI IO M?D; ;HN?M IO
>OL;HN? I JLI=?MMI ;JaM ; M?HN?H\; =IH>?H;NaLC; CLL?=ILL_P?F ? H; @;M? >?
?R?=O\[I >; M?HN?H\; MOJLCGCH>I
M? NI>IM IM ?@?CNIM >I =IG?NCG?HNI >I >?
FCNI ?R=?NI IM >? H;NOL?T; =CPCF ?G I<M?LPZH=C; Y CH>?J?H>^H=C; >;M ?M@?L
;M[178]
>P?LN? #L;H=CM=I >? MMCM 1IF?>I KO? J;L; I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F

#?>?L;F ; abolitio criminis MIG?HN? I=ILL?LX ?G @;=? >? OG; L?PIA;\[I
NIN;F ;<
LIA;\[I >I JL?=?CNI J?H;F CN; =IGI ?R?GJFI I LIOI
=IHNL; ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI >? =L]>CNI KO? >?CRIO >? M?L ;<L;HAC>I J?FI ;LN
>I - J;L; M?L ;JL?=C;>I Y FOT >I !?=L?NI
)?C H )?C >? 0?AOL;H\;
+;=CIH;F PCH>I JIMN?LCILG?HN? ; M?L ?R=FO_>I >?MM? >CJFIG; J?F; )?C H

MMCH;F; I M;O>IMI G?MNL? KO? I @;NI M?GJL? @IC CH=LCGCH;>I J?F;
F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F ;J?H;M >C@?LCH>I HI KO? =IH=?LH? Y MO; NCJC@C=;\[I F?A;F I
KO? F?PIO ; 0OJL?G; ILN? ; H[I L?=IHB?=?L ; >?M=LCGCH;FCT;\[I OFN?LCIL >I
@;NI[179]
12.1.4. )"5*&1&,/

!?=ILL?HN? >IM JL?=?CNIM @OH>;G?HN;CM >; HIMM; Grundnorm

;=CG; DX NL;N;>IM N?G
M? =IGI ?R=?\[I Y CLL?NLI;NCPC>;>? ; L?NLI;\[I >; F?C
G;CM <?HCAH; lex mitior IO lex mellius +I MCMN?G; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F JILN
;HNI BIOP? ; L?=?J\[I >; JL?PCM[I =IHNC>; HI g I >I ;LN I >I -* o F?C
JIMN?LCIL KO? >? KO;FKO?L IONLI GI>I @;PIL?=? I ;A?HN? ;JFC=;
M? L?N
LI;NCP;G?HN? ;CH>; KO;H>I DX N?HB; MI<L?PCH>I M?HN?H\; =IH>?H;NaLC;

CLL?=ILL_P?Fp
+[I BX AL;H>? =IGJFC=;\[I ?G ;<MILP?L I JIMNOF;>I ;MN; >CT?L
KO? M?GJL? >?P?LX JL?P;F?=?L HI =IH@FCNI N?GJIL;F ; F?C G;CM <?HCAH; M?D;
?F; ; ;HN?LCIL =;MI ?G KO? B;P?LX ; OFNL;NCPC>;>? =IGI PCMNI M?D; ?F; ; JIM
N?LCIL =;MI?GKO?B;P?LX;L?NLI;NCPC>;>?
+?MM? =IHN?RNI ?HNL?N;HNI OG; KO?MN[I >?MJIHN; =IGI M? >?P?
;@?LCLKO;F;F?CG;CM<?HCAH;
IGI HILN? JLCG?CLI >CMJd? I g I >I ;LN I >I -* o-;L; M?

L?=IHB?=?L KO;F ; G;CM @;PILXP?F ; F?C JIMN?LCIL ? ; ;HN?LCIL >?P?G M?L =IH
MC>?L;>;M M?J;L;>;G?HN? =;>; KO;F HI =IHDOHNI >? MO;M HILG;M ;JFC=XP?CM

;I@;NIp
M F?CM JILN;HNI >?P?G M?L ;@?LC>;M ?G M?O =IHN?RNI NIN;F H[I M?

JI>?H>I@L;=CIH;L;CHN?LJL?N;\[I
OM=;H>I MIFO=CIH;L ; KO?MN[I >? @ILG; G;CM JL;AGXNC=; m F?G
<L;H>I ;HN?M JIL]G >; ;>P?LN^H=C; >? %?F?HI #L;AIMI J;L; KO?G ; >?@CH
C\[I >; F?C G;CM <?HCAH; >?P? M?L I<NC>; ?G @;=? >I =;MI =IH=L?NI m #L;H
=CM=I>?MMCM1IF?>I[180] =IHMC>?L;G;CM<?HCAH;;F?C
; KO? =IGCH? J?H; G;CM <L;H>; JIL MO; H;NOL?T; KO;HNC>;>?
=LCN]LCIM>?;JFC=;\[I?>IMCG?NLC;IOGI>I>??R?=O\[I
< KO? =LC? HIP;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ;N?HO;HN?M =;OM;M >? >CGCHOC\[I

>; J?H; IO <?H?@_=CIM L?F;=CIH;>IM =IG ; ?RNCH\[I MOMJ?HM[I IO >CMJ?HM;
>? ?R?=O\[I >; J?H; IO ;CH>; G;CIL?M @;=CFC>;>?M J;L; I FCPL;G?HNI
=IH>C=CIH;F

= KO? ?RNCHA; =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ;AL;P;HN?M =;OM;M >? ;OG?HNI >?

J?H;IOKO;FC@C=;>IL;M
> KO? ?MN;<?F?\; HIP;M =;OM;M ?RNCHNCP;M >; JOHC<CFC>;>? IO ;GJFC?

;M BCJaN?M?M >? CH=C>^H=C; >;M DX ?RCMN?HN?M HIN;>;G?HN? KO;H>I L?>OT
JL;TIM >? >?=;>^H=C; >? JL?M=LC\[I IO ?MN;<?F?=? GI>I G;CM @;PILXP?F >?
=IHN;A?G>?MM?MJL;TIM
? KO? ?RNCHA; G?>C>;M >? M?AOL;H\; J?H;M ;=?MMaLC;M IO ?@?CNIM >;

=IH>?H;\[I
@ KO? ;GJFC? ;M BCJaN?M?M >? CHCGJON;<CFC>;>? >? ;NCJC=C>;>? >?
?R=FOM[I>;CFC=CNO>? >??R=FOM[I>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?IO>?CM?H\[I>?J?H;
"PC>?HN?G?HN? I LIF ;JL?M?HN;>I <OM=; MIFO=CIH;L IM =;MIM >? =IH
@FCNIM CHN?LN?GJIL;CM JIL]G H[I =IHAL;\; NI>; ? KO;FKO?L BCJaN?M? JIMM_P?F

"R?GJFI =F;LI >?MM; CHMO@C=C^H=C; P?LC@C=;
M? HI =;MI >; )?C H
KO? >?HNL? IONL;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M ?R=FO_; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L I =LCG?
>IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; JL;NC=;>I JIL GCFCN;L =IHNL; =CPCF[181] -IL OG F;>I
;N] BID? H[I M? JI>? =IH=FOCL HI M?HNC>I >? OG; lex gravior IO lex mitior
OG; P?T KO? H[I M? M;<? M? ; MO<GCMM[I >IM =;MIM ;I 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC CG
JILNIO?GG;CILHeG?LI>?=IH>?H;\d?M
IGI M? HIN; ;HN?M >; "G?H>;
IHMNCNO=CIH;F H >? >?
>?T?G<LI >? [182] MOMN?HNXP;GIM ; NL;HMGO>;\[I >IM =LCG?M >IFI
MIM HIM J;N;G;L?M ?RJIMNIM >? =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M J;L; =LCG?M =IGOHM ? H[I
; MCGJF?M NL;HM@?L^H=C; >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI JIL M?L BCJaN?M? CH
=IH=?<_P?F DX KO? ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >;M 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M ?MN;LC; ? ?MNX AL;@;>;

HIM ;LNM ? g I >; )?C *;CIL H[I JI>?H>I M?L ;FN?L;>; JICM JIL
F?C CH@L;=IHMNCNO=CIH;F %ID? =IG ; HIP; L?>;\[I >;>; ;I ;LN g I >;
# HI ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F ] JIMM_P?F ;@CLG;L KO? I =LCG? ;CH>; M? =;L;=N?LCT;
=IGI GCFCN;L JIL]G DOFA;>I J?F; 'OMNC\; IGOG J?LG;H?=?H>I ; MCNO;\[I
;HN?LCIL J;L; ; ?M@?L; @?>?L;F OG; P?T KO? I =IHMNCNOCHN? >?LCP;>I JIL ?H
KO;HNI H[I;FN?LIOI>CMJIMNIHI;LN>; ;LN;*;CIL

"G P?L>;>? ?MM; ?L; OG; CHN?LJL?N;\[I elstica >; F?C IO M?D; ?M
N;GIM >;H>I OG MCAHC@C=;>I ;F]G >I =IHNC>I M?G;HNC=;G?HN? ?G MO;M J;
F;PL;M J;L; ;J;TCAO;L IM ZHCGIM PCMNI KO? BX L?=;F=CNLZH=C; ?G =IHMC>?L;L ;

F?CG;N?LC;FG?HN?CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;F IKO?>?@;NI][183]
CH>; MI<L? ; )?C H PXLCIM =LCN]LCIM JI>?LC;G M?L ?HO
G?L;>IM J;L; ?HN?H>^

F; G;CM <?HCAH; IO G?HIM <?HCAH; )CGCN;L
HIM
?GIM;IMG;CM=IHNOH>?HN?M
V JIMM_P?F ;@CLG;L KO? ; )?C H ] G?HIM <?HCAH; JIL
KO;HNI ;@;MN; I escabinato =CL=OHMNZH=C; KO? ;J?M;L >? ?MN;L JL?PCMN; GIL
G?HN? HI a>CAI >? -LI=?MMI -?H;F *CFCN;L L?P?MN?

M? >? H;NOL?T; G;N?LC;F
DX KO? JLIJC=C; I DOFA;G?HNI >? GCFCN;L?M JIL J;L?M G;CM ;@?CNIM YM ;ALOL;M
>;M GCMMd?M CGJIMN;M ;IM GCFCN;L?M JILN;HNI =IG G?FBIL =IH>C\[I >? ;@?L
C\[I >I @;NI =LCG? MI<L?NO>I HI KO? =IH=?LH? Y =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?HN?H>C>;

=IGIDO_TI>?L?JLIP;\[I
-IL IONLI F;>I JI>?L
M?
C; ?HN?H>?L KO? ; MO<GCMM[I ; DeLC JIJOF;L
M? =IH@CAOL; >CL?CNI @OH>;G?HN;F >I =C>;>[I m N;G<]G M? =IHMO<MN;H=C;H>I

?G !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L MO<MN;HNCPI m JILN;HNI CH;@;MNXP?F ? >? NON?F;
I<LCA;NaLC; J?FI "MN;>I 0I< ?MM? JLCMG; ; F?C ?G ;JL?\I >?P?LC; L?NLI;ACL
JILM?LG;CM<?H]@C=;
3?H=C>I I I<MNX=OFI >; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? m L?MM;FN;GIM KO? ;
HIMMI P?L ; F?C ?L; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;F J;L; ;JFC=;\[I ;IM GCFCN;L?M >IM "MN;>IM
? ;CH>; I ] J;L; ;JFC=;\[I ;IM GCFCN;L?M @?>?L;CM m =IHMC>?L;GIM =I?L?HN? ;
JLCG?CL;;LAOG?HN;\[I IOM?D; ;>?KO?;F?C sub examine ]G;CMM?P?L;
, M?AOH>I ;LAOG?HNI M? =IHMIG? ?G MO; JLaJLC; @OH>;G?HN;\[I
CMNI ] M? ; MO<GCMM[I ; DeLC JIJOF;L ] OG >CL?CNI @OH>;G?HN;F >? NI>IM JIL

KO? ; F?C M? L?MNLCHA? MIG?HN? ;IM =;MIM ?G KO? =CPCM @IL?G PCNCG;>IM -IL
KO? I BIGC=_>CI >? GCFCN;L JIL GCFCN;L N;G<]G H[I ] MO<G?NC>I Y G?MG;
DOLCM>C\[I
"G KO? J?M?G ;M ;LAOG?HN;\d?M CGJILN; P?LC@C=;L KO? ; F?C PCHB;
M?H>I ;JFC=;>; ;I G?HIM H;M 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M "MN;>O;CM M?H>I @IL\IMI

=IH=FOCL KO? M? NL;N; >? HILG; >? !CL?CNI -?H;F GCFCN;L ;>D?NCPI JILN;HNI >?
;JFC=;\[I CG?>C;N; ;IM JLI=?MMIM L?@?L?HN?M ; @;NIM B;PC>IM ;HN?M >; PCA^H=C;
>; F?C "MM; L?;FC>;>? >?P? =IHNCHO;L ;AIL; =IG I L?MJ;F>I >I N?RNI =IH
MNCNO=CIH;F[184]
-IL @CG >?P?
M? N?L ;N?H\[I KO? ; F?C G;CM <?HCAH; >?P? M?L ;J
FC=;>; =;MI NL;HMCN;>; ?G DOFA;>I ; M?HN?H\; J?FI DOCT L?MJIHMXP?F J?F; ?R
?=O\[I =LCGCH;F HIM N?LGIM >I >CMJIMNI H; 0eGOF; >I 0OJL?GI
1LC<OH;F#?>?L;F
12.1.5. LEX TERTIA
,ONL; KO?MN[I CHNLCA;HN? >CT L?MJ?CNI Y JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? =IG<CH;\[I

>? >CMJIMCNCPIM >? >O;M F?CM ?G ;@?LC\[I >? GI>I KO? M? JIMMC<CFCN? ; ;J
FC=;\[I >IM >CMJIMCNCPIM G;CM <?H]@C=IM >? ;G<;M >;H>I ILCA?G ;MMCG ;
OG;N?L=?CL;F?C
M IJCHCd?M M? >CPC>?G B;P?H>I CFOMNL?M ;>?JNIM N;HNI ?G M?HNC>I

=IHNLXLCI[185] =IGI?GM?HNC>I@;PILXP?F[186]
"G HIMM; PCM[I ?MM; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >?P? M?L L?=B;\;>; JICM ?MN;L
M?
C; =IH@?LCH>I ;I 'O>C=CXLCI OG JI>?L J;L; I KO;F H[I JIMMOC IONILA; IO
M?D; I JI>?L >? F?ACMF;L "MN;L
M?
C; JICM =IFI=;H>I ?G =IF;JMI ; CH>?
J?H>^H=C; >IM -I>?L?M OG >IM JLCH=_JCIM @OH>;G?HN;CM >; /?Je<FC=;

#?>?L;NCP;>IL;MCF HIMN?LGIM>I;LN I >; #
>?G;CM =;MI KO?CL;GIM >?M=?L >I ZG<CNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F I g I
>I ;LN I >I -* ?RJL?MM;G?HN? JLI_<? ?MM; GCM=?FZH?; >? >CMJIMCNCPIM
J?FI G;ACMNL;>I =IHMCAH;H>I m L?J?NCGIM JIL MO; CGJILNZH=C; m KO? oJ;L;
M? L?=IHB?=?L KO;F ; G;CM @;PILXP?F ; F?C JIMN?LCIL ? ; ;HN?LCIL >?P?G M?L
=IHMC>?L;>;M M?J;L;>;G?HN? =;>; KO;F no conjunto de suas normas aplicveis ;I@;NIpALC@IHIMMI
/?MM;FN?
M? JIL @CG KO? ?MM; JIMC\[I ] ; KO? M? N?G P?LC@C=;>I HI
0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F KO? DX >?=C>CO KO? ;I DOCT oH[I ] J?LGCNC>I =LC;L

? ;JFC=;L OG; qN?LT; F?AA? >CP?LM;r >? GI>I ; @;PIL?=?L I L]O JICM H?MM;
BCJaN?M? M?NL;HM@ILG;LC;?GF?ACMF;>ILp[187]
12.1.6. *"!&!0!"0"$2/+U
!CMJd? I ;LN I >I -* oM G?>C>;M >? M?AOL;H\; L?A?G

M? J?F;
F?C PCA?HN? ;I N?GJI >; M?HN?H\; JL?P;F?=?H>I ?HNL?N;HNI M? >CP?LM; ; F?C
PCA?HN?;IN?GJI>;?R?=O\[Ip
j F?NL; >; F?C H[I M? ;JFC=;LC; YM G?>C>;M >? M?AOL;H\; ; ;HN?LCILC>
;>? CH?L?HN? =IGIDXPCGIM ;IJLCH=_JCI>;F?A;FC>;>?
!?P?
M? N?L ?G =IHN; =IHNO>I KO? I CH=CMI 5) >I ;LN I >; Lex
Mater H[I L?MNLCHA? ; L?NLI;\[I ;I =LCG? ? Y J?H; =IGI @;TC; ; IHMNCNOC\[I
;HN?LCIL ?G M?O ;LN g *;CM ;<L;HA?HN? I N?RNI ;NO;F L?@?L?
M? Y F?C
J?H;F IKO? I<PC;G?HN? ;F=;H\;;MG?>C>;M>?M?AOL;H\;
!?MM; @ILG; =IGI DX =IHMCAH;>I >?P? B;P?L L?NLI;\[I >? F?C J?H;F
KO?NL;A;=IH>C\[IG;CM<?H]@C=;?GG;N]LC;>?G?>C>;M>?M?AOL;H\;
12.1.7. +,/*-"+)"*/+ ,
+;M FC\d?M >? H>L?C 0=BGC>N ; =IH=?CNO;\[I >? F?C J?H;F ?G
<L;H=I @IC CH;OAOL;>; JIL CH>CHA >?@CHCH>I

; =IGI oNI>; F?C KO? >?N?LG
CH; M;H\[I JIL]G H[I I JL?=?CNI KO? >?P?LX M?L >?@CHC>I JIL L?AOF;G?HNI
IO JIL OG; IL>?G >; ;ONILC>;>? ? L;L;M P?T?M JIL OG; F?C ?MJ?=C;F
JL?M?HN? IO @ONOL;p[188] "HMCH;
HIM ;CH>; KO? *?TA?L ;GJFCIO N;F =IH
=?CNI =IHMC>?L;H>I ; F?C J?H;F ?G <L;H=I ?G NL^M =;N?AILC;M o; KO;H>I I

=IGJF?G?HNI >? OG; HILG; ?H=IHNL;
M? H; G?MG; F?C < KO;H>I M? ?H=IH
NL; ?G IONL;M F?CM JIL]G ?G;H;>;M >; G?MG; ;ONILC>;>? F?ACMF;NCP; ? =

KO;H>II=IGJF?G?HNI]@?CNIJILCHMNZH=C;F?ACMF;NCP;>CP?LM;p[189]
#X=CF J?L=?<?L KO? ;M >O;M JLCG?CL;M ?MJ]=C?M ?G P?L>;>? M[I ?F?
G?HNIM HILG;NCPIM >I NCJI =IHMNCNOCH>I

M? YM P?T?M ?G CHN?LJL?N;\d?M
;ON^HNC=;M KO;H>I I ?M=IJI @IL ?M=F;L?=?L >?N?LGCH;>I ?F?G?HNI N_JC=I
IHMNCNOC
M? ?G P?L>;>? ?G HILG; J?H;F ?G <L;H=I m IO HILG; J?H;F

=?A; =IGI JL?@?L?G ;FAOHM m ;J?H;M ; N?L=?CL; ?MJ]=C? IO M?D; >CMJIMCNCPIM

J?H;CM =ODI JL?=?CNI JLCGXLCI >?@CHC>IL >? =IH>ON;M N_JC=;M MIG?HN? ?H=IH
NL; =F;L?T; J?F; =IGJF?G?HN;\[I >? IONL; CHMNZH=C; F?AC@?L;HN? m HILG; J?H
;F ?G <L;H=I BIGIA^H?; IO HILG;M CGJLIJLC;G?HN? ?G <L;H=I m IO IONL;

;ONILC>;>? m HILG; J?H;F ?G <L;H=I B?N?LIA^H?; IO HILG;M JLIJLC;G?HN?
?G<L;H=I
"R?GJFI =FXMMC=I ?MNX HI ;LN >I -* J;L; =OD; ?R;N; >?@CHC\[I

] GCMN?L F;H\;L G[I >? OG; L?AOF;G?HN;\[I ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; m JILN;HNI
L?MOGCH>I
M? ?G ?MJ]=C? B?N?LIA^H?; m ; ?HOG?L;L KO;CM MO<MNZH=C;M JIM
MO?GILaNOFI>??HNILJ?=?HN?M
&GJd?
M? ?G @;=? >?MM; ?MJ]=C? >? HILG; ; NILG?HNIM;
;P?LCAO;\[I MI<L? M? ; ;FN?L;\[I >; HILG; =IGJF?G?HN;L CGJILN;LX ?G ;F
AOG;=IHM?KO^H=C;J?H;FGCFCN;L
OHB;H>I JIMC\d?M >CP?LM;M @IC JIMM_P?F HIN;L ; JL?M?H\; >? OG;
JIF^GC=; ;AO>; HI ?HN;HNI BX OG; JIMC\[I CHN?LG?>CXLC; =IG ; KO;F
;MM?HNCGIM
-IL ?MM; JIMC\[I N?GJ?L;>; J;L; L?MJIH>?L Y CH>;A;\[I ] JL?=CMI

KO? M? CHP?MNCAO? CHC=C;FG?HN? M? ; ;FN?L;\[I H; HILG; =IGJF?G?HN;L CG
JILN;?GMOJL?MM[I>I=;LXN?LCF_=CNI>I@;NIIOH[I
MMCG B;P?LX ;FN?L;\d?M KO? CGJFC=;L[I ; ;FN?L;\[I >; JLaJLC; ;HNC
DOLC>C=C>;>? >I @;NI CN?

M? I ?R?GJFI >IM =LCG?M ;@?NIM YM MO<MNZH=C;M
?HNILJ?=?HN?M =IGI HI DX ;FO>C>I ;LN IO HI >?FCNI >I ;LN KO?
NL;N;>;H[I=IGOHC=;\[I>?>I?H\;>?HINC@C=;\[I=IGJOFMaLC;
,=ILL?L[I JIL IONLI F;>I =;MIM ?G KO? ; ;FN?L;\[I >; HILG; =IG
JF?G?HN;L CGJILN;LX ?G MCGJF?M GI>C@C=;\[I >? J;N;G;L?M M?G CHN?L@?LCL

H; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? >I @;NI V I KO? JI>? ;=IHN?=?L =IG ; ;FN?L;\[I >; N;R;
>? DOLIM @CR;>; ?G F?C ?F?G?HNI HILG;NCPI >I NCJI J?H;F >I ;LN >I -*
KO? >?@CH? I =LCG? >? usura pecuniria[190] +?MM? =;MI J;L;@L;M?;H>I
#L;H=CM=I >? MMCM 1IF?>I[191] ; HILG; J?H;F H[I JLI_<? I GeNOI >? >CH
B?CLI=IGDOLIM x G;MMCGIGeNOI;DOLIMKO??R=?>;G;N;R;@CR;>;?GF?C
12.1.8. )"&"5 "- &,+)")"&1"*-,/u/&

!CMJd? I ;LN I >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L o F?C ?R=?J=CIH;F IO N?G
JILXLC; ?G<IL; >?=ILLC>I I J?L_I>I >? MO; >OL;\[I IO =?MM;>;M ;M =CL=OH
MNZH=C;M KO? ; >?N?LGCH;L;G ;JFC=;

M? ;I @;NI JL;NC=;>I >OL;HN? MO;
PCA^H=C;p
+I G;ACMN]LCI >? #L;H=CM=I !CL=?O ;LLIM F?CM ?R=?J=CIH;CM oM[I ;M

JLIGOFA;>;M ?G =IH>C\d?M ?R=?J=CIH;CM H[I L;LI MI< turbulncia social,
calamidades pblicas, guerras, revolues, cataclismos, epidemias ?N=p
?HKO;HNI ;M N?GJILXLC;M oM[I ;M KO? DX NL;T?G HI M?O JLaJLCI N?RNI I N?GJI
>?PCA^H=C;p[192]ALC@I>I;ONIL
3CAIL; ?G L?F;\[I YM F?CM ?R=?J=CIH;CM =IGI ] I =;MI >I JLaJLCI

a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L HI KO? =IH=?LH? ;IM >CMJIMCNCPIM ;JFC=XP?CM ?G N?GJI
>?AO?LL;?YMF?CMN?GJILXLC;M; ultratividade >;F?C
+?G JI>?LC; M?L >? IONL; @ILG; >I =IHNLXLCI N;CM F?CM M?LC;G CH
?@C=;T?M JICM ;M =IH>C\d?M KO? ;M ?HM?D;G H[I N^G =;LXN?L J?LG;H
?HN?[193] M?H>I IM =CN;>IM >CJFIG;M ;ONILL?PIAXP?CM KO?L J?F; =?MM;\[I >;

MCNO;\[I?R=?J=CIH;F KO?LJ?FIN?LGI>IJ?L_I>I@CR;>IH;JLaJLC;F?C
12.1.9. /&*" ,+1&+2!," /&*"-"/*+"+1"
IGI P?L?GIM >CT

M? =IHNCHO;>I ;LN >I -* I =LCG? ?G KO?
I ;A?HN? G?>C;HN? G;CM >? OG; ;\[I IO IGCMM[I JL;NC=; >ICM IO G;CM
=LCG?M >; G?MG; ?MJ]=C? ? J?F;M =IH>C\d?M >? N?GJI FOA;L G;H?CL; >? ?R
?=O\[I ? IONL;M M?G?FB;HN?M >?P?G IM MO<M?KO?HN?M M?L =IHMC>?L;>IM =IH
NCHO;\[I>IJLCG?CLI
LCG? J?LG;H?HN? JIL MO; P?T =IHMCMN? HI >?FCNI =OD; =IHMOG;\[I
M? JLINL;C HI N?GJI JLIFIHA;

M? ; ?R?GJFI >I >?FCNI >? ?RNILM[I G?>C;HN?
M?KO?MNLI;LN>I -*
%X KO? M? >CM=ONCL H?MM? =IHN?RNI =IGI @C=;LC; ; MO=?MM[I N?GJIL;F

>? F?CM J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M >C;HN? >? OG; M?KO^H=C; >? ;NIM =LCGCHIMIM KO? JIM
M;G M?L =IHMC>?L;>IM =LCG? eHC=I JIL @C=\[I IO M?D; =LCG? =IHNCHO;>I IO

>? OG =LCG? J?LG;H?HN? ?G KO? ; =IHMOG;\[I M? CHC=C; MI< OG; F?C ? =?MM;
MI<IONL;
L?MJIMN; ?MNX H; 0eGOF; >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F in
verbis
o F?C J?H;F G;CM AL;P? ;JFC=;
M? ;I =LCG? =IHNCHO;>I IO ;I =LCG?
J?LG;H?HN? M? ; MO; PCA^H=C; ] ;HN?LCIL Y =?MM;\[I >; =IHNCHOC>;>? IO >;

J?LG;H^H=C;p
12.2. )?CJ?H;FGCFCN;LHI?MJ;\I
IGI M;<?GIM HI !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG PCA? =IGI L?AL; I JLCH=_
JCI>;N?LLCNILC;FC>;>?? =IGI?R=?\[I IJLCH=_JCI>;?RNL;N?LLCNILC;FC>;>?

I NL;N;L >; ?RNL;N?LLCNILC;FC>;>? ; >IONLCH; J?H;F =IGOG ?HOG?L
IO ;FAOHM JLCH=_JCIM KO? ; >?@CH?G =IGI I JLCH=_JCI >I pavilho >; nacionalidade >; defesa ?>; justia universal
"MM; HI ?HN;HNI H[I ] ; L?;FC>;>? >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO?

NIGIO JIL L?AL; ; N?LLCNILC;FC>;>? ;I G?MGI N?GJI KO? ; ?RNL;N?LLCNILC;FC>
;>? HIM N?LGIM >I KO? =IHMCAH; I ;LN I >I L?@?LC>I >CJFIG; KO? M;=L;
G?HN; in verbis oJFC=;

M? ; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L M?G JL?DO_TI >? =IHP?H\d?M
NL;N;>IM ? L?AL;M >? >CL?CNI CHN?LH;=CIH;F ;I =LCG? =IG?NC>I HI NI>I IO ?G
J;LN? HI N?LLCNaLCI H;=CIH;F IO @IL; >?F? ;CH>; KO? H?MN? =;MI I ;A?HN? ?M
N?D;M?H>IJLI=?MM;>IION?HB;MC>IDOFA;>IJ?F;DOMNC\;?MNL;HA?CL;p
"MM; CLL?MNLCN; ?RNL;N?LLCNILC;FC>;>? m ;>OT /IG?CLI ;JLIP?CN;H>I I
G;ACMN]LCI >? 0CFPCI *;LNCHM 1?CR?CL; m oDOMNC@C=;

M? =IG I @;NI >? IM =LCG?M
GCFCN;L?M KO? M? >?MNCH;G Y >?@?M; >I -;_M # ;LN ? JI>?L?G M?L JIL
CHN?CLI =IG?NC>IM ?G IONLIM J;_M?M ? ;N] G?MGI ?G <?H?@_=CI >?MN?M KO?
H[I N?LC;G ;MMCG KO;FKO?L CHN?L?MM? H; JOHC\[I >? M?OM ;ONIL?M !;_ H[I
M?L ?HNL?AO? Y DOMNC\; ?MNL;HA?CL; I JLI=?MMI ? I DOFA;G?HNI >IM =LCG?M GCFCN
;L?Mp[194]

IG ?@?CNI I ?HPCI >? =IHNCHA?HN? J;L; ;M #IL\;M >? -;T >; ,LA;H
CT;\[I >;M +;\d?M 2HC>;M N?G MC>I =;>; P?T G;CM @L?KO?HN? I KO? ;OG?HN; ;
JLI<;<CFC>;>? >? I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?G N?M? JI>?L M?L ;JFC=;>I ; @;NI
JL;NC=;>I;F]G
@LIHN?CL;
CH>; KO? ?MM? =IHNCHA?HN? M?D; CHN?AL;HN? >? OG ILJI >? 1LIJ;
KO? PCM; ; ;F=;H\;L ; J;T m peaceenforcement m I ?G<;N? =IG ALOJIM >?
L?MCMN^H=C; Y NL;HMC\[I ] JIMM_P?F ? ;N] GOCNI JLIPXP?F +?MM?M =;MIM ?R
CMNCH>I @;NIM KO? M? =IH@CAOL?G =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M >?P? B;P?L ; J?LM?=O\[I

=LCGCH;F KO? HI L;MCF ?MNX ; =;LAI o>; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L @?>?L;F ;JFC=;>I I
!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?G N?GJI >? -;T M?H>I I aLA[I DO>C=CXLCI =IGJ?N?HN?
>? JLCG?CLI AL;O >? DOLCM>C\[I IM IHM?FBIM >? 'OMNC\; >; ; CL=OHM=LC\[I
'O>C=CXLC; *CFCN;L '* =IG M?>? ?G L;M_FC; m !#p[195] V H?=?MMXLCI

L?MM;FN;L KO? I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L ?@?NCPI CHN?AL;HN? >I =IHNCHA?HN? <L;MCF?CLI
?MNX MI< OG =IG;H>I =?HNL;F >I "R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI KO? ;N] G?MGI =IH>OT
;M?F?\[I>IMGCFCN;L?M>IM"MN;>IM
,ONL; MCNO;\[I =OLCIM; GOCNI <?G ;MMCH;F;>; JIL ;LFIM #L?>?LC=I
-?L?CL; =IHMCMN? H; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ; #IL\; >? -;T J;MM;L ; NIG;L J;LN? HI
=IH@FCNI M?G KO? B;D; ; @ILG;F >?=F;L;\[I >? AO?LL; >?P?H>I
M? JILN;HNI
;JFC=;L N;G<]G I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?G N?GJI >? J;T +?MM?M =;MIM CH
N?L?MM; ;MMCH;F;L M?L JIMM_P?F ; =IH@CAOL;\[I >? OG =LCG? >? AO?LL;

JI>?H>I
M? MOM=CN;L ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1LC<OH;F -?H;F &HN?LH;=CIH;F >I KO;F
NL;N;L?GIM HI JLaRCGI CN?G MOLACH>I >?MM;LN? OG J;L;>IR;F =IHN?RNI ?G
KO?B;P?LC;OG=LCG?>?AO?LL;M?G?RCMNCLAO?LL;>?=F;L;>;[196]
12.2.1. ,0!&0-,0&1&3,0!"0-& &"+!,0
#;T?GIM HIMM; ; CH>;A;\[I >? 'ILA? F<?LNI /IG?CLI o0? ; F?C

J?H;F GCFCN;L ] ;JFC=;>; @IL; >I N?LLCNaLCI H;=CIH;F ?G PCLNO>? >? B;P?L ;>IN
;>I =IGI L?AL; A?L;F I JLCH=_JCI >; ?RNL;N?LLCNILC;FC>;>? KO;F ; @CH;FC>;>?

>IM G;FMCH;>IM J;LXAL;@IM >CMJIH>I MI<L? N?LLCNaLCI H;=CIH;F JIL ?R
N?HM[Ip[197]

!? @;NI >?M=OC>IO
M? I F?ACMF;>IL J?H;F =;MNL?HM? ;I AL;@;L IM gg I
? I >I;LN I NIN;FG?HN?>?MJC=C?H>IM
"G L;T[I >; G?MG; @OH>;G?HN;\[I J;L?=?

HIM N;G<]G >?MH?
=?MMXLC; ; >?@CHC\[I J;L; @CHM >; ;JFC=;\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L HI ?M
J;\I >? N?LLCNaLCI H;=CIH;F PCMNI KO? ; ?F? H[I ?MNX =CL=OHM=LCN; ; HILG;
=;MNL?HM?
12.2.2. )2$/!, /&*"*&)&1/
!CMJd? I ;LN I >I -* o IHMC>?L;

M? JL;NC=;>I I @;NI HI FOA;L
?G KO? M? >?M?HPIFP?O ; ;NCPC>;>? =LCGCHIM; HI NI>I IO ?G J;LN? ? ;CH>;
KO? MI< @ILG; >? J;LNC=CJ;\[I <?G =IGI IH>? M? JLI>OTCO IO >?P?LC;
JLI>OTCL
M? I L?MOFN;>I +IM =LCG?M IGCMMCPIM I @;NI =IHMC>?L;
M? JL;NC=;>I
HIFOA;L?GKO?>?P?LC;L?;FCT;L
M?;;\[IIGCNC>;p
, a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;HN? ; JL?PCM[I ;=CG; ;>INIO N;G<]G ;

teoria da ubiquidade M?AOH>I ; KO;F M? =IHMC>?L; FI=;F >I =LCG? N;HNI I
FOA;L IH>? M? >?O ; ;\[I IO IGCMM[I =IGI I M_NCI ?G KO? I L?MOFN;>I I=ILL?O
IO>?P?LC;I=ILL?L
12.3. JFC=;\[I>;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L?GL?F;\[IYMJ?MMI;M
I NL;N;L >; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L ?G L?F;\[I YM J?MMI;M
>?P?
M? =?HNL;L ; ;HXFCM? H; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F ;IM =B?@?M >I -I>?L "R?=
ONCPI ?G M?OM NL^M H_P?CM ;IM >?N?HNIL?M >? =;LAI ?F?NCPI >I -I>?L )?ACMF;N
CPI N;G<]G HIM NL^M H_P?CM ? ;IM >CJFIG;N;M I KO? ?HPIFP? I ?MNO>I >;M
CGOHC>;>?M "G ;>C\[I N;G<]G ] =IHP?HC?HN? OG; <L?P? ?RJF;H;\[I ;=?L=;
>;M CGOHC>;>?M =IH@?LC>;M ;IM ;>PIA;>IM JI>?H>I B;P?L JIHNIM >? NIKO?
>?MM??MNO>I=IG;;JFC=;\[I>;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L
&HC=C?GIM JIL OG; ?RJF;H;\[I ;=?L=; >; CGOHC>;>? >CJFIGXNC=;
G;CMMCGJF?M;IHIMMIJLIJaMCNI
12.3.1. &*2+&!!"!&-),*u1&

imunidade diplomtica ?H=IHNL; M?O H;M=?>IOLI HI ;LN >;

IHP?H\[I >? 3C?H; ;MMCH;>; ?G >? ;<LCF >? ;JLIP;>; J?FI !?=L?NI
)?ACMF;NCPI H >? ? L;NC@C=;>; J?FI L;MCF ?G >? @?P?L?CLI >?

0?AOH>I I G;ACMN]LCI >? *CL;<?N?[198] ; imunidade diplomtica

M? ;JFC=; ?G KO;FKO?L >?FCNI ;IM ;A?HN?M >CJFIGXNC=IM =IGJL??H>C>IM
>?HNL? ?F?M IM ?G<;CR;>IL?M M?=L?NXLCIM >; ?G<;CR;>; ? I J?MMI;F N]=HC=I ?
;>GCHCMNL;NCPI >;M L?JL?M?HN;\d?M ?MN?H>?H>I
M? ;CH>; ;IM =IGJIH?HN?M >;
@;G_FC; >?F?M ? ;IM @OH=CIHXLCIM >;M ILA;HCT;\d?M CHN?LH;=CIH;CM ,+2 ,"
?N=KO;H>I?GM?LPC\I
*;CM ;>C;HN? JLIMM?AO? I M;O>IMI *?MNL? >; =;>?GC; >? -IF_=C;

*CFCN;L >I ;LLI L;H=I ?HMCH;H>I KO? ?MM; CGOHC>;>? ;F=;H\; ;CH>; I
B?@? >? "MN;>I ?MNL;HA?CLI ?G PCMCN; ;I -;_M ? MO; =IGCNCP; ? N;G<]G
MIG?HN? J?FIM ;NIM L?;FCT;>IM HI >?M?GJ?HBI >;M @OH\d?M =IHMOF;L?M IM
=bHMOF?M ? ;A?HN?M ;>GCHCMNL;NCPIM L?JL?M?HN;HN?M >? CHN?L?MM?M >? J?MMI;
H;NOL;FIODOL_>C=;?MNL;HA?CL;
CGOHC>;>? >CJFIGXNC=; JI>? M?L L?HOH=C;>; G;M N;F @;=OF>;>? ]
=IH@?LC>;;J?H;M;I"MN;>I=L?>CN;HN? H[I;IM?O;A?HN?[199]
!?P?
M? L?MM;FN;L KO? ; ?G<;CR;>; m ?HN?H>;
M? ?MJ;\I @_MC=I m ]
CHPCIFXP?F "MM; CHPCIF;<CFC>;>? ?HNL?N;HNI H[I >?=ILL? >I ?HN?H>CG?HNI >?
M?L ?F; ?RN?HM[I >I N?LLCNaLCI ?MNL;HA?CLI G;M MCG ?G @OH\[I >; JLaJLC;
A;L;HNC; >? M?OM ;A?HN?M >CJFIGXNC=IM NO>I CMMI =IG ;GJ;LI H; =CN;>;
IHP?H\[I
-IL >?LL;>?CLI HI ;NO;F ?MNXACI >? ?PIFO\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =;G
CHB;H>I =IGI P?L?GIM J;L; OG; DOMNC\; J?H;F CHN?LH;=CIH;F HIM =LCG?M
KO? ;@?N?G IM !CL?CNIM %OG;HIM ; KO?MN[I >;M CGOHC>;>?M >CJFIGXNC=;M
N?G MC>I L?>CM=ONC>; "G IONLIM N?LGIM =IG ; =LC;\[I >? NLC<OH;CM J?H;CM
CHN?LH;=CIH;CM =IGI I KO? I=ILL?O =IG I ;>P?HNI >I "MN;NONI >? /IG; >?
BX OG; HIP; =IH=?J\[I HI M?HNC>I >? H?A;L ;M CGOHC>;>?M >CJFIGXN
C=;M ?GHIG?;N]>IJLCH=_JCI>;CAO;F>;>?

+?MM? M?HNC>I 3;F]LCI *;TTOIFC ;@CLG; KO? OG; >;M oJLCH=CJ;CM PCL
NO>?M >I "MN;NONI >? /IG; >? L?MC>? H; =IHM;AL;\[I >I JLCH=_JCI M?
AOH>I I KO;F ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F JIL ;NIM PCIF;>IL?M >I !CL?CNI &HN?L
H;=CIH;F >?P? L?=;CL MI<L? CH>CP_>OIM KO? IM J?LJ?NL;L;G >?CR;H>I >? N?L
?@?CNI ;M ?P?HNO;CM CGOHC>;>?M ? JLCPCF]ACIM IO G?MGI ; JIMC\[I IO IM =;LAIM
KO? IM G?MGIM JILP?HNOL; IMN?HN?Gp[200] *;CM ;>C;HN? =IHM;AL;H>I I
JLCH=_JCI >; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? I L?HIG;>I ;ONIL ;LL?G;N; >CT?H>I KO? o;M
CGOHC>;>?M IO JLCPCF]ACIM ?MJ?=C;CM KO? JIMM;G M?L =IH=?>C>IM ;IM CH>CP_>O
IM ?G @OH\[I >; MO; =IH>C\[I =IGI I=OJ;HN?M >? =;LAIM IO @OH\d?M ?MN;N;CM
M?D; M?AOH>I I M?O >CL?CNI CHN?LHI M?D; M?AOH>I I !CL?CNI &HN?LH;=CIH;F H[I
=IHMNCNO?G GINCPIM KO? CGJ?\;G I 1LC<OH;F >? ?R?L=?L ; MO; DOLCM>C\[I ?G
L?F;\[I ; N;CM ;MMOHNIM , "MN;NONI ?FC>? KO;FKO?L JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? CHPI=;\[I
>; CGOHC>;>? >? DOLCM>C\[I JIL J;LN? >;KO?F?M KO? =IG?N?L;G A?HI=_>CI
=LCG?M =IHNL; ; BOG;HC>;>? =LCG?M >? AO?LL; IO >? ;AL?MM[I MMCG >?
;=IL>I =IG ?MM; HIP; MCMN?GXNC=; H[I JI>?G IM A?HI=C>;M ? IM L?MJIHMXP?CM
J?FIM JCIL?M =LCG?M =IG?NC>IM =IHNL; ; BOG;HC>;>? ;=I<?LN;L
M? J?F; JL?L
LIA;NCP; >? @ILI J?FI @;NI >? KO? ?R?L=C;G OG; @OH\[I Je<FC=; IO >? FC>?L
;H\;Y]JI=;>I>?FCNIp[201]
M CGOHC>;>?M >CJFIGXNC=;M ;KOC >?FCH?;>;M HIN?

M? ;F=;H\;G
N;G<]G I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L JI>?H>I
M? ;@CLG;L JIL ?R?GJFI KO? OG
!CJFIG;N; ;CH>; KO? JL;NCKO? OG >?FCNI =;JCNOF;>I HI -* ;NCHACH>I JIL
?R?GJFI ;M #IL\;M LG;>;M L;MCF?CL;M ?MN;LX CGOH? Y ;JFC=;\[I >I HIMMI
!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L "R=?\[I M?D; @?CN; KO;H>I ?MM? =LCG? =B?A;L Y =IG
J?N^H=C; >I 1LC<OH;F -?H;F &HN?LH;=CIH;F KO;H>I ;M CGOHC>;>?M M?L[I

;@;MN;>;M HI ?HN;HNI H?MM? =;MI =IGI P?L?GIM H[I ?MN;L?GIM ;JFC=;H>I ;
F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L G;M I "MN;NONI >? /IG; -ILN;HNI H[I M? NL;N;LX >? =LCG?
GCFCN;L G;M>?=LCG?=IHNL;IM!CL?CNIM%OG;HIM >?=IGJ?N^H=C;>I1-&
12.3.2. &*2+&!!"0-)& !0,0!"1"+1,/"0!"*+!1,0

")"1&3,0

M CGOHC>;>?M >IM >?N?HNIL?M >? =;LAIM ?F?NCPIM ?G L?AL; N^G

GIN? =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ? JIL ?MM; L;T[I >?P?G M?L L?MJ?CN;>;M N;G<]G HI
!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
IHP]G L?MM;FN;L KO? M?L[I ?F;M ;JFC=;>;M ;IM >?N?HNIL?M >? =;LAIM
?F?NCPIM M?D;G ?F?M =CPCM IO GCFCN;L?M CH;NCP;>IM ?G L;T[I >; ?F?C\[I H[I ;N
CHACH>I JIL IONLI F;>I IM =;H>C>;NIM ;IM =;LAIM ?F?NCPIM M CGOHC>;>?M ;N
CHA?GIMJ;LF;G?HN;L?M ?H[IIM=;H>C>;NIM;J;LF;G?HN;L?M
+[I ] JIMM_P?F JIL]G CHAL?MM;L HI N?LL?HI JLIJIMNI M?G KO? M?

@;\;G ;FAOG;M <L?P?M =IHMC>?L;\d?M MI<L? ; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F ?G L?
F;\[IYMJ?MMI;M CHC=C;H>IJ?F;CGOHC>;>?>IMJ;LF;G?HN;L?M
12.3.2.1. Noes introdutrias sobre as imunidades

parlamentares
CGOHC>;>? J;LF;G?HN;L ] ;KO?F; =IH@?LC>; ;IM G?G<LIM >I IH
AL?MMI +;=CIH;F GOCNI ?G<IL; N;G<]G L?@FCN; ?G =?LN; JLIJIL\[I ;IM J;L
F;G?HN;L?M?MN;>O;CM?GOHC=CJ;CM IKO?;<;CRIM?P?LX
IGI GOCNI <?G ;HIN; -?>LI )?HT; ?G MO; ?MM^H=C; N;CM oJL?L
LIA;NCP;M ;NLC<O_>;M ;IM J;LF;G?HN;L?M ?G L;T[I >; @OH\[I KO? ?R?L=?G

NL;>C=CIH;FG?HN? JL?PCMN;M ?G HIMM;M IHMNCNOC\d?M =IG ;FAOG;M ?R=?\d?M
HIM GIPCG?HNIM ;ONILCNXLCIM L?@IL\;G ; >?GI=L;=C; H; G?>C>; ?G KO? IM
J;LF;G?HN;L?M JI>?G FCPL?G?HN? ?RJL?MM;L MO;M IJCHCd?M J;F;PL;M ? PINIM
<?G =IGI ?MN;L A;L;HNC>IM =IHNL; JLCMd?M ;L<CNLXLC;M IO G?MGI LCP;FC>;>?M
JIF_NC=;Mp[202]
M CGOHC>;>?M J;LF;G?HN;L?M JILN;HNI M[I A;L;HNC;M =IHMNCNO=CIH
;CM ;I ?R?L=_=CI ;ONbHIGI ? FCPL? >; ;NCPC>;>? F?ACMF;NCP; ? JI>?G M?L >?
>O;M ?MJ]=C?M absoluta G;N?LC;F IO MO<MN;H=C;F ? relativa @ILG;F IO
JLI=?MMO;F
imunidade absoluta (material ou substancial) ou

inviolabilidade NL;>OT
M? J?F; ?R=FOM[I >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? JIL J;F;PL;M
PINIM ? IJCHCd?M ;LN caput >; # "MM; JL?LLIA;NCP; oCGJ?>? KO? I J;L
F;G?HN;L M?D; =IH>?H;>I H; G?>C>; ?G KO? BX ;GJF; >?M=;L;=N?LCT;\[I >I

NCJI J?H;F CLL?MJIHM;<CFCT;H>I

I J?H;F =CPCF JIF_NC=; ? ;>GCHCMNL;NCP;
>CM=CJFCH;LG?HN? 1L;N;
M? >? CLL?M
JIHM;<CFC>;>? A?L;F >?M>? KO? ] =F;LI
N?HB; I=ILLC>I I @;NI ?G L;T[I >I ?R?L=_=CI >I G;H>;NI ? >; @OH\[I J;LF;
G?HN;Lp[203]
, L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >?MM; CLL?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F ] J;=_@C=I =IH
MN;H>I CH=FOMCP? >? DOFA;>IM >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F "G<IL; L?@?L
?HN?M Y DX H[I G;CM PCA?HN? o)?C >? &GJL?HM;p NL;HM=L?P?GIM ;FAOHM KO?
?PC>?H=C;G?MM;JIMC\[I
oEmenta &HN?LJ?F;\[I DO>C=C;F -?>C>I >? ?RJFC=;\d?M )?C >? CG
JL?HM; ;LN ? =a>CAI J?H;F ;LN ,@?HM;M ?KO_PI=;M KO? N?LC;G =IH
MN;>I >? >CM=OLMI JLI@?LC>I >; NLC<OH; >I M?H;>I >; L?Je<FC=; &GOHC>;>?
J;LF;G?HN;L ?G M?HNC>I G;N?LC;F JLIN?\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >I >CM=OLMI J;L
F;G?HN;L G?MGI KO;H>I P?C=OF;>I JIMN?LCILG?HN? J?FIM G?CIM >? =IGO
HC=;\[I MI=C;F GJFCNO>? >; A;L;HNC; CHMNCNO=CIH;F >; CGOHC>;>? J;LF;G?HN
;L G;N?LC;F &GJIMMC<CFC>;>? >? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I m J?H;F ? =CPCF m >? G?G
<LI >I =IHAL?MMI H;=CIH;F qJIL KO;CMKO?L >? MO;M IJCHCd?M J;F;PL;M ? PINIMr
@ ;LN q=;JONr HIN;>;G?HN? KO;H>I JLI@?LC>IM >; 1LC<OH; >I -;LF;
G?HNI IHM?KO?HN? CH;>GCMMC<CFC>;>? ?G N;F =IHN?RNI >? CHN?LJ?F;\[I DO
>C=C;F >? 0?H;>IL >; /?Je<FC=; IO >? !?JON;>I #?>?L;F !IONLCH; -L?=?>
?HN?M -?>C>I >? ?RJFC=;\d?M ; KO? M? H?A; M?AOCG?HNIp -?NC\[I H

m!CMNLCNI#?>?L;F >?=CM[I>?

L?F*CH ?FMI>?*?FFI
oEmenta &HKO]LCNI \[I J?H;F JLCP;>; .O?CR;

=LCG? I@?L?=C>;
=IHNL; !?JON;>I #?>?L;F ? DILH;FCMN; -L?N?HM;M I@?HM;M JL;NC=;>;M J?FI
JLCG?CLI KO?L?F;>I ? JO<FC=;>;M J?F; M?AOH>; KO?L?F;>; ?G G;N]LC; DIL
H;F_MNC=; =LCG?M >? CHDeLC; ? >C@;G;\[I ;LNM ? >; F?C >? CGJL?HM;
M ;@CLG;\d?M NC>;M =IGI I@?HMCP;M J?FI .O?L?F;HN? @IL;G @?CN;M HI ?R?L=_=CI
>I G;H>;NI J;LF;G?HN;L JIL N?L I .O?L?F;>I M? G;HC@?MN;>I H; =IH>C\[I >?

!?JON;>I #?>?L;F ? >? -L?MC>?HN? >; ZG;L; H[I M?H>I JIMM_P?F >?MPCH=O
F;L ;KO?F;M ;@CLG;\d?M >I ?R?L=_=CI >; ;GJF; FC<?L>;>? >? ?RJL?MM[I N_JC=;
>; ;NCPC>;>? J;LF;G?HN;L ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I >; /?Je<FC=; , ;LN
>; IHMNCNOC\[I >; /?Je<FC=; >CMJd? KO? IM !?JON;>IM M[I CM?HNIM >? ?HKO;
>L;G?HNI J?H;F JIL MO;M IJCHCd?M J;F;PL;M ? PINIM IO M?D; N^G CGOHC>;>?

G;N?LC;F HI ?R?L=_=CI >; @OH\[I J;LF;G?HN;L OM^H=C; >? CH>_=CI >? animus difamandi IO injuriandi H[I M?H>I JIMM_P?F >?MPCH=OF;L ; =CN;>; JO<
FC=;\[I >I ?R?L=_=CI >; FC<?L>;>? >? ?RJL?MM[I JLaJLC; >; ;NCPC>;>? >? =IGO
HC=;\[I ;LN I CH= &5 >; IHMNCNOC\[I >; /?Je<FC=; +[I I=ILL^H=C;
>IM =LCG?M CGJON;>IM J?FI .O?L?F;HN? .O?CR;
=LCG? L?D?CN;>;p &HKO]LCNI H
m!CMNLCNI#?>?L;F >?=CM[I>I

L?F*CH XLG?G)e=C;
imunidade formal ou processual JIL MO; P?T ] ;@?N; Y
JLCM[I ? ;I JLI=?MMI >?M?H=;>?;>I J?F; JLXNC=; >I @;NI P;F?H>I >CT?L KO? I
>?FCNI @IC J?LJ?NL;>I =IHNO>I ; L?MNLC\[I >? FC<?L>;>? ? I >?M?H=;>?;G?HNI
>I JLI=?MMI >?J?H>?L[I >? ;FAOG;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M JL?PCMN;M ?RJL?MM;G?HN?
H;)?C*;CIL
CGOHC>;>? @ILG;F referente priso ?MNX JL?PCMN; HI g I >I

;LN >; # KO? in verbis >CMJd? KO? o>?M>? ; ?RJ?>C\[I >I >CJFIG; IM
G?G<LIM >I IHAL?MMI +;=CIH;F H[I JI>?L[I M?L JL?MIM M;FPI ?G @F;AL;HN?
>? =LCG? CH;@C;H\XP?F +?MM? =;MI IM ;ONIM M?L[I L?G?NC>IM >?HNLI >? PCHN? ?
KO;NLI BIL;M Y ;M; L?MJ?=NCP; J;L; KO? J?FI PINI >; G;CILC; >? M?OM G?G
<LIM L?MIFP;MI<L?;JLCM[Ip
&H@?L?
M? JILN;HNI KO? ; eHC=; BCJaN?M? ?G KO? I J;LF;G?HN;L
JI>?LX M?L JL?MI ;JaM ; >CJFIG;\[I M?LX ?G @F;AL;HN? >? =LCG?
CH;@C;H\XP?F m F?G<L;H>I
M? ?G M?>? CHC=C;F KO? NI>IM IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M
M[I CH;@C;H\XP?CM m ?R=FOCH>I
M? IM >?G;CM =;MIM JLCM[I JL?P?HNCP; N?G
JILXLC; JLCM[I=CPCF?N=
*?MGI HIM =;MIM ?G KO? M? ;>GCN? ; JLCM[I HI ?HN;HNI ; ;M; >I

J;LF;G?HN;L JL?MI ZG;L; >IM !?JON;>IM IO 0?H;>I #?>?L;F >?=C>CLX
sobre a manuteno da priso JILG;CILC;;<MIFON;
+I KO? N;HA? Y CGOHC>;>? @ILG;F referente ao processo ; M?L CH
MN;OL;>I =IHNL; I =IHAL?MMCMN; H[I ?RCMN? G;CM I =IHNLIF? JL]PCI >; ;M; L?
MJ?=NCP; G;M JIMN?LCIL DX L?=?<C>; ; >?HeH=C; J?FI 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F

#?>?L;F =IH@ILG?M?P?LC@C=;HIMgg I I I ? I >I;LN>; #

!; ;HXFCM? >IM >CMJIMCNCPIM ;JIHN;>IM N;G<]G M? ?RNL;?G IONL;M

JL?LLIA;NCP;M KO?J;MM;L?GIM;OG;MO=CHN;;HXFCM?
&HC=C;GIM J?F; JL?LLIA;NCP; >? @ILI OG; P?T KO? I g I >I ;LN
>CMJd? KO? IM o!?JON;>IM ? 0?H;>IL?M >?M>? ; ?RJ?>C\[I >I >CJFIG; M?L[I
MO<G?NC>IM ; DOFA;G?HNI J?L;HN? I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;Fp. %X =IGI M?
J?L=?<? ; =IGJ?N^H=C; ILCACHXLC; >I 01# J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L IM J;LF;
G?HN;L?M@?>?L;CM CMMI>?M>?;>CJFIG;\[I
"MM? JLI=?MMI J?F; H[I G;CM PCA^H=C; >I =IHNLIF? JL]PCI >; ;M;
)?ACMF;NCP; @LONI >? CHIP;\[I NL;TC>; J?F; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H
>?J?H>? >I L?=?<CG?HNI >; >?HeH=C; J?FI 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F
/?=?<C>; ; >?HeH=C; JIL =LCG? I=ILLC>I ;JaM ; >CJFIG;\[I I 0OJL?GI

1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F >;LX =C^H=C; Y ;M; L?MJ?=NCP; KO? JIL CHC=C;NCP; >?
J;LNC>I JIF_NC=I H?F; L?JL?M?HN;>I ? J?FI PINI >; G;CILC; >? M?OM G?G<LIM
JI>?LX ;N] ; >?=CM[I @CH;F MOMN;L I ;H>;G?HNI >; ;\[I ;LN g I >;
#. JaM I L?=?<CG?HNI J?F; *?M; !CL?NIL; >; L?MJ?=NCP; ;M; >I J?>C>I
>? MOMN;\[I >I JLI=?MMI @ILGOF;>I JIL J;LNC>I JIF_NC=I =IG L?JL?M?HN;\[I
>?P?LXB;P?L>?FC<?L;\[I?GKO;L?HN;?=CH=I>C;M;LN g I >; #
#LCM?
M? KO? ; MOMN;\[I >I JLI=?MMI somente poder ocorrer
nos casos em que o delito seja praticado aps a diplomao +I
=;MI >IM >?G;CM =LCG?M J?LG;H?=?LX ; JL?LLIA;NCP; >? @ILI JIL]G H[I
B;P?LXJIMMC<CFC>;>?>?; ;M;L?MJ?=NCP;MOMN;LI;H>;G?HNI>;;\[I
!?P?
M? =IHMCAH;L ;>?G;CM KO? H; BCJaN?M? >? MOMN;\[I >I JLI
=?MMI HIM N?LGIM ;=CG; ?RJL?MMIM B;P?LX N;G<]G ; MOMJ?HM[I >; JL?
M=LC\[I ?HKO;HNI >OL;L I G;H>;NI ;LN g I >; # M?H>I JIMM_P?F
;@CLG;L KO? M? =IH@CAOL; ?G G;CM OG; =CL=OHMNZH=C; >? suspenso do
prazo prescricional ;F]G >;KO?F;M ?HOG?L;>;M HI ;LN >I -[204] ?

HI;LN g I >I -*[205]
M CGOHC>;>?M M[I CLL?HOH=CXP?CM G;M JI>?L[I M?L MOMJ?HM;M

J?F;M ;M;M L?MJ?=NCP;M >OL;HN? I ?MN;>I >? M_NCI J?FI PINI >? >ICM N?L\IM >;
L?MJ?=NCP; ;M; ?G ;NIM JL;NC=;>IM @IL; >I IHAL?MMI ? CH=IGJ;N_P?CM =IG ;
?R?=O\[I>;G?>C>;;LN g I >; #

!CM=OMM[I CHN?L?MM;HN? L?@?L?

M? Y perpetuatio jurisdictionis IO
M?D; ;J?LJ?NO;\[I>;JL?LLIA;NCP;>?@ILI;JaMIN]LGCHI>IG;H>;NI
%;PC; ?HN?H>CG?HNI >I 01# ?PC>?H=C;>I J?F; 0eGOF; >? KO?
I @ILI JLCPCF?AC;>I M? J?LJ?NO;P; ;JaM I N]LGCHI >I G;H>;NI !CN; 0eGOF;
NI>;PC; @IC =;H=?F;>; GO>;H>I
M? I ?HN?H>CG?HNI ;N] KO? ; )?C H
>? >? >?T?G<LI >? ;FN?LIO I ;LN >I a>CAI >? -LI=?MMI -?H;F
L?NIG;H>I ?MM; JL?LLIA;NCP; ; ?R

J;LF;G?HN;L?M 1;F F?C HI ?HN;HNI @IC I<
D?NI >? >O;M \d?M !CL?N;M >? &H=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? !& CGJ?NL;>;
?G

J?F; MMI=C;\[I +;=CIH;F >IM *?G<LIM >I *CHCMN]LCI
-e<FC=I ? !& CGJ?NL;>; ?G

J?F; MMI=C;\[I >IM *;ACM
NL;>IM L;MCF?CLIM L?=IHB?=?H>I

M? ; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >; J?LJ?NO;\[I
>? @ILI JLCPCF?AC;>I ; ?R
J;LF;G?HN;L?M =IH@ILG? >?=CM[I F;PL;>; ?G >?
M?N?G<LI >? L?@?L?HN? Y !& N?H>I JIL L?F;NIL I *CH 0?JeFP?>;
-?LN?H=? IH=FOCH>I ; JL?LLIA;NCP; >? @ILI H[I >OL; ;F]G >I G;H>;>I >I
J;LF;G?HN;L
+I KO? N;HA? ;IM Deputados Estaduais e Distritais =IH@ILG?
I >CMJIMNI HI g I >I ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F ;JFC=;G

M? ; ?F?M ;M L?
AL;M =IHMNCNO=CIH;CM ;@?N;M Y CHPCIF;<CFC>;>? ? Y CGOHC>;>? J;L; IM J;LF;
G?HN;L?M@?>?L;CM
"HN?H>C;
M? =IGI ;CH>; M? ?H=IHNL; ?G ;FAOG;M >IONLCH;M KO? ?M
M;M JL?LLIA;NCP;M MIG?HN? M? IJOHB;G J?L;HN? I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI >IM "MN;
>IM[206] CMMI ?G L;T[I >? JIMC=CIH;G?HNI DX MOGOF;>I J?FI 0OJL?GI

1LC<OH;F#?>?L;F0eGOF; >?

MMCG ? A OG !?JON;>I "MN;>O;F MOLJL??H>C>I H; JLXNC=; >?

=LCG? ?F?CNIL;F =OD; =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI ] >; 'OMNC\; "F?CNIL;F =IG
JIH?HN? >I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI #?>?L;F JI>?LC; M?L ;ONO;>I ? JLI=?MM;>I HIL
G;FG?HN? J?F; 'OMNC\; ?G KO?MN[I -IL IONLI F;>I HI =;MI >? =LCG? >? =IG
J?N^H=C; >I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI "MN;>O;F MIG?HN? JI>?LC; M?L JL?MI ?G =;MI >?
=LCG? CH;@C;H\XP?F ? HOH=; ?G =LCG?M >? J;F;PL; L?F;=CIH;>IM ;I ?R?L=_=CI
>IG;H>;NI

, JIMC=CIH;G?HNI M?>CG?HN;>I H; 0eGOF; HI ?HN;HNI MI@L?O ;F
N?L;\[I =B?A;H>I I -L?NaLCI "R=?FMI ; L?=IHB?=?L OH;HCG?G?HN? MO; MO
J?L;\[I ?G @;=? >;M L?AL;M NL;TC>;M J?F; o IHMNCNOC\[I C>;>[p ?HN?H>?H>I
M? ; J;LNCL >? ?HN[I KO? ;M CGOHC>;>?M ;<L;HA?LC;G NI>IM IM >?FCNIM M?D;G

?F?M >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI @?>?L;F IO >I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI ?M
N;>O;F -IL NI>IM vide I /?=OLMI "RNL;IL>CHXLCI H

m !CMNLCNI
#?>?L;F ;MMCG=IH>?HM;>I
oEmenta -;LF;G?HN;L >CMNLCN;F CGOHC>;>? @ILG;F # ;LN g

I == IM ;LNM g I ? g I CH=C>^H=C; IG I ;>P?HNI >; IHMNCNO
C\[I >? ;LN g I KO? NILHIO ;JFC=XP?CM M?G L?MNLC\d?M ;IM G?G
<LIM >;M MM?G<F?C;M )?ACMF;NCP;M >IM "MN;>IM ? >I !CMNLCNI #?>?L;F ;M HIL
G;M MI<L? CGOHC>;>?M J;LF;G?HN;L?M >IM CHN?AL;HN?M >I IHAL?MMI +;=CIH
;F @C=IO MOJ?L;>; ; N?M? >; 0eGOF; 01# q CGOHC>;>? =IH=?>C>; ;

!?JON;>IM "MN;>O;CM ] L?MNLCN; Y 'OMNC\; >I "MN;>Ir KO? N?G JIL MOJILN?
H?=?MMXLCI KO? I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI ;IM >?JON;>IM ?MN;>O;CM >;M CGOHC>;>?M
>IM =IHAL?MMCMN;M H[I >?LCP;P; H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F
G;M >?=ILL?LC; >? >?=CM[I ;ONbHIG; >I =IHMNCNOCHN? FI=;Fp /" H

m!CMNLCNI#?>?L;F >?=CM[I>?

L?F*CH0?JeFP?>;-?LN?H=?
IH=FOCH>I ?G PCM[I BI>C?LH; ;JFC=;G

M? ;IM !?JON;>IM "MN;>O;CM
? !CMNLCN;CM NI>;M ;M CGOHC>;>?M =IH@?LC>;M ;IM J;LF;G?HN;L?M @?>?L;CM
AO;L>;H>I
M? I<PC;G?HN? =?LNI J;L;F?FCMGI IO M?D; I J;LF;G?HN;L M?LX
JLI=?MM;>I J?L;HN? I Tribunal de Justia do Estado JI>?H>I ;
Assembleia Legislativa >?=C>CL MI<L? ; MOMN;\[I >I JLI=?MMI =IG ; =IL
L?MJIH>?HN?MOMJ?HM[I>IJL;TIJL?M=LC=CIH;F[207]
-IL @CG HI =;MI >IM Vereadores ; IHMNCNOC\[I ;J?H;M FB?M =IH
@?LCO CGOHC>;>? ;<MIFON; HIM =LCG?M >? IJCHC[I FCGCN;H>I

M? ?MM; CGOHC>
;>? Y =CL=OHM=LC\[I >I GOHC=_JCI >I G;H>;NI ex vi >I ;LN 3&&& >; )?C
*;CIL
"MM;M @IL;G ;M JL?GCMM;M F;H\;>;M ;=?L=; >; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F
N;G<]G ; GCFCN;L ?G L?F;\[I ;IM >?N?HNIL?M >? G;H>;NIM >I -I>?L

)?ACMF;NCPI 3?D;GIM ;AIL; =IGI M? =IGJILN; I N?G; ?G L?F;\[I ;IM >?
N?HNIL?M>?G;H>;NIM?F?NCPIM>I-I>?L"R?=ONCPI
12.3.2.2. Noes fundamentais acerca da aplicao da lei penal em
relao aos detentores de mandato eletivo no Poder
Executivo
IGI <?G M? M;<? IM =;LAIM ?F?NCPIM H[I M? L?MNLCHA?G ;IM G?G
<LIM >I -I>?L )?ACMF;NCPI G;M L?@?L?G

M? N;G<]G ;IM B?@?M >I -I>?L "R
?=ONCPI H;M NL^M ?M@?L;M @?>?L;F ?MN;>O;F ? GOHC=CJ;F >IH>? MOLA? ; H?
=?MMC>;>?>??MNO>;L=IGIM?;JFC=;;F?CJ?H;F?GL?F;\[I;?MM;MJ?MMI;M
CHC=C;L J?FI o*;H>;NXLCI *;CIL >; +;\[Ip I -L?MC>?HN? >;

/?Je<FC=; >?M@LON; >;KOCFI KO? M? CHNCNOF; imunidade presidencial IO irresponsabilidade penal relativa 0I<L? ?F; =IG GOCN; JLIJLC?>;>? >CM
=ILL? F?R;H>L? >? *IL;?M ;I >CT?L KO? o>C@?L?HN?G?HN? >I JLCH=_JCI >; ;<
MIFON; CLL?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? CH?L?HN? ;I =;LXN?L PCN;F_=CI >I =;LAI L?;F The

King can do no wrong ; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F JL?P^ L?AL;M ?MJ?=C;CM >? L?
MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >I -L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; N;HNI JIL CH@L;\d?M JIF_NC=I

;>
GCHCMNL;NCP;MKO;HNIJILCH@L;\d?MJ?H;CMp[208]
+I KO? M? L?@?L? Y L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F >I -L?MC>?HN? >;
/?Je<FC=; >?P?GIM JLCG?CLI =CH>CL ?G >O;M JIMMC<CFC>;>?M >? J?LJ?NL;\[I
>? ;NIM ?HN?H>C>IM =IGI >?FCNOIMIM CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM ?MNL;HB;M ;I ?R?L=_=CI
>I =;LAI ;CH>; KO? HI J?L_I>I ?G KO? >?N?HB; I G;H>;NI CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM
JL;NC=;>;M?GL;T[I>I=;LAI
+I JLCG?CLI =;MI IO M?D; H;M CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM JL;NC=;>;M ?G ;NI

?MNL;HBI ;I =;LAI M?D;G ?F;M J?LJ?NL;>;M ;HN?M IO >OL;HN? I G;H>;NI I
-L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; H[I MI@L?LX L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J?H;F >? KO;FKO?L IL
>?G =IH@ILG? I >CMJIMNI HI g I >I ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F o,

-L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; H; PCA^H=C; >? M?O G;H>;NI H[I JI>? M?L L?
MJIHM;<CFCT;>IJIL;NIM?MNL;HBIM;I?R?L=_=CI>?MO;M@OH\d?Mp
oMMCGp =IH=FOC -?>LI )?HT; o;M CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM JL;NC=;>;M ;HN?M

>I CH_=CI >I G;H>;NI IO >OL;HN? MO; PCA^H=C; JIL]G M?G KO;FKO?L L?F;\[I

=IG ; @OH\[I JL?MC>?H=C;F IO M?D; H[I JL;NC=;>;M in officio IO propter officium H[I JI>?L[I M?L I<D?NI >; persecutio criminis KO? @C=;LX JLIPCMILC;
G?HN? CHC<C>; ;=;LL?N;H>I FIAC=;G?HN? ; MOMJ?HM[I >I =OLMI >; JL?
M=LC\[Ip[209].
"G IONLI JIFI N?GIM ;M CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM JL;NC=;>;M J?FI -L?MC>
?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; L?F;=CIH;>;M =IG I ?R?L=_=CI >I =;LAI B;P?H>I KO? =IH
MC>?L;L J;L; M?O ?MNO>I OG; MO<>CPCM[I ; M;<?L ;M CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM >? L?
MJIHM;<CFC>;>??;MCH@L;\d?MJ?H;CM=IGOHM
0[I crimes de responsabilidade >?HNL? ;M PXLC;M >?@CHC\d?M ?R
CMN?HN?M ;M oCH@L;\d?M JIF_NC=I

;>GCHCMNL;NCP;M >?@CHC>;M H; F?ACMF;\[I @?>?L
;F =IG?NC>;M HI >?M?GJ?HBI >; @OH\[I KO? ;N?HN;G =IHNL; ; ?RCMN^H=C; >;

2HC[I I FCPL? ?R?L=_=CI >IM -I>?L?M >I "MN;>I ; M?AOL;H\; CHN?LH; >I -;_M ;
JLI<C>;>? >; >GCHCMNL;\[I ; F?C IL\;G?HNXLC; I ?R?L=_=CI >IM >CL?CNIM
JIF_NC=IM CH>CPC>O;CM ? MI=C;CM ? I =OGJLCG?HNI >;M F?CM ? >;M >?=CMd?M DO>C=C
;CMp[210] "MM? LIF G?L;G?HN? ?R?GJFC@C=;NCPI =IHMN; >I ;LN >; )?C
*;CIL KO? ?RCA? JIL M?O J;LXAL;@I eHC=I KO? F?C ?MJ?=C;F M?D; ?>CN;>; J;L;
MO; NCJC@C=;\[I ? J;L; ;M L?AL;M >? JLI=?MMI ? DOFA;G?HNI +[I @IC ?>CN;>;
HIP; F?C ; >?@CHCL IM J;LZG?NLIM >; ;NO;F IHMNCNOC\[I B;P?H>I ?G @;=?
>?MM; L?;FC>;>? ; L?=?J\[I ?G AL;H>? J;LN? >; )?C H >? >? ;<LCF >?
DX GI>C@C=;>; ?G ;FAOHM >CMJIMCNCPIM J?F; )?C H >? >? ION
O<LI>?
+I KO? =IH=?LH? ;I JLI=?>CG?HNI >I DOFA;G?HNI >I -L?MC>?HN? >;
/?Je<FC=; JIL ?MM?M =LCG?M JI>?GIM ;MM?HN;L KO? ] ?F? <C@XMC=I B;P?H>I
OGDO_TI>?;>GCMMC<CFC>;>??IDOFA;G?HNI?@?NCPI>I>?FCNI
;>GCMM[I >; ;=OM;\[I ] >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >; ZG;L; >IM !?JON;
>IM KO? I @;LX JIL G;CILC; >? >ICM N?L\IM >? M?OM G?G<LIM ;LN >; #
3?H=C>; ?MM; @;M? M?LX =IGJ?N?HN? J;L; I DOFA;G?HNI I 0?H;>I #?>?L;F ;LN
& >; # JL?MC>CH>I ; M?MM[I >? DOFA;G?HNI I -L?MC>?HN? >I 0OJL?GI
1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN >; # FCGCN;H>I
M? ; =IH
>?H;\[I KO? MIG?HN? M?LX JLI@?LC>; JIL >ICM N?L\IM >IM PINIM >I 0?H;>I
#?>?L;F Y J?L>; >I =;LAI =IG CH;<CFCN;\[I JIL ICNI ;HIM J;L; I ?R?L=_=CI >?

@OH\[I Je<FC=; M?G JL?DO_TI >;M >?G;CM M;H\d?M DO>C=C;CM =;<_P?CM J;LX
AL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN >; # @C=;H>I MOMJ?HMI >? MO;M @OH\d?M ;JaM ; CH
MN;OL;\[I >I JLI=?MMI J?FI 0?H;>I #?>?L;F ;LN g I && >; # "MM;
MOMJ?HM[I >OL;LX JIL HI GXRCGI =?HNI ? ICN?HN; >C;M ;JaM I KO? I -L?MC>
?HN? L?;MMOGCLX MO;M @OH\d?M =IG I JLI=?MMI ?G =OLMI ;LN g I >;

#
'X HIM crimes comuns L?F;=CIH;>IM =IG I ?R?L=_=CI >I =;LAI
B;P?LXIONL;=IH@ILG;\[I
-LCG?CLI >?P?
M? ?HN?H>?L KO? ; o?RJL?MM[I q=LCG? =IGOGr =IH
@ILG? JIMC=CIH;G?HNI >I 01# ;<L;HA? qNI>;M ;M GI>;FC>;>?M >? CH@L;\d?M
J?H;CM ?MN?H>?H>I
M? ;IM >?FCNIM ?F?CNIL;CM ;F=;H\;H>I ;N] G?MGI IM =LCG?M
=IHNL; ; PC>; ? ;M JLaJLC;M =IHNL;P?H\d?M J?H;CMp[211] ,<PC;G?HN? H?MM?
=IH=?CNI ?MN;LX ;<;L=;>I N;G<]G I =LCG? GCFCN;L OG; P?T KO? ; ?RJL?MM[I
?G L?F?PI ?G<IL; @I=;>; HI <?G DOL_>C=I NON?F;>I ;J?H;M MOLA? >; =IHNL;
JIMC\[I >?MM?M =LCG?M YKO?F;M CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM =F;MMC@C=;>;M =IGI =LCG?M >?
L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?
+?MM;M CH@L;\d?M ; ?R?GJFI >;M ;HN?LCIL?M N;G<]G >?P? B;P?L ;

;>GCMM[I >; ;=OM;\[I J?F; ZG;L; >IM !?JON;>IM JIL G;CILC; >? >ICM N?L
\IM ;LN >; # M?H>I =IHNO>I =IGJ?N?HN? J;L; I DOFA;G?HNI I 0O
JL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F ;LN & b, >; # @C=;H>I I -L?MC>?HN? MOMJ?HMI

>? MO;M @OH\d?M ;MMCG KO? I 0OJL?GI L?=?<?L ; >?HeH=C; IO ; KO?CR;
=LCG?
;LN g I & >; # 1;F MOMJ?HM[I >OL;LX JIL HI GXRCGI =?HNI ? ICN?HN;
>C;M ;JaM I KO? I -L?MC>?HN? L?;MMOGCLX MO;M @OH\d?M =IG I JLI=?MMI ?G
=OLMI ;LN g I >; # IH>?H;>I ;F]G >;M J?H;M =IGCH;>;M ;I >?
FCNI JIL PC; L?@F?R; I -L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; N;G<]G J?L>?LX I =;LAI ?G
L;T[I >; =IH>?H;\[I >?@CHCNCP; JIL @IL\; >; MOMJ?HM[I >? >CL?CNIM JIF_NC=IM
?HKO;HNI>OL;L?GIM?@?CNIM>;=IH>?H;\[I;LN &&& >; #
+I KO? =IH=?LH? Y JLCM[I JIL @CG ?HKO;HNI H[I MI<L?PC?L M?HN?H\;

=IH>?H;NaLC; I -L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; H[I ?MN;LX MOD?CNI ; ?F; ;LN g
I >; # "MM; JL?PCM[I I<PC;G?HN? ;JFC=;
M? MIG?HN? YM CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM
=IGOHM L?F;=CIH;>;M ;I ?R?L=_=CI >I =;LAI DX KO? HIM =LCG?M >?

L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? H[I BX ; JLCP;\[I >? FC<?L>;>? =IGI =IHM?KO^H=C; >; =IH
>?H;\[I ? H;M CH@L;\d?M ?MNL;HB;M ;I ?R?L=_=CI >I =;LAI H[I BX L?MJIHM;<CF
CT;\[I>I-L?MC>?HN?>;/?Je<FC=;
-;MM;H>I Y ;HXFCM? >IM $IP?LH;>IL?M >IM "MN;>IM ? >I !CMNLCNI
#?>?L;F JLCG?CLI >?P?
M? ;MM?HN;L KO? H[I BX J;L; ?F?M ; JL?PCM[I >? OG;
=FXOMOF; >? CLL?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? L?F;NCP; IO M?D; M[I ?F?M J;MM_P?CM >? L?
MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I JIL NI>;M ;M CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM KO? JL;NC=;L?G N?HB;G IO

H[IFCA;\[I=IGI?R?L=_=CI>I=;LAI
1;G<]G H[I M? ;JFC=; ;IM B?@?M >I -I>?L "R?=ONCPI >IM "MN;>IM ?
>I !CMNLCNI #?>?L;F ; L?MNLC\[I Y JLCM[I >CP?LM;G?HN? JILN;HNI >I KO?
I=ILL?=IGI-L?MC>?HN?>;/?Je<FC=;
!?MM; @ILG; JI>?

M? >CT?L KO? ;M L?MNLC\d?M ;@?N;M ;IM $IP?L
H;>IL?M >CT?G L?MJ?CNI ;J?H;M Y ;>GCMMC<CFC>;>? >; ;=OM;\[I ? Y JL?LLIA;N
CP;>?@ILI B;P?H>I;=CM[I?HNL?=LCG?M=IGOHM?>?L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?
IH@ILG? I >CMJIMNI HI ;LN & a >; # =IGJ?N? ;I 0OJ?LCIL

1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L ILCACH;LC;G?HN? HIM =LCG?M =IGOHM
IM $IP?LH;>IL?M >IM "MN;>IM ? >I !CMNLCNI #?>?L;F j =IH=?J\[I >; ?R
JL?MM[I o=LCG?M =IGOHMp KO;F ; =IHMNLO_GIM J;L; I -L?MC>?HN? >;

/?Je<FC=; =B?A;
M? JIL IJIMC\[I ;IM =LCG?M >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? CH=FOCH>I
M? I<PC;G?HN?IM=LCG?MGCFCN;L?M
'X HI KO? L?MJ?CN; ;IM =LCG?M >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? =OD; NCJC@C=;\[I

J;L; IM $IP?LH;>IL?M JIL IL; N;G<]G M? ?H=IHNL; <;M?;>; H; )?C H
>? >? ;<LCF >? =IH@ILG? M?O ;LN ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI
>?J?H>?LX>?JL?PCM[IH; IHMNCNOC\[I"MN;>O;F
1IG;H>I JIL ?R?GJFI ; IHMNCNOC\[I J;OFCMN; ; L?AL; P?G >CM=CJ
FCH;>;HIM?O;LN H;M?AOCHN?=IH@ILGC>;>?
oLNCAI >GCNC>; ; ;=OM;\[I =IHNL; I $IP?LH;>IL JIL >ICM N?L
\IM >; MM?G<F?C; )?ACMF;NCP; M?LX ?F? MO<G?NC>I ; DOFA;G?HNI J?L;HN? I 0O
J?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; H;M CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM =IGOHM IO HIM =LCG?M >?
L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?L;HN?1LC<OH;F"MJ?=C;F

g , 1LC<OH;F "MJ?=C;F ; KO? M? L?@?L? ?MN? ;LNCAI M?LX =IHMNCNO_>I

JIL M?N? !?JON;>IM ? M?N? !?M?G<;LA;>IL?M MILN?;>IM J?FI -L?MC>?HN? >I
1LC<OH;F>?'OMNC\; KO?N;G<]GIJL?MC>CLXp
I
L?AL; ;=CG; HI ?HN;HNI H[I JIMMOC ?HN?H>CG?HNI OH_MMIHI H;

=IGJL??HM[I >IM =LCG?M >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? M?H>I CH=FOMCP? I<D?NI >? \[I
!CL?N; >? &H=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? J?L;HN? I 01# !& ;CH>; ?G =OLMI

JIL]G =IG >?@?LCG?HNI >? FCGCH;L HI M?HNC>I >? MOMJ?H>?L ; ?@C=X=C; >I >CM
JIMCNCPI HIMM?AOCHN?MN?LGIM
o-IL G;CILC; P?H=C>I I -L?MC>?HN? *CHCMNLI *;L=I OL]FCI I

1LC<OH;F >?@?LCO ; =;ON?F;L J;L; MOMJ?H>?L ; ?@C=X=C; >; ?RJL?MM[I qIO >I
$IP?LH;>ILr =IHMN;HN? >I CN?G >I g I >I ;LNCAI >; IHMNCNOC\[I >I
"MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI " JIL OH;HCGC>;>? I 1LC<OH;F N;G<]G >?@?LCO ;
=;ON?F;L J;L; MOMJ?H>?L ; ?@C=X=C; >I ;LNCAI ? >I M?O J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >;
?RJL?MM[I qIO HIM =LCG?M >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?L;HN? 1LC<OH;F "MJ?=C;Fr
=IHNC>; HI caput >I ;LNCAI >IM gg I ? I >I =CN;>I ;LNCAI ? HI g
I >I M?O CN?G ? >I ;LNCAI NI>IM >; ;FO>C>; IHMNCNOC\[I 3INIO I
-L?MC>?HN? OM?HN? DOMNC@C=;>;G?HN? H?MN? DOFA;G?HNI I 0?HBIL *CHCMNLI
;LFIM 3?FFIMI -L?MC>?HN? -L?MC>CO I DOFA;G?HNI I 0?HBIL *CHCMNLI *;L=I
OL]FCI3C=?
-L?MC>?HN?-F?HXLCI p
OM=;H>I MIFO=CIH;L ; JIF^GC=; -?>LI )?HT; ?HN?H>? KO? >?P?L

M?
C; ONCFCT;L ;M L?AL;M >; )?C H ? J;LNCH>I >?MM; JL?GCMM; I DOFA;
G?HNI ?G 0[I -;OFI =IGJ?N? ; OG oNLC<OH;F @ILG;>I JIL =CH=I G?G<LIM

>I )?ACMF;NCPI =CH=I >?M?G<;LA;>IL?M MI< ; JL?MC>^H=C; >I 1' FI=;F KO?
N?LX>CL?CNI>?PINIHI=;MI>??GJ;N?p[212]
#CH;FG?HN? HI KO? =IH=?LH? ;IM prefeitos ;M L?AL;M M[I OG JIO
=IG;CM=IGJFC=;>;M
1;G<]G BX KO? M? @;T?L ; >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? =LCG?M =IGOHM ? =LCG?M

>? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? M?H>I JIMM_P?F ;@CLG;L KO? N;CM ;A?HN?M Je<FC=IM H[I
JIMMO?G CLL?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? L?F;NCP; H?G L?MNLC\[I Y ;JFC=;\[I >; JLCM[I
=IGII=ILL?=IGI-L?MC>?HN?>;/?Je<FC=;

"G L?F;\[I Y =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI HIM crimes de responsabilidade >?@CHC>IM ;AIL; HI !?=L?NI
)?C H >? >? @?P?L
?CLI >? KO? >CMJd? MI<L? ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >IM -L?@?CNIM ? 3?L?;>IL?M
m ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI ] >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; >I "MN;>I =IH
@ILG? ?HN?H>CG?HNI >I CH=CMI 5 >I ;LN >; # oDOFA;G?HNI >I -L?@?CNI
J?L;HN?I1LC<OH;F>?'OMNC\;p
+IM crimes comuns N;G<]G MII G?MGI >CMJIMCN
CPI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ; =IGJ?N^H=C; M?LC; >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; >IM "MN;>IM
IHNO>I OG HIPI ?F?G?HNI >?P? M?L ;=L?M=C>I ; ?MM? ?HN?H>CG?HNI KO;F
M?D; ; =IGJL??HM[I NL;TC>; J?F; 0eGOF; >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F
;JLIP;>; ?G 0?\[I -F?HXLC; >? >? M?N?G<LI >? HIM M?AOCHN?M N?L
GIM o; =IGJ?N^H=C; >I NLC<OH;F >? DOMNC\; J;L; DOFA;L JL?@?CNIM L?MNLCHA?
M?
;IM =LCG?M >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >; DOMNC\; =IGOG ?MN;>O;F HIM >?G;CM =;MIM ;
=IGJ?N^H=C;ILCACHXLC;=;<?LX;IL?MJ?=NCPINLC<OH;F>?M?AOH>IAL;Op
!?MM? GI>I ?G M? NL;N;H>I JIL ?R?GJFI >? OG =LCG? ?F?CNIL;F ;

=IGJ?N^H=C; M?LX >I 1LC<OH;F /?ACIH;F "F?CNIL;F OG; P?T KO? ; =IGJ?N^H=C;
>? DOFA;G?HNI H[I ] >; 'OMNC\; IGOG ?MN;>O;F "G OG BIGC=_>CI JIL
IONLI?H@IKO? ;=IGJ?N^H=C;M?LX>I1LC<OH;F>?'OMNC\;>I"MN;>I
12.3.2.3. Efetiva aplicao da lei penal militar a ocupantes de cargos eletivos
#?CN;M ;M H?=?MMXLC;M =IHMC>?L;\d?M JL?;G<OF;L?M KO? HIM CHMNLO
G?HN;G J;L; ; =IGJL??HM[I >? NI>IM IM @;NIL?M KO? CH@FO?H=C;G H; CHP?MN
CA;\[I ;=?L=; >IM =LCG?M =IG?NC>IM JIL >?N?HNIL?M >? G;H>;NI ?F?NCPI
=OGJL?
HIM ;AIL; ?H@L?HN;L I N?G; >? @ILG; ; NILH;L =F;L; ; =IH=?J\[I KO?
M?>?P?>;L
IGI M? PCO ;=CG; >O;M ?MJ]=C?M >? G;H>;NI ?F?NCPI JI>?L[I M?L
I=OJ;>;M OG; ;@?N; ;I -I>?L )?ACMF;NCPI 0?H;>IL !?JON;>I #?>?L;F

!?JON;>I "MN;>O;F ? 3?L?;>IL ? IONL; ;@?N; ;I -I>?L "R?=ONCPI
L?MNLCHACH>I
HIM ;I B?@? >I -I>?L "R?=ONCPI m -L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=;
$IP?LH;>IL?M ? -L?@?CNIM m ?G<IL; IM =;LAIM >? 3C=?
JL?MC>?HN? 3C=?
AIP?L
H;>IL?>?3C=?
JL?@?CNIN;G<]GM??HKO;>L?GH?MM;>?@CHC\[I

IGI P?LC@C=;>I HI CH_=CI ?MM?M =;LAIM JI>?G M?L I=OJ;>IM JIL

=CPCM IO JIL GCFCN;L?M CH;NCPIM ?G L;T[I >; ?F?C\[I +I =;MI ?MJ?=_@C=I >IM
GCFCN;L?M J?F; ;NO;F =IGJL??HM[I >;>; ;I g I >I ;LN >; #[213] >?P?
M? F?G<L;L KO? I GCFCN;L KO? JL?N?H>; =;H>C>;N;L

M? MIG?HN? =IHNCHO;LX
M?H>I GCFCN;L M? DX JIMMOCL G;CM >? >?T ;HIM >? ?@?NCPI M?LPC\I J?LG;H?
=?H>I ;AL?A;>I ?G L?AL; >OL;HN? IM NL^M G?M?M KO? ;HN?=?>?G I JF?CNI

;MI N?HB; N?GJI >? M?LPC\I CH@?LCIL J?F;M L?AL;M ;NO;FG?HN? CGJIMN;M >?
P?LX ?F? J?>CL MO; ?RIH?L;\[I IO J;MM;A?G J;L; ; L?M?LP; H[I L?GOH?L;>;
=IH@ILG? I =;MI I=;MC[I ?G KO? M?LX PCMNI =IGI OG =CPCF J;L; ; F?C J?H;F
GCFCN;L
"G IONLIM N?LGIM J;L; NILH;L =F;L; ; =IGJL??HM[I >IL;P;HN? ;I
ONCFCT;LGIM ; J;F;PL; oGCFCN;Lp ?MN;L?GIM HIM L?@?LCH>I ;I GCFCN;L KO? JIM
MO_; G;CM >? >?T ;HIM >? M?LPC\I =;H>C>;NIO

M? J;MM;H>I J?F; ;AL?A;\[I ?
;AIL; ?F?CNI ?H=IHNL;
M? H; =IH>C\[I >? GCFCN;L CH;NCPI =IG P?H=CG?HNIM
JLIJIL=CIH;CM M?D; H; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; M?D; H; =IH>C\[I >? L?@ILG;>I
=IG P?H=CG?HNIM JLIJIL=CIH;CM I HIM L?@?LCLGIM JIL IONLI F;>I ;I =CPCF
?MN;L?GIM CH>C=;H>I N;HNI ;KO?F?M KO? HOH=; @IL;G GCFCN;L?M =IGI ;KO?F?M
KO? @IL;G GCFCN;L?M G;M ;=;<;L;G JOHC>IM =IG >?GCMM[I ?R=FOM[I IO ?R
JOFM[I =IH@ILG? IM L?MJ?=NCPIM /?AOF;G?HNIM !CM=CJFCH;L?M IO KO? N?HB;G

J?>C>I ?RIH?L;\[I IO CHAL?MMI H; L?M?LP; H[I L?GOH?L;>; J;L; =IH=ILL?L Y
?F?C\[I JILN?L?GG?HIM>?>?T;HIM>?M?LPC\IH;#IL\;*CFCN;L
-IL IONLI F;>I NI>; P?T KO? HIM L?@?LCLGIM Y JLXNC=; >? =LCG? GCFCN
;L JIL OG =CPCF >?N?HNIL >? G;H>;NI ?F?NCPI ?MN;L?GIM NL;<;FB;H>I ?G

BCJaN?M? >? =LCG? GCFCN;L @?>?L;F DX KO? =IGI P?L?GIM ;>C;HN? >? @ILG;
JL?>IGCH;HN? JIMNOF;
M? KO? HI ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F I =CPCF H[I =IG?N? =LCG?
GCFCN;L
&HC=C;H>I J?FIM >?N?HNIL?M >? =;LAIM ?F?NCPIM >I -I>?L )?ACMF;NCPI

=IGI ;=CG; PCMNI >?M>? KO? L?MJ?CN;>;M ;M CGOHC>;>?M J;LF;G?HN;L?M ]
J?L@?CN;G?HN? JIMM_P?F ; JLXNC=; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L JIL J;LF;G?HN;L M?D; =CPCF
;J?H;MHIZG<CNI@?>?L;F IOGCFCN;L

"MM; PCM[I BX KO? M?L ?GJL?A;>; =IG ; L?MM;FP; >? KO? I =CPCF ? I
GCFCN;L ?G KO?MN[I JIL NL;N;L
M? >? CH;NCPI H; =IH>C\[I >? L?@ILG;>I IO >?
CHN?AL;HN? >; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; ?G L;T[I ?R;N;G?HN? >? MO; >CJFIG;\[I
HI =;LAI >?P?L[I N?L MO; =IH>ON; ;F]G >? MO<MOGC>; H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?HKO;>L;>; ?G OG; >;M ;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN
I >I -* KO??MNO>;L?GIM;>C;HN?
"R?GJFC@C=;NCP;G?HN? OG !?JON;>I #?>?L;F GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; L?
GOH?L;>; >I "R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI KO? >?M?D;H>I ;@LIHN;L ;KO?F; CHMNCNOC\[I

J?F; MO; >?MGIL;FCT;\[I CHAL?MM? ?G KO;LN?F >?=C>CH>I MO<NL;CL G;N?LC;F
<]FC=I @OTCF ;ONIGXNC=I F?P? J ?R JL;NC=;H>I N;F =IH>ON; H; =;F;>; >;
HICN? ?MN;LX ?G N?M? ?G JLXNC=; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L =;JCNOF;>I HI g I >I ;LN
@OLNI KO;FC@C=;>I =IG<CH;>I =IG ; ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I
NO>I>I a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
1I>;PC; N;F J;LF;G?HN;L MIG?HN? JI>?LX M?L JL?MI M? @IL ?H=IH
NL;>I ?G OG; >;M BCJaN?M?M >I ;LN >I a>CAI >? -LI=?MMI -?H;F *CFCN;L
IO M?D; ?G @F;AL;HN? >?FCNI M?H>I >?MH?=?MMXLC; ; I<M?LP;\[I >? M?L I =LCG?
CH;@C;H\XP?F PCMNI KO? NI>IM IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M =IGI CH>C=;GIM JL?=;LC;
G?HN? ;=CG; I M[I ;MI B;D; ; JLCM[I ?G @F;AL;HN? ; ONILC>;>? >? -IF_=C;
'O>C=CXLC; *CFCN;L >?P?LX ?H=;GCHB;L =aJC; >IM ;ONIM N;G<]G Y ZG;L; >IM
!?JON;>IM HI JL;TI GXRCGI >? PCHN? ? KO;NLI BIL;M L?G?N?H>I ;CH>; IM
;ONIM ILCACH;CM Y O>CNILC; >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L =ILL?MJIH>?HN? "MM; JIL MO;
P?T P?LC@C=;H>I ; JL?LLIA;NCP; >? @ILI DX ?MGCO\;>; >?P?LX ;JaM G;HC@?MN
;\[I >I L?JL?M?HN;HN? >I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I JLIPC>?H=C;L J;L; KO? I JLI
=?>CG?HNI M?D; ?H=;GCHB;>I ;I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F IH>? B;P?LX IO

H[I I L?=?<CG?HNI >; >?HeH=C; F;PL;>; J?FI *?G<LI >I Parquet H;KO?F;
aL<CN; *?MGI ;JaM I L?=?<CG?HNI >; >?HeH=C; ; ;M; L?MJ?=NCP; JIL
G;CILC; ;<MIFON; JI>?LX MOMN;L I JLI=?MMI MOMJ?H>?H>I
M? N;G<]G I =OLMI
JL?M=LC=CIH;FJILBCJaN?M?H[I?HOG?L;>;HI;LN>I -*
, G?MGI DX H[I JI>?LC; ;=IHN?=?L =;MI I J;LF;G?HN;L ?G KO?MN[I

I@?H>?MM? HI ?R?L=_=CI >I G;H>;NI ; BIHL; >? OG IG;H>;HN? >? 2HC>;>?
>I "R]L=CNI CMMI H[I Ma JILKO? ;OM?HN? ; CHN?H\[I >? ;@LIHN;L ; CHMNCNOC\[I
G;M JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? J?F;CHPCIF;<CFC>;>?HIM=LCG?M>?IJCHC[I

G?MG; =IGJL??HM[I JI>? I<PC;G?HN? M?L >;>; ; OG !?JON;>I

"MN;>O;F GCFCN;L CH;NCPI >? OG; GCF_=C; ?MN;>O;F KO? JL;NCKO? IM >?FCNIM ?R
?GJFC@C=;>IM AO;L>;>IIG?H=CIH;>IJ;L;F?FCMGI
+?MM? M?HNC>I NIG?

M? HI 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >? *CH;M
$?L;CM I -LI=?MMI >? IGJ?N^H=C; ,LCACHXLC; H -LI= H ; O>
CNILC; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L DOFA;>I ?G >? IONO<LI >? MI< L?F;NILC; >I
'OCT#?LH;H>I$;FP[I>;/I=B;
o, ;LNCAI I ?G M?O CH=CMI && ;F_H?;M b ? c <?G =IGI ?G M?O CH
=CMI &&& >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;I >?@CHCL I =LCG? GCFCN;L @;T ?RJL?MM; L?@?L
^H=C; ;I qGCFCN;L >; L?M?LP;r ? ;I q=CPCFr >? GI>I ; >?CR;L =F;LI KO? ;M MCNO
;\d?M DOL_>C=;M H[I M? =IH@OH>?G 0? I GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; @IMM? =IHMC>?L;>I

=CPCF J;L; IM @CHM >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L IM >CMJIMCNCPIM F?A;CM H[I FB?M @;LC
;G KO;FKO?L L?@?L^H=C; ? ; JL?PCM[I HILG;NCP; L?@?LCL

M?
C; ;J?H;M ;I =CPCF
+[I M? JI>? ?HN?H>?L KO? H; F?C ?RCMN;G J;F;PL;M CHeN?CM 0? ; JLaJLC; F?C @;T
>CMNCH\[I ?HNL? I qGCFCN;L >; L?M?LP;r ? I q=CPCFr ] JILKO? N;CM MCNO;\d?M
DOL_>C=;M M[I >CMNCHN;M ? H[I M? JI>? =IH@OH>C
F;M -IH>I @CG Y KO?MN[I I ;LN
>I -* >?CR; =F;LI KO? I GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; MO<G?N?

M? H; =IH>C\[I >?
GCFCN;L ;IM ?@?CNIM >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L -ILN;HNI I GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; ] GCFCN
;L ? H[I JI>? M?L =IHMC>?L;>I =CPCF J;L; IM ?@?CNIM >; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F
Segundo o art. 53 da Constituio da Repblica, o Deputado Federal processado e julgado perante a mais alta corte de justia, considerando-se o
contexto nacional. Aplicando-se o princpio da simetria, o parlamentar estadual deve ser processado e julgado na mais alta corte do sistema judicial
estadual. No mbito da organizao judiciria do Estado de Minas Gerais
no existe uma corte nica de mais alto grau de jurisdio que se possa
comparar ao Supremo Tribunal, no plano nacional. No plano estadual, a
jurisdio somente pode apresentar dois graus, sendo que, no Estado de
Minas Gerais, existem dois tribunais de segundo grau de jurisdio: o
Tribunal de Justia, que rgo da Justia Comum, e o Tribunal de Justia
Militar, que rgo da Justia Especializada. No se pode entender que o
Tribunal de Justia seja rgo judicirio de maior grau que o Tribunal de
Justia Militar, ou vice-versa +[I BX BC?L;LKOC; DOLCM>C=CIH;F ?HNL? IM

1LC<OH;CM M?H>I KO? OG H[I JI>? L?@ILG;L ;M >?=CMd?M >I IONLI ;>; OG
>IM >ICM NLC<OH;CM ?MN;>O;CM ?R?L=? @OH\d?M >? M?AOH>I AL;O >; L?MJ?=NCP;
DOMNC\; =IGOG ? GCFCN;L H[I B;P?H>I HI "MN;>I H?HBOG NLC<OH;F KO?
JIMM; M?L =IHMC>?L;>I MOJ?LCIL A imunidade que a Constituio da
Repblica confere ao Deputado Estadual se coloca no sentido de que este
seja processado e julgado por rgo de segundo grau de jurisdio da
Justia Estadual +[I BX >?N?LGCH;\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ?RJL?MM; >? KO? I
!?JON;>I "MN;>O;F M?D; DOFA;>I J?FI 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; =IGI I=ILL? ?G L?
F;\[I ;IM JL?@?CNIM GOHC=CJ;CM , CH=CMI & >I ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I "MN;>O
;F @;T J;L; ; =IGJ?N^H=C; ILCACHXLC; >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; ; ?RJL?MM; L?M
M;FP; >; =IGJ?N^H=C; >;M DOMNC\;M ?MJ?=C;FCT;>;M =ILL?N; CHN?LJL?N;\[I >I

MCMN?G; >? L?J;LNC\[I >? =IGJ?N^H=C; CH>C=; KO? ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1LC<OH;F
>? 'OMNC\; J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L IM !?JON;>IM "MN;>O;CM ?MNX L?MNLCN; ;IM
=LCG?M >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; IGOG ?MN;>O;F Conforme disposto na
Constituio Estadual, compete ao Tribunal de Justia Militar processar e
julgar os Deputados Estaduais militares nos crimes militares. A definio
da competncia, em razo das prerrogativas de funo, de natureza funcional e no material, o que significa dizer que somente determina o rgo
jurisdicional que ir conhecer originariamente a causa. Os critrios de determinao da competncia funcional no interferem nos critrios de definio da competncia em razo da matria.pAH
-IL @CG HI =;MI >I P?L?;>IL GCFCN;L CH;NCPI >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L JIL
?R?GJFI J?L@?CN;G?HN? JIMM_P?F ; JLXNC=; >? >?FCNIM GCFCN;L?M ? CMMI =IG
G;CIL @;=CFC>;>? >;>; ; ?RNL?G; L?>O\[I >? JL?LLIA;NCP;M ?G =IGJ;L;\[I
;IMJ;LF;G?HN;L?M@?>?L;CM??MN;>O;CM
JLXNC=IM
"MM; PCM[I L?MM;FN?

M? DX ?H=IHNL; JL?=?>?HN? ?G ;FAOHM =;MIM
+I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI JIL ?R?GJFI OG MIF>;>I -* L?@ILG;>I

I=OJ;HN? >I =;LAI >? P?L?;>IL @IC JL?MI ?G @F;AL;HN? >?FCNI JIL JLXNC=; >I
>?FCNI =;JCNOF;>I HI ;LN >I -* >?M;=;NI ; MOJ?LCIL JIL N?L ?G N?M?
JLI@?LC>I J;F;PL;M =IG I CHNOCNI >? G?HIM=;<;L MOJ?LCIL BC?LXLKOC=I ,
*CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I ?HN?H>?H>I ?RCMNCL?G CH>_=CIM >?FCNCPIM I@?L?=?O

>?HeH=C; >?PC>;G?HN? L?=?<C>; J?FI >IONI 'OCT >? !CL?CNI >; 1?L=?CL; O>
CNILC; >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F ?G >? HIP?G<LI >? N?H>I CH_=CI
I-LI=?MMIH [214]
, =;MI MOJL;=CN;>I =ILLI<IL; ; PCM[I ?RJIMN; M?AOH>I ; KO;F ] JIM
M_P?F ; JLXNC=; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L JIL J;LF;G?HN;L M?D; ?F? =CPCF ?G ZG<CNI @?>
?L;F M?D; ?F? GCFCN;L CHN?AL;HN? >; CH;NCPC>;>? CMMI N;HNI HI ZG<CNI @?>?L;F
=IGI HI ?MN;>O;F >?M>? KO? I<M?LP;>;M ;M L?MNLC\d?M G;N?LC;CM ? JLI=?M
MO;CM>CMJIMN;MH; IHMNCNOC\[I#?>?L;F
-;MM?GIM ;AIL; ;I ?MNO>I >;M JIMMC<CFC>;>?M ;@?N;M ;IM >?N?HNIL?M
>IM=;LAIM?F?NCPIM>I-I>?L"R?=ONCPI
-;L; >?N?HNIL >? G;H>;NI ;@?NI ;I -I>?L "R?=ONCPI ;J?M;L >? JIM
M_P?F I =IG?NCG?HNI >? CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM >OL;HN? I =OLMI >I G;H>;NI >?P?
GIM @;T?L ; ;HXFCM? =IGJ;LNCG?HN;>; JLCG?CLI ?G >O;M =;N?AILC;M >? CH
@L;\d?M J?H;CM ;M =IGOHM ? ;M >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ? M?AOH>I >? ;=IL>I

=IG I ZG<CNI >I =;LAI H; ?MNLONOL; @?>?L;NCP; IO M?D; -L?MC>?HN? >;
/?Je<FC=; $IP?LH;>IL?MIO-L?@?CNIM
&HC=C;H>I J?FIM =LCG?M >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? IO M?D; L?AL; A?L;F

;KO?F?M =IG?NC>IM HI ?R?L=_=CI >;M @OH\d?M CH?L?HN?M ;IM =;LAIM ] JIMM_P?F ;
JLXNC=; >? >?FCNIM J?FI I=OJ;HN? >IM =;LAIM >? -L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; >?
$IP?LH;>IL >IM "MN;>IM IO >I !CMNLCNI #?>?L;F IO >? -L?@?CNIM >?P?H>I
M?
I<M?LP;L ;M L?AL;M L?F;NCP;M ;I JLI=?MMI DX ?RJIMN;M JL?LLIA;NCP; >? @ILI ;>
GCMMC<CFC>;>?>;;=OM;\[IJIL ;M;)?ACMF;NCP; L?MNLC\d?MYJLCM[I
+IM =LCG?M =IGOHM m L?MM;FN;GIM KO? I =IH=?CNI ;KOC H[I M? JL?H
>? Y ;<IL>;A?G >;>; HI CH_=CI >?MN; I<L; =IG @OF=LI HI <?G DOL_>C=I G;M
;I @;NI >? I =LCG? H[I M?L =IHMC>?L;>I =IGI =LCG? >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?
?HKO;>L;H>I
M? H?MM? =IH=?CNI JILN;HNI I =LCG? GCFCN;L m N;G<]G ] JIM
M_P?F ; JLXNC=; >?FCNCP; JIL >?N?HNIL >? G;H>;NI ?F?NCPI >I -I>?L "R?=ONCPI
JIL]G >?P?
M?;H;FCM;L;MBCJaN?M?MJ;L;=;>;?M@?L;
;MI I =;LAI M?D; I >? -L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; IM =LCG?M =IGOHM
JIL ?F? JL;NC=;>IM M?G L?F;\[I =IG I ?R?L=_=CI >I =;LAI H[I JI>?L[I M?L

MOD?CNIM Y J?LM?=O\[I =LCGCH;F M?D;G ?F?M JL;NC=;>IM ;HN?M IO ;JaM ; ;MMOH
\[I >I =;LAI 2G @OLNI >? G;N?LC;F <]FC=I >I "R]L=CNI JIL ?R?GJFI M?G KO?
B;D; L?F;\[I =IG I ?R?L=_=CI >I =;LAI ?MN;LX ;<L;HAC>I JIL ?MM;
CLL?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?
-;L; IM crimes comuns JL;NC=;>IM HI ?R?L=_=CI >;M @OH\d?M ;@?N;M
;I =;LAI I -L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; JI>? M?L L?MJIHM;<CFCT;>I CH=FOMCP? JIL
=LCG? GCFCN;L >?M>? KO? ?H=IHNL;>; MO<MOH\[I H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F ? H; -;LN?

$?L;F >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?MM?H=C;FG?HN? ;M ;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN
I !?P?
M? HI ?HN;HNI L?MJ?CN;L ;M JL?LLIA;NCP;M HI KO? =IH=?LH? Y ;>
GCMMC<CFC>;>? >; ;=OM;\[I J?F; ZG;L; >IM !?JON;>IM ? Y JL?LLIA;NCP; >?

@ILIJ?FI0OJL?GI1LC<OH;F#?>?L;F
V GOCNI >C@_=CF ; C>?;FCT;\[I >? OG ?R?GJFI ?G KO? I -L?MC>?HN? >;
/?Je<FC=; JL;NCKO? >?FCNI L?F;=CIH;>I ;I ?R?L=_=CI >I =;LAI M?G KO? M? =IH
@CAOL? ?F? ?G =LCG? >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? =IHNO>I =ILL?H>I I LCM=I >;M =L_NC=
;M KO? JI>?L[I MOLACL N?HN;L?GIM ?R?GJFC@C=;L OG; JIMMC<CFC>;>? &G;
ACH?GIM OG GCFCN;L @?>?L;F ?F?CNI J;L; I =;LAI >? -L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=;
+I GIG?HNI >; ?F?C\[I =IH@ILG? ; JL?GCMM; ;>IN;>; =IG <;M? H; CHN?L
JL?N;\[I >I g I >I ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F J;MM;LX J;L; ;

CH;NCPC>;>? NILH;H>I
M? GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; IO L?@ILG;>I =IH
@ILG? I =;MI /?@?LC>I GCFCN;L CH;NCPI DX =IGI -L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; ;F
N?L; OG >I=OG?HNI I@C=C;F J?FI KO;F ?G >;N; JL?N]LCN; NL;HMGCNCO OG; IL
>?G YM #IL\;M LG;>;M <OM=;H>I =IG MO; =IH>ON; MCGJF?MG?HN? NL;T?L OG
AL;P? =IGJLIG?NCG?HNI >; IL>?G ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; GCFCN;L JLI@?NCT;H>I =IG

<;M? H; @;FMC>;>? >I=OG?HN;F J?LJ?NL;>; KO? B;PC; OG; L?=;F=CNLZH=C; CH?R
JFC=XP?F ;I =OGJLCG?HNI >? MO; IL>?G , @;NI >?M=LCNI ?G N?M? ?H=IHNL;

MO<MOH\[I HI ;LN >I -* M?H>I JIMM_P?F ; JLXNC=; JIL GCFCN;L CH;NCPI
=IG <;M? H; ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I >I G?MGI Codex >?M>? KO? I
MOD?CNI ;NCPI >?M?D? =IG MO; =IH>ON; ;@LIHN;L ; JLaJLC; CHMNCNOC\[I "R]L=CNI
L;MCF?CLI =IGI P?LC@C=;>I HI ?R?GJFI =IHMCAH;>I %;P?H>I ; MO<MOH\[I
HI -* ? =IHMC>?L;H>I KO? I @;NI ;N?HNIO =IHNL; ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L
J?F; @] Je<FC=; ? H[I =IHNL; ; ?RCMN^H=C; >; 2HC[I I FCPL? ?R?L=_=CI >IM
-I>?L?M >I "MN;>I ; M?AOL;H\; CHN?LH; >I -;_M ; JLI<C>;>? >;

>GCHCMNL;\[I ; F?C IL\;G?HNXLC; I ?R?L=_=CI >IM >CL?CNIM JIF_NC=IM CH>C
PC>O;CM ? MI=C;CM ? I =OGJLCG?HNI >;M F?CM ? >;M >?=CMd?M DO>C=C;CM JI>?GIM

>CT?L KO? BIOP? =IG?NCG?HNI >? OG =LCG? GCFCN;L ;KOC =;L;=N?LCT;>I =IGI
=LCG? =IGOG "G B;P?H>I ; ;>GCMM[I >; ;=OM;\[I J?F; ZG;L; >IM
!?JON;>IM JIL G;CILC; >? >ICM N?L\IM B;P?LX I DOFA;G?HNI J?L;HN? I 0O
JL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F @C=;H>I I -L?MC>?HN? MOMJ?HMI >? MO;M @OH\d?M ;M
MCG KO? I 0OJL?GI L?=?<?L ; >?HeH=C; MOMJ?HM[I ?MM; KO? >OL;LX JIL HI
GXRCGI =?HNI ? ICN?HN; >C;M ;JaM I KO? I -L?MC>?HN? L?;MMOGCLX MO;M @OH
\d?M =IGIJLI=?MMI?G=OLMI
.O;HNI ;IM $IP?LH;>IL?M >;M 2HC>;>?M #?>?L;NCP;M >?M>? KO? L?
MJ?CN;>;M ;M L?AL;M ;@?N;M YM JL?LLIA;NCP;M m KO? H[I =IGJILN;G L?MM;FN?

M?
; CLL?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F L?F;NCP; H?G ; L?MNLC\[I Y JLCM[I m JI>?LX B;P?L

; JLXNC=; >? infraes penais comuns ?HKO;>L;H>I
M? H?MM? OHCP?LMI
CH=FOMCP? ;M GCFCN;L?M >?M>? KO? MO<MOGC>;M J?F; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F ? J?F; -;LN?
$?L;F ?HN?H>;
M? BCJaN?M?M =IHMN;HN?M >;M ;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I
>I a>CAI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? M?H>I HI ?HN;HNI =IGJ?N?HN? J;L; JLI=?MM;L ?
DOFA;L ILCACH;LC;G?HN? N;CM >?FCNIM I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; =IH@ILG?
I>CMJIMNIHI;LN & a >; IHMNCNOC\[I#?>?L;F
1;G<]G M[I J;MM_P?CM >? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I IM -L?@?CNIM J?F; JLXNC=;

>? infraes penais comuns ?HKO;>L;H>I
M? H?MM? OHCP?LMI CH=FOMCP? ;M
GCFCN;L?M >?M>? KO? MO<MOGC>;M J?F; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F ? J?F; -;LN? $?L;F
?HN?H>;
M? BCJaN?M?M =IHMN;HN?M >;M ;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I >I
a>CAI-?H;F ;MNL?HM?
;MI ; CH@L;\[I M?D; >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; IGOG ?MN;>O;F ;

=IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI M?LX >I L?MJ?=NCPI 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; HIM N?L
GIM>I>CMJIMNIHICH=CMI5>I;LN>;)?C*;CIL
+;M >?G;CM MCNO;\d?M IO M?D; H[I M?H>I I =LCG? >? =IGJ?N^H=C;
>; 'OMNC\; IGOG ?MN;>O;F M?AOH>I I ?HN?H>CG?HNI NL;TC>I J?F; 0eGOF;
>I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F ; =IGJ?N^H=C; ILCACHXLC; =;<?LX ;I L?
MJ?=NCPINLC<OH;F>?M?AOH>IAL;O

MMCG HI =;MI >? =LCG? ?F?CNIL;F ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1LC<OH;F /?
ACIH;F "F?CNIL;F ? =IGI G;CM HIM CHN?L?MM; HI =;MI >? =LCG? GCFCN;L ; =IG
J?N^H=C; M?LX >I aLA[I >? M?AOH>I AL;O IO M?D; I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L
M? =LCG? GCFCN;L @?>?L;F ? H;M CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M ?G ZG<CNI ?MN;>O
;F >IM 1LC<OH;CM >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L HIM "MN;>IM >? 0[I -;OFI *CH;M $?L;CM ?
/CI$L;H>?>I0OF?>IM1LC<OH;CM>?'OMNC\;HIM>?G;CM"MN;>IM
12.3.3. Aplicao da lei penal militar em relao aos advogados
,M ;>PIA;>IM H[I JIL JL?PCM[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F G;M JIL ?RJL?MM;
JL?PCM[I F?A;F AIT;G >? =?LN;M CGOHC>;>?M KO? JI>?G M?L N;G<]G G;N?LC
;CMIOJLI=?MMO;CM
)?C H >? >? DOFBI >? "MN;NONI >; ,L>?G >IM >
PIA;>IM >I L;MCF ?G M?O ;LN I NL;T ;I F;>I >? OG; M]LC? >? JL?LLIA;N
CP;M >I ?R?L=_=CI JLI@CMMCIH;F ;FAOG;M A;L;HNC;M KO? JI>?G GOCNI <?G M?L
=IGJL??H>C>;M=IGICGOHC>;>?M
JLCG?CL; IL>?G >? CGOHC>;>?M ] ; G;N?LC;F J;L; ;FAOHM =LCG?M >?

IJCHC[I OG; P?L>;>?CL; CHPCIF;<CFC>;>? J;L; HIM ?R;NIM N?LGIM >I g I >I
;LN I IM =LCG?M >? CHDeLC; >C@;G;\[I IO >?M;=;NI H[I ;F=;H\;H>I IM >?
G;CM =LCG?M ,=ILL? KO? ?G >? G;CI >? I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F

#?>?L;F HI DOFA;G?HNI >; \[I !CL?N; >? &H=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? H
JLIJIMN; J?F; MMI=C;\[I >IM *;ACMNL;>IM L;MCF?CLIM =IHMC>?LIO CH=IH
MNCNO=CIH;F ; JL?PCM[I >I >CMJIMCNCPI ?G L?F;\[I ;I =LCG? >? >?M;=;NI JI
>?H>I M?L N;F =IH@ILG;\[I ?MN?H>C>; ;IM =LCG?M >? >?M;=;NI ; MOJ?LCIL ;LN
I<PC;G?HN? KO;H>I I ;>PIA;>I @IL GCFCN;L CH;NCPI ? >? >?M;=;NI ; GCF
CN;L >? M?LPC\I ;LN H?MM? =;MI JI>?H>I I ;>PIA;>I M?L =CPCF BCJaN?M?
JIMM_P?F ;J?H;M HI ZG<CNI >IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M @?>?L;CM IO GCFCN;L CH;NCPI
JIMM_P?FN;HNIHIZG<CNI>IM=LCG?MGCFCN;L?M?MN;>O;CM=IGI>IM@?>?L;CM
"R?GJFC@C=;H>I ; =IGJL??HM[I >;>; M? OG ;>PIA;>I GCFCN;L >I

"MN;>I L?@ILG;>I HI ?R?L=_=CI JLI@CMMCIH;F CHDOLC;L OG ,@C=C;F ?H=;LL?A;>I
>? &HKO]LCNI -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L B;P?LX CGOHC>;>? G;N?LC;F J;L; I @;NI H[I JI
>?H>I M?KO?L M?L CHMN;OL;>I OG @?CNI >? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L -IL IONLI

F;>I M? ?MM? G?MGI ;>PIA;>I >?M;=;N;L GCFCN;L?M >? M?LPC\I H; $O;L>; >I
.O;LN?F ;CH>; KO? HI ?R?L=_=CI JLI@CMMCIH;F I =LCG? >I ;LN M? JL?M?HN?M
;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I >I -* I=ILL?LX >?P?H>I
M?
J;LNCL J;L; OG M?AOH>I GIG?HNI >; ;HXFCM? ;@?NI YM L?MNLC\d?M >? IL>?G
JLI=?MMO;F FCA;>;MYML?MNLC\d?MJ;L;;JLCM[I>I;>PIA;>I
+?MM? M?HNC>I ; N_NOFI >? ?R?GJFI vide -LI=?MMI H ;

=;LAI >; ; O>CNILC; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI ?G KO? OG
;>PIA;>I HI ?R?L=_=CI JLI@CMMCIH;F GCFCN;L L?@ILG;>I >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L N?L
C; ?G N?M? >?M;=;N;>I OG M;LA?HNI >; ;NCP; ?G @OH\[I ;>MNLCN; Y AO;L>; >I

KO;LN?F
I L?=?<?L ; >?HeH=C; I CFOMNL? 'OCT >? !CL?CNI >;KO?F; O>CNILC;
/IH;F>I 'I[I /INB GOCNI <?G ?RJbM ; KO?MN[I >CMJIH>I KO? ; =IH>C\[I >?
GCFCN;L >I >?HOH=C;>I oJL;NC=;H>I I >?FCNI CGJON;>I =IHNL; ; P_NCG; GCFCN;L
>? M?LPC\I ? HI .O;LN?F NL;T =?LNI ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >?MN; 'OMNC\; "MJ?=C;FCT;>;
J?F; JL?PCM[I >? >?FCNI GCFCN;L MO<MOGC>IM HI ;LNCAI == I ;LN I CH
=CMI &&& ;F_H?; b >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;Lp -LIMM?AO? >CMJIH>I KO? I o@;NI
>? N?L JLI=OL;>I I .O;LN?F HOG >IGCHAI YM BIL;M J;L;
JLINI=IF;L OG >I=OG?HNI J;L; M?O =FC?HN? ;ACH>I =IGI >PIA;>I =IGI
>?=FCHIO H[I FB? >X CGOHC>;>? KO;HNI ;I =LCG? CGJON;>I ? CAO;FG?HN? H[I
JI>? M?L I<MNX=OFI J;L; ;JL?=C;\[I >I @;NI J?F; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F JICM
I >?HOH=C;>I ?G<IL; M?H>I >PIA;>I N;G<]G ] GCFCN;L ? JILN;HNI
MOD?CNI Y )?C -?H;F *CFCN;L ? ;N] G?MGI ;I /?AOF;G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L >; -IF_
=C;*CFCN;L =IGI]M;<C>Ip
&H=IH@ILG;>I =IG I L?=?<CG?HNI >; >?HeH=C; ? I CH_=CI >I JLI
=?MMI CGJ?NLIO habeas corpus J?L;HN? I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >? 0[I
-;OFI B;P?H>I >?=CM[I >; ; ZG;L; >;KO?F? 1LC<OH;F >?H?A;H>I ;=?LN;
>;G?HN? ; IL>?G >? habeas corpus MI< JLCGILIMIM ;LAOG?HNIM -LCG?CLI

?HOG?LIO
M? KO? I DOFA;G?HNI >I L?G]>CI ?G >CM=OMM[I H[I M? JL?MN;P; ;
>CM=ONCL M? I J;=C?HN? JL;NC=;L; IO H[I I =LCG? >? >?M;=;NI G;M MCG ?R=FO
MCP;G?HN? ; ;JL?=C;L M? ; =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; KO? I J;=C?HN? M?D; JLI=?MM;>I ?

DOFA;>I =IGJ?N? ; ?MM; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "G M?AOC>; M?>CG?HN;H>I ; PCM[I >?

KO? ; CGOHC>;>? >I ;>PIA;>I H[I ;F=;H\; I =LCG? >? >?M;=;NI I P ;=aL>[I
>CMJbMKO?
o )?C H KO? >CMJd? MI<L? I "MN;NONI >PI=;=C; ? ; ,L
>?G >IM >PIA;>IM >I L;MCF ?G M?O ;LNCAI I g I JL;NC=;G?HN? L?
JLI>OT I N?RNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ?MN;<?F?=?H>I KO? q+I ?R?L=_=CI >; JLI@CMM[I

I;>PIA;>I]CHPCIFXP?FJILM?OM;NIM?G;HC@?MN;\d?M HIMFCGCN?M>?MN;F?Cr
/?@?LC>; F?C JIL MO; P?T ?HOH=C; JILG?HILCT;>;G?HN? IM >CL?CNIM

>I ;>PIA;>I G?L?=?H>I >?MN;KO? ?G @;=? >; G;N]LC; MI< ?R;G? I >CMJIMNI
HI g I >I ;LNCAI I KO? ;MMCG M? ?RJL?MM; q, ;>PIA;>I N?G CGOHC>;>?
JLI@CMMCIH;F H[I =IHMNCNOCH>I CHDeLC; >C@;G;\[I JOH_P?CM KO;FKO?L
G;HC@?MN;\[I >? MO; J;LN? HI ?R?L=_=CI >? MO; ;NCPC>;>? ?G DO_TI IO @IL;
>?F? M?G JL?DO_TI >;M M;H\d?M >CM=CJFCH;L?M J?L;HN? ; , J?FIM ?R=?MMIM
KO?=IG?N?Lr
/?ACMNL?
M? KO? I N?LGI qIO >?M;=;NIr KO? =IHMN;P; ILCACH;LC;G?HN?
HI N?RNI >; F?C N?P? MOMJ?HM; MO; ?@C=X=C; JIL >?=CM[I >I " 0OJL?GI
1LC<OH;F#?>?L;F!&
&H>?J?H>?HN? >?MM; >?=CM[I P?LC@C=;

M? KO? ; CHPCIF;<CFC>;>? IO
CGOHC>;>? >I ;>PIA;>I H[I ] CFCGCN;>; >?P?H>I I<M?LP;L >?N?LGCH;>IM
J;LZG?NLIMp
LL?G;N; I JLCGILIMI =aL>[I =IG ?R?GJFIM KO? @;=CFCN;G ; =IG
JL??HM[I >; >CMNCH\[I >? OG =LCG? =IGOG >? >?M;=;NI >? OG =LCG? GCFCN;L
>?>?M;=;NI;GCFCN;L>?M?LPC\I J?LJ?NL;>IJILGCFCN;LCH;NCPI3?D;GIM
o, =C>;>[I KO? ] =CPCF GCFCN;L @?>?L;F >; L?M?LP; IO L?@ILG;>I ?
N;G<]G ;>PIA;>I JI>? ?P?HNO;FG?HN? JL;NC=;L I =LCG? >? >?M;=;NI CH
=C>CH>I =IH@ILG? ; MCNO;\[I HI >CMJIMNI HI ;LNCAI >I a>CAI -?H;F IO

HI ;LNCAI >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L H?MN? =;MI M? I =LCG? NCP?L MC>I JL;NC=
;>IH;M=IH>C\d?MJL?PCMN;MHI;LNCAI I CH=CMI&&& >I -*

+?MM; BCJaN?M? M?LX JLI=?MM;>I ? DOFA;>I L?MJ?=NCP;G?HN? J?F;
'OMNC\; IGOG M? I =LCG? ?MN;P; JL?PCMNI HI a>CAI -?H;F IO J?F; 'OMNC\;

*CFCN;L>;2HC[I M?JL?PCMNIHI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L

+;NOL;FG?HN? H[I BX =IGI I =CPCF M?L JLI=?MM;>I ? DOFA;>I J?F;

'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F <?G JILKO? I g I >I ;LNCAI >; IHMNCNOC\[I
#?>?L;FJL?P^MO;=IGJ?N^H=C;;J?H;M?GL?F;\[I;IMJIFC=C;CMGCFCN;L?M
-IL MO; P?T I =C>;>[I GCFCN;L ?MN;>O;F >; L?M?LP; IO L?@ILG;>I ?

N;G<]G ;>PIA;>I JI>? CAO;FG?HN? PCL ; JL;NC=;L I =LCG? >? >?M;=;NI CH
=C>CH>I =IH@ILG? ; MCNO;\[I HI >CMJIMNI HI ;LNCAI >I a>CAI -?H;F IO

HI ;LNCAI >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L H?MN? =;MI M? I =LCG? NCP?L MC>I JL;NC=
;>IH;M=IH>C\d?MJL?PCMN;MHI;LNCAI I CH=CMI&&& >I -*
+?MN; IONL; BCJaN?M? M? I =LCG? H[I NCP?L MC>I JL;NC=;>I H;M =IH
>C\d?M JL?PCMN;M HI ;LNCAI I CH=CMI &&& >I -* I=ILL?LX ; ;JFC=;\[I >I
>CMJIMNI HI ;LNCAI >I a>CAI -?H;F ? I @;NI M?LX ;FPI >? JLI=?MMI ? DOFA;
G?HNIH;'OMNC\; IGOG
-IL ?R?GJFI I ;>PIA;>I >CLCA?

M? >OL;HN? I @CH;F >? M?G;H; ; OG
>IM #aLOHM /?ACIH;CM ?RCMN?HN?M H; ;JCN;F JL?N?H>?H>I JLINI=IF;L OG;
J?NC\[I IGI H[I BX ?RJ?>C?HN? ? I JLINI=IFI Ma @OH=CIH; HIM >C;M eN?CM I
;>PIA;>I CHMCMN? J;L; KO? I PCAC; ;FC JL?M?HN? L?=?<; I >I=OG?HNI !C;HN? >;
L?=OM; I ;>PIA;>I P?G ; >?M;=;N;L I @OH=CIHXLCI GINCP;H>I ; KO? L?MJIH>;
H; 'OMNC\; =IGOG J?F; JLXNC=; >I =LCG? JL?PCMNI HI ;LNCAI >I a>CAI
-?H;F
!? IONLI GI>I HI =;MI MI< ?R;G? H?MN? habeas corpus JL?PCMN;M
;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ?RJFC=CN;>;M HI ;LNCAI I CH=CMI &&& >I -* ; =IH>ON; >I

;>PIA;>I ? GCFCN;L JI>?LX ?MN;L NCJC@C=;>; HI ;LNCAI >I a>CAI =;MNL?HM?
?IJLI=?MMI?DOFA;G?HNIM?L>?=IGJ?N^H=C;>;'OMNC\;*CFCN;L"MN;>O;Fp.
+IN;
M? =F;L;G?HN? KO? ; PCM[I >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L J;OFCMN; ?G
JLCG?CL; ? M?AOH>; CHMNZH=C;M ] ;=?LN;>;G?HN? ; >? KO? ] JIMM_P?F OG ;>
PIA;>I GCFCN;L CH;NCPI =IG?N?L OG =LCG? GCFCN;L >? >?M;=;NI ;CH>; KO? HI
?R?L=_=CI >; ;>PI=;=C; =L?M=?HN?
M? ;IM ?R?GJFIM NL;TC>IM J?FI " 1'*0; =IGJL??HM[I >? KO? I >?M;=;NI ;I M?L ?H=;L;>I =IGI >?FCNI =IGOG ;LN
>I - =IGOG CGJd? ; F;PL;NOL; >I N?LGI =CL=OHMN;H=C;>I DX KO?
=LCG? >? G?HIL JIN?H=C;F I@?HMCPI H; >C=\[I >I ;LN >; )?C H >?

>? M?N?G<LI >? DX =IG ; ;FN?L;\[I NL;TC>; J?F; )?C H >?
>?DOHBI>?
1I>;PC; ; KO?MN[I ?G =IG?HNI ?G M?>? >I /?=OLMI ?G Habeas

Corpus H 0- DOFA;>I ?G >? DOHBI >? MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCM
NLI %;GCFNIH ;LP;FBC>I ?HN?H>?O JIL =IGJ?N?HN? ; 'OMNC\; =IGOG ;HO
F;H>I ab initio IJLI=?MMIMOJL;=CN;>I
IG ; >?PC>; P^HC; >;KO?F? =IF?H>I 1LC<OH;F IM ;LAOG?HNIM >;

>?=CM[I m KO? @LCM?
M? H[I >CM=ONCO I =IG?NCG?HNI >I =LCG? G;M ;J?H;M ;
=IGJ?N^H=C;>?DOFA;G?HNImH[IG?L?=?G;=;N;G?HNI
&HC=C;FG?HN? <;M?IO
M? ; L?MJ?CNXP?F >?=CM[I ?G OG JL?=?>?HN? >I
JLaJLCI 01' MCHN?NCT;>I HI PINI >I *CHCMNLI #?FCR #CMB?L KO? =CN;H>I
!?H_FMIH #?CNIM; -;=B?=I ]FCI )I<[I 'ILA? ]M;L >? MMCM ? 0B?CF; C?L
L?H<;=B ;P;FC; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? OG GCFCN;L @?>?L;F CH;NCPI =;JCN[I >; L?
M?LP; >I "R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI M?L JLI=?MM;>I ? DOFA;>I J?F; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L
"MN;>O;F ?G @;=? >? OG >?FCNI JL;NC=;>I =IHNL; OG JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L ?G M?L
PC\I JL?GCMM; NIN;FG?HN? >CP?LM; >I =;MI IL; =IG?HN;>I ?G KO? ;G<IM
?L;G CHN?AL;HN?M >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI -IL a<PCI ;
'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F H[I JI>? DOFA;L IM GCFCN;L?M >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M ?
CMMI >? @X=CF =IGJL??HM[I >; F?CNOL; >I g I >I ;LN >; # H;>; AO;L>;
>? M?G?FB;HN? =IG I =;MI ?G ;HXFCM? ; H[I M?L I @;NI >? I MOD?CNI ;NCPI M?L
GCFCN;L CH;NCPI +IN?
M? ?HNL?N;HNI KO? I GCFCN;L L?@ILG;>I >; -IF_=C; *CFCN
;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI JI>? M?L DOFA;>I J?F; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >? M?O
"MN;>I
"G M?AOH>I GIG?HNI =IG <;M? HI JL?=?>?HN? =IH>?HM;>I HI

Habeas Corpus H
!# >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F <OM=;
M?
OG; ?KOCJ;L;\[I F?A;F ?HNL? =CPCF ? GCFCN;L CH;NCPI IG ?@?CNI BX =?LN;

?KOCJ;L;\[I G;M ;J?H;M J;L; ;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M >? =IG?NCG?HNI >I =LCG?
GCFCN;L ? H[I H; ?MM^H=C; >I =;LAI IO @OH\[I "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M ;G<IM
=CPCF ? CH;NCPI ;J?H;M =IG?N?G =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M H; ?R=?\[I >? ;=IL>I =IG I
CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I >I -* IO M?D; >?P?G N?L ; CHN?H\[I >? ;AL?>CL ; CH
MNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L ? JL;NC=;L I @;NI ?G OG; >;M MCNO;\d?M >?M=LCN;M H;M ;F_H?;M

>?MM? CH=CMI -IL]G H[I BX OG; ?KOCJ;L;\[I JF?H; >? MILN? KO? M? JIMM;
;F?A;L =IGI JL?N?H>? ; >?=CM[I >I 01' KO? I CH;NCPI N;G<]G H[I JI>? M?L
DOFA;>I J?F;M 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M "MN;>O;CM IO KO? JIL ?R?GJFI JIL M?L
?KOCJ;L;>I ; =CPCF I CH;NCPI H[I JIMMOC MOJ?LCIL BC?LXLKOC=I J;L; @CHM >?
=IH@CAOL;\[I >? =LCG?M =IGI I =;JCNOF;>I HI ;LN >I -* PCIF^H=C; =IH
NL;MOJ?LCIL
#CH;FG?HN? ;I ;=IFB?L I J;L?=?L GCHCMN?LC;F =IGI @OH>;G?HNI >;

>?=CM[I I 01' L?MJ;F>; =IG ; >?PC>; P^HC; ;<MOL>; PCM[I >? KO? MIG?HN?
;M#IL\;MLG;>;MM[ICHMNCNOC\d?MGCFCN;L?MJ;L;@CHM>ICH=CMI&&&>I;LN I
>I -* M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M ? IM ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M M[I CH
?KOCPI=;G?HN? CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M J?FI L?ACG? KO? FB?M =IH@?LCO ; IH
MNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F GILG?HN? HI ;LN KO? =IHMC>?L; M?OM CHN?AL;HN?M GCFCN
;L?M>IM"MN;>IM MOD?CNIM;L?ACG?DOL_>C=IGOCNIJ?=OFC;L
"G L?MOGI L?MJ?CN;H>I NI>;M ;M =IHMNLO\d?M ?G M?HNC>I IJIMNI

?HN?H>?GIM KO? IM GCFCN;L?M CH;NCPIM HI ?R?L=_=CI >; ;>PI=;=C; JI>?G
=IG?N?L =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M CH=FOMCP? I =LCG? >? >?M;=;NI ; MOJ?LCIL ;LN
>I -* ? >?M;=;NI ; GCFCN;L >? M?LPC\I ;LN >I -* >?M>? KO?
JL??H=BC>;M ;M ?RCA^H=C;M >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I >I -* M?H>I =IGJ?N
?HN? J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L ?MM?M =LCG?M ;M 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M >; 2HC[I ? ;M
"MN;>O;CM #LCM?
M? CH=FOMCP? KO? I ;>PIA;>I KO? H[I ] GCFCN;L CH;NCPI JI>?
=IG?N?L H; ?M@?L; @?>?L;F I =LCG? >? >?M;=;NI ; GCFCN;L >? M?LPC\I ?G @;=?
>;>CMJIMC\[I>I;LN>; #
*;M ; =IH=FOM[I J?F; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >I =IG?NCG?HNI >? =LCG? JIL
;>PIA;>I H[I ?H=?LL; ; KO?MN[I >;M CGOHC>;>?M J;L; IM ;>PIA;>IM M?H>I
;CH>;H?=?MMXLCI;P;FC;L;MCGOHC>;>?JLI=?MMO;CM
M CGOHC>;>?M JLI=?MMO;CM ;NCHA?G I ;NI >? JLCM[I >I ;>PIA;>I

-?FI g I >I G?MGI ;LN I >I "MN;NONI >; ,L>?G >IM >PIA;>IM >I L;MCF
I ;>PIA;>I MIG?HN? JI>?LX M?L JL?MI ?G @F;AL;HN? JIL GINCPI >? ?R?L=_=CI
>; JLI@CMM[I ?G =;MI >? =LCG? CH;@C;H\XP?F >?P?H>I
M? H?MM? =;MI M?L
JLIPC>?H=C;>; ; JL?M?H\; >? L?JL?M?HN;HN? >; , J;L; F;PL;NOL; >I ;ONI
L?MJ?=NCPI MI<J?H;>?HOFC>;>?

"G JLCG?CLI JF;HI >?P?

M? F?G<L;L KO? NI>IM IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M
M[I CH;@C;H\XP?CM M?H>I J?L@?CN;G?HN? JIMM_P?F ; JLCM[I ?G @F;AL;HN? >? ;>
PIA;>I >?M>? KO? JL?M?HN?M OG; >;M BCJaN?M?M >I ;LN >I a>CAI >? -LI
=?MMI -?H;F *CFCN;L >?P?H>I ; ;ONILC>;>? >? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L

JLIPC>?H=C;L ; =IGOHC=;\[I Y L?MJ?=NCP; M?=\[I >; ,L>?G >IM >PIA;>IM
J;L;KO?;F;PL;NOL;M?@;\;;=IGJ;HB;LJILL?JL?M?HN;HN?>;=;N?AILC;
12.4. IHN;A?G>?JL;TIMHI!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
2G; IONL; KO?MN[I N;G<]G CHN?L?MM;HN? Y ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F
GCFCN;L ?MNX H; ?R;N; =IGJL??HM[I >? =IGI IM JL;TIM HI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN
;L MO<MN;HNCPI M[I =IGJON;>IM KO?MN[I KO? CH@FO?H=C; >CL?N;G?HN? ?G N?G
;M=IGI;=IH=?MM[I>?FCPL;G?HNI=IH>C=CIH;F JL?M=LC\[I?N=
, ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L >CMJd? KO? HIM JL;TIM >IM CHMNC
NONIM FCA;>IM ;I >CL?CNI G;N?LC;F M?LX =IHN;>I I >C; >I =IG?\I =IH=FOCH>I
M? KO? I >C; >I @CG >?P? M?L ?R=FO_>I >?G;CM ] FOA;L =IGOG KO? IM >C;M
IM G?M?M ? IM ;HIM M[I =IHN;>IM J?FI =;F?H>XLCI =IGOG IO M?D; H[I CG
JILN; M? I G^M N?G IO >C;M ] =IHN;>I I G^M >I >C; ?G KO?

=IG?\IO I JL;TI ;N] ; P]MJ?L; >I G?MGI >C; HI G^M MO<M?KO?HN? IGI ?R
?GJFI OG G^M ; =IHN;L >C; >? @?P?L?CLI P?H=? ?G >? G;L\I "G<IL;
H[I B;D; JL?PCM[I ?MJ?=_@C=; HI -* >?P?
M? ?HN?H>?L ?G ;H;FIAC; ;I ;LN
>I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG KO? ;M @L;\d?M >? >C; H;M J?H;M JLCP;NCP;M >?
FC<?L>;>??H;ML?MNLCNCP;M>?>CL?CNIM?L[I>?MJL?T;>;M
13. TRIBUNAL PENAL INTERNACIONAL

IGI ;HN?LCILG?HN? ;MMCH;F;>I >I =IH@FCNI >? #IL\;M <L;MCF?CL;M
?G GCMM[I HI ?MNL;HA?CLI JI>?L[I MOLACL =LCG?M >? AO?LL; >?G;CM H[I M?

>?M=;LN; KO? ?G HIMMI JLaJLCI N?LLCNaLCI M? CHMN;F? OG; MCNO;\[I N;F KO? IM
=LCG?M>?AO?LL; IA?HI=_>CI?N=JIMM;GM?LJ?LJ?NL;>IM
HN? ?MM;M BCJaN?M?M CH>;A;
M? =IGI M? >;LC; I DOFA;G?HNI >?MM?M
=LCG?M ?G @;=? >; =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1LC<OH;F -?H;F &HN?LH;=CIH;F International Criminal Court IOMCGJF?MG?HN?1-&
-;L; ?H=IHNL;L L?MJIMN; PXFC>; Y CH>;A;\[I @;T

M? H?=?MMXLCI I
?MNO>I G;CM >?N;FB;>I >?MM; ILN? KO? J;L; ; KO;M? NIN;FC>;>? >; >IONLCH;
=IH@CAOL;
M?@OH>;G?HN;FJ;MMI?G@;PIL>;>CAHC>;>?>;J?MMI;BOG;H;
13.1. LC;\[I
+I G;ACMN]LCI >? 0SFPC; 0N?CH?L o; J;LNCL >; 0?AOH>; $L;H>?
$O?LL; ? G;CM ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? =IG ; ;JLIP;\[I >IM ?MN;NONIM >I 1LC<OH;F
>? +OL?G<?LA I =IH=?CNI >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? MO<D?NCP; J?F; JLXNC=; >?
=LCG?M =IHNL; ; BOG;HC>;>? CH;OAOLIO OG HIPI MCMN?G; >? DOMNC\; J?H;F

J?FI KO;F IM ;A?HN?M >I JLaJLCI "MN;>I ;CH>; KO? ;ACH>I MI? MO;M F?CM H;=CIH;CM JI>?LC;G M?L L?MJIHM;<CFCT;>IM J?F; JLXNC=; >? =LCG?M
=ODIM L?MOFN;>IM NL;HM=?H>?LC;G ;M @LIHN?CL;M >?MM? G?MGI "MN;>I PCH>I ;
;NCHACL <?HM DOL_>C=IM =OD; JLIN?\[I CHN?L?MM; ; NI>; ; =IGOHC>;>? CHN?L
H;=CIH;F -IL ?MM; HIP; PCM[I =LCG?M =IGI IM >? A?HI=_>CI =LCG?M >?
AO?LL; =LCG?M =IHNL; ; BOG;HC>;>? H[I JI>?G G;CM M?L PCMNIM =IGI ;NIM >?
;@LIHN; YM F?ACMF;\d?M J?H;CM CHN?LH;M >? ?R=FOMCPI CHN?L?MM? >? =;>;
"MN;>Ip[215] " JLIMM?AO? ;@CLG;H>I KO? o; =B;G;>; L?MJIMN; JOHCNCP; CH
N?LH;=CIH;F N?LC; >? PCL JILN;HNI >? OG MCMN?G; J?FI KO;F @IMM?G MOJ?L;>;M
;M L?AL;M >? CGOHC>;>? >IM ;A?HN?M ?MN;N;CM ? >? ;JFC=;\[I >? J?H; >?HNL?
IONL;M ;NL;P]M >? G?=;HCMGIM MOJL;H;=CIH;CM CH>?J?H>?HN?M >?MPCH=OF;>IM
>IM G?=;HCMGIM CHN?LHIM >? =;>; "MN;>I >CL?N; IO CH>CL?N;G?HN? ?HPIFPC>I

?PIFO\[I >; J?LM?=O\[I J?H;F CHN?LH;=CIH;F N?LC; >? PCL H?=?MM;LC;G?HN?
;NL;P]M>;=LC;\[I>?OGMCMN?G;CHMNCNO=CIH;FCT;>I?CH>?J?H>?HN?p[216]
1L;N;
M? =IGI GOCNI <?G ?RJF;H; 3;F]LCI *;TTOIFC L?MJ;F>;>I ?G
'ILA? *CL;H>; >; @;M? >? DOLCM>C=CIH;FCT;\[I >I !CL?CNI &HN?LH;=CIH;F[217]

@CLG;H>I
M? OG 1LC<OH;F &HN?LH;=CIH;F ? H[I ?MNL;HA?CLI HI M?CI >? OG;
DOMNC\; J?H;F CHN?LH;=CIH;F ? H[I >? OG; DOMNC\; OHCP?LM;F 1L;N;
M? >? OG
NLC<OH;F CHN?LH;=CIH;F JILKO? H[I ] aLA[I >? OG MCMN?G; DOLCM>C=CIH;F >? OG
>?N?LGCH;>I J;_M KO;H>I M?LC; NLC<OH;F ?MNL;HA?CLI ? MCG @LONI >; PIHN;>?
MI<?L;H; >? PXLCIM "MN;>IM KO? PIFOHN;LC;G?HN? M? MO<G?N?L;G Y MO; DOLCM
>C\[I -IL CMMI NL;N;

M? >? OG; DOMNC\; J?H;F MOJL;H;=CIH;F IO CHN?LH;=CIH
;F H[I M? =IH@OH>CH>I =IG ; DOMNC\; OHCP?LM;F KO? =IHMCMN? H; JIMMC<CFC>;>?
>? ; DOMNC\; >? >?N?LGCH;>I J;_M DOFA;L JIL MO; F?C @;NI =IG?NC>I ?G IONLI
"MN;>I H;=CIH;F ?G =F;L; ;JFC=;\[I ?RNL;N?LLCNILC;F >; F?C J?H;F >I
JLCG?CLI[218] "MM; =IGJL??HM[I >?P?
M? N?L ?G @I=I ] >? MOG; CGJILNZH
=C; JILKO;HNI NL;HM@ILG; ;M >?=CMd?M >I 1-& ?G M?HN?H\;M CHN?LH;=CIH;CM ?

H[I ?MNL;HA?CL;M >? G;H?CL; KO? MO;M >?FC<?L;\d?M H[I =;L?=?G >? ex-
equatur >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; H?G MO;M M?HN?H\;M =;L?=?G >? BI
GIFIA;\[I >; G?MG; =ILN? H[I M? =IH@CAOL;H>I ?G BCJaN?M? ;<;L=;>; J?F;

;F_H?; i >I CH=CMI & >I ;LN >; # ? MCG ?G BCJaN?M? JIMM_P?F >? ?HKO;>
L;G?HNI HI CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN N;G<]G >; )?C *;CIL =;<?H>I JILN;HNI
I JLI=?MM;G?HNI >? MO;M >?=CMd?M >?HNLI >? N?LLCNaLCI <L;MCF?CLI ;I 'OCT
#?>?L;F>?JLCG?CL;CHMNZH=C;>I>IGC=_FCI>I;=OM;>I[219]
+?MM? =IHN?RNI I 1-& @IC =LC;>I >OL;HN? ; IH@?L^H=C; !CJFIGXNC=;

>? -F?HCJIN?H=CXLCIM >;M +;\d?M 2HC>;M MI<L? I "MN;<?F?=CG?HNI >? OG
1LC<OH;F -?H;F &HN?LH;=CIH;F F?P;>; ; ?@?CNI ?G /IG; >? ; >? DOFBI >?
M?H>I I ;NI @ILG;F >? =LC;\[I ; ;JLIP;\[I >? M?O "MN;NONI Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court KO? N?P? ;FAOG;M ;<MN?H\d?M =IGI
I =;MI >; vH>C; ;F]G >? M?N? PINIM ?G =IHNLXLCI PINIM ?MM?M >? J;_M?M >? ?R
NL?G; L?F?PZH=C; =IGI IM "MN;>IM 2HC>IM ? &ML;?F KO? H[I ;>?LCL;G ?H@CG
;I 1L;N;>I IH@CAOL;P;
M? ;MMCG I JLCG?CLI 1LC<OH;F -?H;F &HN?LH;=CIH;F
J?LG;H?HN? >; %CMNaLC; JLCG?CLI J;MMI >? OG JLI=?MMI CLL?P?LM_P?F =IGI
<?G;HIN;(IH>?L IGJ;L;NI[220]
*OCNI ?G<IL; N?HB; MC>I =LC;>I ?G MIG?HN? ?HNLIO ?G PCAIL

?G I >? DOFBI >? ;JaM ;NCHACL I HeG?LI >? M?MM?HN; =IHM?HNCG?HNIM
>?"MN;>IMMI<?L;HIM

, L;MCF L;NC@C=IO I 1L;N;>I[221] ?G >? DOHBI >? >;N; >?

JO<FC=;\[I >I !?=L?NI )?ACMF;NCPI H >? >? DOHBI >? CHAL?MM;H>I
HI IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I ?G >? M?N?G<LI >? JIL @IL\; >I !?=L?NI
JL?MC>?H=C;FH >?>?M?N?G<LI>IG?MGI;HI
IGI M? P^ I 1-& P?CI ?G L?MJIMN; ;I =F;GIL >; =IGOHC>;>? CHN?L
H;=CIH;F JIL A;L;HNCL >O;M =IH>C\d?M CH;LL?>XP?CM >I !CL?CNI I L?MJ?CNI ;I

!CL?CNI %OG;HCNXLCI ? ; CHMN;F;\[I >? OG NLC<OH;F J?LG;H?HN? J;L; DOFA;L
=LCG?M =IHNL; ; BOG;HC>;>? ;@;MN;H>I ;M =L_NC=;M ?G L?F;\[I ;IM NLC<OH;CM
ad hoc =IGII=ILL?OHIM=;MIM>;;HNCA;&OAIMFXPC;?>?/O;H>;
JLIJaMCNI >IM NLC<OH;CM ad hoc H[I M? =IH@OH>?G ?F?M =IG I 1-&
DX KO? ?MN? ] @LONI >? OG ;=IL>I ?HNL? "MN;>IM +;=CIH;CM ?HKO;HNI ;KO?F?M
M[I L?MOFN;>I >? OG; >?FC<?L;\[I OHCF;N?L;F >; ,LA;HCT;\[I >;M +;\d?M 2HC
>;M ,+2 KO? I @;T JIL L?MIFO\[I +?MM? M?HNC>I =IG ; J?LMJC=X=C; KO? FB?
] J?=OFC;L 3;F]LCI *;TTOIFC ?RJd? KO? IM NLC<OH;CM ad hoc H[I J;MM;L;G
CGOH?M ; =L_NC=;M >?HNL? ?F;M ; >? KO? N;CM NLC<OH;CM KO? N^G =;LXN?L N?G
JILXLCI ? H[I J?LG;H?HN? @IL;G =LC;>IM JIL L?MIFO\d?M >I IHM?FBI >? 0?
AOL;H\; >; ,+2 MII ;J_NOFI 3&& >; ;LN; >;M +;\d?M 2HC>;M
-?LG;H?HN? L?F;NCPI YM o;G?;\;M Y J;T LOJNOL; >; J;T ? ;NIM >? ;AL?MM[I ?
H[I JIL NL;N;>IM CHN?LH;=CIH;CM GOFNCF;N?L;CM =IGI @IC I =;MI >I 1LC<OH;F
-?H;F &HN?LH;=CIH;F I KO? JI>?LC; JL?DO>C=;L J?FI G?HIM ?G J;LN? I ?M
N;<?F?=CG?HNI =IH=L?NI >? OG; 'OMNC\; -?H;F &HN?LH;=CIH;F >? =;LXN?L J?L
G;H?HN? "MN;<?F?=?L NLC<OH;CM CHN?LH;=CIH;CM ad hoc JIL G?CI >? L?MIFO\d?M
;CH>; KO? =IG CMMI M? L?MIFP; I JLI<F?G; >; CGJ;L=C;FC>;>? ? CHMOMJ?C\[I

>IM "MN;>IM J;LN_=CJ?M >;KO?F;M AO?LL;M MCAHC@C=; NILHX
FIM aLA[IM MO<
MC>CXLCIM >I IHM?FBI >? 0?AOL;H\; >; ,+2 J;L; =OD; ;JLIP;\[I H[I M? L?
KO?L G;CM >I KO? HIP? PINIM >? M?OM KOCHT? G?G<LIM CH=FOCH>I IM =CH=I
J?LG;H?HN?M;LN g >; ;LN;>;M+;\d?M2HC>;Mp[222]
>?G;CM =IHMCAH;
M? KO? IM NLC<OH;CM ad hoc PCIF;G o; L?AL; <;MCF
;L >I >CL?CNI J?H;F M?AOH>I ; KO;F I DOCT ;MMCG =IGI ; F?C >?P? M?L JL?=IH
MNCNO_>I ;I =IG?NCG?HNI >I =LCG? ? H[I ex post facto #IC DOMN;G?HN? J?FI
@;NI >? KO? N;CM NLC<OH;CM NCP?L;G MO; =LC;\[I =IH>C=CIH;>; J?FI @;NI KO?
CG?>C;N;G?HN? ; ;HN?=?>?L;G KO? ;FAOHM J;_M?M >?HNL? ?F?M I L;MCF ;I

;JLIP;L?G ; CHMNCNOC\[I >? NLC<OH;CM ad hoc ?RJL?MM;G?HN? G;HC@?MN;L;G

M?O JIHNI >? PCMN; J?F; =LC;\[I JIL G?CI >? OG NL;N;>I CHN?LH;=CIH;F >?
OG; =ILN? J?H;F CHN?LH;=CIH;F J?LG;H?HN? CH>?J?H>?HN? ? CGJ;L=C;F =IG
J?N?HN? J;L; I JLI=?MMI ? DOFA;G?HNI J;L; IM =LCG?M J?LJ?NL;>IM depois >?

MO;?HNL;>;?GPCAILHIJF;HICHN?LH;=CIH;Fp[223]
=IGJIMC\[I >I 1-& ; N_NOFI CHNLI>ONaLCI ] <IG KO? M? M;C<; ] >?
>?TICNI DO_T?M =IG JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ;OG?HNI JIL JLIJIMN; @OH>;G?HN;>; >?
MO; -L?MC>^H=C; ;LN gg I ? I >I "MN;NONI "MM?M DO_T?M ?G A?L;F =IG
G;H>;NI GXRCGI >? HIP? ;HIM m BX L?AL; ?M=;FIH;>; J;L; ; JLCG?CL; =IG
JIMC\[I >; ILN? m >?P?L[I M?L ?M=IFBC>IM ?HNL? J?MMI;M >? ?F?P;>;
C>IH?C>;>? GIL;F CGJ;L=C;FC>;>? ? CHN?ALC>;>? KO? N;G<]G L?eH;G =IH
>C\d?M J;L; >?M?GJ?HB;L ;M @OH\d?M DO>C=C;CM G;CM ;FN;M HIM M?OM J;_M?M
NIG;H>I
M? JIL J;LZG?NLI HI L;MCF IM L?KOCMCNIM J;L; CHN?AL;L I 0OJL?GI
1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F >CMJIMNIM HI ;LN >; # o, 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F
=IGJd?
M? >? IHT? *CHCMNLIM ?M=IFBC>IM >?HNL? =C>;>[IM =IG G;CM >? NLCHN;
? =CH=I ? G?HIM >? M?MM?HN; ? =CH=I ;HIM >? C>;>? >? HINXP?F M;<?L DOL_>C=I ?
L?JON;\[ICFC<;>;p
13.2. "R?L=_=CI>;DOLCM>C\[I?=LCG?M>?=IGJ?N^H=C;>I1-&
&HC=C;FG?HN? ] H?=?MMXLCI N?L ?G G?HN? KO? I 1-& ?R?L=? DOLCM>C\[I
MI<L? IM H;=CIH;CM >IM "MN;>IM

-;LN?M ;=OM;>IM >; JLXNC=; >IM >?FCNIM ?HO
G?L;>IM HI ;LN I >I "MN;NONI m A?HI=_>CI =LCG?M =IHNL; ; BOG;HC>;>?
=LCG?M >? AO?LL; ? =LCG? >? ;AL?MM[I m M?D; HI N?LLCNaLCI >? M?OM JLaJLCIM
"MN;>IM M?D; ?G IONLI "MN;>I
-;LN? F]G >CMMI OG "MN;>I KO? H[I CHN?AL?
I 1L;N;>I JI>?LX PIFOHN;LC;G?HN? ;=?CN;L ; DOLCM>C\[I >I 1-& =IH@ILG? JL?
PCM[I>I;LN g >I"MN;NONI
MMCG JI>?GIM L?MOGCL =IG (IH>?L

IGJ;L;NI KO? ?G
oKO;FKO?L BCJaN?M? I 1LC<OH;F -?H;F &HN?LH;=CIH;F MIG?HN? JI>?LX ?R?L=?L
MO; DOLCM>C\[I =;MI I "MN;>I ?G =ODI N?LLCNaLCI N?HB; MC>I =IG?NC>I I =LCG?
IO "MN;>I >? KO? M?D; H;=CIH;F ; J?MMI; ;=OM;>; >? =IG?N^
FI M?D; -;LN? >I

"MN;NONI IO N?HB; ; ?F? ;>?LC>Ip[224] L?MM;FN;H>I I ;ONIL =IG GOCN; J?L
MJC=X=C; KO? ?MM; L?MNLC\[I ] MCAHC@C=;NCP; DX KO? =IGI "MN;>IM 2HC>IM B
CH; ? vH>C; H[I M? ?H=IHNL;G PCH=OF;>IM ;I 1-& G;CM >; G?N;>? >; JIJO
F;\[I GOH>C;F H[I CHN?AL; I ALOJI >? M?OM DOLCM>C=CIH;>IM[225] "MM; L?;F
C>;>? ;>?G;CM ] N;G<]G JL?I=OJ;HN? JILKO;HNI IM J;_M?M =CN;>IM ;MMCG

=IGI &ML;?F M[I L?=IHB?=C>IM JIL OG; NL;>C\[I <]FC=; GOCNI JLIJ_=C; Y I=IL
L^H=C; >IM =LCG?M >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1-& ?G<IL; B;D; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>?
GOCNI ?R=?J=CIH;F >? ;JFC=;\[I M?G L?MNLC\d?M JIL JLIPI=;\[I >? CHMN;OL
;\[I >? &HKO]LCNI J?FI -LI=OL;>IL J;L; ;JOL;L =LCG? =IHMN;HN? >I "MN;NONI
JLIPI=;\[I ?MM; ; =;LAI >I IHM?FBI >? 0?AOL;H\; >; ,+2 >? ;=IL>I =IG I
;J_NOFI3&&>;M ;LN;M>;M+;\d?M2HC>;M[226]
!CP?LM;G?HN? >IM NLC<OH;CM ad hoc ; ILN? Ma N?G KO;FC>;>? F?A_
NCG; J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L @;NIM I=ILLC>IM ;JaM MO; ?HNL;>; ?G PCAIL
M?H>I ?MM; =IGJ?N^H=C; complementar Y >IM aLA[IM DOLCM>C=CIH;CM CHN?LHIM
>IM "MN;>IM
-;LN?M ;LN >I "MN;NONI "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M MIG?HN?
B;P?LX =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1-& oKO;H>I >?GIHMNL;>I KO? I "MN;>I H[I ?MN?D;
>CMJIMNI IO H[I ?MN?D; ?G =IH>C\d?M >? F?P;L ; =;IM =LCG?M IO KO? I JLI=?MMI H[I ?MN?D; M?H>I =IH>OTC>I >?
@ILG; CGJ;L=C;F ? N?H>?HN? ; L?;FG?HN? ;JOL;L ? JOHCLp[227] MCAHC@C=;H>I
>CT?L KO? >?P? JL?=?>?L I ?R?L=_=CI >; DOLCM>C\[I ; =IGJLIP;\[I >? KO? I
o"MN;>I =IG DOLCM>C\[I >CL?N; MI<L? I =;MI H[I ; ?R?L=?O IO KO? ;I ?R?L=^
F; >?GIHMNLIO CH?KOCPI=;G?HN? KO? I @?T N[I Ma J;L; JLIN?A?L I ;=OM;>I IO

>;L ; ;J;L^H=C; >? M?LC?>;>? Y CHP?MNCA;\[I IO ;I JLI=?MMI =LCGCH;Fp[228]
=IHM;AL;H>I
M? ;MMCG ; oL?AL; >I ?MAIN;G?HNI >IM JLI=?>CG?HNIM CHN?L
HIM =IGI=IH>C\[IJ;L;KO?M?;<L;;DOLCM>C\[ICHN?LH;=CIH;Fp[229]
JLIJaMCNI >; MOD?C\[I >I L;MCF ;I 1-& >?P?

M? ;=L?M=?L KO? ;
"G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H =IHMNCNO=CIH;FCTIO ; G;N]LC; ;@;MN;H>I
=L_NC=;M @OF=L;>;M H; ;@LIHN; Y MI<?L;HC; H;=CIH;F %ID? =IG I ;=L]M=CGI >I

g I ;I ;LN I >; # JIL @IL\; >; "G?H>; MOJL;=CN;>; oI L;MCF M? MO<
G?N? Y DOLCM>C\[I >? 1LC<OH;F -?H;F &HN?LH;=CIH;F ; =OD; =LC;\[I N?HB; G;HC
@?MN;>I;>?M[Ip

-;MM;H>I ;AIL; Y =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1-& =IGI ;=CG; DX MOM=CN;>I ?R
CMN?G KO;NLI =;N?AILC;M >? =LCG?M >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >?MM? wLA[I A?HI=_>CI
=LCG?M=IHNL;;BOG;HC>;>? =LCG?M>?AO?LL;?=LCG?M>?;AL?MM[I
, =LCG? >? A?HI=_>CI ?MNX JL?PCMNI HI ;LN I >I "MN;NONI >? @ILG;
JILG?HILCT;>; G;M J?LGCNCH>I
M? JIL @IL\; >I ;LN I >I G?MGI >CJFIG;
KO? ; MM?G<F?C; >IM "MN;>IM

-;LN?M @CR? ?F?G?HNIM =IHMNCNONCPIM >?MM?
=LCG? KO? ;ORCFC;L[I ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I >I 1LC<OH;F H;KOCFI KO? (IH>?L IG
J;L;NI =B;GIO >? OG; oN]=HC=; B?N?LI>IR;p >? >?@CHC\[I >? =LCG?M[230]
!?P?
M? HIN;L KO? =IG I ;>P?HNI >I 1-& ? ?G =IN?DI =IG I !CL?CNI -?H;F
<L;MCF?CLI ?RCMN?G NL^M ?MJ]=C?M >?@CHC>;M >? A?HI=_>CI -LCG?CLI ;KO?F;
>?@CHC>; H; )?C H >? I >? IONO<LI >? NL;N;H>I >? =LCG?
=IGOG "G M?AOH>I GIG?HNI N?L?GIM I =LCG? GCFCN;L >? A?HI=_>CI =;JCN
OF;>I HI ;LN >I -* =IG MO;M J?=OFC;LC>;>?M #CH;FG?HN? =;MI I

=LCG? =IGOG IO GCFCN;L H[I M?D; JLI=?MM;>I ? DOFA;>I ;>?KO;>;G?HN? J?F;
'OMNC\; <L;MCF?CL; =IGOG IO GCFCN;L =IH@ILG? I =;MI CHMN;F;L
M?
X =IG
JF?G?HN;LG?HN? ; DOLCM>C\[I >I 1LC<OH;F -?H;F &HN?LH;=CIH;F @C=;H>I ; ;H
XFCM? N_JC=; ;>MNLCN; H[I ;IM >CJFIG;M J?H;CM H;=CIH;CM G;M ;I ;LN I >I
"MN;NONI>?/IG;
,M =LCG?M =IHNL; ; BOG;HC>;>? ?MN[I ?HOG?L;>IM HI ;LN I ?G

OG NIN;F >? >?T GI>;FC>;>?M =IG N;G<]G ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? @CR;\[I >? ION
L;M GI>;FC>;>?M J?F; MM?G<F?C; >IM "MN;>IM

-;LN?M JIL @IL\; H[I Ma >I ;LN
I G;M N;G<]G ?G @;=? >; JL?PCM[I >; ;F_H?; k >I ;LN I OLCIMI HIN;L
KO? I A?HI=_>CI ] N;G<]G OG =LCG? =IHNL; ; BOG;HC>;>? G;M H[I ?H=?LL;
?MM; =;N?AILC; >? >?FCNIM P?H>I
M? IM C>?;FCT;>IL?M >I "MN;NONI I<LCA;>IM ;
=IGJF?N;L ;M JIMMC<CFC>;>?M J?FI ;LN I "MM?M =LCG?M =IHNL; ; BOG;HC>
;>? GOCNIM >?F?M JL?PCMNIM ?G HILG;M CH=LCGCH;>IL;M >I !CL?CNI CHN?LHI >?
PXLCIM -;_M?M =IGI I =;MI >I BIGC=_>CI ? >; NILNOL; MIG?HN? M?L[I =IHMC>
?L;>IM =IHNL; ; BOG;HC>;>? KO;H>I JL;NC=;>IM HI KO;>LI >? OG ;N;KO?

A?H?L;FCT;>I IO MCMN?GXNC=I =IHNL; OG; JIJOF;\[I =CPCF =IHB?=?H>I
M? ?MM;
=IH>C\[I MMCG I ?RN?LG_HCI ?G G;MM; =IG I @CNI >? ?FCGCH;L OG; ?NHC;
M?LX ?HKO;>L;>I =IGI A?HI=_>CI ?HKO;HNI I BIGC=_>CI ?G G;MM; >?

>?N?LGCH;>; JIJOF;\[I M?G I ZHCGI >? ?RN?LG_HCI >? ?NHC; L?FCAC[I ?N=
M?LXOG=;MI>?BIGC=_>CI=IHNL;;BOG;HC>;>?
+I ;LN I N?GIM IM =LCG?M >? AO?LL; =CH>C>IM ?G ;FAOG;M =;N
?AILC;M <XMC=;M =IGI I =;MI >? PCIF;\d?M AL;P?M YM IHP?H\d?M >? $?H?<L;
>? >? ;AIMNI >? ? IONL;M PCIF;\d?M AL;P?M >;M F?CM ? =IMNOG?M ;JFC=X
P?CM ?G =IH@FCNIM ;LG;>IM CHN?LH;=CIH;CM HI ZG<CNI >I !CL?CNI &HN?LH;=CIH;F
1;G<]G ;KOC JIL @IL\; >I ;LN I J?LGCN?

M? ; >?@CHC\[I >? ?F?G?HNIM >I
=LCG?J?F;MM?G<F?C;>IM"MN;>IM
-;LN?M
+[I BX >?@CHC\[I ?RJL?MM; HI "MN;NONI >I =LCG? >? ;AL?MM[I ; KO;F

@C=IO J;L; GIG?HNI JIMN?LCIL HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN I >I "MN;NONI KO? ;M
MCG >CMJd? O Tribunal poder exercer a sua competncia em relao ao

crime de agresso desde que, nos termos dos artigos 121 e 123, seja
aprovada uma disposio em que se defina o crime e se enunciem as condies em que o Tribunal ter competncia relativamente a este crime. Tal
disposio deve ser compatvel com as disposies pertinentes da Carta das
Naes Unidas
13.3. -IHNIMJIF^GC=IM>I"MN;NONI>?/IG;?GL?F;\[I;I
IL>?H;G?HNIDOL_>C=I<L;MCF?CLI
!; ;HXFCM? >IM PXLCIM >CMJIMCNCPIM >I "MN;NONI >? /IG; ] JIMM_P?F ;
?RNL;\[I >? ;FAOHM JIHNIM CH=IHALO?HN?M =IG I IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I
<L;MCF?CLI CMMI H[I Ma ?G L?F;\[I ;I !CL?CNI JIMCNCP;>I G;M N;G<]G ?G OG
;MJ?=NIJLCH=CJCIFaAC=I
.O;H>I I =IH@LIHNI ?RCMNCL ?G @;=? >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F N?L

M?
X OG; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? CHNL_HM?=; >IM NL;N;>IM "HMCH;

HIM 3;F]LCI
*;TTOIFC KO? ; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? CHNL_HM?=; >IM NL;N;>IM CHN?LH;=CIH;CM
N?G FOA;L oKO;H>I I NL;N;>I ;J?M;L >? @ILG;FG?HN? N?L L?MJ?CN;>I NI>I I
JLI=?>CG?HNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >? =IH=FOM[I ?MN;<?F?=C>I J?FI >CL?CNI CHN?LHI

=IHN]G HILG;M PCIF;>IL;M >? >CMJIMCNCPIM =IHMNCNO=CIH;CM H[I M? =IH
@OH>CH>I =IG ; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? =B;G;>; extrnseca IO formal

N;G<]G =IHB?=C>; =IGI ratificao imperfeita KO? I=ILL? KO;H>I I -L?M
C>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; PCIF;H>I HILG; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >? @OH>;G?HN;F CG
JILNZH=C; J;L; =?F?<L;L NL;N;>IM L;NC@C=; I ;=IL>I M?G I ;MM?HNCG?HNI JL]PCI

>I IHAL?MMI +;=CIH;F I KO? H[I @IC I =;MI >I 1-& =OD; L;NC@C=;\[I M? >?O
?G NIN;F =IH@ILGC>;>? =IG ;M HILG;M =IHMNCNO=CIH;CM >? =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L;
=?F?<L;LNL;N;>IM;LNM CH=& ? CH=3&&& >; #p[231]
"MM; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? CHNL_HM?=; H; PCM[I >I =;LI ;ONIL ]

;J?H;M;J;L?HN? >?P?H>IM?LL?=B;\;>;?GOG;;HXFCM?G;CM>?NC>;
M? ;F?LN;L KO? DX BIOP? G;HC@?MN;\[I
KO;H>I >; L;NC@C=;\[I >I 1L;N;>I J?FI IHMOFNIL 'OL_>C=I >I *CHCMN]LCI >;M
/?F;\d?M "RN?LCIL?M ?G J;L?=?L >;N;>I >? >? D;H?CLI >? <?G =IGI
>I -LI=OL;>IL >; /?Je<FC=; H>L] >? ;LP;FBI /;GIM KO;H>I M? @CLGIO
KO? HI =IH@FCNI ?HNL? HILG;M CHN?LH;=CIH;CM ? CHN?LH;M ?G G;N]LC; >? !CL?CN
IM %OG;HIM BX M?GJL? ; JL?P;F^H=C; >; HILG; KO? @;PIL?\; ; >CAHC>;>? >;

J?MMI; BOG;H; ?HN?H>?H>I
M? H; I=;MC[I KO? I 1L;N;>I @;PIL?=C; ; NI>; ;
BOG;HC>;>? JILN;HNI JL?P;F?=?HN?;I!CL?CNICHN?LHI[232]
NO;FG?HN? HI ?HN;HNI ; >CM=OMM[I ;=?L=; >; JL?P;F^H=C; >I "MN;N
ONI>?/IG;A;HBIO?F?G?HNIM;>C=CIH;CMKO?G?L?=?GM?L?MGCO\;>IM
-IL M? NL;N;L >? OG; ;P?H\; >? !CL?CNIM %OG;HIM ;HN?LCIL ;I ;>
P?HNI >; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H H[I J;MM;H>I JILN;HNI JIL
OG; L;NC@C=;\[I ?MJ?=_@C=; KO? FB? >^ status >? HILG; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F HIM N?L
GIM >I g I >I ;LN I >; # ;M HILG;M >I 1-& ?G JLCG?CL; ;HXFCM? H[I
JI>?LC;G=IHNL;LC;LIN?RNI=IHMNCNO=CIH;F
>?G;CM ?G >? >?T?G<LI >? I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F
JLI@?LCO >?=CM[I KO? CGJOFMCIHIO OG; HIP; PCM[I ;=?L=; >IM NL;N;>IM CHN?L
H;=CIH;CM MI<L? !CL?CNIM %OG;HIM ?G<IL; ;NL?F;>; ;I =;MI ?MJ?=_@C=I >;

JLCM[I =CPCF >I >?JIMCNXLCI CH@C?F -IL G;CILC; >? M?O JF?HI I -L?NaLCI "R=?FMI
;LKOCPIO I /?=OLMI "RNL;IL>CHXLCI /" ? JIL OH;HCGC>;>? H?AIO
JLIPCG?HNI ;I /" KO? >CM=ONC;G ; JLCM[I =CPCF >? ;FC?H;HN? @C>O
=CXLCI CH@C?F NIG;H>I =IGI ;LAOG?HNI ; N?M? ?MJIM;>; J?FI *CHCMNLI $CFG;L
*?H>?M M?AOH>I ; KO;F IM NL;N;>IM ? =IHP?H\d?M CHN?LH;=CIH;CM MI<L?

>CL?CNIM BOG;HIM ; KO? I L;MCF ;>?LCO JIMMO?G OG status MOJL;F?A;F

JIL]G ;>GCNCH>I ; BCJaN?M? >I H_P?F =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >?F;M KO;H>I L;NC@C=;
>IMJ?FI IHAL?MMI>?;=IL>I=IG;" g I >I;LN I >; #
, "MN;NONI >? /IG; HIN?

M? @IC L;NC@C=;>I ;HN?M >; " H
JILN;HNI M?G J;MM;L J?F; ;JLIP;\[I ?MJ?=_@C=; >I ;LN I g I >; # JI
>?H>I M?L ?GJL?A;>I ; ?F? I G?MGI ;LAOG?HNI >; >?=CM[I >; ILN? *;CIL
HI =;MI ;=CG; H;LL;>I IO M?D; ; >?@?M; >? KO? ?F? JIMMOC @IL\; MOJL;F?A;F
JIL]G CH@L;=IHMNCNO=CIH;F >? MILN? KO? H[I JI>?LC; =IHNL;LC;L ; IHMNCNO
C\[I#?>?L;F
1I>;PC; ;MMCMN? L;T[I ; 3;F]LCI *;TTOIFC ;I JIMNOF;L OG; >C@?L?H
=C;\[I >IM NL;N;>IM CHN?LH;=CIH;CM =IHMC>?L;>IM G;N?LC;FG?HN? =IHMNCNO=CIH
;CM ? @ILG;FG?HN? =IHMNCNO=CIH;CM -;L; I >CF?NI ;ONIL G?MGI ;HN?M >; " H
; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F DX L?=?J=CIH;P; IM NL;N;>IM CHN?LH;=CIH;CM
MI<L? !CL?CNIM %OG;HIM =IG OG; @IL\; MO<MN;H=C;F G;N?LC;F >? HILG; =IH
MNCNO=CIH;F CMMI JIL JL?PCM[I >I ;LN I g I ;GJFC;H>I I o<FI=I >? =IH
MNCNO=CIH;FC>;>?p >; )?C *;CIL[233] +?MM? =IHN?RNI ; HIP?F JL?PCM[I >I
;LN I g I >; # <OM=;LC; ;J?H;M NL;T?L I status >? @ILG;FG?HN? =IH
MNCNO=CIH;F J;L; I NL;N;>I JILKO;HNI ;JLIP;>I >? @ILG; MCGCF;L ;I >;

"G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F MMCG I "MN;NONI >? /IG; =IGI ;CH>; H[I @ILG;F
G?HN? =IHMNCNO=CIH;F JI>?LC; MOD?CN;L

M? Y >?HeH=C; JLaJLC; >IM NL;N;>IM CH
N?LH;=CIH;CM M?G KO? CMMI HI ?HN;HNI JO>?MM? L?>OH>;L ?G L?MJIHM;<CFCT;
\[I >I -L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; -IL IONLI <IL>I =IGI =IHMCMN? ?G HILG;
=IHMNCNO=CIH;F >?M>? =IG ; L;NC@C=;\[I J?FI L;MCF HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN
I g I >; # H[I JI>? M?L CHN?LJL?N;>I =IGI ;@LIHN;>IL >I MCMN?G; =IH
MNCNO=CIH;F G;M J;LN? >?F? ;F;LA;H>I I =B;G;>I o<FI=I >? =IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>
;>?p;KO?M?L?@?LCO*;TTOIFC
F;LI KO? M? JI>?LC; ;>OTCL KO? ;I JL?P?L JIL ?R?GJFI ; JLCM[I

J?LJ]NO; I "MN;NONI >? /IG; ?MN;LC; MOJLCGCH>I OG >CL?CNI @OH>;G?HN;F
JILN;HNI CGJIMM_P?F MO<MCMNCL ?G @;=? >; L?AL; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F KO? P?>; ?MM;
J?H; ;CH>; KO? M? N?HB; OG; PCM[I G;N?LC;F >? =IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? OG; P?T
KO? I ;LN g I >; # P?>;LC; ?MM; MOJL?MM[I +I ?HN;HNI ;I ;H;FCM;L I
"MN;NONI >? /IG; >?P?
M? N?L ?G G?HN? JLCH=_JCIM ;NL?F;>IM ;IM !CL?CNIM

%OG;HIM ? ;I !CL?CNI &HN?LH;=CIH;F ? H[I OG; FaAC=; DOL_>C=; CHN?LH;

+?MM? JLIJaMCNI L?JCN;
M? I KO? M? @CLGIO KO;H>I >; L;NC@C=;\[I >I "MN;NONI
>? /IG; ?HN?H>?H>I
M? KO? HI =IH@FCNI ?HNL? HILG;M CHN?LH;=CIH;CM ? CH
N?LH;M ?G G;N]LC; >? !CL?CNIM %OG;HIM BX M?GJL? ; JL?P;F^H=C; >; HILG;

KO? @;PIL?\; ; >CAHC>;>? >; J?MMI; BOG;H; ?HN?H>?H>I
M? H; I=;MC[I KO?
I 1L;N;>I @;PIL?=C; ; NI>; ; BOG;HC>;>? MMCG ;=?CN;L I "MN;NONI >? /IG;
H[I MCAHC@C=; MOJL?MM[I >? >CL?CNI @OH>;G?HN;F >? OG; J?MMI; G;M MCG OG
;=L]M=CGI JLIN?=CIHCMN; >; >CAHC>;>? >; J?MMI; BOG;H; KO? @;PIL?=? H[I
MaICH>CP_>OI G;M;NI>;;%OG;HC>;>?
3?D;GIM ?HN[I ;FAOG;M >;M ;J;L?HN?M ;HNCHIGC;M >I "MN;NONI >?

/IG; =IG ; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F <OM=;H>I JIHNO;FG?HN? >CMJIL ;M PCMd?M
;=?L=;>I;MMOHNI
13.3.1. -,/,0&!!"!,01&-,0-"+&0"*# "!1V +& %"1"/,
,
!,5/1
,M NCJIM J?H;CM =IHMN;HN?M >I "MN;NONI >? /IG; ?G L;T[I >; JL?
PCM[I >I ;LN I >I G?MGI >CJFIG; JIMMO?G ; =B;G;>; oN]=HC=; B?N?LI
>IR;p >? >?@CHC\[I >? =LCG?M J?LGCNCH>I KO? IM ?F?G?HNIM =IHMNCNONCPIM >IM
=LCG?M KO? ;ORCFC;L[I I 1LC<OH;F ; CHN?LJL?N;L ? ; ;JFC=;L IM ;LNCAIM KO?

NL;T?G IM NCJIM J?H;CM M?D;G ;>IN;>IM JIL OG; G;CILC; >? >ICM N?L\IM >IM
G?G<LIM>;MM?G<F?C;>IM"MN;>IM
-;LN?M
"G JLCG?CL; ;HXFCM? N;F JIMMC<CFC>;>? @?L? I JLCH=_JCI >; F?A;FC>;>?
?G MO; ;=?J\[I >? ?RCA^H=C; >? OG; F?C ?MNLCN; @OACH>I Y N;R;NCPC>;>? H?
=?MMXLC;H;>?M=LC\[I>IMNCJIMJ?H;CM
1I>;PC; M? N;CM ?F?G?HNIM @IL?G JL?PC;G?HN? =IHMNCNO_>IM
?PCN;H>I
M? ; CHM?AOL;H\; H; >?M=LC\[I N_JC=; ? A;L;HNCH>I
M? MO; ;HN?LCILC>
;>? ;I @;NI MO<MOGC>I ?HN?H>?GIM =IGI J?L@?CN;G?HN? JIMM_P?F I ;LNC@_=CI

?G;HXFCM? H[IB;P?H>IF?M[I;IJLCH=_JCI>;F?A;FC>;>?
3.3.2. "5 "Ul"0,-/&+ v-&,! ,&0'2)$!

0I< ; LO<LC=; ne bis in idem I ;LN >I "MN;NONI >? /IG; ?M
N;<?F?=? KO? M;FPI >CMJIMC\[I =IHNLXLC; >I JLaJLCI "MN;NONI oH?HBOG; J?MM
I; JI>?LX M?L DOFA;>; J?FI 1LC<OH;F JIL ;NIM =IHMNCNONCPIM >? =LCG?M J?FIM
KO;CM ?MN? DX ; N?HB; =IH>?H;>I IO ;<MIFPC>Ip ? KO? H?HBOG; oJ?MMI;
JI>?LX M?L DOFA;>; JIL IONLI NLC<OH;F JIL OG =LCG? G?H=CIH;>I HI ;LNCAI
I L?F;NCP;G?HN? ;I KO;F DX N?HB; MC>I =IH>?H;>; IO ;<MIFPC>; J?FI
1LC<OH;Fp @CLG;H>I
M? ;MMCG I JLCH=_JCI >? H[I F?M[I Y =ICM; DOFA;>; J?FI
1LC<OH;F-?H;F&HN?LH;=CIH;F
+I KO? M? L?@?L? ;I DOFA;G?HNI JL?=?>?HN? JIL IONL; =ILN? HI ?HN
;HNI I G?MGI ;LNCAI >CMJd? KO? I 1-& H[I JI>?LX DOFA;L OG; J?MMI; KO? DX
N?HB; MC>I DOFA;>; JIL IONLI NLC<OH;F JIL ;NIM N;G<]G JOHC>IM J?FIM ;LNM
I I IO I ; G?HIM KO? I JLI=?MMI H?MM? IONLI NLC<OH;F N?HB; NC>I JIL I<
D?NCPI MO<NL;CL I ;=OM;>I Y MO; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? =LCGCH;F JIL =LCG?M >; =IG
J?N^H=C; >I 1LC<OH;F IO H[I N?HB; MC>I =IH>OTC>I >? @ILG; CH>?J?H>?HN?
IO CGJ;L=C;F ?G =IH@ILGC>;>? =IG ;M A;L;HNC;M >? OG JLI=?MMI ?KOCN;NCPI
L?=IHB?=C>;M J?FI !CL?CNI &HN?LH;=CIH;F IO N?HB; MC>I =IH>OTC>I >? OG;
G;H?CL; KO? HI =;MI =IH=L?NI L?P?F?
M? CH=IGJ;N_P?F =IG ; CHN?H\[I >?
MO<G?N?L;J?MMI;Y;\[I>;DOMNC\;
.O?MNCIH;
M? JILN;HNI M? BX F?M[I ;I JL?PCMNI HI ;LN I 5553&
>; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F KO? P?>; ?RJL?MM;G?HN? ; F?M[I >; F?C Y =ICM;
DOFA;>;
"G JLCG?CLI JF;HI >?@?H>?
M? ; JL?P;F^H=C; >I "MN;NONI >? /IG;
?G HIG? >I JL?MN_ACI Y HILG; @;PIL?=?>IL; >; >CAHC>;>? >; J?MMI; BO
G;H; =IH@ILG?DX?RJIMNI
IHNO>I BX IONLI @ILN? ;LAOG?HNI J;L; ; JL?P;F^H=C; >I "MN;NONI
GOCNI <?G MCHN?NCT;>I JIL (IH>?L IGJ;L;NI 0?AOH>I ?MM? ;ONIL ;M o?R
=?\d?M ;I JLCH=_JCI >; =ICM; DOFA;>; ?MN;<?F?=C>;M HI ;LN >I "MN;NONI

DOMNC@C=;G
M? JF?H;G?HN? JICM ?F;M >CT?G L?MJ?CNI ; MCNO;\d?M ?G KO? ; =ICM;
DOFA;>; HI L;MCF ?MN;LC; PC=C;>; J?FI @;NI >? I JLI=?MMI
=LCG? N?L MC>I L?;FCT
;>IHICHNOCNI>?@L;O>;L;;JFC=;\[I>I"MN;NONI?GL?F;\[I;IL]Op[234]

IG ?@?CNI M? ; DOLCM>C\[I >I 1-& MOLA? DOMN;G?HN? >? @ILG; =IG
JF?G?HN;L m ? H[I MO<MC>CXLC; m M?LC; CH=IHALO?HN? MOMN?HN;L KO? MO; ;NO
;\[I ?MN;LC; FCGCN;>; Y ?RCMN^H=C; >? OG DOFA;G?HNI H; IL>?G CHN?LH; ;CH>;

KO? MCAHC@C=;MM? ?F? OG; <OLF; OG MCGJF?M DOFA;G?HNI >? @;=B;>; J;L; KO?
M? ;@;MN;MM? ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; -?H;F &HN?LH;=CIH;F !?P?
M? M?GJL?
N?L ?G G?HN? KO? IM =LCG?M >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1-& H[I L;L;G?HN? ;MMCG
>?GIHMNL; ; BCMNaLC; M[I JL;NC=;>IM JIL J?MMI;M =IG ;M=?H>^H=C; JIF_NC=I
;>GCHCMNL;NCP; ?G M?OM "MN;>IM H;=CIH;CM MI<L? ;M KO;CM M?LC; GOCNI >C@_=CF

H; aL<CN; CHN?LH; >IM "MN;>IM F;H\;L OG DOFA;G?HNI ?M=ILL?CNI IG I 1-&
KO? =IGI DX PCGIM ;I NL;N;L >; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F ?G L?F;\[I YM J?MMI;M
H[I L?=IHB?=? ;M CGOHC>;>?M BX ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? DOFA;G?HNI >?MM; J?MM
I; G?MGI KO? DX N?HB; MC>I DOFA;>; ?G M?O J;_M >? ILCA?G +?A;L ?MM; L?;F
C>;>? ?G=?LN;G?>C>; M?LC;H?A;LIJLaJLCIo?MJ_LCNIp>I1-&
13.3.3. &*-/"0 /&1&&)&!!"!,0!")&1,0/+$&!,0-") ,*
-"1t+ &!,1-&
, ;LN >I "MN;NONI >? /IG; >CMJd? KO? IM o=LCG?M >; =IGJ?N^H
=C; >I 1LC<OH;F H[I JL?M=L?P?Gp CGJILN;H>I G;CM OG; P?T ?G ;HNCHIGC;
;I >CMJIMNI HIM CH=CMIM 5)&& ? 5)&3 >I ;LN I >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F 0?
AOH>I ?MM?M >CMJIMCNCPIM HI IL>?H;G?HNI <L;MCF?CLI ;J?H;M I L;=CMGI ? ;

;\[I >? ALOJIM ;LG;>IM =CPCM IO GCFCN;L?M =IHNL; ; IL>?G =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ? I
"MN;>I !?GI=LXNC=I M[I =LCG?M CGJL?M=LCN_P?CM =IH@CAOL;H>I
M? NI>;M ;M >?
G;CM CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM CH=FOMCP? IM =LCG?M B?>CIH>IM ?G @;NIM KO? JI>?G

M?L;F=;H\;>IMJ?F;JL?M=LC\[I
&HC=C?GIM =IG ; PCM[I >? (IH>?L IGJ;L;NI ;=?L=; >I ;MMOHNI
-;L; ?F? o>?P?
M? F?G<L;L KO? ; JLaJLC; IHMNCNOC\[I ;<L? ?R=?\d?M Y L?AL;
A?L;F >; JL?M=LC\[I J?H;F ?G L?F;\[I ;IM =LCG?M >? L;=CMGI ? >? ;\[I >?
ALOJIM ;LG;>IM =CPCM IO GCFCN;L?M =IHNL; ; IL>?G =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ? I "MN;>I
>?GI=LXNC=I ;LN I 5)&& ? 5)&3 +[I @;LC; M?HNC>I MOMN?HN;L KO? N;CM
=LCG?M M?LC;G G?HIM AL;P?M KO? IM >?@CHC>IM HI "MN;NONI >? GI>I ; M? L?
=OM;L ?GL?F;\[I;?F?M ;L?AL;>;CGJL?M=LCNC<CFC>;>?p[235]

-?>?
M? P^HC; J;L; >CM=IL>;L >?MM; =IHMNLO\[I CGJL?M=LCNC<CFC>
;>? >IM =LCG?M >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1-& >?P? M?L ;=?CN; H[I JIL OG; KO?MN[I
CHN?LH; >I IL>?H;G?HNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ?HN?H>?H>I
M? KO? ; IHMNCNOC\[I
H[I JLI_<? ; CGJL?M=LCNC<CFC>;>? >? IONLIM =LCG?M G;M ?G L;T[I >? ?MM?
G;H>;G?HNIM?L>CL?=CIH;>IYIL>?GDOL_>C=;CHN?LH; ?H[IY?RN?LH;
CGJL?M=LCNC<CFC>;>? >? ;J?H;M >ICM =LCG?M H; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L
;F >? @;NI H[I @;T M?HNC>I JICM >?CR; IONLIM >?FCNIM GOCNI G;CM AL;P?M @IL;
>?MM; L?AL; =IGI HI =;MI >IM =LCG?M B?>CIH>IM IO ?KOCJ;L;>IM m =IGI
?R?GJFI HIN?
M? KO? HI =IHN?RNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ] JCIL JL;NC=;L L;=CMGI >I
KO? G;N;L ;FAO]G JIL GINCPI @eNCF ?G L;T[I >? MO; =IL ? H?G JIL CMMI M? >?
@?H>? P??G?HN?G?HN? ; CGJL?M=LCNC<CFC>;>? >?MM? ? >? IONLIM =LCG?M B?>CIH
>IM +I ?HN;HNI NL;N;

M? >? OG; IJ\[I >I F?ACMF;>IL =IHMNCNOCHN? ILCACHXLCI
KO? H[I >INIO IONLIM =LCG?M >; CGJL?M=LCNC<CFC>;>? ? =IGI N;F H; IL>?G CH
N?LH; >?P?M?LL?MJ?CN;>;
1I>;PC; ?MM? G;H>;G?HNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F m oNI>IM IM =LCG?M JL?
M=L?P?G ?R=?NI I L;=CMGI ? ; ;\[I >? ALOJIM ;LG;>IM =CPCM IO GCFCN;L?M
=IHNL; ; IL>?G >?GI=LXNC=; ? I "MN;>I >? !CL?CNIp m ] >CL?=CIH;>I ;I F?ACM
F;>IL <L;MCF?CLI H[I ;F=;H\;H>I >CJFIG;M ;@?NIM Y 'OMNC\; -?H;F &HN?LH;=CIH
;F =IGII]I"MN;NONI>?/IG;
*;CM OG; P?T JIL @CG >?P?

M? F?G<L;L ;KOC KO? H[I M? MOJLCG?
OG >CL?CNI @OH>;G?HN;F >? JL?M=LCNC<CFC>;>? >IM >?G;CM >?FCNIM ? MCG
A;L;HN?
M? OG >CL?CNI Y BOG;HC>;>? >? P?L M?OM ;FAIT?M L?MJIHM;<CFCT;>IM
CH>?J?H>?HN?G?HN? >I N?GJI >?=ILLC>I ?HNL? I @;NI ? ; ?@?NCP;\[I >I
DOFA;G?HNI
13.3.4"+1/"$!"+ &,+&0"* ,+1/-,0&Uk,j3"!Uk,!""5
1/!&Uk,!"/0&)"&/,0+1,0
+IM N?LGIM >I H >I ;LN >I "MN;NONI ?RJ?>C>I I G;H>;>I >?
>?N?H\[I oI 1LC<OH;F JI>?LX MIFC=CN;L ; JLCM[I JL?P?HNCP; IO ; >?N?H\[I ? ?H
NL?A; >; J?MMI; ?G =IH@ILGC>;>? =IG I >CMJIMNI H; -;LN? &5p >I "MN;NONI

@CLG;H>I
M? ;MMCG ; ?HNL?A; >? J?MMI; J;L; M?L MO<G?NC>; ;I JLI=?MMI >I
1-&
, JLI<F?G; MOLACLX M? ?MM; J?MMI; NL;N;L

M? >? OG <L;MCF?CLI H;NI
OG; P?T KO? I CH=CMI )& >I ;LN I >; # >CMJd? KO? oH?HBOG <L;MCF?CLI M?LX
?RNL;>CN;>I M;FPI I H;NOL;FCT;>I ?G =;MI >? =LCG? =IGOG JL;NC=;>I ;HN?M
>; H;NOL;FCT;\[I IO >? =IGJLIP;>I ?HPIFPCG?HNI ?G NLX@C=I CF_=CNI >? ?HNIL
J?=?HN?M?>LIA;M;@CHM H;@ILG;>;F?Cp
"G L?MOGI P?>;

M? >? @ILG; ;<MIFON; ; ?RNL;>C\[I >? <L;MCF?CLI
H;NI >? GI>I KO? M? KO?MNCIH; ; =IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >; ?HNL?A; >I
<L;MCF?CLIH;NIJ;L;M?LMO<G?NC>I;JLI=?MMIHI1-&
"MM? >CMJIMCNCPI H; HIMM; =IGJL??HM[I ] =IHMNCNO=CIH;F J;LNCH>I
M? >; >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? ; ?RNL;>C\[I ? ; ?HNL?A; >? H;=CIH;CM NL;TC>; J?FI

JLaJLCI "MN;NONI HI ;LN 0?AOH>I I >CMJIMCNCPI =CN;>I ; o?HNL?A;p =IG
JL??H>? ; ?HNL?A; >? OG; J?MMI; JIL OG "MN;>I ;I 1LC<OH;F HIM N?LGIM >I
"MN;NONI ?HKO;HNI JIL o?RNL;>C\[Ip ?HN?H>?
M? ; ?HNL?A; >? OG; J?MMI; JIL
OG "MN;>I ; IONLI "MN;>I =IH@ILG? JL?PCMNI ?G OG NL;N;>I ?G OG; =IH
P?H\[IIOHI!CL?CNICHN?LHI
13.3.5 ,*&+Uk,!"-"+!"-/&0k,-"/-V12
0?AOH>I I ;LN >I "MN;NONI I 1LC<OH;F JI>? CGJIL Y J?MMI; =IH
>?H;>; JIL OG >IM =LCG?M JL?PCMNIM HI ;LN I ; J?H; >? JLCM[I J?LJ]NO; M?
I ?F?P;>I AL;O >? CFC=CNO>? >I @;NI ? ;M =IH>C\d?M J?MMI;CM >I =IH>?H;>I I
DOMNC@C=;L?G
0OLA? JILN;HNI G;CM OG; ;J;L?HN? ;HNCHIGC; ?HNL? I "MN;NONI ? ;

;F_H?; b >I CH=CMI 5)3&& >I ;LN I >; # KO? P?>; ; ;JFC=;\[I >? J?H; >?
=;LXN?LJ?LJ]NOI
-;L; (IH>?L IGJ;L;NI ; HILG; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >?P?LX M?L CHN?L
JL?N;>; HIM M?OM DOMNIM N?LGIM IO M?D; ;JFC=;H>I

M? ;J?H;M HI IL>?H;
G?HNIDOL_>C=IJXNLCI[236]

+; G?MG; FCHB; 0SFPC; 0N?CH?L MOMN?HN; KO? o=IACN;L

M? >; BCJaN?M?
>? KO? ; P?>;\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >CLCA?
M? ;J?H;M ;I F?ACMF;>IL CHN?LHI H[I
CGJ?>CH>I ;MMCG ; MO<GCMM[I >I J;_M ? >? M?OM H;=CIH;CM YM JL?PCMd?M >?
OG; ILN? MOJL;H;=CIH;F H[I ] >? M?L ;@;MN;>I >? JF;HI M HILG;M >?
!CL?CNI -?H;F >; IHMNCNOC\[I L?AOF;G I MCMN?G; JOHCNCPI CHN?LHI ![I ; ?R
;N; G?>C>; >I KO? I =IHMNCNOCHN? P^ =IGI DOMN; L?NLC<OC\[I +[I M? JLID?N;
;MMCG J;L; IONLIM MCMN?G;M J?H;CM ;IM KO;CM I J;_M M? PCH=OF? JIL @IL\; >?
=IGJLIGCMMIM CHN?LH;=CIH;CM +?MM? M?HNC>I P?G M? JIMC=CIH;H>I ; 0OJL?G;
ILN? >?@?LCH>I ; ?RNL;>C\[I >? J?MMI;M J;L; "MN;>IM L?KO?L?HN?M IH>? ?MNX
JL?PCMN; ; J?H; >? JLCM[I J?LJ]NO; >?G;CM HIMM; IHMNCNOC\[I JL?P^ J?H;
>? GILN? J;L; =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M =IG?NC>IM ?G N?GJI >? AO?LL; "MM; >CM
JIMC\[I >?CR; ?HNL?P?L KO? J;L; =LCG?M >? G;CIL AL;PC>;>? JI>?
M? ;JFC=;L
J?H; GOCNI G;CM AL;P? KO? ; JL?PCMN; HI "MN;NONI >I 1-& KO? =IHN]G CH=FOM
CP? @CAOL;M J?H;CM M?G?FB;HN?M YM JL?PCMN;M ?G HIMMI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?

J;L;;MKO;CMJI>?
M?;JFC=;L;J?H;=;JCN;Fp[237]
1;G<]G ?MM; ] ; ;<;FCT;>; PCM[I >? 3;F]LCI *;TTOIFC =IG ; KO;F
=IH=IL>;GIM )?G<L; I ;ONIL KO? ; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F J?LGCN? ;N]
G?MGI ; J?H; >? GILN? ?G =;MI >? AO?LL; >?=F;L;>; P?>;H>I ?G ;<MIFONI ;
J?H; >? JLCM[I J?LJ]NO; ?G G;CM OG; CH=IHALO^H=C; HI <IDI >; )?C *;CIL ?
J;L; ;@;MN;L ; P?>;\[I >; JLCM[I J?LJ]NO; HIM DOFA;G?HNIM >I 1-& =IHMCAH;
KO? I o0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F H[I N?G NC>I H?HBOG JLI<F?G; ?G ;ONIL
CT;L ; ?RNL;>C\d?M J;L; J;_M?M IH>? ?RCMN? ; J?H; >? JLCM[I J?LJ]NO; ?G L?
F;\[I ;IM =LCG?M CGJON;>IM ;IM ?RNL;>CN;>IM G?MGI KO;H>I I L]O =ILL? I
LCM=I ?@?NCPI >? M?L JL?MI JIL ?MN; GI>;FC>;>? >? J?H; IGI >?MN;=;
;=B;JOT >? *?>?CLIM ?HN?H>? qI JL?NaLCI ?R=?FMI KO? ; ?M@?L; >? HIMM; F?C
J?H;F ] CHN?LH; 0? MIGIM <?H?PIF?HN?M =IG qHIMMIM >?FCHKO?HN?Mr CMMI Ma >CT
<?G =IG IM M?HNCG?HNIM >IM <L;MCF?CLIM +[I JI>?GIM CGJIL I G?MGI NCJI
>? q<?H?PIF^H=C;r ;IM -;_M?M ?MNL;HA?CLIMrp[238] =F;LI N;G<]G =IG
JF?N;GIM H[I M? JI>? ?RCACL ; G?MG; o<?H?PIF^H=C;p G?H=CIH;>; JIL

;=B;JOT >? *?>?CLIM J?F; ;AO\;>; J?H; >? *;TTOIFC >? OG aLA[I MOJL;
H;=CIH;F =IGI I ] I 1-& , G?MGI ;ONIL F?G<L; KO? ;N] HIM =;MIM >? =IGCH
;\[I Y J?H; >? GILN? HI J;_M ?MNL;HA?CLI I 01# GO>;H>I MO; ;HN?LCIL PCM[I
KO? ?RCAC; ; =IGON;\[I ?G J?H; >? JLCM[I J?LJ]NO; J;L; ?RNL;>CN;L J;MMIO ;

;>GCNCL ; ?RNL;>C\[I M?G ?MM; ?RCA^H=C; I KO? M? HINIO ; J;LNCL >I -LI=?MMI
>? "RNL;>C\[I H DOFA;>I ?G >? M?N?G<LI >? =;MI /OMM?F
4?CMM?[239]
IH=FOC
M? JILN;HNI KO? ; P?>;\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F Y J?H; >? JLCM[I
J?LJ]NO; L?MNLCHA?
M? ; =IG;H>I >? IL>?G CHN?LH; ; PCH=OF;L I F?ACMF;>IL
<L;MCF?CLI H[I ;F=;H\;H>I F?ACMF;>IL?M ?MNL;HA?CLIM H?G oF?ACMF;>IL?M CHN?L
H;=CIH;CM KO? ; ?R?GJFI >; IGCMM[I >? !CL?CNI &HN?LH;=CIH;F >;M +;\d?M
2HC>;M NL;<;FB;G LOGI Y =IHMNLO\[I >I MCMN?G; DOL_>C=I CHN?LH;=CIH
;Fp[240]
13.4. LCG?GCFCN;L?;=IGJ?N^H=C;>I1-&
-?FI KO? @IC MO=CHN;G?HN? ;>OTC>I JI>?
M? HIN;L KO? ?G @;=? >?
OG; =IH>ON; MOJIMN;G?HN? =;JCNOF;>; =IGI =LCG? GCFCN;L ? ;I G?MGI
N?GJI J;MM_P?F >? ?HKO;>L;G?HNI H;M ?MJ]=C?M >I ;LN I >I "MN;NONI JIL
G?HILCT;>I J?FIM ;LNM I I ? I >I G?MGI >CJFIG; ; =IGJ?N^H=C; CHC
=C;FG?HN? M?LX >I aLA[I DOLCM>C=CIH;F CHN?LHI 0IG?HN? M? I L;MCF =IGI

"MN;>I
-;LN? H[I ?MNCP?L >CMJIMNI ; F?P;L ; <IG N?LGI ; CHP?MNCA;\[I JLI
=?MMI ? DOFA;G?HNI >IM =LCG?M IO H[I ?MNCP?L ?G =IH>C\d?M >? @;T^

FI IO M?
I JLI=?MMI H[I ?MNCP?L M?H>I =IH>OTC>I >? @ILG; CGJ;L=C;F ? N?H>?HN? ; L?;F
G?HN?;JOL;L?JOHCL CHMN;F;L
M?
X;=IGJ?N^H=C;>I1-&
+?=?MMXLCI KO? M?D; >CNI KO? ; C>?C; ;KOC F;H\;>; N?G =OHBI N?aLC=I
H[I B;P?H>I MCHAOF;L =;MI >? =LCG? GCFCN;L N;G<]G >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1-&
DOFA;>I JIL ;KO?F? wLA[I G?MGI JILKO? ?G @;=? >I KO? M? HIN; H; ;NO;\[I
>;M 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M H[I B;P?LX L;T[I J;L; KO? ; DOLCM>C\[I =IGJF?G?HN;L
NIG?=ILJI
DO FATO PUNVEL
1. DOGMTICA PENAL
, >?NC>I ?MNO>I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F ? JIL =IHM?AOCHN? >I !CL?CNI -?H
;F *CFCN;L L?KO?L ?G JLCG?CLI JF;HI I =IHB?=CG?HNI >; F?C =;MNL?HM? =IG NI
>;M ;M MO;M HO;H\;M ,=ILL? ?HNL?N;HNI KO? =IGI L?AL; IM >CMJIMCNCPIM F?
A;CM =IH>?HM;G J;F;PL;M KO? ?RCA?G ?M@IL\I CHN?LJL?N;NCPI ? G;CM ;CH>;

P?L>;>?CL;M =IHMNLO\d?M >IONLCHXLC;M ; @CG >? KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F ;NCHD; M?O
@CGJL?=_JOI
!IM ?MNO>IM CH=;HMXP?CM G;HC@?MN;G

M? JLI<F?G;M ; M?L =IHN?G
JILCT;>IM MIFO=CIH;>IM MOLACH>I JICM ; >IAGXNC=; J?H;F KO? >?P? ?G

MOG; <OM=;L;G?FBILMIFO\[IJ;L;IMJLI<F?G;M>;=C^H=C;J?H;F
IG ; G;?MNLC; KO? FB? ] J?=OFC;L 'O;L?T CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM L?ACM
NL; ;>?G;CM ; CHN?L;\[I ?HNL? >IAGXNC=; J?H;F ? JIF_NC=; =LCGCH;F ;I ;@CLG;L

KO? o>IAGXNC=; J?H;F ] ; MCMN?G;NCT;\[I >? =IH=?CNIM ?RNL;_>IM >? OG JLI
AL;G; >? JIF_NC=; =LCGCH;F @ILG;FCT;>I ?G F?C ? NI>I JLIAL;G; F?ACMF;>I >?
JIF_NC=; =LCGCH;F >?J?H>? >? OG; >IAGXNC=; ?MJ?=_@C=; J;L; L;=CIH;FCT;L ?
>CM=CJFCH;LMO;;JFC=;\[Ip[241]

2. MODELOS PENAIS
-;MM;L?GIM ;AIL; ; G?LAOFB;L H; N?ILC; >I >?FCNI @OH>;G?HN;F
J;L;;=IGJL??HM[I;>?KO;>;>I!CL?CNI-?H;F=IGIOGNI>I
&HC=C;L?GIM ?M=F;L?=?H>I KO? H[I ] N?=HC=;G?HN? ;>?KO;>; ; ONCFCT
;\[I >; ?RJL?MM[I oMCMN?G;M J?H;CMp J;L; >?MCAH;L ;M P?LN?HN?M >IAGXNC=;M

KO? ?MNO>;L;G IM ?F?G?HNIM IHNIFaAC=IM >I >?FCNI L;T[I J?F; KO;F
?HN?H>?GIM NL;N;L
M? >? oGI>?FIM J?H;CMp[242] NL;>OTCH>I ?MM; ?RJL?MM[I
;M @;M?M[243] >I ?MNO>I ;GCe>? >I @;NI =LCGCHIMI >?M?HPIFP?H>I M?O =IH
=?CNI;H;F_NC=I
, GINCPI J;L; ;@;MN;L I ?GJL?AI >; J;F;PL; oMCMN?G;p ?MNX HI ?H
N?H>CG?HNI >? KO? I M?O MCAHC@C=;>I ] GOCNI G;CM ;<L;HA?HN? KO? I MCGJF?M
?MNO>I >; N?ILC; A?L;F >I =LCG? =IH=FOM[I KO? M? ?PC>?H=C; GOCNI <?G H;M
J;F;PL;M >? -C?L;HA?FC ? 7;@@;LIHC KO? =IG GOCN; JLI@C=C^H=C; =B;G;G >?
MCMN?G; J?H;F I o=IHNLIF? MI=C;F JOHCNCPI CHMNCNO=CIH;FCT;>I KO? H; JLXNC=;
;<;L=; ; J;LNCL >? KO;H>I M? >?N?=N; IO MOJd? >?N?=N;L
M? OG; MOMJ?CN; >?
>?FCNI ;N] KO? M? CGJd? ? ?R?=ON; OG; J?H; JL?MMOJIH>I OG; ;NCPC>;>?
HILG;NCP; KO? =LC; ; F?C KO? CHMNCNO=CIH;FCT; I JLI=?>CG?HNI Y ;NO;\[I >IM
@OH=CIHXLCIM ? >?@CH? IM =;MIM ? =IH>C\d?M J;L; ?MN; ;NO;\[Ip[244] !? NI>;

@ILG; ; J;F;PL; oMCMN?G;p =IGI MCHbHCGI >? OG GI>?FI J?H;F N?G MC>I
?GJL?A;>; =IG @L?KO^H=C; >? MILN? KO? H[I HIM >?N?L?GIM H; >C@?L?H=C;\[I
?R;N; >IM N?LGIM J?LGCNCH>I
HIM OMX
FIM CH>CMNCHN;G?HN? P A oGI>?FI @C
H;FCMN;pIOoMCMN?G;@CH;FCMN;p
!?MM? GI>I CL?GIM ;H;FCM;L H?MN? =;J_NOFI ; PCM[I >? >?FCNI >IM
JLCH=CJ;CM GI>?FIM J?H;CM I KO? L?KO?L =IH=?CNO;\[I JL?FCGCH;L M?AOCH>I ;
FCHB; >C>XNC=; >IGCH;HN? H; >IONLCH; JXNLC; >? =LCG? MI?=LCG?

!?P?
M? N?L ?G G?HN? =IGI JL?GCMM; @OH>;G?HN;F KO? ; F?ACM
F;\[I J?H;F ?G M?O NI>I H[I =IH=?CNO; =LCG? N;L?@; KO? @C=; ; =;LAI >;
>IONLCH;J?H;F
1L^M PCMd?M JICM ILC?HN;G ; >?@CHC\[I >? =LCG? ; @ILG;F ; G;N?LC
;F?;;H;F_NC=;
2.1.1. #,/*)
0OLA? >I =IH@LIHNI JOLI ? MCGJF?M >; =IH>ON; L?;F ? >; HILG; CH
=LCGCH;>IL; <;MN;H>I >CT?L KO? =LCG? ] NI>; ? KO;FKO?L PCIF;\[I L?ACMNL;>;

J?F;F?CJ?H;F ;KO?M?CGJd?J?H;
,<PC;G?HN? ; =IH=?CNO;\[I ;JL?M?HN;>; CAHIL; I MCMN?G; PCA?HN?

HI L;MCF ?G KO? ;M CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM JI>?G M?L >? >O;M IL>?HM =IHNL;
P?H\[I J?H;F ? =LCG? 1;F =IHMN;N;\[I ?HNL?N;HNI J?L>? MO; L?F?PZH=C; ?G

G;N]LC; J?H;F GCFCN;L OG; P?T KO? ; F?C =;MNL?HM? =IHM;ALIO ;J?H;M ; @CAOL;
>I =LCG? H[I B;P?H>I =IHNL;P?H\d?M J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M ;CH>; KO? L?MJ?CNX
P?CM PIT?M >;M KO;CM @;N;FG?HN? >CM=IL>;GIM CHMCMN;G ?G ?HR?LA;L ;M NL;HM
AL?MMd?M>CM=CJFCH;L?M=IGI=IHNL;P?H\d?M
, M;O>IMI *CL;<?N? L?ACMNL; ;FAOHM =IH=?CNIM @ILG;CM o LCG? ] I
@;NI BOG;HI =IHNLXLCI Y F?Cp ;LGCAH;HC o LCG? ] KO;FKO?L ;\[I F?A;F
G?HN? JOH_P?Fp *;AACIL? o LCG? ] NI>; ;\[I IO IGCMM[I JLIC<C>; J?F; F?C
MI<;G?;\;>?J?H;p#L;AIMI?N=[245]
2.1.2. *1"/&)
%X N;G<]G =IH=?CNIM KO? @I=;G ;J?H;M I ;MJ?=NI ?RN?LHI >I >?
FCNI M?D; JIL M?O ?@?CNI >;HIMI ?G L?F;\[I ; <?HM ?MM?H=C;CM ;I =IHP_PCI MI
=C;F M?D; JIL MO; =IHNL;LC?>;>? ;I =IHDOHNI ]NC=I

GIL;F M?D; ?G L;T[I >I
GIG?HNI JM_KOC=I >I ;ONIL >I @;NI 0OLA? JICM I =IH=?CNI >? =LCG? MI< ;
PCM[IG;N?LC;FIOMO<MN;H=C;F
,M PXLCIM ?R?GJFIM >? =IH=?CNI MO<MN;H=C;F >? =LCG? ;JL?M?HN;G
JL?>CF?\[I J;L; ?H@I=;L I <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F H?MM? M?HNC>I ;JIHN;GIM

;FAOG;M >?@CHC\d?M[246] o LCG? ] ; =IH>ON; BOG;H; KO? F?M; IO ?RJd? ;

J?LCAI OG <?G DOL_>C=I JLIN?AC>I J?F; F?C J?H;Fp *;A;FB[?M +ILIHB;
o LCG? ] ; ;\[I IO IGCMM[I KO? ; DO_TI >I F?ACMF;>IL =IHNL;MN; PCIF?HN;
G?HN? =IG P;FIL?M IO CHN?L?MM?M >I =ILJI MI=C;F >? GI>I ; ?RCACL M?D; JLIC
<C>; MI< ;G?;\; >? J?H; IO KO? M? =IHMC>?L? ;@;MNXP?F MIG?HN? ;NL;P]M >;
M;H\[I J?H;Fp #L;AIMI o LCG? ] KO;FKO?L @;NI >I BIG?G F?MCPI >? OG CH
N?L?MM? KO? JIMM; =IGJLIG?N?L ;M =IH>C\d?M >? ?RCMN^H=C; >? =IHM?LP;\[I ?

>??RCMN^H=C;>;MI=C?>;>?p?NNCIF?N=
2.1.3. +)v1& ,
IGI GOCNI <?G ;>P?LN? CN?H=IOLN oIM =IH=?CNIM @ILG;F ? G;N?LC
;F M[I CHMO@C=C?HN?M J;L; J?LGCNCL Y >IAGXNC=; J?H;F ; L?;FCT;\[I >? OG; ;H
XFCM? >IM ?F?G?HNIM ?MNLONOL;CM >I =IH=?CNI >? =LCG?p[247] I KO? ?RCA? OG
?MNO>I ?MM?H=C;F >I >?FCNI ; JIHNI >? @IG?HN;L ;CH>; KO? >C>;NC=;G?HN?
MO;>?=IGJIMC\[I?G?F?G?HNIM
+;M=? I =IH=?CNI ;H;F_NC=I >? =LCG? KO? ?H=IHNL; M?O CH_=CI ?G
<IL; JIMMO; ;HN?=?>?HN?M ?G !?=C;HI ? IB?G?LI =IG ;L
GCAH;HC ?G J;L; KO?G ; ;\[I >?FCNOIM; ?L; ?G MO; ?MM^H=C; ; =IG
JIMC\[I>?OG;@IL\;@_MC=;?IONL;GIL;F[248]
"MM; JLCG?CL; =IHMNLO\[I =IH>OT ; OG GI>?FI <CJ;LNC>I =IGJIMNI

>? ?F?G?HNIM I<D?NCPIM ? MO<D?NCPIM M?H>I JIMN?LCILG?HN? =IGJF?G?HN;>I
JIL?FCHA ?G ;ICHNLI>OTCLI?F?G?HNI>;NCJC=C>;>?[249]
IGI P?L?GIM ;I @CH;F >?MN? ?MNO>I ?G ?MNXACI ;NO;F ; >IONLCH;

J?H;F M? >CPC>? -;L; ;FAOHM I =LCG? MI?P?
M?
M?GJL? N?L JL?M?HN? KO? I =LCG? ] OG @?HbG?HI eHC=I CH>?=IGJIH_P?F @;N
C=;G?HN? M?LPCH>I ; M?J;L;\[I ?G ?F?G?HNIM J;L; @;=CFCN;L M?O =IHB?=C
G?HNI ?MNLONOL;F ? ;MMCG MIFO=CIH;L I G;CIL HeG?LI JIMM_P?F >? JLI<F?G;M

;JL?M?HN;>IM ;IM IJ?L;>IL?M >I !CL?CNI m NL;>OT
M? JIL ;\[I N_JC=; ;HNC
DOL_>C=; ? =OFJXP?F ; =B;G;>; teoria tripartida ?G IJIMC\[I YKO?F?M KO?

?R=FO?G ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? >?MM; ?MNLONOL; IO M?D; =LCG? ;H;FCNC=;G?HN? ]

@;NI N_JC=I ? ;HNCDOL_>C=I M?H>I ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? G?LI JL?MMOJIMNI >? ;J
FC=;\[I>;M;H\[Iteoria bipartida
FAOHM ?HN?H>?G I @CH;FCMGI CH;OAOL;>I JIL %;HM 4?FT?F =IGI

MCHbHCGI >? ?MNLONOL; ;H;F_NC=; <CJ;LNC>; >? =LCG? I KO? H[I M? GIMNL; P?L
>;>?CLI =IGI P?L?GIM ;<;CRI JILKO;HNI ?RCMN?G @CH;FCMN;M KO? ;<;L=;G ;

N?ILC; <CJ;LNC>; ;MMCG =IGI BX @CH;FCMN;M ;>?JNIM >; ?MNLONOL; NLC
J;LNC>;[250]
OGJL? =CN;L JIL >?LL;>?CLI KO? ; ?MNLONOL; ;=CG; ;JL?M?HN;>;

;J?M;L >? M?L >IGCH;HN? H[I ?MNX B?LG?NC=;G?HN? @?=B;>; Y CHN?L@?L^H=C;
>? IONL;M ;<IL>;A?HM IGI ?R?GJFIM HINXP?CM ? GOCNI CHN?L?MM;HN?M =CN?
GIM I G?MNL? ?T;L /I<?LNI CN?H=IOLN KO? ;J?M;L >? ?MNLONOL;L MO; I<L;
?G OG; N?ILC; NLCJ;LNC>; =B?A; ; =CN;L OG; concepo quadripartida =IH
=?<?H>I I >?FCNI =IGI ao tpica antijurdica ? culpvel[251] ;I F;>I >I

H[I G?HIM <LCFB;HN? 'O;L?T
G?H\[I?MJ?=_@C=;
CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM KO? H?MM? JIHNI G?L?=?
IG ?@?CNI 'O;L?T CLCHI P^ I =BIKO? ?HNL? ?MNLONOL; <CJ;LNC>; ?

NLCJ;LNC>; JIL]G ;JIHN; =IGI JIHNI >? >CP?LA^H=C; H[I ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>?
G;M;>?=IGJIMC\[IIOH[I>ICHDOMNIN_JC=I
"G IONL;M F?NL;M J;L; I CFOMNL? >IONLCH;>IL ; o>IAGXNC=; J?H;F
=IHN?GJILZH?; =ICH=C>? H; ;>GCMM[I >? >O;M =;N?AILC;M ?F?G?HN;L?M >I @;NI
JOH_P?F NCJI >? CHDOMNI ? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? "MM;M =;N?AILC;M ?F?G?HN;L?M =IH
=?HNL;G NI>IM IM ?F?G?HNIM >; >?@CHC\[I ;H;F_NC=; >? @;NI JOH_P?F G;M ; IJ
?L;=CIH;FCT;\[I >; >?@CHC\[I ;H;F_NC=; L?KO?L I >?M>I<L;G?HNI >;KO?F;M =;N
?AILC;M A?L;CM H;M =;N?AILC;M G;CM MCGJF?M KO? ;M =IHMNCNO?G ; I =IH=?CNI

>? NCJI >? CHDOMNI ] =IHMNCNO_>I J?FIM =IH=?CNIM >? ;\[I >? NCJC=C>;>? ? >?
;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ] =IHMNCNO_>I J?FIM =IH=?CNIM

>? =;J;=C>;>? J?H;F >? =IHB?=CG?HNI >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? L?;F IO JIN?H=C;F
? >? ?RCAC<CFC>;>? >? =IGJILN;G?HNI >CP?LMI IO HILG;FC>;>? >;M =CL=OH
MNZH=C;M >? ;\[Ip[252] >C;HN? =IHN?GJF;

HIM =IG OG; ;<IL>;A?G >C@?L
?H=C;>; ;=?L=; >? OG sistema bipartido ?G KO? I NCJI >? CHDOMNI H[I JI>?L
C; M?L >?=IGJIMNI ;JL?M?HN;H>I OG; OHC=C>;>? =IH=?CNO;F ?HNL? ;\[I N_JC=;

? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ;I F;>I >? OG MCMN?G; NLCJ;LNC>I KO? HI ZG<CNI >I NCJI

>? CHDOMNI ;>GCN? ; ;ONIHIGC; >I =IH=?CNI >? NCJC=C>;>? ?G L?F;\[I Y
;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? /?ACMNL?
M? JILN;HNI KO? J;L; I ;ONIL ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? CH
KO?MNCIH;P?FG?HN? CHN?AL;I=IH=?CNI;H;F_NC=I>?=LCG?
2.1.3.1. Causalismo clssico
"G<IL; ; >?MCAH;\[I o=;OM;FCMGIp AO;L>? _HNCG; L?F;\[I =IG ;
=IH=?J\[I >? =IH>ON; J;L; I !CL?CNI -?H;F I =;OM;FCMGI >?P? M?L =IGJL??H
>C>I ?G MO; NIN;FC>;>? CH=FOMCP? =IG MO; =IGJL??HM[I ;=?L=; >; =OFJ;<CFC>
;>? !?MM? JLCMG; ] JIMM_P?F ;@CLG;L KO? I =;OM;FCMGI JIMMOC >ICM GI>?FIM
>CP?LMIMOG modelo clssico ?OG modelo neoclssico
, modelo clssico de delito =IHB?=C>I =IGI oGI>?FI )CMTN m

?FCHA m /;><LO=Bp @IC >?M?HPIFPC>I ; J;LNCL >I @CH;F >I M]=OFI 5&5 N?H>I
MO; ILCA?G H; @CFIMI@C; H;NOL;FCMN; KO? CH?<LCIO ;KO?F? M]=OFI =IG P?LN?HN?
GOCNI G;CM ?JCMN?GIFaAC=;[253] P;FILCT;H>I ?RNL?G;G?HN? I ?RJ?LCG?HN
;FCMGI IOM?D; IGI>I IG]NI>I>?;<MIL\[I>I=IHB?=CG?HNI
*;FAL;>I MO; CH@FO^H=C; H;NOL;FCMN; ; JL?I=OJ;\[I =?HNL;F ?L; ?H
=IHNL;L OG =IH=?CNI ?MNLONOL;F >I >?FCNI <OM=;H>I ; ?MM^H=C; >? M?OM ?F?
G?HNIM =IHMNCNONCPIM IO M?D; ao tipicidade antijuridicidade ? culpabilidade I KO? FB? =IH@?L? OG =;LXN?L bHNC=I ?G M?O JLIJaMCNI JLCH=CJ;F
?G<IL; ;LLCG;>I ?G =IHB?=CG?HNIM >? IONL;M =C^H=C;M I<NC>IM =IG JL?I=O
J;\[I?JCMN?GIFaAC=;[254]
&HC=C;H>I ; =IGJL??HM[I >IM JLCH=CJ;CM JIHNIM J;L; I causalismo clssico ; ao ?L; =IGJL??H>C>; >? GI>I =IGJF?N;G?HN? H;NOL
;F_MNC=I H;NOL;FCMGI ?RNL?GI @CLG;H>I

M? OG; teoria causal-natural
?G KO? ; ;\[I ?L; >?@CHC>; JIL )CMTN o=IGI qOG; GI>C@C=;\[I G;N?LC;F JIL
CHMCAHC@C=;HN? KO? M?D; >I GOH>I ?RN?LCIL J?L=?JN_P?F J?FIM M?HNC>IMr ? =IH
=?<C; JIL ?R?GJFI ; CHDeLC; =IGI OG; JLI>O\[I >? PC<L;\d?M >I ;L ? ?R=CN
;\d?M H?LPIM;Mp[255] M?H>I =F;L; ; N?HN;NCP; >? G;CIL oI<D?NCP;\[Ip >?

>?@CHC\d?M KO;F M? @;TC; H;M =C^H=C;M H;NOL;CM ?G OG; <OM=; G?N;@_MC=; J?F;
;MM?JMC; HI =IHB?=CG?HNI +IN?
M? KO? I ?F?G?HNI JM_KOC=I A;HBI =IG ;

N?ILC; @CH;FCMN; >; ;\[I ?L; CH>C@?L?HN? IO M?D; H[I M? ;P;FC;P; H; ;\[I I ?F?
G?HNIMO<D?NCPI IH@CAOL;P;
M?; teoria causal IO naturalista >;;\[I
, =IH=?CNI MI<L?JIMNI ?MNX CGJL?AH;>I J?F;M =C^H=C;M H;NOL;CM

>IGCH;HN?M H;M C>?C;M JIMCNCPCMN;M >I @CG >I M]=OFI 5&5 ? =IGI M? J?L=?<?
HCNC>;G?HN? >?M=;LN; I =IHN?e>I JMC=IFaAC=I @CH;F_MNC=I >; ;\[I 1;G<]G
H[I M? JL?I=OJIO =IG I CMIF;G?HNI >I =IH=?CNI >? IGCMM[I MIG?HN? G;CM
N;L>?L?J?HM;>IJ?FIJLaJLCI)CTMN
tipicidade =IHMCMNC; H; J?L@?CN; MO<MOH\[I >; =IH>ON; ;I NCJI F?A
;F ;<MNL;NI M?H>I JOL;G?HN? >?M=LCNCP; IO M?D; H[I B;P?H>I ?G L?AL; I

JL??H=BCG?HNIJILIONLIM?F?G?HNIM>?IL>?GHILG;NCP;?MO<D?NCP;
antijuridicidade ?L; ?F?G?HNI P;FIL;NCPI H?ONLI ? @ILG;F =ILL?M
JIH>?H>IYMCGJF?M=IHNL;LC?>;>?>I@;NI;I!CL?CNI
culpabilidade @IC IONLI @ILN? MCAHI >I GI>?FI =FXMMC=I =;L;=N?LCT
;>; J?FI P_H=OFI JMC=IFaAC=I ?HNL? I ;ONIL ? I @;NI JOH_P?F JIL G?CI >I >IFI
IO >; =OFJ; N?H>I ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? =IGI H?=?MMXLCI JL?MMOJIMNI J;L; ; =;
J;=C>;>?>?=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
#CLG;P;
M? ; N?ILC; JMC=IFaAC=; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? JLCG?CL; N?ILC; ;
?RJFC=;L ?MM? ?F?G?HNI >I =LCG? ; KO;F ;MM?HN;P; KO? I @;NI JOH_P?F ?H=IH
NL;P; M?OM ?F?G?HNIM I<D?NCPIM H; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? N_JC=; ?HKO;HNI IM ?F?
G?HNIMMO<D?NCPIM?L;G=IH>?HM;>IMH;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
"G IONL;M J;F;PL;M J;L; ; N?ILC; JMC=IFaAC=; ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? o] I

FC;G? I P_H=OFI IO I H?RI JMC=IFaAC=I KO? FCA; I ;A?HN? IO J?FI >IFI IO J?F;
=OFJ; ;I M?O @;NI N_JC=I ? ;HNCDOL_>C=I "F; ] PCMN; HOG JF;HI JOL;G?HN? H;N
OL;F_MNC=I IO JMC=IFaAC=I >?MJLIPC>I >? KO;FKO?L P;FIL;\[I ? ?MAIN;

M? H;
MCGJF?M =IHMN;N;\[I >; JIMC\[I >I ;A?HN? J?L;HN? MO; JLaJLC; =IH
>ON;p[256]
!?MM; @ILG; HI GI>?FI ;JL?M?HN;>I ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGJILN;P;
>O;M ;P;FC;\d?M ; >; CGJON;<CFC>;>? =;J;=C>;>? >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ? ; >; L?
F;\[IJMC=IFaAC=;JLIJLC;G?HN?>CN;

,<PC;G?HN? J;L; M? L?=IHB?=?L I FC;G? JMC=IFaAC=I >I ;ONIL ;I M?O

CHDOMNI N_JC=I ?RCAC;
M? ; =;J;=C>;>? >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGI =;J;=C>;>? A?L
;F ? ;<MNL;N; >? =IGJL??H>?L I P;FIL >I @;NI I KO? F?P;P; Y ?R=FOM[I IO Y L?
>O\[I >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? >IM =;MIM >? CGJ?L@?C\[I CG;NOLC>;>? IO >?@?=\[I

>I?H\; G?HN;F[257] +; ?R=FOM[I ?G P?L>;>? ; CHCGJON;<CFC>;>? MCAHC
@C=;P; J;L; ;FAOHM ; @;FN; >? JL?MMOJIMNI J;L; ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?HKO;HNI

J;L; IONLIM OG; =;OM; >? CM?H\[I >? J?H;[258] 0?D; =IGI @IL ?L; ?F; @OH
>;G?HN;F;IL?=IHB?=CG?HNI>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
'X ; L?F;\[I JMC=IFaAC=; NL;>OTC;

M? J?F; =IHMN;N;\[I >; =IHM=C^H=C;
? >; PIHN;>? >? L?;FCT;L I @;NI N_JC=I !;_ ; AL;H>? =L_NC=; ?G L?F;\[I ;I =IH
=?CNI JMC=IFaAC=I JIL H[I M;NCM@;T?L ; ?RJFC=;\[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? HIM >?FCNIM
=OFJIMIM ?MJ?=C;FG?HN? H; =OFJ; CH=IHM=C?HN? KO? H[I =IGJILN; L?F;\[I

JMC=IFaAC=; ?HNL? ; =IH>ON; ? I L?MOFN;>I ?MN;H>I ; L?F;\[I JMC=IFaAC=; ?HNL?
;G<IM H[I H; =;<?\; >? KO?G M?LX L?MJIHM;<CFCT;>I JIL ?MM? FC;G? JMC=IFa
AC=I G;M H; =;<?\; >I DOCT KO? ?MN;<?F?=? KO? I ;A?HN? NCHB; =IH>C\d?M >?
JL?P?L I L?MOFN;>I H[I JL?PCMNI -IL ?MM; L;T[I BIOP? ;KO?F?M KO? JIMNO
F;L;G KO? ;M =IH>ON;M =OFJIM;M H; =OFJ; CH=IHM=C?HN? H[I JI>?LC;G =IH
@CAOL;L>?FCNIM[259]
1I>;PC; @CLGIO
M? =IGI =IHM?HMI H; N?ILC; JMC=IFaAC=; ; =IH
=?J\[I >? KO? >IFI ? =OFJ; ?L;G ?MJ]=C?M >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? IO =IGI ;@CLG;
)OCT #FXPCI $IG?M ?L;G o;p =OFJ;<CFC>;>?[260] -ILN;HNI ;I ?MNO>;L ;
=OFJ;<CFC>;>? J?F; N?ILC; ?G L?F?PI BX I H?=?MMXLCI =OLMI CHP?MNCA;NCPI >I

>IFI ? >; =OFJ; ? =IGI L?@F?RI ; =IH>ON; N_JC=; ?L; o?MP;TC;>;p >? ?F?G?H
NIM JMC=IFaAC=IM IO M?D; ; ;\[I J;L; I =;OM;FCMGI =FXMMC=I JL?M=CH>C; >; CH
P?MNCA;\[I >? >IFI IO >? =OFJ; >C@C=OFN;H>I ?RNL?G;G?HN? ; >?@CHC\[I N_JC=;

HICH_=CI>;;HXFCM?>I@;NIJOH_P?F
!I ?RJIMNI ;HN?=CJ;H>I I KO? ?MGCO\;L?GIM ;>C;HN? I GI>?FI

=FXMMC=I >C@?L? >I @CH;FCMGI >? @ILG; HINXP?F HI KO? N;HA? Y ;\[I ? Y
=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
J?M;L >;M ;NO;CM =L_NC=;M H[I M? JI>? H?A;L =IGI F?G<L; H>L]
"MN?@;G[261] KO? ;M N?ILC;M =IHMNCNONCP;M >I =;OM;FCMGI =IHKOCMN;L;G

AL;H>?M ;P;H\IM =IGI ; N?HN;NCP; >? ;@;MN;L JIL =IGJF?NI ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>
;>? J?H;F I<D?NCP; ;I =IHMC>?L;L >IFI ? =OFJ; ;CH>; KO? ;FI=;>IM H; =OFJ;<
CFC>;>? ?F?G?HNIM ?MM?H=C;CM >I =LCG? M?G IM KO;CM ?F? H[I ?RCMNCLC; "R;N;
G?HN? J?F; CGJL?M=CH>C<CFC>;>? >I >IFI ? >; =OFJ; J;L; ; ?RCMN^H=C; >I >?
FCNI JIMC=CIH;>IM H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? o modelo causalista essencialmente

tripartido M?H>I;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?CH;@;MNXP?F>I=IH=?CNI;H;F_NC=I>?=LCG?
2.1.3.2. Causalismo neoclssico
, GI>?FI =FXMMC=I G;FAL;>I MO; CH?AXP?F CGJILNZH=C; BCMNaLC=; ;I

N?HN;L =IGI >CNI ;@;MN;L JIL =IGJF?NI ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F I<D?NCP; @IC
CHMO@C=C?HN? J;L; L?MJIH>?L ; OG; M]LC? >? KO?MNCIH;G?HNIM C>?;FCT;>IM
<OM=;H>I MIFO\[I JIL G?CI >? OG; L?F?CNOL; >IM ?F?G?HNIM =IHMNCNONCPIM >I
=LCG? JILN;HNI N;G<]G IHNIFaAC=I ?G<IL; J;LNCMM? >? =IH=?CNIM ILCOH>IM
>I JIMCNCPCMGI =;JCN;H?;>; JIL /?CHB;L> #L;HE CHC=C;H>I
M? ;MMCG OG
HIPIGI>?FI=;OM;F IH?I=FXMMC=I
"G<IL; ;CH>; =;OM;F I GI>?FI H?I=FXMMC=I ;<;H>IH; OG H;NOL;F
CMGI ?RNL?GI KO? CGJL?AH;P; I JLCG?CLI =IH=?CNI >? ;\[I >? )CMTN ;=L?M
=?H>I OG MCAHC@C=;>I P;FIL;NCPI =IG ; ;AL?A;\[I >; PIFOHN;LC?>;>?

=B?A;H>I ; OG; N?ILC; =;OM;F
P;FIL;NCP; >? ;\[I , JLaJLCI )CMTN[262] L?
@ILGOFIO MO; PCM[I ;I >?@CHCL ;\[I =IGI o; =;OM;\[I >I L?MOFN;>I JIL OG ;NI
>? PIHN;>? "MN? M? ;JL?M?HN; =IGI GIPCG?HNI =ILJaL?I PIFOHNXLCI CMNI ]
=IG N?HM[I =IHNL;\[I >IM GeM=OFIM >?N?LGCH;>; H[I JIL =I;\[I G?=ZHC=;
IO JMC=I@_MC=; G;M JIL C>?C;M IO L?JL?M?HN;\d?M ? ?@?NO;>; JIL CH?LP;\[I
>IM H?LPIM GINIL?M , GIPCG?HNI =ILJaL?I ? I L?MOFN;>I =IHMNCNO?G JICM
IM >ICM ?F?G?HNIM CAO;FG?HN? CGJILN;HN?M >; C>?C; >? ;\[I =IGI =IGCM
M[Ip[263] -I>?
M? ?HN[I MCHN?NCT;L KO? ;AIL; ; ;\[I J;MM;P; ; M?L >?@CHC>;
=IGIOG=IGJILN;G?HNIBOG;HIPIFOHNXLCI[264]
+I =IHN?RNI ;JL?M?HN;>I J;L; I =;OM;FCMGI =FXMMC=I I<PC;G?HN? ;

IGCMM[I M?LX HCNC>;G?HN? >?M=IHMC>?L;>; IO ;I G?HIM L?F?A;>; ; OG JF;HI
CH@?LCIL >I ?H@IKO? =IH=?CNO;F MMCG JI>?
M? ;@CLG;L =IG #X<CI H>L]
$O;L;AHC KO? CHC=C;FG?HN? o; =IH>ON; =IGI movimento corpreo =;OM;>IL
>? modificao no mundo exterior H[I ] =IH=?CNO;FG?HN? ;>?KO;>; ;I

=IGJILN;G?HNI IGCMMCPI JICM IGCNCL DX >C;HN? >? OG; =IH=?J\[I G?L;
G?HN? FCHAO_MNC=; a latere >I >CL?CNI deixar de movimentar-se HOG;

>CL?\[I ] OG non facere L?F;NCPI ; ;FAIp[265] "MM; CH=IHALO^H=C; @IC HIN
;>; J?FIM JLaJLCIM =;OM;FCMN;M CH;OAOL;CM[266] F?P;H>I ; OG; ?PIFO\[I >?

JIMNOF;>IM >? GI>I ; =IH=?CNO;L N;G<]G ; IGCMM[I +?MM? M?HNC>I I
JLaJLCI )CMTN JIMNOF; KO? ; IGCMM[I ] oI H[I ?GJL??H>CG?HNI >? OG; ;\[I
>?N?LGCH;>; ? esperada ,GCNCL ] P?L?CR;L >?
@;T?L >? OG GI>I ;<MIFONI G;M >?CR;L >? @;T?L ;FAOG; =ICM; ? H; P?L>;>?
IKO??L;?MJ?L;>Ip[267]
NCJC=C>;>? J;MM; ; ;>GCNCL ?F?G?HNIM HILG;NCPIM ? MO<D?NCPIM
>?CR;H>IMO;H;NOL?T;?GCH?HN?G?HN?>?M=LCNCP;
;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? A;HB; =IHIN;\[I G;N?LC;F M?H>I =IGJL??H>C>;

=IGI >;HIMC>;>? MI=C;F ?PIFO\[I >? MOG; CGJILNZH=C; J;L; ; =IH=?J\[I >;
?RCMN^H=C;>?=;OM;MMOJL;F?A;CM>??R=FOM[I>;;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?
+I JF;HI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;N] ?HN[I JOL;G?HN? JMC=IFaAC=; ;M
MOG? N;G<]G OG MCAHC@C=;>I P;FIL;NCPI HILG;NCPI =;L;=N?LCT;>I J?F; L?
JLIP;<CFC>;>? >; ;\[I >I ;ONIL J?F; @ILG;\[I =IHNLXLC; ;I >?P?L[268]

ILCACH;H>I
M? ; >; N?ILC; HILG;NCP; IO JMC=IFaAC=I
HILG;NCP; IO ;CH>;
N?ILC; =IGJF?R; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? C>?;FCT;>; ?G JIL /?CHB;L> #L;HE
J;L; KO?G ; =IHMN;N;\[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? N;G<]G >?P?LC; =IHN?L OG DO_TI
>? P;FIL =IH=?<?H>I
; =IGI L?JLIP;<CFC>;>?[269] =IG @ILN? CH@FO^H=C;
JILN;HNI >I ?MNO>I >IM P;FIL?M CH?L?HN?M YM HILG;M DOL_>C=;M N?ILC; ;RCIFa
AC=;>I!CL?CNI
-IL ?MM; HIP; =IH=?J\[I o>?CR; ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? >? M?L =IHMC>?L;>;

=IGI ;MJ?=NI MO<D?NCPI >I =LCG? JMC=IFaAC=; KO? FCA; I ;A?HN? ;I M?O @;NI
J;L; NL;HM@ILG;L
M? ?G DO_TI >? L?JLIP;\[I >? =?HMOL; KO? M? @;T ;I ;A?HN?
?G L;T[I >? MO; ;NO;\[I =IHNLXLC; ;I >CL?CNI IO G;CM JL?=CM;G?HN? ?G
L;T[I >? MO; q@ILG;\[I >; PIHN;>? =IHNLXLC; ;I >?P?Lrp[270] *;HN]G ;CH>;
; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? IM ?F?G?HNIM JMC=IFaAC=IM H[I M? =;L;=N?LCT;H>I =IGI OG

=IH=?CNI JOL;G?HN? HILG;NCPI G;M OG =IH=?CNI GCMNI AL;@;>I JIL ?F?G?H
NIM JM_KOC=IM ? HILG;NCPIM , >IFI ? ; =OFJ; ;CH>; KO? J?LG;H?\;G H;

=OFJ;<CFC>;>? J;MM;G ; M?L @ILG;M AL;OM L?KOCMCNIM IO ?F?G?HNIM >; =OFJ
;<CFC>;>? H[I G;CM IM eHC=IM ?F?G?HNIM >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? o;Mp ?MJ]=C?M >?
=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
&GJILN;HN? =IHMCAH;L KO? J;L; IM ?RJI?HN?M >?MM; PCM[I I ?F?
G?HNI =IGOG ?L; ; =IGJF?RC>;>? >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?F?G?HNIM JMC=IFaAC=IM
? ?F?G?HNIM HILG;NCPIM B;P?H>I HI ?HN;HNI >CP?LA^H=C;M KO;HNI ;I @OH
=CIH;G?HNI >?MM?M ?F?G?HNIM MMCG J;L; o#L;HE JI>C; B;P?L >IFI M?G
=OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?HKO;HNI J;L; $IF>=BGC>N I >IFI =IGI >;>I JMC=IFaAC=I
?L; OG JL?MMOJIMNI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ? *?TA?L ;@CLG;P; KO? I >IFI L?KO?LC;
; =IHM=C^H=C; >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? CMNI ] KO? I >IFI M?GJL? ?L;
=OFJXP?Fp[271]
,ONLI JIHNI @OH>;G?HN;F L?MC>? ?G =IHNCHO;L ; =IHMC>?L;L ; CG
JON;<CFC>;>? =IGI ?F?G?HNI CGJILN;HN? H; ;@?LC\[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? J?L
G;H?=?H>I ?F; ;MMCG =IGI H; N?ILC; JMC=IFaAC=; =IGI =;OM; >? ?FCGCH;\[I
>? JL?MMOJIMNI J;L; I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? IO =IGI =;OM; >? CM
?H\[I>?J?H;
"G M_HN?M? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;N] ?HN[I JOL;G?HN? JMC=IFaAC=; J;MM;

; =IHAL?A;L IONLIM L?KOCMCNIM JI>?H>I M?L L?MOGC>; ?G NL^M ?F?G?HNIM
CGJON;<CFC>;>? >IFI ? =OFJ; ?RCAC<CFC>;>? >? =IH>ON; =IH@ILG? ;I
!CL?CNI
;<? L?ACMNL;L ;CH>; OG; @OH>;G?HN;F ;FN?L;\[I MCMN^GC=; HI KO?

=IH=?LH? Y L?F;\[I ?HNL? >IFI ? =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? -IL CH@FO^H=C; >;
N?ILC; N?F?IFaAC=; >I !CL?CNI KO? F?PIO Y =OFJ;<CFC>;>? HILG;NCP; ?G OG
M?HNC>I ;RCIFaAC=I J;MMIO
M? o; ;=?CN;L ; =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? =IGI L?
KOCMCNI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? G;CM JL?=CM;G?HN? =IGI >;>I KO? M? ;AL?A; ;I
>IFI ? ;MMCG ;=IFB?

M? I >?HIGCH;>I dolus malus >IFI HILG;NCPI IO >IFI
DOL_>C=I CMNI] >IFIG;CM=IHM=C^H=C;>;CFC=CNO>?p[272]
2.1.3.3. Finalismo
+; JLCG?CL; G?N;>? >I M]=OFI 55 ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? H; >]=;>; >?
%;HM 4?FT?F CHC=CIO OG; P?L>;>?CL; L?>?@CHC\[I >IAGXNC=; >I >?FCNI

;CH>; =IG I ?M=IJI >? ?H=IHNL;L MO; ?MNLONOL; ?MM?H=C;F P?LN?HN? IHNIFa
AC=; =IGMO;N?ILC;@CH;FCMN;>;;\[I
"MM; N?ILC; KO? =IGI I JLaJLCI 4?FT?F ;>P?LNCO H;>; =LCIO G;M
;J?H;M JIMC=CIHIO =ILL?N;G?HN? ?F?G?HNIM DX ?RCMN?HN?M[273] ] @LONI >; CH
@FO^H=C; >? OG; ?G?LA?HN? JMC=IFIAC; ;F?G[ KO? LIGJ?O ?HNL? ?
=IG ; L?CH;HN? JMC=IFIAC; G?=;HC=CMN; KO? ?R;FN;P; ; @ILG; =;OM;F
G?=ZHC=;
>? L?;FCT;\[I >IM ;NIM ;H_GC=IM !?HNL? MO;M ILC?HN;\d?M L?=?HN?M 4?FT?F CH
>C=IO N?L MC>I CH@FO?H=C;>I J?F; -MC=IFIAC; >I -?HM;G?HNI >? /C=B;L>
%cHCAMQ;F> <?G =IGI >? (;LF OBF?L 1B?I>IL "LCMG;HH "LC=B ';HM=B -
#)CHE??N=[274]
*OCNI ?G<IL; N?HB; I G?MGI JLIJaMCNI KO? IM GI>?FIM ;HN?LCIL?M

I @CH;FCMGI J;LNCO >? OG; =IGJL??HM[I >I >CL?CNI ?G KO? M? L?=IHB?=C;G
?MNLONOL;M FaAC=I
I<D?NCP;M ; FCGCN;L IM =IH=?CNIM ?RJFIL;>IM J?F; HILG;
=B?A;H>I ;MMCG ;OG;?MNLONOL;\[I>I>?FCNI
N?ILC; >;M ?MNLONOL;M FaAC=I
I<D?NCP;M JI>? M?L =IGJL??H>C>;
=IGI OG; P?LN?HN? KO? <OM=IO ; FCGCN;\[I >I F?ACMF;>IL =IG <;M? H;
H;NOL?T; >;M =ICM;M IO M?D; I I<D?NI ; M?L >?MP;FIL;>I J?FI !CL?CNI -?H;F
H[I ] =LC;>I J?F; >?MP;FIL;\[I G;M ?RCMN? ;HN?M >? OG >?MP;FIL DOL_>C=I
=IGI HI =;MI >; =IH>ON; JLCH=_JCI >; ;P;FC;\[I >I @;NI JOH_P?F >?G;CM ;
>?MP;FIL;\[I >?P? L?MJ?CN;L ; ?MNLONOL; >I ?HN? >?MP;FIL;>I MI< J?H; >? L?
=;CLMI<L?IONLII<D?NIIOH;>;;NCHACL[275]
IG <;M? H?MM;M JL?GCMM;M JI>?
M? MCHN?NCT;L KO? ;M ?MNLONOL;M
FaAC=I
I<D?NCP;M osachlogische Strukturen M[I ?MNLONOL;M >; G;N]LC; >? L?A
OF;\[I DOL_>C=; >?MN;=;>;M J?F; FaAC=; =IH=L?N; Sachlogik KO? M? ILC?HN;

>CL?N;G?HN? H; L?;FC>;>? I<D?NI >I =IHB?=CG?HNIp[276] IO ?G IONLIM N?L
GIM G;CM JLaRCGIM ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F oM[I ?MNLONOL;M KO? PCH=OF;G I F?ACM
F;>IL ;I M?L >I KO? ?F? >?MP;FIL; KO? ?MNX L?F;=CIH;>I =IG ?F? G;M KO? H[I
JI>?M?L;FN?L;>Ip[277]
)IAC=;G?HN? KO? J;LNCH>I >? OG; =IH=?J\[I =IGI ; ?RJIMN; >?

=OHBI IHNIFaAC=I GOCNI ?PC>?HN? IM ?F?G?HNIM A?H]LC=IM >I =LCG? >?P?G
M?AOCL ?MM; =IH@ILG;\[I =IH=FOCH>I KO? NI>; HILG; J?H;F CH=LCGCH;>IL;

KO? J;LN; >? OG; ;\[I G?L;G?HN? =;OM;F m ? ; ;\[I =IGI =IH=?CNI =?HNL;F
>I @;NI JOH_P?F ] I JLCH=_JCI G?NI>IFaAC=I >I GI>?FI @CH;FCMN; m H[I JI>?LC;
M?L =IHMC>?L;>; OG; HILG; ;>?KO;>; IHM?KO?HN?G?HN? OG MCMN?G; KO?
JLCPCF?AC;MM? ?MM; =IH@CAOL;\[I =IGI I @IC I =;OM;FCMGI =FXMMC=I IO H?I=FXM
MC=I N;G<]G H[I ?MN;LC; ?G MCHNIHC; =IG ; G?FBIL =IGJL??HM[I >I >?FCNI
;@CH;F ;M oHILG;M >I !CL?CNI H[I JI>?G IL>?H;L IO JLIC<CL G?LIM JLI=?MMIM
=;OM;CMp[278] =IGI M? @IMM? JIMM_P?F P A ;I !CL?CNI JLIC<CL IM ILA;HCMGIM
BOG;HIM>?JIMMC<CFCN;L;I<MNLO\[I>?;LN]LC;M F?P;H>I;I?H@;LNI
+?MM? =IHN?RNI ; ;\[I BOG;H; JLCG?CLI ?F?G?HNI >; CHP?MNCA;\[I

>I >?FCNI H[I JI>? M?L =IGJL??H>C>; M?G OG; ?MNLONOL; @CH;F >?P?H>I M?L
>?@CHC>; =IGI ?R?L=_=CI >? OG; ;NCPC>;>? @CH;F OG ;=IHN?=CG?HNI @CH;F ?
H[I JOL;G?HN? =;OM;F @CH;FC>;>? ] I =;LXN?L @CH;F >; ;\[I ? ] <;M?;>; HI
@;NI >? KO? oI BIG?G AL;\;M ;I M?O M;<?L =;OM;F JI>? JL?P?L >?HNLI >?
=?LNIM FCGCN?M ;M JIMM_P?CM =IHM?KO^H=C;M >? MO; =IH>ON; >?MCAH;L
FB? @CHM
>CP?LMIM ? >CLCACL MO; ;NCPC>;>? =IH@ILG? OG JF;HI Y =IHM?=O\[I >?MM?M
@CHM $L;\;M ;I M?O M;<?L =;OM;F JL]PCI JI>? >CLCACL M?OM >CP?LMIM ;NIM >?
GI>I KO? ILC?HN? I MO=?>?L =;OM;F ?RN?LHI ; OG @CG ? I >IGCH? @CH;FCMNC=;
G?HN? ;NCPC>;>? @CH;F ] OG; ;NCPC>;>? >CLCAC>; =IHM=C?HN?G?HN? ?G L;T[I

>? OG @CG ?HKO;HNI I ;=IHN?=?L =;OM;F H[I ?MNX >CLCAC>I ?G L;T[I >? OG
@CG G;M ] ; L?MOFN;HN? =;OM;F >; =IHMN?F;\[I >? =;OM;M ?RCMN?HN? ?G =;>;
GIG?HNI @CH;FC>;>? ] JIL CMMI m >CNI >? @ILG; ALX@C=; m qPC>?HN?r ? ;
=;OM;FC>;>? q=?A;rp[279]
IGI M? J?L=?<? GOCNI <?G BX OG; M;A;T =L_NC=; Y ?MNLONOL; >?FCH
?;>; J;L; ; ;\[I HIM GI>?FIM =;OM;CM ?R;FN;H>I

M? ; C>?C; >? >CL?=CIH;
G?HNI @CH;F =IH>C=CIH;>; J?F; PIHN;>? KO? >?=ILL? JIL MO; P?T >? OG JL]
PCI =IHB?=CG?HNI >IM =OLMIM =;OM;CM F?P;H>I Y IJ\[I J?FI ;NCHACG?HNI >?
OG L?MOFN;>I ? =IG <;M? H?MM; IJ\[I Y M?F?\[I >IM G?CIM J;L; N;F GCMN?L
!?MM; @ILG; JI>?L

M?
C; @L;=CIH;L ; =IH>ON; @CH;F ?G @;M?M H; aL<CN; >I
J?HM;G?HNI B;P?LC; ; L?JL?M?HN;\[I ;HN?=CJ;>; >I @CG >?M?D;>I =IG ;
=IHM?KO?HN? M?F?\[I >I =;GCHBI J;L; I<N?L ?MM? @CG ? =IHMC>?L;H>I M?OM
?@?CNIM >?=ILL?HN?M >?MM; M?F?\[I H; M?AOH>; F?P;>; ; ?@?CNI @CMC=;G?HN? HI

GOH>I L?;F I ;ONIL =IFI=;LC; ?G JLXNC=; ; ;\[I M?AOCH>I I JF;HI NL;\;>I H;

JLCG?CL;@;M?
IG ?MM; PCM[I JI>?
M? P?LC@C=;L =F;L;G?HN? KO? I @;NI >? ;HN?
=CJ;L I @CG ? J?LM?AOC

FI <?G =IGI >? =IHMC>?L;L IM ?@?CNIM =IF;N?L;CM ;I @CG
JL?N?H>C>I >?=ILL?HN?M >I G?CI M?F?=CIH;>I @OH>;G?HN;G ;M ?MJ]=C?M >?
>IFI KO? BID? M? >CM=ON?G H[I Ma I >IFI >CL?NI ? ?P?HNO;F G;M N;G<]G I
>IFI>CL?NI>?M?AOH>IAL;O
V JL?=CMI ?R;FN;L J;L; KO? H[I M? =IH@OH>; I =IH=?CNI >? ;\[I =IG
;KO?F? JIMNOF;>I J?FI =;OM;FCMGI H?I=FXMMC=I N?ILC; =;OM;F
P;FIL;NCP; KO?
; @CH;FC>;>? H[I M? =IH@OH>? =IG ; PIFOHN;LC?>;>? "MN; oMCAHC@C=; KO? OG
GIPCG?HNI =ILJIL;F ? MO;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M JI>?G M?L =IH>OTC>IM ; ;FAOG
;NI PIFOHNXLCI M?H>I CH>C@?L?HN? KO;CM =IHM?KO^H=C;M KO?LC; JLI>OTCL I
;ONILp[280] +;KO?F; BX ; J?LM?AOC\[I >? OG @CG >?M?D;>I OG L?MOFN;>I
KO?LC>I KO? =IH>C=CIH; ; ;\[I KO? I JL?=?>? , ?R?GJFI >;>I JIL 4?FT?F ]
<?G ?M=F;L?=?>IL o ?H@?LG?CL; KO? M?G MOMJ?CN;L >? H;>; ;JFC=; OG; CH
D?\[I >? GIL@CH; >?G;MC;>;G?HN? @ILN? >? =IHM?KO^H=C;M GILN;CM L?;FCT;

M?G >ePC>; OG; ;\[I @CH;F >? CHD?N;L G;M H[I OG; ;\[I @CH;F >?
G;N;Lp[281] GILN? H?MM? =;MI @IC JLI>OTC>; JIL OG JLI=?MMI =;OM;F =?AI
M?GKO?BIOP?MM?;@CH;FC>;>??RCAC>;HIMN?LGIMQ?FT?HC;HIM
;\[I @CH;F JILN;HNI JL?MOG? OG; ;\[I PIFOHNXLC; G;M ?RCA?

OG; KO;FC>;>? ; G;CM ; M;<?L I =IHB?=CG?HNI >; MCNO;\[I @XNC=; ? I >?M?DI
>? ;F=;H\;L >?N?LGCH;>I L?MOFN;>I N_JC=I ;CH>; KO? H[I B;D; J?FI ;A?HN?
?R;N; =IGJL??HM[I >; CFC=CNO>? IO M?D; H[I ?RCMN?G o;\d?M @CH;CM ?G MC IO
q?G ;<MIFONIr G;M ;J?H;M ?G L?F;\[I YM =IHM?KO^H=C;M =IGJL??H>C>;M J?F;
PIHN;>?>?L?;FCT;\[Ip
,<PC;G?HN? ?MM; HIP; =IH=?J\[I >? ;\[I CGJILN;P; ?G OG; PCM[I

N;G<]G CHIP;>IL; >; ?MNLONOL; >I JLaJLCI NCJI J?H;F KO? ;AIL; ;FID;H>I I
>IFI IO ; =OFJ; HI =IH=?CNI >? =IH>ON; M?>CG?HN;P;
M? ?G OG; PCM[I =IG
JF?R; M?H>I JIMM_P?F ;@CLG;L ; ?RCMN^H=C; >? OG; NCJC=C>;>? I<D?NCP; ? IONL;
MO<D?NCP; >?MN;=;H>I
M? >;M PCMd?M ;N] ?HN[I JIMNOF;>;M ? =IGJIH>I OG;
HIP; @;M? >? =IGJL??HM[I >; NCJC=C>;>?[282] AIL; ;F]G >; JIMMC<CFC>;>?

>? IM ?F?G?HNIM I<D?NCP;>IM HI NCJI J?H;F JI>?L?G N?L =;LXN?L MO<D?NCPI IO

HILG;NCPI m ;F]G >? G?L;G?HN? >?M=LCNCPI m I NCJI J?H;F J;L; CH>C=;L MO;
KO;FC>;>? ;I @;NI m NCJC=C>;>? m >?P?LC; M?L JL??H=BC>I I<D?NCP; ?
MO<D?NCP;G?HN?
JLIJaMCNI >I >IFI m H[I G;CM ;FI=;>I H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ? MCG H;
=IH>ON; @LCM?
M? m >?P? ?F? M?L L?=IHB?=C>I =IGI OG =IH=?CNI DOL_>C=I
J?H
;F =IGI >IFI >? NCJI =IHMCMNCH>I OHC=;G?HN? H; PIHN;>? >? L?;FCT;L I NCJI
I<D?NCPI >? >?N?LGCH;>I >?FCNI[283] MMCG I >IFI >?P? N?L >ICM ?F?G?HNIM
OG=IAHCNCPIIOCHN?F?=NO;F?IONLIPIFCNCPI
-;L; KO? B;D; ; CHN?H\[I >? L?;FCT;L I NCJI >?P?

M? JLCG?CLI =IH
B?=?L IM ?F?G?HNIM @XNC=IM KO? =IGJd?G ; >?M=LC\[I N_JC=; J;L; MIG?HN?

?HN[I >?M?D;L L?;FCT;L I NCJI , >?@?CNI H; =IAHC\[I >IM ?F?G?HNIM @XNC=IM KO?
=IGJd?G I NCJI J?H;F MCAHC@C=; ?LL;L ?G ?F?G?HNIM KO? =IHMNCNO?G I NCJI
I<D?NCPI IO M?D; ?LLI >? NCJI =IG MO;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M NL;TC>;M J?F; F?C
J?H;F
+IN?
M? KO? HI ?F?G?HNI =IAHCNCPI H[I M? ?RCA? ; =IHM=C^H=C; >;
CFC=CNO>? =IGI M? ?RCAC; HI =;OM;FCMGI H?I=FXMMC=I =IHMNLOCH>I
M? >?MM;LN?
OG; PCM[I JOL;G?HN? JMC=IFaAC=; >I >IFI IO M?D; <;MN; ?RCMNCL ; =IG
JL??HM[I @XNC=; >? =CL=OHMNZH=C;M KO? M[I ?F?G?HN;L?M >I NCJI J?H;F m >IFI
H;NOL;F >?MJLIPC>I>?OG;P;FIL;\[I>;CFC=CNO>?
+I KO? >CT L?MJ?CNI Y =IH>ON; IGCMMCP; ?G OG JLCG?CLI GIG?HNI
C>?HNC@C=IO
M? I =IH=?CNI Q?FT?HC;HI =IG ; ;\[I[284] G;M ?G @;=? >;M X=C
>;M =L_NC=;M ?MM? =IH=?CNI MI@L?O ;FN?L;\d?M ?G MO; =IH=?J\[I >? GI>I ;
;<;L=;L N;G<]G I =IH=?CNI >? IGCMM[I -I>?
M? ;@CLG;L ?G M_HN?M? KO? ;
IGCMM[I @CH;FCMN; PCMN; >; =IH=?J\[I IHNIFaAC=; =IHMCMN? ?G OG; ;<MN?H\[I
>? ;\[I >?N?LGCH;>; >?M>? KO? M?D; JIMM_P?F ;I MOD?CNI ;NO;L =IH=L?N;G?HN?
J;L; ?PCN;L I L?MOFN;>I ?RCACH>I
M? J;L; ?MM; ;@?LC\[I I =IHB?=CG?HNI >I
;A?HN? >; >CL?\[I @CH;F >; ;\[I =ILL?F;N; Y IGCMM[I ?MN;H>I ?F? ?G =IH
>C\d?M >? L?=IHB?=?L ? >? JI>?L M?F?=CIH;L IM G?CIM ;JNIM J;L; F?P;L ; ?@?CNI
II<D?NCPI=;J;=C>;>?>?JF;H?D;G?HNI

.O;HNI Y =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?F; ] ?MP;TC;>; >? ?F?G?HNIM JM_KOC=IM

NILH;H>I
M? OHC=;G?HN? HILG;NCP; @CLG;H>I
M? ; N?ILC; HILG;NCP; JOL; >;
=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
-;L; ?MM; N?ILC; IM ?F?G?HNIM ?MM?H=C;CM Y ?RCMN^H=C; >? =OFJ;<CFC>
;>? M[I ; =;J;=C>;>? >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? CGJON;<CFC>;>? I =IHB?=CG?HNI ;I

G?HIM JIN?H=C;F >; CFC=CNO>? ? ; ?RCAC<CFC>;>? >? =IH>ON; >CP?LM; ?F?G?HNIM
KO?M?L[I?MGCO\;>IMG;CM;>C;HN?
-I>?
M? L?MOGCL I @CH;FCMGI M?AOCH>I 'O;L?T CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM ?G
OG MCMN?G; KO? N?P? =IGI CHIP;\[I =?HNL;F ; CHNLI>O\[I >I >IFI ? IONLIM
?F?G?HNIM MO<D?NCPIM HI NCJI MO<D?NCPI >IM =LCG?M >IFIMIM I KO? L?MOFNIO H;M
M?AOCHN?M =IHM?KO^H=C;M MCMN?GXNC=;M o; M?J;L;\[I ?HNL? >IFI =IGI PIHN
;>? >; L?;FCT;\[I >I @;NI ? =IHM=C^H=C; >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? =IGI ?F?G?HNI
=?HNL;F >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? KO? @OH>;G?HN; ; L?JLIP;\[I >I ;ONIL J?F; @ILG
;\[I >?@?CNOIM; >; PIHN;>? < >CM=CJFCH; >I ?LLI ?G =ILL?MJIH>^H=C; =IG
?MM;M GO>;H\;M MCMN?GXNC=;M ?LLI >? NCJI ?R=FO>?HN? >I >IFI ? JIL ?R
N?HM[I >I NCJI ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I =IG ?R=FOM[I >; L?JLIP;\[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>
;>? M? CH?PCNXP?F IO L?>O\[I >; L?JLIP;\[I >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? M? ?PCNXP?F
= MO<D?NCP;\[I >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? =IHMNCNO_>; J?FI >?MP;FIL >; ;\[I =IGI
CHDOMNI J?MMI;F L?JL?M?HN;>I J?FI >IFI ? IONLIM ?F?G?HNIM MO<D?NCPIM ? J?FI
>?MP;FIL >? L?MOFN;>I =IGI F?M[I >I I<D?NI >; ;\[I ?RJL?MMCPI >I >;HI MI
=C;F JLI>OTC>I > HILG;NCPCT;\[I CHN?AL;F >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGI L?
JLIP;\[I >? OG MOD?CNI =;J;T >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? J?F; L?;FCT;\[I H[I DOMNC
@C=;>; >? OG NCJI >? =LCG? =IG =IHM=C^H=C; >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? L?;F IO JIM
M_P?F??GMCNO;\[I>??RCAC<CFC>;>?>?=IGJILN;G?HNI>CP?LMIp[285]
!?P?
M? ;>P?LNCL =IG %CLM=B KO? I @CH;FCMGI H[I JL?AIO m ? H[I
JL?A; m OG; P?LN?HN? JOL;G?HN? IHNIFaAC=; =IG ; M?J;L;\[I ?MN;HKO? >I
GOH>I >I M?L ? I GOH>I >I !CL?CNI G;M JIMNOF; KO? ; >IAGXNC=; ; F?ACM
F;\[I ? ; DOMNC\; L?MJ?CN?G o;M ?MNLONOL;M ? ;M >?G;CM ?F?G?HN;L?M ?MM?H=C;CM

JL]
DOL_>C=;M IO JL]
DOL_>C=I
J?H;CM >IM L?MJ?=NCPIM I<D?NIM >;M L?AOF;
G?HN;\d?M>I!CL?CNI-?H;Fp[286]

+I KO? M? L?@?L? Y =OFJ;<CFC>;>? CHN?AL;L IO H[I I =IH=?CNI >? =LCG?

J;L;I@CH;FCMGI <I;M>CM=OMMd?MM[INL;P;>;M
&H?A;P?FG?HN? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGJd? I =IH=?CNI >? >?FCNI J;L; I

GI>?FI =;OM;FCMN; N;HNI =FXMMC=I =IGI H?I=FXMMC=I B?A;
M? ; ?MM; =IH
=FOM[I KO;H>I M? J?L=?<? KO? N;HNI ?G OG =IGI ?G IONLI GI>?FI I >IFI ?

; =OFJ; M[I ;FI=;>IM H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ? JIL ?MM? GINCPI F?P;G Y =IG
JL??HM[I >? KO? H[I BX =LCG? M?G =OFJ;<CFC>;>? PCMNI H[I B;P?L =LCG? M?G
>IFIIO HIG_HCGI =OFJ;
"MM; L?;FC>;>? NI>;PC; H[I ?MNX <?G ;MM?HN;>; HI GI>?FI @C
H;FCMN; OG; P?T KO? ;FAOHM >IONLCH;>IL?M I ?HN?H>?G =IGI MCHbHCGI >? ?M
NLONOL; ;H;F_NC=; <CJ;LNC>; >? =LCG? =IGJL??H>?H>I H?MM? =IH=?CNI I @;NI

N_JC=I ? ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? AL;@;H>I
M? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGI G?LI JL?M
MOJIMNI >? J?H; +?MM? M?HNC>I >?HNL? IONLIM !;GXMCI " >? '?MOM ? 'OFCI
#;<<LCHC*CL;<?N?[287]
-IL MO; P?T BX M?NIL >IONLCHXLCI KO? G?MGI ;MMOGCH>I ; ;=?J\[I
@CH;FCMN; >I >?FCNI ?HN?H>? KO? ; ?MNLONOL; NLCJ;LNCN? J?LMCMN? m =IGI ?R?G
JFIM vide #L;H=CM=I >? MMCM 1IF?>I ?T;L /I<?LNI CN?H=IOLN ? %?F?HI
FXO>CI#L;AIMI[288]
,M ;>?JNIM >; N?ILC; <CJ;LNC>; =IMNOG;G <OM=;L LI<OMN?T Y MO; ;L
AOG?HN;\[I?G;FAOHMJIHNIMCHN?L?MM;HN?M in exemplis
; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ] OG DO_TI >? P;FIL ? JIL ?MM; L;T[I H[I ?MNX ;NL?
F;>;;I@;NI?GMC G;MH;=;<?\;>;KO?F?MKO?I;JL?=C;G
< JIL H[I J?LN?H=?L ;I @;NI ?G MC ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? H[I JI>? CHN?A
L;L M?O =IH=?CNI I KO? FB? =IH@?L? I LaNOFI >? G?LI JL?MMOJIMNI >? ;JFC=;\[I
>?J?H;
= I a>CAI -?H;F JIMMOC CH>_=CIM >? KO? ; ?MNLONOL; >I =LCG? ?MNX
;J;LN;>; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? OG >IM CH>_=CIM G;CM H_NC>IM ?MNX H; JL?PCM[I >I
g I >I ;LN >I L?@?LC>I >CJFIG; ;NCH?HN? ;I >?FCNI >? L?=?JN;\[I KO?
J?LGCN? ; ?RCMN^H=C; >I =LCG? ;CH>; KO? I ;ONIL >I @;NI >? KO? JLIP?CI ;
=ICM; M?D; >?M=IHB?=C>I IO CM?HNI >? J?H; M?AOCH>I ?MM? L;=CI=_HCI M? ;

L?=?JN;\[I >?J?H>? >? OG @;NI >?FCNOIMI ;HN?LCIL ? J?FI >CMJIMCNCPI ?G

=IG?HNI N;F =LCG? JI>? M?L JL;NC=;>I JIL ;FAO]G CM?HNI >? J?H; ;>IN;
M? ;
JIMMC<CFC>;>?>?=LCG?M?G=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
*;CM ;=?LN;>I HI ?HN;HNI m =IG ; >?PC>; L?P?L^H=C; YKO?F?M KO?
JIMNOF;G ?G M?HNC>I =IHNLXLCI m MOMN?HN;L OG; N?ILC; NLCJ;LNC>; >? >?FCNI
M?H>I NI>IM IM ;LAOG?HNIM ;JL?M?HN;>IM J?FIM ;>?JNIM >? OG; ?MNLONOL; <C
J;LNC>;>?@X=CF=IHNL;JIMC\[I
IGI GOCNI <?G ;MMCH;F; ?T;L /I<?LNI CN?H=IOLN I JLaJLCI

4?FT?F G;HN?P? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? H; ?MNLONOL; >I >?FCNI ? I @?T CHC=C;FG?HN?
;@;MN;H>I OG; =IH@OM[I M?GZHNC=; , C>?;FCT;>IL >I @CH;FCMGI o@LCMIO KO? q;
?MM^H=C; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ] ; L?JLIP;<CFC>;>?r !?MN;=IO ;CH>; KO? GOCN;M
P?T?M N;G<]G M? >?HIGCH; q; L?JLIP;<CFC>;>? L?JLIP;\[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?
; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? DO_TI >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>?r q&MNI H[I ] HI=CPI m JLIMM?AO?
4?FT?F m M? M?GJL? M? NCP?L JL?M?HN? I =;LXN?L G?N;@aLC=I >?MN;M ?RJL?MMd?M ?
M? F?G<L;L KO? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ] KO;FC>;>? H?A;NCP; >; JLaJLC; ;\[I >I ;ONIL
? H[I ?MNX FI=;FCT;>; H; =;<?\; >;M IONL;M J?MMI;M KO? DOFA;G ; ;\[Ir
p[289]
"G IONL;M J;F;PL;M BX KO? M? >C@?L?H=C;L o=OFJ;<CFC>;>?p >? oDO_TI

>? =OFJ;<CFC>;>?p =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?G MC ] KO;FC>;>? >; =IH>ON; CHNL_HM?=;
JILN;HNI ;I @;NI
=LCG? IJ?L;\[I I=ILLC>; @IL; >I ;A?HN? IO M?D; JIL
;KO?F? KO? ;JL?=C; I @;NI JL;NC=;>I ? A I DOCT H[I M? =IH@OH>? =IG ;
L?JLIP;<CFC>;>? =IH@CAOL;H>I
M? ?G P?L>;>? ?G OG DO_TI >? L?JLIP;\[I
J;L; ; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; +?MM? M?HNC>I CLL?NI=XP?F ; FC\[I >? ?T;L /I<?LNI
CN?H=IOLN
oV JL?=CMI >?MN;=;L KO? =?HMOLXP?F ] ; =IH>ON; >I ;A?HN? ? MCAHC@C=;
q=;L;=N?L_MNC=; H?A;NCP;r >; MO; ;\[I J?L;HN? ; IL>?G DOL_>C=; " qDO_TI >? =?H
MOL;r m ?MNLCN;G?HN? @;F;H>I m ] ; ;P;FC;\[I KO? M? @;T >; =IH>ON; >I ;A?HN?
=IH=?<?H>I
; =IGI =?HMOLXP?F IO CH=?HMOLXP?F "MM; ;P;FC;\[I MCG m DO_TI
>? =?HMOL; m ] @?CN; J?FI ;JFC=;>IL >; F?C J?FI DOFA;>IL >; ;\[I JIL ?MM;
L;T[I >CT
M? KO? ?MNX H; =;<?\; >I DOCT -IL NO>I CMMI >?P?
M? ?PCN;L I OMI
G?N;@aLC=I >? DO_TI >? =?HMOL; =IGI M? @IMM? MCHbHCGI >? =?HMOL;<CFC>;>?

KO? =IHMNCNOCH>I ; ?MM^H=C; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IHNCHO; OG ;NLC<ONI >I

=LCG? , DO_TI >? =?HMOL; ?MNX J;L; ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;MMCG =IGI I DO_TI >? ;H
NCDOLC>C=C>;>??MNXJ;L;;;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?p[290]
@CLG;L KO? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ] G?LI JL?MMOJIMNI >? ;JFC=;\[I >?
J?H; N;G<]G H[I F?P; ; OG; M?AOL; >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ? I
=LCG? >? GI>I ; >?MN;=X
F; >I =IH=?CNI >?MN? "G H[I B;P?H>I I CHDOMNI
N_JC=I CAO;FG?HN? H[I M?LX JIMM_P?F ; ;JFC=;\[I >? J?H; I KO? F?P; Y =IH
=FOM[I >? KO? H[I Ma ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ] JL?MMOJIMNI >? J?H; G;M N;G<]G I
@;NIN_JC=I?;;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?[291]
-IL @CG KO;HNI Y JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? =LCG? M?G =OFJ;<CFC>;>?
MOJIMN;G?HN? ;N?MN;>; J?FI g I >I ;LN >I - <;MN; >CT?L KO? N;F >CM
JIMCNCPI H[I @IC OG; CHIP;\[I NL;TC>; J?F;M L?=?HN?M ;FN?L;\d?M >I a>CAI
-?H;F PCA?H>I JILN;HNI >?M>? +[I M? JI>? >?MM;LN? ;@CLG;L M?L ?MM?
OG CH>_=CI >; ;>I\[I >; N?ILC; <CJ;LNC>; J?FI a>CAI -?H;F OG; P?T KO? ;M
C>?C;M >? 4?FT?F ;CH>; H[I NCHB;G A;HB;>I ?=I H; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F I KO?
MIG?HN? I=ILL?O ?G =IG L?@ILG; >; -;LN? $?L;F >I a>CAI -?H
;F[292]
=IGJIMC\[I NL;TC>; J?FI >CMJIMCNCPI ?G ;HXFCM? JI>?

M? =IH=FOCL
=IG ?T;L /I<?LNI CN?H=IOLN @OH>;
M? ?G KO?MN[I >? JIF_NC=; =LCGCH;F L?J
L?M?HN;H>I ; ;>I\[I >IM JIMNOF;>IM >; N?ILC; >; ;=?MMILC?>;>? FCGCN;>;

<?G =IGI ; =IHM;AL;\[I >? OG J?HM;G?HNI =ILL?HN? >? KO? oJCIL KO? I F;>
L[I ] I L?=?JN;>IL JIMNI KO? ; ;OM^H=C; >?MN? ?H@L;KO?=? I ?MN_GOFI

>;KO?F?p[293]
-?FIM ;LAOG?HNIM ?RJIMNIM ?F?A?

M? =IGI JL?GCMM; KO? I =IH=?CNI
;H;F_NC=I >? =LCG? N;G<]G J;L; I @CH;FCMGI =IH>?HM; IM NL^M ?F?G?HNIM
A?H]LC=IM=IH>ON;N_JC=; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>??=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
2.1.3.4. Funcionalismo penal
, @CH;FCMGI C>?;FCT;>I JIL 4?FT?F H[I @C=IO CGOH? ; ;N;KO?M B;P
?H>I =L_NC=;M KO? JI>?G M?L =IH>?HM;>;M JLCG?CLI ?G F;OM /IRCH KO?
>?M>?ICH_=CI>IM;HIM GIMNLIO
M?CGJF;=XP?F=L_NC=I>I@CH;FCMGI

"MM; PCM[I =L_NC=; ?H=?LL;P; ; N?HN;NCP; >? =LC;L OG HIPI MCMN?G; >?
!CL?CNI -?H;F I MCMN?G; @OH=CIH;FCMN; IO =IGI I =B;G; I JLaJLCI /IRCH I
oMCMN?G;L;=CIH;F
@CH;Fp[294] >?M?HPIFPC>I;J;LNCL>IM;HIM [295]
"MM; ILCA?G >I @OH=CIH;FCMGI NI>;PC; H[I ] J;=_@C=; B;P?H>I IM
KO? >?@?H>;G KO? I @OH=CIH;FCMGI =IGI GI>?FI ;ONbHIGI ILCACH;
M? ?G
P?L>;>? ?G KO;H>I $fHNB?L ';EI<M JIL CLIHC; I G;CM CGJILN;HN? >IM
>CM=_JOFIM >? 4?FT?F JO<FC=; ; JLCG?CL; ?>C\[I >? M?O NL;N;>I >? !CL?CNI
-?H;F ?PC>?H=C;H>I HI JLaFIAI >; I<L; OG; =L_NC=; ;I MCMN?G; @CH;FCMN; KO?
G;L=IOICH_=CI>I@OH=CIH;FCMGIJ?H;F[296]
!? KO;FKO?L @ILG; >?P?
M? @CLG;L KO? I @OH=CIH;FCMGI J?H;F ?H
=IHNL; ?G F;OM /IRCH J?H;FCMN; >? *OHCKO? ? ?G $fHNB?L ';EI<M J?H
;FCMN; >? IHH M?OM >ICM G;CIL?M ?RJI?HN?M GOCNI ?G<IL; H[I ;JL?M?HN?G
?MM?M>ICM;ONIL?M=ICH=C>?HN?JIMNOF;\[I>?>IAG;M@OH=CIH;CM
"G F;LA;M J;F;PL;M =LCNC=;

M? HI @CH;FCMGI ? HIM MCMN?G;M ;HN?
=?>?HN?M ; M?>CG?HN;\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F ?G OG =IH=?CNI >? >?FCNI =IH
MNLO_>I MI<L? ?MNLONOL;M FaAC=I

I<D?NCP;M IO FaAC=I
L?;CM JL??RCMN?HN?M OG;
P?LN?HN?IHNIFaAC=;>I!CL?CNIKO?FCGCN;IF?ACMF;>IL
!?P?
M? ?G P?T >CMMI <OM=;L ; >?@CHC\[I >;M =;N?AILC;M ?MM?H=C;CM
>I >?FCNI J;LNCH>I
M? >IM @CHM ? @OH\d?M >I JLaJLCI !CL?CNI JILN;HNI >? =IH
=?CNIM HILG;NCPIM KO? A;L;HN?G ;I F?ACMF;>IL OG; ;ONIHIGC; H[I G;CM ?MN
;H>I PCH=OF;>I HI GIG?HNI >? C>?;FCT;L ; HILG; J?H;F ; ?MNLONOL;M JL??R
CMN?HN?M;M?L?G?RJFIL;>;MJ?FI!CL?CNI-?H;F[297]
<;H>IH;
M? OG; P?LN?HN? IHNIFaAC=; ? J;MM;
M? ; J?LM?AOCL OG;
=IH=?J\[I >?IHNIFaAC=; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F[298] =IFILC>; J?F;M P?LN?HN?M =IH
NL;JIMN;M>?/IRCH?';EI<M KO?M?L[I;>C;HN?MO=CHN;G?HN??RJF;H;>;M
A) O funcionalismo penal de Claus Roxin

F;OM /IRCH H;KOCFI KO? >?HIGCH; MCMN?G; L;=CIH;F
@CH;F JLIJd?
OG; ?MNLONOL;\[I >I >?FCNI >? ;=IL>I =IG IM @CHM >; J?H;[299] =ODIM

P?NIL?M ?MN[I H; JIF_NC=; =LCGCH;F[300] ?G OG; J?L@?CN; OHC>;>? MCMN?GXN
C=; ?HNL? JIF_NC=; =LCGCH;F ? !CL?CNI -?H;F[301] ?G KO? ;M ?MNLONOL;M KO?

=IGJd?G I >?FCNI >?P?G L?@F?NCL ; @CH;FC>;>? >; J?H;[302] <;H>IH;
M?
OG; N?HN;NCP; >? >?@CHC\[I >? <;M?M >I >?FCNI =IG PCM[I IHNIFIAC=CMN; J;L;
CGJOFMCIH;L OG MCMN?G; >? ILC?HN;\[I @OH=CIH;FCMN; DX KO? I =ILL?NI ?MNO>I
>?P? J;LNCL >; N?M? >? OG GI>?LHI MCMN?G; ?MNLONOL;>I N?F?IFIAC=;G?HN? IO
M?D; =IHMNLO_>I =IG ;N?H\[I YM @CH;FC>;>?M P;FIL;NCP;M[303] "MM; PCM[I CG
JILN; ?G OG L?NILHI ;I H?IE;HNCMGI >; >]=;>; >? [304] CH?<LC;H>I

PXLC;M=IHMNLO\d?MHI!CL?CNI-?H;F;F?G[I
-;LNCH>I >?MM? JL?MMOJIMNI ; MO<MNZH=C; JLCH=CJ;F >? MO; N?ILC; L?
JIOM; ?G OG; L?>?@CHC\[I >;M ?MNLONOL;M =IGJIH?HN?M >I >?FCNI NO>I =IH
@ILG? I oHIPI MCMN?G; ;RCIFaAC=Ip =IG ^H@;M? JLCH=CJ;F ?G >ICM JIHNIM ;

CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; ? ; L?@ILGOF;\[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? KO? M? NL;HM@ILG; ?G
L?MJIH
M;<CFC>;>?[305]
+; ;\[I ?G<IL; ; N?HB; =IHMC>?L;>I >IN;>; >? G?LI P;FIL ?MN]NC=I
?G =IHMNLO\[I CHC=C;F >? [306] ?PIFOC M?O L;=CI=_HCI J;L; >?M=L?P^
F;
=IGI OG; =IHM?KO^H=C; >? OG; P;FIL;\[I P;FIL;\[I ?MN; KO? >CLX ?G KO;CM
BCJaN?M?M >?P? ;FAO]G >?CR;L
M? CGJON;L JIL OG =IGJILN;G?HNI[307]
+?A; ; JL??RCMN^H=C; >; =IH>ON; =IGI >;>I bHNC=I ;I ;@CLG;L KO? ; oOHC>
;>? >; ;\[I H[I ] >?@CH_P?F JIL OG >;>I JL]PCI ?GJ_LC=I H?G ; =;OM;FC>;>?
N;GJIO=I OG =IGJILN;G?HNI PIFOHNXLCI IO ; @CH;FC>;>? KO? M? ?H=IHNL; H;
<;M? >? NI>;M ;M @ILG;M >? G;HC@?MN;\[I >I =IGJILN;G?HNI JOH_P?F "MN;
OHC>;>? M? =IHMNCNOC CMMI MCG ;NL;P]M >? OG G?MGI ;MJ?=NI P;FIL;NCPI ;F
AO]G ;ACO KO;H>I OG >?N?LGCH;>I ?@?CNI >?F? >?=ILL?HN? IO H[I >?=IL
L?HN? FB? JIMM; M?L ;NLC<O_>I ?HKO;HNI J?MMI; CMNI ] ?HKO;HNI =?HNLI ;H
_GC=I >? ;NCPC>;>? >? GI>I KO? M? JIMM; @;F;L ?G OG q;ACLr IO qIGCNCLr ?
=IGCMMI HOG;q?RN?LCILCT;\[I>;J?LMIH;FC>;>?rp[308]
-?L=?<?
M? HCNC>;G?HN? KO? ; =IH=?J\[I =IG <;M? H;M ?MNLONOL;M
FaAC=I
L?;CM ] >?M=;LN;>; @CLG;H>I
M? ; =IH=?J\[I >? KO? JLCG?CLI NIG;G
M? IM ?@?CNIM KO? MIG?HN? JI>?L[I M?L CGJON;>IM ; ;FAO]G L?=IHB?=?H>I

M?
KO? ?MM? ;FAO]G o;ACOp IO oIGCNCO
M?p ?G @;=? >? ;FAOHM =LCN]LCIM >?@CHC>IM
H; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; N?ILC; >; ;\[I ?G /IRCH JILN;HNI H[I ]

JLIJLC;G?HN? OG; N?ILC; >; ;\[I G;M OG; N?ILC; >; CGJON;\[I OHC@C=;H>I
MI<?MM?MCAHIN;HNI;=IGCMM[IKO;HNI;IGCMM[I
=OFJ;<CFC>;>? A;HB; ; =IHIN;\[I >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? IO M?D; BX

; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? J?H; M? m ? OHC=;G?HN? M? m BIOP?L I G?L?=CG?HNI >?
J?H; "G<IL; M? J;LN; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? M?O JL?MMOJIMNI ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?
;>C=CIH; Y CHP?MNCA;\[I OG ?F?G?HNI ; G;CM ; H?=?MMC>;>? >? JOHC\[I KO?

>?P? M?L J?LKOCLC>; H[I ?G L?F;\[I ;I @;NI G;M ;I ;ONIL IO M?D; H[I M? J?L
AOHN;M?I@;NIH?=?MMCN;>;M;H\[IJ?H;F G;MM?I;ONIL>?F;=;L?=?[309]
IGI >CNI ;=CG; ;F]G >? L?>?@CHCL ;M =;N?AILC;M CHN?AL;HN?M >I >?
FCNI JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? KO? M? NILH; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? I MCM
N?G; >? F;OM /IRCH =?HNL;

M? GOCNI H; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; DX KO? ; CG
JON;\[I>IL?MOFN;>I]GOCNICGJILN;HN?J;L;;=;L;=N?LCT;\[I>??F?G?HNIM
-;L; ; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; >? /IRCH >?P?

M? ?MKO?=?L ; =;OM;FC>;>?
IO ; @CH;FC>;>? >IM MCMN?G;M JL?=?>?HN?M <OM=;H>I
M? ; CGJON;\[I ;I
MOD?CNI >? ;=IL>I =IG I @CG >I !CL?CNI -?H;F IO G?FBIL >? ;=IL>I =IG I
@CG >? JLIN?\[I >; JLaJLC; HILG;[310] +?MM? GCMN?L I ;ONIL C>?HNC@C=; L?
KOCMCNIM H?=?MMXLCIM J;L; ; CGJON;\[I >I >?FCNI ;I M?O ;ONIL C>?HNC@C=;H>I

@;FB;M H; NL;>C=CIH;F ;<IL>;A?G ?G ?MJ?=C;F ?G NL^M ALOJIM >? =;MIM KO?
C>?HNC@C=;HIMM?AOCHN?M?R?GJFIM
o IHMC>?L?GIM ;AIL; KO? >?M?D? JLIPI=;L ; GILN? >? I
;=IHM?FB; ; @;T?L OG; PC;A?G Y #FaLC>; JICM F?O KO? FX OFNCG;G?HN? PXLCIM
NOLCMN;M N^G MC>I ;MM;MMCH;>IM JF;H?D; KO? N;G<]G N?HB; ?MM? >?MNCHI
KO? H;>; IOPCO HIM =;MIM >? ;MM;MMCH;NI H; #FaLC>; @;T ; PC;A?G >? @]LC;M
? >? @;NI ] P_NCG; >? OG >?FCNI >? BIGC=_>CI !?P? M?L JOHC>I JIL BIGC=_
>CI >IFIMI 0? L?>OTCLGIM I NCJI I<D?NCPI ;I H?RI >? =;OM;FC>;>? ?MN; M?LC; ;
=IH=FOM[I @CH;F =;OMIO ;NL;P]M >? M?O =IHM?FBI ; GILN? >? ? ;FG?
D;P;?MM?L?MOFN;>I
,O J?HM?GIM HI =;MI >I BIG?G >? ;J;L^H=C; MOMJ?CN; KO? P;C
=IGJL;L OG JOHB;F ;@C;>I ?G OG; FID; , P?H>?>IL 3 J?HM; =IHMCAI
q1;FP?T ?F? KO?CL; G;N;L ;FAO]G =IG I JOHB;F *;M CMNI >?P? M?L
G? CH>C@?L
?HN?r 1?G 3 >? M?L JOHC>I JIL BIGC=_>CI JL;NC=;>I =IG >IFI ?P?HNO;F H;

BCJaN?M? >? I =IGJL;>IL L?;FG?HN? ;JOHB;F;L ;FAO]G ,<D?NCP;G?HN? 3

=IHMNCNOCO OG; =;OM; J;L; ; GILN? >; P_NCG; ? MO<D?NCP;G?HN? ;MMOGCO I
LCM=I>?KO?N;FL?MOFN;>II=ILL?MM?
-LI<F?G;M MCGCF;L?M I=ILL?G H;M BCJaN?M?M >? AL;H>? L?F?PZH=C;
JLXNC=; KO? M[I ;M >? >?MPCI H; =;OM;FC>;>? )CGCNI
G? ;I =IHB?=C>I ?R?G
JFI ?M=IF;L ?G KO? ;NCL; ?G =IG CHN?H\[I >? G;NX

FI G;M MIG?HN? I
@?L? , @?LC>I ] F?P;>I JIL OG; ;G<OFZH=C; ; OG; =F_HC=; G;M I=ILL? OG
;=C>?HN? >? NLZHMCNI PCH>I ; @;F?=?L IG?N?O OG >?FCNI =IHMOG;>I >?
BIGC=_>CI "F? =?LN;G?HN? =;OMIO ; GILN? >? HI M?HNC>I >; N?ILC; >; ?KOC
P;F^H=C; ? N;G<]G ; ;FG?DIO 0? ;CH>; ;MMCG H[I >?P? B;P?L OG >?FCNI =IH
MOG;>I >? BIGC=_>CI CMNI ] >C@_=CF >? @OH>;G?HN;L >I JIHNI >? PCMN; >? OG;
=IGJL??HM[I=;OM;F>INCJII<D?NCPI
IGI ?R?GJFI >I N?L=?CLI ALOJI >? =;MIM KO?LI F?G<L;L ;

BCJaN?M? ?RNL;IL>CH;LC;G?HN? =IGOG >; ?HNL?A; >? NaRC=IM &G;ACH?GIM
KO? P?H>; B?LI_H; ; ,M >ICM M;<?G KO? ; CHD?\[I >? =?LN; KO;HNC>;>? >?
NaRC=I A?L; J?LCAI >? PC>; G;M ;MMOG?G I LCM=I >? KO? ; GILN? I=ILL; I
@;T JILKO? I KO? FB? CHN?L?MM; ] JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? I >CHB?CLI ? JIL =IHMC>
?L;L ; MO; PC>; DX ?MNL;A;>; ? Ma MOJILNXP?F MII >? ?HNILJ?=CG?HNI

!?P? M?L JOHC>I JIL BIGC=_>CI =IG?NC>I =IG >IFI ?P?HNO;F H; BCJaN?M?
>? L?;FG?HN? CHD?N;L ?G MC I NaRC=I ? ?G >?=ILL^H=C; >CMMI GILL?L
=;OM;FC>;>? >? J;L; ; GILN? >? <?G =IGI M?O >IFI ?P?HNO;F
?H=IHNL;G
M? @IL; >? >ePC>; 0? =IHMC>?L;LGIM ; =;OM;FC>;>? MO@C=C?HN? J;L;
;L?;FCT;\[I>INCJII<D?NCPI N?L?GIMKO?=IH=FOCLJ?F;JOHC\[Ip[311]
-;L; MIFO=CIH;L IM JLI<F?G;M >; ;<IL>;A?G NL;>C=CIH;F /IRCH

JLIJd? KO? ; CGJON;\[I Ma ?RCMN; KO;H>I BIOP?L ; =IHMN;N;\[I >? NL^M ?F?
G?HNIM ; =LC;\[I >? OG LCM=I H[I J?LGCNC>I ; L?;FCT;\[I >I LCM=I A?L;>I ?
KO? I L?MOFN;>I ?MN?D; ;<L;HAC>I J?FI ;F=;H=? >I NCJI J?H;F =IHDOA;H>I
M?
=IGIJLCH=_JCI>;;ONILL?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?
A?L;\[I >I LCM=I H[I J?LGCNC>I P?LC@C=;

M? J?F; =LC;\[I >? OG;
MCNO;\[I >? ;@?N;\[I ; OG <?G DOL_>C=I ;I ;LL?JCI >; HILG; F?A;F .O;H>I
;I =IHNLXLCI ; J?MMI; A?L; MCG OG LCM=I G;M ?MM? LCM=I ?MNX ;<;L=;>I J?F;

HILG; F?A;F =IGI HI =;MI >I P?H>?>IL >I JOHB;F BX >? ;@;MN;L
M? ; CG
JON;\[I >I L?MOFN;>I !?P?

M? JL?MNCAC;L H; PCM[I >I ;ONIL I JLCH=_JCI >;
=IH@C;H\; ?HN?H>?H>I
M? KO? M? ;FAO]G A?L; OG LCM=I KO? ; F?C FB? J?LGCN?
;M >?G;CM J?MMI;M IM KO? =IG ?F? CHN?L;A?G =OGJLCL[I M?O J;J?F >?HNLI >;
JL?M=LC\[I >; F?C MMCG JIL ?R?GJFI I=ILL? HI NLX@?AI >? P?_=OFIM KO? JIL
MC Ma L?JL?M?HN; LCM=I ?G JIN?H=C;F -IL]G KO;H>I ;FAO]G FCA; M?O =;LLI ? I
=IFI=; ?G GIPCG?HNI ;J?M;L >? ?MN;L A?L;H>I OG LCM=I J;L; IM NL;HM?OHN?M
? >?G;CM GINILCMN;M JI>? >?MFI=;L
M? M?G I G?>I >; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J?H
;F J;LNCH>I >I JL?MMOJIMNI >? KO? IM >?G;CM N;G<]G I<M?LP;L[I ;M L?AL;M

I J?>?MNL? ;NL;P?MM;LX H; @;CR; I IONLI GINILCMN; J;L;LX I >?MFI=;G?HNI
?GMCH;FM?G;@aLC=IP?LG?FBI?N=[312]
>?G;CM J;L; ; CGJON;\[I >I L?MOFN;>I ] JL?=CMI KO? I LCM=I

A?L;>I M? =IH=L?NCT? M?D; L?;FCT;>I HI =;MI ?G ;HXFCM? -IL ?R?GJFI H;
BCJaN?M? OG CH>CP_>OI <;F?;>I KO? GILL? ?G =IHM?KO^H=C; >? OG ;=C>?HN?
=IG ; ;G<OFZH=C; KO? @;TC; MO; L?GI\[I J;L; ;N?H>CG?HNI BIMJCN;F;L I
LCM=I A?L;>I @IC J?FI >CMJ;LI >; ;LG; >? @IAI JIL]G H[I @IC ?MM? LCM=I KO?
A?LIO ; MO; GILN? JILN;HNI ; GILN? H[I JI>? M?L CGJON;>; ;I ;ONIL >I >CM
J;LI[313]
-IL @CG ] JL?=CMI KO? I L?MOFN;>I P?LC@C=;>I ?MN?D; ;<;L=;>I J?FI

ZG<CNI >? JLIN?\[I >I NCJI J?H;F I KO? ?R=FOCLC; ; CGJON;\[I HI ?R?GJFI
;HN?LCILG?HN? =CN;>I , ;NI >? ?HNL?A;L ; >LIA; =IHMNCNOC OG LCM=I JLIC<C>I ?
I L?MOFN;>I GILN? ;N?MN; KO? ?MM? LCM=I M? L?;FCTIO =IH=L?NCTIO
M? HI GOH>I
L?;F &MMI HI ?HN;HNI H[I <;MN;LC; J;L; ; CGJON;\[I V JL?=CMI =IH@CLG;L
KO? I L?MOFN;>I ?MNX H; FCHB; JLIN?NCP; >I NCJI J?H;F ? KO? H[I BIOP? ; ;ONI
=IFI=;\[I >? LCM=I >; P_NCG; "MM; =IHMNLO\[I ;@;MN;LC; ; CGJON;\[I HI =;MI
?R?GJFC@C=;>I H[I JI>?H>I M?L JOH_P?F ; J;LNC=CJ;\[I ?G OG; ;ONI
=IFI=;\[I ?G J?LCAI >; P_NCG; oKO;H>I BIOP?L JIL J;LN? >; P_NCG; OG;
=IGJF?N; PCM[I >I LCM=I =IGI HI HIMMI =;MI ?G KO? ?RCMN? OG MOC=_>CI JL;N
C=;>I =IG >IFI ?P?HNO;F , ;F=;H=? >I NCJI Reichweite ds Tatbestands

H[I ;<L;HA? ?MN; BCJaN?M? JICM =IGI >?GIHMNL; ; CGJOHC>;>? >? J;LNC
=CJ;\[I ?G MOC=_>CI I >?@?CNI JLIN?NCPI >; HILG; ?H=IHNL; M?O FCGCN? H;

;ONILL?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?>;P_NCG;p[314]

B) O funcionalismo penal de Gnther Jakobs

';EI<M @IC G;CM L;>C=;F ?G M?O ACLI >I KO? /IRCH[315] ? MO; <;M?
>? NL;<;FBI J;L; I >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI >; =IH=?J\[I >I >?FCNI ; J;LNCL >? OG
?H@IKO? @OH=CIH;F ;N?H>?H>I ;IM @CHM ? YM @OH\d?M >I !CL?CNI ] ; ?MNLONOL;
MI=C;F?;@OH\[I>;J?H;
?MNLONOL; MI=C;F CH@FO?H=C; MO; N?ILC; ?G NL^M ;MJ?=NIM ;
M;<?L[316]
; HIM @OH>;G?HNIM >; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I ;NL;P]M >; =IGJ?N^H=C;

JILILA;HCT;\[I?>;=IGJ?N^H=C;CHMNCNO=CIH;F
< HI >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI >I =IH=?CNI >? CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; J;LNC=O
F;LG?HN?H;=IH=?J\[I>?;\[I=IGIOG;NI=IGOHC=;NCPI>?L?F?PZH=C;
= ?G OG HIPI =IH=?CNI >? <?G DOL_>C=I >?MP?H=CFB;H>I

M? >? OG;
?MNLONOL;JL??RCMN?HN??@CR;H>I
M?HIL?@IL\I>?PCA^H=C;>;HILG;DOL_>C=;
@OH>;G?HN;\[I >; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F =IG <;M? H; =IG
J?N^H=C; JIL ILA;HCT;\[I ? H; =IGJ?N^H=C; CHMNCNO=CIH;F F?NL; o;p MOMICH
>C=;>; J;LN? >I JLCH=_JCI >? KO? ; ILA;HCT;\[I MI=C;F GI>?LH; ] ?RNL?G;
G?HN? =IGJF?R; =;L;=N?LCT;H>I

M? JIL OG GOH>I IH>? NO>I ] JIM
M_P?F[317] M?H>I H?=?MMXLCI J;L; ; ILC?HN;\[I >IM CH>CP_>OIM ?MN;<?F?=?L

oG?=;HCMGIM KO? L?>OT;G ; =IGJF?RC>;>? ? OG >?F?M ] ; =LC;\[I >? MCMN?G
;M MI=C;CM >?HNLI >IM KO;CM I !CL?CNI G;L=; IM FCGCN?M >; =IH@CAOL;\[I KO? M?
>X ; MC G?MG; ; MI=C?>;>? ? KO? ; =;L;=N?LCT; >? OG; >?N?LGCH;>; G;H?CL;
P A =IGI OG "MN;>I >? !CL?CNI +?MM; N;L?@; >? L?>O\[I >; =IGJF?RC>;>?
BX OG; ?MNLONOL; GOCNI CGJILN;HN? KO? ] ; >; ?RJ?=N;NCP; -;L; @;PIL?=?L ;
ILC?HN;\[I MI=C;F =LC;G
M? ?RJ?=N;NCP;M HI M?HNC>I >? KO? ?O JIMMI ?MJ?L;L
;FAI>?;FAO]G? JILMO;P?T ?MM;J?MMI;JI>??MJ?L;L;FAI>?GCGp[318]
A?L;\[I >? ?RJ?=N;NCP;M JILN;HNI =IHMO<MN;H=C;

M? ?G o?MJCHB;
>ILM;Fp >; ?MNLONOL; MI=C;F @OH=CIH;H>I =IGI L?AL; >? MO; G;HON?H\[I
?MM; ?RJ?=N;NCP; =IHNL;JIH>I
M? YKO?F;M MOLAC>;M >; L?F;\[I >I BIG?G =IG
; H;NOL?T; o?RJ?=N;NCP;M =IAHCNCP;Mp >X
M? I HIG? >? o?RJ?=N;NCP;

HILG;NCP;p PCMNI MOLACL >; CHN?L

L?F;\[I >IM CH>CP_>OIM HI ALOJI MI=C;F L?
AL;>;JILHILG;>?=IH>ON;
IHNO>I ; ?RJ?=N;NCP; JI>? M?L @LOMNL;>; MCAHC@C=;H>I KO? ;FAO]G
H[I M? =IH@ILGIO =IG I L?AL;G?HNI >?F? ?RCAC>I J?F; MI=C?>;>? I KO? H?G
JIL CMMI NL;HM@ILG; ; ?RJ?=N;NCP; HILG;NCP; ?G ?MNLONOL; CH?LN? oH[I M? >?
MCMN? >; ?RJ?=N;NCP; >? OG =;GCHBI MaFC>I ? PCXP?F JIL M? N?L ?M=ILL?A;>I
OG; P?Tp[319] >?M>? KO? M?D; ?GCNC>I OG CGJOFMI =IGOHC=;NCPI HI M?H
NC>I >? KO? ; =IH@ILG;\[I J?MMI;F >I CH>CP_>OI >?MNI;HN? H[I M? MI<L?JIHB;
Y=IH@ILG;\[I=IF?NCP; NL;TC>; in exemplis J?F;HILG;J?H;F
!?MM; @ILG; ; @OH\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F M?LC; ; >? =IGOHC=;L J?F;
CGJIMC\[I >; J?H; KO? H[I M?LX ;=?CN; ; =IH@ILG;\[I >? GOH>I >?MNI;HN?
>I ;A?HN? >? OG @;NI =LCGCHIMI H?A;H>I
M? MO; =IGJL??HM[I >? GOH>I V
>CT?L JIL IONL;M J;F;PL;M KO? ';EI<M =?HNL; H; @CH;FC>;>? >; J?H; ; L;T[I
>I !CL?CNI -?H;F ? J;L; ?F? ; J?H; >?P? N?L ; @CH;FC>;>? >? JL?P?H\[I A?L;F
JIMCNCP;[320] M?AOH>I ; KO;F M?O @CG L?MNLCHA?
M? Y G;HON?H\[I >? PCA^H
=C; >; HILG; =IGI GI>?FI >? L?AOF;\[I >I =IHN;NI MI=C;F IO M?D; I ?M=IJI
JLCH=CJ;F >; ;JFC=;\[I >? OG; J?H; M?LC; L;NC@C=;L ; PCA^H=C; >; HILG; ?G
OG; =IH=?J\[I >C;F]NC=; B?A?FC;H; ?G KO? ; =IH>ON; >?MNI;HN? >I =IG;H>I
HILG;NCPI M?LC; ; H?A;\[I >; HILG; DOL_>C=; JIMN; ? ; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; MCA
HC@C=;LC; ; H?A;\[I >?MM; =IH>ON; >?MPC;HN? I KO? F?P; Y L?;@CLG;\[I >; JLa
JLC; HILG; NL;HMAL?>C>; H?A;\[I >; H?A;\[I >; HILG; ] MO; L?CN?L;\[I >?
PCA^H=C;
,ONLI P?NIL >I MCMN?G; @OH=CIH;F >? ';EI<M ?MNX =?HNL;>I H; CG
JON;\[I I<D?NCP; F?NL; o; J;LNCH>I

M? N;G<]G >? OG;
JL?GCMM; >? ?RJ?=N;NCP; MI=C;F ? L?MP;F;H>I H; L?>?@CHC\[I >? ?F?G?HNIM
A?H]LC=IM>I=LCG? ?G?MJ?=C;F>;;\[I
@OH\[I >; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; HI =IHN?RNI >? MO; N?ILC; ] o>?
N?LGCH;L IM JL?MMOJIMNIM KO? @;T?G >? OG; =;OM;\[I KO;FKO?L >? OG >;>I
H;NOL;FCMN; OG =IGJF?RI MCAHC@C=;NCPI =ODI M?HNC>I =IGOHC=;NCPI ] I KO?M
NCIH;G?HNI >; HILG; OG q?M<I\I >? OG GOH>Ir HI KO;F ; HILG; H[I PCA?
&H=OG<? Y N?ILC; >; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; @ILH?=?L I CHMNLOG?HNXLCI =IH=?CNO;F

=IG <;M? HI KO;F ; MI=C?>;>? CHN?LJL?N; I =IGJILN;G?HNI >? >?N?LGCH;>;

J?MMI; ? I ?HN?H>? =IGI OG =IGJILN;G?HNI >?FCNCPI KO?MNCIH;>IL >;
HILG; q CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; NL;\; IM FCGCN?M ?HNL? I KO? ] MI=C;FG?HN? HIL
G;F? possivelmente N?GM?HNC>I>?FCNCPIrp[321]

0? ?G /IRCH ; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; N?G JIL J?LAOHN; =?HNL;F
oKO;H>Ip I @;NI JI>? M?L CGJON;>I J;L?=? ;KOC M?L ; KO?MN[I @OH>;G?HN;F
J?LKOCLCLoIKO?p =IG<;M?H;?RJ?=N;NCP;MI=C;F JI>?M?LCGJON;>I
"MM; N?ILC; >? CGJON;\[I N?G L?@F?RI >CL?NI H; =IH=?J\[I >? ;\[I
N_JC=; KO? M?LX OHC@C=;>; ?G OG MOJL;=IH=?CNI ;<;L=;H>I N;HNI ; =IH
=?J\[I >? ;\[I =IGI ; >? IGCMM[I >?M>? KO? I ;ONIL >?@L;O>? ; ?RJ?=N;NCP;
MI=C;F ;F;LA;H>I
M? JILN;HNI ; PCM[I >? A;L;HNC>IL HI !CL?CNI -?H;F -I>?
M? ;@CLG;L JILN;HNI KO? J;L; ';EI<M os ser objetivamente tpica a ao

que, de um ponto de vista objetivo, isto , com independncia do que pense
ou deseje o autor, viole um papel; este papel traduz-se, dogmaticamente,
atravs da figura da posio de garantidor ;>IN;>; J?F; >IAGXNC=; NL;>C
=CIH;FG?HN? MIG?HN? J;L; >?FCGCN;L I ZG<CNI >I >?FCNI IGCMMCPI CGJLaJLCI
I ;ONIL MIG?HN? M?L[I CGJON;>IM ;KO?F?M LCM=IM =OD; ?PCN;\[I =OGJL; ; ?F?
A;L;HNCL ;KO?F?M LCM=IM ?G @;=? >IM KO;CM ?F? >?M?GJ?HB? OG; JIMC\[I >?
A;L;HNC>IL m JIO=I CGJILN;H>I M? I ;ONIL JLIPI=; I L?MOFN;>I JIL ;\[I IO
JILIGCMM[Ip[322]
CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; >? ';EI<M ;JL?M?HN; ;J?H;M >ICM L?KOCMCNIM ;
=LC;\[I>ILCM=IDOLC>C=;G?HN?>?M;JLIP;>I?;L?;FCT;\[I>ILCM=IA?L;>I
=LC;\[I >I LCM=I >?M;JLIP;>I J?FI IL>?H;G?HNI J;L; ';EI<M =I
CH=C>? ?R;N;G?HN? =IG ; PCIF;\[I >? >?P?L =IHNLXLCI YM ?RJ?=N;NCP;M MI=C;CM ?

JI>?M?L;@;MN;>I?GKO;NLIMCNO;\d?M[323]
LCM=I J?LGCNC>I m ;KO?F? KO? JL;NC=; ;FAI =IGJL??H>C>I J?F; ?R
J?=N;NCP; MI=C;F H[I ; PCIF; H[I JI>?H>I M?L L?MJIHM;<CFCT;>I JIL ?R?GJFI
?G OG ;=C>?HN? >? NLZHMCNI ?G KO? A ? B =IFC>?G ? A ?MNX ?G P?FI=C>;>?
J?LGCNC>; ? B ?G P?FI=C>;>? MOJ?LCIL ;I FCGCN? J?L>?H>I I =IHNLIF? >I
;ONIGaP?F A ;J?M;L >? ?MN;L =IH>OTCH>I I P?_=OFI A?L;H>I LCM=I >? =IFCM[I

=IGI ;FCXM I=ILL?O H[I L?MJIH>?LX J?FI @;NI JICM MO; =IH>ON; J;ONIO
M? H;
A?L;\[IJ?LGCNC>;>?LCM=I
JLCH=_JCI >; =IH@C;H\; m =IGI oH?G NO>I CH=OG<? ; NI
>IMp[324] =;>; KO;F JI>?LX =IH@C;L KO? IM >?G;CM CHN?AL;HN?M >I =ILJI
MI=C;F =IGJILN;L
M?
[I >? @ILG; <;FCT;>; J?F; HILG; H[I L?MJIH>?H>I I
;ONIL M? M? G;HNCP?L HI ZG<CNI >? MO; ?M@?L; >? ;NLC<OC\d?M ? IONL; J?MMI;
NL;HMAL?>CL ; ?RJ?=N;NCP; ?HPIFP?H>I

I HI @;NI JIL ?R?GJFI ?MN;LC; ?R
=FO_>; ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >I P?H>?>IL >? JOHB;F ;=CG; =CN;>I =IGI ?R?G
JFI >? /IRCH DX KO? MO; =IH>ON; J;LNC; >I JLCH=_JCI >? KO? I =IGJL;>IL >I
JOHB;FCLC;N;G<]GJILN;L
M?=IH@ILG?;HILG;
JLIC<C\[I >? L?AL?MMI m ;CH>; KO? I =IGJILN;G?HNI >I ;A?HN?

M?D; H?ONLI CMNI ] H[I B;D; L?JLIP;\[I H?G ;JLIP;\[I >; =IH>ON; I ;A?HN?
H[I JI>?LX L?MJIH>?L M? ;FAO]G >?F? P;F?L
M? J;L; @CH;FC>;>? =LCGCHIM; ;M
MCG ? A M? ;FAO]G =IGJL; OG; J;MM;A?G J;L; OG; J?MMI; I KO? MI=C;F
G?HN? H?G M?KO?L JI>? M?L =IHMC>?L;>I OG LCM=I H[I =IHNLIF;>I JILN;HNI
>? =?LN; H?ONL;FC>;>? ? ?MM; J?MMI; DX HI FOA;L >? >?MNCHI ] GILN; ; L?
MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?FI @;NI H[I >?P? L?=;CL MI<L? ;KO?F? KO? =IGJLIO ;
J;MM;A?G
=IGJ?N^H=C; >; P_NCG; m KO;H>I I LCM=I ?MNCP?L HI ZG<CNI >?

=IGJ?N^H=C; >; P_NCG; =IGI HI =;MI >I NL;@C=;HN? =CN;>I JIL /IRCH KO?
P?H>? B?LI_H; H[I BX @;F;L ?G L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F J;L; KO?G JL;NC=IO ;
=IH>ON;CHC=C;F
IGI M? J?L=?<? I N?L=?CLI ?F?G?HNI >; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; >?

/IRCH m ?RCA^H=C; >? KO? I L?MOFN;>I L?;FCT;>I ?MN?D; HI ZG<CNI >? JLIN?\[I
>; HILG; m CH?RCMN? H; ?MNLONOL; >? ';EI<M M?H>I ;<L;HAC>I J?FI =LCN]LCI >?
A?L;\[I>ILCM=I>?M;JLIP;>I
IGI eFNCGI ?F?G?HNI J;L; ; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; H; PCM[I >I

;ONIL ?MNO>;>I ] H?=?MMXLCI KO? I LCM=I A?L;>I M? L?;FCT? +?MM; CHP?MN
CA;\[I H[I M? H?A; ; H?=?MMC>;>? >? B;P?L H?RI =;OM;F =IGI JIHNI >?
J;LNC>; ;I G?HIM HIM >?FCNIM >? L?MOFN;>I m ?H=IHNL;
M? ;KOC G;CM OG;
>C@?L?H\; >; =IH=?J\[I >? /IRCH KO? H[I NL;<;FB; =IG ; C>?C; >?

=;OM;FC>;>? @_MC=; m >?JICM J;MM;

M? ; P?LC@C=;L KO;F >IM LCM=IM =IH=ILL?HN?M
J;L; I L?MOFN;>I ] H?=?MMXLCI J;L; ?RJFC=X
FI IO M?D; ;P?LCAO;
M? M? I L?M
OFN;>I @IC A?L;>I J?FI LCM=I >?M;JLIP;>I A?L;>I J?FI ;ONIL IO M? ?F? >?=IL
L?O >? o=IGJF?RIM @;NIL?M IO IONLIM LCM=IM CH=FOMCP? =LC;>IM J?FI JLaJLCI
;ONIL >?M>?KO?J?LGCNC>IMp[325]
+I KO? =IH=?LH? ;I <?G DOL_>C=I F?NL; o=p ;=CG; ';EI<M <OM=; ;
C>?C; >? A?L;\[I >? ?RJ?=N;NCP; HILG;NCP; J;L; C>?;FCT;L MO; =IH=?J\[I >?
<?GDOL_>C=I =IHNL;JIH>I
M?;INL;>C=CIH;F=IH=?CNI
';EI<M H[I ;>GCN? KO? B;D; <?HM DOL_>C=IM ?H=IHNL;>IM HI GOH>I
JIL ?R?GJFI ; PC>; ? MCG OG; L?F;\[I @OH=CIH;F ?HNL? I MOD?CNI ? OG; MCNO
;\[I P;FCIM; I KO? CHNCNOF; <?HM DOL_>C=IM ?G M?HNC>I ?MNLCNI +[I M? =IH
@OH>? ?MM; L?F;\[I HI ?HN;HNI =IG I =IH=?CNI JLaJLCI >? <?G DOL_>C=I J;L;
I !CL?CNI -?H;F KO? M? L?>OT Y JLaJLC; HILG; >?F? =IHMN;HN? KO? CGJd? ;
JLIC<C\[I ?MJ?=_@C=; JIL ?R?GJFI ; JLIC<C\[I >? G;N;L OM=;H>I IONLI ?R
?GJFI J;L; NILH;L IM JIMNOF;>IM G;CM =F;LIM BX OG; L?F;\[I @OH=CIH;F ?HNL?
IM CH>CP_>OIM ? ; JLIJLC?>;>? G;L=;>; J?F; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? >?M@LON? >;M
=ICM;M KO? M? JIMMOC IO M?D; OG; L?F;\[I P;FCIM; ?HN?H>C>; =IGI <?G
DOL_>C=I ?G M?HNC>I ?MNLCNI >?MM; L?F;\[I MOLA?G ?RJ?=N;NCP;M L?MOGC>;M H;
HILG; J?H;F >? KO? H[I B;P?LX NOL<;\[I H;M=?H>I ; ?RJ?=N;NCP; >? KO? ;F
AO]G H[I @OLN? H[I LIO<? H[I >?N?LCIL? ?N= ; =ICM; I<D?NI >; L?F;\[I @OH
=CIH;F M?H>I?MM?IP?L>;>?CLI<?GDOL_>C=I?GM?HNC>IJ?H;F[326]
.O;H>I ;FAO]G H[I L?MJ?CN; ?MM; ?RJ?=N;NCP; HILG;NCP; H[I BX ;

@;F^H=C; >; ?MNLONOL; =IGI DX >CMM?GIM G;M ;J?H;M OG; G?HM;A?G =IGO
HC=;NCP; M?AOH>I ; KO;F ;FAO]G H[I ;>?LCO YM ?RJ?=N;NCP;M MI=C;CM =LC;H>I

MO; JLaJLC; L?;FC>;>? >? ?RJ?=N;NCP;M HILG;NCP;M JIL ?R?GJFI ?HN?H>?H>I
KO? I @;NI >? JIO=IM N?L?G GOCNI ? GOCNIM N?L?G JIO=I A?L; ; F?A_NCG; ?R
J?=N;NCP; MI=C;F >? KO? M? JI>? NIG;L <?HM J?F; @IL\; "MM; L?;FC>;>? ;J?H;M
?RCMN?HICHN?F?=NI>ICH>CP_>OI>?MPC;HN?
IHNO>I ; =IH>ON; >?MM? CH>CP_>OI N?G OG; @OH\[I =IGOHC=;NCP;

N;G<]G J;L; IM >?G;CM CH>CP_>OIM >I ALOJI ;@?N;>I M?AOH>I ; KO;F ; ?R
J?=N;NCP; ;N] ?HN[I ;=IFBC>; JIL NI>IM @IC @LOMNL;>; F?P;H>I Y CH>;A;\[I M?

;KO?F; ?RJ?=N;NCP; ?L; =ILL?N; >? @;NI J?H; ;JFC=;>; H?MM? =IHN?RNI ?GCN?
OG CGJOFMI =IGOHC=;NCPI =IHNLXLCI M?AOH>I I KO;F ; MO; ?@?NCP;\[I >;
J?H; H?A; ; ?RJ?=N;NCP; J;LNC=OF;L >I CH>CP_>OI >?MPC;HN? ? JIL =IHM?KO^H
=C; L?;@CLG;;?RJ?=N;NCP;HILG;NCP;A?L;F
+I KO? =IH=?LH? Y ?MNLONOL; >I =LCG? H[I JI>? ?F; J;LNCL >; ;=?CN
;\[I >? ?MNLONOL;M FaAC=I

I<D?NCP;M G;M MCG J?LM?AOCL OG =;GCHBI CHP?LMI
CHC=C;>I H; >?@CHC\[I >IM @CHM >I !CL?CNI -?H;F KO? =IH>C=CIH;L[I IM ?F?G?H
NIM?MNLONOL;CM>I>?FCNI
0?AOH>I M?O L;=CI=_HCI =IH@ILG? DX ?R;FN;>I >?P?

M? J;LNCL >I
JLCH=_JCI >? KO? I @CG >I !CL?CNI -?H;F ] L?@IL\;L ;M ?RJ?=N;NCP;M HILG;NCP;M
"G >?=ILL^H=C; IM ?F?G?HNIM >I >?FCNI >?P?G M?L =IGJL??H>C>IM ; J;LNCL
>?MM;?MNLONOL;
KOC N;G<]G ; ;\[I M? =IHMNCNOC ?G OG MOJL;=IH=?CNI ;<;L=;H>I ;

;\[I ? ; IGCMM[I MI; >?@L;O>;\[I >? ?RJ?=N;NCP;M H?A;H>I
M? OG
=IH=?CNI IHNIFaAC=I ? J;LNCH>I J;L; OG =IH=?CNI HILG;NCPI >; ;\[I H[I CG
JILN; ; ;\[I ?G MO; ?MM^H=C; G;M ; ;\[I N_JC=; >?M=LCN; J?F; HILG; J?H;F
KO?=IH>?HM;;>?@L;O>;\[I>??RJ?=N;NCP;MI=C;F
+I KO? M? L?@?L? Y =OFJ;<CFC>;>? JI>?

M? M;=L;G?HN;L KO? J;L;
';EI<M IM @CHM >; J?H; ? JICM >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IH>C=CIH;G M?O =IHN?e>I
o0? ; @OH\[I >; J?H; >?N?LGCH; I =IHN?e>I >;M =;N?AILC;M >IAGXNC=;M ?
JILN;HNI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?MM; J?LMJ?=NCP; LIGJ? =IG ?MM? FCGCN? G;N?LC;F
JILKO? ;J?M;L >? KO? OG MOD?CNI H[I JIMM; ;NO;L >? IONL; G;H?CL; JI>? M?L
=OFJXP?F KO;H>I ;M H?=?MMC>;>?M >? JL?P?H\[I A?L;F ;MMCG I CH>CKO?G ,
?CRI =?HNL;F deixa de ser o poder =IGJILN;L
M? =IH@ILG? ; HILG; ? =IH
MNCNOC I >?P?L @;T^

FI KO? ] OG; J?LMJ?=NCP; >CMNCHN; Esse dever se estrutura
de acordo s necessidades de preveno geralp[327]
*IHN?;F?AL? )SH?NN J;L; >?GIHMNL;L ; PCM[I >? ';EI<M NL;T I ?R
?GJFI>?/IRCH
o!O;M J?MMI;M M? ?H=IHNL;G HOG; AL;HD; ? OG CH=^H>CI HI <IMKO?
>? CG?HM;M JLIJIL\d?M LI>?C; I FOA;L eHC=; @ILG; >? M;FP;L ; PC>; ] @OACL

HOG =;P;FI KO? M? ?H=IHNL; HI ?MNX<OFI "HNL?N;HNI ?MN; MIG?HN? J?LGCN?

KO? OG; J?MMI; ?M=;J? 2G; >?F;M @IA? ; A;FIJ? ? ; IONL; GILL? JIL ;M@CRC;
KO;H>I I @IAI L?=LO>?M=? -IL KO? ?MM; J?MMI; H[I ] =OFJXP?F =IH=?J\[I
@CH;FCMN; >CLC; JILKO? H[I JI>C; ;NO;L >? IONL; G;H?CL; JILKO? M? >C
GCHO_L;G =IHMC>?L;P?FG?HN? MO;M JIMMC<CFC>;>?M >? ?F?C\[I *;M KO?

;=IHN?=? HI G?MGI ?R?GJFI M? ; J?MMI; KO? ;<;H>IHIO ;JL?MM;>;G?HN? ;
AL;HD; ] OG G?G<LI >I =ILJI >? <IG<?CLIM KOC ; J?MMI; ?G PCLNO>? >?
OG; =FXOMOF; >? ?RCAC<CFC>;>? NCHB; I >?P?L >? ;MMOGCL OG J?LCAI G;CIL KO?
I >; A?H?L;FC>;>? >;M J?MMI;M M;FPI M? @IMM? M?AOLI ; J?L>; >? MO; PC>; -IL
KO? ?HN[I M? H[I JI>C; ;NO;L >? IONL; G;H?CL; ] =OFJXP?F -ILKO? ;M H?
=?MMC>;>?M >? JL?P?H\[I FB? CGJd?G I >?P?L >? ;MMOGCL OG; =IH>ON; >CM
NCHN; IG ?@?CNI CGJd?G

M? OG; J?H; J;L; KO? ; MI=C?>;>? JIMM; M?AOCL
=IH@C;H>I ?G =?LN;M CHMNCNOC\d?M JICM ; J?MMI; H[I NIG; JL?=;O\d?M ?MJ?=C
;CM J;L; =IHNLIF;L OG CH=^H>CI MI<L? ; <;M? >? OG; =IH@C;H\; F?A_NCG; >?
KO? ?G =;MI >? @IAI =IHN;LX =IG I ;JICI >? >?N?LGCH;>IM ILA;HCM
GIMp[328]
"MM; ;@CLG;\[I F?P; ; OG; =L_NC=; @ILN? >? ';EI<M ;I =IHN?e>I
HILG;NCPI JOLI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? C>?;FCT;>I HI @CH;FCMGI 4?FT?F o;I

NL;HMF;>;L I >IFI H;NOL;F ;I NCJI J?H;F MICG?HNI >? KO? I =IHB?
=CG?HNI >IM @;NIM H[I DIA; H?HBOG J;J?F HI DO_TI >? L?JLIP;\[I F?P; ;N]
MO;M eFNCG;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M ; =IH=?J\[I HILG;NCP; 4?FT?F ?H=IHNLIO KO? I
no poder atuar de outra maneira ?L; ?MNLONOL; FaAC=I
I<D?NCP; MI<L? ; KO;F
M? ?>C@C=;P; ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? 0I<L? ?MN; <;M? ?MN? ?F?G?HNI M? =IHP?LN? HOG
FCGCN? G;N?LC;F Y CHN?LP?H\[I JOHCNCP; >I "MN;>I ? YM H?=?MMC>;>?M >? JL?
P?H\[Ip[329] I KO? ;@LIHN; >CL?N;G?HN? ; PCM[I >? ';EI<M J;L; I !CL?CNI

-?H;F
C) Gnther Jakobs e o Direito Penal do inimigo
+I MCMN?G; @OH=CIH;F C>?;FCT;>I JIL ';EI<M I L;>C=;FCMGI ;=?HNO;
M? HI =B;G;>I o!CL?CNI -?H;F >I CHCGCAIp KO? F?P; IM @CHM >I !CL?CNI -?H;F
H;PCM[I>I;ONIL ;DOMNC@C=;LIMG?CIM

"G<IL; CH>CKO? ; =ILL?F;\[I >? OG =IG I IONLI ';EI<M M?==CIH;

MO; >IONLCH; ?G >O;M P?LN?HN?M OG; ;JFC=;>; ;I =C>;>[I ? IONL; ;JFC=;>; ;I
CHCGCAI>;KO?F?ALOJIMI=C;F
I ;LLCG;L MO; >IONLCH; ?G <;M?M @CFIMa@C=;M L?MJ?CNXP?CM I ;ONIL

J;LN? >I =IHNL;NI MI=C;F ? =IHMN;N; =IGI JL?GCMM; KO? BX OG NCJI >? =LCGCH
;FC>;>? ?G KO? M?O ;ONIL CH@LCHA? >CNI =IHNL;NI >? G;H?CL; ; H[I G;CM OMO
@LOCL >? M?OM <?H?@_=CIM o; J;LNCL >?MM? GIG?HNI DX H[I PCP? =IG IM >?G;CM
>?HNLI >? OG; L?F;\[I DOL_>C=;p[330] "G =IHM?KO^H=C; =IGI G;F@?CNIL
KO? ;N;=; I =ILJI MI=C;F H[I CHN?AL; G;CM I "MN;>I ?H=IHNL;H>I
M? ?G MCNO
;\[I >? AO?LL; =IG ?F? J?L>?H>I I status >? =C>;>[I ?G OG; P?L>;>?CL;
GILN?=CPCF[331]
)IAC=;G?HN? I MCMN?G; PCA?HN? H[I JI>? ;JFC=;L ?MM; =IH@ILG;\[I

; NI>IM IM =LCGCHIMIM G;M ;J?H;M YKO?F?M KO? H[I ;=?CN?G I L?NILHI Y MI
=C?>;>? ? I =OGJLCG?HNI >IM >?P?L?M KO? ?F; FB?M CGJd? IO M?D; KO?G H[I
;=?CN; J;LNC=CJ;L >? OG oq?MN;>I =IGOHCNXLCI F?A;Fr >?P? L?NCL;L
M? I KO? MCA
HC@C=; KO? ] ?RJ?FC>I IO CGJ?FC>I Y =OMNa>C; >? M?AOL;H\; ?G NI>I =;MI
H[I BX KO? M?L NL;N;>I =IGI J?MMI; G;M JI>? M?L qNL;N;>Ir =IGI ;HIN; ?R
JL?MM;G?HN? (;HN q=IGI OG CHCGCAIrp[332] -;L; ?MM? CHCGCAI =IH@ILG? ;
=IHMN;N;\[I >I ;ONIL ?G @;NIM L?=?HN?M m =IGI I ;N;KO? ;I World Trade

Center ?G >? M?N?G<LI >? ;I KO;F DX HIM L?@?LCGIM m JI>? B;P?L
OG; ;HN?=CJ;\[I >? NON?F; J?H;F J?F; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; >? GI>I ; A;L;HNCL
I"MN;>I[333]
"G L?MOGI JILN;HNI JI>?

M? @OH>;L KO? I o!CL?CNI -?H;F =IHB?=?
>ICM JIFIM IO >O;M N?H>^H=C;M ?G MO;M L?AOF;\d?M -IL OG F;>I I NL;N;
G?HNI =IG I =C>;>[I ?MJ?L;H>I

M? ;N] KO? M? ?RN?LCILCT? MO; =IH>ON; J;L;
L?;ACL =IG I @CG >? =IHNCHO;L ; ?MNLONOL; HILG;NCP; >; MI=C?>;>? ? JIL
IONLI I NL;N;G?HNI =IG I CHCGCAI KO? ] CHN?L=?JN;>I DX HI ?MN;>I JL]PCI ;

KO?G M? =IG<;N? JIL J?LC=OFIMC>;>?p[334] ?G H_NC>; ;HN?=CJ;\[I >? NON?F;
J?H;F IO G?FBIL OG; o=OMNa>C; >? M?AOL;H\; ;HN?=CJ;>; KO? M? >?HIGCH;
J?H;p[335] =IGIJL?@?L?I;ONIL

%X N;G<]G I L?@F?RI JLI=?MMO;F J?H;F >?MM; =CM[I =IGI ; JIMMC<CF
C>;>? >? JLCM[I JL?P?HNCP; J;L; I CHCGCAI =IGI G?L; G?>C>; >? =I;\[I ;
L?NCL;>; =IGJOFMaLC; >? M;HAO? CHN?LP?H\d?M H;M =IGOHC=;\d?M CHN?LP?H\[I
>? ;A?HN?M CH@CFNL;>IM CH=IGOHC=;<CFC>;>? >I JL?MI CH=FOMCP? =IG M?O ;>
PIA;>I ? IONL;M CHP?MNCA;\d?M M?=L?N;M MMCG =IGI HI o!CL?CNI -?H;F >I CH
CGCAI MO<MN;HNCPI N;G<]G H?MN? ZG<CNI I KO? I=ILL? ] KO? ?MN;M G?>C>;M
H[I N^G FOA;L @IL; >I !CL?CNI JIL]G IM CGJON;>IM H; G?>C>; ?G KO? M?
CHN?LP]G ?G M?O ZG<CNI M[I ?R=FO_>IM >? M?O >CL?CNI I "MN;>I ?FCGCH;
>CL?CNIM>?GI>IDOLC>C=;G?HN?IL>?H;>Ip[336]
-IL @CG JI>?

M? >CT?L KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F >I CHCGCAI ] OG; ?R
;=?L<;\[I >; PCM[I @OH=CIH;F >I !CL?CNI -?H;F KO? ?RNL?G; ; @CH;FC>;>? >;
J?H; >? ;=IL>I =IG OG; >CPCM[I ?HNL? I =C>;>[I ? I CHCGCAI , CHCGCAI KO?
H[I G;CM ] NL;N;>I =IGI J?MMI; JIL ?MN;L ?G AO?LL; =IG I "MN;>I JIMMOCLX
OG; =IH@ILG;\[I >C@?L?HN? J;L; I !CL?NI -?H;F MO<MN;HNCPI ?G KO? B;P?LX
OG; =OMNa>C; ;HN?=CJ;>; N?H>I ; JLCP;\[I >? FC<?L>;>? =IGI J?H; JIL ?R
=?F^H=C; ? J;L; I !CL?CNI -?H;F ;>D?NCPI ?G KO? ;M A;L;HNC;M JLI=?MMO;CM M?L
[I GCNCA;>;M ;I G?MGI J;MMI KO? G?>C>;M >? =I;\[I CH;=?CNXP?CM HI !CL?CNI

-LI=?MMO;F-?H;F>I=C>;>[INIG;L[IFOA;L
2.1.3.5. A exaltao da revoluo welzeniana: o finalismo como

sistema reitor e seu conceito analtico de crime
IHMCAH;>IM I >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI ? ;M =;L;=N?L_MNC=;M >IM GI>?FIM
J?H;CM m =;OM;FCMN; =FXMMC=I ? H?I=FXMMC=I @CH;FCMN; ? @OH=CIH;FCMN; m OLA?
;AIL; ?F?A?L I GI>?FI KO? ?G HIMM; ;P;FC;\[I ? L?MJ?CN;H>I ;M IJCHCd?M >C
P?LA?HN?M >?P?LC; CH@ILG;L I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG ? GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I

!?GI=LXNC=I>?!CL?CNI
"G JLCG?CLI JF;HI HI ?HN;HNI >?P?

M? ;P?LCAO;L KO;CM MCMN?G;M IM
a>CAIM -?H;CM ;H;FCM;>IM ;>IN;L;G J;L; ?HN[I ?F?A?L ; JL?GCMM; >? NL;
<;FBI +?MM; =IHMNLO\[I =IH@ILG? M?LX PCMNI JI>?

M? @;F;L ?G o!CL?CNIM
-?H;CM <L;MCF?CLIMp JILKO;HNI ] JIMM_P?F L?=IHB?=?L ; ?RCMN^H=C; ;I G?HIM
F?A;F >?>ICMMCMN?G;M=IH=IGCN;HN?M

A) Modelo adotado pelo Cdigo Penal Militar

%X JLIP;M GOCNI @ILN?M >? KO? I a>CAI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? m I
!?=L?NI
)?C H >? >? IONO<LI >? m ;>INIO OG; ?MNLONOL; =;OM
;FCMN; H?I=FXMMC=; ?G<IL; JIMM; H[I M?L ; PCM[I OHZHCG? -;L; @;T?L ?MM;
=F;MMC@C=;\[I NI>;PC; OLA? F?G<L;L KO? ; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L H[I JIMMOC >CMJIM
CNCPI CH?KO_PI=I m H?G JI>?LC; m >? ;>I\[I ?RJL?MM; >? OG IO IONLI

GI>?FI
"G JLCG?CLI JF;HI I =IHN?e>I BCMNaLC=I DX CH>C=; ?MM; P?LN?HN?

JILKO;HNI I @CH;FCMGI >? %;HM 4?FT?F ;J?H;M ;JILNIO HI L;MCF ?G
JIL G?CI >; L?@ILG; J?H;F NL;TC>; J?F; )?C H >? >? DOFBI >;KO?F?
;HI "MM; L?@ILG; HI ?HN;HNI ;J?H;M ;F=;H\IO ; -;LN? $?L;F >I a>CAI -?H
;F =IGOG ?MKO?=?H>I
M? >I a>CAI ;MNL?HM? >;N;>I >; >]=;>; >?
G;CMJL?=CM;G?HN?>?
*;M BX IONLIM CH>_=CIM ;AIL; F?A;CM >? ;>I\[I >I =;OM;FCMGI HI

a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L ;M;<?L
IH=?CNI >? ;\[I m ; ;\[I HI a>CAI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? JL?M=CH>?

>I ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI I KO? @C=; <?G =F;LI H; >?@CHC\[I F?A;F >; =OFJ;<CFC>
;>? KO? ;<;L=; IM =IH=?CNIM >? >IFI ? >? =OFJ; IG ?@?CNI I ;LN >I
a>CAI -?H;F ?G ;HXFCM? MI< ; LO<LC=; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? NL;T ;M >?@CHC\d?M
J;L; I >IFI ? ; =OFJ; NL;HMGCNCH>I HCNC>;G?HN? KO? I ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI >I
=LCG? H[I ?MNX ;FI=;>I H; =IH>ON; HI @;NI N_JC=I G;M H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? JIL
?MM; JL?PCM[I JILN;HNI JI>?
M? ;@CLG;L KO? ; ;\[I HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L
]=;OM;F
+[I M?J;L;\[I >? =I;\[I GIL;F ? @_MC=; m =ILIFXLCI >? OG =IH
=?CNI =;OM;F >? ;\[I ; =IH>ON; JL?M=CH>? >? ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI JILN;HNI
H[I CGJILN; M? @IC ?F; JL;NC=;>; MI< =I;\[I GIL;F IO @_MC=; ;CH>; ;MMCG ?F;
?RCMNCLX JLIMM?AOCH>I
M? H; ;HXFCM? >I >?FCNI =I;\[I GIL;F ?FCGCH; ; JIM
MC<CFC>;>? >? ;\[I =IH@ILG? I !CL?CNI ?HKO;HNI ; =I;\[I @_MC=; ?FCGCH; I ?F?
G?HNI MO<D?NCPI >I =LCG? ,=ILL? KO? ;G<IM H; ?MNLONOL; =;OM;F ?MN[I ;FI
=;>IM H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? M?H>I MO; =IHM?KO^H=C; ; CM?H\[I >? J?H; JIL ?MM;

L;T[I I g >I ;LN ? I ;LN ;G<IM >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L H[I
@;T?G>CMNCH\[I>IM?@?CNIM>;=I;\[IGIL;FIO@_MC=;
I
IH=?CNI JMC=IFaAC=I
HILG;NCPI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? m ; L?P?F;\[I
>? KO? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ] L?=B?;>; JIL >IFI IO =OFJ; F?P; ; OG =IH=?CNI
JMC=IFaAC=I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ? ; JL?M?H\; >? IONLIM ?F?G?HNIM =IGI ; CH?RC
AC<CFC>;>? >? =IH>ON; >CP?LM; J?F; =I;\[I GIL;F IO @_MC=; IO J?F; I<?>C^H
=C; BC?LXLKOC=; ;LN >I -* ? J?FI ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?R=OFJ;HN?
;LN >I -* CH>C=;G KO? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? N;G<]G M? JL?H>? ; ?F?G?H
NIM HILG;NCPIM =IH@CAOL;H>I

M? JILN;HNI =IGI OG; N?ILC; JMC=IFaAC=I
HILG;NCP;>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
>I\[I >I dolus malus m ?G<IL; ; >?@CHC\[I >? >IFI HI CH=CMI &
>I ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L H[I >CA; CMMI ?RJL?MM;G?HN? I a>CAI
;>INIO OG =IH=?CNI >? >IFI HILG;NCPI dolus malus ?G KO? ; =IHM=C^H=C;
>; CFC=CNO>? ?MNX H?F? ?G<ONC>; =IGI JLIP; <;MN; ; ;HXFCM? >I ;LN caput
>I a>CAI ;MNL?HM? KO? NL;N; >I ?LLI >? @;NI /?@?LC>I >CMJIMCNCPI =IHM;AL;
>O;M JIMMC<CFC>;>?M >I CHMNCNONI M?H>I OG; >?F;M AL;@;>; H; M?AOH>; J;LN?
>I ;LNCAI ; KO? NL;N; >;M >?M=LCGCH;HN?M JON;NCP;M =IG =IHM?KO^H=C; >? CM
?H\[I >? J?H; ,L; M? H;M >?M=LCGCH;HN?M JON;NCP;M I ;A?HN? CAHIL; ; CFC
=CNO>? >I @;NI JIL J?HM;L ?RCMNCL OG; L?;F ?R=FOM[I >; CFC=CNO>? KO? H[I ?R
CMN? ? ?MM; H[I =IHM=C^H=C; ] ?KOCJ;L;>; HI ?LLI >? @;NI ;I >?M=IHB?=CG?HNI

>? ?F?G?HNI KO? =IHMNCNOC I =LCG? JILN;HNI ?R=FOM[I >? >IFI JLCG?CL;
J;LN? >I caput >I ;LN N?H>I JIL =IHM?KO^H=C; ; CM?H\[I >? J?H; ]
JILKO? >IFI ? =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? =IH@OH>?G
M? M?H>I ?MN? ?F?G?HNI
>;KO?F?
IGI >?=ILL^H=C; >; ?MNLONOL; =;OM;F @LCM?

M? I a>CAI -?H;F
;MNL?HM? ;>IN; ?G<IL; H[I >CA; ?RJL?MM;G?HN? H; ?R=FOM[I >? =LCG? ;LN
>I -* OG =IH=?CNI NLCJ;LNC>I >? >?FCNI ?G KO? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?MNX

H?F? CHM?LC>; "G OG; @L;M? J;L; I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =LCG? ] @;NI N_JC=I
;HNCDOL_>C=I?=OFJXP?F
B) O modelo adotado no Cdigo Penal comum

, a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG !?=

)?C H >?

=IG ; L?
@ILGOF;\[I >; -;LN? $?L;F NL;TC>; J?F; )?C H >?

JIL IONLI
<IL>I ;>INIO m N;G<]G M?G OG >CMJIMCNCPI =F;LI ? ?RJL?MMI H; F?C m I @CH;F
CMGI JIL MCMN?G; L?CNIL I KO? N;G<]G JL?N?H>?LX >?GIHMNL;L

M? J?FIM G?M
GIM=LCN]LCIMPCMNIMJ;L;I a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
+I =IHN?e>I BCMNaLC=I ; )?C H ;=CG; =CN;>; L?@ILGIO
?R;N;G?HN? ; -;LN? $?L;F >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG CMMI MI< ; CH@FO^H=C; >?
#L;H=CM=I >? MMCM 1IF?>I OG >? M?OM C>?;FCT;>IL?M ? >CM=_JOFI >I =IH=?CNI
@CH;F>?;\[I[337]
.O;HNI;IMCH>_=CIMF?A;CM JI>?
M?;MM?HN;L
=IH=?CNI @CH;F >? ;\[I m ; ;\[I HI - ?RCA? I ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI

JLIP; >CMMI ] ; >?@CHC\[I >? >IFI ? =OFJ; H[I G;CM MI< ; LO<LC=; >; =OFJ;<CF
C>;>?;LN>I -

M?J;L;\[I >? =I;\[I GIL;F ? @_MC=; m =IH@ILG? M? >?HIN; >I ;LN
;J?H;M ; =I;\[I GIL;F CM?HN; I ;A?HN? >? J?H; ; =I;\[I @_MC=; ] ?R
=FO>?HN?>?=IH>ON; JILN;HNI >?@;NIN_JC=I
=IH=?CNI HILG;NCPI JOLI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? m ; ;>I\[I >; MCM
N?GXNC=; >I ?LLI ?G KO? ; CAHILZH=C; >; CFC=CNO>? CM?HN; >? J?H; ?HKO;HNI I
?LLI >? NCJI ;@;MN; I >IFI NL;HMGCN? ; =F;L; M?J;L;\[I ?HNL? >IFI ? =IHM=C^H
=C; >; CFC=CNO>? ;P;FC;>IM ?G >?AL;OM >CP?LMIM I >IFI H; =IH>ON; ? ; =IH
M=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? CM?HNI >? J?H; =IG;H>; I ;LN >I
- ;>IN;
M? I >IFI H;NOL;F I F;>I >; =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? ?MN[I ;CH>;
;CGJON;<CFC>;>?;LN?;?RCAC<CFC>;>?>?=IH>ON;>CP?LM;;LN
!?P?
M? CH>C=;L HI ?HN;HNI KO? N;CM CH>_=CIM M[I L?F;NCPCT;>IM JIL
;FAOHM ;ONIL?M KO? ?HN?H>?G KO? I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG H[I ;=;NIO IM JIM
NOF;>IM>?4?FT?F-ILNI>IM vide *;A;FB[?M+ILIHB;
o+[I M? H?A; M?D; ; ;\[I finalista ?F; ] ;NCPC>;>? >CLCAC>; ; OG @CG

"HNL?N;HNI >CN; N?ILC; >?MFI=; ;J?H;M I JLI<F?G; =IHMC>?L; I @CG HI ?MNO>I
>;;\[I NCL;H>I
I>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>??NILH;H>IP;TCII>IFI

=L?>CN;GIM H[I M?L >? M?AOCL

M? I ?HMCH;G?HNI >? 4?FT?F ?F? F?P;
;I DO_TI P;FIL;NCPI >; ;\[I ?G GIG?HNI H[I IJILNOHI H; ;HXFCM? >I ?F?
G?HNIMO<D?NCPI>I>?FCNI]KO?]M?OFOA;L;>?KO;>I
,=ILL? KO? I PCA?HN? a>CAI -?H;F ?G L;T[I >; GI>C@C=;\[I CH
NLI>OTC>; KO;HNI Y ?MNLONOL; >I ?LLI ? MIG?HN? JIL N;F GINCPI NILHIO
JIF^GC=; ; KO?MN[I MI<L? M? ;>IN;>; ; N?ILC; >; ;\[I @CH;FCMN; "G M?HNC>I
;@CLG;NCPI CMNI ] BIOP? GI>C@C=;\[I J;L; ; ;>I\[I >; N?ILC; @CH;FCMN;

G;HC@?MN;L;G
M? IM CFOMNL?M -LI@?MMIL?M !;GXMCI " >? '?MOM *;HO?F -?>LI
-CG?HN?F?%?F?HI#L;AIMI
HaM J;L?=? KO? H[I I=ILL?O N;F CHIP;\[I =IHNCHO;H>I ; F?ACMF;\[I
;NLCFB;LM?O=;GCHBINL;>C=CIH;F
IG L?F;\[I ;I ?LLI ; GI>C@C=;\[I CHNLI>OTC>; =IHMNCNOC ;J?H;M H;

;>I\[I >? OG; MIFO\[I KO? ?G ;<MIFONI M? L?MNLCHA? ;I @CH;FCMGI N;HNI KO?
=IGJ;N_P?F =IG ; N?ILC; MI=C;F >; ;\[I 1;F @;NI CMNI ] ; HIP; ?MNLONOL; >I
?LLI H[I I<LCA; H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? ; ;=?CN;\[I >? OG; HIP; ?MNLONOL; >I
=LCG? 0;FC?HN?
M? KO? IM HI<L?M ;ONIL?M ? G?MNL?M =CN;>IM DX ;>IN;P;G =IGI
@CR;\[I >IONLCHXLC; ; N?ILC; >; ;\[I @CH;FCMN; M?AOC>IL?M >? %;HM 4?FT?F I
KO? N;G<]G IM N?LC; F?P;>I ; =IH=FOCL J?F; GI>C@C=;\[I ;JF;O>CH>I I JLCH=_
JCIJIL?F?MJL?MNCAC;>I
, DOCT ? DOLCMN; /C=;L>I H>L?O==C OG >IM ;ONIL?M >I HN?JLID?NI
>I PCA?HN? a>CAI JILN;HNI ?G CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;ON^HNC=; ;@CLGIO KO? H; P?L
>;>? H[I MOLACO OG HIPI a>CAI G;M ;J?H;M OG; F?C >? L?@ILG; =IHM?L
P;H>I;@CFIMI@C;>I;HN?LCILp[338]
IG NI>I L?MJ?CNI ;I ;ONIL H[I @IC Ma ; MCMN?GXNC=; >I ?LLI KO? CH
>C=IO I ACLI @CH;FCMN; HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG G;M N;G<]G IONLIM >CMJIMCN
CPIM ? @;NIM BCMNaLC=IM DX ?HOG?L;>IM , JLaJLCI L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >? OG;

;\[I @CH;F DX CH>C=; ?MM? ACLI ;F?A;\[I >? JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ;JFC=;\[I >;
N?ILC; >; ;\[I MI=C;F H[I H?A; I @CH;FCMGI G;M =IGI DX CH>C=;>I H;M J;F;P
L;M >? ?L?TI *CL[339] ?PIFOC MI<L? ?F? =IGI J?LGCNCO I JLaJLCI 4?FT?F
*;CM @L;=; ;CH>; ; ;F?A;\[I >? CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;ON^HNC=; >? /C=;L>I H>L?O==C

JILKO;HNI N;G<]G ; JLI@?L? #L;H=CM=I >? MMCM 1IF?>I KO? ;=?L=; >; N?ILC;
HILG;NCP;JOL;>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>? MCAHI>I@CH;FCMGI >CMJbM
o ?RJ?LC^H=C; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F JIL P?T?M >L;GXNC=; N?G L?P?F;>I

KO? DO_T?M ? NLC<OH;CM H; AL;H>? G;CILC; >IM =;MIM >?HNLI >? OG; =IH
=?J\[I NL;>C=CIH;F ?MKO?=?G

M? >; JLaJLC; culpabilidade I G;CM CGJILN
;HN? ?F?G?HNI >I =LCG? ;I =IH@OH>C

F; =IG I >IFI ? ; =OFJ; 3?LC@C=;H>I KO?
I ;A?HN? ;NOIO =IG >IFI ?H=?LL;G I DOFA;G?HNI ? ;JFC=;G ; J?H; =LCGCH;F

+[I J?MKOCM;G ; ?PCN;<CFC>;>? >I @;NI ? JICM MO; =?HMOL;<CFC>;>? IG ;
HIP; =IHMNLO\[I P?L
M?
[I IM DOFA;>IL?M H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? ? M?GJL? >C;HN?
>I JLI<F?G; >; culpabilidade !? OG; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? concreta >I ;KOC ?
;AIL; !? OG; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? >?MN? BIG?G H?MN; MCNO;\[I H[I >I homo medius ;<MNL;NI CH?RCMN?HN? >?NLCMN?G?GaLC;
I >?=C>CL HOG CHMN;HN? >?LL;>?CLI J?F; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; =LCGCH
;F ;HN?M >? JLI@?LCL M?O DOFA;G?HNI @CH;F B;P?LX I DOCT KO? >?@LIHN;L
M? =IG
?MN; ;>P?LN^H=C; >? 4?FT?F q =?HMOL; >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? JL?MMOJd? N?HB; JI
>C>I I ;ONIL @ILG;L MO; L?MIFO\[I >? ;\[I ;HNCDOL_>C=; G;CM =ILL?N;G?HN? IO
M?D; >? ;=IL>I =IG ; HILG; " CMNI H[I ?G OG M?HNC>I ;<MNL;NI >? algum
homem HI FOA;L >I ;ONIL G;M HI G;CM =IH=L?NI M?HNC>I >? KO? este homem,
nesta situao N?HB; JI>C>I @ILG;L MO; L?MIFO\[I >? PIHN;>? >? ;=IL>I
=IG;HILG;rp[340]
!?P?
M? @LCM;L KO? /C=;L>I HNOH?M H>L?O==C J;MMIO ; CHN?AL;L I
=?HXLCI >; L?@ILG; >I a>CAI -?H;F H; N?L=?CL; IGCMM[I J;L; ; ?F;<IL;\[I
>I ;HN?JLID?NI >? L?@ILG; >I a>CAI -?H;F HIG?;>; J?FI ?HN[I *CHCMNLI >;
'OMNC\; &<L;BCG <C
=E?F J?F; -ILN;LC; H >? >? HIP?G<LI >?
"MM; =IGCMM[I KO? =IHN;P; N;G<]G =IG ; JL?M?H\; >? #L;H=CM=I 0?L
L;HI +?P?M *CAO?F /?;F? 'eHCIL /IA]LCI );OLC; 1O==C /?H] LC?F !INNC ?
%]FCI #IHM?=; @IC JL?MC>C>; JIL #L;H=CM=I >? MMCM 1IF?>I KO? ;FCXM DX CHN?A
L;P;;M IGCMMd?M;HN?LCIL?M
.O;HNI Y ;>I\[I >? OG =IH=?CNI NLCJ;LNC>I >? =LCG? <;MN;G IM ;L
AOG?HNIM ?RJIMNIM ;=CG; KO;H>I NL;N;GIM >I @CH;FCMGI CMIF;>;G?HN? J;L;

;MM?HN;L;=ILL?\[I>?MM?=IH=?CNI

C) A negao do funcionalismo como modelo reitor para o

Estado Democrtico de Direito
V JIMM_P?F CHC=C;L ?MN; ;LAOG?HN;\[I @CLG;H>I KO? =IGI F?G<L;
;=CA;FOJI ;=?L=; >I @OH=CIH;FCMGI J?H;F oH?HBOG >IM MCMN?G;M N?G P;FC>
;>? ;<MIFON; +; G?>C>; ?G KO? H?HBOG; >;M N?ILC;M >; J?H; ; N?G N;G
JIO=IJI>?LC;GN?LIMMCMN?G;M>IAGXNC=IM=IH?=N;>IM=IG?F;Mp[341]
!? @;NI ILC?HN;L OG MCMN?G; J?F; @CH;FC>;>? >; J?H; ?G KO? J?M?

M?O G]LCNI JIL ?HN?H>?L ; @CH;FC>;>? >; J?H; =IGI ; JLaJLC; @CH;FC>;>? >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F ] JIL >?G;CM ;LLCM=;>I >;>; ; CH=?LN?T; >; =IH=?J\[I >; J?H;
;I FIHAI >IM N?GJIM ';EI<M JIL ?R?GJFI <OM=; ?G %?A?F ? ?G (;HN MO;
@OH>;G?HN;\[I /IRCH JIL M?O NOLHI MOMN?HN; OG; PCM[I OHC@C=;>IL; >C;F]N
C=;KO?JL?N?HM;G?HN?PCM;;L?>OTCLIM?R;A?LIMOHCF;N?L;CM[342]
M =L_NC=;M ;I @OH=CIH;FCMGI J?H;F HI ?HN;HNI H[I M? ?H=?LL;G H;

@;FN; >? =LCN]LCI eHC=I J;L; ; @CH;FC>;>? ILC?HN;>IL; >I MCMN?G; G;M J;MM;
JIL IONLIM M?NIL?M CHC=C;L =IG %CLM=B ; N?ILC; >? $fHNB?L ';EI<M >?GIH
MNL; OG L?NILHI >?MG?>C>I ;I HILG;NCPCMGI ;I KO;F I @CH;FCMGI @?T

IJIMC\[I!CTI-LI@?MMIL>;2HCP?LMC>;>?>? IFbHC; H;F?G;HB;
o =IH=?J\[I >? Jakobs JIL MO; P?T ?H=IHNLIO L?Je>CI

G;=C\I LCNC=;
M? KO? I HILG;NCPCMGI radical JIL ?F; >?@?H>C>I M?AOH>I I
KO;F NI>IM IM =IH=?CNIM >; F?C >?P?G M?L ?HN?H>C>IM =IGI JLI>ONIM >I F?ACM
F;>IL L?HOH=C; NI>; ? KO;FKO?L FCA;\[I ?HNL? >CL?CNI ? L?;FC>;>? JL]

DOL_>C=;
1;G<]G ; JLIJIMN; >? ;H;FCM;L I =IHN?e>I >I CHDOMNI >I >?FCNI OHC=;G?HN?
; J;LNCL >; J?LMJ?=NCP; >; KO?<L; >; HILG; ? H[I >I <?G DOL_>C=I JIL ?F;
JLIN?AC>I ] L?=OM;>; =IGI ?R=?MMCP;G?HN? @ILG;F !; G?MG; @ILG;
=IHMC>?L;G
M? IM =IH=?CNIM KO? ';EI<M =IHNCHO;G?HN? ONCFCT; ?G MO; ;LAO
G?HN;\[I =IGI q=IGJ?N^H=C;r ? q?MN;<CFCT;\[I >; HILG;r CGJLaJLCIM J;L; ;

>IAGXNC=; JIL M?L?G >?G;MC;>I ?RN?HMIM ? CH>?N?LGCH;>IM !OPC>;
M?
=IG L;T[I ;N] G?MGI >; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? >?LCP;L
GXNC=I =IG >CMNCH\d?M G;CM ?R;N;M JIHN;
M? H?MN?
KO? KO;M? NI>;M ;M =IH=FOMd?M ; KO? =B?A; ';EI<M
B;PC; >?M?HPIFPC>I ; >IAGXNC=; NL;>C=CIH;F F]G
>?F?M OG MCMN?G; >IA
=IHN?RNI J;L; I @;NI >?

M[I C>^HNC=;M YM KO? DX
>CMMI ; N?M? >? KO? ;

=OFJ;<CFC>;>? M?LC; OG >?LCP;>I >; JL?P?H\[I A?L;F ] >?=C>C>;G?HN? =LCN
C=;>; 2G; N;F JIMNOL; MCAHC@C=; OG; >?MCH>CPC>O;FCT;\[I >I =IH=?CNI >?
=OFJ;<CFC>;>? ? >?M=IHB?=? KO? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? M?LP? >? =IH=?CNI =IHNL;
JIMNI Y JL?P?H\[I A?L;F KO? >?P? JLIN?A?L I ;ONIL >? JOHC\d?M ?R=?MMCP;M H;
JL?P?H\[IA?L;Fp[343]
IG ?@?CNI ;I =IHNL;JIL
M? ; 4?FT?F =IG M?O GI>?FI @OH=CIH;F
';EI<M >CMN;H=C;
M? GOCNI >? OG; L?;FC>;>? JL]
DOL_>C=; F?P;H>I ; OG;
NIN;F CHM?AOL;H\; ?G L?F;\[I ;IM =IH=?CNIM ? ?G =IHM?KO^H=C; ?G L?F;\[I
;IJLaJLCI!CL?CNI-?H;F
, HILG;NCPCMGI ?RNL?GI >X ;GJF; FC<?L>;>? Y HILG; ? ;I F?ACM
F;>IL F?P;H>I MCG ; OG; MCNO;\[I >? CH=IHMNZH=C; ?G KO? HIPIM F?ACM
F;>IL?M JI>?G MCGJF?MG?HN? ;J;A;L NO>I I KO? M? J?HMIO ?G !CL?CNI -?H;F

=IG;?>C\[I>?F?CM H[IL;L;G?HN?NIM=;M?=IGG?LI?@?CNIMCG<aFC=I
=L_NC=; >? ';EI<M Y N?ILC; HILG;NCP; JOL; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>?

GIMNL;
M? CH@OH>;>; -;L; ?F? ?L; CLL?F?P;HN? I >?MFI=;G?HNI >I >IFI J;L; ;
=IH>ON; ?MP;TC;H>I ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? >? ?F?G?HNI JMC=IFaAC=I 0I<L? ?MM; =L_N
C=; ; 4?FT?F >?P?

M? =IHMCAH;L KO? JLCG?CLI HOH=; @IC C>?;FCT;>; OG; =OFJ
;<CFC>;>? NIN;FG?HN? >?MJLIPC>; >? P;FIL;\[I ;I =IHNLXLCI I DO_TI MI<L? ;

=OFJ;<CFC>;>? ] MCG OG DO_TI >? L?JLIP;\[I JIL]G @?CNI MI<L? JL?GCMM;M H?
=?MMXLC;M J;L; KO? ?MM? DO_TI M?D; =ILL?NI "MM;M JL?GCMM;M M[I NL;TC>;M J?F;
F?C J?H;F >? ;=IL>I =IG ; ILC?HN;\[I >? JIF_NC=; =LCGCH;F PCA?HN? =IH
MNCNOCH>I ;MMCG OG =IHN?e>I HILG;NCPI G_HCGI J;L; ; L?JLIP;\[I I KO?

=IH@CAOL;LC;I=IHN?e>I>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?NL;TC>IJ?F;HILG;
&MMI H[I I<MN; HI ?HN;HNI KO? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;F]G >? ?F?G?HNI

>I >?FCNI G?MGI ?G OG; =IH=?J\[I HILG;NCP; JOL; ;MMOG; IONLIM J;J]CM
H; N?ILC; >I @;NI JOH_P?F ;MMCG =IGI OG JLCH=_JCI ; ;@;MN;L ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>
;>? J?H;F I<D?NCP; ? JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? ;I KO? ;AIL; HIM CHN?L?MM; =IGI G?
>C>; >? >?@CHC\[I >? J?H; +?MM? =LCN]LCI ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? H[I ?MNLONOL;F ;I
=LCG? A;HB; =IHIN;\[I P;FIL;NCP; ;N?H>?H>I ;I =F;GIL JIL JL?P?H\[I
KO;HNI G;CIL ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? G;CIL ; L?JLIP;\[I ? =IHM?KO?HN?G?HN?
G;CIL I quantum >; J?H; FCXM ; JLaJLC; =IH=?J\[I >? 4?FT?F >;

L?JLIP;<CFC>;>? =IGI JL?MMOJIMNI >? J?H; >?CR; =F;LI KO? BX MCG OG =;GJI
P;FIL;NCPI ;NL?F;>I Y =OFJ;<CFC>;>? -;L; I >CF?NI ;ONIL M? o=IH=ILL?G IM ?F?
G?HNIM CHN?F?=NO;CM ? PIFCNCPIM >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? I @;NI ;HNCDOL_>C=I ] L?
JLIPXP?F ? ?G JLCH=_JCI JOH_P?F m M;FPI KO;H>I ] ?RCAC>; ; =IH=ILL^H=C; >?

OG; =IH>C\[I I<D?NCP; >? JOHC<CFC>;>? IO ; ;OM^H=C; >? OG; =;OM; J?MMI;F
>? ?R=FOM[I >? J?H; .O;H>I ; L?JLIP;<CFC>;>? @IL G?HIL JIL ?R?GJFI HI
=;MI >? CGJON;<CFC>;>? >CGCHO_>; IO >? ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I P?H=_P?F CMMI M?LX
>?PC>;G?HN?F?P;>I?G=IHN;H;G?>C>;>;J?H;p[344]
F;L;G?HN? 4?FT?F ?MN;<?F?=?O NL^M =;GJIM ?G KO? M? JI>? L?=IH
B?=?L ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? HI NCJI J?H;F ;I C>?;FCT;L ; NCJC=C>;>? =IGJF?R;

?RCACH>I
M? >IFI IO HI G_HCGI =OFJ; J;L; I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >? OG; =IH
>ON; L?F?P;HN? J?H;FG?HN? @OH>;G?HN;H>I ;MMCG ; ;JFC=;\[I >? OG;

J?H; H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGI ?F?G?HNI >I =LCG? JL?MMOJIMNI H?=?MMXLCI
J;L; KO? M?D; @?CNI I DO_TI >? L?JLIP;\[I MI<L? ; =IH>ON; >I ;ONIL >I @;NI ?
H; G?>C>; >? J?H; =;F=;>; HI AL;O >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? P?LC@C=;>I ?MM; =IH
MN;N;\[I DX HIM L?@?LCGIM KO;H>I NL;N;GIM >I JLCH=_JCI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>?

GIG?HNI?GKO?ONCFCT;GIM;MFC\d?M>? ?T;L/I<?LNICN?H=IOLN
=IH=?J\[I >? ';EI<M ;I >?@CHCL ; ?MNLONOL; >I >?FCNI ; J;LNCL >I
@CG JL?P;F?HN? >; JL?P?H\[I J?F; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; J?LGCN? ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT
;\[I J?H;F JIL ?R?GJFI M?G KO? B;D; >IFI IO =OFJ; m ?G<IL; ;>IN? JIM
N?LCILG?HN? IONLIM =LCN]LCIM FCGCN;>IL?M m ? JCIL J?LGCN? ;N] ;F=;H\;L I CH
CGJONXP?F ;JFC=;H>I MI; H?=?MMC>;>? >? JL?P?H\[I OG; J?H;
YKO?F? KO? H[I N?G =;J;=C>;>? >? =IH>OTCL
M? H; L?NC>[I ?RCAC>; JIL OG;
@;FB; >? @ILG;\[I <CIFaAC=; +IN?
M? KO? ?MM; JIMMC<CFC>;>? m ;JFC=;\[I >?
J?H; ;I CHCGJONXP?F m H?A; ; JLaJLC; N?ILC; >; JL?P?H\[I A?L;F ;>IN;>; JIL
';EI<M JILKO;HNI ; J?H; ;JFC=;>; ;I ;ONIL >I @;NI H[I N?LX I MCAHC@C=;>I
=IGOHC=;NCPI ;IM >?G;CM CH>CP_>OIM >; MI=C?>;>? KO? N;G<]G H[I JIMM;G
>CLCACL M?O =IGJILN;G?HNI >? ;=IL>I =IG ; =IGJL??HM[I >I =?LNI ? >I
?LL;>I
"G IONL;M J;F;PL;M J;L; I JILN;>IL >? >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI G?HN;F L?
N;L>;>I JIL ?R?GJFI M;<?L KO? OG; IONL; J?MMI; JILN;>IL; >? MO; G?MG;
>?@C=C^H=C; @IC MO<G?NC>; ; OG; J?H; MCAHC@C=;LX OG @;NI KO;FKO?L M?G

H?HBOG; MCAHC@C=;\[I FaAC=; >? L?JLIP;\[I MI<L? OG; =IH>ON; @LOMNL;>IL;

>? ?RJ?=N;NCP;M HILG;NCP;M FCXM >?P?
M? NL;<;FB;L ;N] =IG ; BCJaN?M? >?
KO? I CHCGJONXP?F ?G ?R?GJFI H?G M?KO?L ] =;J;T >? =IHB?=?L IM CGJOFMIM
=IGOHC=;NCPIM?RN?LCIL?M;IM?OM?L
, ?R?GJFI >? /IRCH NL;TC>I JIL *IHN?;F?AL? )SH?NN ? NL;HM=LCNI
;=CG; >;M >O;M J?MMI;M KO? ?MN;P;G H; AL;HD; >OL;HN? OG CH=^H>CI HI

<IMKO? =IG I >?PC>I L?MJ?CNI H[I =IHP?H=? KO? 4?FT?F ?LLIO ?G M?O
MCMN?G;
-LCG?CLI HI =;MI >; J?MMI; H[I J?LN?H=?HN? ;I =ILJI >? <IG<?CL
IM KO? @IA? ; >CM=OMM[I ;=?L=; >; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I HI MCMN?G; Q?FT?HC;HI
>;L
M?
C; HI =;GJI >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? H[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? IO M?D; H[I
B;P?LC; CHDOMNI N_JC=I J?F; ?R=FOM[I >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? J?FI ?MN;>I >? H?
=?MMC>;>? NL;TC>I ?RJL?MM;G?HN? H; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG <L;MCF?CL; -;L;

IM ;>?JNIM >; N?ILC; >IM ?F?G?HNIM H?A;NCPIM >I NCJI H?G M?KO?L B;P?LC;
OG@;NIN_JC=I
*?MGI KO? M? =IHMC>?L? I =;MI >? ; J?MMI; KO? ;<;H>IHIO ; AL;HD;

J?LN?H=?L ;I ILJI >? IG<?CLIM I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ?RCA? KO? ?F? M?
JILN? >? GI>I >CP?LMI ? HI ?R?GJFI >;>I ?F? JI>?LC; @;T^
FI IO >? IONL;
@ILG; H[I I =IHMCAH;LC; oM;FPI M? @IMM? M?AOLI ; J?L>; >? MO; PC>;p IO M?D;
MIG?HN? FB? M?LC; CH?RCA_P?F =IH>ON; >CP?LM; M? ; GILN? >I <IG<?CLI ;I
N?HN;LM;FP;L;IONL;J?MMI; MCAHC@C=;MM?MO;GILN?=?LN;
+I =IHN?RNI ;JL?M?HN;>I ; MIFO\[I Q?FT?HC;H; M?LC; J?L@?CN; ;I

G?HIM =IG ; =IH@CAOL;\[I ;JL?M?HN;>; HI a>CAI -?H;F <L;MCF?CLI =IG ; L?
@ILG; @CH;FCMN; >? J;L; ;G<IM IM =;MIM , a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ?G
M?O ;LN >CMJd? KO? M? =IHMC>?L; ?G ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? oKO?G JL;NC=;
I @;NI J;L; M;FP;L >? J?LCAI ;NO;F KO? H[I JLIPI=IO JIL MO; PIHN;>? H?G
JI>C; >? IONLI GI>I ?PCN;L >CL?CNI JLaJLCI IO ;FB?CI =ODI M;=LC@_=CI H;M =CL
=OHMNZH=C;M H[I ?L; L;TIXP?F ?RCACL

M?p ? =IGJF?N; ?G M?O g I KO? H[I
JI>? ;F?A;L ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? KO?G ?MN;P; I<LCA;>I ; ;LLIMN;L I J?LCAI
=IGI I =;MI >I CHN?AL;HN? >I ILJI >? IG<?CLIM "G ;LL?G;N? >CMJd? HI g

KO? M? ?L; ?RCA_P?F I M;=LC@_=CI >I <?G DOL_>C=I JLIN?AC>I ; J?H; M?LX ;J
FC=;>;>?@ILG;L?>OTC>; H;JLIJIL\[I>?OG;>ICMN?L\IM
I
"G IONLI M?HNC>I G?MGI KO? I CHDOMNI N_JC=I ?MN?D; CHN;=NI =IH@CA
OL;>I I ;A?HN? JI>? N?L MO; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;@;MN;>; J?F; CH?RCAC<CFC>;>? >?
=IH>ON; >CP?LM; ?F?G?HNI KO? J;MMIO ; M?L ;@?LC>I =IG I MOLACG?HNI >;
N?ILC; JMC=IFaAC=I
HILG;NCP; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? C>?;FCT;>; JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? JIL
#L;HE =IGI ;=CG; M? >?GIHMNLIO , a>CAI -?H;F ?RJd? >O;M ?MJ]=C?M F?
A;CM >? =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ?G KO? ; CH?RCAC<CFC>;>? JIL @IL\; >; HILG; ] L?=IH
B?=C>; ; =I;\[I CLL?MCMN_P?F ? ; I<?>C^H=C; BC?LXLKOC=; >? IL>?G H[I G;HC
@?MN;G?HN? CF?A;F ;LN IHNO>I ;=?CN;

M? J;=C@C=;G?HN? ; ?R=FOM[I >;
=OFJ;<CFC>;>?JIL=;OM;MMOJL;F?A;CM>?CH?RCAC<CFC>;>?>?=IH>ON;>CP?LM;
-IL NO>I I KO? M? ?RJbM ; MIFO\[I J;L; IM =;MIM >IM ?R?GJFIM M?LC;
H;M?AOCHN?=IH@ILGC>;>?
; Para o cidado comum m ?MN;LC; ?F? ?G ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>
;>? M? ; MCNO;\[I @IMM? N;F KO? CGJILN;MM? H; J?L>; >? MO; PC>; =;MI
BIOP?MM? IONLI GI>I >? ?PCN;L I J?LCAI J;L; MO; PC>; HI ?HN;HNI I CHDOMNI
N_JC=I ?MN;LC; CHN;=NI m ?R=FOCH>I
M? ;KOC ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? M?L
FB? ?RCA_P?F I
M;=LC@_=CI >; PC>; m L?MIFP?H>I
M? ; KO?MN[I HI ZG<CNI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IG
; ;JFC=;\[I >? J?H; >CGCHO_>; +IN?
M? KO? H; JLCG?CL; IJ\[I m L?=IHB?=C
G?HNI >I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? m H?G M? =B?A;LC; Y ;P;FC;\[I MCMN?GXNC=;

>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
< Para o integrante do Corpo de Bombeiros m ;HN?M >? ?H
@L?HN;L ; KO?MN[I >?P?

M? F?G<L;L KO? I CHN?AL;HN? >IM ILJIM >? IG<?CL
IM >I L;MCF M[I GCFCN;L?M >IM "MN;>IM MOD?CNIM ?G JLCH=_JCI ;I a>CAI -?H
;F *CFCN;L KO? JIMMOC ?MNLONOL; >CP?LM; >;KO?F; =IHMN;HN? >I a>CAI -?H;F
=IGOG JIL]G ;J?H;M J;L; F?P;L ;IM ;LAOG?HNIM CHN?L?MM;HN?M NL;<;FB?

M?
=IG ; BCJaN?M? >? ;JFC=;\[I >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ; ?MM; =;N?AILC; >?
;A?HN?M Je<FC=IM -;L; I ?R?GJFI ?G L?F?PI JIL ?RJL?MM; >?N?LGCH;\[I F?A
;F I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?MN;LC; ;@;MN;>I JILKO;HNI N?LC; ?F? I >?P?L >?
;LLIMN;L I J?LCAI ;LN g I >I - IHNO>I CMMI JIL MC Ma H[I F?P; Y
=IH@CLG;\[I >? KO? MO; =IH>ON; ] L?JLIPXP?F =IGI DX CH>C=;>I I JLaJLCI

?R?GJFI ?R=FOC ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? GILN? =?LN; >I ;A?HN? Je<FC=I I KO? F?P; Y
=IH=FOM[I >? KO? FB? ?L; ?RCA_P?F =IH>ON; >CP?LM; "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M =;MI
BIOP?MM? =?LN?T; >? MO; GILN? H?G G?MGI I <IG<?CLI ?MN;LC; I<LCA;>I ;
MOC=C>;L
M? I KO? NILH;LC; CH?RCA_P?F IONLI JLI=?>?L >? MO; J;LN? N;G<]G
=;OM; MOJL;F?A;F , ?R?GJFI CH>C=;>I ?HNL?N;HNI H[I NL;<;FB; =IG ?MM;
BCJaN?M? IO M?D; ?L; ?RCA_P?F =IH>ON; >CP?LM; JICM H[I ?L; =?LNI KO? I
<IG<?CLI M? N?HN;MM? M;FP;L ; IONL; J?MMI; GILL?LC; >?P?H>I B;P?L ;
=IH>?H;\[I ;N?H>?H>I
M? =IHNO>I Y =ILL?N; >IMCG?NLC; >; J?H; ?G OG;
>;M ;=?J\d?M >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IH@ILG? CGJd? I ;LN >I Codex ?G
;HXFCM?
*?MGI HI MCMN?G; =;OM;F >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L I <IG<?CLI H[I
M?LC; =IH>?H;>I JICM ?MN;LC; ?G ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?R=OFJ;HN? HIM N?L
GIM >I ;LN >I L?@?LC>I >CJFIG; KO? L?MM;FN?

M? H?G M?KO?L G?H=CIH; ;
?R=FOM[I>;KO?F?KO?N?GI>?P?L>?;LLIMN;LIJ?LCAI
!?LL;>?CL;G?HN? ;>GCNCL KO? I !CL?CNI -?H;F M?LC; CHMNLOG?HNI >?
G;HON?H\[I H; ?RJ?=N;NCP; >? =IH@C;H\; H; CHMNCNOC\[I o ILJI >? IG<?CL
IMp M?LC; ;HOCL ?G OG; ?RJ;HM[I N;F >I !CL?CNI -?H;F KO? KO;FKO?L ?RJ?=N
;NCP; M?LC; =;J;T >? @OH>;G?HN;L ; ?RCMN^H=C; >? OG; HILG; J?H;F "MJ?L;
M? N;G<]G KO? ;M JL?@?CNOL;M G;HN?HB;G ;M =C>;>?M FCGJ;M G;M H?G JIL

CMMI G?MGI >C;HN? >? OG; JLIFC@?L;\[I >? LI?>IL?M I @OH=CIHXLCI >;
FCGJ?T; KO? >?CR; >? L?=IFB?L OG CHPaFO=LI >?P? M?L =IH>?H;>I JIL =LCG?
-;L?=? KO? I !CL?CNI >GCHCMNL;NCPI >?P? N?L m ? N?G m M?OM CHMNLOG?HNIM
JLaJLCIM J;L; ; G;HON?H\[I >; =L?>C<CFC>;>? IO >;M ?RJ?=N;NCP;M KO? M? >?
JIMCN;G MI<L? M?OM aLA[IM 3IFN;

M? JIL ?MM; P?LN?HN? ; OG; =ICMC@C=;\[I >I
CH>CP_>OI N?H>I
I =IGI OG ?R?GJFI J;L; KO? IONLIM >? MO; JLI@CMM[I H[I I
MCA;G *;CM ;CH>; LIGJ?
M? =IG I JLCH=_JCI >; CHN?LP?H\[I G_HCG;
H?A;H>I
M? I =;LXN?L @L;AG?HNXLCI ? MO<MC>CXLCI >I !CL?CNI -?H;F
NL;HM@ILG;H>I
I ?G prima ratio ? H[I G;CM ?G ultima ratio =IGI >?P?LC;
M?L
.O;HNI ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F >I CHCGCAI N?G

M? ;J?H;M =IGI OG; P?L
N?HN? MCG<aFC=; >; J?H; IO M?D; CGJd?

M? OG G;F =IH=L?NI m ; J?H; m J;L;
; I<N?H\[I >? OG ?@?CNI MCG<aFC=I MCGJF?MG?HN? >?GIHMNL;H>I ;

oCGJL?MM[I NL;HKOCFCT;>IL; >? OG F?ACMF;>IL ;N?HNI ? >?=C>C>Ip[345] KO?

?G P?L>;>? H[I L?MIFP?LX I JLI<F?G; J?F; A?L;\[I >? F?CM KO? >CMNCHA;G I
=C>;>[I>ICHCGCAI
>?G;CM I !CL?CNI -?H;F >I CHCGCAI MCG<aFC=I JIL H;NOL?T; H[I
C>?HNC@C=; @;NIM >? ?RNL?G; ;AL?MM[I Y MI=C?>;>? G;M J?MMI;M JIN?H=C;F
G?HN? F?MCP;M =B?A;H>I ; OG; >?@CHC\[I MI=C;F ;>?KO;>; YKO?F?M KO? =IH
>OT?G I MCMN?G; >? GI>I ; >CT?L KO? oCHCGCAIMp M[I IM IONLIM KO? H[I M?
?HKO;>L;G?G>?N?LGCH;>;C>?HNC>;>?[346]
+[I ] JL?=CMI G?H=CIH;L IM LCM=IM KO? ; MI=C?>;>? MOJILN;LC; H;
;>I\[I >? OG !CL?CNI -?H;F >I CHCGCAI *OCNI >?F? DX @IC ?RJ?LCG?HN;>I >OL
;HN? IM L?ACG?M >? ?R=?\[I KO? LINOF;P;G J?MMI;M =IGI CHCGCA;M >I status
quo CGJ?L;HN? ? JIL ?MM; L;T[I MOJLCGC;G
FB?M IM <?HM ; FC<?L>;>? ? ;N] ;
PC>;
*?HIM L;>C=;F ; PCM[I >? F;OM /IRCH ?H=IHNLIO G;CIL ?=I H;
>IONLCH; +[I J;L?=? =IHNO>I KO? ; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; ? JIL =IHM?KO^H
=C; M?O MCMN?G; @OH=CIH;F

L;=CIH;F NL;A;G HIP;M MIFO\d?M J;L; JLI<F?G;M
;HNCAIM
-;L; ?MM; >?GIHMNL;\[I NIG?G

M? M?OM ?R?GJFIM m DX =CN;>IM
KO;H>I NL;N;GIM >? MO; ?MJ?=_@C=; P?LN?HN? @OH=CIH;F m KO? N;G<]G M[I
MIFO=CIH;>IM JIL OG GI>?FI IHNIFaAC=I =IGI I ] I @CH;FCMN; +I MCMN?G; @C
H;FCMN; I<PC;G?HN? ;M CHN?LJL?N;\d?M >;M ?MNLONOL;M JI>?G ? >?P?G M?L

J?LG?;>;M JIL OG AL;O >? HILG;NCPC>;>? MI<L?NO>I HI KO? =IH=?LH? ;IM
JLCH=_JCIM >; =C^H=C; J?H;F !?P?
M? ?G IONL;M J;F;PL;M <OM=;L FCGCN?M CH
N?LJL?N;NCPIM =IG I @CNI >? L?>OTCL I ?MJ?=NLI >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IG <;M? HI
JLCH=_JCI >; L;TI;<CFC>;>? ? ?G ?MJ?=C;F >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? M?H>I =IG ;
>?PC>;P^HC; >?MJC=C?H>;;CGJON;\[II<D?NCP;
+I =;MI >I ;=IHM?FB;G?HNI >? A J;L; KO? B PX Y #FaLC>; FX M?H>I

GILNI H[I B;P?LX I<PC;G?HN? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I HI MCMN?G; @CH;FCMN;
JILKO? H[I BX I ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI IO M?D; A PCMFOG<LIO ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >?
KO? B GILL?MM? G;M CMMI H?G >? FIHA? MCAHC@C=; =OFJ; GOCNI G?HIM >IFI
!?MN;=;
M? ?MM? ?R?GJFI J;L; KO? M? P?LC@CKO? I ;<MOL>I KO? M? JLIJd?

KO;HNI Y L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >? A ;JFC=;H>I

M? ; GIF>OL; @CH;FCMN; ;I A?HLI
KO? M;<?H>I KO? MO; MIAL; P;C >? =;LLI ;I MOJ?LG?L=;>I ?HNL?A;
FB? ;
=B;P? >I P?_=OFI NIL=?H>I J;L; KO? ?F; MI@L; OG ;=C>?HN? ;ONIGI<CF_MNC=I IO
J;L;KO?GILL;?GOG;MM;FNI;IFI=;FIH>?@;TC;=IGJL;M
,<PC;G?HN? KO? >?HNLI >? OG; ;JFC=;\[I L;TIXP?F >I MCMN?G; @C
H;FCMN; IM >ICM =;MIM =IH@CAOL;L

M?
C;G @;NIM ;N_JC=IM ;MMCG =IGI I >I P?H
>?>IL >I JOHB;F KO? H[I JI>? L?MJIH>?L J?FI @;NI JL;NC=;>I JIL OG N?L
=?CLI KO? I =IGJLIO M;FPI M? MIO<?L =IG =?LN?T; KO? CLC; ?F? G;N;L ;FAO]G
, >IFI ?P?HNO;F HI eFNCGI =;MI L?MM;FN?
M? N;G<]G J;MM; ;I F;LAI JICM H[I
;MMOGCO I LCM=I >? JLI>OTCL OG L?MOFN;>I ?G @;=? >? OG; =IH>ON; CF_=CN;
JL;NC=;>; DX KO? P?H>?L OG JOHB;F I<M?LP;H>I
M? ;M L?AL;M F?A;CM H[I M?
=IH@CAOL; OG; =IH>ON; CF_=CN; ;>GCNCH>I

M? MIG?HN? I >IFI >CL?NI =IG ;
;<MIFON;=?LN?T;>?KO?IL?MOFN;>ICLXIJ?L;L
M?
+I ?R?GJFI >; ;G<OFZH=C; I<PC;G?HN? ; =;OM;FC>;>? >I @;NI @IC
CHN?LLIGJC>; "MM; L?AL; HI !CL?CNI -?H;F <L;MCF?CLI ?H=IHNL; =F;L; MIFO\[I
JICM ; =;OM; MOJ?LP?HC?HN? L?F;NCP;G?HN? CH>?J?H>?HN? KO? JLI>OTCO JIL MC
Ma I L?MOFN;>I CGJ?>? KO? I ;ONIL >I @;NI ;HN?=?>?HN? L?MJIH>; J?FI L?M
OFN;>I >?=ILL?HN? >I M?AOH>I ?P?HNI L?MJIH>?H>I ;J?H;M JIL BIGC=_>CI

N?HN;>I "MM; L?AL; ?MNX ?RJL?MM; H[I Ma HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ;LN g
I >? G;NLCT @CH;FCMN; G;M N;G<]G HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ILC?HN;>I J?FI
=;OM;FCMGI H?I=FXMMC=I ;LN g I +I G?MGI M?HNC>I >I ;KOC JLIJIMNI
$OCFB?LG? +O==C NIG;H>I I NL;>C=CIH;F ?R?GJFI >; GILN? >I J;=C?HN? CH
N?LH;>I ?G BIMJCN;F ?G L;T[I >? OG NCLI GILN? ?MM; JLIPI=;>; J?FI CH=^H
>CI ?G NI>I I HIMI=bGCI AL;@; KO? ; =;OM; L?F;NCP;G?HN? CH>?J?H>?HN?

oN?G @IL\; J;L; =ILN;L I H?RI =;OM;F @;T?H>I =IG KO? I ;A?HN? L?MJIH>;
MIG?HN? J?FI KO? DX JL;NC=IO +I ?R?GJFI MOJL;G?H=CIH;>I >I @IAI HI
BIMJCN;F NL;N;
M? >? ?P?HNI CGJL?PCM_P?F J?FI ;A?HN? >? GI>I KO? G?MGI
N?H>I JLI>OTC>I I GINCPI KO? F?PIO ; P_NCG; ;I HIMI=bGCI >;H>I

FB? OG
NCLI H[I >?P? L?MJIH>?L J?FI L?MOFN;>I G;CM AL;P? @IL; >I ;F=;H=? >? MO;
JL?PCMC<CFC>;>? , CH=^H>CI H[I M? ?H=IHNL; H;M J;F;PL;M >? !? *;LMC=I H;
qFCHB; ?PIFONCP; >I J?LCAIr L;T[I JIL KO? M?LP? J;L; =ILN;L I H?RI =;OM
;Fp[347]

+; ?HNL?A; >? NaRC=IM I<PC;G?HN? I NL;@C=;HN? H[I >?P? L?MJIH>?L

J?FI BIGC=_>CI "G JLCG?CLI FOA;L =;<? F?G<L;L KO? ; =IH>ON; @IC JL;NC=;>;
J?FI OMOXLCI >; >LIA; M?G H?HBOG; =;OM; KO? I NILH? CHCGJONXP?F HI ?R
?GJFI P?LM;>I I KO? ;@;MN; ; ?RCMN^H=C; >? BIGC=_>CI ? MCG >? MOC=_>CI
1;G<]G H[I ?MNX =F;LI M? I OMOXLCI H[I ;AO?HN;P; G;CM MO; PC>; ? >?=C>CO
>?F; >;L =;IM? ;=C>?HN;F >IH>? >?P?G M?L ;P?HN;
>;M ;M >O;M BCJaN?M?M ; =;MI N?HB; B;PC>I ; =IH>ON; CHN?H=CIH;F >? MOC=_
>CI H[I JI>?LX B;P?L ; J;LNC=CJ;\[I >I NL;@C=;HN? ?G BIGC=_>CI DX KO? H[I
?RCMNCO I @;NI JLCH=CJ;F >? BIGC=_>CI ? MCG >? MOC=_>CI I NL;@C=;HN? JILN;HNI
M? ?MNCP?L >?HNLI >? MO; JL?PCMC<CFC>;>? ; IP?L>IM? PIFOHNXLC; >?P?LX L?MJIH
>?L JIL NCJI J?H;F ?MJ?=_@C=I ;NL?F;>I ;I MOC=_>CI ;LN >I - IO ;LN
>I -* < =;MI B;D; ; IP?L>IM? ;=C>?HN;F ;@;MN;
M? ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? MOC
=_>CI ? >O;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M JI>?G I=ILL?L < M? I NL;@C=;HN? M;<C; >; ?R=?M
MCP; ? F?N;F KO;HNC>;>? ; M?L =IHMOGC>; N?H>I =?LN?T; >I ?P?HNI GILN? @O
NOLI M?G KO? I OMOXLCI NCP?MM? ?MM; =IHM=C^H=C; ; BCJaN?M? ] MCG >? BIG
C=_>CI < =;MI ; GILN? >I OMOXLCI KO? N;G<]G H[I M;<C; KO? ; >IM? ?L; F?N
;F H[I ?MNCP?MM? =IGJL??H>C>; =IGI FCHB; ?PIFONCP; >I J?LCAI =IGI ;=CG;
?M=LCNI B;P?LC; ?G L?F;\[I Y MO; GILN? @;NI ;N_JC=I J;L; I NL;@C=;HN?
G?MGI JILKO? M?O >IFI m ? MO; P?H>; >? >LIA; @IC >IFIM; m H[I =IGJL??H
>C; I L?MOFN;>I GILN? H[I JI>?H>I ?F? ?G @;=? >I JLCH=_JCI >; =OFJ;<CFC>
;>? L?MJIH>?LJ?FIL?MOFN;>I
"G =IH=FOM[I JILN;HNI I @OH=CIH;FCMGI J?H;F JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? H;M

=IH@ILG;\d?M >? /IRCH ? ';EI<M H[I JI>? M?L ;=IFBC>I =IGI OG; <;M? MaF
C>; >;>; MO; @FOC>?T =IH=?CNO;F ?H@?CR;>; =IG ; =IH=?J\[I >? @CH;FC>;>? >;
J?H; >? =;>; J?MMI; 2G; J?MKOCM; =?HNL;>; H?MM? MCMN?G; =ILL?LC; I LCM=I
>? HI >C; M?AOCHN? Y MO; =IH=FOM[I J?L>?L ; ;NO;FC>;>? ?G @;=? >; GO>;H\;
>? =IH=?J\[I >IM @CHM >I !CL?CNI -?H;F J?F; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; &MMI H[I CG
J?>? HI ?HN;HNI KO? ;FAOHM JIMNOF;>IM >? M?OM G;CIL?M N?aLC=IM >? @ILG;
JIHNO;F M?D;G ;=L?M=C>IM YM =IH=?J\d?M >I @CH;FCMGI KO? ?G HIMM; IJCH
C[I >?P? M?L ?F?CNI =IG MO;M CGJFC=;\d?M =IGI GI>?FI L?CNIL >I !CL?CNI
-?H;F H; ;NO;FC>;>? L?MN;H>I ;J?H;M P?LC@C=;L M? ?MM? MCMN?G; JI>? N;G
<]G L?A?LI!CL?CNI-?H;FGCFCN;L

D) O Direito Penal Militar e a possibilidade de aplicao de uma

moldura finalista
1;HNI I GI>?FI @CH;FCMN; ;>IN;>I J?FI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG =IGI
I =;OM;FCMN; ;>IN;>I J?FI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L L?JIOM;G ?G <;M?M IHNIFa
AC=;M "G<IL; =IG >C@?L?HN?M GIN?M M?GJL? M? <OM=; ?G ;G<IM IM MCMN?G;M

OG; =IGJL??HM[I ?MNLONOL;F >I >?FCNI P;LC;H>I >? ;=IL>I =IG ; ILC?HN;\[I
@CFIMa@C=;L?CH;HN?
AIL; NIG;H>I JIL JL?GCMM; KO? I GI>?FI G;CM ;=?LN;>I ?G<IL;
H[I J?L@?CNI ] I GI>?FI @CH;FCMN; M?LC; JIMM_P?F CGJIL ; OG !CL?CNI -?H;F
ILC?HN;>IJILOG a>CAI=;OM;FCMN;IM>IAG;MNL;TC>IMJ?FI@CH;FCMGI
L?MJIMN; ] ?G M?HNC>I ;@CLG;NCPI ? ?G<IL; ;M >C@C=OF>;>?M H[I
M?D;G JIO=;M JI>? M?L @ILGOF;>; >? G;H?CL; <;MN;HN? MCGJF?M N?H>I JIL
JL?GCMM; =IGI DX G?H=CIH;>I ;=CG; I @;NI >? ; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F H[I ;>IN;L
?RJL?MM;G?HN? OG GI>?FI H?G JIL =IHM?KO^H=C; >?@CHCL =LCG? "G IONLIM
N?LGIM I =IH=?CNI ;H;F_NC=I >? =LCG? H[I ?MNX ;N;>I Y F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F KO?
JI>? MOLACL MI< CH@FO^H=C; >?MM? IO >;KO?F? GI>?FI V @LONI CMMI MCG >?
=IHMNLO\[I >IAGXNC=; NL;HM=?H>?HN? Y F?NL; >; F?C KO? >?P? ?M@IL\;L
M? J;L;
MIFO=CIH;L I G;CIL HeG?LI >? =;MIM JIMM_P?CM MI< ; ILC?HN;\[I >? >?N?LGCH
;>;JIF_NC=;=LCGCH;F
-IL a<PCI I ius positum HI KO? =IH=?LH? ;I =IH=?CNI ;H;F_NC=I >?

=LCG? JI>? ;N] NILH?;L =?LNIM >CMJIMCNCPIM CH>C=;H>I HI a>CAI -?H;F
=IGOG IO HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L >?N?LGCH;>;M >CL?\d?M ; M?L?G M?AOC>;M
=IGI ;=CG; ;JIHN;>I 1I>;PC; BX AL;H>? A;G; >? =IH=?CNIM DOL_>C=IM CH>?
N?LGCH;>IM KO? ;>GCN?G ; =IGJL??HM[I ;DOMN;>; ;IM HIPIM >IAG;M

NL;TC>IMJ?F;>IONLCH;
In exemplis I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;I >?@CHCL ; CH@L;\[I J?H;F >I
FIM; ? =OFJIM; HIM CH=CMIM & ? && >? M?O ;LN I @;T MI< ; LO<LC=; o=OFJ;<CFC>
;>?p CH>C=;H>I =F;L;G?HN? =IGI PCMNI KO? >I ?H@IKO? JIL ?F? ;>IN;>I ;
;\[I ] =;OM;F ?HKO;HNI ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ] JMC=IFaAC=I
HILG;NCP; &MMI ?H
NL?N;HNI H[I I<MN; ; ;HXFCM? >? OG; ;\[I ?G @;=? >? OG ?JCMa>CI ?G N?M?

=IH@CAOL;>IL >? =LCG? GCFCN;L =IG IM =IHNILHIM KO? BID? ; =;L;=N?LCT;G

"HN?H>;
M? ; ;\[I =IH>ON; J;L; JIMMC<CFCN;L I CH_=CI >; CHP?MNCA;\[I >I
>?FCNI J?FI @;NI N_JC=I >?P? M?L =IHMC>?L;>; =IG M?O =IHN?e>I MO<D?NCPI
>IFI IO =OFJ; G?MGI JILKO? H[I BX HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L OG =IH=?CNI
F?A;F>?;\[IIOG?MGI>?=IH>ON;
!?MM; @ILG; MOMN?HN;
M? KO? ] J?L@?CN;G?HN? JIMM_P?F ; ;JFC=;\[I
>? >IAG;M @CH;FCMN;M IO >? KO;FKO?L IONLI GI>?FI KO? P?HB; ; M?L G;CM <?G
=IHMC>?L;>I m I KO? H[I ] I =;MI >I @OH=CIH;FCMGI =IGI >?GIHMNL;>I m
?G OG; GIF>OL; =;OM;FCMN; MI< J?H; >? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J?H;F >?M=IG
J;MM;>; =IG ; GI>?LH; N?ILC; >I @;NI JOH_P?F >CPIL=C;>; ?G PXLCIM JIHNIM
>I B?LIC=I JLCH=_JCI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? "MM; ;JFC=;\[I >?P?
M? ;HIN;L ?H=IH
NL;LX FCGCN?M H; F?C M;FPI M? =IHMNLO\[I ?MJ?=_@C=; =IN?D;H>I I -* Y IH
MNCNOC\[I F?P;L Y =IH=FOM[I J?F; H[I L?=?J\[I >I >CMJIMCNCPI 3IFN;H>I ;I ?R
?GJFI >I ;LN ;J?M;L >? AL;@;L ; LO<LC=; o=OFJ;<CFC>;>?p CH>C=;H>I IH>?
I >IFI ? ; =OFJ; >?P?G M?L ;FI=;>IM H[I M? NL;N; >? OG G;H>;G?HNI F?A;F
G;M >; MCGJF?M >?@CHC\[I >? =OFJ; ? >IFI JI>?H>I B;P?L J?L@?CN;G?HN? ;
;>I\[I >?MM?M =IH=?CNIM F?A;CM KO;H>I >I ?MNO>I >I @;NI N_JC=I MCNO;\[I
H[I ] N[I J;=_@C=; HI ?HN;HNI HI KO? =IH=?LH? Y MCMN?GXNC=; ;>IN;>; J?FI

-* J;L; I ?LLI DOL_>C=I J?H;F KO? HI -* ;JL?M?HN;
M? MI< ;M @ILG;M >?
?LLI >? >CL?CNI ;LN ? ?LLI >? @;NI ;LN M?H>I =IGI L?AL; CGJIMM_P?F
I NL;MF;>I >I ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I ? >I ?LLI >? NCJI >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG
J;L; IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ?R=?NI M? P?LM;LGIM OG; =IHMNLO\[I ?G KO? IM
;LNCAIM H[I N?HB;G MC>I L?=?J=CIH;>IM J?F; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F =IGI
J;L?=?I=ILL?L=IGI?LLI>?>CL?CNI KO?P?L?GIM;>C;HN?
2.1.3.6. Elementos do conceito analtico de crime segundo o

finalismo
IGI M? PCO ;N] ;AIL; MI<L?PCP?H>I YM =L_NC=;M ? MI@L?H>I ;FAOG;M
;FN?L;\d?M KO? H[I I >?MH;NOL;G JIL =IGJF?NI I @CH;FCMGI NILHIO
M? o;
HIP; IL>?G H; >IAGXNC=; J?H;Fp CH@FO?H=C;H>I I !CL?CNI -?H;F ?G NI>I I
GOH>I ? J;LNC=OF;LG?HN? HI L;MCF ; L?@ILG; >; -;LN? $?L;F >I a>CAI -?H
;F=IGOG =CL=OHMNZH=C;KO?H[I;NCHACOI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L

J?M;L >CMMI ?HN?H>?GIM =IGI JIMM_P?F I ?MNO>I >I =LCG? GCFCN;L

M?AOH>I IM JIMNOF;>IM >; PCM[I @CH;FCMN; ? JIL ?MM; L;T[I =IHMC>?L;GIM @OH
>;G?HN;F I ?MNO>I >?NC>I >; N?ILC; A?L;F >I >?FCNI GILG?HN? >IM ?F?G?HNIM
=IHMNCNONCPIM >I =IH=?CNI ;H;F_NC=I >? =LCG? =?HNL;>I HI GI>?FI @CH;FCMN; I
KO? @;L?GIM >IL;P;HN? G;M M?GJL? @;T?H>I ; =IGJ;L;\[I =IG ; ?MNLONOL;
=;OM;F >I -* V JL?=CMI ?HN?H>?L N;G<]G KO? I GI>?FI @CH;FCMN; JOLI
=IH@ILG? C>?;FCTIO 4?FT?F ] >C@_=CF >? M?L ?H=IHNL;>I H; >IONLCH; J?H;F
JILKO;HNI PXLCIM IONLIM ?MNO>CIMIM <OM=;L;G =IHNLC<OCL J;L; ;J?L@?C\I;L I

GI>?FI B;P?H>I ;N] G?MGI M?AG?HNI KO? MOMN?HN; ; CH;OAOL;\[I >? HIPIM
GI>?FIM J?H;CM M?G KO? M? H?AO? HI ?HN;HNI ; JLCH=CJ;F =IHNLC<OC\[I >I @C
H;FCMGI ; M?>CG?HN;\[I >; C>?C; >? KO? ; =IH>ON; I<D?NI >I ?MNO>I HI
!CL?CNI -?H;F ] ;KO?F; =IFILC>; J?FI ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI CH>C=;H>I OG;
>CL?\[I@CH;F
HN?M >? CL ;IM ?F?G?HNIM >I =IH=?CNI @CH;FCMN; NI>;PC; >?P?GIM

L;NC@C=;L KO? I =LCG? ] L?;FC>;>? eHC=; CH>CPCM_P?F @;NC=;G?HN? V @?HbG?HI
G;N?LC;FKO?H[IM?JI>?>?MG?G<L;L
-IL IONLI F;>I ; =IGJL??HM[I ?R;N; >I >?FCNI ?RCA? MIC>XNC=I I M?O >?MG?G<L;G?HNI HIM ?F?G?HNIM IO =IGI JL?@?L? *CL;
<?N?[348] =;L;=N?L_MNC=;M KO? I =IHMNCNO?G MOLACH>I JICM IM ?F?G?HNIM

CHN?AL;HN?M >I =LCG? MI< OG =IH=?CNI ;H;F_NC=I >P?LNCGIM KO? ;FAOHM JL?@
?L?G @;F;L ?G requisitos genricos do crime L?@?LCH>I

M? ;IM ?F?G?HNIM ?M
NLONOL;CM >I >?FCNI NCJC=C>;>? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? J;L; ;FAOHM =OFJ;<CFC>
;>? ? em requisitos especficos do crime L?@?LCH>I

M? ;IM ?F?G?HNIM ?MNLO
NOL;CM >I NCJI J?H;F >? IL>?G >?M=LCNCP; HILG;NCP; ? MO<D?NCP;[349] KO?
P?L?GIM;>C;HN?
A) Tipo de injusto: o fato tpico

&HC=C;H>I HIMMI ?MNO>I >?NC>I >?P?
M? ?HN?H>?L ; ;<L;HA^H=C; >;
?RJL?MM[I oCHDOMNI J?H;Fp IO NCJI >? CHDOMNI KO? M? =;L;=N?LCT; J?F; NCJC=C>
;>? ?G M?HNC>I ;GJFI M?G ?R=FO>?HN?M >? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? "G IONLIM N?L
GIM ICHDOMNI]NCJC=C>;>?;HNCDOL_>C=;

+IN;
M? JILN;HNI KO? H[I M? JI>? =IH@OH>CL I NCJI >? CHDOMNI =IG
I tipo penal IO tipo legal ?HN?H>C>I =IGI >?M=LC\[I ;<MNL;N; >;>; J?FI F?
ACMF;>IL KO? ;I M?L JL??H=BC>; J?FI @;NI L?;F =IH@CAOL; ; NCJC=C>;>? >?@CH
C>; >?MM;@ILG; =IGIMO<MOH\[I?R;N;>I@;NIY>?M=LC\[IJ?H;F ;INCJI
1;G<]G J;L; IM ;>?JNIM >; N?ILC; NLCJ;LNC>; IO NLC=INbGC=; H[I M?
=IH@OH>?G NCJI >? CHDOMNI IO injusto tpico ? tipo do delito IO >I crime
KO? M? =;L;=N?LCT; JIL M?L tipo do injusto culpvel >IN;>I >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>?
0CHN?NCT;H>I ; ?MNLONOL; NLCJ;LNC>; CN?H=IOLN ;@CLG; KO? o=LCG? ] I CHDOMNI
=OFJXP?Fp[350]
, ?MNO>I >I NCJI >? CHDOMNI >?P? M?L CHC=C;>I J?F; NCJC=C>;>? 1;F
?MNO>I NI>;PC; >?P? M?L JL?=?>C>I >; =IGJL??HM[I >; ;\[I BOG;H; ? >; L?
F;\[I>?=;OM;FC>;>? CH>CMMI=CXP?CM>;;HXFCM?JL?N?H>C>;
OGJL? =IHMCAH;L KO? BX M?AG?HNI >IONLCHXLCI =IGI DX ?M
<I\;GIM KO? =B?A; ; CMIF;L ; ;\[I BOG;H; =IGI OG KO;LNI ?F?G?HNI >I
=IH=?CNI ;H;F_NC=I ?G OG; estrutura quadripartida >I =LCG? ,ONLIM
MOMN?HN;G KO? I fato tpico IO tipicidade em sentido lato JI>? J;L; I
?MNO>I ;H;F_NC=I M?L >?MG?G<L;>I ?G conduta IO ;\[I BOG;H; ?RJL?MM[I
KO? >?P? ?HAFI<;L N;HNI ; =IGCMM[I =IGI ; IGCMM[I resultado HIM =LCG?M
G;N?LC;CM nexo causal ? tipicidade ;KOCPCMN;?GM?HNC>I?MNLCNI[351]
!? KO;FKO?L GI>I J;L?=? =IHP?HC?HN? >?>C=;L ;FAOG;M FCHB;M ;I
?MNO>I >; ao humana ? >; L?F;\[I >? =;OM;FC>;>? >?F; =IG I resultado do
crime J;L; Ma ?HN[I J;MM;L ;I ?MNO>I >I NCJI F?A;F IO NCJC=C>;>? ?G M?HNC>I
?MNLCNI
a) Ao humana
, @;NI =LCGCHIMI JIL M?L =;F=;>I ?G HILG; ;<MNL;N; L?KO?L J;L; ;
MO; =IH@CAOL;\[I ; JLXNC=; >? OG; ;\[I IO ; H[I JLXNC=; >?F; KO;H>I ;MMCG
?RCA? ; F?C PCMNI KO? I !CL?CNI H[I JI>? =OC>;L JLIC<CH>I IO ?RCACH>I KO? M?
;D; >? MCNO;\d?M CLL;=CIH;CM M?G KO? B;D; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? >?FC<?L;\[I ?G
@;=?>I=IHN?e>I>;HILG;J?H;F

"G IONL;M J;F;PL;M MIG?HN? I M?L BOG;HI JI>? =IG?N?L =LCG? >?
@ILG; =IGCMMCP; IO IGCMMCP; JICM oOG; JLIC<C\[I >CLCAC>; Y H?P? >? H[I M?
;AFIG?L;L HOG; ;P;F;H=B; H[I N?LC; I G?HIL M?HNC>I H?G JL??H=B?LC;
KO;FKO?L @CH;FC>;>? N;F KO;F OG; JLIC<C\[I >CLCAC>; Y L;JIM; J;L; KO?
>?CR;MM?>?LIO<;LA;HMIMp[352]
;\[I BOG;H; >?MM;LN? ] ; A^H?M? >I =LCG? nullum crimen sine
actione[353] -IL ?MM; L;T[I ; >IAGXNC=; J?H;F >?>C=; ;FAOG N?GJI ;I M?O
?MNO>I I KO? JL?N?H>?GIM ?RJF;H;L =IH@ILG? ;FAOG;M N?ILC;M KO? A;H
B;L;G HINILC?>;>? F;H\;H>I G[I CH=FOMCP? >? =IH=?J\d?M DX ?RJF;H;>;M

KO;H>I>I?MNO>I>IMGI>?FIMJ?H;CM
Teoria causal da ao
#IC DOMN;G?HN? I =IH=?CNI >? ;\[I KO? L?H>?O ; 3IH )CMTN ? IONLIM I
;ALOJ;G?HNI HI GI>?FI J?H;F CHNCNOF;>I causalismo >?HIGCH;>I JIL
4?FT?F MCMN?G; =FXMMC=I >? )CMTN
?FCHA
/;><LO=B G;CM N;L>? ;=L?M=C>I J?F;M
=IHNLC
<OC\d?M
-;L; ?MM? M?AOCG?HNI =IGI PCGIM ;I ?MNO>;L IM GI>?FIM =;OM;CM
;JaM OG; =IH=?J\[I =;OM;F
H;NOL;F =B?AIO
M? ; OG; N?ILC; =;OM;F
P;FIL
;NCP; M?AOH>I ; KO;F ;\[I o] ; =;OM;\[I >I L?MOFN;>I JIL OG ;NI >? PIHN;>?
"MN? M? ;JL?M?HN; =IGI GIPCG?HNI =ILJaL?I PIFOHNXLCI CMNI ] =IG N?HM[I
=IHNL;\[I >IM GeM=OFIM >?N?LGCH;>; H[I JIL =I;\[I G?=ZHC=; IO
JMC=I@_MC=; G;M JIL C>?C;M IO L?JL?M?HN;\d?M ? ?@?NO;>; JIL CH?LP;\[I >IM

H?LPIM GINIL?M , GIPCG?HNI =ILJaL?I ? I L?MOFN;>I =IHMNCNO?G JICM IM
>ICM ?F?G?HNIM CAO;FG?HN? CGJILN;HN?M >; C>?C; >? ;\[I =IGI =IGCM
M[Ip[354]
+I G;ACMN]LCI >? MMCM 1IF?>I ; LO_H; >I GI>?FI =;OM;FCMN; M? CHC
=C;LC; =IG ; >?M=I<?LN; >IM ?F?G?HNIM ;H_GC=IM HIM >?FCNIM >? CHN?H\[I ;I
KO? M? MIGIO ; M;HB; ;HNCJIMCNCPCMN; CHC=C;>; J?FI H?IE;HNCMGI ? L;NC@C=;>;
H;M HIP;M =ILL?HN?M >? J?HM;G?HNI ?H=IHNL;>;M H; JLCG?CL; G?N;>? >I
M]=OFI 55 >P?LN? ;CH>; I G?MNL? KO? ; ?PIFO\[I >; N?ILC; >; ;\[I H[I MCA
HC@C=IO ; MCGJF?M H?A;\[I >I =;OM;FCMGI G;M MCG I ;=L]M=CGI >? ?F?G?HNIM
;I GI>?FI =;OM;F HIN;>;G?HN? ; @CH;FC>;>? ?F?G?HNI JM_KOC=I >; ;\[I KO?

H[I @IC =OHB;>I JIL %;HM 4?FT?F ;JL?M?HN;H>I ;HN?=?>?HN?M =IG #L;HT
L?HN;HI KO? <OM=IO >C@?L?H=C;L H; ;\[I @?HbG?HIM @_MC=IM >IM JM_KOC=IM
;IMKO;CM=B;GIO>?CHN?H=CIH;FC>;>?[355]
IGI DX =IHMCAH;>I IM >CMJIMCNCPIM F?A;CM >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L

F?P;G Y =IH=FOM[I J?F; ;>I\[I >?MM; N?ILC; GILG?HN? I ;LN KO? ;FI=; I
>IFI?;=OFJ;H;=OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?H[IHI@;NIN_JC=I ;NL?F;>IMY=IH>ON;
Teoria finalista da ao
N?ILC; @CH;FCMN; >; ;\[I JLIJIMN; J?F; JLCG?CL; P?T JIL %;HM
4?FT?F ?G =IGI PCGIM NLIOR? P?L>;>?CL; L?PIFO\[I HI !CL?CNI -?H;F
!CTC; ?F? KO? oNI>; ;\[I =IG MCAHC@C=;\[I J?H;F ] OG; OHC>;>? @ILG;>; JIL
?F?G?HNIM I<D?NCPIM ? MO<D?NCPIM >? @;NI ? PIHN;>? MO; L?;FCT;\[I I=ILL?
?G @ILG; >CMNCHN; =IGI =IGCMM[I J?LJ?NL;\[I IO IGCMM[I ?G OG AL;O
>CMNCHNI =IGI JL?J;L;\[I N?HN;NCP; IO =IHMOG;\[Ip " JLIMM?AOC; ;@CLG
;H>I KO? oNI>; PC>; MI=C;F M? ?MNLONOL; MI<L? ; ;NCPC>;>? @CH;FCMN; -L?MMOJd?
KO? I BIG?G JI>? JLIJIL
M? ; @CHM P;F? >CT?L I<D?NCPIM @ONOLIM ?F?A?H>I IM
G?CIM H?=?MMXLCIM J;L; MO; I<N?H\[I ? =IFI=X
FIM ?G ;NCPC>;>? I !CL?CNI
-?H;FM?I=OJ;>?;\d?M;J?H;MHIM?HNC>I>?MN;;NCPC>;>?@CH;FCMN;p[356]
"G MOG; JILN;HNI ?G NI>I =IGJILN;G?HNI BOG;HI G?L;G?HN?

=;OM;F >?MJLIPC>I >? @CH;FC>;>? H[I JI>? I !CL?CNI -?H;F CGCM=OCL
M? >?
P?H>IN;F=IGJILN;G?HNIM?L?R=FO_>I>?M?OI<D?NI>?;JL?=C;\[I
, ?F?G?HNI @CH;F >; ;\[I ; PIHN;>? =IHM=C?HN? =IGJL??H>? =IGI

N;G<]G DX ?RJIMNI NL^M GIG?HNIM ; M;<?L ; ;HN?=CJ;\[I >I @CG ; M?F?\[I
>IM G?CIM >? ?R?=O\[I ? ; =IHMC>?L;\[I >IM ?@?CNIM =IF;N?L;CM H?=?MMXLCIM ?
JIMM_P?CM "G IONLIM N?LGIM JLCG?CLI I ;ONIL >I >?FCNI M? JLIJd? ; OG @CG
; J;LNCL >I KO? M?F?=CIH; I G?CI J;L; ;NCHAC
FI ? N;F M?F?\[I N?G =IGI ;NLC<
ONI ; P?LC@C=;\[I IO L?JL?M?HN;\[I >? =IHM?KO^H=C;M CH?PCNXP?CM IO

JLIPXP?CM
'X HIM JIMC=CIH;GIM ;=?L=; >; CH;@;MN;<CFC>;>? >I GI>?FI @CH;FCMN;

+[I M? ;>GCN? BI>C?LH;G?HN? ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J?H;F JIL G?L; ;NCNO>?
=;OM;>IL; >? OG L?MOFN;>I N_JC=I >?MJLIPC>; >I ?F?G?HNI @CH;F =IH=FOM[I

KO? ; >?MJ?CNI >? MO; =F;L?T; ? JL?=CM[I H[I I<MNIO M?P?L;M =L_NC=;M ;I
GI>?FI
1;FP?T ; =L_NC=; G;CM M?P?L; ;I GI>?FI @CH;FCMN; >? ;\[I M?D; ;
;F?A;\[I >? KO? N;F ?HN?H>CG?HNI H[I ?RJFC=;LC; IM >?FCNIM =OFJIMIM ? N;G
JIO=I IM >?FCNIM >? IGCMM[I IGI ?RCACL ; ;HN?=CJ;\[I >? OG L?MOFN;>I J;L;
;ACL ?G OG =LCG? =OFJIMI GILG?HN? H; =OFJ; CH=IHM=C?HN? ?G KO? ; JIM
MC<CFC>;>? >I L?MOFN;>I H?G M?KO?L J;MM; J?FI L;=CI=_HCI >I ;A?HN?
@C=;LC;;G?MG;;HN?=CJ;\[IHIM=LCG?MIGCMMCPIM
IGI
.O;HNI ;IM >?FCNIM =OFJIMIM >?P?

M? F?G<L;L ;HN?=CJ;H>I I KO?
;>OTCL?GIM KO? I >?MP;FIL L?JIOM; JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? H; ;\[I H[I H; ;\[I
>CL?=CIH;>; ; OG L?MOFN;>I G;M MCG H; ;\[I @CH;FCMNC=;G?HN? >CLCAC>; Y

KO?<L; >I =OC>;>I I<D?NCPI ?RCAC>I IO >I LCM=I J?LGCNC>I !?MM; @ILG; ;
;\[I =OFJIM; N;G<]G ] @CH;F H[I ?G L;T[I >I L?MOFN;>I G;M J?F; KO?<L; >?
>?P?L I<D?NCPI >? =OC>;>I IO >I >?P?L >? FCGCN;\[I ;I LCM=I J?LGCNC>I =L?M
=?HN; CN?H=IOLN KO? ?G M?>? eFNCG; I GI>?FI @CH;FCMN; >? ;\[I HIM =LCG?M
=OFJIMIM L?MNLCHA?
M? Y M?F?\[I >? G?CIM PCMNI KO? oI @CG JL?N?H>C>I J?FI
;A?HN? A?L;FG?HN? ] CLL?F?P;HN? G;M H[I IM G?CIM ?M=IFBC>IM IO ; @ILG; >?
MO; ONCFCT;\[Ip ? ?R?GJFC@C=; =IG ?L?TI *CL ;I ;>OTCL KO? oI BIG?G KO?
>CLCA? OG P?_=OFI ? =;OM; >? @ILG; H[I >IFIM; ; GILN? >? OG J?>?MNL?
L?;FCT; OG; ;\[I @CH;FCMN; =IH>OTCL I P?_=OFI , @CG >; ;\[I m CL ; OG FOA;L
>?N?LGCH;>I m ] DOL_>C=I
J?H;FG?HN? CLL?F?P;HN? HI ?HN;HNI ] DOL_>C=I
J?H;FG?HN? L?F?P;HN? ; @ILG; >? ONCFCT;\[I >I G?CI M? I GINILCMN; JIL ?R
?GJFI I=IH>OT?GP?FI=C>;>??R=?MMCP;p[357]
+I =;MI >; IGCMM[I ;>OT CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM KO? >?P? ?F; oM?L
J?HM;>; ; J;LNCL >I =IH=?CNI >? ;\[I G;H>;>; =IGI ;=IHN?=CG?HNI MI=C;F
=IHMNLO_>I J?F; @CH;FC>;>? >? JLIN?A?L <?HM DOL_>C=IM ?G MCNO;\[I >? J?LCAI
; CH?R?=O\[I >; ;\[I G;H>;>; JIL OG MOD?CNI =;J;T >? ;ACL J;L; CGJ?>CL I
L?MOFN;>I ? JLIN?A?L I <?G DOL_>C=I =;L;=N?LCT; IGCMM[I >? ;\[Ip[358]
;\[I @CH;F JILN;HNI HIM =LCG?M IGCMMCPIM ] I H[I ;=;N;G?HNI ;HN? I >?P?L
DOL_>C=I>?;ACL
Teoria social da ao

@CLG;G ;FAOHM KO? ?MM; N?ILC; M?LC; JIHNI CHN?LG?>CXLCI ?HNL? ;

N?ILC; =;OM;F ? ; @CH;F ;\[I H?MM; =IH=?J\[I ] oOG; GIF>OL; JL??H=B_P?F
YM P?T?M J?FI =IH=?CNI =;OM;F >? ;\[I =IGI =;OM;\[I >? L?MOFN;>IM MI=C;F
G?HN? L?F?P;HN?M ? YM P?T?M J?FI =IH=?CNI @CH;F >? ;\[I =IGI @;NIL @ILG
;>IL >I M?HNC>I >; L?;FC>;>? MI=C;Fp[359] -IL ?MM? GI>?FI JILN;HNI N;HNI
I GI>?FI =;OM;F =IGI I GI>?FI @CH;F H[I ?L;G MO@C=C?HN?M J;L; ?MAIN;L ;
>CL?\[I >; ;\[I MOLACH>I JICM ; JLIJIMN; >? KO? OG @;NI =IHMC>?L;>I HIL
G;F =ILL?NI DOMNI ? ;>?KO;>I MI=C;FG?HN? H[I JI>? ;I G?MGI N?GJI MCAHC
@C=;L CHDOMNI J?H;F H[I M?H>I J;MM_P?F >? =IHM?KO^H=C;M J?H;CM[360] +?MM?
M?HNC>I ; F?M[I ? A =;OM;>; H; IL?FB; >? @CFB; L?=]G

H;M=C>; J?F;
=IFI=;\[I >? <LCH=IM H[I =IHMNCNOCLC; ;\[I BOG;H; N_JC=; OG; P?T KO? BX ;
CLL?F?PZH=C;>;=IH>ON; CH>CMNCHN;G?HN?JL;NC=;>;HIM?CIMI=C;F
AL;H>? =L_NC=; ; L?@ON;L ; JL?M?HN? N?ILC; >CT L?MJ?CNI Y ?HILG? >C
@C=OF>;>? ?G =F;MMC@C=;L =IH>ON;M ?G ;>?KO;>;M IO CH;>?KO;>;M MI=C;F
G?HN? F?P;H>I #L;H=CM=I >? MMCM 1IF?>I ; ;@CLG;L KO? J?F; oP;MNC>[I >?
MO; ?RN?HM[I M? JL?MN; J;L; NO>I JI>?H>I ;<;L=;L ;N] @?HbG?HIM >;
H;NOL?T; JICM H[I M? BX >? H?A;L qL?F?PZH=C; MI=C;Fr ? DOL_>C=; Y GO>;H\; >I
=OLMI >IM LCIM JIL q;\[Ir >; ?LIM[I =IG L?J?L=OMM[I MI<L? IM FCGCN?M >;M
JLIJLC?>;>?Mp[361]
"G MOG; ; CH?R;NC>[I >; N?ILC; ?G L?F?PI L?=IG?H>; =;ON?F; ?G
MO; ;>I\[I JILKO;HNI JI>?L_;GIM ?MN;L >C;HN? >? @;NIM H[I =IGJL??H>C>IM
J?FI GI>?FI @CH;F >CPIL=C;>IM >; ;\[I BOG;H; MI=C;FG?HN? CH;>?KO;>IM
L?KO?L?H>I >?MM;LN? ;;JL?=C;\[I>I!CL?CNI-?H;F
Outras teorias da ao
HIMMI P?L CH?PCNXP?F ] I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >; N?ILC; @CH;FCMN; =IGI
GI>?FI ;>?KO;>I >? ;\[I ; MIFO=CIH;L IM JLI<F?G;M ;JL?M?HN;>IM V >? HIN
;L KO? ; =IG?\;L J?F; ;P;FC;\[I >; ;\[I HI @;NI N_JC=I IM =;MIM ?G ?MJ]=C?
JI>?G DX ?G JLCG?CL; ;HXFCM? M?L ;@;MN;>IM =IGI =LCG? JIL H[I ;JL?M?HN
;L?G ; ;\[I >IN;>; >? M?OM ?F?G?HNIM JM_KOC=IM In exemplis I @;NI >? OG
=[I J;NLCGIHC;>I ?G ILJIL;\[I *CFCN;L =IHM?AOCL >?MP?H=CFB;L
M? >? M?O
=O<_=OFI M?G KO? B;D; =IHNLC<OC\[I BOG;H; ? ;N;=;L OG NL;HM?OHN?

=;OM;H>I
FB? F?M[I H[I =IHMNCNOCLX =LCG? JIL H[I M? ;GIF>;L ;I GI>?FI >?
;\[I >I G?MGI GI>I I @;NI >? OG GINILCMN; >? =;GCHB[I PC;NOL; GCFCN;L
FIAI J?F; G;HB[ CHC=C;L G;L=B; HI P?_=OFI G;N;H>I ;FAO]G KO? >ILGCL;
MI< ?F? H[I =IHMNCNOCLX ;\[I HI GI>?FI @CH;FCMN; >?M>? KO? @CKO? ?PC>?H
=C;>I KO? ; P_NCG; H[I JI>C; M?L PCMN; J?FI GINILCMN; JILKO;HNI ?RNL;JIF; I
>?P?L I<D?NCPI >? =OC>;>I IFB;L MI? P?LC@C=;L M? ;FAOG CH
@?FCT ;FC J?LHICN;L; =IGJL??HM[I KO? M?LC; >CP?LM; H; =IH=?J\[I =;OM;F >?
;\[I JILKO;HNIH?F;JL?M=CH>?
M?>;CHP?MNCA;\[I>I>IFI?>;=OFJ;
J?M;L >CMMI =IHP]G =IHMCAH;L >? @ILG; MO=CHN; IONL;M N?ILC;M

KO? JI>?G F?P;L I ?MNO>CIMI JIL MC Ma ; =B?A;L ; OG; =IH=FOM[I M?G M? ;>
MNLCHACLYIL;JLIJIMN;
#L;H=CM=I >? MMCM 1IF?>I ;>IN; ; teoria jurdico-penal M?AOH>I ;

KO;F ;\[I o] I =IGJILN;G?HNI BOG;HI >IGCH;>I IO >IGCHXP?F J?F; PIHN
;>? >CLCAC>I J;L; ; F?M[I IO J;L; ; ?RJIMC\[I >? J?LCAI >? OG <?G DOL_>C=I
IO ;CH>; J;L;;=;OM;\[I>?OG;JL?PCM_P?FF?M[I;OG<?GDOL_>C=Ip[362]
%X N;G<]G I GI>?FI H?A;NCPI >? ;\[I >? F;PL; >? %?LT<?LA ?

?BL?H>N ;JFC=;>I MCMN?G;NC=;G?HN? JIL %;LLI ,NNI ?G KO? ; ;\[I oN?G
=IGI He=F?I @OH>;G?HN;F I JLCH=_JCI >; ?PCN;<CFC>;>? M?AOH>I I KO;F OG
L?MOFN;>I ] ;NLC<O_P?F ;I ;ONIL M? I >CL?CNI IL>?H; MO; ?PCN;\[I ? I ;ONIL H[I
I?PCN; ?G<IL;JIMM;?PCNX
FIp[363]
-IL @CG =CN;GIM I GI>?FI J?MMI;F >? ;\[I >?=ILL^H=C; >I MCMN?G;
>? @;NI JOH_P?F >? F;OM /IRCH CHN?AL;HN? >I @OH=CIH;FCMGI ;=CG; ?MGC
O\;>I >?@CHCH>I ;\[I =IGI oG;HC@?MN;\[I >; J?LMIH;FC>;>? OG =IH=?CNI

=IGJL??HMCPI >? NI>I ;=IHN?=CG?HNI ;NLC<O_P?F ;I =?HNLI >? ;\[I JM_KOC=I
?MJCLCNO;F >I BIG?G >?@CHC\[I >? ;\[I =IGI G;HC@?MN;\[I >; J?LMIH;FC>
;>? J?LGCNCLC; ?R=FOCL JIL OG F;>I NI>IM IM @?HbG?HIM MIGXNC=I

=ILJIL;CM
CHMOM=?N_P?CM >? =IHNLIF? >I ?AI ? JILN;HNI H[I >IGCH;>IM IO H[I >IGCHX
P?CM J?F; PIHN;>? BOG;H; @IL\; @_MC=; ;<MIFON; =IHPOFMd?M GIPCG?HNIM L?
@F?RIM ?N= H[I =IHMNCNO?G G;HC@?MN;\[I >; J?LMIH;FC>;>? JIL IONLI F;>I
?R=FOC J?HM;G?HNIM ? ?GI\d?M ?H=?LL;>IM H; ?M@?L; JM_KOC=I
?MJCLCNO;F >I

M?L BOG;HI JILKO? H[I L?JL?M?HN;G G;HC@?MN;\[I >; J?LMIH;FC>
;>?p[364]
b) Resultado
, L?MOFN;>I M?AOH>I OG; PCM[I H;NOL;F_MNC=; ] ; ;FN?L;\[I >I
GOH>I ?RN?LCIL CGJOFMCIH;>; J?F; =IH>ON; >I ;A?HN? ,=ILL? KO? H?G NI
>IM IM >?FCNIM JL?P??G JIL L?MOFN;>I OG; ;FN?L;\[I @_MC=; >I ;G<C?HN? I KO?
F?P; Y H?=?MMC>;>? >? C>?;FCT;\[I >? IONLI L?MOFN;>I I L?MOFN;>I DOL_>C=I
NL;>OTC>IJ?F;=IHM?KO^H=C;DOL_>C=;>I=LCG?
1I>I =LCG? JLI>OT OG L?MOFN;>I DOL_>C=I G;M H?G M?GJL? OG L?M
OFN;>I H;NOL;F_MNC=I I KO? F?P; Y =F;MMC@C=;\[I >IM >?FCNIM ?G =LCG?M G;N?LC
;CM @ILG;CM?>?G?L;=IH>ON;
Crime material =IHMCMN? H;KO?F? ?G KO? oBX H?=?MMC>;>? >? OG

L?MOFN;>I ?RN?LHI Y ;\[I >?M=LCNI H; F?C ? KO? M? >?MN;=; FaAC=; ? =LIHIFI
AC=;G?HN? >; =IH>ON; "MM? L?MOFN;>I >?P? M?L =IHMC>?L;>I >? ;=IL>I =IG I
M?HNC>I H;NOL;F_MNC=I >; J;F;PL; ? H[I =IG L?F;\[I ;I M?O =IHN?e>I DOL_>C=I
JICM NI>IM IM =LCG?M JLIPI=;G F?M[I IO J?LCAI J;L; I <?G DOL_>C=Ip[365]
IGI ?R?GJFI JI>?GIM =CN;L I =LCG? >? BIGC=_>CI =;JCNOF;>I HI ;LN
>I -*
Crime formal ] ;KO?F? ?G KO? oBX H?=?MMC>;>? >? L?;FCT;\[I >;
KOCFI KO? ] JL?N?H>C>I J?FI ;A?HN? ? I L?MOFN;>I DOL_>C=I JL?PCMNI HI NCJI

I=ILL? ;I G?MGI N?GJI ?G KO? M? >?M?HLIF; ; =IH>ON; M[I =B;G;>IM >?
=LCG?M >? =IHMOG;\[I ;HN?=CJ;>;p[366]. IGI ?R?GJFI NIG?
M? ; =IH
=OMM[I JL?PCMN;HI;LN >I -*

#CH;FG?HN? HI crime de mera conduta o; F?C H[I ?RCA? KO;FKO?L
L?MOFN;>I H;NOL;F_MNC=I =IHN?HN;H>I
M? =IG ; ;\[I IO IGCMM[I >I
;A?HN?p[367]. IGI ?R?GJFI =CN;GIM ; PCIF;\[I >? >IGC=_FCI =;JCNOF;>; HI
;LN>I -*
.O;H>I M? ;H;FCM; IM >?FCNIM <OM=;H>I =F;MMC@C=X

FIM M?AOH>I I L?M
OFN;>I N;G<]GJI>?
M?>CPC>C
FIM?G=LCG?M>?>;HI?=LCG?M>?J?LCAI

,M crimes de dano M? =IHMOG;G ;J?H;M =IG ; ?@?NCP; F?M[I >I <?G

DOL_>C=I NON?F;>I =IGI ?R?GJFI NIG?
M? HIP;G?HN? I BIGC=_>CI ;LN
>I -*
+IM crimes de perigo ;I =IHNLXLCI ;HN?=CJ;

M? ; NON?F; J?H;F H[I
M? ?RCA? ?@?NCPI >;HI J;L; MO; =IHMOG;\[I JI>?H>I L?@?LCL
M? Y ?RJIMC\[I ;
LCM=I >? ;J?H;M OG CH>CP_>OI IO >; =IF?NCPC>;>? ,M =LCG?M >? J?LCAI =IG
JILN;G MO<?MJ]=C?M ; M;<?L IM =LCG?M >? perigo concreto ? IM =LCG?M >?

perigo abstrato +IM =LCG?M >? J?LCAI =IH=L?NI ?RCA?
M? ; =IGJLIP;\[I >?
A?L;\[I >I LCM=I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I ; ?R?GJFI >I KO? I=ILL? =IG I >?FCNI =;
JCNOF;>I HIM ;LNM ?RJIMC\[I >? AXM NaRC=I IO ;M@CRC;HN? ? ;<OMI >?
L;>C;\[I ?HKO;HNI HIM >? J?LCAI ;<MNL;NI I LCM=I ] oJL?MOGC>I J?F; HILG;
KO? M? =IHN?HN; =IG ; JLXNC=; >I @;NI ? JL?MMOJd? M?L ?F? J?LCAIMIp[368]
; ?R?GJFI >I KO? M? >X =IG I >?FCNI >? ;<;H>IHI >? JIMNI JL?PCMNI HI ;LN
>I -*
IGI <?G ;F?LN;G $OMN;PI 'OHKO?CL; ? -;OFI #OFF?L o%X GOCNI M?
>CT >; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >I =LCG? >? J?LCAI ;<MNL;NI =IG ; ;F?A;\[I >?
MO; CH=IGJ;NC<CFC>;>? =IG ; HI\[I G;N?LC;F >? =LCG? JLaJLC; >? OG >CL?CNI
J?H;F >?GI=LXNC=I LAOG?HN;
M? ;MMCG KO? ; JL?MOH\[I >I J?LCAI CGJd? ;I
MOD?CNI ;FAI LOJNOL; >I N?=C>I MI=C;F KO? H[I @?T JL?MOG?
M? KO? @?T ?
;MMCG JOH?
M? ;F]G >I FCGCN? >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? LAOG?HN;
M? ;CH>; KO?
N;G;HB; ;HN?=CJ;\[I >; CHN?LP?H\[I J?H;F H[I M? =IGJ;NC<CFCT; =IG IM FCG
CN?M >; MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? ? @L;AG?HN;LC?>;>? <;M?M >? OG >CL?CNI J?H;F >?GI
=LXNC=I M?H>I JIMM_P?F ; L?AOF;\[I MO@C=C?HN? >? N;CM =IH>ON;M ?G M?;L;M >C
P?LM;M =IGI;=CPCF?;;>GCHCMNL;NCP;p[369]
KO?MN[I
,M ;ONIL?M ;>?G;CM =IFB?G H; >IONLCH; JIMM_P?CM MIFO\d?M J;L; ;
JLCG?CL; >?F;M M?LC; ; H?A;\[I ;<MIFON; >; =IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >?

N;CM =LCG?M M?H>I @IL\IM; ; o>?M=LCGCH;FCT;\[I >? NI>;M ;M =IH>ON;M JOHC>;M
; N_NOFI >? J?LCAI ;<MNL;NI JIL CH=IGJ;N_P?CM =IG OG !CL?CNI -?H;F !?GI
=LXNC=I ;HN?=CJ;\[I >; CHN?LP?H\[I J?F; >?MJLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? =IG ;

F?M[I MI=C;F =;OM;>; NILH; CF?A_NCG; ; ;J?H;\[I JIL A?L;L G;CIL PCIF^H=C;

KO? ; KO? <OM=; ?PCN;Lp[370] "MM; =IGJL??HM[I I<PC;G?HN? ?H>?L?\;>; ;I

F?ACMF;>IL M?H>I JILN;HNI ;@?N; Y JIF_NC=; =LCGCH;F H[I MIFP? HIMMI JLI<
F?G; JILKO;HNI >?P?GIM P?LC@C=;L =IGI M? JI>? =IHN?GJILCT;L ; KO?MN[I

HI ZG<CNI >; JLXRCM >IM IJ?L;>IL?M >I !CL?CNI -?H;F +?MM? M?HNC>I J;L; IM
;>?JNIM >?MM; PCM[I ; =IGJL??HM[I J?F; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? ? =IH
M?KO?HN?G?HN? J?F;;NCJC=C>;>?>I@;NI M?LC;=?LN;?CH;@;MNXP?F

,ONL; MIFO\[I NL;TC>; J?FIM ;ONIL?M >CT L?MJ?CNI ; OG; ;FN?L;\[I >?
=IGJL??HM[I ;=?L=; >; =LCGCH;FCT;\[I "HN?H>?H>I KO? =?LNIM <?HM JIL
G;CM ;<MNL;NIM KO? M?D;G =IGJILN;LC;G OG; ?@?NCP; F?M[I ? H[I Ma ;
;G?;\; MMCG NIG;H>I =IGI ?R?GJFI IM =LCG?M L?F;=CIH;>IM YM ;LG;M >?
@IAI NL;TC>IM J?F; )?C H >? >? >?T?G<LI >? I oJILN? >?
;LG; >?CR; >? M?L ?HN?H>C>I =IGI =LCG? >? J?LCAI ? J;MM; ; M?L PCMNI =IGI
=LCG? >? >;HI !;HI ; KO? <?G DOL_>C=I I <?G DOL_>C=I qH_P?F M;NCM@;NaLCI
>? M?AOL;H\; Je<FC=;r ; KO? NI>IM N?LC;G >CL?CNI CH=FOMCP? =IG JL?PCM[I
=IHMNCNO=CIH;F @;MN;>;M ;M =L_NC=;M ;IM =LCG?M >? J?LCAI ;<MNL;NI ? ?RJFC=;>;
; =IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >IM NCJIM JL?M?LP;
M? I ?M=IJI JL?P?HNCPI J?FI JLCMG;
@ILG;>I HIM N?LGIM =IGOHM ;I C>?XLCI >? OG !CL?CNI -?H;F GI>?LHI ?
>?GI=LXNC=Ip[371]
+; HIMM; =IGJL??HM[I ;M >O;M MIFO\d?M ;JL?M?HN;G LCM=IM

CH;@;MNXP?CM
&HC=C;H>I J?F; M?AOH>; P?LN?HN? ; =IH=?J\[I JIL OG <?G DOL_>C=I
C>?;F =;J;T >? M?L F?MCIH;>I >? @ILG; JF?H; ;CH>; KO? CG;N?LC;FG?HN? ]
JL?I=OJ;HN? ? =IH>OT ; OG J?LCAIMI L?NLI=?MMI JIMMC<CFCN;H>I >? @;NI ;
F?M[I ; JLCH=_JCIM FCGCN;>IL?M >; CHN?LP?H\[I J?H;F =IHKOCMN;>IM ; >OL;M
J?H;M HI "MN;>I !?GI=LXNC=I >? !CL?CNI "MM; PCM[I BX KO? M? L?MM;FN;L ;F
=;H\;LC; IM >?FCNIM =IHNC>IM HI =B;G;>I !CL?CNI -?H;F =FXMMC=I >? P?LN?HN?

?RNL?G;G?HN? L?JL?MMIL; KO? >?P? M?L =IHNC>I ?G HIG? >; <OM=; >I
?KOCF_<LCI>?@IL\;M
-IL IONLI @I=I ; G?L; >?M=LCGCH;FCT;\[I IO HI JF;HI JLXNC=I ;

=IH=FOM[I J?F; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >IM >?FCNIM >? J?LCAI ;<MNL;NI N;G<]G
H[I M;NCM@;T ?G N?GJIM ;NO;CM +I =B;G;>I !CL?CNI -?H;F >; MI=C?>;>? JaM

CH>OMNLC;F I L?=OLMI ; >?FCNIM >? J?LCAI CH=FOMCP? ;<MNL;NI ] OG @?HbG?HI

GOH>C;F =IGJIH>I ; =B;G;>; ?RJ;HM[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F /?>OT
M? ?G
@;=? >IM HIPIM >?M;@CIM N?=HIFaAC=IM ; NIF?LZH=C; ;IM LCM=IM >CGCHOCH>I I
OHCP?LMI >I KO? M? =IHMC>?L; LCM=I J?LGCNC>I ;HN?=CJ;H>I JILN;HNI ; NON?F;
J?H;F J;L; JL?P?HCL N;CM LCM=IM jM =IHM?KO^H=C;M >?MM? HIPI ?H@IKO? M? L?@
?L?GOCNI<?G0CFP;0XH=B?T
o1O>I CMMI ?PC>?H=C; KO? CH?A;P?FG?HN? ?MN;GIM >?MNCH;>IM ;

PCP?L ?G OG; MI=C?>;>? >? ?HILG? =IGJF?RC>;>? H; KO;F ; CHN?L;\[I CH>C
PC>O;F m J?F;M H?=?MMC>;>?M >? =IIJ?L;\[I ? >? >CPCM[I @OH=CIH;F m ;F=;H\IO

H_P?CM ;N] ;AIL; >?M=IHB?=C>IM 0?G ?G<;LAI ; JLI@OH>; =ILL?F;\[I >;M ?M
@?L;M >? ILA;HCT;\[I CH>CPC>O;F CH=L?G?HN; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? KO? ;FAOHM

>?MM?M =IHN;NIM MI=C;CM L?>OH>?G H; JLI>O\[I >? =IHM?KO^H=C;M F?MCP;M
!;>I KO? HI G;CM N;CM L?MOFN;>IM M? JLI>OT?G ?G GOCNIM =;MIM ; FIHAI
JL;TI ? >? NI>I GI>I ?G OG =IHN?RNI A?L;F >? CH=?LN?T; MI<L? ; L?F;\[I
=;OM;
?@?CNI IM >?FCNIM >? L?MOFN;>IF?M[I M? GIMNL;G =L?M=?HN?G?HN? CHM;N
CM@;NaLCIM =IGI N]=HC=; >? ;<IL>;A?G >I JLI<F?G; !;_ I L?=OLMI =;>; P?T
G;CM @L?KO?HN? ;IM NCJIM >? J?LCAI ;MMCG =IGI MO; =IH@CAOL;\[I =;>; P?T
G;CM;<MNL;N;IO@ILG;FCMN;?GN?GJIM>?J?LCAIJL?MOGC>Ip[372]
"G<IL; ; =IHMNLO\[I ;=CG; >CA; L?MJ?CNI ;IM =LCG?M >; JaM

GI>
?LHC>;>? ; ?R?GJFI >IM =LCG?M ;G<C?HN;CM cybercrimes ?N= CH?AXP?F KO? ;

N?GXNC=;;=?L=;>I=LCG?>?J?LCAI;<MNL;NI];NO;F?>?P?M?L?H@L?HN;>;
*;M M? ;M >O;M MIFO\d?M C>?;FCT;>;M M?G JL?DO_TI >; =IHMNLO\[I >?

IONL;M =IGI ; ?RCMN^H=C; >? OG !CL?CNI -?H;F >? >O;M P?FI=C>;>?M ;J
L?M?HN;G >?@?CNIM =IGI ?H@L?HN;L ; KO?MN[I ? ;AIL; G;CM ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN?

MI<I?H@IKO?>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
+[IBXL?MJIMN;I<D?NCP;;?MM;KO?MN[I
"G P?L>;>? MIGIM J;LNC>XLCIM >; C>?C; >? KO? IM =LCG?M >? J?LCAI
;<MNL;NI H[I JI>?G M?L ;@;MN;>IM JIL =IGJF?NI H[I Ma ?G @;=? >I !CL?CNI
-?H;F >; JaM
GI>?LHC>;>? G;M N;G<]G ?G ;FAOG;M =IH>ON;M NC>;M =IGI
=FXMMC=;M CH=FOMCP? >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L -IL IONL; PC; H[I HIM J;L?=?

=IHP?HC?HN? ; ?RJ;HM[I >?MG?>C>; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =FXMMC=I ; JIHNI >? NI>I
=LCG?MI@L?LOG;;HN?=CJ;\[I>?CHN?LP?H\[I>?MG?>C>;
MIFO\[I JILN;HNI >?P? @C=;L M?G JL?DO_TI >? HIP;M ?FO=O<L;\d?M

HI @ONOLI ; =;LAI >I CHN]LJL?N? >I ;JFC=;>IL >; HILG; J?H;F GCFCN;L KO?
>?P? @;T?L ; ;HXFCM? >I NCJI >? ;=IL>I =IG ; =IH>ON; HO=F?;L ? =IG I <?G
DOL_>C=I NON?F;>I N?H>I =IGI J;HI >? @OH>I OG L?MJ;F>I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F
MMCG JIL ?R?GJFI HIM =LCG?M =IHNL; ; >CM=CJFCH; ? ; ;ONILC>;>? GCFCN;L

P;FIL?M =IHM;AL;>IM =IHMNCNO=CIH;FG?HN? J?F; JL?PCM[I >? KO? ; >CM=CJFCH; ?
; BC?L;LKOC; M[I ;M <;M?M ILA;HCT;=CIH;CM >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M ;LN >;
# ? >;M -IF_=C;M ? ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M ;LN >; # ;FAOG;M
;G?;\;M >? F?M[I ; ?MM?M P;FIL?M ;CH>; KO? =IH@CAOL;>; ;<MNL;N;G?HN? >?
P?GM?L?PCN;>;MJ?F;CHN?LP?H\[IJ?H;F
,ONLI JIHNI CHN?L?MM;HN? HI ?MNO>I >I L?MOFN;>I >I =LCG? >CT L?
MJ?CNIYN?HN;NCP;
"G A?L;F BX OG =;GCHBI J?L=ILLC>I J?FI ;A?HN? J;L; =IHMOG;L I
=LCG? iter criminis @L;=CIH;>I ?G ?N;J;M ; M?L?G JL??H=BC>;M ; M;<?L ;

=IACN;\[I cogitatio IM ;NIM JL?J;L;NaLCIM conatus remotus ; ?R?=O\[I
conatus proximus?;=IHMOG;\[Imeta optata
1I>;PC; H?G M?GJL? ; =IHMOG;\[I ] ;F=;H\;>; M? N;F CGJ?L@?C\[I
I=ILL?LJILL;Td?M;FB?C;MYPIHN;>?>I;A?HN? N?L?GIM;N?HN;NCP;
3?D;GIMIM>CMJIMCNCPIM>I a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L;@?NIMY>CM=OMM[I
oLN !CT
M?I=LCG?
& m =IHMOG;>I KO;H>I H?F? M? L?eH?G NI>IM IM ?F?G?HNIM >? MO;

>?@CHC\[IF?A;F
&& m N?HN;>I KO;H>I CHC=C;>; ; ?R?=O\[I H[I M? =IHMOG; JIL =CL
=OHMNZH=C;M;FB?C;MYPIHN;>?>I;A?HN?
-;LXAL;@I eHC=I -OH?
M? ; N?HN;NCP; =IG ; J?H; =ILL?MJIH>?HN? ;I
=LCG? >CGCHO_>; >? OG ; >ICM N?L\IM JI>?H>I I DOCT HI =;MI >? ?R=?J=CIH;F
AL;PC>;>? ;JFC=;L;J?H;>I=LCG?=IHMOG;>Ip

3?LC@C=;
M? ;MMCG KO? IM ?F?G?HNIM >; N?HN;NCP; M[I I CH_=CI >; ?R
?=O\[I ; H[I =IHMOG;\[I ? ; CHN?L@?L^H=C; >? =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ;FB?C;M Y PIHN
;>?>I;A?HN?
, JLCG?CLI JLI<F?G; >?MM; @ILG; ?MNX ?G >?@CHCL I ?R;NI GI
G?HNI ?G KO? ; ?R?=O\[I M? CHC=C; -;L; ?RJFC=;L I CH_=CI >; ?R?=O\[I ?R
CMN?G NL^M =LCN]LCIM ; lgico-formal m I JLCH=_JCI >; ?R?=O\[I =ICH=C>? =IG
I CH_=CI >? OG; ;NCPC>;>? N_JC=; =?HNL;H>I

M? JILN;HNI H; ;NCPC>;>? CH?L
?HN? ;I P?LI NCJI < subjetivo m =IHMC>?L; I GIG?HNI CHN?LHI
>I ;ONIL H[I CGJILN;H>I ;P?LCAO;L M? I NCJI @IC J;L=C;FG?HN? L?;FCT;>I G;M
MCG M? BX MO<D?NCP;G?HN? ; PIHN;>? >? L?;FCT;\[I >I NCJI = misto m <OM=;
N?GJ?L;L;M>O;MJIMC\d?M;HN?LCIL?M
MM?HNCGIM H; JIMC\[I >? ;J?T KO? >CT M?L =ILL?N; ; ;>I\[I >I
=LCN]LCI lgico-formal ?G I<M?LPZH=C; ;I JLCH=_JCI >; F?A;FC>;>? KO? P?>; I
?HN?H>CG?HNI >? CH_=CI >? ?R?=O\[I M?H[I KO;H>I BIOP?L o;NI C>bH?I J;L; ;
=IHMOG;\[I>I>?FCNIp[373]
N?HN;NCP; JI>? M?L imperfeita BX CHN?LLOJ\[I >IM ;NIM ?R?=ONaLC
IM perfeita IO acabada I ;A?HN? JL;NC=; NI>IM IM ;NIM >? ?R?=O\[I >I
=LCG? G;M ; =IHMOG;\[I H[I M? ;F=;H\; JIL GINCPIM ;FB?CIM Y MO; PIHN;>?
branca IO incruenta ; P_NCG; H[I ] ;NCHAC>; H?G MI@L? @?LCG?HNIM ?
cruenta ; P_NCG; ] ;NCHAC>; B;P?H>I F?M[I "MM;M ?MJ]=C?M >?P?G M?L F?P;
>;M?G=IHMC>?L;\[IJ?FIDOCTHIGIG?HNI>?>IM;L;J?H;
J?H; >; N?HN;NCP; HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG I<?>?=? Y teoria objetiva IO realstica M?AOH>I ; KO;F ; L?>O\[I >; J?H; ] I<LCA;NaLC; OG; P?T
KO?M?JLI>OTCOG;FG?HILKO?I=LCG?=IHMOG;>I[374]
, a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L HI ?HN;HNI ;CH>; KO? N?HB; ;>IN;>I ; teoria objetiva =IGI L?AL; =IG L?>O\[I >? OG ; >ICM N?L\IM ?G L?F;\[I ;I =LCG?
=IHMOG;>I J?LGCN? ?G =;MIM ?RNL?GIM KO? M?D; ;NLC<O_>; ;I ;ONIL ; J?H;
>I=LCG?=IHMOG;>I-IL?R=?\[I JICM =IHM;ALIO; teoria subjetiva
>IONLCH; ?G<IL; ?HN?H>; M?L =ILL?NI >IM;L ; J?H; >; N?HN;NCP;
?G ?M=;F; G?HIL KO? ; >I =LCG? =IHMOG;>I L?=IHB?=? B;P?L ;KOC

L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F I<D?NCP; JICM I ;ONIL H[I ] L?MJIHM;<CFCT;>I >?

;=IL>I =IG MO; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? G;M I<D?NCP;G?HN? ?G L;T[I >; ?RN?HM[I
G?HIL>;F?M[I;I<?GDOL_>C=INON?F;>I
"G OG; PCM[I GCHCG;FCMN; NI>;PC; CHPCXP?F ] ; JOHC\[I >; N?HN
;NCP; =IG ; G?MG; J?H; >I =LCG? =IHMOG;>I J;L?=?H>I M?L ?MM; ; NbHC=;
?GJL?A;>; J?F;M 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M JICM N;F JIMMC<CFC>;>? I<M?LP; 'ILA?

]M;L >? MMCM o>? =OHBI >L;=IHC;HI H[I P?G M?H>I ;JFC=;>; GI>?LH;
G?HN? ?MN;H>I>?LLIA;>;J?FI desuetudop[375]
*;FAL;>I ; L?=IG?H>;>; PCM[I >? 'ILA? ]M;L >? MMCM ] JIMM_P?F

?H=IHNL;L DOFA;>I KO? H[I ;@;MN; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ; N?HN;NCP; MI@L?L J?H;
C>^HNC=; Y >I =LCG? =IHMOG;>I V I =;MI >I =aL>[I JLI@?LC>I J?F; -LCG?CL;
1OLG; >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F HI Habeas Corpus H /' DOF
A;>I?G >?IONO<LI>? MI<;L?F;NILC;>I*CHCMNLI ;LFIMLCNNI
oHABEAS CORPUS !&/"&1, -"+) *&)&1/ %,*& v!&,

1"+1!, -)& Uk, ! -"+ -/"3&01 -/ , %,*& v!&,
,+02*!, -/u$/#, y+& , !, /1 !, w!&$, -"+)
*&)&1/ "5 "- &,+)&!!" +k, !"*,+01/! ,/!"* ,+ "
!&! -/ &)*"+1" +I G;CM @ILN? L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >I JIMNOF;>I >;

JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? ?HNL? I N;G;HBI >; J?H; ? ; AL;PC>;>? >I =LCG? I a>CAI
-?H;F ?MN;<?F?=? KO? ; L?JLCG?H>; J;L; IM =LCG?M N?HN;>IM ] G?HIL >I KO? ;
=IGCH;>; J;L; IM >?FCNIM =IHMOG;>IM +?MM? LOGI >? C>?C;M ; >IONLCH; ]
@CLG? HI M?HNC>I >? KO? ; >?@CHC\[I >I J?L=?HNO;F >; L?>O\[I >; J?H; F?P;LX
?G =IHN; I iter criminis J?L=ILLC>I J?FI ;A?HN? "G KO? J?M? ; CGJILNZH
=C; J;L; ; DOLCM>C\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >; >CM=OMM[I KO;HNI ;IM FCGCN?M >; CHN?L
P?H\[I J?H;F ; =;OM; ] >? M?L L?MIFPC>; MIIM ;ONIM ?PC>?H=C; ; CH;>?KO;\[I >I OMI >; J;LN? @CH;F >I
J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN >I -* &MMI JILKO? ;I =IHNLXLCI >I ;@CLG;>I
J?F; >?HeH=C; OG; ?P?HNO;F CH=;J;=CN;\[I >; P_NCG; J;L; I NL;<;FBI H[I
P?CI ; I=ILL?L P_NCG; L?=OJ?LIO
M? >; AL;PC>;>? >; ;AL?MM[I @_MC=; MI@LC>;
=IHNCHO;H>I CH=FOMCP? ; ?R?L=?L ;M MO;M ;NCPC>;>?M J;L; ;M KO;CM =IHNCHO;
JF?H;G?HN? =;J;T ,L>?G >? habeas corpus J;L=C;FG?HN? =IH=?>C>; J;L;
=;MM;L ; >?=CM[I JLI@?LC>; J?FI 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L ? >?N?LGCH;L KO?

OG HIPI ;=aL>[I M?D; JLI@?LC>I I<M?LP;H>I

M? H; @CR;\[I >; J?H; ; ;J
FC=;\[I>;>CGCHOC\[IJL?PCMN;J;L;;GI>;FC>;>?N?HN;>;>?BIGC=_>CIp
+IN?
M? KO? J?F; ?G?HN; NL;HM=LCN; I P =aL>[I H[I H?AIO ; ;J
FC=;\[I >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN >I -* G;M ;J?H;M I ?HN?H>?O oCH;>
?KO;>IpHI=;MI=IH=L?NI
-L?@?LCGIM =IGI>?PC>I;=;NI ;PCM[I>?'ILA? ]M;L>?MMCM
!?P?
M? ;>?G;CM F?G<L;L KO? ; N?HN;NCP; ] CHPCXP?F ?G ;FAOG;M ?M
J]=C?M >? >?FCNIM =IGI IM =LCG?M OHCMMO<MCMN?HN?M IO M?D; KO? M? ;J?L
@?C\I;G =IG OG eHC=I ;NI H[I J?LGCNCH>I I @L;=CIH;G?HNI >I GIG?HNI ?R
?=ONCPI ; ?R?GJFI >I =LCG? >? J?H?NL;\[I =IG I @CG >? ?MJCIH;A?G ;LN
>I -* ,M =LCG?M IGCMMCPIM JLaJLCIM ; ?R?GJFI >I =LCG? >? IGCMM[I
>? ?@C=C^H=C; >; @IL\; ;LN >I -* N;G<]G H[I ;>GCN?G N?HN;NCP; ,M
=LCG?M =OFJIMIM m ; ?R=?\[I >; =OFJ; CGJLaJLC; ? ; >CM=ON_P?F KO?MN[I >I
=LCG? >I ;LN >I -* KO? ;J?M;L >? JL?P?L @ILG; =OFJIM; =IHMCMN? ?G
=LCG? >? >;HI m >; G?MG; @ILG; H[I ;>GCN?G N?HN;NCP; =IGI HI =;MI >I
=LCG? >? F?M[I =ILJIL;F =OFJIM; ;LN >I -* 1;G<]G H[I ;>GCN?G
N?HN;NCP; IM =LCG?M >? ;N?HN;>I IO >? =IHMOG;\[I ;HN?=CJ;>; =IGJL??H
>C>IM =IGI o;KO?F?M KO? ; F?C NCJC@C=; =IGI J?L@?CNIM ;CH>; KO? H[I =B?AO?G
; I@?H>?L I <?G I<D?NI >? NON?F; +[I ;>GCN?G ; @ILG; N?HN;>; JILKO?
H?F?M ; =IHMOG;\[I M? @;T =IG ;KO?F? G_HCGI H?=?MMXLCI J;L; CHN?AL;L ;
N?HN;NCP;p[376] IGI ?R?GJFI NIG?
M? I =LCG? >? ?RJFIM[I ;LN >I
-* KO? JIMMOC =IGI =IH>ON; HO=F?;L I P?L?H=C;H>I KO? ; @ILG; N?HN;>; ?G
P?L>;>? M? =IHMC>?L; OG; BCJaN?M? =IHMOG;>; #CH;FG?HN? IM =LCG?M JL?
N?L>IFIMIM ; ?R?GJFI >; >CMJIMC\[I >I ;LN >I -* H[I ;>GCN?G
N?HN;NCP;
+I =IHN?RNI ?G ?MNO>I ;CH>; M[I @CAOL;M CGJILN;HN?M >? M?L?G
?MGCO\;>;M ; >?MCMN^H=C; PIFOHNXLC; I ;LL?J?H>CG?HNI ?@C=;T I ;LL?J?H>C
G?HNIJIMN?LCIL?I=LCG?CGJIMM_P?F
>?MCMN^H=C; PIFOHNXLC; ? I ;LL?J?H>CG?HNI ?@C=;T ?MN[I JL?PCMNIM
HI ;LN >I
-* =IG CAO;F =IH=?J\[I >I ;LN >I
- =IGOG MMCG

>CMJd? I =CN;>I >CMJIMCNCPI J?H;F GCFCN;L o, ;A?HN? KO? PIFOHN;LC;G?HN?

>?MCMN? >? JLIMM?AOCL H; ?R?=O\[I IO CGJ?>? KO? I L?MOFN;>I M? JLI>OT; Ma
L?MJIH>?J?FIM;NIMDXJL;NC=;>IMp
0[I CHMNCNONIM >CP?LMIM >; N?HN;NCP; DX KO? H?MN; ; CHN?LLOJ\[I >I
iter criminis CGJ?>CH>I ; =IHMOG;\[I M? >X JIL GINCPIM ;FB?CIM Y PIHN;>?
>I ;A?HN? ?HKO;HNI HIM CHMNCNONIM ?G @I=I I ;A?HN? PIFOHN;LC;G?HN? <OM=;
CGJ?>CLI=OLMIHI=;GCHBI>;=IHMOG;\[I
"G<IL; JL?PCMNIM HI G?MGI >CMJIMCNCPI J?H;F GCFCN;L ; >?MCMN^H=C;

PIFOHNXLC; ? I ;LL?J?H>CG?HNI ?@C=;T N;G<]G =IHB?=C>IM =IGI tentativa
abandonada IO qualificada H[I M? =IH@OH>?G M?H>I =IHP?HC?HN? H; >CM
NCH\[INL;T?L;MFC\d?M>?H>L]"MN?@;G
o!?MCMN^H=C; ? ;LL?J?H>CG?HNI M[I @CAOL;M >CMNCHN;M >?MCMN^H=C;

JL?MMOJd? N?HB; I ;A?HN? G?CIM J;L; JLIMM?AOCL H; ?R?=O\[I IO M?D; ?F?
;CH>; H[I ?MAINIO I iter criminis JIMNI Y MO; >CMJIMC\[I ?R MO; ;LG; JIM
MOC IONLIM JLID]N?CM G;M ?F? >?MCMN? >? >CMJ;LX

FIM +I ;LL?J?H>CG?HNI
MO<?HN?H>?
M? KO? I MOD?CNI DX N?HB; ?MAIN;>I NI>IM IM G?CIM >CMJIH_P?CM ?
KO? ;JaM N?LGCH;L NI>IM IM ;NIM ?R?=ONaLCIM G;M M?G =IHMOG;L I @;NI
JL;NC=; ;FAOG; =IH>ON; positiva N?H>?HN? ; ?PCN;L ; =IHMOG;\[I ?R I
MOD?CNI >?M=;LL?AIO ; MO; ;LG; ? >C;HN? >; P_NCG; ;AIHCT;H>I ;LL?J?H>?
M?
?;MI=ILL?p[377]
!?MM; @ILG; P?LC@C=;>; ; PIFOHN;LC?>;>? ? ; ?@C=C^H=C; >; ;NO;\[I
>I ;A?HN? N?L?GIM OG; =;OM; KO? CGJ?>CLX ; ;>?KO;\[I N_JC=; G?MGI >;
N?HN;NCP; L?MJIH>?H>I I ;A?HN? JIL CH@L;\[I J?H;F ;J?H;M KO? MO<MOG; IM
;NIM KO? JL;NC=IO ;MI OG GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I JIL ?R?GJFI >? M?LPC\I
ONCFCT?
M? >? OG; ;LG; KO? JILN; CF?A;FG?HN? OG; ;LG; @OLN;>; ? A ?
=IG ?MM; ;LG; >?M@CL; >ICM NCLIM ?G OG; J?MMI; ?LL;H>I M?O ;FPI =;MI >?
MCMN; >? MO; ?GJL?CN;>; G?MGI JIMMOCH>I IONL;M GOHC\d?M CHN;=N;M =;J;T?M
>? M?L?G ;=CIH;>;M =IHNL; ; P_NCG; H[I L?MJIH>?LX J?FI BIGC=_>CI N?HN;>I
G;M ;J?H;M J?FI =LCG? >? JILN? CF?A;F >? ;LG; HIM N?LGIM >; )?C H
>?>?>?T?G<LI>?

+I ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG N?G

M? ; @CAOL; >I ;LL?J?H>C
G?HNI JIMN?LCIL =IG ; M?AOCHN? L?>;\[I o+IM =LCG?M =IG?NC>IM M?G PCIF^H
=C; IO AL;P? ;G?;\; Y J?MMI; L?J;L;>I I >;HI IO L?MNCNO_>; ; =ICM; ;N] I L?
=?<CG?HNI >; >?HeH=C; IO >; KO?CR; JIL ;NI PIFOHNXLCI >I ;A?HN? ; J?H;
M?LXL?>OTC>;>?OG;>ICMN?L\IMp
,<PC;G?HN? NL;N;
M? >? OG ;LL?J?H>CG?HNI KO? H[I M? NILHIO
?@C=;T IO >I =IHNLXLCI N?L_;GIM ; @CAOL; >I ;LL?J?H>CG?HNI ?@C=;T ;=CG;

?MNO>;>I , ;LL?J?H>CG?HNI JIMN?LCIL HI -* H[I JIMMOC OG >CMJIMCNCPI ?M
J?=_@C=I H; -;LN? $?L;F ; ?R?GJFI >I KO? @;T I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ?G M?O
;LN G;M CH?KOCPI=;G?HN? ] JIMM_P?F MO; ;P;FC;\[I M?D; H;M =CL=OHMNZH
=C;M DO>C=C;CM H; JLCG?CL; @;M? >; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; >?@CHCH>I ; J?H;
<;M?
M?D; ;FN?LH;NCP;G?HN? H; M?AOH>; @;M? J?F; CH=C>^H=C; >;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M

;N?HO;HN?M PCMNI KO? ; ;F_H?; b >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN >CMJd? KO? KO?G
=IG?N? I >?FCNI ? JLI=OL; JIL MO; ?MJIHNZH?; PIHN;>? ? =IG ?@C=C^H=C; m M?G
M?L I<PC;G?HN? ?@C=C?HN? JICM M?H[I B;P?LC; ;LL?J?H>CG?HNI ?@C=;T m FIAI
;JaM I =LCG? ?PCN;L
FB? IO GCHIL;L
FB? ;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M IO N?HB; ;HN?M >I
DOFA;G?HNI L?J;L;>I I >;HI M?LX <?H?@C=C;>I JIL OG; =CL=OHMNZH=C; ;N?HO
;HN? +I a>CAI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? N;G<]G BX >CMJIMC\[I ?MJ?=C;F ;=?L=; >I

;LL?J?H>CG?HNI JIMN?LCIL =IGI I=ILL? HI J?=OF;NI =OFJIMI ;LN g I
>I -* ?G KO? I ;LL?J?H>CG?HNI JIMN?LCIL =;L;=N?LCT;>I J?F; L?J;L;\[I
>I >;HI JI>? @OH=CIH;L =IGI =;OM; >? ?RNCH\[I >; JOHC<CFC>;>? M? JL?=?>?L
; M?HN?H\; CLL?=ILL_P?F IO =;OM; ?MJ?=C;F >? >CGCHOC\[I >; J?H; J?F; G?N;>?
M?JIMN?LCIL;?F;
-IL @CG >CM=ON;GIM I =LCG? CGJIMM_P?F N;G<]G =IHB?=C>I =IGI
tentativa inidnea quase crime IO tentativa inadequada
, ;LN >I -* ; ?R?GJFI >I ;LN >I - >CMJd? o.O;H>I JIL
CH?@C=X=C; ;<MIFON; >I G?CI ?GJL?A;>I IO JIL ;<MIFON; CGJLIJLC?>;>? >I

I<D?NI ]CGJIMM_P?F=IHMOG;L
M?I=LCG? H?HBOG;J?H;];JFC=XP?Fp
#;=CFG?HN? M? P?LC@C=;G >O;M JIMMC<CFC>;>?M >? I=ILL^H=C; >? =LCG?

CGJIMM_P?F JIL CH?@C=X=C; ;<MIFON; >I G?CI ?GJL?A;>I ?R N?HN;L G;N;L ;F
AO]G =IG ;LG; >? <LCHKO?>I IO JIL ;<MIFON; CGJLIJLC?>;>? >I I<D?NI

?R ;NCL;L =IHNL; OG =;>XP?L J?HM;H>I KO? ;KO?F; J?MMI; ;CH>; ?MNX PCP;
+IN?
M? KO? ] JL?=CMI KO? ; CH?@C=X=C; >I G?CI IO CGJLIJLC?>;>? >I I<D?NI
M?D;G ;<MIFON;M JICM M? L?F;NCP;M B;P?LX =LCG? N?HN;>I ?R ;=CIH;L OG;
;LG; >? @IAI M?G KO? B;D; ; >?@F;AL;\[I >;M GOHC\d?M IO N?HN;L @OLN;L ;F
AO]G KO? H[I JIMMO; P;FIL?M HI <IFMI >?P?H>I

M? =IGJL??H>?L L?F;NCP;M
;KO?F;M G?L;G?HN? I=;MCIH;CM IO =CL=OHMN;H=C;CM ? ;<MIFON;M ;M =IHMN;HN?M
J?LG;H?HN?M[378]
1;G<]G =IHMNCNOC =;OM; >? ;NCJC=C>;>? >; =IH>ON; ;>IN;H>I I

-* ; teoria objetiva temperada ?G P?T >? OG; teoria simtomtica I
;A?HN? H?MN? =;MI >?P? L?=?<?L ; ;JFC=;\[I >? G?>C>; >? M?AOL;H\; JIL MO;
J?LC=OFIMC>;>? ? >? OG; teoria subjetiva ?G L;T[I >? I ;A?HN? N?L >?GIH
MNL;>I ; CHN?H\[I >? JL;NC=;L I >?FCNI >?P?LX L?MJIH>?L =IGI HI =LCG?

N?HN;>I
-?F; teoria objetiva ?HMCH;

HIM H>L] "MN?@;G ?HN?H>?
M? KO?
o=IGI H[I BIOP? LCM=I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I I ;A?HN? H[I ] JOHC>I 0O<>CPC>?
M?
?G objetiva pura ; KO;F ;JFC=; IM JLCH=_JCIM >I =LCG? CGJIMM_P?F ; KO;FKO?L
BCJaN?M? >? CH?@C=X=C; >I G?CI IO CHC>IH?C>;>? >I I<D?NI G;N?LC;F M?D; L?
F;NCP; M?D; ;<MIFON; ? objetiva temperada KO? MIG?HN? ;F=;H\; ;M

BCJaN?M?M>?CH?@C=X=C;?CHC>IH?C>;>?;<MIFON;Mp[379]
.O?MN[I CHN?L?MM;HN? ?MNX HI GI>I >? ?R?=O\[I >; JLCM[I ?G @F;A
L;HN?>?FCNIF?P;H>I;OG=LCG?CGJIMM_P?F
IMNOG?CL;G?HN? N?G
M? >?@?H>C>I KO? OG @F;AL;HN? JL?J;L;>I
=IH>OT CH?RIL;P?FG?HN? ; OG =LCG? CGJIMM_P?F F?P;H>I ?G =IHM?KO^H=C; Y
CH?RCMN^H=C;>?;K>?KO;\[IN_JC=;
"G<IL; JIF^GC=; ; G;N]LC; >?P?
M? N?L ?G @I=I KO? ; =IHMN;N;\[I
>? OG =LCG? CGJIMM_P?F ?G L;T[I >? OG @F;AL;HN? JL?J;L;>I H[I ?MNX
MIG?HN? H; ;NO;\[I >I ;A?HN? JLIPI=;>IL H; PIHN;>? >I ;ONIL >I @;NI =IH
@CAOL;>IL >? CH@L;\[I J?H;F G;M JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? H; JIMMC<CFC>;>? IO H[I >?

=IHMOG;\[I>I>?FCNI

+I JF;HI >IONLCHXLCI ] JIMM_P?F ?H=IHNL;L PCMd?M KO? =IH=?HNL;G ;

;HXFCM? H; ;NO;\[I >; PIHN;>? >I JL?MI "G JLCG?CLI ;JILN? $OCFB?LG?
+O==C ;>OT MI<L? I @F;AL;HN? JL?J;L;>I o1L;N;
M? >? OG ;LL?G?>I >? @F;A
L;HN? I=ILL?H>I KO;H>I OG ;A?HN? JLIPI=;>IL CH>OT IO CHMNCA; ;FAO]G ;

=IG?N?L OG; CH@L;\[I J?H;F MIG?HN? J;L; ;MMCG JI>?L JL?H>^
FI 1L;N;
M?
>? =LCG? CGJIMM_P?F ;LN - JICM CHPCXP?F ; MO; =IHMOG;\[I I G?MGI
N?GJI ?G KO? I JLIPI=;>IL F?P; I JLIPI=;>I ;I =IG?NCG?HNI >I >?FCNI ;A?
?G M?HNC>I IJIMNI J;L; ?PCN;L I L?MOFN;>I "MN;H>I NIN;FG?HN? H; G[I >I
JLIPI=;>IL H[IBXPC;<CFC>;>?J;L;;=IHMNCNOC\[I>I=LCG?p[380]
1;G<]G H?MM? M?HNC>I J;L?=? ?HN?H>?L 1IOLCHBI #CFBI o!CT

M?
KO? BX @F;AL;HN? JL?J;L;>I KO;H>I M[I NIG;>;M JLIPC>^H=C;M J;L; KO? ;
J?MMI; KO? P;C JL;NC=;L ; CH@L;\[I H[I J?L=?<; KO? ?MNX M?H>I PCAC;>; !;_ ;
0eGOF; >I 01# q+[I BX =LCG? KO;H>I ; JL?J;L;\[I J?F; JIF_=C; NILH;
CGJIMM_P?F MO; =IHMOG;\[Ir #;F;
M? ?G >?FCNI JON;NCPI JIL I<L; >I
;A?HN?JLIPI=;>IL,>?FCNIH[IM;CO>;PIHN;>?>I;A?HN?p[381]
IGI M? J?L=?<? IM >ICM ;ONIL?M ;=CG; JIMMO?G =IGI PCM[I
=IGOG ; ;NO;\[I >I ;A?HN? JLIPI=;>IL MI<L? I JLIPI=;>I J?F; CH>O\[I IO

CHMNCA;\[I ;ACH>IMI<L?;PIHN;>?>CL?N;>I;A?HN?JLIPI=;>I
"HNL?N;HNI OFNL;J;MM;H>I ; KO?MN[I >? ;NO;\[I H; PIHN;>? >I
;A?HN? BX IONL; PCM[I >IONLCHXLC; KO? JL?@?L? =?HNL;L ; ;HXFCM? H; JIMMC<CFC>
;>? IO H[I >? =IHMOG;\[I >I >?FCNI "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M J;L; ?MM?M
>IONLCH;>IL?M m G;CM =ILL?NIM ?G HIMM; PCM[I m ; JL?J;L;\[I >I @F;AL;HN?
?MN;LC; H[I H; ;NO;\[I MI<L? ; PIHN;>? >I JLIPI=;>I G;M H; JIMMC<CFC>;>?
L?;F >? =IHMOG;\[I >I >?FCNI +[I M?H>I JIMM_P?F ; =IHMOG;\[I I =LCG?
M?LC;CGJIMM_P?F
+?MM? M?HNC>I >? @ILG; GOCNI =F;L; M? JIMC=CIH; I M;O>IMI *CL;
<?N? o >CMNCH\[I J;L; HaM H[I =ILL?MJIH>? ?R;N;G?HN? ;I ?HOH=C;>I >;

MeGOF; KO? H[I >CMNCHAO? ?HNL? @F;AL;HN? JLIPI=;>I ? @F;AL;HN? ?MJ?L;>I DX
KO? M? L?@?L? ; @F;AL;HN? JL?J;L;>I IO M?D; KO;H>I ; JIF_=C; M? ;LG; >?
G?CIM J;L; ?@?NO;L ; JLCM[I KO? JI>? I=ILL?L JILKO? BIOP? CH>OTCG?HNI Y
JLXNC=; >? CH@L;\[I J?H;F =LCG? JLIPI=;>I KO?L JILKO? JIL >CFCA^H=C;M

PCACFZH=C; CH@ILG;\d?M ?N= M;<? KO? I ;A?HN? P;C JL;NC=;L I CF_=CNI =LCG? ?M
J?L;>I O que decisivo, como se pode observar da redao do enunciado

do STF, que as providncias tornem impossvel a consumao do crime
+?MM; BCJaN?M? BX OG =;MI >? =LCG? CGJIMM_P?F ? H[I =LCG? JON;NCPI KO?L
JIL M?L CH?RCMN?HN? IO CGJLaJLCI I I<D?NI G;N?LC;F KO? ; J?LGCNCLC; ;LN
>I - +CHAO]G H?A;LX JIL ?R?GJFI KO? CH>OTC>I JIL ;FAO]G I ;A?HN?
JI>? <OLF;L I ?MKO?G; GIHN;>I J?F; -IF_=C; J;L; ?@?NO;L ; JLCM[I =IH
M?AOCH>I ; =IHMOG;\[I >I CF_=CNI >?M@?=B;H>I NCLIM H; P_NCG; MO<NL;CH>I ;

=ICM; ?N= Ainda que provocado o flagrante, no se tornou impossvel a
consumao do crime, possibilitando-se a priso Assim, no importa
se se cuida de flagrante provocado ou flagrante esperado; permite-se a
priso se em qualquer das hipteses houvesse possibilidade de consumao
=;MI=IHNLXLCI;JLCM[IH[IJI>?M?L?@?NO;>;p[382]AH
JLIJaMCNI J?L=?<?
M? HCNC>;G?HN? KO? I ;ONIL >CMNCHAO? I =LCG?
CGJIMM_P?F >I =LCG? JON;NCPI +I =LCG? JON;NCPI IO =LCG? CG;ACHXLCI I
;A?HN? MOJd? JIL ?LLI KO? ?MNX ?G JLXNC=; >? OG >?FCNI JIL]G MO; =IH>ON;
=IHMNCNOC
M? ?G @;NI ;N_JC=I o"RCMN? =IGI M? >CT H; >IONLCH; OG ?LLI >?
>CL?CNI YM ;P?MM;M ?G KO? I ;A?HN? MOJd? KO? M?O @;NI ] =LCGCHIMI KO;H>I
H; L?;FC>;>? H[I I ]p[383] -?L=?<;
M? KO? H?MM? =;MI H;>; BX >? JLIRCGC>
;>? =IG ; CH?@C=X=C; >I G?CI IO ; CGJLIJLC?>;>? >I I<D?NI =IGI ?RCAC>I HI
=LCG?CGJIMM_P?F
c) Relao de causalidade
.O?MN[I GOCNI L?F?P;HN? J;L; I NCJI >? CHDOMNI =IH=?HNL;>I HI @;NI

N_JC=I >CT L?MJ?CNI Y ;NLC<OC\[I >I L?MOFN;>I ;I M?O ;ONIL 0OLA? JICM I
?MNO>I>;L?F;\[I>?=;OM;FC>;>? IOMCGJF?MG?HN?;=;OM;\[I>IL?MOFN;>I
'X M;<?GIM KO? ; N?ILC; @CH;FCMN; >; ;\[I H[I H?AIO ; =;OM;FC>;>?
G;M ;=L?M=?O ; ?F; I ?F?G?HNI @CH;F_MNC=I "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M ; G?L;
=;OM;\[I M?G ;\[I @CH;F H[I ] L?F?P;HN? J?H;FG?HN? JIL]G JIL IONLI F;>I
; MCGJF?M =IH>ON; GOHC>; >? CHN?H\[I @CH;F M?G KO? M? >?GIHMNL? N?L MC>I
?F;;=;OM;>IL;>IL?MOFN;>I N;G<]GH[I;JLIP?CN;;I!CL?CNI-?H;F

+IN?
M? KO? ; ;P?LCAO;\[I >I FC;G? =;OM;F HIM =LCG?M =IGCMMCPIM
MIG?HN? JI>? I=ILL?L HIM =LCG?M G;N?LC;CM IO M?D; IM KO? L?KO?CL;G J;L;
MO; =IHMOG;\[I I L?MOFN;>I H;NOL;F_MNC=I @;MN;
M? JILN;HNI ; ;P?LCAO;\[I
>; L?F;\[I >? =;OM;FC>;>? ?G >?FCNIM >? G?L; =IH>ON; IO >? ;NCPC>;>? ? ?G
>?FCNIM @ILG;CM L?MJ?=NCP;G?HN? J?F; CGJIMMC<CFC>;>? ? CLL?F?PZH=C; >?
CHP?MNCA;\[I
>IAGXNC=; <OM=IO I ?MNO>I >?NC>I >; L?F;\[I >? =;OM;FC>;>?
=B?A;H>I ; ;FAOG;M N?ILC;M J;L; I ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI >? N;F FC;G? ;M KO;CM
J;MM;L?GIM;P?LC@C=;L
Teoria da equivalncia dos antecedentes (teoria da conditio sine qua non)

#ILGOF;>; CHC=C;FG?HN? J?FI ;OMNL_;=I 'OFCOM $F;M?L ? CHNLI>OTC>;
H; DOLCMJLO>^H=C; JIL 3IH OLC ] ; N?ILC; F?A;FG?HN? ;>IN;>; J?FI a>CAI
-?H;F *CFCN;L ? J?FI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG =IHMCMNCH>I H; JL?GCMM; >? KO?
oNI>;M ;M =IH>C\d?M >?N?LGCH;HN?M >? OG L?MOFN;>I M[I H?=?MMXLC;M ? JIL
CMMI ?KOCP;F?HN?Mp[384] N]=HC=; J;L; P?LC@C=;L OG; =IH>C\[I >?N?LGCH
;HN?=IHMCMN?H;?FCGCH;\[IIO?R=FOM[IBCJIN]NC=;
?FCGCH;\[I BCJIN]NC=; CAO;FG?HN? @LONI >; @ILGOF;\[I >? 'OFCOM

$F;M?L ? H[I >? 1BSL]H[385] NL;>OT
M? J?FI L?NLI=?MMI G?HN;F >IM @;NIM
;HN?=?>?HN?M ;I L?MOFN;>I @CH;F C>?HNC@C=;H>I
IM ? ?FCGCH;H>I
IM BCJIN?N
C=;G?HN? ? ?G M?AOC>; J?LKOCLCH>I M? I L?MOFN;>I ?R=FO_>I ;KO?F? J;MMI

M?JLI>OTCLC;N;FKO;FM?JLI>OTCO
JL?M?HN? N?ILC; MI@L?O >OL;M =L_NC=;M H[I Ma ?G L?F;\[I Y H[I M;N
CM@;\[I >? OG; M]LC? >? JLI<F?G;M M?H[I N;G<]G JIL M?O ?R=?MMI CHKO?M
NCIHXP?F JILKO;HNI I L?NLI=?MMI =IG ?R=FOM[I BCJIN]NC=; F?P;LC; ;I regressus ad infinitum @;T?H>I =IG KO? ; JLaJLC; =IH=?J\[I >I MOD?CNI ;NCPI M?
NILH;MM?=;OM;>I=LCG?J?LJ?NL;>I
-;L; MIFO=CIH;L ?MM; M?P?L; ? J?LMJC=;T =L_NC=; OG M?NIL >; >IAGXN
C=; ;MM?HNCO HI @;NI >? I ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI >; =IH>ON; M?L I >;>I FCGCN;>IL
M?>CG?HN;H>I
M? KO? oJ;L; ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? =LCGCH;F >I ;A?HN? H[I M?

?RCA? MIG?HN? ; =;OM;FC>;>? I<D?NCP; imputatio facti G;M N;G<]G ; =;OM
;FC>;>?MO<D?NCP;imputatio iurisp[386]
"R?GJFC@C=;NCP;G?HN? IM J;CM >? OG BIGC=C>; H[I ?HNL;G H; FCHB;

>? ;NLC<OC\[I >I L?MOFN;>I ?G L;T[I >? MO; =IH>ON; ; =IHDOH\[I =;LH;F KO?
L?MOFNIO H; =IH=?J\[I H[I M?L ?CP;>; >? >CL?=CIH;G?HNI @CH;F , ?R?GJFI
?HOH=C;>I J;L?=? a<PCI ; KO?MN[I JIL]G JI>? ;AL?A;L @;NIM =IH@OMIM MCNO
;>IM HI FCGCN? ?HNL? ;NLC<OC\[I ? H[I ;NLC<OC\[I >I L?MOFN;>I =IGI I DX G?H
=CIH;>I =;MI >I =IG?L=C;HN? KO? F?A;FG?HN? P?H>? OG JOHB;F ;I

BIGC=C>; +IN?
M? KO? M?G MIG<L; >? >ePC>; MO; o;\[Ip =IHMNCNOC =IH>C\[I
=;OM;>IL; >I =LCG? >?MJC>; =IHNO>I >? ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI H[I JI>? M?L
=IHMC>?L;>;o;\[IpJ;L;@CHMJ?H;CM
MIFO\[I =IG causalidade subjetiva NI>;PC; ?H=IHNL; ;FAOG; L?M
CMN^H=C; H[I JIL >?CR;L >? MIFO=CIH;L KO?MNd?M ;JL?M?HN;>;M G;M JLCH=CJ;F
G?HN? JIL MCAHC@C=;L JLI=?MMI ;H;F_NC=I >CP?LMI >I >?M?H=;>?;>I J;L; ; >?
N?LGCH;\[I >I H?RI =;OM;F +?MM? M?HNC>I ;I ;H;FCM;L OG >? M?OM ?M=F;L?=?
>IL?M ?R?GJFIM 'O;L?T 1;P;L?M ;>OT KO? ; KO?MN[I >? >?N?LGCH;>I CH>CP_
>OI N?L ;AC>I o=IG >IFI IO =IG =OFJ; H[I ] KO?MN[I >? =;OM;FC>;>? G;M >?
IONLIM?NIL>INCJIp[387]
IGI DX G?H=CIH;GIM ; N?ILC; >; ?KOCP;F^H=C; =IG ; H?=?MMXLC;

?FCGCH;\[I BCJIN]NC=; @IC ; ;>IN;>; ; ?R?GJFI >I
a>CAI -?H;F
=IGOG[388] HI a>CAI ;MNL?HM? HIN;>;G?HN? ?G M?O ;LN KO? ;MMCG
>CMJd?
oLN , L?MOFN;>I >? KO? >?J?H>? ; ?RCMN^H=C; >I =LCG? MIG?HN?

] CGJONXP?F ; KO?G FB? >?O =;OM; IHMC>?L;
M? =;OM; ; ;\[I IO IGCMM[I
M?G;KO;FIL?MOFN;>IH[IN?LC;I=ILLC>I
g I MOJ?LP?HC^H=C; >? =;OM; L?F;NCP;G?HN? CH>?J?H>?HN? ?R=FOC

; CGJON;\[I KO;H>I JIL MC Ma JLI>OTCO I L?MOFN;>I ,M @;NIM ;HN?LCIL?M
CGJON;G
M? ?HNL?N;HNI ;KO?GIMJL;NC=IOp
OGJL? HIN;L KO? ;I M? ?MN;<?F?=?L OG =LCN]LCI F?A;F causalidade
normativa CGJd?
M? ; teoria da condio =IGI ; C>?;F Y MIFO\[I >IM

JLI<F?G;M =;OM;CM I KO? H?G >? FIHA? MCAHC@C=; M?L ?F; J?L@?CN; ? CLL?J;LXP?F
&MMI @IG?HNIO CHeG?L;M >CM=OMMd?M >IONLCHXLC;M ;=?L=; >? =;MIM CH
MIFO=CIHXP?CMJ?F;>CN;N?ILC; KO?;<;CRI;>OTCL?GIM
, g I >I >CMJIMCNCPI NL;HM=LCNI =IHMC>?L; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? CHC
=C;\[I >? HIPI FC;G? =;OM;F JIL @;NI MOJ?LP?HC?HN? JL?PCM[I KO? ?HM?D; I
?MNO>I>?OG;M]LC?>?JIMMC<CFC>;>?M KO?J;MM;L?GIM;=IHMCAH;L
&HC=C;FG?HN? >?P?
M? N?L JIL JL?GCMM; KO? ;M =;OM;M[389] JI>?G
M?L=F;MMC@C=;>;M?GCH>?J?H>?HN?M?>?J?H>?HN?M
M causas dependentes M? ILCACH;G H; =IH>ON; ? M? CHM?L?G HI M?O
>?M>I<L;G?HNI =;OM;F , ?R?GJFI >? ;J?T ] JLIPC>?H=C;F oH; =IH>ON; >?

;NCL;L ?G >CL?\[I Y P_NCG; M[I >?M>I<L;G?HNIM HILG;CM >? =;OM; ? ?@?CNI ;
J?L@OL;\[I >? aLA[I PCN;F JLI>OTC>; J?FI CGJ;=NI >I JLID]NCF =IHNL; I =ILJI
BOG;HI ; F?M[I =;PCNXLC; ?G aLA[I PCN;F ; B?GILL;AC; CHN?LH; ;AO>;
NL;OGXNC=; ; J;L;>; =;L>CILL?MJCL;NaLC; ; GILN?p[390] =IHM?KO^H=C;
J?H;F J;L; N;F =CL=OHMNZH=C; ] I<PC;G?HN? I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >I H?RI =;OM;F
I<D?NCPI >?P?H>I M?L ;P?LCAO;>I I ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI =IGI ;>P?LN? 'O;L?T
1;P;L?M ?GIONLIM?NIL>I@;NIN_JC=I
M causas independentes JIL MO; P?T >?MPCH=OF;G

M? >I >?M>I<L;
G?HNI =;OM;F >; =IH>ON; JLI>OTCH>I I L?MOFN;>I JIL MC MaM o0?O MOLAC
G?HNI H[I ] OG; >?=ILL^H=C; ?MJ?L;>; FaAC=; ? H;NOL;F >I @;NI ;HN?LCIL
G;M ;I =IHNLXLCI OG @?HbG?HI NIN;FG?HN? CHOMCN;>I CGJL?PCM_P?Fp[391]

1;CM =;OM;M JI>?G M?L MO<>CPC>C>;M ?G absolutamente independentes ? relativamente independentes
M causas absolutamente independentes H[I M? ILCACH;G >; =IH
>ON; CHC=C;F H[I N?H>I =IG ?F; L?F;\[I ? JLI>OT?G I L?MOFN;>I JIL MC MaM
o0I< KO;FKO?L =IHMC>?L;\[I M? MCNO;G @IL; >I JLI=?MMI =;OM;F IH>? M? CHM?L?
; ;\[I >I ;A?HN? >? GI>I KO? M? JI>? >CT?L KO? G?MGI KO? I ;A?HN? M? ?M
@IL\;MM? H[I JI>?LC; CHN?LPCL ?G M?OM ?@?CNIMp[392] IGI ?R?GJFI =CN?

M?
I =;MI >I o<;LKO?CLI KO? GILN;FG?HN? @?LC>I ;HN?M KO? FB? MI<L?P?HB; ;
GILN? J?FI @?LCG?HNI GILL? @OFGCH;>I JIL OG L;CI KO? @;T MIMMI<L;L I
<;L=Ip IO ;CH>; I >I GCFCN;L KO? F?MCIH;>I =LCGCHIM;G?HN? ?G OG;

J;LNC>; >? @ON?<IF ;AL?MM[I >?FC<?L;>; @IL; >; J?F?D; ;AO;L>;H>I =OC>;>I
G]>C=I Y G;LA?G >IM FCGCN?M >I =;GJI ] ;NCHAC>I GILN;FG?HN? JIL I<D?NI
G?NXFC=I>?HIGCH;>IoFCRI?MJ;=C;Fp
!CN;M=;OM;MJI>?GM?L
; Preexistentes m ?RCMN?G ;HN?M >; =IH>ON; ? JLI>OTCLC;G I L?M
OFN;>I =IG IO M?G ; ;\[I =IGI HI =;MI >I GCFCN;L KO? >?M@?L? NCLIM ?G
=IF?A; >? @;L>; I KO;F @;F?=? H[I ?G L;T[I >IM >CMJ;LIM G;M MCG >? CHNIR
C=;\[I JIL P?H?HI ;HN?LCIL ;IM >CMJ;LIM I ;ONIL >IM >CMJ;LIM L?MJIH>?LX
JILBIGC=_>CIN?HN;>I
< Concomitantes m ;M >O;M =IH>ON;M =ICH=C>?G N?GJIL;FG?HN? H;

JLI>O\[I >I L?MOFN;>I KO? JI>?LC; JLI>OTCL
M? N;HNI J?F; ;\[I >? OG;
=IGI >? IONL; MOJIHB;
M? KO? >ICM GCFCN;L?M >?=C>;G ?HP?H?H;L OG N?L
=?CLI JIL I=;MC[I >I ;LL;H=B;G?HNI M?G KO? M;C<;G OG >; =IH>ON; >I
IONLI =IHM?AO?G ;>C=CIH;L P?H?HI ?G >IM? F?N;F HI MO=I ? H; L?@?C\[I
HIN?
M? KO? M? L?NCL;LGIM ; =IH>ON; >? A IO >? B ;FN?LH;NCP;G?HN? ;CH>;
;MMCG I L?MOFN;>I M? JLI>OTCLC; CH>C=;H>I ; @;FB; >; teoria da condio J;L;

?MN? =;MI 1L;N;
M? >; dupla causalidade alternativa KO? >?P? M?L MIFO=CIH
;>; H; CH>C=;\[I >? 'O;L?T 1;P;L?M J?F; frmula da eliminao global M?
AOH>I ; KO;F oM? =IH=ILL?G J;L; I L?MOFN;>I >CP?LM;M =IH>C\d?M ? OG; P?T
?FCGCH;>; ;FN?LH;NCP; G;M H[I =OGOF;NCP;G?HN? =;>; OG; >?F;M I L?M
OFN;>I H[I ] ?FCGCH;>I KO;FKO?L >?F;M ] =IHMC>?L;>; =;OM; >?MM? L?M
OFN;>Ip[393] =IG I N?GJ?LI >I JLCH=_JCI >I in dubio pro reo HIN;>;G?HN?
KO;H>I H[I M? =B?A;L Y =IH=FOM[I ?R;N; >? KO;F >IM? @IC ; ?@?NCP;G?HN? F?N;F
1L;>OTCH>I ;M >O;M =IH>ON;M M?L[I =;OM; M? NI>;PC; M? >?GIHMNL;L KO? ;
>IM? F?N;F J;LNCO >? A ?MN? L?MJIH>?LX JIL BIGC=_>CI =IHMOG;>I ? B JIL
N?HN;>I IO KO;H>I H[I M? JO>?L ?MN;<?F?=?L KO;F ; ?R;N; >IM? ;G<IM L?
MJIH>?L[I G?MGI=IG;=IHMOG;\[I>I=LCG? JILBIGC=_>CIN?HN;>I
= Supervenientes m P?LC@C=;G
M? ;JaM ; =IH>ON; CHC=C;F ;F]G >I ?R
?GJFI >I <;LKO?CLI ?G KO? I ;ONIL >; F?M[I GILN;F L?MJIH>?LC; JIL BIGC=_
>CI N?HN;>I ? >I DIA;>IL >? @ON?<IF ?G KO? I ;ONIL >; F?M[I =LCGCHIM; L?
MJIH>?LC; JIL F?M[I =ILJIL;F =IHMOG;>; JI>?GIM =CN;L OG GCFCN;L >?M?D;

?HP?H?H;L =IGJ;HB?CLI >? @;L>; ;>GCHCMNL;H>I >IM? @;N;F >? P?H?HI JIO
=I ;HN?M >? ?MN? >?CR;L ;M >?J?H>^H=C;M >; OHC>;>? =IGI ?H=;LL?A;>I >?
AO;LHC\[I J;L; I M?LPC\I >? JIFC=C;G?HNI IMN?HMCPI JIO=IM G?NLIM ;JaM ;
M;_>; >I KO;LN?F DX M?HNCH>I IM ?@?CNIM >; MO<MNZH=C; ] ;NCHAC>I JIL >CMJ;LI
>? ;LG; >? @IAI ILCOH>I >; ;LG; >? OG LIO<;>IL KO? ;I P?L ; PC;NOL; J?H
MIO B;P?L ; CGCH^H=C; >? OG; L?;\[I ;I LIOGCHCMNLIO
P?H?HIL?MJIH>?LC;JILBIGC=_>CIN?HN;>I
M causas relativamente independentes JIL MO; IL>?G ILCACH;G
M? >; =IH>ON; CHC=C;F N?H>I =IG ?F; L?F;\[I M?G KO? M? ;FCHB?G ;I >?M>I
<L;G?HNI>I=IHNLXLCI M?LC;G=;OM;M>?J?H>?HN?M
+I G;ACMN]LCI >? 'O;L?T 1;P;L?M oM[I ;M KO? ?G<IL; M? CHMCL;G HI

JLI=?MMI =;OM;F JIMNI ?G G;L=B; J?FI ;A?HN? JLI>OT?G I L?MOFN;>I M?G
=IHN;L =IG ; CHN?L@?L^H=C; >? MO; ;\[I HI GIG?HNI ?G KO? I L?MOFN;>I M?
P?LC@C=;p[394]
1;G<]GJI>?GMO<>CPC>CL
M??G
; Preexistentes m ?RCMN?G ;HN?M >; =IH>ON; ? MIG?HN? ?G L;T[I

>?F; JLI>OT?G I L?MOFN;>I =IGI HI =;MI >I GCFCN;L B?GI@_FC=I ;NCHAC>I JIL
OG AIFJ? >? CHMNLOG?HNI =ILN;HN? KO? JLI>OT ; GILN? ?G L;T[I >I M?O ?M
N;>I @CMCIFaAC=I , AIFJ? ?L; CHMO@C=C?HN? J;L; G;N;L G;M ; B?GI@CFC; JIL MC
Ma F?PIO ;I L?MOFN;>I @;N;F I ;A?HN? L?MJIH>?LX J?FI BIGC=_>CI =IHMOG;>I
; G?HIM KO? H[I N?HB; =IH=ILLC>I J;L; ?F? =IG >IFI KO? =IHMCMN? HI =IHB?
=CG?HNIJL]PCI>;=IH>C\[I>?B?GI@_FC=IIO=OFJ;
< Concomitantes m ;M >O;M =IH>ON;M =ICH=C>?G N?GJIL;FG?HN? m

GCFCN;L ;NCL; =IHNL; IONLI GCFCN;L KO? P?G ; @;F?=?L ?G L;T[I >? =IG
JFC=;\d?M =;L>_;=;M >?=ILL?HN?M >I MOMNI , ;N;KO? =;L>_;=I JIL MC Ma

JLI>OTCO I L?MOFN;>I HI ?HN;HNI ; ;LLCNGC; @IC >?M?H=;>?;>; J?FI >CMJ;LI
>? ;LG; >? @IAI I ;A?HN? N;G<]G L?MJIH>?LX J?FI BIGC=_>CI =IHMOG;>I ;
G?HIM KO? H[I N?HB; =IH=ILLC>I J;L; ?F? =IG >IFI =IHB?=CG?HNI JL]PCI >;
=IH>C\[I>?=;L>_;=IIO=OFJ;

= Supervenientes m P?LC@C=;G
M? ;JaM ; =IH>ON; CHC=C;F "R?GJFI I
GCFCN;L KO? @?LC>I JIL IONLI GCFCN;L ;I M?L MI=ILLC>I @;F?=? ; =;GCHBI >I
BIMJCN;F ?G L;T[I >? NL;OG;NCMGI =L;HC;HI >?=ILL?HN? >? ;=C>?HN? ;ONI
GI<CF_MNC=I ?HPIFP?H>I ; ;G<OFZH=C; JIL ?RJL?MM; >CMJIMC\[I F?A;F ;LN

g I >I -* I MOD?CNI ;NCPI >; JLCG?CL; F?M[I H[I JI>?LX L?MJIH>?L J?FI
@;NI =IHMOG;>I G;M ;J?H;M JIL N?HN;NCP; >? BIGC=_>CI M? B;PC; I animus
necandi IOF?M[I=ILJIL;F=IHMOG;>;
2G; P?T ?HN?H>C>I I L;=CI=_HCI MI<L? ; ?FCGCH;\[I BCJIN]NC=; ? @CL
G;>;M ;M JL?GCMM;M >;M =;OM;M JL??RCMN?HN?M =IH=IGCN;HN?M ? MOJ?LP?HC
?HN?M ;<MIFON; IO L?F;NCP;G?HN? CH>?J?H>?HN?M =OGJL? ;AIL; ?HOG?L;L ;F
AOHM JLI<F?G;M NL;TC>IM J?F; >IONLCH; HIM KO;CM ; N?ILC; ?G L?F?PI J;L?=?
@;FB;L;<LOJN;G?HN?
F]G >; DX =CN;>; dupla causalidade alternativa BX KO? CH>C=;L ;

CHMO@C=C^H=C; >; N?ILC; >; =IH>C\[I ?G >?N?LGCH;L ; L?F;\[I >? =;OM;FC>;>?
HIM =;MIM em que o resultado ocorreria de qualquer modo =IGI HI ?R?G
JFI >I G]>C=I KO? P?LC@C=;H>I I KO;>LI CLL?P?LM_P?F >? J;=C?HN? N?LGCH;F
>?=C>? >?MFCA;L ;J;L?FB;A?G KO? I G;HNCHB; PCPI +?MM? =;MI ; ?R?GJFI >;
dupla causalidade alternativa ; ?FCGCH;\[I >; =IH>ON; >I G]>C=I H[I CG
J?>CLC; I L?MOFN;>I GILN? I KO? F?P;LC; Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? H[I JI>?LC; M?L
=IHMC>?L;>; =;OM; MIFO=CIH;L ?MM? JLI<F?G; ; >IONLCH; F;H\; G[I >I
princpio da alterao exterior M?AOH>I I KO;F oB;P?LX =;OM;FC>;>? KO;H>I
M? JLI>OTCL JIL KO;FKO?L GINCPI OG; ;FN?L;\[I HI GOH>I ?RN?LCIL M?G
=IHMC>?L;\[I ; KO? M? ?FCGCH;>; ; =IH>C\[I I L?MOFN;>I N;G<]G M?LC; IO

H[I ?R=FO_>Ip[395] )?G<L; I G?MNL? 'O;L?T 1;P;L?M KO? N;G<]G H?MM?
=;MI ?G I<M?LPZH=C; ;I JLCH=_JCI >I in dubio pro reo ; CGJON;\[I H[I JI>?
M?L @LONI >? JLIAHaMNC=I >I G;ACMNL;>I >?P?H>I MCG M?L >?GIHMNL;>I KO?
I L?MOFN;>I ;HN?=CJ;>I IO ;AL;P;>I >?=ILL? CH?KOCPI=;G?HN? >? OG;
sobrecarga de causalidade[396]
M >?=CMd?M =ILJIL;NCP;M M[I IONLI I<MNX=OFI J;L; ; N?ILC; >;
=IH>C\[I 1IG?
M? I ?R?GJFI >? ;J?T ?G KO? oOG; ?GJL?M; JIL G?CI >?
OG aLA[I =IF?AC;>I >? PXLCIM >CL?NIL?M >?=C>? F;H\;L OG JLI>ONI KO? JLI
PI=; >;HIM ;I G?CI ;G<C?HN? .O;FKO?L OG >IM PIN;HN?M JI>?LC; >CT?L KO?

;CH>; KO? H[I NCP?MM? PIN;>I IM >?G;CM I N?LC;G @?CNI >? GI>I KO? G?MGI
?FCGCH;>; MO; =IH>ON; ;CH>; ;MMCG I L?MOFN;>I N?LC; I=ILLC>Ip[397] -;L;
?MM?M =;MIM /IRCH >?@?H>? ; ;JFC=;\[I >; causalidade cumulativa
MIFO=CIH;H>I
M? =IGI HI =;MI >I JLCH=_JCI >; ;FN?L;\[I ?RN?LCIL I KO? >?P?
M?L N?GJ?L;>I N;G<]G J?FI JLCH=_JCI >I in dubio pro reo ; CH>C=;L KO? H[I
<;MN; ?MN;L H; >?FC<?L;\[I M?G KO? B;D; J?L@?CN; CH>C=;\[I >? =;>; OG; >?
MO;M=IH>C\d?M[398]
-IL @CG BX IM casos de cursos causais hipotticos IO desvios de
cursos causais +I ?R?GJFI =IF;=CIH;>I JIL !;GXMCI I=ILLC>I ?G 0[I
-;OFI o>ICM BIG?HM =IHPC>;G OG; DIP?G >? ;HIM >? C>;>? ?G<LC;A;>;
; ;=IGJ;HBX
FIM HOG ;ONIGaP?F H; >CL?\[I >? OG GIN?F +I NL;D?NI J?L
=?<?H>I MO;M CHN?H\d?M M?RO;CM ?F; JLI=OLIO >?MP?H=CFB;L

M? >?F?M "MN;
=CIH;L;G I P?_=OFI HI ;=IMN;G?HNI >; /I>IPC; -L?MC>?HN? !ONL; "F; =IH
M?AOCO M;CL >I =;LLI ? ?F?M ; J?LM?AOCL;G "F; JLI=OLIO ;NL;P?MM;L ; LI>IPC; ?
@IC ;NLIJ?F;>; JIL OG =;GCHB[I GILL?H>Ip[399] &H>C=; ;CH>; I G?MNL?
KO? ?G M?>? >? ;J?F;\[I BIOP? ; =IH@CLG;\[I >; =IH>?H;\[I >IM >ICM
;A?HN?M JIL BIGC=_>CI ?HN?H>?H>I
M? KO? I L?MOFN;>I GILN? ?H=IHNL;P;
M?
H; G?MG; FCHB; >? >?M>I<L;G?HNI >; =IH>ON; CHC=C;F 'O;L?T 1;P;L?M ;I

>CM=ILL?L MI<L? IM processos causais hipotticos JLIJd? KO? M? ILC?HN? J?FI
L?MOFN;>I =IH=L?NI L?;FG?HN? I=ILLC>I ? H[I J?FI KO? CLC; I=ILL?L[400]
!;GXMCI MOA?L? ; MIFO\[I J?F; N?ILC; >; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; >I L?MOFN;>I ;M
M?P?L;H>I KO? IM ;A?HN?M >?P?LC;G L?MJIH>?L JIL IONLI =LCG? =IHMNL;HAC
G?HNI CF?A;F M?KO?MNLI L;JNI PCIF?HNI N?HN;NCP; >? ?MNOJLI ?N= G;M HOH=;
JIL BIGC=_>CI JICM I L?MOFN;>I GILN? H[I M? ?H=IHNL;P; HI ZG<CNI >? JLI
N?\[I>;MHILG;ML?@?L?HN?M;IM<?HMDOL_>C=IMKO?JL?N?H>C;G;@?N;L[401]
IGI M? P?LC@C=IO JIL OG; M]LC? >? ?R?GJFIM ; teoria da condio

] GOCNI ?@C=;T J;L; ; >?N?LGCH;\[I >? =;OM;FC>;>? I<D?NCP; ?G =;MIM MCGJF?M
?PC>?HN?M =IHNO>I ?G OG; M]LC? >? ?R?GJFIM MO; ;JFC=;\[I ?MNLCN; M?G
?@?CNI FCGCN;>IL IO ;GJFC;>IL NILH;
M? CHPCXP?F L;T[I JIL KO? ; >IONLCH;
J?H;F<OM=IOHIP;M;FN?LH;NCP;M
Teoria da adequao

"G PCLNO>? >;M CGJ?L@?C\d?M >; ;JFC=;\[I >; N?ILC; >; =IH>C\[I
MOLA? ; JLCG?CL; M?KO^H=C; >? C>?C;M @LONI >I L;=CI=_HCI CHC=C;FG?HN? >?
3IH ;L ? JIMN?LCILG?HN? >? 3IH (LC?M CHNCNOF;>; teoria da adequao IO
>; causalidade adequada KO? HI ?HMCH;G?HNI >? CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM o=IH
MC>?L; =;OM; ; =IH>ON; ;>?KO;>; J;L; JLI>OTCL I L?MOFN;>I N_JC=I ?R=FOCH>I

=IH>ON;M KO? JLI>OT?G I L?MOFN;>I JIL ;=C>?HN? =IH>C\[I ;>?KO;>; ?F?P;
; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? JLI>O\[I >I L?MOFN;>I M?AOH>I OG; JLIAHIM? I<D?NCP;
JIMN?LCIL >I JIHNI >? PCMN; >? OG I<M?LP;>IL CHN?FCA?HN? =IFI=;>I ;HN?M >I
@;NI =IG IM =IHB?=CG?HNIM A?L;CM >? OG BIG?G CH@ILG;>I J?LN?H=?HN? ;I
=_L=OFI MI=C;F >I ;ONIL ;F]G >IM =IHB?=CG?HNIM ?MJ?=C;CM >?MN? J?LMO;>CL
;FAO]G ; OG; PC;A?G >? ;PC[I KO? =;C HI G;L J?F; ?RJFIM[I >? OG; <IG<;
H[I =IHMNCNOC =IH>C\[I ;>?KO;>; J;L; ; GILN? >; P_NCG; JILKO? OG I<M?L
P;>IL CHN?FCA?HN? =IHMC>?L;LC; ?MM? ?P?HNI ;HN?M >; PC;A?G =IGI CHN?CL;
G?HN?CGJLIPXP?F?R=?NIM?NCP?MM?=IHB?=CG?HNI>;<IG<;p[402]
V >? HIN;L CHC=C;FG?HN? KO? ; ;HXFCM? M?AOH>I ; causalidade adequada MIG?HN? M?LX >?M?H=;>?;>; ;JaM ; ;P?LCAO;\[I >; ?FCGCH;\[I BC
JIN]NC=; IO M?D; JL?I=OJ;

M? JLCG?CLI ?G C>?HNC@C=;L OG; =;OM;FC>;>? I<
D?NCP; H;NOL;F J;L; Ma ?HN[I P?LC@C=;L M? ; L?MJIMN; I<NC>; ?L; ;>?KO;>; G?
>C;HN? ; prognose posterior objetiva JLIJIMN; JIL *;R /OG?FCH IO M?D;

MO; ;>?KO;\[I Y JLI>O\[I >I L?MOFN;>I N_JC=I !?MM; @ILG; M? ; teoria da
condio =IG ; >?PC>; ?FCGCH;\[I BCJIN]NC=; ;@;MN;L CHC=C;FG?HN? ; =;OM;F
C>;>? ?MN; H[I M? ;P?LCAO;LX J?F; teoria da adequao -IL ?MM; L;T[I
'O;L?T 1;P;L?M[403] ;MM?P?L; KO? H[I M? NL;N; >? OG; N?ILC; JLIJLC;G?HN?
>CN; G;M >? OG =LCN]LCI >?FCGCN;>IL >; =;OM;FC>;>? ?G KO? I L?MOFN;>I DOL
C>C=;G?HN?JLIC<C>IM?D; anormal ou atpico
, JLI<F?G; ;JIHN;>I J?F; >IONLCH; =IG ?MM; oN?ILC;p L?MC>? ?R;N;
G?HN? HI DO_TI >? JLIAHIM? =;F=;>I ?G JLI<;<CFC>;>? G_HCG; JI>?H>I
F?P;L ; =?LN;M >CMNIL\d?M N;HNI J;L; =IHMC>?L;L =IGI J;L; H[I =IHMC>?L;L
OG; =IH>C\[I =IGI =;OM; ;J?T NL;HM=L?P? CHN?L?MM;HN? ?R?GJFI >?
HNbHCI *;A;FB[?M $IG?M #CFBI =IHMN;HN? >? MO; I<L; Direito prova no
processo penal I KO;F J?>CGIM P^HC; J;L; L?J?NCL o+I JLI=?MMI People v.
Collins ; DOLCMJLO>^H=C; HILN?
;G?LC=;H; ?GJL?AIO >? @ILG; ?KOCPI=;>;

=IGI =LCN]LCI >? ;P;FC;\[I >;M JLIP;M I =B;G;>I DOFA;G?HNI by mathematics ;I M?AOCHN? =;MI qOG; M?HBIL; @IC ;MM;FN;>; ?G )IM HA?F?M ? >?=F;LIO
N?L J?L=?<C>I OG; GI\; FICL; @OACH>I OG; PCTCHB; >; P_NCG; N;G<]G ;@CLG
IO N?L PCMNI OG; DIP?G <L;H=; =IG =;<?FIM FICLIM ? qL;? =;P;FIr M;CL >I
FI=;F >I =LCG? ? ?HNL;L ?G OG ;ONIGaP?F ;G;L?FI >CLCAC>I JIL OG BIG?G
H?ALI =IG <;L<; ? <CAI>? >C;M >?JICM JIFC=C;CM =IHM?AOCL;G JL?H>?L OG
=;M;F =IG ?MM;M =;L;=N?L_MNC=;M G;M HI DOFA;G?HNI N;HNI ; P_NCG; =IGI ;
N?MN?GOHB; H[I JO>?L;G L?=IHB?=^
FIM ; ;=OM;\[I M?LPCO
M? ?HN[I >?
OG J?LCNI G;N?GXNC=I KO? =IG <;M? H;M =;L;=N?L_MNC=;M ;JIHN;>;M ? ;JFC=
;H>I ; ?MM?M >;>IM ;M L?MJ?=NCP;M JLI<;<CFC>;>?M >? I=ILL^H=C;M @OH>;>;M

?G ?MN;N_MNC=;M GOFNCJFC=IO
M? J;L; ?RNL;CL ; =IH=FOM[I KO? MIG?HN? ?RCMNC;
OG; JIMMC<CFC>;>? ?G >IT? GCFBd?M KO? OG =;M;F JL??H=B?MM? NI>IM ?MM?M
L?KOCMCNIM IG<;M?HCMMI IDeLC=IH>?HIOIM;=OM;>IMp[404]
MMCH;F?
M? JILN;HNI ; N;G<]G @;FC<CFC>;>? >; N?ILC; >; ;>
?KO;\[I KO?JI>?F?P;L;;<MOL>IM=IGII;=CG;;JIHN;>I
Teoria da relevncia jurdica
-;L; =IGJF?G?HN;L ; ?RJFIL;\[I >; =;OM;FC>;>? *?TA?L JLIJbM
KO? o;CH>; KO;H>I OG; ;\[I M?D; =;OM;F L?F;NCP;G?HN? ;I L?MOFN;>I KO?L
M?AOH>I ; N?ILC; >; =IH>C\[I KO?L >; ;>?KO;\[I I M?O ;ONIL Ma JI>? M?L L?
MJIHMXP?F JIL ?MN? L?MOFN;>I M? ; =IH?R[I @IL DOLC>C=;G?HN? L?F?P;HN?

KO?MN[I >; =;OM;FC>;>? JILN;HNI H[I M? L?MOG? Y >?N?LGCH;\[I M? ; ;\[I >I
;A?HN? ?L; =IH>C\[I sine qua non IO =;OM; ;>?KO;>; >I L?MOFN;>I G;M ?G
M?M;<?LM? DOLC>C=;G?HN? ?MM;L?F;\[I=;OM;F?L;L?F?P;HN?p[405]
"MM; N?ILC; N?P? I AL;H>? G]LCNI >? >C@?L?H=C;L causalidade >? imputao do resultado >?@CHC\[I >? =;OM;FC>;>? @IC ;JLIP?CN;>; >;M N?ILC;M
;HN?LCIL?M H[I <;MN;H>I J;L; ; CGJON;\[I >I L?MOFN;>I ;I ;A?HN? 1;F CG
JON;\[I MIG?HN? M? NILH; PCXP?F ?G @;=? >; L?F?PZH=C; >; =;OM; J;L; I
!CL?CNI -?H;F "MM; >CMNCH\[I @IC @OH>;G?HN;F J;L; I >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI >;
N?ILC;>;CGJON;\[II<D?NCP;>IL?MOFN;>I
Teoria da imputao objetiva do resultado

CH>; H; N?HN;NCP; >? FCGCN;L ; ;<L;HA^H=C; >? >?N?LGCH;\[I >?

=;OM;FC>;>? IO >? CGJON;\[I MOLACO ; teoria da imputao objetiva KO? L?
GIHN; MO; ILCA?G @CFIMa@C=; ; -F;N[I ? ; LCMNaN?F?M MOLACH>I HI !CL?CNI

GI>?LHI ?G OG ;LNCAI >? /C=B;L> %IHCA ? =IGI N?ILC; HILG;NCP; H; I<L;
>? (;LF );L?HT[406] -?>L; >? NIKO? >I GI>?FI @OH=CIH;F =IGI PCGIM
;=CG; ; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; GIMNL;
M? G;CM =IGI OG FCGCN;>IL >; =;OM;FC>
;>?@_MC=;>IKO?OG;N?ILC;;ONbHIG;J;L;;>?@CHC\[I>IH?RI=;OM;F
-;LNCH>I >; >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? causalidade ? imputao do resultado

JLIJd? =LCN]LCIM HILG;NCPIM J;L; ; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; >?MN? +?MM? M?HNC>I
?HMCH; !;GXMCI MCHN?NCT;H>I I KO? DX PCGIM KO;H>I >I ?MNO>I >I @OH=CIH;F
CMGI >? /IRCH ? >? ';EI<M KO? I =IGJILN;G?HNI ? I resultado normativo

JIL ?MM; N?ILC; MIG?HN? JI>?G M?L ;NLC<O_>IM M? ; =IH>ON; =LC;L ;I <?G
DOL_>C=I OG LCM=I DOLC>C=;G?HN? >?M;JLIP;>I ? L?F?P;HN? KO;H>I I J?LCAI
L?;FCT;L
M? HI L?MOFN;>I ? ;CH>; KO;H>I ?MM? L?MOFN;>I @IL ;<L;HAC>I J?FI
ZG<CNI>?JLIN?\[I>;HILG;CH=LCGCH;>IL;[407]
H;NOL?T; DOL_>C=; >; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; H[I ] J;=_@C=; =IGI >CNI
B;P?H>I KO?G ?HN?H>; M?L ?F; >? @;NI OG; L?MNLC\[I Y ;NLC<OC\[I >I L?M
OFN;>I @C=;H>I L?MNLCN; JILN;HNI Y ;HXFCM? >I @;NI N_JC=I ;MMCH;F;G

M? NI
>;PC; N;G<]G =ILL?HN?M G;CM ;GJFC;NCP;M =IHMC>?L;H>I

H; OG HIPI MCM
N?G; IO GI>?FI J?H;F =CN;>; N?ILC; =IGJILN; ;CH>; PCMd?M ?MJ?=_@C=;M

=IGI ; DX P?LM;>; >? $fHNB?L ';EI<M J;L; KO?G ; N?ILC; >; CGJON;\[I
I<D?NCP; >CPC>?
M? ?G >ICM H_P?CM oJIL OG F;>I ; =F;MMC@C=;\[I >I =IGJILN;
G?HNI =IGI N_JC=I CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; >I =IGJILN;G?HNI ? JIL IONLI ;

=IHMN;N;\[I m HI ZG<CNI >IM >?FCNIM >? L?MOFN;>I m >? KO? I L?MOFN;>I
JLI>OTC>I M? ?RJFC=; >? GI>I JL?=CMI J?FI =IGJILN;G?HNI I<D?NCP;G?HN?
CGJONXP?FCGJON;\[II<D?NCP;>IL?MOFN;>Ip[408]
OM=;L?GIM ?HNL?N;HNI >?FCH?;L MCHN?NCT;H>I I KO? DX @IC PCMNI IM

JIHNIM >? G;CIL ;=?CN;\[I >; N?ILC; ?G ;JL?\I =IG I ?M=IJI >? ?PCN;L CF
;\d?MKO?G;CM=IH@OH>CLC;G>IKO??M=F;L?=?LC;GI?MNO>CIMI
&HC=C;FG?HN? ; =IH>ON; >?P? =LC;L ;I <?G DOL_>C=I OG LCM=I DOLC>C=
;G?HN? >?M;JLIP;>I ? L?F?P;HN? IO M?D; H[I M? JI>? CGJON;L I<D?NCP;G?HN?

; ;FAO]G >?N?LGCH;>I L?MOFN;>I KO;H>I MO; =IH>ON; >CGCHOCO I LCM=I J;L; I

<?G DOL_>C=I CN?
M? =IGI ?R?GJFI I =;MI ?G KO? A >?=C>? ;NCL;L H; =;<?\;
>? B HI GIG?HNI >I >CMJ;LI JIL]G N?G MO; G[I >?MFI=;>; JIL C ? I JLI
D]NCF P?G ; ;NCHACL I IG<LI >? B ; F?M[I >? B H[I ] CGJONXP?F JIL ?MM?
=LCN]LCI ; C KO?L?>OTCOILCM=IJ;L;I<?GDOL_>C=I?GL?F?PI
F]G>;A?L;\[I>?LCM=IJLIC<C>I ]H?=?MMXLCIKO??MN?M?P?LC@CKO?
HI L?MOFN;>I >I =IHNLXLCI H[I B;P?LX CGJON;\[I >I L?MOFN;>I In exemplis

A ? B >?=C>?G @OLN;L OG; L?MC>^H=C; A ?@?NCP;G?HN? CHAL?MM; HI CGaP?F ? B
J?LG;H?=? >I F;>I >? @IL; ; PCAC;L J;L; A;L;HNCL ; NL;HKOCFC>;>? >; MO<
NL;\[I ,=ILL? KO? A ?H=IHNL; ; JLIJLC?NXLC; HI CHN?LCIL ? >?=C>? ?MNOJLX

F;
B A?LIO OG LCM=I =IHNL; OG <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F I J;NLCGbHCI BIOP? =IH
NO>I F?M[I >? IONLI <?G DOL_>C=I =ODI LCM=I H[I @IC A?L;>I JIL B I ?MNOJLI
JILN;HNI H[IJI>?M?L;NLC<O_>I; B
-IL @CG =IGI ;>OT 'O;L?T 1;P;L?M H[I B;P?LX oCGJON;\[I M? I L?M
OFN;>I =IH=L?N;G?HN? P?LC@C=;>I H[I M? CH=FOCL HI ;F=;H=? >I NCJIp ? ?R?G
JFC@C=; =IG IM =;MIM >? o;NO;\[I >C;HN? >? J?LCAIM ;MMOGC>IM PIFOHN;LC;
G?HN? J?F; JLaJLC; P_NCG;p IO o=;MIM >? CHN?LP?H\[I >IFIM; IO =OFJIM; >?
N?L=?CLIMHIJLI=?MMI>?JLI>O\[I>I@;NIp[409]
"R?GJFI >I JLCG?CLI ALOJI oA ;=IHM?FB; B ; >?>C=;L

M? ;I ;FJCH
CMGI ? ; ?M=;F;L ; IL>CFB?CL; >IM H>?M ?G<IL; H[I J;LNC=CJ? >; ;P?HNOL;
-IL M?L B ;CH>; CH?RJ?LC?HN? H?MN? ?MJILN? H[I =IHM?AO? @CR;L =ILL?N;G?HN?
OG >IM AL;GJIM >? MOMN?HN;\[I =;C ? GILL? HI G?CI >; N?HN;NCP; >? ?M=;F
;>;p V >? HIN;L KO? ; =IH>ON; >? A =IHNLC<OCO >? GI>I =;OM;F J;L; ; GILN?
>? B JIL]G ; ?F? H[I ] I<D?NCP;G?HN? CGJONXP?F JICM I oNCJI >? BIGC=_>CI
NL;\; ;M FCHB;M >CPCMaLC;M >; JLIC<C\[I >? KO? I MOD?CNI JLI>OT; ; GILN? >? ;F
AO]G >;M G;CM P;LC;>;M ? JIMM_P?CM G;H?CL;M G;M H[I >? OG; @ILG; N[I CH
N?HM;p[410]
"R?GJFI >I M?AOH>I ALOJI oA CH;>P?LNC>;G?HN? ?MKO?=? I @?LLI >?

J;MM;L LIOJ;M FCA;>I I=;MCIH;H>I OG CH=^H>CI ?G M?O ;J;LN;G?HNI !OL
;HN? IM NL;<;FBIM >? ;J;A;L ;M =B;G;M OG >IM <IG<?CLIM ] AL;P?G?HN?

@?LC>I J?F; KO?>; >? OG FOMNL? HI FI=;F =IGI ;M F?Md?M JLI>OTC>;M HI

<IG<?CLI M? CHM?L?G HI ZG<CNI >? ?H@L?HN;G?HNI >IM LCM=IM >? MO; JLaJLC;
JLI@CMM[I H[I>?P?GM?LCGJON;>;M;IL?F;JMI;A?HN?p[411]
#CH;FCT;H>I MCHN?NCT;L?GIM ; N?ILC; sub examine ;<OM;H>I OG

JIO=I G;CM >;M JL?=CIM;M FC\d?M >? 'O;L?T 1;P;L?M +[I B;P?LX CGJON;\[I
I<D?NCP; o; M? I ;A?HN? NCP?L >CGCHO_>I I LCM=I J;L; I <?G DOL_>C=I < M? I
;A?HN? H[I NCP?L ;OG?HN;>I I LCM=I J;L; I <?G DOL_>C=I = M? I LCM=I ?L; J?L
GCNC>I > M? ?MM? LCM=I H[I M? G;N?LC;FCT;L HI L?MOFN;>I N_JC=I ? M? I L?M
OFN;>I H; @ILG; =IGI I=ILLC>I H[I M? CH=FOCL HI ZG<CNI >? ;F=;H=? >I
NCJIp[412]
/;NC@C=;GIM ; HIMM; JL?@?L^H=C; JIL L?=B;\;L I @OH=CIH;FCMGI J?H
;F ? JIL =IHM?KO^H=C; ; CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; M?H[I JIL ;FAOHM JIMNOF;>IM

GOCNI?MJ?=_@C=IM>?M?OMJLCH=CJ;CMN?aLC=IM
Nexo causal nos crimes omissivos
,M >?FCNIM IGCMMCPIM JI>?G M?L =CH>C>IM ?G >ICM AL;H>?M ALOJIM
IM prprios ?IM imprprios
+IM omissivos prprios JIL M? NL;N;L >? >?FCNIM >? mera conduta
JL?M=CH>?G >; ;P?LCAO;\[I >; L?F;\[I >? =;OM;FC>;>?[413] 0[I ?R?GJFIM
HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L I >?FCNI >? omisso de oficial ;LN >? omisso
de providncias para evitar danos ;LN >? omisso de providncias
para salvar comandados ;LN ?N= 2G =;MI sui generis ?H=IHNL;GIM

HI >?FCNI =;JCNOF;>I HI ;LN >I -* ; CHI<M?LPZH=C; >? F?C L?AOF;G?HNI
IO CHMNLO\[I =OD; NCJC=C>;>? JIL M?L GOCNI oJILIM;p J?LGCN? ; JLXNC=; >I
=LCG? N;HNI JIL ;\[I =IGI JIL IGCMM[I ?RCACH>I
M? ;>?G;CM OG JL?DO_TI Y
>GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L MO<P?LN?H>I ; =IGJL??HM[I KO? M? N?G MI<L? I =LCG?
=OFJIMI "MM; oJILIMC>;>? N_JC=;p =IGI >?@?H>?GIM ;=CG; CGJILN; H; CH
=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >I NCJI J?H;F ?G @I=I JIL F?M[I ;I JLCH=_JCI >;

F?A;FC>;>?
2G; M]LC? >? =LCG?M =IGCMMCPIM HI ?HN;HNI JI>?G M?L =IG?NC>IM
JIL G?CI >? =IH>ON; IGCMMCP; F?P;H>I ; OG L?MOFN;>I N_JC=I 0[I IM

=B;G;>IM omissivos imprprios IO comissivos por omisso J;L; IM KO;CM ;

;P?LCAO;\[I>IH?RI>?=;OM;FC>;>?]=IHP?HC?HN?
MIFO\[I M?AOH>I I M;O>IMI MMCM 1IF?>I[414] ] MCGJF?M ? L?MC>?
H; ;P;FC;\[I >? OG nexo normativo ?MN;<?F?=C>I JIL IJ\[I F?ACMF;NCP;
+?MM? M?HNC>I ; ?R?GJFI >I ;LN >I - =IGOG I JLaJLCI ;LN >I -*
?G M?O g I ?MN;<?F?=? o IGCMM[I ] L?F?P;HN? =IGI =;OM; KO;H>I I IGCN
?HN? >?PC; ? JI>C; ;ACL J;L; ?PCN;L I L?MOFN;>I , >?P?L >? ;ACL CH=OG<? ;
KO?G N?HB; JIL F?C I<LCA;\[I >? =OC>;>I JLIN?\[I IO PCACFZH=C; ; KO?G >?
IONL; @ILG; ;MMOGCO ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >? CGJ?>CL I L?MOFN;>I ? ; KO?G
=IGM?O=IGJILN;G?HNI;HN?LCIL =LCIOILCM=I>?MO;MOJ?LP?HC^H=C;p
0[I NL^M JILN;HNI IM P_H=OFIM HILG;NCPIM ; ?MN;<?F?=?L I H?RI >?

=;OM;FC>;>? L?=;CH>I MI<L? KO?G I N?HB; JIL F?C I<LCA;\[I >? =OC>;>I
JLIN?\[I IO PCACFZH=C; I >? IONL; @ILG; ;MMOGCO ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >?
CGJ?>CL I L?MOFN;>I ? I =IG M?O =IGJILN;G?HNI ;HN?LCIL =LCIO I LCM=I >?
MO; MOJ?LP?HC^H=C; "MM;M =IH>C\d?M =IH@?L?G ; M?OM MOD?CNIM ; =IH>C\[I >?
A;L;HNC>IL IO >? A;L;HN? >I <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F ;<L;HAC>I J?F;M HILG;M KO?
?RCA?G=IGCMM[I
FCHB;>IM ;I MCMN?G; >? M?AOL;H\; Je<FC=; ?MNLONOL;>I HI ;LN

>; )?C *;CIL IM JIFC=C;CM GCFCN;L?M N^G CH?L?HN? ;I =;LAI >? GCFCN;L?M >IM
"MN;>IM JILN;HNI ?G L;T[I >; JLaJLC; F?C[415] I >?P?L DOL_>C=I >? ;ACL
=IH@CAOL;H>I
M? AO;L>Cd?M >IM <?HM DOL_>C=I
J?H;CM >IM =C>;>[IM 3;F? >CT?L
; IGCMM[I >I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L JI>?LX ?G PXLC;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M MCAHC@C=;L ;

;ONILC; =IG <;M? H; IGCMM[I J?H;FG?HN? L?F?P;HN? >? =LCG? =IGCMMCPI ?
H[I MCGJF?MG?HN? ?G JL?P;LC=;\[I =IGJLIP;H>I
M? I M?HNCG?HNI J?MMI;F
+?MM? M?HNC>I =IHP]G =CN;L >CM=OMM[I F?P;>; ; ?@?CNI JIL 0]LACI
?>;HI[416] ?G ;LNCAI =IG ;<IL>;A?G JLaJLC; ;I N?G; ?G KO? I ;ONIL
JL?N?H>? ;NLC<OCL ; GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I ; =I;ONILC; ?G ?MNOJLI MCGJF?MG?HN?
JIL H[I B;P?L CGJ?>C>I KO? M?O =IGJ;HB?CLI >? AO;LHC\[I ?MNOJL;MM?
GOFB?L @;MN;
M? JILN;HNI ; JL?P;LC=;\[I OG; P?T KO? I ;A?HN? >; IGCM
M[I JI>C; ;ACL ? H[I I @?T I KO? MIG;>I Y JIMC\[I >? A;L;HN? NILH;
I
=I;ONIL >I >?FCNI[417] , ?R?GJFI =IHMCAH;>I JI>? <?G >CG?HMCIH;L ;
KO?MN[I

+; M?AOH>; BCJaN?M? =CN?

M? I ?H@?LG?CLI KO? >?CR; GILL?L >I?HN?
=IH@C;>I ; M?OM =OC>;>IM JLI@CMMCIH;CM JIL H[I GCHCMNL;L IM G?>C=;G?HNIM
>?PC>;G?HN? JICM;MMOGCO;L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?J?FI;OR_FCIY=OL;[418]
#CH;FG?HN? H; N?L=?CL; BCJaN?M? NIG?

M? I AO;L>;
PC>;M ?R=?F?HN?
H;>;>IL KO? =IHP?H=? ;JaM CHMCMN^H=C; OG =IGJ;HB?CLI >? ILJIL;\[I
;@ICNI ? J]MMCGI H;>;>IL ; ;NL;P?MM;L OG LCI PCH>I ?MN? ; GILL?L ;@IA;>I
HI G?CI >I =OLMI >rXAO; =IH>ON; ;HN?LCIL >I AO;L>;

PC>;M A?LIO I LCM=I
J;L;;P_NCG;[419]
#LCM?
M? KO? ; JIMC\[I >I nexo normativo ] ; ;>IN;>; J?FI 0O
JL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F "MN? DX >?=C>CO KO? ; =;OM;FC>;>? HIM =LCG?M =I
GCMMCPIM JIL IGCMM[I H[I ] @XNC=; G;M DOL_>C=; =IHMCMN?HN? ?G H[I B;P?L
;NO;>IIIGCN?HN?=IGI>?PC;?JI>C;J;L;CGJ?>CLIL?MOFN;>I[420]
-IL >?LL;>?CLI >?P?

M? ?HN?H>?L KO? ; ;NLC<OC\[I >I L?MOFN;>I ;I
A;L;HNC>IL ?G KO;FKO?L >;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ;=CG; >?M=LCN;M H[I JI>?
<;M?;L
M? ?G =;OM;FC>;>? L?;F JILKO;HNI M?LX JL;NC=;G?HN? CGJIMM_P?F
>?GIHMNL;L KO? ; ;\[I >I A;L;HN? CH?KOCPI=;G?HN? CGJ?>CLC; I L?MOFN;>I
N_JC=I !?P? MCG @CLG;L
M? ?G =;OM;FC>;>? BCJIN]NC=; ;LLCG;>; MI<L? juzo
de probabilidade prxima da certeza IO =IGI M? >CT BID? ?G OG; possibilidade ftica[421]
d) Tipo penal (tipo legal ou tipicidade em sentido estrito)
Escoro histrico da teoria da tipicidade
>IAGXNC=; J?H;F >? @ILG; L?F;NCP;G?HN? L?=?HN? <OM=IO ?MGC
O\;L I @?HbG?HI >; NCJC=C>;>? @IG?HN;H>I ; C>?;FCT;\[I >? ;FAOG;M N?ILC;M
YMKO;CM=B;G;GIMN?ILC;M>;NCJC=C>;>?
"G <L?P? ;J;HB;>I BCMNaLC=I >; ?PIFO\[I >; N?ILC; >; NCJC=C>
;>?[422] N?G
M? =IGI JIHNI >? J;LNC>; ; HI\[I OH; >? =LCG? DX CH>C=;>;
KO? F?P;P; ; OG; ;HXFCM? >I NCJI J?H;F N;G<]G OHC@C=;>; =IG @OH\[I G?L;
G?HN? >?M=LCNCP; HI\[I ?MM; KO? ?L; L?JL?M?HN;>; J?FI N?LGI ;F?G[I Tatbestand +?MM? J?L_I>I I ?MNO>I >; NCJC=C>;>? IO >I NCJI J?H;F <?G =IGI >IM

>?G;CM =;L;=N?L?M >I =LCG? H[I A;HB;P; >?MN;KO? JIL J;L?=?L ?RNL?G;
G?HN?a<PCI
?FCHA ?G I JCIH?CLI ; >?>C=;L

M? ; ?MM? ?MNO>I >?O J;MMI >?
CH?AXP?F CGJILNZH=C; ;I M?J;L;L NCJC=C>;>? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? =OFJ;<CFC>;>?
+IN?
M? KO? =IG MO; CHIP;\[I H[I =LCIO ;J?H;M @CAOL;M DOL_>C=;M ; M?L?G ;H
;FCM;>;M G;M ?MN;<?F?=?O uma lgica analtica do delito CGJIH>I M?KO^H=C;
>? J;MMIM HI ?MNO>I >; =;L;=N?LCT;\[I >I =LCG? B?A;

M? >?MM;LN? Y JIMMC<
CFC>;>? >? OG; ;\[I M?L N_JC=; JIL]G H[I M?L ;HNCDOL_>C=; H[I =IH@CAOL;H>I
>?MM; @ILG; OG CHDOMNI J?H;F /?MM;FN?
M? ?HNL?N;HNI KO? ; NCJC=C>;>?
;AIL; CH>?J?H>?HN? NCHB; ;CH>; @OH\[I G?L;G?HN? >?M=LCNCP; JICM ;JIH
N;P; >? @ILG; I<D?NCP; I KO? >?P?LC; M?L ?H=IHNL;>I HI @;NI =IH=L?NI J;L;
KO?BIOP?MM?@;NIN_JC=I
IG *;S?L ?G ; NCJC=C>;>? >? ?FCHA P;TC; JIL MO; I<D?NCPC>
;>? A;HB; LI<OMN?T =IG ; HI\[I >? M?L ?F; CH>_=CI >? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? !?MM;
@ILG; ; =IH>ON; N_JC=; CH>C=; JL?MOGC>;G?HN? OG @;NI =IHNLXLCI Y HILG;
;I >CL?CNI JILN;HNI ;HNCDOL_>C=I NCJC=C>;>? ] ratio cognoscendi >; ;HNCDOL
C>C=C>;>? -;L; @;=CFCN;L ; P?LC@C=;\[I >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? *;S?L ;>GCNCO ; ?R
CMN^H=C; >? ?F?G?HNIM HILG;NCPIM HI NCJI J?H;F IHMC>?L;P; ;CH>; ; NCJC=C>
;>? I JLCG?CLI JL?MMOJIMNI >? ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? I

M?AOH>I
"G *?TA?L C>?;FCT; OG; ?MNLONOL; <CJ;LNC>; >I =LCG? =IG
JIMN; >? @;NI NCJC=;G?HN? ;HNCDOL_>C=I ? =OFJXP?F IGI M? J?L=?<? H[I =IH
=?<? ; NCJC=C>;>? =IGI CH>_=CI >? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? G;M =IGI <;M? ?MM^H=C;
>?MN; ratio essendi "PC>?H=C;
M? JILN;HNI I MCMN?G; <CJ;LNC>I =CN;>I J?FI
G?MNL? 'O;L?T CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM =IH@ILG? DX CH>C=;GIM ?G KO? I =LCG? ]
=IH=?<C>I ;H;FCNC=;G?HN? =IGI NCJI >? CHDOMNI @ILG;>I J?F; OHC[I =IH
=?CNO;F ? CH>CMMIFeP?F >? NCJC=C>;>? ? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? IH
P]G G?H=CIH;L KO? =IG ?MM; =IH=?J\[I *?TA?L >X I JLCG?CLI MCH;F >;
N?ILC; >IM ?F?G?HNIM H?A;NCPIM >I NCJI KO? N?G HINXP?CM ;>?JNIM H;
;NO;FC>;>?

-;MM;H>I J?F; L?@ILGOF;\[I >? ?FCHA KO? ?G >CMNCHAOCO I

NCJI >I >?FCNI Deliktypus >? Tatbestand =B?A;
M? ?H@CG ;I @CH;FCMGI >?
4?FT?F ;NCHACH>I
M? OG; NCJC=C>;>? =IGJF?R; M?AOH>I ; KO;F I NCJI JI>? M?L
>?MG?G<L;>I ?G I<D?NCPI >?M=LC\[I F?A;F ;N] G?MGI =IG =IGJIH?HN?M >?
IL>?G HILG;NCP; m =IGJIH?HN? =;OM;F ? MO<D?NCPI PIHN;>? L?CNIL; ?CP;>;
>?>IFIIO=OFJ;m=IGJIH?HN?@CH;F
%I>C?LH;G?HN? JL?P;F?=? ; N?ILC; >I NCJI >? *;S?L IO M?D; ; NCJC
=C>;>? ] CH>_=CI >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ratio cognoscendi =;L;=N?LCT;

M? ;CH>;
; NCJC=C>;>? JIL M?L =IGJF?R; >IN;>; >? OG NCJI I<D?NCPI ? OG MO<D?NCPI
!?P?
M? ;F?LN;L ?HNL?N;HNI KO? =I?RCMN?G P;LC;\d?M ;=?L=; >; N?ILC; >I NCJI
;F]G >; DX =CN;>; N?ILC; >IM ?F?G?HNIM H?A;NCPIM M?AOH>I ; KO;F ;M ?R
=FO>?HN?M >? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? CHN?AL;G I NCJI J?H;F >; NCJC=C>;>? J?H;F >?
"OA^HCI /;eF 7;@@;LIHC ? 'IM] %?HLCKO? -C?L;HA?FC[423] KO? ] CHN?AL;>;
J?F; NCJC=C>;>? F?A;F ?HN?H>C>; =IGI CH>CPC>O;FCT;\[I >; =IH>ON; @?CN; J?F;
F?C G?>C;HN? I =IHDOHNI >? ?F?G?HNIM >?M=LCNCPIM ? P;FIL;NCPIM ? J?F; NCJC=C>
;>? =IHAFI<;HN? NL;>OTC>; J?F; =IGJLIP;\[I >? KO? ; =IH>ON; F?A;FG?HN?

N_JC=; ?MNX N;G<]G JLIC<C>; J?FI IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I =IGI OG NI>I
NCJC=C>;>? J?H;F CHN?AL;>; J?F; NCJC=C>;>? =IHAFI<;HN? MIFO=CIH; ;MMCG
=IGI ; N?ILC; MI=C;F >; ;\[I IO >; ;\[I MI=C;FG?HN? ;>?KO;>; >; ;>
?KO;\[I MI=C;F IO HILG;NCP; JLI<F?G;M J?H;CM =ILLCKO?CLIM ; ?R?GJFI >;

F?M[I JLIPI=;>; HI ;>P?LMXLCI J?FI JOACFCMN; =;MI ?G KO? H[I B;P?LC; NCJC
=C>;>? J?H;F JIL M?L ; =IH>ON; CLL?F?P;HN? MI=C;FG?HN? N?ILC; >; L?F?PZH=C;
MI=C;F IO JIL H[I B;P?L ;HNCHILG;NCPC>;>? DX KO? @IG?HN;>; J?FI JLaJLCI
>CL?CNI
+?MM? JIHNI J;MM;L?GIM ; P?LC@C=;L ; N?ILC; >I NCJI >? OG GI>I

JL;AGXNC=I ;JFC=;>; ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ? M?==CIH;>; ?G JIMMC<CFC>;>?M
>?P?LC@C=;\[I
HN?M >I ?MNO>I >?NC>I >I NCJI >IFIMI =OFJIMI ? IGCMMCPI H?
=?MMXLCI M? NILH; KO? ;<MILP;GIM ;FAOHM =IH=?CNIM KO? M?L[I ONCFCT;>IM =IH
MN;HN?G?HN? H; P?LC@C=;\[I >IM NCJIM J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M +?MM? M?HNC>I

P?L?GIM ;AIL; I =IH=?CNI >? MOD?CNI ;NCPI MOD?CNI J;MMCPI ? I<D?NI >I =LCG?
=IGMO;M>?=ILL^H=C;MH;>IONLCH;J?H;F

Sujeito ativo ] ;KO?F? KO? JL;NC=; I @;NI >?M=LCNI H; HILG; J?H;F CH
=LCGCH;>IL; IO M?D; ; J?MMI; KO? JL;NC=; ; =IH>ON; =IGCMMCP; IO IGCMMCP;

JL?PCMN;HINCJIF?A;F
!?P?
M? N?L ?G G?HN? KO? ?G L?AL; ;J?H;M ; J?MMI; BOG;H; JI>?
M?L MOD?CNI ;NCPI >? =LCG? ;I =IHNLXLCI >I KO? DX I=ILL?O ?G IONL;M ]JI=;M
KO;H>I ;HCG;CM ?L;G DOFA;>IM J?F; JLXNC=; >? >?FCNI *I>?LH;G?HN? HI

?HN;HNI N?G
M? ;>GCNC>I ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? J?MMI; DOL_>C=; M?L MOD?CNI ;NCPI
>? =LCG? =CL=OHMNZH=C; KO? ?G<IL; GOCNI JIF^GC=; DX N?G AO;LC>; HI
L;MCF OG; P?T KO? ; )?C H ;I JL?P?L IM =LCG?M ;G<C?HN;CM
>?@CHCO JIMMC<CFC>;>?M >? OG; J?MMI; DOL_>C=; @CAOL;L HI JIFI ;NCPI >? =LCG?
;G<C?HN;F
I MOD?CNI ;NCPI =IH@ILG? ; @;M? ?G KO? M? ?H=IHNL; ; J?LM?=O\[I
=LCGCH;F CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F JLI=?MMI ?G =OLMI ? ;JaM ; =IH>?H;\[I JI>?G
M?L>;>;MPXLC;M>?MCAH;\d?M=IGICH>C=C;>I L]O?=IH>?H;>I
&GJILN;HN? F?G<L;L KO;HNI Y MOD?C\[I ;NCP; KO? ?RCMN?G =LCG?M KO?
H[I JIMMO?G L?MNLC\[I ?G L?F;\[I Y J?MMI; KO? JI>? @CAOL;L HI JIFI ;NCPI
IO M?D; KO? JI>?G M?L =IG?NC>IM JIL KO;FKO?L J?MMI; =B;G;>IM >? =LCG?M
=IGOHM delicta communia ?R I BIGC=_>CI m ;LN >I -* ? ; PCIF^H=C;
=IHNL; GCFCN;L >? M?LPC\I m ;LN >I -* ,ONLIM BX HI ?HN;HNI ?G KO?
I NCJI F?A;F NL;T KO;FC>;>?M >I ;A?HN? KO? JI>? J?LJ?NLX
FI CGJIMMC<CFCN;H>I
; JLXNC=; JIL KO;FKO?L J?MMI; ?RCACH>I >?N?LGCH;>; =IH>C\[I DOL_>C=; IO >?
@;NI >I ;A?HN? ?R ?MNOJLI m ;LN >I -*[424] ? PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; MO
J?LCIL m ;LN >I -* =B;G;>IM >? =LCG?M JLaJLCIM delicta propria
+[I M? =IH@OH>?G ?MM?M =LCG?M =IG IM =LCG?M JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M ? IM
CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M >CMNCH\[I ; KO? DX HIM >?>C=;GIM +; HIMM; PCM[I
;JLIP?CN;H>I ; N?ILC; >? 'ILA? F<?LNI /IG?CLI IM =LCG?M JLIJLC;G?HN?
GCFCN;L?M M[I ;KO?F?M =OD; ;\[I J?H;F ;P;FC;>; HI GIG?HNI ?G KO? I =LCG? ]
JL;NC=;>I MIG?HN? JI>? M?L JLIJIMN; =IHNL; GCFCN;L IO >I =IHNLXLCI M?
JO>?L M?L JLIJIMN; =IHNL; KO;FKO?L J?MMI; NL;N;L
M?
X >? OG =LCG? CGJLI
JLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L H;FCM;H>I ;M >O;M =F;MMC@C=;\d?M BX =LCG?M JLaJLCIM KO?

JI>?G M?L JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M ? IONLIM CG
JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M +;
JLCG?CL; ?MJ]=C? N?GIM I ?R?GJFI >; PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; MOJ?LCIL ;LN >I

-* KO? MIG?HN? JI>? M?L JL;NC=;>I JIL OG CH@?LCIL BC?LXLKOC=I IO @OH
=CIH;F JILN;HNI OG GCFCN;L =IHNL; KO?G ; ;\[I J?H;F JI>?LX M?L CHN?HN;>;
+I IONLI ALOJI =CN?
M? =IGI ?R?GJFI I ?MNOJLI ;LN >I -* KO?
;J?M;L >? MIG?HN? JI>?L M?L JL;NC=;>I JIL OG BIG?G[425] M;FPI ?R=?\[I
>I =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M ? J;L; ;FAOHM >; ;ONILC; G?>C;N; H[I ?RCA? ; =IH
>C\[I >? GCFCN;L >I ;A?HN? JI>?H>I ; ;\[I J?H;F M?L CHN?HN;>; =IHNL; OG
H[IGCFCN;L
-;L; >C@?L?H=C;L ?MM;M =;N?AILC;M ;I F;>I >IM =LCG?M JLIJLC;G?HN?
GCFCN;L?M 'ILA? F<?LNI /IG?CLI =IHM;ALIO IM =LCG?M JLaJLCIM GCFCN;L?M KO
?L?H>I MCAHC@C=;L ;KO?F?M KO? ?G<IL; JIMM;G H[I ?RCACL ; KO;FC>;>? >? GCF
CN;L J;L; ; JLIJIMCNOL; >; ;\[I J?H;F ?RCA?G IONL; KO;FC>;>? ?MJ?=C;F >I
;A?HN? =IGIBIG?GIO@OH=CIHXLCIJe<FC=I[426]
>?M=LC\[I N_JC=; >I MOD?CNI ;NCPI ;>?G;CM JI>? JL?P?L ; KO;H
NC>;>? >? ;A?HN?M H?=?MMXLC; J;L; ; JIMM_P?F JLXNC=; >? OG >?FCNI MMCG
KO;H>I I NCJI J?H;F H[I >CMJd? ;=?L=; >I HeG?LI >? MOD?CNIM ;NCPIM H?
=?MMXLCIM N?GIM OG =LCG? KO? JI>? M?L =IG?NC>I JIL ;J?H;M OG; J?MMI;
=B;G;>I >? GIHIMMO<D?NCPI ?R F?M[I =ILJIL;F m ;LN >I -* -IL
IONLI F;>I ; HILG; J?H;F JI>? ?RCACL >ICM IO G;CM ;A?HN?M J;L; ; JLXNC=; >I
=LCG? I=;MC[I ?G KO? N?L?GIM OG =LCG? JFOLCMMO<D?NCPI ?R GINCG m ;LN
>I -* .O;H>I N?GIM >O;M IO G;CM J?MMI;M =IG?N?H>I OG >?FCNI ?M
N;GIM >C;HN? >? OG =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M IO >? ;A?HN?M ? JIL ?MM; L;T[I IM
=LCG?M GIHIMMO<D?NCPIM M[I N;G<]G =B;G;>IM >? =LCG?M >? =IH=OLMI ?P?H
NO;F ?HKO;HNI IM =LCG?M JFOLCMMO<D?NCPIM M[I =B;G;>IM >? =LCG?M >? =IH
=OLMIH?=?MMXLCI
, =IG?NCG?HNI >? OG =LCG? ?G =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M ;>GCN? ;
=I;ONILC; ? ; J;LNC=CJ;\[I =IGI ?MJ]=C?M G;N]LC; KO? P?L?GIM G;CM ;>C;HN?
"RCMN?G =LCG?M HI ?HN;HNI KO? H[I ;>GCN?G ; =I;ONILC; G;M ;J?H;M ; J;L
NC=CJ;\[I 0[I IM =B;G;>IM =LCG?M >? G[I JLaJLC; KO? MIG?HN? JI>?G M?L
J?LJ?NL;>IM J?FI ;ONIL ?G J?MMI; =IGI HI =;MI >I =LCG? >? @;FMI
N?MN?GOHBI =;JCNOF;>IHI;LN>I -*

Sujeito passivo ] I NCNOF;L >I CHN?L?MM? I@?H>C>I >I <?G DOL_>C=I

;PCFN;>I J?FI >?FCNI -;L; >?@CHCL I MOD?CNI J;MMCPI JILN;HNI ] H?=?MMXLCI KO?
M? >?M=O<L; KO;F I I<D?NI >? NON?F; >I =LCG? ?G ;HXFCM? IO M?D; KO;F I CH
N?L?MM? NON?F;>I J?F; F?C J?H;F CH=LCGCH;>IL; MMCG HI =LCG? >? J?=OF;NI
;LN >I -* ;J?M;L >? JI>?L B;P?L >;HI J;NLCGIHC;F ; OG; J?MMI; I
MOD?CNI J;MMCPI ] ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L PCMNI KO? I I<D?NI DOL_>C=I >I
=LCG? H[I ] I J;NLCGbHCI G;M ; GIL;FC>;>? >; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L "MM;
=IGJL??HM[I M?LX >? MOG; CGJILNZH=C; KO;H>I >I ?MNO>I >; ;F_H?; e >I CH
=CMI&&>I;LN I >I -*
, "MN;>I ] I L?MJIHMXP?F J?F; G;HON?H\[I >I <?G =IGOG >; =IH
PCP^H=C; B;LGIHCIM; ?HNL? ;M J?MMI;M ? JIL ?MM; L;T[I NI>; P?T KO? OG
=LCG? ] =IG?NC>I I "MN;>I ] N;G<]G ;<;F;>I J?F; =IH>ON; DX KO? ?F? ] I NCN
OF;L >I G;H>;G?HNI JLIC<CNCPI >; HILG; J?H;F ;<MNL;N; C>?;FCT;>; J;L;
G;HN?L ; B;LGIHC; MI=C;F -IL ?MM; PCM[I MOLA? OG; =F;MMC@C=;\[I >I MOD?CNI
J;MMCPI ?G A?L;F =IHMN;HN? IO @ILG;F KO? M?GJL? M?LX I "MN;>I JIL M?L I
NCNOF;L >I G;H>;G?HNI JLIC<CNCPI H[I I<M?LP;>I J?FI ;ONIL >I >?FCNI ?
?P?HNO;F J;LNC=OF;L ;=C>?HN;F IO G;N?LC;F KO? M?LX ; J?MMI; H;NOL;F IO
DOL_>C=; IO G?MGI ; =IF?NCPC>;>? KO? MI@L?O ; F?M[I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I >? MO;
NCNOF;LC>;>? +IN?
M? KO? HI ?R?GJFI >I J?=OF;NI ;=CG; >?M=LCNI I "MN;>I
N;G<]G @CAOL;LX JIL MO; >GCHCMNL;\[I -e<FC=; =IGI MOD?CNI J;MMCPI
?P?HNO;F
-?FI KO? M? ?RJbM JI>?GIM MCHN?NCT;L I ?MNO>I >I MOD?CNI J;MMCPI
?G;FAOG;M=IHMNLC\d?M H;M?AOCHN?=IH@ILGC>;>?
NI>;M ;M J?MMI;M PCP;M ;CH>; KO? CH=;J;T?M =CPCFG?HN? JI>?G

M?L MOD?CNI J;MMCPI >? OG >?FCNI CMMI JIL JIMMO_L?G NCNOF;LC>;>? >? >CL?CNIM
KO?JI>?GM?L;PCFN;>IMJ?FI=IG?NCG?HNI>I=LCG?
I @?NI KO? M?AOH>I ; F?C =CPCF DX JIMMOC ; NCNOF;LC>;>? >? >CL?CNIM
JI>? N;G<]G @CAOL;L HI JIFI J;MMCPI >? OG =LCG? I KO? M? NILH; JIO=I
JLIPXP?FHI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L KO?H[I=;JCNOFIOI=LCG?>?;<ILNI
J?MMI;M DOL_>C=;M N;G<]G JI>?G @CAOL;L HI JIFI J;MMCPI >I >?
FCNI G;M ] JL?=CMI KO? J;L; CMMI I NCJI J?H;F H[I L?MNLCHD; ; MOD?C\[I J;MMCP;

; OG; J?MMI; H;NOL;F ?R HI BIGC=_>CI m ;LN >I -* m Ma M? JI>?

G;N;L o;FAO]Gp ;@;MN;H>I
M? ; J?MMI; DOL_>C=; >I JIFI J;MMCPI ; J?MMI;
DOL_>C=; =IGI ?R?GJFI JI>? M?L MOD?CNI J;MMCPI >? @OLNI ;LN >I -*
>;HI;LN>I -*?N=
;CH>; HI KO? M? L?@?L? Y J?MMI; DOL_>C=; G;DILCN;LC;G?HN?
MOMN?HN;
M? H[I JI>?L M?L ?F; MOD?CNI J;MMCPI >? =;FeHC; ?R=?NI KO;H>I @IL
CGJON;>I =LCG? ;G<C?HN;F ? >? CHDeLC; JIL H[I JIMMOCL BIHL; MO<D?NCP;
G;M JI>? HI ?HN;HNI @CAOL;L HI JIFI J;MMCPI >? =LCG? >? >C@;G;\[I ;LN
>I -* JILJIMMOCLBIHL;I<D?NCP;L?JON;\[I <I;@;G;?N=[427]
I GILNI JIL H[I M?L NCNOF;L >? >CL?CNI H[I JI>? M?L MOD?CNI
J;MMCPI >? >?FCNI G;M ;J?H;M I<D?NI G;N?LC;F >?MN? >?P?

M? ;N?HN;L KO? I
;LN g I >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG KO? =LCGCH;FCT; ; =;FeHC; =IHNL; IM
GILNIM ? M?G =ILL?F;NI HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L N?G =IGI MOD?CNI J;MMCPI I
@;GCFC;L IO @;GCFC;L?M >I GILNI JILKO;HNI ; I@?HM; Y J?MMI; @;F?=C>; L?
@F?N??GM?OMJ;L?HN?M
IM ;HCG;CM ? =ICM;M CH;HCG;>;M N;G<]G Ma JI>?G M?L I<D?NIM
G;N?LC;CM >I >?FCNI JICM H[I M[I NCNOF;L?M >? >CL?CNIM HIM =LCG?M KO? ;@?N?G
;HCG;CM IO =ICM;M CH;HCG;>;M IM MOD?CNIM J;MMCPIM M?L[I M?OM JLIJLC?NXLCIM
? ?G=?LNIM=;MIM ;N];JLaJLC;=IF?NCPC>;>?
!?P?
M? I<M?LP;L KO? ; J?MMI; H[I JI>? M?L ;I G?MGI N?GJI
MOD?CNI ;NCPI ? J;MMCPI >I >?FCNI JICM ;M =IH>ON;M I@?HMCP;M =IHNL; ; JLaJLC;
J?MMI; KO;H>I >?@CHC>;M =IGI =LCG?M I@?H>?G CHN?L?MM?M DOL_>C=IM >? ION
LIM JLCH=_JCI >; ;FN?LC>;>? V I =;MI >; ;ONIF?M[I H[I JOHC>; ?G HIMMI
!CL?CNI ;MI =OLCIMI N?GIM HI =LCG? >? LCR; ;LN >I -* ?G KO? I
;A?HN? ] MOD?CNI ;NCPI ?G L?F;\[I ; MO; JLaJLC; =IH>ON; ? MOD?CNI J;MMCPI ?G
L?F;\[IYJ;LNC=CJ;\[I>IMIONLIM[428]
$?L;FG?HN? I MOD?CNI J;MMCPI =ICH=C>? =IG I JL?DO>C=;>I J?FI

=LCG? ?HN?H>C>I ?MN? =IGI KO;FKO?L J?MMI; ; KO?G I =LCG? B;D; =;OM;>I
OG JL?DO_TI G;N?LC;F IO GIL;F 1I>;PC; JI>?G ?RCMNCL MCNO;\d?M ?G KO? I
MOD?CNI J;MMCPI M?LX OG ? I JL?DO>C=;>I IONLI =B;G;>I >? N?L=?CLI JL?DO>C=
;>I J?FI =LCG? IGI ?R?GJFI HI =LCG? >? BIGC=_>CI ;LN >I -* I

MOD?CNI J;MMCPI ] ; J?MMI; KO? N?P? MO; PC>; NOL<;>; G;M IM CHN?AL;HN?M >?
MO;@;G_FC;JI>?GM?L=IHMC>?L;>IMJL?DO>C=;>IMJ?FI>?FCNI[429]
-IL@CG CHAL?MM?GIM;AIL;H;=IH=?CNO;\[I>?I<D?NI>I=LCG?
, objeto do crime ] ;KOCFI ; =ICM; =IHNL; ; KO;F M? >CLCA? ; =IH>ON;
BOG;H; =IH@CAOL;>IL; >I >?FCNI JI>?H>I M?L I<D?NI DOL_>C=I IO I<D?NI

G;N?LC;F
,<D?NI DOL_>C=I ] I <?G IO CHN?L?MM? NON?F;>I J?F; HILG; J?H;F ?G

;HXFCM? -IL P?T?M ?MM? I<D?NI ] CG;N?LC;F =IGI ; BIHL; JIL ?R?GJFI HI
=LCG?>?CHDeLC;;LN>I -*
,<D?NI G;N?LC;F JIL MO; P?T ] ; J?MMI; IO =ICM; MI<L? ; KO;F L?=;C ;
=IH>ON;>IMOD?CNI;NCPI
-I>? ?RCMNCL =LCG? M?G I<D?NI G;N?LC;F =IGI HI =;MI >I @;FMI
N?MN?GOHBI ;LN >I -* ? >I ;NI I<M=?HI ;LN >I -* G;M NI
>IMIM=LCG?MJIMMO?GI<D?NIDOL_>C=I
Tipo penal militar comissivo doloso

&HC=C?GIM JICM J?FI ?MNO>I >I NCJI J?H;F ;KOC =ICH=C>CH>I =IG ;
NCJC=C>;>?F?A;F>?7;@@;LIHC?-C?L;HA?FC
-I>? ?F? JIMMOCL ?F?G?HNIM >?M=LCNCPIM >? @X=CF J?L=?J\[I M?HMILC;F

HILG;NCPIM KO? ?RCA?G P;FIL;\[I DO_TI >? P;FIL[430] ? MO<D?NCPIM KO? M[I
>;>IM >? L?@?L^H=C; JM_KOC=; JIMCNCP;>IM J?FI GI>?FI C>?;F >I F?ACMF;>IL
IHKO;HNI ; =F;L?T; >IONLCHXLC; H?G M?GJL? M? P?LC@CKO? H?MM? M?HNC>I ?H
N?H>?GIM KO? IM >ICM JLCG?CLIM =IGJd?G ; =B;G;>; NCJC=C>;>? I<D?NCP; ?H
KO;HNI IM eFNCGIM CHN?AL;G ;CH>; KO? N?HB;G MC>I JIMCNCP;>IM ; NCJC=C>;>?

MO<D?NCP;
, NCJI MO<D?NCPI IO NCJC=C>;>? MO<D?NCP; ?HNL?N;HNI H[I M? ?MAIN;

HI ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI >I NCJI J?H;F "G P?L>;>? I ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI >I
NCJI ] ;=?MMaLCI H; ;HXFCM? >; NCJC=C>;>? MO<D?NCP; KO? >?P? M?L CHC=C;>; J?F;
P?LC@C=;\[I >I >IFI ?PC>^H=C; >; NCJC=C>;>? MO<D?NCP; JILN;HNI >?GIHMNL;
; =ICH=C>^H=C; >I @;NI G;N?LC;F H;NOL;F_MNC=I =IG ; CHN?H\[I IO PIHN;>? >I

;A?HN? ?PC>?H=C;H>I
M? I >IFI J?LG?;>I JIL ?F?G?HNIM IONLIM >? L?@?L^H
=C; JM_KOC=; =IHMN;HN?M >; >?M=LC\[I J?H;F MMCG ?R?GJFC@C=;NCP;G?HN? HI

>?FCNI >? JL?P;LC=;\[I ;LN >I - =IGI ; F?C J?H;F =IGOG ;J?H;M I
JL?PCO >? @ILG; >IFIM; P?LC@C=;
M? JLCG?CLI M? BIOP? >IFI >?M=;LN;H>I
M?
NI>; ? KO;FKO?L =IH>ON; =OFJIM; MIG?HN? ;JaM ?MM; P?LC@C=;\[I ] KO? M?
<OM=; I JL??H=BCG?HNI >? ?F?G?HNIM MO<D?NCPIM ?MJ?=_@C=IM AL;@;>IM HI NCJI
J?H;F =IGI ; M;NCM@;\[I >? OG M?HNCG?HNI J?MMI;F ,=ILL? KO? ?MM; ;HXFCM?
?R?GJFC@C=;>; HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG JILN;HNI ;NL?F;>; ;I @CH;FCMGI N;G
<]G >?P? I=ILL?L G;HN?H>I HIMM; =I?L^H=C; >? L;=CI=_HCI HI a>CAI -?H;F
*CFCN;L N;G<]G I ;LN +IN?
M? KO? ;>?LCH>I ;I =;OM;FCMGI >I a>CAI
-?H;F *CFCN;L I >IFI M?LC; ;H;FCM;>I ?G eFNCGI ;JILN? H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>?
>?P?H>I
M? P?LC@C=;L ; NCJC=C>;>? M?G ; JL?M?H\; >I >IFI IO >; =OFJ; I KO? ]
JL;NC=;G?HN? CGJIMM_P?F ?G >?FCNIM KO? JIMMO;G ?F?G?HNIM MO<D?NCPIM AL;@;
>IM HI NCJI MIFO\[I G;CM =I?L?HN? L;NC@C=;GIM ] ; ;HXFCM? N_JC=; >IM NCJIM
J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M N;F KO;F JLIJd? I @CH;FCMGI G?MGI JILKO? ; F?C J?H;F GCFCN
;LH[I=IH=?CNOIO=LCG?;H;FCNC=;G?HN?
B?A;
M? >?MM;LN? ; OG; JLCG?CL; =IH=FOM[I >?=ILL?HN? >I DX ?R
JIMNI KO;F M?D; ; >? KO? JIL NCJC=C>;>? >?P?

M? ?HN?H>?L ; J?L@?CN; MO<MOH
\[I >I @;NI G;N?LC;F Y >?M=LC\[I J?H;F ?RJL?MM; IO CGJF_=CN; "G IONL;M
J;F;PL;M ;F=;H\;
M? ; NCJC=C>;>? =IG ; M;NCM@;\[I >I NCJI I<D?NCPI ? >I NCJI
MO<D?NCPI =IHMN;HN?M >? OG GI>?FI NCJIFaAC=I CG;ACH;>I J?FI F?ACMF;>IL ?
?@?NCP;G?HN? JIMCNCP;>I HI IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I OGJL? HIN;L KO? ?MM;
MO<MOH\[I JI>? M?L >CL?N; L?MNLCHACH>I
M? ;I NCJI >?M=LCNI H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F
IO CH>CL?N; NL;>OTC>; =IGI ;>OT *CL;<?N?[431] JIL OG; NCJC=C>;>? =;L?
=?>IL; >? =IGJF?G?HNI JIL IONL; HILG; =IHNC>; H; -;LN? $?L;F >IM a>CAIM
?A N?HN;NCP; =IH=OLMI>?;A?HN?M?N=
'OMN;G?HN? H?MM? JIHNI C>?HNC@C=;GIM OG; MCHAOF;LC>;>? >IM NCJIM
J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M JILKO;HNI pode-se afirmar que todos os crimes militares

que possuam idntica tipificao na legislao penal comum (art. 9 o , II, do
CPM) se caracterizam por uma tipicidade indireta IO ;>?KO;\[I N_JC=; >?
MO<IL>CH;\[I mediata V >CT?L KO? N;CM =LCG?M JL?PCMNIM H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F
>I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =;L?=?G J;L; MO; J?L@?CN; NCJC@C=;\[I >?

=IGJF?G?HN;\[I >; -;LN? $?L;F >I G?MGI Cdex +?MM? M?HNC>I ;M FC\d?M >?
0=;L;H=?
o"R;GCH;H>I
M? IM NL^M CH=CMIM >I ;LN I J?L=?<?
M? KO? IM =LCG?M
GCFCN;L?M M[I >? NCJC@C=;\[I >CL?N; ? NCJC@C=;\[I CH>CL?N; 0?AOH>I I CH= &
J;L; IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M JLaJLCIM <;MN; ; >?M=LC\[I N_JC=; >; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F
N?G
M? ;_ =LCG?M >? NCJC@C=;\[I >CL?N; *;M IM =LCG?M CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN
;L?M ?RCA?G J;L; MO; NCJC@C=;\[I ;F]G >IM ?F?G?HNIM >?M=LCNIM H; -;LN?
"MJ?=C;F IONLIM >;>IM KO? =IHMN;G >;M ;F_H?;M >I CH= && 1;G<]G M[I >?
NCJC@C=;\[I CH>CL?N; IM =LCG?M >I CH= &&& =;L;=N?LCT;>IM J?F; =IHDOA;\[I >IM
?F?G?HNIM >; >?M=LC\[I N_JC=; >; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F =IG IM ?F?G?HNIM KO? I CH
=CMI=IHN?GJF;p[432]
j AOCM; >? ?R?GJFI <OMKO?GIM OG >?FCNI KO? JIMMO; C>^HNC=; NCJC
@C=;\[I H; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG ? GCFCN;L I =LCG? >? BIGC=_>CI ?MNX JL?P
CMNI HI ;LN >I -* ? HI ;LN >I - J;L; ;N?H>?L Y NCJC=C>;>? ?RCAC>;
HI a>CAI ;MNL?HM? I @;NI JL;NC=;>I >?P? ;JL?M?HN;L ;FAOG; >;M =CL=OH
MNZH=C;M ?HOG?L;>;M H;M ;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >I G?MGI >CJFIG;
?G IONL;M J;F;PL;M I BIGC=_>CI =LCG? GCFCN;L M?LX =IH@CAOL;>I KO;H>I OG

GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; G;N;L IONLI GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I
KO;H>I OG GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; G;N;L OG CH;NCPI ?G FI=;F MOD?CNI Y >GCHCM
NL;\[I *CFCN;L ;F_H?; b >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I IO ;CH>; KO;H>I OG GCFCN;L
>; ;NCP; ?MN;H>I ?G M?LPC\I IO ?G L;T[I >?F? ;ACH>I G;N;L OG CH;NCPI
;F_H?; c >ICH=CMI&&>I;LN I [433]
IGI L?AL; IM ?F?G?HNIM KO? =IGJF?G?HN;G ; NCJC=C>;>? >; -;LN?

$?L;F M[I >? IL>?G HILG;NCP; JILKO;HNI ?RCA?G P;FIL;\[I >I IJ?L;>IL >I
!CL?CNI IO M?D; ?HN?H>?L M? I GCFCN;L ?MNX HI M?LPC\I ;NCPI IO H[I JIL ?R?G
JFI L?KO?L >?NC>; ;HXFCM? ? H?G M?GJL? ; L?MJIMN; ] N[I MCGJF?M >?J?H>
?H>I >? =IH=?CNO;\[I ?RNL;J?H;F GCFCN;L =IGI HI =;MI >I ;AL?A;>I MMCG
N;G<]G I M[I I lugar sujeito Administrao Militar I estar em servio
?N=
,ONLI JIHNI CHN?L?MM;HN? ; ?MM? L?MJ?CNI L?JIOM; H; =IHM?KO^H=C;
>; =IH=FOM[I J?F; H[I ?RCMN^H=C; >?MM?M ?F?G?HNIM HILG;NCPIM KO? >C@?L?

MO<MN;H=C;FG?HN? >I KO? I=ILL? HI !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG *;CM OG; P?T L?
=ILL?GIM ;I ?R?GJFI ?G OG =LCG? >? @OLNI =OD; NCJC@C=;\[I F?A;F =IHN]G I

?F?G?HNI HILG;NCPI o;FB?C;p KO;FC>;>? H?=?MMXLC; >; =ICM; MO<NL;_>; J;L;
KO? I >?FCNI M? P?LC@CKO? ; =IHMN;N;\[I H?A;NCP; CMNI ] ; P?LC@C=;\[I >? KO? ;
=ICM; ?L; >I JLaJLCI ;ONIL JI>? >?M=F;MMC@C=;L I >?FCNI IO ;N] G?MGI NILH;L ;
=IH>ON; ;N_JC=; DX HI =;MI >IM elementos normativos complementares =IG
; P^HC; >I H?IFIACMGI ; =IHM?KO^H=C; ?G L?AL; ] ; =IH@CAOL;\[I >I >?FCNI
=ILL?MJIH>?HN? H; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG IO M?D; ;I M? =IHMN;N;L KO? I
BIGC=_>CI @IC JL;NC=;>I =IHNL; OG =CPCF JIL ?R?GJFI ? ?G H[I B;P?H>I ;
=IH=IGCNZH=C; >;M =IH>C\d?M ?HOG?L;>;M H;M ;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I
>I -* ;=IH>ON;?H=IHNL;LXMO<MOH\[IHI;LN>I -
"MM; =IHMNLO\[I @IG?HN; IONL; >CM=OMM[I J;FJCN;HN? ;AIL; ;@?N; Y

H?=?MMC>;>? >? =IHB?=CG?HNI >IM ?F?G?HNIM >I NCJI J?FI ;ONIL J;L; KO? I
>IFI M? P?LC@CKO? ?G MO; JF?HCNO>? $O;L>;L?GIM ; >CM=OMM[I J;L; I GI
G?HNI?GKO?NL;N;LGIM>I>IFI
-ICM <?G PCGIM KO? ; NCJC=C>;>? M? ;F=;H\; =IG ; MO<MOH\[I >;
=IH>ON; @XNC=; ;I GI>?FI ;<MNL;NI C>?;FCT;>I J?FI F?ACMF;>IL IO M?D; ;I NCJI

J?H;F MO<MOH\[I JIL]G >?P? >;L
M? N;HNI ?G L?F;\[I ;I NCJI I<D?NCPI
=IGI;INCJIMO<D?NCPI
-IL J;L;>IR;F KO? JIMM; J;L?=?L I NCJI F?A;F JIMMOC ?F?G?HNIM KO?
H[I M[I ;J?H;M >? IL>?G I<D?NCP; >?M=LCNCPIM G;M N;G<]G >? IL>?G
HILG;NCP; ? MO<D?NCP; "HMCH; CN?H=IOLN[434] KO? ;I @L;=CIH;L I NCJI I<
D?NCPI N?L_;GIM OG >;>I =?HNL;F HO=F?;L =B;G;>I He=F?I >I NCJI =;L;=N?L
CT;>I JIL OG; =IH>ON; =IGCMMCP; IO IGCMMCP; 1;F >;>I ?PC>?H=C;>I JIL OG
P?L; J?FI NCJI ;<
MNL;NI =IGI L?AL; OG ?F?G?HNI >?M=LCNCPI OG; P?T KO? J?L=?JN_P?F J?FIM
M?HNC>IM=IGIDXM??M=F;L?=?O;=CG;
F]G >I He=F?I BX ;CH>; IONLIM >;>IM KO? M;NCM@;T?G ; NCJC=C>;>?

I<D?NCP; =B;G;>IM J?FI G?MGI >IONLCH;>IL >? secundrios IM KO;CM =;L;=
N?LCT;G =IH>C\d?M ; M?L?G M;NCM@?CN;M J;L; KO? M? P?LC@CKO? ; MO<MOH\[I ?G

JLCG?CLI JF;HI IGI ?F?G?HNIM IO >;>IM M?=OH>XLCIM >; NCJC=C>;>?

I<D?NCP; ?HOG?L;G
M? I ;ONIL >; ;\[I IO IGCMM[I I L?MOFN;>I ? I H?RI
=;OM;F
J?H;M J;L; >?GIHMNL;L ; =IGJF?RC>;>? >I N?G; NIG?

M? I ;ONIL
>; ;\[I =IGI ?R?GJFI CH>; KO? M?D; CHN?AL;HN? >; NCJC=C>;>? I<D?NCP; H?G
NI>IM IM NCJIM J?H;CM I =IHMCAH;G ?RJL?MM;G?HN? ?RCACH>I KO;FC>;>?M ?MJ?
=C;CM KO;H>I I @;T?G L?KO?L?G >I IJ?L;>IL OG DO_TI >? P;FIL OG; ;HXFCM?
;=OL;>; J;L; KO? M? P?LC@CKO? >? @;NI +I =;MI >IM =LCG?M JL;NC=;>IM JIL @OH
=CIHXLCI Je<FC=I =IHNL; ; >GCHCMNL;\[I -e<FC=; JIL ?R?GJFI >?P?LX I DOF
A;>IL IO IONLI IJ?L;>IL KO? >?P; =F;MMC@C=;L ; =IH>ON; ?G OG NCJI J?H;F
;P;FC;L M? I ;A?HN? ] @OH=CIHXLCI Je<FC=I IO H[I -ILN;HNI ?G L?AL; ;
?RCA^H=C; ?RJL?MM; >? =IH>C\[I ?MJ?=_@C=; >? OG MOD?CNI ;NCPI =LCG? JLaJLCI
=IH@CAOL;
M?>;>IHILG;NCPI>;NCJC=C>;>?I<D?NCP;
"MM; =CL=OHMNZH=C; ] N;G<]G P?LC@C=;>; H; G;CILC; >IM =LCG?M GCF
CN;L?M JL;NC=XP?CM JIL GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; IO JIL GCFCN;L CH;NCPI KO?L ?MN?D;G
?F?M MIG?HN? HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO?L ?MN?D;G N;G<]G H; F?ACMF;\[I
J?H;F =IGOG /?=ILL;GIM G;CM OG; P?T ;IM ?R?GJFIM ; HI BIGC=_>CI
=LCG? GCFCN;L JL;NC=;>I JIL GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IHNL; GCFCN;L N;G<]G ?G
;NCPC>;>? N;HNI I MOD?CNI ;NCPI KO;HNI I J;MMCPI M[I ?MJ?=_@C=IM I KO? ?RCA?
JICM OG; P;FIL;\[I J;L; ; MO<MOH\[I M?H>I JILN;HNI ?F?G?HNIM HILG;NCPIM
>I NCJI F?A;F I MI< ; LO<LC=; violncia contra superior
?RCA? CAO;FG?HN? OG ?R?L=_=CI P;FIL;NCPI J;L; KO? M? C>?HNC@CKO?G MO<IL
>CH;>I ;AL?MMIL ? MOJ?LCIL ;AL?>C>I FIAI ?F?G?HNIM HILG;NCPIM = HIM

=LCG?M JL;NC=XP?CM JIL CH;NCPIM L?@ILG;>IM IO >; L?M?LP; ?G HIMMI ?H
N?H>?L MIG?HN? L?GOH?L;>; ; =IH>C\[I >? CH;NCPI ?RCA? P;FIL;\[I JILN
;HNI ?F?G?HNIHILG;NCPI
F]G >IM ?F?G?HNIM >?M=LCNCPIM ? HILG;NCPIM I NCJI F?A;F JI>? ;J
L?M?HN;L ?F?G?HNIM MO<D?NCPIM KO? =IGJd?G ; NCJC=C>;>? MO<D?NCP; ;CH>;

KO??MN?D;GJIMCNCP;>IM
V >? HIN;L KO? I ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI ?RJL?MMI HI NCJI KO;H>I ?RCMN
?HN? ] JL?=XLCI H[I L?P?F;>IL JIL MC Ma >I >IFI ?G NI>; MO; =IGJF?RC>;>? V
;J?H;M OG >;>I ;=?MMaLCI J;L; JL??H=BCG?HNI >; NCJC=C>;>? MO<D?NCP; In

exemplis JL;NC=;LX @OLNI ;J?H;M ;KO?F? KO? N?HB; ; JIMM? >; =ICM; MO<NL;_>;
IO KO? @IG?HN? N;F JIMM? JIL IONL?G >? N;F @ILG; KO? M? L?P?F? ;I IJ?L;>IL
KO? ; CHN?H\[I ?L; @C=;L =IG ; res furtiva IO ?HNL?AX
F; ; OG N?L=?CLI +IN?
M? KO? N;F ?F?G?HNI H[I L?P?F; I ZHCGI >I ;A?HN? HI GIG?HNI >; JLXNC=; >;
=IH>ON; HO=F?;L M?H>I H?=?MMXLC; ;HXFCM? JILG?HILCT;>; >; CHN?H\[I >I
;A?HN? J;L;KO?M??PC>?H=C?JIL=IGJF?NII>IFI
CH>; KO? PIFN?GIM ; @;F;L HI ;MMOHNI >?P?

M? ;F?LN;L KO? HIM N?L
GIM >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I >I -* NI>IM IM >?FCNIM JL;NC=;>IM JIL CH;NCPIM
L?@ILG;>I IO >; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; ? JIL =CPCM ?MM; BCJaN?M? MIG?HN?
PCXP?F J;L; IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L #?>?L;F
KO? JI>? >C@?L?HN?G?HN? >;M 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M "MN;>O;CM JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L
=CPCM ?RCA?G OG ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI KO;F M?D; ; CHN?H\[I >? =IG ; =IH>ON;
>?FCNCP; ;NCHACL;JLaJLC;CHMNCNOC\[IGCFCN;L
0OLA? JICM =IG N;CM ?F?G?HNIM ; M?AOH>; @;=?N; >; NCJC=C>;>? HIN
;>;G?HN? ; NCJC=C>;>? MO<D?NCP; -I>? ?F; M?L ?MNO>;>; =IGI DX MOM=CN;GIM

?G >ICM H_P?CM IO MI< ; =IGJL??HM[I >? >ICM ?F?G?HNIM &HC=C;FG?HN? OG
?F?G?HNI A?L;F I >IFI ? JIL P?T?M OG ?F?G?HNI ?MJ?=C;F KO? =IGJILN; CH
N?H\d?M ?MJ?=_@C=;M ? ;M N?H>^H=C;M ?R;N;G?HN? I >;>I MO<D?NCPI HI NCJI

F?A;F
+I J;MM;>I Y ]JI=; CH=FOMCP? >I MOLACG?HNI >I ;NO;F -* N_H
B;GIM ; L?@?L^H=C; ;I >IFI A?H]LC=I ? ;I ?MJ?=_@C=I BID? @;F;

M? ?G >IFI IO
?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI A?L;F ? ?G ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI ?MJ?=C;F >I CHDOMNI IG

?@?CNI ?G >?N?LGCH;>IM =LCG?M I ?F?G?HNI ;=C>?HN;F IO ?MJ?=C;F ?RCA? ;
?PC>^H=C; >I animus agendi J;L; KO? B;D; ; MO<MOH\[I "R?GJFC@C=;NCP;
G?HN? ;I JL?M?H=C;L OG CH>CP_>OI <LOM=; ? PCIF?HN;G?HN? ;LL;MN;H>I OG;

;>IF?M=?HN? J;L; OG P?_=OFI H[I M? JI>? >?@CHCL KO;F I NCJI ;>?KO;>I M?G
KO?B;D;;L?P?F;\[I>IZHCGI>I;ONIL
B?A;GIM ?HN[I ;I CH?<LC;HN? ?MNO>I >I >IFI =IGI CHN?AL;HN? >;

NCJC=C>;>? CMMI HI GI>?FI @CH;FCMN; KO? JLIJIGIM M?L ;JFC=;>I N;G<]G ;IM
=LCG?M GCFCN;L?M -;L; IM KO? JL?@?L?G ; ;JFC=;\[I JOL; ? MCGJF?M >I

=;OM;FCMGI I ?MNO>I >I >IFI ;>P?LNCGIM >?P?LC; PCL ;NL?F;>I ;I ?MNO>I >;
=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
+; <OM=; >I ;J?L@?C\I;G?HNI >; NCJC=C>;>? IO >; N?ILC; >I NCJI
=B?AIO
M? H; >IAGXNC=; ;NO;F Y ;HO^H=C; >? KO? J;L; B;P?L ; NCJC=C>;>?
MO<D?NCP; HIM =LCG?M >IFIMIM >?P? ?RCMNCL NIN;F =IGJL??HM[I @XNC=; =IHB?=C
G?HNI ?R;NI >;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M H?=?MMXLC;M Y =IGJIMC\[I >I NCJI J?H;F MI<
J?H; >? I ;A?HN? CH=C>CL ?G ?LLI DOL_>C=I

J?H;F !?MM; @ILG; JL?PCMd?M ION
LIL; MOMN?HN;>;M J?F; N?ILC; =FXMMC=; =;OM;FCMGI M[I BID? CH=IH=?<_P?CM

CT;LL;M MCNO;\d?M JI>?G NIG;L =ILJI =IGI I ?R?GJFI NL;TC>I JIL 'ILA?
F<?LNI /IG?CLI ;I ;H;FCM;L I ?LLI >? >CL?CNI HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L I KO?
=IG?HN;L?GIM;>C;HN? ?G;<IL>;A?G?MJ?=_@C=;
0OG;LCT;H>I JI>?
M? >CT?L KO? >IFI ] ; =IHM=C^H=C; >IM ?F?G?HNIM
=;L;=N?LCT;>IL?M >I NCJI J?H;F ? ; PIHN;>? >? JL??H=B^
FIM IO =IGI GOCNI
<?G MCHN?NCT; CN?H=IOLN o>IFI ] ; PIHN;>? >? L?;FCT;L I NCJI I<D?NCPI ILC
?HN;>; J?FI =IHB?=CG?HNI >? MO;M ?F?G?HN;L?M HI =;MI =IH=L?NIp[435] +IM

>CT?L?M >? CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM o>IFI =IH@ILG? =IH=?CNI A?H?L;FCT;>I ] ;
PIHN;>? =IHM=C?HN? >? L?;FCT;L OG =LCG? IO G;CM N?=HC=;G?HN? I NCJI I<
D?NCPI >? OG =LCG? N;G<]G >?@CH_P?F =IGI M;<?L ? KO?L?L ?G L?F;\[I YM =CL
=OHMNZH=C;M >? @;NI >I NCJI F?A;F MMCG I >IFI ] =IGJIMNI >? OG ?F?G?HNI
CHN?F?=NO;F =IHM=C^H=C; HI M?HNC>I >? L?JL?M?HN;\[I JM_KOC=; ? >? OG ?F?
G?HNI PIFCNCPI PIHN;>? HI M?HNC>I >? >?=CM[I >? ;ACL =IGI @;NIL?M @ILG
;>IL?M>;;\[IN_JC=;>IFIM;[436]
V J;=_@C=I JILN;HNI KO? I >IFI H;NOL;F ;F=;H\;>I ?G ?MNXACI ?PIF
ONCPI >I @CH;FCMGI ] =IGJIMNI >? >ICM ?F?G?HNIM OG =IAHCNCPI IO CHN?F?=
NO;F KO? M? >CMNCHAO? J?FI =IHB?=CG?HNI ;NO;F HI GIG?HNI >; ;\[I ?
=IGJF?NI >;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M @XNC=;M ;@?N;M ;IM ?F?G?HNIM I<D?NCPIM ? HILG
;NCPIM CHN?AL;HN?M >I NCJI J?H;F N;G<]G =B;G;>I >? L?JL?M?HN;\[I HI
M?HNC>I >? JL?PCM[I IONLI PIFCNCPI =;L;=N?LCT;>I J?F; PIHN;>? >? L?;FCT;L ;
=IH>ON;N_JC=;"MN?JL?MMOJd?;KO?F?
!?P?
M? >?MN;=;L KO? H[I ] H?=?MMXLCI HI JLCG?CLI ?F?G?HNI B;P?L
?HN?H>CG?HNI >; CFC=CNO>? >; =IH>ON; <;MN; ?RCMNCL ; =IGJL??HM[I @XNC=; >?

=CL=OHMNZH=C;M KO? M[I ?F?G?HN;L?M >I NCJI J?H;F >IFI JOL;G?HN? JMC=IFaAC
=I IO H;NOL;F >?MJLIPC>I >? P;FIL;\[I "MM; =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? KO?

HI =;OM;FCMGI H?I=FXMMC=I >I -* =IGJOHB; I >IFI HILG;NCPI JILKO;HNI
?RCAC; OG DO_TI >? P;FIL @IC =IG I @CH;FCMGI L?G?NC>; J;L; ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>?
<;MN;H>IM?LJIN?H=C;F ?H[I?@?NCP; =IGIM??RCA?>IM?F?G?HNIM>INCJI
-;L; M?>CG?HN;L JLIPC>?H=C;F =CN;L ; FC\[I >? /?ACM -L;>I ? CN?H
=IOLN[437] ;I M?HN?H=C;L?G KO? ; =IHM=C^H=C; ;<L;HA? ; oL?;FCT;\[I >IM

?F?G?HNIM >?M=LCNCPIM ? HILG;NCPIM >I H?RI =;OM;F ? >I ?P?HNI >?FCNIM G;
N?LC;CM >; F?M[I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I >IM ?F?G?HNIM >; ;ONILC; ? >; J;LNC=CJ;\[I
>IM ?F?G?HNIM I<D?NCPIM >;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ;AL;P;HN?M ? ;N?HO;HN?M KO?
MOJd?G OG; G;CIL IO G?HIL AL;PC>;>? >I CHDOMNI NCJI KO;FC@C=;>I IO JLCP
CF?AC;>I ? >IM ?F?G?HNIM ;=C>?HN;CM >I NCJI I<D?NCPIp LL?G;N; CN?H=IOLN

KO? H[I Ma IM ?F?G?HNIM JIMCNCPIM >?P?G M?L =IHB?=C>IM G;M N;G<]G IM caracteres negativos ? A oM?G FC=?H\; >; ;ONILC>;>? =IGJ?N?HN?p oM?G =IH
M?HNCG?HNI >? KO?G >? >CL?CNIp ?N= MI< J?H; >? H[I ;J?L@?C\I;G?HNI >I
>IFI[438]
"G @;=? >I ?RJIMNI ?HN?H>?GIM ;AIL; M?L J?LNCH?HN? ; PIFN; ;I
=;MI MOJL;=CN;>I HI NI=;HN? ;I =IHB?=CG?HNI >IM ?F?G?HNIM HILG;NCPIM
NL;TC>IM J?F; -;LN? $?L;F >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L PCM[I KO? M? MOMN?HN;
BI>C?LH;G?HN? ] ; >? KO? IM =CN;>IM ?F?G?HNIM H[I M[I ?RCAC>IM =IGI L?J
L?M?HN;>IM J?FI MOD?CNI ;NCPI J;L; KO? M? P?LC@CKO? I =LCG? GCFCN;L 1;F
CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;MM?HN;
M? JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? HI KO? >CMJd? I ;LN & >I a>CAI
;MNL?HM?
oLN!?CR;G>?M?L?F?G?HNIM=IHMNCNONCPIM>I=LCG?
& m ; KO;FC>;>? >? MOJ?LCIL IO ; >? CH@?LCIL KO;H>I H[I =IHB?=C>;
>I;A?HN?p
"MM? >CMJIMCNCPI N?G F?P;>I Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? =IG ?R=?\[I >;
KO;FC>;>? >? MOJ?LCIL ? >? CH@?LCIL KO;H>I H[I =IHB?=C>; >I ;A?HN? IONLIM
?F?G?HNIM H[I >?P?G M?L P;FIL;>IM J;L; =IH@CAOL;\[I >I =LCG? GCFCN;L OG;
P?T KO? =IHNCHO;G ; M?L ?F?G?HNIM =IHMNCNONCPIM >I =LCG? ;CH>; KO? I
MOD?CNI;NCPIIM>?M=IHB?\;

1;F F?CNOL; >?P? M?L L?PCMN; HIM =LCG?M >IFIMIM &HC=C;FG?HN? L?M
M;FN;GIM KO? I >CMJIMCNCPI ?G @;=? >; ;NO;F =IH=?J\[I >? NCJC=C>;>? ] >?M
JC=C?H>I PCMNI KO? M? I ;ONIL ? A H[I M;<? NL;N;L

M? >? MOJ?LCIL H[I JI>?
M?L ;J?H;>I JIL PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; MOJ?LCIL &MMI ] a<PCI ;I M? ;=?CN;L ; ?MNLO
NOL;<CP;F?HN?>I>IFI =;L;=N?LCT;>IJIL?F?G?HNI=IAHCNCPI?PIFCNCPI
!? IONLI F;>I ; ?R=FOM[I H[I JI>? M?L L?MNLCN; ;IM =;MIM >? MOJ?LC
ILC>;>? ? CH@?LCILC>;>? BC?LXLKOC=; IO @OH=CIH;F JILKO;HNI ; ?MNLONOL; ;J
L?M?HN;>; M?LC; CH=I?L?HN? OMKO?GIM >?GIHMNL;L JIL G?CI >? ?R?GJFI

?FO=C>;NCPI OG GCFCN;L ?MN;>O;F ?G =;M; HINOLH; >?FC<?L;>;G?HN? ;ALC>?
IONL?G M?G =IHB?=?L MO; =IH>C\[I N;G<]G >? GCFCN;L ?MN;>O;F ?F?G?HNI
HILG;NCPI >I NCJI F?A;F =IGJF?G?HN;>I J?F; -;LN? $?L;F >I -* ?MJ?
=C@C=;G?HN? H; ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I J?F; =ILL?HN? BID? PCA?HN? I
=LCG? M?LC; ; >?MJ?CNI >I >?M=IHB?=CG?HNI >; =IH>C\[I >; P_NCG; GCFCN;L
F?P;>I ;I @ILI =;MNL?HM? I KO? HIM J;L?=? =IHNLXLCI Y =IHN?GJILZH?; N?ILC;
>I >IFI HIN?
M? KO? H[I M? JL?N?H>? ; ;NCJC=C>;>? >I @;NI ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN?
;NCJC=C>;>? MO<D?NCP; G;M N[I Ma ; ;NCJC=C>;>? =IGI =LCG? GCFCN;L ; >?M
=F;MMC@C=;\[I >? =LCG? GCFCN;L J;L; =LCG? =IGOG JI>? MCAHC@C=;L HINXP?F <?
H?@_=CI ;I MOD?CNI ;NCPI KO? JI>? M?L @;PIL?=C>I =IG IM >CMJIMCNCPIM ;@?NIM
;IM 'OCT;>IM "MJ?=C;CM LCGCH;CM DX KO? ; ;JFC=;\[I >;M F?CM ?MJ?=_@C=;M HI
@ILIGCFCN;LH[I]J;=_@C=;
"G L?MOGI ?HN?H>?GIM KO? ?MNX H; BIL; >? OG; AOCH;>;

>IONLCHXLC; N?H>I =IGI L;TIXP?F ; ;<IL>;A?G ?RJIMN; I KO? HOH=; @IC
F?P;>I;M]LCIJ?FIMIJ?L;>IL?M>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
-LIMM?AOCH>I HI ?MNO>I >I >IFI ; >IAGXNC=; J?H;F ?PIFOCO H; MO;

?RJFIL;\[I JILG?HILCT;>; =B?A;H>I Y =IH=?J\[I >? >O;M ?MJ]=C?M
?KOCJ;L;>;M ?G HIMMI IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I
J?H;F I >IFI >CL?NI ? I ?P?HNO
;F *OCNI ?G<IL; ; =IHM?KO^H=C; J?H;F M?D; ; G?MG; HIM N?LGIM >I KO?
JL?PÎ;LN & >I -* BXKO?>C@?L?H=C;LOG>IIONLI
3?LC@C=;
M? I >IFI >CL?NI IO CG?>C;NI KO;H>I I ;A?HN? KO?L ?R;N;
G?HN? I L?MOFN;>I DOL_>C=I ;F=;H\;>I KO? ] N_JC=I +?MM? M?HNC>I I ;A?HN?

L?;FCT; OG; JLID?\[I @ONOL; J;L; ; I<N?H\[I >I L?MOFN;>I M?F?=CIH; IM G?CIM

;>?KO;>IM ? L?NILH; ;I GIG?HNI JL?M?HN? J;L; CHC=C;L ; =IH>ON; >CLCAC>;

J?FI L?MOFN;>I JLID?N;>I *;CM OG; P?T =CN;H>I CN?H=IOLN I >IFI >CL?NI
=IGJd?
M? >? NL^M ;MJ?=NIM o ; L?JL?M?HN;\[I >I L?MOFN;>I >IM G?CIM H?
=?MMXLCIM ? >;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M M?=OH>XLC;M I KO?L?L I L?MOFN;>I <?G

=IGI IM G?CIM ?M=IFBC>IM J;L; ; MO; =IHM?=O\[I I ;HOCL H; L?;FCT;\[I >;M
=IHM?KO^H=C;M JL?PCMN;M =IGI =?LN;M H?=?MMXLC;M IO JIMM_P?CM >?=ILL?HN?M
>I OMI >IM G?CIM ?M=IFBC>IM J;L; ;NCHACL I @CG JLIJIMNI IO >; @ILG; >? ONCF
CT;\[I >?MM?M G?CIMp[439] -LIMM?AO? I G?MNL? ?HMCH;H>I KO? ?G L?F;\[I

;I @CG JLIJIMNI ? ;IM G?CIM ?M=IFBC>IM ] I >IFI >? JLCG?CLI AL;O ?HKO;HNI
I L?F;NCPI ;IM ?@?CNIM =IF;N?L;CM L?JL?M?HN;>IM =IGI H?=?MMXLCIM I >? M?
AOH>IAL;OIO>IFI>?=IHM?KO^H=C;MH?=?MMXLC;M
"R?GJFC@C=;H>I M? A >?M?D; G;N;L B ? L?JL?M?HN;H>I I L?MOFN;>I

M?F?=CIH; ; ONCFCT;\[I >? ;LN?@;NI ?RJFIMCPI KO? NL;LX =IGI =IHM?KO^H=C;
M?=OH>XLC; H?=?MMXLC; ; GILN? >? C ? D KO? NL;<;FB;G JIL ?R?GJFI H;
G?MG; M;F; >; P_NCG; ?G JIN?H=C;F ;I ?R?=ON;L ; =IH>ON; N_JC=; I @;LX >I
FIM;G?HN? ?G L?F;\[I YM NL^M P_NCG;M ?PC>?H=C;H>I

M? I >IFI >CL?NI ?G NI>IM
IM CF_=CNIM >? JLCG?CLI AL;O ?G L?F;\[I ; B ? >? M?AOH>I AL;O ?G L?F;\[I ; C
? DV;L?F;\[I>?H?=?MMC>;>?>IL?MOFN;>IKO?=;L;=N?LCT;LXI>IFI>CL?NI
'X HI >IFI ?P?HNO;F I ;A?HN? H[I <OM=; >CL?N;G?HN? I L?MOFN;>I

DOL_>C=I JIL]G ;HOC ?G MO; JLI>O\[I ;=?CN;H>I
I =IGI JIMM_P?F ? ;N]
JLIPXP?F I KO? H[I I @;T I<MN;L ; =IH>ON; ;AL?MMIL; +[I BX JLID?\[I J;L;
M?F?=CIH;L I =;GCHBI ; M?L M?AOC>I G;M OG; JLID?\[I KO? J?LGCN? ; =IG
JL??HM[I >;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M JIMM_P?CM +[I <;MN; ; =IHM=C^H=C; >; JLI<;<CF
C>;>? >? KO? I L?MOFN;>I M? IJ?L? N?ILC; >; JLI<;<CFC>;>? ] CH>CMJ?HMXP?F

OG?F?G?HNIPIFCNCPI=IG;;MMOH\[I>ILCM=I>?JLI>OTCLIL?MOFN;>I
0CHN?NCT;H>I
G;CM
OG;
P?T
?HMCH;
G;ACMNL;FG?HN?
CN?H
=IOLN[440] KO? I >IFI >CL?NI ] ; PIHN;>? JIL =;OM; >I L?MOFN;>I ?HKO;HNI I
>IFI?P?HNO;F];PIHN;>?;J?M;L>IL?MOFN;>I
+IM N?LGIM >I DX =CN;>I ;LN I HIMMI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;>IN;
J;L; I >IFI >CL?NI ; teoria da vontade M?AOH>I ; KO;F J;L; ?@?NCP;L I >IFI
<;MN; KO? I ;A?HN? >CLCD; MO; ;\[I IO IGCMM[I ?G OG =;GCHBI ;>?KO;>I

J;L; ; I<N?H\[I >I L?MOFN;>I N_JC=I +I =;MI >I >IFI ?P?HNO;F NI>;PC; I
a>CAI ;MNL?HM? JXNLCI ;>INIO ; teoria do consentimento >? ;=IL>I =IG ;
KO;F J;L; KO? M? ?PC>?H=C? I >IFI <;MN; KO? I L?MOFN;>I N_JC=I J;MM? J?F;
C>?C; >I ;A?HN? ? =IG ?MM? >;>I ?G G?HN? ?F? =IH=IL>? ?G JLI>OTCL ; F?M[I
;I<?GDOL_>C=I
OGJL? F?G<L;L KO? ;FAOHM >IONLCH;>IL?M ?HR?LA;G ONCFC>;>? H;
M?J;L;\[I >I >IFI ;FN?LH;NCPI KO? JI>? HI ?HN?H>CG?HNI >? CLCHI >IM
0;HNIM P?LC@C=;L
M? ?G NI>;M ;M ?MJ]=C?M =CN;>;M >? >IFI , CFOMNL? J?H;FCMN;
?R?GJFC@C=; ; A ;NCL; ?G B J;L; G;N;L IO MCGJF?MG?HN? @?LCL < A ;NCL;
J;L; G;N;L B IO J?FI G?HIM I =;=BILLI >? B = A ;NCL; J;L; G;N;L I =;
=BILLI >? B G;M =IH@ILG;

M? =IG ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? JL?PCMN; >? G;N;L B JLaR
CGI >I ;HCG;Fp[441] JIHN; I G?MNL? =IGI MIFO\[I JL?JIH>?L;HN? H;

>IONLCH; ; oJOHC\[I ?G =IH=OLMI @ILG;F JIL =;>; NCJI ;FN?LH;NCPI N?HN;>I
ION?HN;>I?=IHMOG;>Ip[442]
&HAL?MM;GIM;AIL;HI?MNO>I>I?F?G?HNIMO<D?NCPI?MJ?=C;FNCJI
&HC=C;FG?HN? ] H?=?MMXLCI L?NIG;L KO? HI NCJI J?H;F ;KO?F? JIMCN
CP;>I =IGI C>?;F ; NIFB?L OG; =IH>ON; L?JOFMCP; KO? F?M; >? @ILG; _GJ;L
OG <?G DOL_>C=I BX ; =IHAL?A;\[I >? ?F?G?HNIM =IHMNCNONCPIM KO? M[I >? IL
>?G >?M=LCNCP; IO I<D?NCPI

>?M=LCNCP; ? JIL P?T?M HILG;NCP; ? MO<D?NCP; ,
?F?G?HNI =IHMNCNONCPI >? IL>?G MO<D?NCP; ;CH>; KO? M?D; JIMCNCP;>I ? JIMM;
F?P;L Y @;FM; CGJL?MM[I >? M?L >?M=LCNCPI =IGJd? ; M?AOH>; @;=?N; >; NCJC=C>
;>? MO<D?NCP; =?CN;

M? JICM =IGI JL?GCMM; KO? ;I F;>I >I >IFI @CAOL;G
H; NCJC=C>;>? MO<D?NCP; IONLIM =;L;=N?L?M >? IL>?G MO<D?NCP; ;GJFC;H>I I
;MJ?=NIMO<D?NCPI>INCJIJ?H;F
FAOHM ;LLCM=;G ; =F;MMC@C=;\[I >IM ?F?G?HNIM MO<D?NCPIM >I NCJI
J?H;F ; M;<?L >?FCNIM >? CHN?H\[I >?FCNIM >? N?H>^H=C; ?MJ?=C;CM GINCPIM >?
;ACL?GIG?HNIM?MJ?=C;CM>?ZHCGI
IHMC>?L;G
M? delitos de inteno ;KO?F?M ?G KO? I ?F?G?HNI MO<
D?NCPI >I NCJI J?H;F ?RCA? =IGI CHN?AL;HN? >; @CAOL; N_JC=; ; CHN?H\[I >I
;A?HN? PIFN;>; ; >?N?LGCH;>I @CG MMCG I L;JNI ;LN >I -* J;L; M?
=IH@CAOL;L ?RCA? I @CG FC<C>CHIMI M?G F?P;L ?G =IHN; I @;NI >? I ;ONIL N?L

?@?NCP;G?HN? JL;NC=;>I I @CG FC<C>CHIMI >?FCNIM >? L?MOFN;>I =ILN;>I JICM

CHN?LLIGJ?
M? ; ?R?=O\[I =LCGCH;FCT;
M? ; =IH>ON; >I ;A?HN? ?G GIG?HNI
;HN?LCIL ;I ;F=;H=? >I @CG =IH>C=CIH;>IL >?F; !; G?MG; @ILG; ?RCA?
M?
CHN?H\[I HI =LCG? J;L; ; L?;FCT;\[I >? OG JLCG?CLI ;NI =IHMJCL;\[I m ;LN
>I -* N;F CHN?H\[I >?P? ;JIHN;L J;L; OG M?AOH>I ;NI KO? JI>? IO
H[I M?L F?P;>I ; N?LGI =LCG?M GONCF;>IM >? >ICM ;NIM +IM >ICM =;MIM I
NCJI J?H;F ;HN?=CJIO ; =IHMOG;\[I I=ILL?H>I ;J?H;M J;L; ; MO<MOH\[I ;
;NCPC>;>? N_JC=; OHC>; Y CHN?H\[I -I>?GIM =CN;L N;G<]G =IGI ?R?GJFI

>?MM; ?MJ]=C? I ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI ?MJ?=C;F NL;TC>I J?FI caput >I CH=CMI &&&
>I ;LN I !; ;HXFCM? >I >CMJIMCNCPI ] JIMM_P?F HIN;L KO? I =CPCF I GCFCN;L L?
@ILG;>I ? I GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; J;L; HaM ;J?H;M L?GOH?L;>; MIG?HN?

=IG?N?L[I =LCG? GCFCN;L M? CHN?H=CIH;L?G =IG MO; =IH>ON; ;NCHACL ; JLa
JLC;CHMNCNOC\[IGCFCN;L
+IM delitos de tendncia IO =LCG?M >? N?H>^H=C; CHN?HMC@C=;>; ;

;\[I >?P? =;L;=N?LCT;L
M? JIL OG ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI KO? >?HIN? OG;
N?H>^H=C; CGJF_=CN; HI NCJI J?H;F +[I BX ?RJL?MM; JL?PCM[I HI NCJI JIL]G ]
>?>ON_P?F >IM >?G;CM ?F?G?HNIM =IHMNCNONCPIM >?P?H>I ; ;\[I ?RJLCGCL OG;
N?H>^H=C; MO<D?NCP; >I ;A?HN? MMCG ?HKO;>L;
M? ?G L?@?LC>IM >?FCNIM IO ]
?MJ]=C? >?MM?M ?F?G?HNIM MO<D?NCPIM ?MJ?=C;CM >I NCJI I JLIJaMCNI >? OFNL;D;L
>?>ON_P?F>;>?M=LC\[IJ?H;F>I;LN >I -*
-;L; =;L;=N?LCT;L IM especiais motivos >? ;ACL N;G<]G ?MJ]=C?M >?
?F?G?HNIM MO<D?NCPIM ?MJ?=C;CM >I CHDOMNI >?P?
M? P?L H; >?M=LC\[I J?H;F ?R
JL?MM; OG GINCPI ; CGJOFMCIH;L ; =IH>ON; >I ;A?HN? ? A I GINCPI NILJ? I

GINCPI@eNCF IOG?MGIIL?F?P;HN?P;FILMI=C;F
#CH;FG?HN? BX KO? =;N;FIA;L =IGI ?MJ]=C?M IM momentos especiais
>? ZHCGI KO? L?P?F;G I ?MN;>I ;H_GC=I >I ;A?HN? HI CHMN;HN? >; ;\[I 0[I
?R?GJFIM ;M ?RJL?MMd?M oM?G ?M=LeJOFIMp oM;NCM@;T?L CHMNCHNI M?RO;Fp ?N=
L_NC=; GOCNI J?LMJC=;T M? @;T ; OG; N?H>^H=C; ;NO;F >? C>?IFIAC; MO<
D?NCP;>IL; H; ?F;<IL;\[I >I NCJI J?H;F JILKO;HNI =IH>OT ; OG; CH?R;NC>[I

H?=?MMXLC;YI<M?LPZH=C;>IJLCH=_JCI>;L?M?LP;F?A;F
Tipo penal militar omissivo

-L?FCGCH;LG?HN? ;FAOG;M =IHMC>?L;\d?M >?P?G M?L @?CN;M ,

JLCG?CLI JLI<F?G; ] >C@?L?H=C;L ;\[I >? IGCMM[I >? ;\[I I KO? @;L?GIM >?
;=IL>I =IG I critrio do risco -;L; ?MM? =LCN]LCI oB;P?LX ;\[I M? BX ; =LC
;\[I IO ?F?P;\[I >? LCM=I J;L; I <?G DOL_>C=I ? ?RCMN? IGCMM[I >? ;\[I M?
H[IBX=LC;\[IIO?F?P;\[I>?LCM=IJ;L;I<?GDOL_>C=Ip[443]
"MM; H[I A?L;\[I IO ?F?P;\[I HI ?HN;HNI H[I MCAHC@C=; >CT?L KO? ;
CH;\[I ] NIF?L;>; J?FI !CL?CNI JILKO;HNI =CL=OHMNZH=C;M BX ?G KO? M? ?RCA? ;

?PCN;\[I >I LCM=I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I ;CH>; KO? A?L;>I JIL IONL?G 0OLA?G
JICM IMNCJIMIGCMMCPIM
"MM; ?RCA^H=C; >? ;\[I ; ?PCN;L I LCM=I JI>? M?L CH>CMNCHN; A?L;F ;
;F=;H\;L NI>IM ;KO?F?M MOD?CNIM Y HILG; J?H;F ? ?RJL?MM; HI NCJI J?H;F

=IH@CAOL;H>I
M? ; omisso prpria IO JI>? M?L ?MJ?=_@C=; >?N?LGCH;>; ;
=?LN;M J?MMI;M KO? ;>KOCL;G ; =IH>C\[I >? A;L;HNC>IL >I <?G DOL_>C=I
KO;H>IM?=IH@CAOL;; omisso imprpria
V JL?=CMI F?G<L;L KO? HI
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L G?MGI ?MM;
?RCA^H=C; A?H]LC=; KO? CGJd? I >?P?L DOL_>C=I CH>CMNCHNI ] FCGCN;>; ; =?LNIM

;A?HN?M =IGI ] I =;MI >; IGCMM[I >? I@C=C;F ;LN KO? DX CH>C=; I nomen juris =IH>?HM; ; IGCMM[I JLaJLC; ;J?H;M J;L; I@C=C;CM NL;>OTC>; J?F;
=IH>ON; >I I@C=C;F ;I H[I JLI=?>?L o=IHNL; >?M?LNIL M;<?H>I IO >?P?H>I
M;<?L?H=IHNL;L
M??HNL?IMM?OM=IG;H>;>IMp
&HC=C?GIM >?MM;LN? ; ;HXFCM? >I NCJI I<D?NCPI >; IGCMM[I V >? L?M
M;FN;L KO? H?MM? ?MNO>I ;FAOHM ?F?G?HNIM M?L[I =IGOHM N;HNI Y IGCMM[I
JLaJLC; =IGI Y CGJLaJLC; ?HKO;HNI IONLIM M?L[I ?MJ?=_@C=IM >; IGCMM[I
CGJLaJLC;
,M ?F?G?HNIM =IGOHM ;I NCJI I<D?NCPI >;M >O;M ?MJ]=C?M >? IGCMM[I

M[I ; situao de perigo para o bem jurdico ; capacidade concreta de agir
? ; omisso da ao mandada "MJ?=_@C=IM ;I NCJI I<D?NCPI >; IGCMM[I CG
JLaJLC;M[II resultado tpico ?; posio de garantidor[444]
situao de perigo para o bem jurdico IO situao tpica ]
?PC>?HN? ?RJL?MM; HI NCJI J?H;F >? IGCMM[I JLaJLC; =;L;=N?LCT;>; J?FI

P?LC=;L KO? I ;A?HN? >?P?LC; N?L ;NO;>I >? G;H?CL; >?N?LG
CH;>;deixar omitir ?N=
'X H; IGCMM[I CGJLaJLC; ; situao de perigo para o bem jurdico

?MNX CGJF_=CN; HIM =LCG?M >? L?MOFN;>I %X KO? N?L ?G =IHN; ; JLIJaMCNI KO?
J;L; =B?A;L Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? ; IGCMM[I CGJLaJLC; ] =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >?P?
M? @;T?L F?CNOL; ?MJ?=_@C=; >IM =LCG?M G;N?LC;CM >? GI>I ; =IHMC>?L;L KO? I
L?MOFN;>I N_JC=I JI>? M?L ;F=;H\;>I MCGOFN;H?;G?HN? JIL ;\[I IO JIL IGCM
M[I >? ;\[I !?MM? GI>I I NCJI >? BIGC=_>CI ? A >?P? M?L =IGJL??H>C>I
=IGI oG;N;L ;FAO]G JIL ;\[I JLIC<C>; IO JIL IGCMM[I >? ;\[I G;H>;>; H;
JIMC\[I>?A;L;HNC>IL>I<?GDOL_>C=Ip[445]
,ONL; KO?MN[I KO? M? F?P;HN; ?G L?F;\[I Y IGCMM[I CGJLaJLC;

L?@?L?
M? Y JIMMC<CFC>;>? IO H[I >? KO? NI>IM IM NCJIM >? L?MOFN;>I =IG
JILN?G IGCMM[I CGJLaJLC; =?H; ; >IONLCH; HI M?HNC>I >? KO? ;J?H;M IM

>?FCNIM JLIN?NIL?M >? <?HM DOL_>C=IM G;CM L?F?P;HN?M >?P?G =IGJILN;L N;F
JIMMC<CFC>;>? "HN?H>?GIM NI>;PC; KO? ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? ;I G?HIM N?ILC=;
G?HN? ;<L;HA? NI>IM IM NCJIM >? L?MOFN;>I M?H>I N?G?LXLCI MCGJF?MG?HN?

?F?A?LIM<?HMDOL_>C=IMG;CML?F?P;HN?M
, M?AOH>I ?F?G?HNI =IGOG Y IGCMM[I JLaJLC; ? CGJLaJLC; ] ; capacidade concreta de agir 0CAHC@C=; >CT?L KO? MIG?HN? M?LX ; IGCMM[I JLa
JLC; IO CGJLaJLC; L?F?P;HN? J?H;FG?HN? M? I ;A?HN? ?L; ;I N?GJI >; =IH
>ON; =;J;T >? ;NO;L =IH@ILG? ; ;\[I ?RCAC>; !?MM; @ILG; H[I M?LX ;ONIL >?
BIGC=_>CI I GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I KO? ;FA?G;>I J?FI BIGC=C>; ;MMCMN; ; GILN?
>?OGN?L=?CLI
#CH;FG?HN? =IGI eFNCGI ?F?G?HNI >I NCJI I<D?NCPI =IGOG Y IGCM
M[I JLaJLC; ? CGJLaJLC; N?GIM ; ?@?NCP; omisso da ao mandada KO? M?
=;L;=N?LCT; J?F; H[I L?;FCT;\[I >; ;\[I >? JLIN?\[I >I <?G DOL_>C=I ?G MCNO
;\[I>?J?LCAI
IGI DX >CMM?GIM I NCJI I<D?NCPI >? IGCMM[I CGJLaJLC; =IGJILN;
>ICM IONLIM ?F?G?HNIM J?=OFC;L?M I resultado tpico ? ; posio de garantidor 0I<L? ?MN? m KO? NILH; NI>IM IM =LCG?M =IGCMMCPIM JIL IGCMM[I =LCG?M
JLaJLCIM JICM MIG?HN? JI>?G M?L =IG?NC>IM JIL J?MMI;M >?N?LGCH;>;M m DX

>CM=ILL?GIM ;I P?LM;L MI<L? ; ;NLC<OC\[I >I L?MOFN;>I HIM =LCG?M

IGCMMCPIM[446] L?MN;H>I ;J?H;M NL;N;L >I resultado tpico ;MN; >CT?L KO?
I NCJI I<D?NCPI >; IGCMM[I CGJLaJLC; ?RCA? KO? I L?MOFN;>I N_JC=I M? =IH=L?N
CT? ?G L;T[I >; IGCMM[I P?LC@C=;>; =;OM;FC>;>? ;KOC =IGI PCGIM H[I ]
L?;F G;MBCJIN]NC=; OG; probabilidade prxima da certeza
-;MM?GIM ;AIL; Y;HXFCM?>INCJIMO<D?NCPI>;IGCMM[I
+; IGCMM[I JLaJLC; ?RCA?

M? I >IFI M?H>I CGJIMM_P?F I JL??H=BC
G?HNI >; NCJC=C>;>? MO<D?NCP; J?F; =OFJ; %X KO? M? @;T?L OG; L?MM;FP; G;CM
OG; P?T ;I =LCG? >? CHI<M?LPZH=C; >? F?C L?AOF;G?HNI IO CHMNLO\[I ;LN
>I -* m CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;F HI HIMMI M?HNCL G;M >?@?H>C>I JIL ;FAOHM m
KO? ?G<IL; JIMM; M?L JL;NC=;>I JIL IGCMM[I =IGJILN; OG; GI>;FC>;>?
=OFJIM; HIM N?LGIM >I JL?=?CNI M?=OH>XLCI KO? JL?P^ ; J?H; JIL @;NI
H?AFCA?HN?
'X ; IGCMM[I CGJLaJLC; JI>? P?LC@C=;L

M? N;HNI ?G ZG<CNI >IFIMI
=IGI =OFJIMI I<PC;G?HN? M? I >?FCNI >? L?MOFN;>I =IHM;AL;L N;F GI>;FC>;>?
H;-;LN?"MJ?=C;F
-;L; OG eFNCGI ?M=F;L?=CG?HNI ;=?L=; >I >IFI HIM =LCG?M

IGCMMCPIM ] CGJILN;HN? NL;HM=L?P?L HINXP?F FC\[I >? CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM M?
AOH>I ; KO;F I >IFI ?G ;G<;M ;M GI>;FC>;>?M >? IGCMM[I oH[I JL?=CM; M?L
=IHMNCNO_>I >? =IHM=C^H=C; ? PIHN;>? =IGI HIM NCJIM >? ;\[I <;MN; >?CR;L ;M
=ICM;M =ILL?L?G =IG =IHB?=CG?HNI >; MCNO;\[I N_JC=; >? J?LCAI J;L; I <?G
DOL_>C=I ? >; =;J;=C>;>? >? ;ACL H; IGCMM[I >? ;\[I JLaJLC; G;CM I =IHB?
=CG?HNI >; JIMC\[I >? A;L;HN? H; IGCMM[I >? ;\[I CGJLaJLC; JILKO? >IFI
=IGI PIHN;>? =IHM=C?HN? >? IGCNCL ; ;\[I G;H>;>; =IHMNCNOC ?R=?\[I L;L; I
G]>C=I >?=C>? L?=OM;L J;=C?HN? ?G ?MN;>I AL;P? MI? CH?R
CMN^H=C;>?F?CNIFCPL?p[447]
Tipo penal militar culposo

&HAL?MM;GIM ;AIL; H; ;HXFCM? >IM NCJIM =OFJIMIM !? JLIHNI >?P?
M? CH>C=;L =OLCIM; JIMC\[I >? CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM KO? JL?@?L? ; ?RJL?MM[I
o=LCG?M >? CGJLO>^H=C;p Y ?RJL?MM[I o=LCG?M =OFJIMIMp J?M;L >? >CM=IL>;L

>; P?LN?HN? ?PC>?H=C;>; J?FI G?MNL? @;T?GIM KO?MN[I >? =IHMCAH;L M?O ;LL;
TI;>I J;L; ?MM; >CMNCH\[I @?CNI ?G HIN; >? LI>;J] >? MO; I<L; H; M?AOCHN?
=IH@ILGC>;>?
o, MO<MN;HNCPI =OFJ; ? I ;>D?NCPI =OFJIMI M[I CH;>?KO;>IM JIL PXLC
;M L;Td?M JLCG?CLI =IH@OH>?G =OFJ; GI>;FC>;>? MO<D?NCP; >I NCJI =IG

=OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?F?G?HNI >I =IH=?CNI >? =LCG? ?RCACH>I ; >CMNCH\[I =IGJF?
G?HN;L >? =OFJ; ?G M?HNC>I ?MNLCNI ? =OFJ; ?G M?HNC>I ;GJFI I KO? ] ;HNC
=C?HN_@C=I M?AOH>I CH>OT?G J?LJF?RC>;>? HI =C>;>[I =IGOG J;L; I KO;F

=LCG? =OFJIMI J;L?=? G;CM AL;P? KO? =LCG? >IFIMI ;GJFC;H>I ; CH=IG
JL??HM[I >? =IH=?CNIM DOL_>C=IM N?L=?CLI I MO<MN;HNCPI CGJLO>^H=C; ? I ;>
D?NCPI CGJLO>?HN? ?RJLCG?G ; C>?C; >? F?M[I >I >?P?L >? =OC>;>I IO >I LCM=I
J?LGCNC>I =IG G;CIL JL?=CM[I >I KO? IM =ILL?MJIH>?HN?M =OFJ; ? =OFJIMI

KO;LNI ; >IAGXNC=; ;F?G[ OM; I N?LGI Fahrlssigkeit KO? MCAHC@C=; H?A
FCA^H=C; IO CGJLO>^H=C; G;M ; H;NOL?T; >; G;CILC; ;<MIFON; >IM @;NIM F?M
CPIM >I >?P?L >? =OC>;>I IO >I LCM=I J?LGCNC>I H; =CL=OF;\[I >? P?_=OFIM IO
H;CH>eMNLC;GI>?LH; J;L?=?G?FBIL>?@CH_P?F=IGICGJLO>^H=C;p[448]
+[I ?H=IHNL;GIM L;T[I MO<MN;H=C;F =IG ; >?PC>; P^HC; >I G?MNL?
CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM J;L; GI>C@C=;L I KO? DX N[I <?G @IC ?RJF;H;>I J?F; >IA
GXNC=; =IGJL??HM[I >; N?ILC; A?L;F >I >?FCNI DX ;JL?M?HN; =IGJF?RC>;>?

MO@C=C?HN? J;L; I=OJ;L
HIM =IG ?MNO>IM ?RN?HO;HN?M L;T[I J?F; KO;F NI>; ?
KO;FKO?L ;FN?L;\[I >I KO? BID? M? =IHB?=? >?P? M?L CGJOFMCIH;>; JIL GINCPI
>? MO<MNZH=C; ? H[I MCGJF?M ;FN?L;\[I >? HIG?M N_NOFIM ?N= !?MM; @ILG;
J?LG;H?=?GIM =IG I MO<MN;HNCPI culpa ? I ;>D?NCPI culposo ;I J;MMI KO?

?RJFC=;GIM KO? ; JL?M?HN? ;>P?LN^H=C; @IC =IHMCAH;>; J;L; KO? I ?MNO>CIMI
>I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IHB?\; IONLI JIHNI >? PCMN; ILCOH>I >? OG; MOG
C>;>?HI;MMOHNI=IGII]'O;L?T CLCHI>IM0;HNIM
/?NIG;H>I I ?MNO>I Y AOCM; >? JL?GCMM; >?P?
M? N?L ?G G?HN?
KO? ; ?MNLONOL; >I NCJI J?H;F =OFJIMI >CP?LA? <?G >;KO?F; ?MNO>;>; HI NCJI
>IFIMI
&HC=C;
M? J?FI @;NI >? HILG;FG?HN? =;L;=N?LCT;L?G
M? JIL tipos
abertos M?G KO? ; >?M=LC\[I J?H;F M? ?MAIN? HI NCJI M?H>I =IGJF?G?HN;>;

J?F; -;LN? $?L;F tipicidade indireta IO ;>?KO;\[I N_JC=; >? MO<IL>CH;\[I

mediata -LIMM?AO? ; >CMNCH\[I J?F; ;OM^H=C; IO J?FI G?HIM J?F; CL
L?F?PZH=C; >? ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI[449] H[I B;P?H>I @;F;L ?G NCJC=C>;>?

MO<D?NCP; KO;H>I M? NL;N; >? >?FCNI =OFJIMI 0?G ?G<;LAI ; NCJC=C>;>? >I CF_
=CNI =OFJIMI MOLA? >; >CP?LA^H=C; ?HNL? ; =IH>ON; JL;NC=;>; J?FI ;A?HN? ?
;KO?F; KO? >?P?LC; N?L MC>I JIL ?F? JL;NC=;>; J;L; ?PCN;L I L?MOFN;>I >;HIMI
;I <?G DOL_>C=I %X >?MM; @ILG; OG desvalor da ao I KO? =?HNL; ; ;HXF
CM? >I =LCG? =OFJIMI ?G OG @I=I I<D?NCPI L?@?L?HN? Y NCJC=C>;>? ? HILG;N
CPI L?@?L?HN?Y=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
"G MOG; JILN;HNI JI>?

M? ;MM?P?L;L KO? =OFJ; ] ; H[I I<M?LPZH
=C; >I >?P?L I<D?NCPI >? =OC>;>I G;N?LC;FCT;>; JIL =IH>ON; =;OM;>IL; >?
OGL?MOFN;>IN_JC=I L?F?P;HN?J?H;FG?HN?[450]
&GJILN; HIN;L ?G L?@IL\I Y ;OM^H=C; IO CLL?F?PZH=C; >? ?F?G?HNI

MO<D?NCPI ; =;L;=N?LCT;L ; =OFJ; KO? ; ;\[I =IGI L?AL; ] >CLCAC>; ; OG @CG F_
=CNI I L?MOFN;>I JLIPI=;>I JIL]G ] CF_=CNI JIL =IHN; >; ?M=IFB; ?KOCPI=;>;
>IG?CIIO>;@ILG;>?JL;NC=;LOG;=IH>ON;
"R?GJFI ?M=F;L?=?>IL HIM NL;T CN?H=IOLN ;I >?M=L?P?L OG ;=C>?HN?

>? NLZHMCNI =IG P_NCG; , @CG J?LM?AOC>I J?FI ;A?HN? ] CLL?F?P;HN? J;L; I
!CL?CNI -?H;F JILKO;HNI ;J?H;M KO?L CL >? OG JIHNI ; IONLI =IH>OTCH>I
P?_=OFI ;ONIGINIL m L?MM;FN?
M? N;G<]G M?L I G?CI J?H;FG?HN? CLL?F?P;HN?
*;M ; @ILG; ?G ;FN; P?FI=C>;>? JIL ?R?GJFI ] L?F?P;HN? J;L; I !CL?CNI
-?H;F I KO? MIG?HN? MI<L?MM;CO ?G L;T[I >I L?MOFN;>I JLI>OTC>I ? A ;

GILN?>?OGJ?>?MNL?[451]
,ONL; KO?MN[I ; M?L M?>CG?HN;>; >CT L?MJ?CNI Y I<D?NCPC>;>? >; NCJC
=C>;>? IG ?@?CNI JIL I=;MC[I >; ;HXFCM? >; NCJC=C>;>? H[I BX KO? ;P?LCAO;L
;M =IH>C\d?M >I ;A?HN? ; JIHNI >? >?@CHCL M? JI>?LC; ?F? N?L ;>IN;>I ;M
=;ON?F;M ?RCAC>;M <;MN; KO? B;D; ; CH=IHALO^H=C; ?HNL? ; =IH>ON; ;>IN;>; ?
;KO?F; C>?;F ; ?PCN;L ; F?M[I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I CH>;A;\[I ;=?L=; >;M =IH
>C\d?M J?MMI;CM >I ;A?HN? >?P? @C=;L L?M?LP;>; ;I =;GJI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>?
KO? HI =LCG? =OFJIMI N?G ; G?MG; ?MNLONOL; >I =LCG? >IFIMI IO M?D; CG
JON;<CFC>;>? JIN?H=C;F =IHB?=CG?HNI >; CFC=CNO>? ? ?RCAC<CFC>;>? >? =IH>ON;

>CP?LM; I<PC;G?HN? ;I M? ;>IN;L ; teoria normativa pura da culpabilidade

C>?;FCT;>;HI@CH;FCMGI =IGIP?L?GIM
+; ;HXFCM? >I >?FCNI =OFJIMI >?MM;LN? >?P?G M?L P?LC@C=;>;M ; tipicidade m =;L;=N?LCT;>; J?F; =IHNL;LC?>;>? >; ;\[I JL;NC=;>; YKO?F; C>?;F m ;
antijuridicidade m =;L;=N?LCT;>; J?F; CHI<M?LPZH=C; >I >?P?L I<D?NCPI >?
=OC>;>I JL?PCMC<CFC>;>? I<D?NCP; m ? ; culpabilidade KO? ;JL?M?HN; ; JL?
PCMC<CFC>;>?MO<D?NCP;=IGIOG>?M?OMJL?MMOJIMNIM
+I ?MNO>I G;CM >?NC>I >; NCJC=C>;>? =OFJIM; N?GIM =IGI elementos constitutivos >I >?FCNI =OFJIMI ; inobservncia do cuidado objetivo
devido ; produo de um resultado relevante penalmente e o nexo causal
; previsibilidade objetiva do resultado ; conexo interna entre desvalor da
ao e desvalor do resultado
inobservncia do cuidado objetivo devido =;L;=N?LCT;
M? J?F;
@;FN; >? >CFCA^H=C; >?PC>; ?F?G?HNI @OH>;G?HN;F >I NCJI >I >?FCNI =OFJIMI
!?P? M?L P?LC@C=;>; =IGJ;L;H>I
M? ; direo finalista real =IG ; direo fi-
nalista para evitar leso a bem jurdico CHP?MNCA;\[I >?MM; @ILG;

=IH>?HM;
M? ?G >O;M ;LAOC\d?M .O;F I >?P?L >? =OC>;>I ?RCAC>I >I
;A?HN? =IH>ON; L?;FG?HN? P?LC@C=;>; ;N?H>?O ; ?MM? >?P?L 0?H>I H?A
;NCP; ; L?MJIMN; J;L; ; M?AOH>; CH>;A;\[I N?L

M?
X JIL L?MOFN;>I ; =IH=FOM[I
J?F; CHI<M?LPZH=C;[452] !?P?
M? NIG;L I =OC>;>I H?MM; =IHMNLO\[I >? F?G
<L;L KO? ; ;HXFCM? >?MM? ?F?G?HNI >I =LCG? =OFJIMI >?P? J;MM;L J?F; ;NO;F
=IH@ILG;\[I >I princpio da confiana >CM=ONC>I =IGI PCGIM HI M?CI >;

CGJON;\[I I<D?NCP; G?MGI J;L; =LCG?M >IFIMIM HI @OH=CIH;FCMGI >? $fH
NB?L ';EI<M ? >? F;OM /IRCH G;M KO? BID? G?MGI J;L; IM KO? H[I ;=?CN;G
?MM? MCMN?G; L?P?MN?
M? >? CH?KO_PI=; CGJILNZH=C; H; >CM=OMM[I >I =LCG?
=OFJIMI =?L=; >?MM; =IHMNLO\[I P;F?G ;M FC\d?M >? ?T;L /I<?LNI CN?H
=IOLN HIMM?AOCHN?MN?LGIM
o+; PC>; ?G MI=C?>;>? ] H;NOL;F KO? =;>; CH>CP_>OI M? =IGJILN?

=IGI M? IM >?G;CM N;G<]G M? =IGJILN;MM?G =ILL?N;G?HN? -;L; ;
;P;FC;\[I in concreto >; =IH>ON; =ILL?N; >? ;FAO]G H[I M? JI>? >? @ILG;
;FAOG; >?CR;L >? =IHMC>?L;L ;KOCFI KO? H;M G?MG;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M M?LC;

F_=CNI ?MJ?L;L >? IONL?G "MM? =LCN]LCI L?AOF;>IL >; =IH>ON; BOG;H; L?=?<? ;
>?HIGCH;\[I>? princpio da confiana Vertrauensgrundsatz
IGI I dever objetivo de cuidado >CLCA?

M? ; NI>IM H;>; G;CM
DOMNI KO? ?MJ?L;L KO? =;>; OG M? =IGJILN? =IG ; JLO>^H=C; ? ; CHN?FCA^H=C;
H?=?MMXLC;M J;L; ; =IHPCP^H=C; B;LGbHC=; >? NI>; ; =IF?NCPC>;>? M L?F;\d?M
MI=C;CM H[I M[I ILC?HN;>;M J?F; >?M=IH@C;H\; =IG ; JL?MOH\[I >? KO? I
M?G?FB;HN? H[I =OGJLCLX =IG MO;M I<LCA;\d?M >? =C>;>[IM -IL L;Td?M =IGI
?MM; ] KO? I dever objetivo de cuidado >CLCA?
M? ; NI>IM CH>CMNCHN;G?HN?
PCMNI HOG JF;HI JOL;G?HN? I<D?NCPI j ?PC>^H=C; Ma KO?G I<M?LP; =ILL?N;
G?HN? I >?P?L I<D?NCPI >? =OC>;>I JI>? CHPI=;L ; M?O @;PIL I JLCH=_JCI >;
=IH@C;H\;p[453]
IG ?@?CNI ?G ;FAOHM =;MIM ;J?M;L >? I JL?N?HMI ;A?HN? N?L I >?
P?L I<D?NCPI >? =OC>;>I ] L;TIXP?F ?MJ?L;L KO? IM IONLIM =C>;>[IM KO? I =CL
=OH>;G N^G N;G<]G OG >?P?L ? I I<M?LP;L[I =OGJLCL[I ;>?KO;>;G?HN?

, =FXMMC=I ?R?GJFI NL;TC>I J?F; >IONLCH; ?MNX HI =LCG? =OFJIMI >? NLZHMCNI
?G KO? ;FAO]G GINILCMN; o;p JIL ?R?GJFI ;P;H\; MI<L? OG; PC; NL;H
KOCF;G?HN? =IFB?H>I OG IONLI ;ONIGaP?F KO? H[I L?MJ?CNIO I MCH;F >?

J;L;>; H; G;L=;\[I >I ;M@;FNI =;OM;H>I F?Md?M =ILJIL;CM H?MN? GINILCMN;
GINILCMN; o? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;L I
GINILCMN; o;p @IC KO?<L;>; OG; ?RJ?=N;NCP; >? KO? I GINILCMN; oC;HN? >; MCH;FCT;
\[I I KO? H[I I=ILL?O H[I M? JI>?H>I >?MM; @ILG; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;L I GI
NILCMN;o;pJ?F;MF?Md?MMI@LC>;M
"MM; PCM[I L?MM;FN?

M? DX ;F=;H\IO ; DOLCMJLO>^H=C; -IL NI>IM vide
I Habeas Corpus H
DOFA;>I J?F; 0?RN;
1OLG; >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; ?G >? G;L\I >? MI< L?F;NIL
C;>;*CHCMNL;*;LC;1B?L?T;>?MMCM*IOL;
o-/, "00, -"+) HABEAS CORPUS %,*& v!&, 2)-,0,

+ !&/"Uk, !" 3"v 2),
/t+ & !" '201
20
1&-& &!!" -/&+ v-&, ! ,+#&+U 21, ,), Uk, !
3v1&*
"*
-"/&$,
/" ,+%" &*"+1,
,+01/+$&*"+1,

&)"$)
, @OH>;G?HNI >; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?FI =LCG? =OFJIMI L?MC>? H;

PCIF;\[I >I >?P?L I<D?NCPI H?=?MMXLCI H;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M In casu N?H>I I
GINILCMN; L?MJ?CN;>I NI>;M ;M L?AL;M >? NLZHMCNI MOLACH>I I NL;HM?OHN? >?
CHIJCHI H; PC; JLIPI=;H>I I M?O JLaJLCI a<CNI GIMNL;
M? CF?A;F I JLI=?MMI
=LCG? J?F; MOJIMN; JLXNC=; >? BIGC=_>CI =OFJIMI 1?G

M? ; OG Ma N?GJI I
?GJL?AI >IM JLCH=_JCIM >; =IH@C;H\; ? >; ;ONI=IFI=;\[I >; P_NCG; ?G
J?LCAI I KO? Y ?PC>^H=C; ?R=FOC ; NCJC=C>;>? >I =IGJILN;G?HNI >I
=IH>ONIL
,L>?G =IH=?>C>; J;L; NL;H=;L ; ;\[I J?H;F ?G

=OLMIJ?L;HN?; ; 3;L; LCGCH;F>; IG;L=;>?0;FP;>ILp
-;L; =IH=FOCL J?FI >?FCNI =OFJIMI CGJL?M=CH>_P?F ; JL?M?H\; >I resultado tpico ? G;CM ;CH>; KO? ?MM? L?MOFN;>I M?D; ; G;N?LC;FCT;\[I >; ;\[I
CHC=C;FG?HN? >?MP;FIL;>; I KO? ;HOH=C; IONLI ?F?G?HNI MOJL;=CN;>I KO;F
M?D; o; =IH?R[I CHN?LH; ?HNL? >?MP;FIL >; ;\[I ? >?MP;FIL >I L?MOFN;>I ,
=LCG? =OFJIMI H[I N?G ?RCMN^H=C; L?;F M?G L?MOFN;>I %X =LCG? =OFJIMI
KO;H>I I ;A?HN? H[I KO?L ? H?G ;MMOG? I LCM=I >; JLI>O\[I >? OG L?M
OFN;>I JL?PCM_P?F G;M KO? G?MGI ;MMCG I=ILL? 0? BIOP?L CHI<M?LPZH=C; >?
OG >?P?L >? =OC>;>I G;M M? I L?MOFN;>I H[I MI<L?PC?L H[I B;P?LX
=LCG?p[454] "MM? L?MOFN;>I NI>;PC; >?P? M?L >?=ILL^H=C; >; ;\[I CHC=C;F
G?HN? L?JLIP;>; H[I B;P?H>I =LCG? M? I L?MOFN;>I H[I >?=ILL?L ?R;N;
G?HN?>; inobservncia do cuidado devido
JL?PCMC<CFC>;>? I<D?NCP; >I L?MOFN;>I M? ;F=;H\; J?F; =IFI=;\[I >?

OG I<M?LP;>IL CHN?FCA?HN? HI GIG?HNI ;HN?LCIL Y J?LJ?NL;\[I >; =IH>ON;
L?JLIP;>; >?P?H>I B;P?L =IHMC>?L;\[I >;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M =IH=L?N;M >I

=;MI ;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M =IHB?=C>;M J?FI ;ONIL ? ; o?RJ?LC^H=C; =IGOG >;
]JI=;MI<L?IM=OLMIM=;OM;CMp[455]
.O?MN[I N;G<]G ;@?N; ;I ?MNO>I >IM >?FCNIM =OFJIMIM >CT L?MJ?CNI YM
GI>;FC>;>?M>?=OFJ;0[I?F;M; imprudncia ; negligncia ?; impercia

imprudncia >CMNCHAO?
M? J?F; ;NO;\[I >I ;A?HN? o=IG JL?=CJCN
;\[I CH=IHMC>?L;\[I =IG ;@ICN?T; M?G =;ON?F;M H[I OM;H>I >? M?OM
JI>?L?M CHC<C>IL?Mp[456] V ?R?GJFI >? CGJLO>^H=C; I >CMJ;LI ;=C>?HN;F >?
;LG; >? @IAI =;OM;H>I F?M[I =ILJIL;F ?G GCFCN;L ?G ;<IL>;A?G ?G KO? I
MOD?CNI;NCPIG;HN]GI>?>IH;N?=F;>IA;NCFBI
;L;=N?LCT;
M? ; negligncia J?F; oCH]L=C; JM_KOC=; ; CH>C@?L?H\; >I
;A?HN? KO? JI>?H>I NIG;L ;M =;ON?F;M ?RCA_P?CM H[I I @;T JIL >CMJFC=^H=C;
IO JL?AOC\; G?HN;F[457] "R?GJFI >? H?AFCA^H=C; M?LC; I ;=C>?HN? ;ONI
GI<CF_MNC=I JLIPI=;>I JIL @;FN; >? aF?I >? @L?CIM H[I P?LC@C=;>; ; CLL?AOF;L
C>;>?J?FIGINILCMN;
-IL @CG ; impercia NL;>OT

M? J?F; CH=;J;=C>;>? J?F; o@;FN; >? =IH
B?=CG?HNIM N]=HC=IM HI ?R?L=_=CI >? ;LN? IO JLI@CMM[I H[I NIG;H>I I ;A?HN?

?G =IHMC>?L;\[I I KO? M;<? IO I KO? >?P?LC; M;<?Lp[458] IGI M? P^ ; CG
J?L_=C; MIG?HN? JI>? MOLACL KO;H>I M? JL?MMOJd? J?L_=C; ;I KO? H[I =ILL?M
JIH>? I ;A?HN? , G]>C=I >CJFIG;>I KO? ;JL?M?HN; OG; @;FC<CFC>;>? JIL >?
@?CNI ?G =IHB?=CG?HNI KO? >?P?LC; N?L ] CGJ?LCNI =;MI H[I M?D; G]>C=I >CJ
FIG;>I M?LXCGJLO>?HN?
-IL >?LL;>?CLI OG; eFNCG; KO?MN[I KO? CHN?L?MM; ;I ?MNO>I >I >?
FCNI =OFJIMI JL?H>?

M? Y >CMNCH\[I >;M ?MJ]=C?M >? =OFJ; 0[I ?F;M ; =OFJ; CH
=IHM=C?HN??;=IHM=C?HN?
&HC=C;FG?HN? =OGJL? F?G<L;L KO? I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;I =IG
CH;L ;M J?H;M H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F H[I ;NLC<OC =IHM?KO^H=C;M >CMNCHN;M ; OG;

IO IONL; ?MJ]=C? "HNL?N;HNI >?P?
M? HIN;L KO? =IGJ;L;>I ;I a>CAI -?H;F
=IGOG I >CMJIMCNCPI >; -;LN? $?L;F ] GOCNI G;CM =IGJF?NI >CMNCHAOCH>I
OG;?MJ]=C?>;IONL;3?D;GIMI;LNCAI
oLN!CT
M?I=LCG?

&& m =OFJIMI KO;H>I I ;A?HN? >?CR;H>I >? ?GJL?A;L ; =;ON?F;
;N?H\[I IO >CFCA^H=C; IL>CHXLC; IO ?MJ?=C;F ; KO? ?MN;P; I<LCA;>I ?G @;=?

>;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M H[I JL?P^ I L?MOFN;>I KO? JI>C; JL?P?L IO JL?P?H>I

I
MOJd?F?PC;H;G?HN?KO?H[IM?L?;FCT;LC;IOKO?JI>?LC;?PCNX
FIp
=OFJ; CH=IHM=C?HN? M? ;JL?M?HN; KO;H>I I L?MOFN;>I >?=ILL?HN? >;

;\[I L?JLIP;>; H[I ] L?JL?M?HN;>I J?FI ;A?HN? ] ; ?MJ]=C? G;CM =IGOG >?
=OFJ;
'X ; =OFJ; =IHM=C?HN? I=ILL? KO;H>I I L?MOFN;>I ] L?JL?M?HN;>I

J?FI ;A?HN? JIL]G BX F?PC;H; =L?H\; JIL B;<CFC>;>? ?RNL?G;>; ?N= >? KO?
N;F =IHM?KO^H=C; H[I I=ILL?LX IGI M? JI>? =IH=FOCL ; =OFJ; =IHM=C?HN? ?M
NX GOCNI JLaRCG; >I >IFI ?P?HNO;F G;M =IG ?MN? H[I M? =IH@OH>? oHI >IFI
?P?HNO;F I ;A?HN? ;HOC ;I ;>P?HNI >?MM? L?MOFN;>I ;MMOGCH>I I LCM=I >?
JLI>OTC
FI ?G P?T >? L?HOH=C;L Y ;\[Ip[459] DX H; =OFJ; =IHM=C?HN? o;I
=IHNLXLCI L?J?F? ; BCJaN?M? >? MOJ?LP?HC^H=C; >I L?MOFN;>I H; ?MJ?L;H\;
=IHPC=N;>?KO??MN?H[II=ILL?LXp[460]
IGI DX ;@CLG;GIM HI JL?=?CNI M?=OH>XLCI >IM NCJIM J?H;CM GCFCN
;L?M H[I BX >CMNCH\[I HI KO? N;HA? Y >IMCG?NLC; >; J?H; J;L; OG; IO IONL;
?MJ]=C? >? =OFJ; =;<?H>I ;I DOCT ?HN?H>?L KO;F =CL=OHMNZH=C; HI =;MI =IH
=L?NI G?L?=?LXG;CILL?JLIP;<CFC>;>?
MMCH;F;GIM ;CH>; IONL; ?MJ]=C? >? =OFJ; ; =B;G;>; culpa imprpria culpa por extenso IO por assimilao KO? ?RMOLA? >I ?LLI >?
@;NI =OFJIMI ;LN g I >I -* IO >I ?R=?MMI H;M =;OM;M >? DOMNC@C=;\[I
;LN >I -* +?MM?M =;MIM I ;A?HN? >?M?D; I L?MOFN;>I N_JC=I JILN;HNI
BX >IFI H; J?LM?=O\[I >I L?MOFN;>I BX HI ?HN;HNI OG P_=CI ?G MO; L?JL?M
?HN;\[I >; L?;FC>;>? =IGI JI>? I=ILL?L H;M >?M=LCGCH;HN?M JON;NCP;M "G
L;T[I >; JL?M?H\; >I >IFI BX M?AOCG?HNI >IONLCHXLCI KO? H[I ;MM?HN? H;
=F;MMC@C=;\[I >? N;CM >?FCNIM =IGI >?FCNIM =OFJIMIM G;M MCG >IFIMIM =IG I
;J?H;G?HNI >? OG; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =OFJIM; IO M?D; B;P?LC; OG NCJI >? CH
DOMNI >IFIMI =IG ; =IHM?KO^H=C; >? OG NCJI >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? >?

=OFJIMI[461]
&GJILN; ;CH>; G?H=CIH;L ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >I =LCG? JL?N?L>IFIMI

KO? =IHMNCNOC GI>;FC>;>? CHN?LG?>CXLC; ?HNL? I >?FCNI >IFIMI ? I =OFJIMI ,
crime preterdoloso IO preterintencional NL;>OT

M? JIL ;KO?F? =ODI L?MOFN;>I

P;C ;F]G >; CHN?H\[I >I ;A?HN? IO M?D; BX >IFI H; =IH>ON; JL?=?>?HN? ?
=OFJ; HI L?MOFN;>I =IHM?KO?HN? %ID? =IGI ;MMCH;F; CN?H=IOLN <OM=;
M?
>C@?L?H=C;\[I ?HNL? I crime preterintencional ? I crime qualificado pelo resultado +I JLCG?CLI I L?MOFN;>I =IHM?KO?HN? =IHN]G I <?G DOL_>C=I JL?=?>
?HN? ; ?R?GJFI >; F?M[I =ILJIL;F HIM N?LGIM >I g I >I ;LN >I -*
DX HI M?AOH>I I L?MOFN;>I =IHM?KO?HN? H[I =IGJILN; I <?G DOL_>C=I ;@?N;>I
J?F; =IH>ON; ;HN?LCIL =IGI HI =;MI >; PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; MOJ?LCIL HIM N?LGIM
>Ig I >I;LN IOG?MGI>I;LN ;G<IM>I -*[462]
#CH;FG?HN? =OGJL? ;MMCH;F;L KO? IM >?FCNIM =OFJIMIM M? P?LC@C=;G

JIL ?R=?\[I JILKO;HNI I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN >I -* ?LCACO N;F KO;F I
a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG I princpio da excepcionalidade do crime culposo >?
MILN? KO? OG =LCG? MIG?HN? JI>?LX M? =IH@CAOL;L MI< ; @ILG; =OFJIM; M?
BIOP?L?RJL?MM;JL?PCM[IF?A;F
Tipo legal do crime militar: as hipteses do art. 9 I do

CPM
0I< HIMMI ?H@IKO? OG; >;M JLCH=CJ;CM >C@C=OF>;>?M HI ?MNO>I >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F ?MNX ?G >C@?L?H=C;L I >?FCNI GCFCN;L >I >?FCNI =IGOG ? N;F >CM
NCH\[I >? MOG; CGJILNZH=C; OG; P?T KO? PXLC;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M NIG;L[I
=ILJI;JaMN;FJIMC\[I
MM?P?L;GIM H?MN; I<L; KO? I JLI<F?G; >; >CMNCH\[I ?MNX ?R;N;
G?HN? H; tipicidade ?G M?HNC>I ?MNLCNI "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M =IHB?=?H>I

<?G I NCJI F?A;F >IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M I IJ?L;>IL JI>?LX JIL ?R=FOM[I =IH
=FOCLKO?OG;=IH>ON;>?FCNCP;?G?MNO>I=;L;=N?LCT;=LCG?=IGOG
+?MM? =IHN?RNI >?P?GIM =IHB?=?L <?G ; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I a>CAI
;MNL?HM? I KO? <OM=;L?GIM ;>C;HN? H?MN; I<L; JIL]G N;G<]G ] @OH>;
G?HN;F I =IHB?=CG?HNI >I ;LN I >I L?@?LC>I Codex GILG?HN? ?G M?

NL;N;H>I >? =;MIM ?G KO? ; =IH>ON; ;JL?=C;>; M;NCM@;\; N;HNI OG NCJI F?A;F
>I a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L=IGIOG>;F?ACMF;\[IJ?H;F=IGOG

!CA;
M? JL?FCGCH;LG?HN? KO? I ;LN >I -* NL;N; >IM =LCG?M
GCFCN;L?M ?G N?GJI >? J;T JILN;HNI ;KO?F?M KO? I IJ?L;>IL CLX ?H=IHNL;L
=ILLCKO?CL;G?HN? IKO?LIA;GIM se mantenha para todo o sempre
I
-ICM <?G ;I I=ILL?L OG @;NI ?G N?M? =LCGCHIMI ; JLCG?CL; G?>C>;

] M;<?L M? ; =IH>ON; P?LC@C=;>; ?MNX NCJC@C=;>; H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I a>CAI
-?H;F *CFCN;L >? GI>I ; ?HKO;>L;L ;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M >? @;NI Y HILG;

CH=LCGCH;>IL;
MMCG P A HI M?LPC\I >? -IFC=C;G?HNI ,MN?HMCPI OG JIFC=C;F GCF
CN;L G;N; ;FAO]G JLCG?CL; ;NCNO>? ; M?L ;>IN;>; ] P?LC@C=;L M? HIM =LCG?M
GCFCN;L?M ?G N?GJI >? J;T =;MI H[I B;D; ; MCNO;\[I ?R=?J=CIH;F >? AO?LL;
>?=F;L;>; I ;NI >? G;N;L ;FAO]G ?MNX JL?PCMNI HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ,
CHN]LJL?N? =B?A;LX Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? I ;LN NCJC@C=; I @;NI B;P?H>I ;
JIMMC<CFC>;>?>;I=ILL^H=C;>?CF_=CNIJ?H;FGCFCN;L
IHNO>I =IGI DX PCGIM ?MM; NCJC@C=;\[I JIL MC Ma H[I <;MN; J;L;
=;L;=N?LCT;L I @;NI =IGI =LCG? GCFCN;L G?MGI JILKO? I ;LN >I - N;G
<]G NCJC@C=; ; =IH>ON; JI>?H>I >; G?MG; @ILG; B;P?L I CF_=CNI J?H;F
=IGOG +?MM? GIG?HNI MOLA? ; H?=?MMC>;>? >; ;HXFCM? MCMN?GXNC=; >I
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L <OM=;H>I ; =IGJF?G?HN;\[I >I NCJI F?A;F JL?PCMNI H;
-;LN? $?L;F J?FI ;LN I KO? ?HOG?L;LX ;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ?G KO? I CF_=CNI
>CMJIMNI H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F M? =;L;=N?LCT;LX =IGI GCFCN;L tipicidade
indireta
,<PC;G?HN? M? I >?FCNI Ma ?MNCP?L =;JCNOF;>I HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN
;L <;MN;LX J;L; KO? B;D; =LCG? GCFCN;L ?G L?AL; ; MO<MOH\[I >? ;=IL>I
=IG IM ?F?G?HNIM >IM NCJIM F?A;CM =IHMN;HN?M >; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F M;FPI M? I
;A?HN? @IL GCFCN;L CH;NCPI L?@ILG;>I IO >; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; IO =CPCF
KO;H>I M?LX CGJL?M=CH>_P?F ; =IGJF?G?HN;\[I J?FI CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I

=IH@ILG?P?L?GIM
-IL P?T?M HI ?HN;HNI ; >?=CM[I JIL =LCG? =IGOG IO GCFCN;L M?LX
GOCNI =IGJF?R; MOM=CN;H>I OG P?L>;>?CLI =IH@FCNI >? HILG;M KO? ?G<IL;
;J;L?HN? >?P?M?LMIFO=CIH;>IJ;L;H[IJIMMC<CFCN;L>OJF;CHN?LJL?N;\[I

, =IH@FCNI ;J;L?HN? >? HILG;M IO =IH=OLMI ;J;L?HN? >? HILG;M ]

; oMCNO;\[I KO? I=ILL? KO;H>I ;I G?MGI @;NI J;L?=?G M?L ;JFC=;>;M >O;M IO
G;CM HILG;M @ILG;H>I OG =IH@FCNI ;J?H;M ;J;L?HN? 0OLA? HI OHCP?LMI >;
;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F KO;H>I ?MN; ?HNL; ?G =IH@LIHNI =IG IONLIM >CMJIMCN
CPIMJ?H;CM CFOMILC;G?HN?;JFC=XP?CM;IG?MGI=;MIp[463]
-;L; ; MIFO\[I >IM ;J;L?HN?M =IH@FCNIM KO? ?P?HNO;FG?HN? MOLD;G
IM IJ?L;>IL?M >I !CL?CNI J;L; ; ?M=IFB; >; HILG; J?H;F ;>?KO;>; J;L;
;<L;HA?L I =;MI ;H;FCM;>I F;H\;G G[I >? ;FAOHM JLCH=_JCIM ; M;<?L especialidade subsidiariedade consuno ? alternatividade
-IL ;JFC=;\[I >I princpio da especialidade NI>; P?T KO? BIOP?L ;
JIMM_P?F ?HN?H>;
M? JIMMC<CFC>;>? ;J;L?HN? ;JFC=;\[I >? >O;M IO G;CM
HILG;M >?P?
M? IJN;L J?F; HILG; ?MJ?=C;F G;CM ?MJ?=_@C=; ?G >?NLCG?HNI
>; HILG; A?H]LC=; ;N?H>?H>I
M? ;I <LI=;L>I lex specialis derogat generali
HILG;?MJ?=C;F>?LLIA;HILG;A?L;F
IGI ?R?GJFI H; F?M[I =ILJIL;F =OFJIM; H; =IH>O\[I >? P?_=OFI
;ONIGINIL ;JFC=;
M? I a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI ?G >?NLCG?HNI >I a>CAI -?H;F
=IGOG JICM I NCJI >; F?M[I =ILJIL;F >I a>CAI -?H;F ] A?H]LC=I ?HKO;HNI I
NCJI >I a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI =IHN]G P?_=OFI ;ONIGINIL =IGI CHMNLOG?HNI >I
=LCG?
3?D;GIM;AIL;I princpio da subsidiariedade
+[I L;L;G?HN? I !CL?CNI -?H;F JIMMOC NCJIM CH=LCGCH;>IL?M KO? JI
>?G ?HKO;>L;L OG G?MGI @;NI JIL]G OG; >;M HILG;M ?MNX =IHNC>; >? ;F
AOG; @ILG; H; IONL; ?PC>?H=C;H>I OG; L?F;\[I >? MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? ? >?

JLCG;LC?>;>? +?MM? =;MI I<PC;G?HN? I ;ONIL >; F?M[I H[I JI>?LX L?MJIH
>?L JIL NI>IM IM =LCG?M =;<_P?CM >?P?H>I

M? ?F?A?L OG; >;M HILG;M J;L; ;J
FC=;\[I JL?P;F?=?H>I J?FI JLCH=_JCI >; MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? ; KO? @IL JLCH=CJ;F

G;CM;GJF; ?G>?NLCG?HNI>;KO?F;M?=OH>XLC; MO<MC>CXLC;
-;L; CN?H=IOLN JI>?GIM L?=IHB?=?L OG; oL?F;\[I >? JLCG;L
C?>;>? ? >? MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? ?HNL? >O;M HILG;M KO;H>I >?M=L?P?G AL;OM >?
PCIF;\[I >? OG G?MGI <?G DOL_>C=I >? GI>I KO? ; HILG; MO<MC>CXLC; ]

;@;MN;>; J?F; ;JFC=;<CFC>;>? >; HILG; JLCH=CJ;Fp[464] IHNO>I =IG ;

>?PC>; P^HC; ;I G?MNL? >I /CI $L;H>? >I 0OF BX =;MIM ?G KO? ; MO<MC>C;L
C?>;>? MIFO=CIH; I =IH@FCNI ?HNL? HILG;M KO? NON?F;G <?HM DOL_>C=IM >CP?L
MIM ? I JLaJLCI ;ONIL L?=IHB?=? ?MM; JIMMC<CFC>;>? ;I ?R?GJFC@C=;L =IGI

MO<MC>CXLCI I =LCG? >? PCIF;\[I >? >IGC=_FCI ;LN >I - m KO? HCNC>;
G?HN? NON?F; ; M?AOL;H\; ; CHNCGC>;>? ? ; PC>; JLCP;>; >I =C>;>[I m ?G L?
F;\[I ;I =LCG? >? @OLNI m KO? NON?F; I J;NLCGbHCI *?FBIL ?HN[I =IH=?HNL;L
I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >; MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? H[I H; NON?F; ?MJ?=_@C=; >I <?G
DOL_>C=I G;M H; =IGJIMC\[I >I NCJI J?H;F JLCH=CJ;F KO? >? ;FAOG GI>I >?
P? F?P;L Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? =IHN]G I NCJI J?H;F MO<MC>CXLCI =IGI ;FCXM I @;T
+O==C ;I >CMJIL MCGJF?MG?HN? KO? OG; oHILG; ] =IHMC>?L;>; MO<MC>CXLC;
?G L?F;\[I Y IONL; KO;H>I ; =IH>ON; H?F; JL?PCMN; CHN?AL; I NCJI >; JLCH=CJ;F
lex primaria derogat subsidiariae MCAHC@C=;H>I KO? ; F?C JLCH=CJ;F ;@;MN; ;
;JFC=;\[I>?F?CM?=OH>XLC;p[465]
MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? =OGJL?;HIN;L JI>?M?L?RJL?MM;IONX=CN;
1?G
M? ; MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? ?RJL?MM; KO;H>I ; JLaJLC; HILG; J?H;F
JL?P^ MO; ;JFC=;\[I ;J?H;M KO;H>I H[I BIOP?L IONL; HILG; CH=LCGCH;>IL;
>? G;CIL AL;PC>;>? AL;@;H>I
M? HI N?RNI >; HILG; MO<MC>CXLC; ?RJL?MMd?M
=IGI oM? I @;NI H[I =IHMNCNOC =LCG? G;CM AL;P?p IO ;HXFIA; IGI ?R?GJFI
NIG?GIM I =LCG? >? >?ML?MJ?CNI ; MOJ?LCIL ;LN >I -* ?G KO? ; ?R
JL?MM[I ;=CG; =CN;>; ?MNX AL;@;>; HI JL?=?CNI M?=OH>XLCI >I NCJI o-?H; m
>?N?H\[I >?NL^MG?M?M;OG;HI M?I@;NIH[I=IHMNCNOC=LCG?G;CMAL;P?p
'X ; MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? NX=CN; IO CGJF_=CN; ] L?=IHB?=C>; KO;H>I OG

NCJI J?H;F =IHMNCNOCL IONLI NCJI CH=LCGCH;>IL G;DILX
FI IO =IH@CAOL;L
M? ?G
G?CI JLXNC=I >? MO; ?R?=O\[I[466] IO M?D; HILG; MO<MC>CXLC; =IHMNCNOC IO
@OH=CIH; =IGI G?=;HCMGI >? ;AL;P;\[I >; HILG; JLCH=CJ;F
IGI ?R?G
JFIM JI>?GIM =CN;L I =LCG? >? >;HI ;LN >I -* MO<MC>CXLCI ;I >?
@OLNI KO;FC@C=;>I J?F; >?MNLOC\[I IO LIGJCG?HNI >? I<MNX=OFI ;LN g
I & >I -* ? I =LCG? >? =IHMNL;HACG?HNI CF?A;F ;LN >I -* MO<
MC>CXLCI;I=LCG?>??MNOJLI;LN>I -*
"GM?AOC>; N?GIMI princpio da consuno

-IL P?T?M ; L?F;\[I ?HNL? ;M HILG;M ?G =IH@FCNI H[I ] >? JLCG;L
C?>;>? ? MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? G;M >? @;NI >?M=LCNI G;CM AL;P? ?G L?F;\[I ; IONLI
>?M=LCNI ?G HILG; J?H;F >CP?LM; G?HIM AL;P? -;L; CN?H=IOLN oBX =IHMOH
\[I KO;H>I I @;NI JL?PCMNI ?G >?N?LGCH;>; HILG; ] =IGJL??H>C>I ?G

IONL; G;CM;<L;HA?HN? ;JFC=;H>I
M?MIG?HN??MN;p[467].
+IN?
M? KO? KO;H>I NL;N;GIM >? MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? @;F;GIM ?G ?H
=;CR? >? OG; norma MO<MC>CXLC; ?G IONL; JLCH=CJ;F ? ;AIL; @;F;GIM ?G

fato G;CM AL;P? ;<L;HA?H>I @;NI G?HIM AL;P? ?G OG; L?F;\[I H; KO;F ?G
L?AL; IG;CMAL;P?;<MILP?=IHMIG?IG?HIMAL;P?
-I>? I=ILL?L ; =IHMOH\[I N;G<]G KO;H>I OG @;NI =LCGCH;FCT;>I
J?F; HILG; ] G?CI H?=?MMXLCI J;L; ; JLXNC=; >? IONLI @;NI =LCGCHIMI ? H?MM?
=;MI H?G M?GJL? I =LCG? =IHMOGC>I ] G?HIM AL;P? KO? ;KO?F? KO? I
=IHMOGCO
"G P?L>;>? GOCNI >C@_=CF ] ; >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >;

MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? IO >; =IHMOH\[I ?G OG =;MI =IH=L?NI G;M H?MM? GCMN?L
@?FCT@IC;>C@?L?H=C;\[INL;TC>;JIL#?LH;H>I ;J?T
o +; P?L>;>? ; >CMNCH\[I ?MNX ;J?H;M HI ?H@IKO? >;>I H; CH
=C>^H=C; >I JLCH=_JCI +; MO<MC>C;LC?>;>? ?G @OH\[I >I @;NI =IH=L?NI

JL;NC=;>I =IGJ;L;G
M? ;M HILG;M J;L; M? M;<?L KO;F ] ; ;JFC=XP?F +; =IH
MOH\[I M?G L?=ILL?L YM HILG;M =IGJ;L;G

M? IM @;NIM P?LC@C=;H>I
M? KO? I
G;CMAL;P?;<MILP?IM>?G;CMp[468]
=IHMOH\[I =IH@ILG? ;=CG; >?@CHC>; JI>? M?L ?H=IHNL;>; ?G ;F
AOG;MMCNO;\d?MKO?G?L?=?G>?MN;KO? ;M;<?L
progresso criminosa m @?HbG?HI L?=IHB?=C>I KO;H>I I ;A?HN?

CHC=C;FG?HN? N?G ; CHN?H\[I >? JL;NC=;L =LCG? G?HIM AL;P? ?PIFOCH>I ;JaM
; JLXNC=; >?MN? J;L; OG IONLI >?FCNI G;CM AL;P? ?R OG MOD?CNI N?G I >IFI
>? =;OM;L OG; F?M[I F?P? H; P_NCG; ;JaM =IHMOG;>; ?MM; F?M[I I ;A?HN?
>?=C>? =;OM;L
FB? F?Md?M AL;P?M ? ?G M?AOC>; >?=C>? G;NX
F; =IHMOG;H>I I
=LCG?H?MM?=;MI IBIGC=_>CI J?F;=IHMOH\[I ;<MILP?LX;MF?Md?M

oantefactump no punvel m MCNO;\[I KO? M? ;JL?M?HN; KO;H>I

OG @;NI ] G?CI H?=?MMXLCI J;L; ; JLXNC=; >? IONLI @;NI =LCGCHIMI ?R OG
MOD?CNI ;=B; OG; @IFB; >? =B?KO? @;FMC@C=; ; ;MMCH;NOL; ? ; ONCFCT; J;L; @;T?L
OG; =IGJL; H?MM? =;MI ; @;FMC@C=;\[I ] OG G?CI H?=?MMXLCI J;L; ; JLXNC=;
>I =LCG? >? ?MN?FCIH;NI ? M? ?R;OL? =IG ?F? IO M?D; ; @;FMC@C=;\[I H[I JI>?LX
M?L ONCFCT;>; J;L; ; JLXNC=; >? IONLIM =LCG?M I ?MN?FCIH;NI ;<MILP? ; @;FMC
@C=;\[I ? HIN?
M? ; J?H; >I ?MN?FCIH;NI ] G?HIL KO? ; J?H; >I =LCG? >?
@;FMI ?MM; MCNO;\[I ?H=IHNL; AO;LC>; H; 0eGOF; >I 01'[469] G;M N?G
MC>I=LCNC=;>;J?F;>IONLCH;[470]
opostfactump no punvel m H?MM; MCNO;\[I BX ; JLXNC=; >? OG
@;NI KO? M? ?HN?H>? =IHM?KO^H=C; H;NOL;F FaAC=; >I JLCG?CLI @;NI =LCGCHIMI
?R OG MOD?CNI @OLN; OG I<D?NI ? I P?H>? I @;NI >? I ;A?HN? N?L P?H>C>I I

<?G @OLN;>I ] CLL?F?P;HN? N?H>I ?G PCMN; KO? I @OLNI H[I >?CR;LX >? M?L
JOHC>I
crime progressivo m ;KOC DX N?GIM OG; I@?HM; JLIAL?MMCP; ;I
<?G DOL_>C=I >? GI>I KO? I >IFI >?M>? I CH_=CI ] ;NCHACL I =LCG? G;CM
;<L;HA?HN? H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? J;MM;H>I JIL ?MNXACIM CHN?LG?>CXLCIM M?G KO?

I ;ONIL M? >^ =IHN; >CMMI J;L; ?R?GJFC@C=;L NIG?
M? OG MOD?CNI KO? N?G I
>IFI >? G;N;L ; P_NCG; ? J;L; CMMI ONCFCT;
M? >? OG CHMNLOG?HNI KO;FKO?L
KO? P;C =;OM;H>I F?Md?M >?M>? ;M F?P?M YM AL;P_MMCG;M ;N] =B?A;L Y =IH
MOG;\[I >I =LCG? H?MM? =;MI I BIGC=_>CI ;<MILP? ;M F?Md?M JILKO;HNI I

>IFI ?L; >? G;N;L ; P_NCG; >?P?
M? HIN;L KO? H; JLIAL?MM[I =LCGCHIM; I
>IFI H[I ?L; eHC=I >?M>? I JLCH=_JCI G;M @IC ?PIFOCH>I =IG I N?GJI
JLCG?CLI KO?LC; =;OM;L F?Md?M F?P?M ;JaM CMMI F?Md?M AL;P?M ? @CH;FG?HN?
>?=C>COG;N;L;P_NCG;
-IL@CG NL;>C=CIH;FG?HN? N?GIMI princpio da alternatividade
"MM? JLCH=_JCI >?P? M?L CHPI=;>I KO;H>I BIOP?L OG; Ma HILG;

=IHN?H>I PXLC;M =IH>ON;M IO M?D; PXLC;M @ILG;M >? L?;FCT;\[I >? OG =LCG?
=IGI HI =;MI >I =LCG? >? NLX@C=I >? >LIA;M MMCG KO?G NL;HMJILN; ; >LIA;
J;L; >?JICM P?H>^
F; H[I JI>? L?MJIH>?L >O;M P?T?M J?FI =LCG? >I ;LN
>I -*

%X HI ?HN;HNI IONLI ?HN?H>CG?HNI ;=?L=; >I JLCH=_JCI >; ;FN?LH
;NCPC>;>? M?AOH>I I KO;F o; ;JFC=;\[I >? OG; HILG; ; OG @;NI ?R=FOC ; ;J
FC=;<CFC>;>? >? IONL; KO? N;G<]G I JL?P^ >? ;FAOG GI>I =IGI >?FCNI "R
I @;NI =IHDOH\[I =;LH;F J?LGCN? I ?HKO;>L;G?HNI HIM >?FCNIM >? ?MNOJLI
;LN JIMM? M?RO;F G?>C;HN? @L;O>? ;LN ? ;N] G?MGI ;MM]>CI M?RO
;F ;LN
MMCG ?F?CNI I ?MNOJLI ?MN[I ;ONIG;NC=;G?HN? ;@;MN;>IM IM
>?FCNIM>?JIMM?M?RO;FG?>C;HN?@L;O>??;MM]>CIM?RO;Fp[471]
J?M;L >?MM; M?AOH>; PCM[I ;=?L=; >I JLCH=_JCI JL?@?LCGIM ;
JLCG?CL; =IH@ILG;\[I JILKO;HNI >; @ILG; =IGI ?RJIMNI H; M?AOH>; P?L
N?HN? I JLCH=_JCI >; ;FN?LH;NCPC>;>? H[I M?LX H;>; G;CM KO? OG; =IHM?KO^H
=C;FaAC=;>IM>?G;CMJLCH=_JCIM
3;F? F?G<L;L KO? J;L; ;FAOHM >IONLCH;>IL?M ; ?R?GJFI >? 'ILA?

F<?LNI /IG?CLI N;G<]G ] JIMM_P?F ; ?RN?HM[I >I JLCH=_JCI in dubio pro reo
J;L; ; MIFO\[I >IM =IH@FCNIM ;J;L?HN?M >? HILG;M I KO? HIM J;L?=? ;>
?KO;>I M?GJL? KO? @IL CGJIMM_P?F ; MIFO\[I J?FIM JLCH=_JCIM JL?=?>
?HN?M[472]
3IFN?GIMY>CM=OMM[I>I;LN I >I -*
, ;LN I >I -* JIMMOC NL^M CH=CMIM ,M CH=CMIM & ? && L?@?L?G

M? ;
=LCG?M JL;NC=;>IM JIL GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; ?HKO;HNI I CH=CMI &&& =IH>?HM; ;M
BCJaN?M?M ?G KO? OG =CPCF IO GCFCN;L CH;NCPI L?@ILG;>I IO >; L?M?LP; L?GO
H?L;>; @CAOL;G =IGI MOD?CNI ;NCPI >I =LCG? GCFCN;L V @;NI KO? IM CH=CMIM & ?
&& H[I G?H=CIH;G ?G M?O N?RNI I @;NI >? M? ;JFC=;L?G MIG?HN? ; GCFCN;L?M >;
;NCP; =IHNO>I M;<?H>I KO? I CH=CMI &&& M? L?@?L? ;IM CH;NCPIM ? ;IM =CPCM I
KO? @;T ?RJL?MM;G?HN? JIL =IHNL;JIMC\[I IM >ICM JLCG?CLIM CH=CMIM Ma
JI>?GL?@?LCL
M?;IMGCFCN;L?M>;;NCP;
+; >C@?L?H=C;\[I ?HNL? IM CH=CMIM & ? && >?P?
M? HIN;L KO? ; F?C J?H;F
GCFCN;L OM; I =LCN]LCI >? M?G?FB;H\; IO H[I >I >?FCNI GCFCN;L JL;NC=;>I ; OG
>?FCNI JL?PCMNI H; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG MMCG KO;H>I OG GCFCN;L >;
;NCP; JL;NC=;L OG =LCG? GCFCN;L KO? MIG?HN? ?MN?D; =;JCNOF;>I HI a>CAI
-?H;F *CFCN;L IO KO? ?MN?D; H?MN? =;JCNOF;>I >? @ILG; >CP?LM; >; F?ACMF;\[I
J?H;F
=IGOG
;JFC=;L?GIM
CH=CMI
&
KO?
H[I
JIMMOC
;F_H?;M

=IGJF?G?HN;>IL;M >; NCJC=C>;>? =IGI P?L?GIM -IL IONLI <IL>I M? I =LCG?

JL;NC=;>I J?FI GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; JIMMOCL =;JCNOF;\[I HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?
H; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG ;JFC=;L?GIM I CH=CMI && =IG MO;M ;F_H?;M
=IGJF?G?HN;>IL;M
!?P?
M? HI ?HN;HNI N?L =;ON?F; H?MM; =IGJ;L;\[I ?HNL? -* ? F?
ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG H[I JI>?H>I ;@CAOL;L

M? ?G OG; =IGJ;L;\[I ipsis
litteris ,=ILL? KO? ?G MOLACL;G >ICM =a>CAIM J?H;CM KO;CM M?D;G I
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L NL;TC>I J?FI !?=L?NI
)?C H ? I a>CAI -?H;F
=IGOG NL;TC>I J?FI !?=L?NI
)?C H >? >? IONO<LI >? J;L;
?HNL;L ?G PCAIL ?G I >? D;H?CLI >? +I ?HN;HNI I - =IGOG >?
?G<IL; ?G vacatio legis H[I ?HNLIO ?G PCAIL M?H>I L?PIA;>I I KO? F?PIO Y
JL?P;F^H=C; >; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG KO? ?MN;P; PCA?H>I Y
]JI=; KO;F M?D; I >? KO? MI<L?PCP? ;N] IM >C;M >? BID? =IG ;FAOG;M
;FN?L;\d?MJIHNO;CM
-IL ?MM; L?;FC>;>? BCMNaLC=; @X=CF J?L=?<?L KO? KO;H>I I F?ACMF;>IL
J?H;F
GCFCN;L J?HMIO ?G =LCG? GCFCN;L =IG C>^HNC=; NCJC@C=;\[I H; F?ACMF;\[I
J?H;F =IGOG J?HMIO ?G OG; =IGJ;L;\[I =IG I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG >?
? H[I =IG I ;NO;FG?HN? ?G PCAIL >?M>? F?P;H>I Y H?=?MMC>;>?
>? OG; L?@ILGOF;\[I H?MM; N;L?@; >? =IGJ;L;L ;M >O;M F?ACMF;\d?M HI M?H
NC>I >? KO? M?D; ?F; OG; N;L?@; ;NL?F;>; Y -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I !?=L?NI
)?C H
>?>?IONO<LI>?
"G IONL;M J;F;PL;M HIMM; JLIJIMN; ] KO? ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I >I ;LN I

>I -* MCA; OG; FCHB; N?F?IFaAC=; =IGJ;L;H>I
M? ; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IG I >CJFIG; JL?N?H>C>I J?FI F?ACMF;>IL J?H;F
GCFCN;L )?G<L?GI
HIM >? KO? ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I N?F?IFaAC=; <OM=; ; ;JFC=;\[I
>; CHN?LJL?N;\[I FaAC=; ;I N?GJI >; ;JFC=;\[I HILG; CHN?LJL?N;>; IO M?D;
<OM=;
M? ; ?R?GJFI >; CHN?LJL?N;\[I FaAC=; I ?M=IJI >; HILG; G;M HI GI
G?HNI>?MO;;JFC=;\[I+?MM?=IHN?RNI ;G?FBILMIFO\[IJ;L;;=IGJ;L;\[I

>?P? M?L >; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I -* =IG ; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I - >? JICM
?MM; @IC ; CHN?H\[I >I F?ACMF;>IL ;I C>?;FCT;L I ;LN I >I a>CAI -?H;F
;MNL?HM?

*;FAL;>I HIMM; PCM[I HI ?HN;HNI M;<?GIM KO? B;P?LX GOCN; L?M
CMN^H=C; ?G ;=?CNX
F; JILKO;HNI ?MN;L?GIM OM;H>I =IGI J;LZG?NLI >? =IG
J;L;\[I OG; F?ACMF;\[I L?PIA;>; >? GI>I KO? =?LN;G?HN? B;P?LX IJ
?L;>IL?M KO? JL?@?L?G ; =IGJ;L;\[I =IG ; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I PCA?HN? a>CAI
-?H;F *CFCN;L I<LCA;H>I
HIM ; J?HM;L N;G<]G H?MM; JIMMC<CFC>;>?
=IH=FOCH>I
M? KO? ?MM; N;L?@; m ?G<IL; H[I ; ?HN?H>;GIM =IGI ; G;CM ;>
?KO;>; m ] JIMM_P?F >?M>? KO? M? ONCFCT? >? OG; =IGJ;L;\[I substancial ?

limitada temporalmente
"G JLCG?CLI ;JILN? ; =IGJ;L;\[I >?P? M?L MO<MN;H=C;F ? H[I
;J?H;M FCN?L;F "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M DX KO? I - =IGOG >? J;LZG?NLI
C>?;F >? =IGJ;L;\[I H; HIMM; PCM[I D;G;CM PCA?O BID? ?G @;=? >; -;LN?
"MJ?=C;F >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG >? ? >; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F ?RNL;P;A;HN?
I CHN]LJL?N? >?P? P?LC@C=;L ] M? BX OG; C>?HNC>;>? substancial >I NCJI J?H;F
GCFCN;L?GL?F;\[I;INCJIJ?H;F=IGOG
-;L; @;=CFCN;L ; =IGJL??HM[I NIG?GIM I ?R?GJFI >I =LCG? >? =IL
LOJ\[I J;MMCP; +I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG >? BID? ?G PCAIL I >?FCNI
P?G >?M=LCNI =IG ; M?AOCHN? L?>;\[I HI ;LN o0IFC=CN;L IO L?=?<?L J;L;
MC IO J;L; IONL?G >CL?N; IO CH>CL?N;G?HN? ;CH>; KO? @IL; >; @OH\[I IO
;HN?M >? ;MMOGC
F; G;M ?G L;T[I >?F; P;HN;A?G CH>?PC>; IO ;=?CN;L
JLIG?MM; >? N;F P;HN;A?Gp 'X HI -* ;LN ; L?>;\[I >I NCJI J?H;F
?R=FOC I P?LCL?N; IO CH>CL?N;G?HN? ;CH>; KO? @IL; >; @OH\[I IO ;HN?M >? ;MMOGC
F;
G;M ?G L;T[I >?F; P;HN;A?G CH>?PC>; IO ;=?CN;L JLIG?MM; >? N;F P;HN
;A?Gp[473] +; =IGJ;L;\[I FCN?L;F @;=CFG?HN? M? J?L=?<? KO? I NCJI J?H;F

=IGOG >I - ?G PCAIL JIMMOC OG; GI>;FC>;>? H[I JL?M?HN? HI M?O =ILL?F
;NI >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO;F M?D; ; GI>;FC>;>? oMIFC=CN;Lp I KO? F?P;LC;
Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? J;L; @CHM >? ;JFC=;\[I >I ;LN I IM NCJIM J?H;CM M[I >CM
NCHNIM I KO? JI>?LC; F?P;L I CHN]LJL?N? ; ?HKO;>L;L I =LCG? HI CH=CMI & >I
;LN I >I -* +; HIMM; JLIJIMN; m ;FN?LH;NCP; PCMNI KO? @LCM;GIM I C>?;F
M?LC; =IGJ;L;L I >CMJIMCNCPI J?H;F GCFCN;L =IG I - =IGOG >? m KO?
JLCPCF?AC; OG =LCN]LCI MO<MN;H=C;F ? H[I ;J?H;M FCN?L;F >?P?L
M?
C; =IHMC>?L;L
I >?FCNI >? =ILLOJ\[I J;MMCP; >I -* =IGI M?G?FB;HN? ;I >?FCNI >I a>CAI

-?H;F =IGOG JILKO;HNI ;M GI>;FC>;>?M oL?=?<?Lp ? o;=?CN;L JLIG?MM;p

JL?M?HN?M HI =LCG? GCFCN;L ?G >?MN;KO? ?MN[I =IHNC>;M HI NCJI J?H;F >I
a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ;J?H;M H[I ?RCMNCH>I OG; GI>;FC>;>? oMIFC=CN;Lp
>?P?H>I
M? JILN;HNI ;JFC=;L I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >I -* H[I ;>I\[I
>?MM? =LCN]LCI MO<MN;H=C;F HIN?
M? F?P;LC; ; OG; ;<MOL>; >CMNCH\[I HI M?CI
>IM =LCG?M =IHNL; ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L JILKO;HNI B;P?LC; =LCG?M ; ?R
?GJFI >; =IH=OMM[I =IG C>^HNC=; >?@CHC\[I HIM ;LNM >I a>CAI -?H;F
=IGOG ? >I -* ?G KO? ;JFC=;L_;GIM I CH=CMI && ?HKO;HNI ?RCMNCLC;G
IONLIM ; ?R?GJFI >I KO? M? >?GIHMNLIO H; =ILLOJ\[I J;MMCP; ?G KO? ;JFC
=;L_;GIM I CH=CMI & ;G<IM >I ;LN I >I -* JIMMC<CFC>;>? KO? ?G HIMM;
PCM[I >?P? M?L L?=B;\;>; J?F; <OM=; >? OG; M?G?FB;H\; MO<MN;H=C;F ? H[I
;J?H;MFCN?L;F
!?P? ;CH>; ; =IGJ;L;\[I ?HNL? I NCJI >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ? I

>; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG ?H=IHNL;L OG; limitao temporal L?GIHN;H>I
Y ]JI=; >? MOLACG?HNI >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IGI M? JLI>OT_MM?GIM OG;
@INIAL;@C; >;M >O;M F?ACMF;\d?M =IGOG ? GCFCN;L ?G I >? D;H?CLI >?
? I =IN?DI m MO<MN;H=C;F L?MM;FN?
M? J?FI KO? DX M? ?RJbM m M?GJL? ONCFCT;MM?
?MM; L?;FC>;>? >? MILN? KO? I ?HKO;>L;G?HNI =IGI M?G?FB;HN? IO H[I Y F?
ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG >?P? N?L JIL J;LZG?NLI I N?RNI ILCACH;F >I -* H;
>;N; >? MO; ?HNL;>; ?G PCAIL ? I N?RNI >; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG >; ]JI=;
m CMMI @LCM?
M? G;CM OG; P?T M? H[I ;=?CN; HIMM; JLIJIMN; CHC=C;F >? =IG
J;L;\[I ?HNL? -* ? - >? m KO? HI JF;HI =I>C@C=;>I L?MM;FN?

M?
L?@?L?
M? ;I N?RNI ILCACH;F >; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG >?
OG; P?T KO? I !?=L?NI

)?C H J;LZG?NLI C>?;F >?
=IGJ;L;\[I ?H=IHNL;P;
M??G vacatio legis D;G;CM?HNL;H>I?GPCAIL
!?@?H>?GIM ?MM; MCNO;\[I JIL OG MCGJF?M @;NI KO;F M?D; I >? KO?
;M F?ACMF;\d?M J?H;CM =IGOG ? GCFCN;L JI>?G MI@L?L ;FN?L;\d?M H; >?M=LC\[I
N_JC=; m I KO? I=ILL? =IG GOCNI G;CM @L?KO^H=C; =IG I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG
m CGJILN;H>I ?G OG G;CIL >CMN;H=C;G?HNI ?HNL? ?F;M >CHZGC=; >;M ;F
N?L;\d?M F?ACMF;NCP;M ] ?G L?AL; >?M;MNLIM; &MMI H[I MIG?HN? ?G @OH\[I >?

F?CM G;FP?LM;>;M G;M ?G @OH\[I >I ?MKO?=CG?HNI >; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F

GCFCN;L "G IONLIM N?LGIM ? >? @ILG; <?G G;CM MCGJF?M ;FN?L;
M? I a>CAI
-?H;F =IGOG ? ?MKO?=?
M? >? ;FN?L;L I =ILL?F;NI ;LNCAI >I a>CAI -?H;F
*CFCN;L
1IG?GIM JIL ?R?GJFI I =LCG? >? ?MNOJLI +; L?>;\[I ILCACH;F >I
-* ;N] BID? G;HNC>; =;JCNOF;
M? I >?FCNI HI ;LN =IG ; M?AOCHN?
L?>;\[I o IHMNL;HA?L GOFB?L ; =IHDOH\[I =;LH;F G?>C;HN? PCIF^H=C; IO
AL;P? ;G?;\;p IGJ;L;H>I I N?RNI N;G<]G ILCACH;F >I a>CAI -?H;F >?
m L?MM;FN?
M? G;CM OG; P?T KO? I C>?;F M?LC; ; =IGJ;L;\[I =IG I ;LN
>I !?=L?NI
)?C H M?G ; ;FN?L;\[I >; )?C H >? >?
>?T?G<LI >? m ?G I >? D;H?CLI >? N_HB;GIM HI ;LN ;
M?AOCHN? L?>;\[I o IHMNL;HA?L GOFB?L Y =IHDOH\[I =;LH;F G?>C;HN? PCIF^H
=C; IO AL;P? ;G?;\;p -ILN;HNI N_HB;GIM MO<MN;H=C;F ? ;N] FCN?L;FG?HN? NC
JIM J?H;CM C>^HNC=IM I KO? F?P;LC; ; ?HKO;>L;L I >?FCNI GCFCN;L HI CH=CMI &&
>I ;LN I >I -* ,=ILL? KO? ; )?C H >? >? ;AIMNI >? ;FN?L
IO I NCJI J?H;F >I ?MNOJLI HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ?MKO?=?H>I

M? >? JLI
=?>?L ; ;FN?L;\[I HI NCJI J?H;F GCFCN;L =ILL?F;NI >? MILN? KO? I =LCG? =IGOG
>? ?MNOJLI ?G<IL; =;JCNOF;>I ;CH>; HI ;LN JIMMOC ; M?AOCHN? L?>;\[I
o IHMNL;HA?L algum G?>C;HN? PCIF^H=C; IO AL;P? ;G?;\; ; N?L =IHDOH\[I

=;LH;F IO ; JL;NC=;L IO J?LGCNCL KO? =IG ?F? M? JL;NCKO? outro ato libidinosop
A H IGI M? J?L=?<? ;AIL; IM NCJIM J?H;CM M[I MO<MN;H=C;F ? FCN?L;FG?HN?
>CP?LMIM PCMNI KO? I =LCG? =IGOG >? ?MNOJLI JI>? M?L JL;NC=;>I JIL
KO;FKO?L J?MMI; ? MI< KO;FKO?L @ILG; >? ;NI FC<C>CHIMI ?HKO;HNI I =LCG?
GCFCN;L >? ?MNOJLI MIG?HN? JI>? JIMMOCL JIL ;A?HN? J?MMI; >I M?RI G;M
=OFCHI ? L?MNLCHA?
M? Y =IHDOH\[I =;LH;F 0OLA? JICM ; J?LAOHN; BID? I
=LCG? GCFCN;L >? ?MNOJLI >?P? M?L ?HKO;>L;>I HI CH=CMI & >I ;LN I >I -*
JIL M?L >CP?LMI >;KO?F? =;JCNOF;>I H; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG IO HI CH=CMI

&& >I G?MGI ;LNCAI JIL >?P?L ;CH>; M?L =IGJL??H>C>I =IGI M?G?FB;HN? ;I
M?O=ILL?F;NIH;F?ACMF;\[IJ?H;F=IGOG
"G HIMM; PCM[I ?HN?H>?GIM =IGI DX =IHMCAH;>I KO? ; =IG
J;L;\[I >?P? L?GIHN;L Y >;N; >? I >? D;H?CLI >? L?MJ?CN;H>I ;
L?>;\[I >; ]JI=; >;M F?ACMF;\d?M J?H;CM =IGOG ? GCFCN;L >? GI>I KO? M?
?PCN? ; =IHMN;HN? ;FN?L;\[I >? ?HKO;>L;G?HNI >? OG NCJI J?H;F GCFCN;L HIM

CH=CMIM >I ;LN MCGJF?MG?HN? JIL OG; ;FN?L;\[I F?ACMF;NCP; >?M;MNLIM;

KO? =IGI MaC ;=IHN?=?L ;FN?L;LX I NCJI J?H;F >; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG
?MKO?=?H>I
M? >; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F GCFCN;L -I>?L_;GIM ;N] ;>GCNCL KO? OG;
;FN?L;\[I >? OG NCJI J?H;F HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG MCAHC@C=;MM? OG >?MFI=;
G?HNI >? M?O =ILL?F;NI HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L M? I F?ACMF;>IL IL>CHXLCI ;I

?RJIL M?OM GINCPIM >; ;FN?L;\[I >I NCJI J?H;F =IGOG ?RJL?MM;G?HN? G?H
=CIH;MM? MO; CHN?H\[I ?G NL;MF;>;L I NCJI J?H;F GCFCN;L >I CH=CMI && J;L; I CH
=CMI & >I ;LN I >I -* G;M H[I @IC I KO? I=ILL?O =IG ; )?C H
? H[I ] I KO? I=ILL? H;NOL;FG?HN? =IG ;M ;FN?L;\d?M >; F?C J?H;F
=IGOG
V JIMM_P?F KO? M? CH>;AO? KO;F ; L?F?PZH=C; >?MM? ?MNO>I
?HKO;>L;H>I
M? OG NCJI J?H;F ; ?R?GJFI >I ?MNOJLI HOG IO HIONLI CH=CMI
>I ;LN I >I -* "HN?H>?GIM ?G L?MJIMN; ; ?MM; CH>;A;\[I KO? ;
L?F?PZH=C; >; >CM=OMM[I ? >? M? @CLG;L ; =IGJL??HM[I ; KO? M? JLIJd? ] @OH
>;G?HN;F J;L; ; =;L;=N?LCT;\[I >I =LCG? GCFCN;L DX KO? =IGI PCGIM MO=CHN;
G?HN? ;=CG; ? P?L?GIM G;CM >?NC>;G?HN? ;<;CRI I ?HKO;>L;G?HNI >? OG

NCJI J?H;F HI CH=CMI && >I ;LN I CGJILN;LX J;L; MO; =IH@CAOL;\[I =IGI
=LCG? GCFCN;L H; H?=?MMC>;>? >? =IGJF?G?HN;\[I >; NCJC=C>;>? JIL ;FAOG;M

;F_H?;M >CMJIMN;M HI CH=CMI tipicidade indireta ?HKO;HNI M? ?HKO;>L;LGIM
I NCJI HI CH=CMI & >I G?MGI ;LNCAI ?MM; =IGJF?G?HN;\[I N_JC=; M?LX
JL?M=CH>_P?F
*;CM OG; P?T NL;<;FB?GIM =IG I ?R?GJFI >I ?MNOJLI
;MI ?H
KO;>L?GIM I ?MNOJLI HI CH=CMI && OG GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; MIG?HN? =IG?N?LX I

>?FCNI GCFCN;L >? ?MNOJLI M? I JL;NC=;L =IHNL; IONLI GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; ;F_H?; a
>I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >I -*[474] IO =IHNL; =CPCF GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; IO
L?@ILG;>I >?M>? KO? M?D; ?G FI=;F MI< ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L ;F_H?; b >I CH
=CMI && >I ;LN I >I -* IO =IHNL; =CPCF GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; IO L?@ILG;>I
>?M>? KO? I MOD?CNI ;NCPI ?MN?D; ?G M?LPC\I ;F_H?; c >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >I
-* IO @CH;FG?HN? =IHNL; =CPCF GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; IO L?@ILG;>I >?M>?
KO? I MOD?CNI ;NCPI ?MN?D; ?G J?L_I>I >? G;HI<L; IO ?R?L=_=CI ;F_H?; d >I
CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >I -* +IN?
M? KO? I ?HKO;>L;G?HNI HI CH=CMI && FCG
CN; ; I=ILL^H=C; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L YM ?MNLCN;M BCJaN?M?M >? MO;M ;F_H?;M

L?>OTCH>I M?HMCP?FG?HN? ;M JIMMC<CFC>;>?M >? =IG?NCG?HNI >I >?FCNI

=;MNL?HM? -IL IONLI <IL>I M? F?P;LGIM I ?MNOJLI ?G L;T[I >; ;FN?L;\[I F?
ACMF;NCP; HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG J;L; I CH=CMI & >I ;LN I NI>I =LCG? >?
?MNOJLI JL;NC=;>I JIL GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; M?LX OG =LCG? GCFCN;L JICM HIN?
M?
H[I B;P?LX H?=?MMC>;>? >? =IGJF?G?HN;\[I N_JC=; DX KO? I L?@?LC>I CH=CMI
JL?M=CH>? >?MM; =IGJF?G?HN;\[I >? MILN? KO? M? OG GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; ?M
NOJL;L OG; GOFB?L H[I GCFCN;L ?MN;H>I >? @IFA; ? ?G FI=;F H[I MOD?CNI Y ;>
GCHCMNL;\[IGCFCN;L ;CH>;;MMCGN?L?GIMOG=LCG?GCFCN;LH;MG[IM
JLIJaMCNI >;M =IH=FOMd?M ;=CG; JIL a<PCI I L;=CI=_HCI JI>?

GOCNI <?G M?L ;JFC=;>I J;L; I =IH@LIHNI >IM =LCG?M >? ;N?HN;>I PCIF?HNI ;I
JO>IL ;LN >I -* ? BID? M?G =ILL?F;NI ;I G?HIM =IG ?MM? nomen jur-
is H; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG ? ; =ILLOJ\[I >? G?HIL?M ;LN >I -* ?

BID?JL?PCMN;>?@ILG;MO<MN;H=C;G?HN?>C@?L?HN?HI;LN>I -=IGOG
?G P?L>;>? KO? ;J?H;M J?FI =LCN]LCI >? =IGJ;L;\[I MO<MN;H=C;F ]
JIMM_P?F >?@?H>?L KO? IM =LCG?M >? ?MNOJLI ;N?HN;>I PCIF?HNI ;I JO>IL ?M
N[I JL?PCMNIM H;M >O;M F?ACMF;\d?M J?H;CM >? @ILG; MO<MN;H=C;FG?HN?
C>^HNC=; G;M CG;ACH?

M? JIL ?R?GJFI KO? HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG I
=LCG? >? ;N?HN;>I PCIF?HNI ;I JO>IL @IMM? MCGJF?MG?HN? L?PIA;>I M?G M?L
CHM?LC>I HI NCJI J?H;F >I ?MNOJLI KO;H>I ?HN[I I =LCN]LCI >? FCGCN;\[I N?G
JIL;FM?LC;@OH>;G?HN;F
"G L?MOGI JILN;HNI H; =IGJ;L;\[I >IM NCJIM J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M
=IG IM NCJIM J?H;CM =IGOHM MOMN?HN;GIM ?G JLCG?CLI JF;HI KO? ?MM;

N;L?@; M? >^ N?F?IFIAC=;G?HN? N?H>I JIL J;LZG?NLI I - =IGOG >?
!?=
)?C H >?

1I>;PC; =;MI B;D; L?JOFM; ; ?MM; PCM[I
JIL M? L?@?LCL ; OG; F?ACMF;\[I L?PIA;>; ;I G?HIM >?P?
M? ;@;MN;L OG; CHN?L
JL?N;\[I JOL;G?HN? FCN?L;F JL?MNCAC;H>I

M? OG; N;L?@; KO? <OMKO? ; M?G?F
B;H\; MO<MN;H=C;F ? FCGCN;>; N?GJIL;FG?HN? Y >;N; >? ?HNL;>; ?G PCAIL >I

a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L IOM?D; I >?D;H?CLI>?
-IL @CG ; =IGJ;L;\[I G?H=CIH;>; M?D; KO;F @IL ; JLIJIMN; ;>IN
;>; J;L; >?=C>CL J?F; ;JFC=;\[I >I CH=CMI & IO >I CH=CMI && >I -* >?P? M?L
@?CN; ?G L?F;\[I ;I NCJI J?H;F <;M? ? H[I ?G L?F;\[I YM KO;FC@C=;>IL;M

"R?GJFC@C
=;NCP;G?HN? OG; P?T =IHMN;N;>I KO? IM NCJIM J?H;CM =IGOG ?
GCFCN;L >I BIGC=_>CI M[I M?G?FB;HN?M NI>;M ;M >?G;CM @CAOL;M N_JC=;M KO;FC
@C=;>IL;M GI>;FC>;>?M =OFJIM;M ?N= ;CH>; KO? JL?M?HN?M ?G OG a>CAI ?

H[I ?G IONLI =IGI I =;MI >I CH=CMI 3 >I g I >I ;LN >I -*
oJL?P;F?=?H>I
M? I ;A?HN? >; MCNO;\[I >? M?LPC\Ip KO;FC@C=;>IL; CH?RCMN?HN?
HI g I >I ;LN >I - JIL >?J?H>?L >; @CAOL; N_JC=; CHC=C;F H[I ;@;MN;L[I
;;JFC=;\[I>ICH=CMI&&>I;LN I >I -*
3?D;GIM ;AIL; ;MBCJaN?M?M>I;LN I >I -*
Inciso I do art. 9 I do CPM. -;L; ?MM? CH=CMI =IHMC>?L;G

M?
=LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ?G N?GJI >? J;T IM =LCG?M >? KO? NL;N; I -* oKO;H>I
>?@CHC>IM >? GI>I >CP?LMI H; F?C J?H;F =IGOG IO H?F; H[I JL?PCMNIM
KO;FKO?LKO?M?D;I;A?HN? M;FPI>CMJIMC\[I?MJ?=C;Fp
"MN? CH=CMI H[I L?KO?L ?RJFC=;\d?M JLIFIHA;>;M JILKO;HNI M?O

N?RNI]=F;LI ;<?;J?H;M?R?GJFC@C=;L;MBCJaN?M?MH?F?JL?PCMN;M
"G MO; JLCG?CL; J;LN? I >CMJIMCNCPI NL;N; >IM =LCG?M >?@CHC>IM >?
GI>I >CP?LMI H; F?ACMF;\[I =IGOG ? A I >;HI =OFJIMI ;LN >I -* ?
IM=LCG?M>?o@;T?L>?M;J;L?=?L=ICM;Mp;LNM?>I -*[475]
'X H; MO; M?AOH>; J;LN? I CH=CMI L?@?L?
M? YKO?F?M =LCG?M KO? M[I
=;JCNOF;>IM ;J?H;M HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L H[I B;P?H>I =ILL?MJIH>?HN? H;
F?ACMF;\[I =IGOG MMCG I >?ML?MJ?CNI ; MOJ?LCIL ;LN ; CHMO<GCMM[I
;LN?;>?M?L\[I;LN[476]
J;LN? @CH;F >I >CMJIMCNCPI ;I =IHMCAH;L ; ?RJL?MM[I oKO;FKO?L KO?

M?D; I ;A?HN?p <OM=; >;L OG; ;GJFCNO>? Y HILG; KO? H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F
H[I I=ILL? -IL ?MM? >CMJIMCNCPI I @OLNI >? PC;NOL; >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L =IG ;
CHN?H\[I >? L?MNCNOC\[I JIMN?LCIL @OLNI >? OMI m ;LN >I -* G?MGI
KO? JL;NC=;>I JIL =CPCF M?LC; =LCG? GCFCN;L ? JILN;HNI J;MM_P?F >? L?J
LCG?H>; ;JFC=;>; J?F; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F ,<PC;G?HN? =IG <;M? HI

?RJIMNI HI ;LN g I >; # I =CPCF D;G;CM =IG?N?LX N;F >?FCNI H; ?M@?L;
?MN;>O;F JILKO;HNI ; 'OMNC\; ;MNL?HM? H[I DOFA; =CPCM H?MM; ?M@?L; F?P;H>I
Y;NCJC=C>;>?>I@;NIJ;L;I@ILIGCFCN;L[477]

;<? L?MM;FN;L ;CH>; KO? J;L; ;FAOHM I CH=CMI ?G KO?MN[I M?LC;

;KO?F? KO? NL;N; >IM =LCG?M JLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M JILKO;HNI @;F; ?G NCJIM
CH?RCMN?HN?M HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ? H;KO?F?M =;JCNOF;>IM >? @ILG; >C
P?LM; IGI DX ?RJOM?GIM NI>;PC; ; G?FBIL >?@CHC\[I >? =LCG? JLIJLC;
G?HN? GCFCN;L M?LC; ; JLIP?HC?HN? >; N?ILC; JIMNOF;>; JIL 'ILA? F<?LNI
/IG?CLI =IG ;FAOG;M ;>;JN;\d?M M?AOH>I ; KO;F MIG?HN? IM =LCG?M =OD;
;\[I J?H;F JIMM; M?L JLIJIMN; ;J?H;M =IHNL; GCFCN;L?M JI>?G J?LN?H=?L Y
=F;MM?>IMJLIJLC;G?HN?GCFCN;L?M
!?MM;LN? >?P?
M? ?PCN;L I ?KO_PI=I >? ;JFC=;L ;M ;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI &&
>I ;LN I ?MNO>;>I ?G M?AOC>; ;IM =LCG?M ; KO? M? L?@?L? I CH=CMI & >I
G?MGI ;LNCAI IGI ?R?GJFI OG; PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; MOJ?LCIL ;LN >I
-* ;<L;HAC>; J?FI CH=CMI & H[I H?=?MMCN; M?L JL;NC=;>; ?G FOA;L MOD?CNI Y
>GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L JICM ?MM? ?F?G?HNI ?MJ;=C;F ?MNX JL?PCMNI H; ;F_H?; b
>I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I H[I M? ;JFC=;H>I ;I >?FCNI ?R?GJFC@C=;>I F;LI KO? M?
?MM? ?F?G?HNI ?MJ;=C;F PC?MM? AL;@;>I HI NCJI J?H;F >; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >?P?L
C; ?F? M?L JL??H=BC>I J;L; B;P?L MO<MOH\[I ;I NCJI J?H;F G;M H[I JIL ;J
FC=;\[I >I ;LN I ? MCG JIL NCJC=C>;>? >CL?N; IO ;>?KO;\[I N_JC=; >? MO<IL
>CH;\[I CG?>C;N; =IGI I=ILL? HI =LCG? JL?PCMNI HI ;LN >I -* J?>
?L;MNC;IOIONLI;NI>?FC<C>CH;A?G
%X ?R=?\[I ; ?MM; L?AL; IO M?D; ?RCMN? OG =LCG? KO? ;J?M;L >? ?M
N;L JL?PCMNI ;J?H;M HI -* >?P? M?L =IGJF?G?HN;>I J?FI CH=CMI && >I ;LN
I G;M ?MM; =IH>C\[I MIG?HN? I=ILL?LX KO;H>I ; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L ?RJL?M
M;G?HN? =IG;H>;L 1L;N;

M? >I >?FCNI >? PCIF;\[I >? L?=;NI =;JCNOF;>I HI
;LN >I -* KO? JIL CGJIMC\[I >I ;LN >?P? M?L =IGJF?G?HN;>I
J;L; M?L =LCG? GCFCN;L J?F; ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I "G IONL;M J;F;P
L;M Ma B;P?LX PCIF;\[I >? L?=;NI =LCG? M?G =ILL?F;NI H; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F
=IGOG M? @IL JL;NC=;>I JIL GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IHNL; GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; !?P?
M?
N;G<]G HIN;L KO? BX ; G?MG; JL?PCM[I J;L; IONLIM =LCG?M IO M?D; MIG?HN?
M? NILH;L[I GCFCN;L?M KO;H>I JL;NC=;>IM JIL GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IHNL; GCFCN;L
>; ;NCP; M?H>I I =;MI >IM ;LN PCIF;\[I >? =ILL?MJIH>^H=C; JIL ?R
JL?MM; JL?PCM[I >? M?O g I >CPOFA;\[I >? M?AL?>I JIL ?RJL?MM; JL?
PCM[I >I ;LN ? CH=CMIM >I ;LN >CMJIMC\[I >? =ICM; ;FB?C; =IGI

JLaJLC; JIL ?RJL?MM; JL?PCM[I >I g =IHNO>I N;CM =LCG?M JIMMO?G =ILL?F
;NIM HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG L?MJ?=NCP;G?HN? HIM ;LNM ? CH=CMIM >I
g I >I ;LN ;JFC=;H>I
M? ; L?AL; >? MO<MOH\[I HI CH=CMI && >I ;LN I
JIL]G=IGL?MNLC\[IY;F_H?; a
I
-IL >?LL;>?CLI OG; eFNCG; I<M?LP;\[I ?G L?F;\[I Y NCJC=C>;>? CH
>CL?N; %X ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? OG >?FCNI =;JCNOF;>I ;J?H;M HI -* =;L?=?L

>? =IGJF?G?HN;\[I N_JC=; J?F;M ;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I ;CH>; KO? ;
F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L ?RJL?MM;G?HN? H[I >?N?LGCH? I=ILL?H>I ; =IG<CH;\[I JIL
PC; L?@F?R; V I KO? M? >X JIL ?R?GJFI =IG I =LCG? >? @OLNI >? OMI =;JCNO
F;>I HI ;LN >I -* !? HIN;L KO? N;F >?FCNI ?RCMN? ;J?H;M HI -* =IG
; M?AOCHN? >?M=LC\[I N_JC=; o0? ; =ICM; ] MO<NL;_>; J;L; I @CG >? OMI GI
G?HNZH?I ? ; M?AOCL P?G ; M?L CG?>C;N;G?HN? L?MNCNO_>; IO L?JIMN; HI FOA;L

IH>? M? ;=B;P;p "G OG; JLCG?CL; ;<IL>;A?G JI>?L
M?
C; >?@?H>?L KO?
=IGI I =LCG? >? @OLNI >? OMI ;J?H;M ?H=IHNL; =;JCNOF;\[I HI a>CAI -?H;F
;MNL?HM? <;MN;LC;G IM ?F?G?HNIM N_JC=IM >; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F J;L; ; =IH@CAOL
;\[I >I >?FCNI 1I>;PC; @X=CF J?L=?<?L KO? I =LCG? ?G @I=I J;L; M?L P?LC@C=
;>I >?J?H>? >I JL?=?>?HN? JL??H=BCG?HNI >I NCJI J?H;F KO? I ;HN?=?>? ;
M;<?L I @OLNI MCGJF?M =;JCNOF;>I HI ;LN >I G?MGI a>CAI KO? JIL MO;
P?T ?RCA? =IGJF?G?HN;\[I N_JC=; >;M ;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI && ;LN I JIL JIMMOCL
M?G?FB;HN? JL?PCM[I H; F?C J?H;F =IGOG !?MM; @ILG; =IH=FOC

M? KO? I
@OLNI >? OMI MIG?HN? M?LX =IH@CAOL;>I ?G =;MIM ?G KO? B;D; I JL??H=BC
G?HNI >IM ?F?G?HNIM N_JC=IM >I @OLNI MCGJF?M =IGJF?G?HN;>IM JIL OG; >;M
;F_H?;M>ICH=CMI&&>I;LN I >I -*
Inciso II do art. 9 I do CPM. MCGJFC=C>;>? P?LC@C=;>; HI CH=CMI
& ?HNL?N;HNI H[I M? L?J?N? HI inciso II KO? NL;N; >? =LCG?M =IG >?@CHC\[I
C>^HNC=; HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ? H; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG H[I <;MN;H>I
; =;JCNOF;\[I H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F J;L; KO? ; BCJaN?M? >? =LCG? GCFCN;L M? =IH
=L?NCT? 0IG?HN? N?L?GIM I =LCG? GCFCN;L =IG ; I=ILL^H=C; =IH=IGCN;HN? >?

OG oplusp de condies =IGI ;@CLG; /IG?CLI[478] =IH>C\d?M ?MM;M KO?
M[I?RJL?MM;MJ?F;M;F_H?;M>ICH=CMI?GKO?MN[I
-?FI caput >I CH=CMI && N;G<]G M[I =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ?G N?GJI >?
J;T IM =LCG?M JL?PCMNIM HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?G<IL; N;G<]G I M?D;G

=IG CAO;F >?@CHC\[I H; F?C J?H;F =IGOG m ? ;KOC MOA?LCGIM ?G JLCG?CL; ;F
N?LH;NCP; ; =IGJ;L;\[I =IG I - >? IO >? @ILG; M?=OH>XLC; ; <OM=;

>? OG; M?G?FB;H\; MO<MN;H=C;F ? H[I FCN?L;F =IGI DX >CMJOM?GIM ;=CG; m
KO;H>I JL;NC=;>IM ?G OG; >;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ? =IH>C\d?M ?HOG?L;>;M H;M
;F_H?;M>ICH=CMI ;MKO;CMJ;MM;L?GIM;P?LC@C=;L>?NC>;G?HN?
Alnea a do inciso II do art. 9 I do CPM. ;F_H?; a >I CH
=CMI && ?MN;NOC KO? M[I =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M IM JL;NC=;>IM oJIL GCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I
>? ;NCPC>;>? IO ;MM?G?FB;>I =IHNL; GCFCN;L H; G?MG; MCNO;\[I IO ;MM?G?F
B;>Ip -IL ?MM; MCGJF?M JL?PCM[I ratione personae IO ratione materiae H;

PCM[I NL;>C=CIH;F P?LC@C=;GIM ; H?=?MMC>;>? >? ;>OTCL =IG?HNXLCIM ; OG;
M]LC?>??F?G?HNIMnormativos
-L?FCGCH;LG?HN? BX KO? >?FCGCN;L I =IH=?CNI >? oGCFCN;Lp J;L; @CHM

>? ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L 1;F =IH=?CNI ;I KO;F DX HIM L?@?LCGIM
KO;H>I >I ?MNO>I >; CHN?LJL?N;\[I ? CHN?AL;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L ?MNX ?R
JL?MMI HI JLaJLCI a>CAI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? ?G M?O ;LN =IH@CAOL;H>I

M?
;MMCG OG; CHN?LJL?N;\[I ;ON^HNC=; =IHN?RNO;F JILKO;HNI ?RJFC=; ;
G?HM;A?G >; F?C J?FI JLaJLCI F?ACMF;>IL ,<PC;G?HN? ?MM? ;LNCAI >?P? M?L
CHN?LJL?N;>I >? @ILG; MCMN?GXNC=; =IG I =IG;H>I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >IM ;LNM
? g I CH=FOCH>I IM GCFCN;L?M >IM "MN;>IM H?MM? LIF V >CT?L KO? I ;LN
>I -* A;HBIO G;CIL ;GJFCNO>? CH=ILJIL;H>I IM JIFC=C;CM GCFCN;L?M ? IM
<IG<?CLIM GCFCN;L?M J;L; @CHM >; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L ;I conceito de
omilitarp OGJL? L?F?G<L;L G?MGI KO? M? =IHMC>?L? I L?@?LC>I ;LNCAI
=IGI L?PIA;>I ?G @;=? >; HIP; IL>?G =IHMNCNO=CIH;F BX KO? M? G;HN?L CH
@FO^H=C; H; ;HXFCM? >IM NCJIM J?H;CM JIL CHN?LJL?N;\[I N?F?IFaAC=; =IGI DX

MOMN?HN;GIM;INL;N;L>;CHN?LJL?N;\[I;ON^HNC=;HI -*
+IM N?LGIM >I =CN;>I ;LN =IHMC>?L;
M? GCFCN;L oKO;FKO?L J?MMI;
KO? ?G N?GJI >? J;T IO >? AO?LL; M?D; CH=ILJIL;>; YM @IL\;M ;LG;>;M J;L;
H?F;M M?LPCL ?G JIMNI AL;>O;\[I IO MOD?C\[I Y >CM=CJFCH; GCFCN;Lp IG <;M?
HI N?RNI F?A;F GOCNI J?LMJC=;T M? NILH; ; I<M?LP;\[I >? ]FCI )I<[I ;I ?H
N?H>?L KO? @IC I F?ACMF;>IL =;MNL?HM? L?>OH>;HN? ;I =IHMCAH;L ; ?RJL?MM[I

oGCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>?p H; ;F_H?; ?G ?MNO>I PCMNI KO? ;I ONCFCT;L ;
J;F;PL; oGCFCN;Lp JIL @IL\; >I ;LN =IG ; ?RN?HM[I H?=?MMXLC; >I ;LN

>; )?C *;CIL I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L L?@?L?

M? M?GJL? ; GCFCN;L >;
;NCP;[479] +IN?
M? KO? ; ?R;N; =IGJL??HM[I >?MM? ?F?G?HNI HILG;NCPI ]
GOCNI eNCF CH=FOMCP? ?G NCJIM F?A;CM ;<L;HAC>IM J?FI CH=CMI & KO? ;I =IHMCA
H;L?G ; J;F;PL; oGCFCN;Lp L?@?L?G

M? H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? ;IM GCFCN;L?M >;
;NCP; !?MM; @ILG; Y AOCM; >? ?R?GJFI I =LCG? >? GINCG =;JCNOF;>I HI ;LN
>I -* Ma M? P?LC@C=; M? BIOP?L HI G_HCGI >ICM GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; DX
KO? I NCJI F?A;F >CMJd? o/?OHCL?G
M? GCFCN;L?Mp *CFCN;L?M CH;NCPIM JI>?G
M?L L?MJIHM;<CFCT;>IM JIL ?MM? >?FCNI M? ?MNCP?L?G ?G =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M

JIL @IL\; >I ;LN g I M?AOH>; J;LN? >I -* IO KO;H>I @IL?G
?KOCJ;L;>IM;GCFCN;L?M>;;NCP; HIMN?LGIM>I;LN>IG?MGI Codex
?RN?HM[I >I NCJI JILN;HNI L?@?L?

M? ;I GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IG
JL??H>C>I =IGI N;F ;KO?F? KO? ?MN?D; >? @IFA; FC=?H=C;>I G?MGI KO? J;L;
@CHM J;LNC=OF;L?M IO ?G FI=;F H[I MOD?CNI Y >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L[480]
-ILN;HNI J;L; ; =IH@CAOL;\[I >?MM; BCJaN?M? DOL_>C=; =IHMC>?L;L?GIM GCFCN
;L >; ;NCP; I GCFCN;L KO? ?R?L=? MO;M @OH\d?M LINCH?CL;M HI M?LPC\I GCFCN;L KO?
FB? ] ;@?NI G?MGI KO? HI GIG?HNI >I =LCG? ?MN?D; FC=?H=C;>I >? @IFA; ?G
NL;D?M =CPCM ? @IL; >I KO;LN?F "G MOG; ; MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? CHC=C;
M? =IG
; CH=ILJIL;\[I ? ?H=?LL;
M? =IG ; ?R=FOM[I >I GCFC=C;HI >; @IL\; ; KO? J?L
N?H=?IO=IGMO;J;MM;A?GJ;L;;CH;NCPC>;>?
!?MM;LN? H[I M? >?P? =IH@OH>CL ; ?RJL?MM[I o?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>
;>?p =IG ; ?RJL?MM[I o?G M?LPC\Ip M?H>I ;KO?F; G;CM ;<L;HA?HN? KO? ?MN;
JILKO;HNI ] JIMM_P?F ?MN;L H; ;NCP; M?G ?MN;L HI M?LPC\I GCFCN;L JIFC=C;F GCF
CN;L >IM ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM IO >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M ;GCHBIO G;F =IG
; >?PC>; P^HC; ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I >;>; J?FI " 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; HI
IH@FCNI >? IGJ?N^H=C; H 0- MI< L?F;NILC; >; *CHCMNL; *;LC;
1B?L?T; >? MMCM *IOL; DOFA;>I ?G >? G;L\I >? KO? =IHMC>?LIO ;M
?RJL?MMd?M?G;HXFCM?MCHbHCG;M F;PL;H>I;M?AOCHN??G?HN;
o-LI=?MMI J?H;F %IGC=_>CI =OFJIMI -IFC=C;F GCFCN;L 3?_=OFI J;LNC=
OF;L =C>?HN? >? NLZHMCNI @IL; >I J?L_I>I >? =;M?LH; IGJ?N^H=C; >; DOMNC\;
=IGOG

;<? Y 'OMNC\; IGOG "MN;>O;F DOFA;L BIGC=_>CI >?=ILL?HN? >?

;=C>?HN? ;ONIGI<CF_MNC=I ?G KO? I ;=OM;>I ? ; P_NCG; ?G<IL; ;A?HN?M GCFCN
;L?M H[IM??H=IHNL;P;G?G?R?L=_=CIGCFCN;L
>?G;CM >C;HN? >? ;NCPC>;>? >? H;NOL?T; CH>CPC>O;F ? J;LNC=OF;L

H[I M? BX JIL =ILL?NI =IACN;L
M? >? ;NCPC>;>? GCFCN;L ratione materiae
-L?=?>?HN?M
IH@FCNI=IHB?=C>IJ;L;>?=F;L;L=IGJ?N?HN?I'O_TI>?!CL?NI>I
#ILI!CMNLCN;F>?&JO[ >; IG;L=;>?0[I'I;KOCG>;;LL; 0-p
"G<IL; M?D; JIMM_P?F =IHMNLO\[I ;=?L=; >; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; DOMNC\;
=IGOG J;L; DOFA;L ;=C>?HN?M >? NLZHMCNI HI KO? HIM >?N?L?GIM G;CM ;>C
;HN? I @I=I >; >?=CM[I @IC ; >CM=OMM[I ;=?L=; >? H[I ?MN;L I GCFCN;L >; ;NCP;
?G@OH\[IGCFCN;L IKO?]CH>C@?L?HN?J;L;;;F_H?; a >ICH=CMI&&>I;LN I
"G IONLI DOFA;>I ;AIL; ?G @;=? >? OG BIGC=_>CI JL;NC=;>I JIL

GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IHNL; IONLI GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IG ?GJL?AI >? ;LG; >? @IAI
>OL;HN? OG; =IH@L;N?LHCT;\[I @IL; >I KO;LN?F G;CM OG; P?T MI< L;F;NILC; >;
*CHCMNL; *;LC; 1B?L?T; ?G M?>? >? Habeas Corpus % -/ DOF
A;>I ?G >? >?T?G<LI >? ?HN?H>?O

M? HIP;G?HN? KO? ;M ?RJL?MMd?M
o?GMCNO;\[I>?;NCPC>;>?p?o?GM?LPC\IpM[IMCHbHCG;M
o-LI=?MMI J?H;F Habeas corpus -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L %IGC=_>CI =IHNL;
=IF?A; 2MI >? @;L>; ? ;LG; >; ILJIL;\[I BOLL;M=I @IL; >;M CHMN;F;\d?M
=;MNL?HM?M &GJLO>^H=C; ;FB?C; ;I ?R?L=_=CI >; @OH\[I 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L
&H=IGJ?N^H=C;
, =LCG? GCFCN;L >?@CHC>I HI ;LN I >I a>CAI *CFCN;L >?P? M?L
?HN?H>C>I >? @ILG; L?MNLCNCP; M?GJL? N?H>I ?G =IHN; ; L;T[I >? M?L >;
DOMNC\; ?MJ?=C;FCT;>; .O;H>I I GCFCN;L M? ?H=IHNL; @IL; >? MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>
;>? ?HN?H>C>; =IGI N;F MO; ?@?NCP; ;NO;\[I @OH=CIH;F IO M?D; H;M I=;MCd?M
?G KO? ;A? =IGI =CPCF no h se estender a competncia da justia militar,
visto que no h se lhe exigir o mesmo padro de conduta, de hierarquia e
disciplina

,L>?G =IH=?>C>; J;L; L?=IHB?=?H>I ; incompetncia da

Justia Militar ;HOF;L ; ;\[I J?H;F H >CMNLC<O_>; Y 3;L; >; O>CNILC;
>; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I -;L;HX m IHM?FBI -?LG;H?HN? >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L
"MN;>O;F ; J;LNCL >I I@?L?=CG?HNI >; >?HeH=C; CH=FOMCP? M?G JL?DO_TI >I
?HPCI >IM ;ONIM ;I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I >I "MN;>I >I -;L;HX J;L; KO? M? I
=;MI I@?L?\;HIP;?RIL>C;F;=OM;NaLC;p
J?M;L >IM DOFA;>IM ;=CG; @?FCTG?HN? I JLaJLCI 01' ?G >?=CM[I
G;CM L?=?HN? L?@ILGOFIO MO; =IH=?J\[I +I IH@FCNI >? IGJ?N^H=C; H
0- MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI LH;F>I "MN?P?M )CG; DOFA;>I ?G >?
;<LCF >? ; >?=CM[I >;KO?F; ILN? ?G @;=? >? OG BIGC=_>CI >IFIMI >?
JIFC=C;CM GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; =IHNL; IONLI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>
;>? @IC?GM?HNC>IIJIMNI3?D;GIM
o IH@FCNI JIMCNCPI >? =IGJ?N^H=C; -LI=?MMO;F -?H;F LCG? JL;NC=
;>I JIL GCFCN;L ?G ;NCPC>;>? =IHNL; GCFCN;L ?G C>^HNC=; MCNO;\[I IGJ?N^H
=C;>;'OMNC\;*CFCN;L
IGJ?N? Y 'OMNC\; ;MNL?HM? JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L =LCG? JL;NC=;>I

JIL GCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? IO ;MM?G?FB;>I =IHNL; GCFCN;L H;
G?MG; MCNO;\[I IO ;MM?G?FB;>I
0- /?F *CH ,$
#"/++!"0 !'
*CFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? KO?L >CT?L q>; ;NCP;r ? H[I q?G
M?LPC\Ir ?GIJIMC\[I;GCFCN;L>;L?M?LP;IO;JIM?HN;>I
IHB?\I >I =IH@FCNI J;L; >?=F;L;L competente o Juzo de Direito

da 3 a Auditoria da Justia Militar do Estado de So Paulo, ora suscitadop
=?L=; ;CH>; >?MM? DOFA;G?HNI >O;M I<M?LP;\d?M M[I CGJILN;HN?M
"G JLCG?CLI JF;HI HI N?RNI >I =aL>[I P?LC@C=;
M? KO? ; >?=CM[I @IC OH
ZHCG? ? =IHNIO CH=FOMCP? =IG I PINI >; *CHCMNL; *;LC; 1B?L?T; >? MMCM
*IOL; KO? ;J;L?HN?G?HN? GO>IO M?O ?HN?H>CG?HNI ;I ;=IGJ;HB;L I PINI
>I L?F;NIL "G M?AOH>I GIG?HNI >?P?
M? HIN;L KO? I @;NI M? NL;N; >? >OJFI
BIGC=_>CI ?G KO? IM JIFC=C;CM GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; @IL;G ;=OM;>IM >? JL;NC=X
FI H[I Ma =IHNL; IONLI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; G;M N;G<]G =IHNL; ; MO;

CLG[ KO? H[I ?L; GCFCN;L B;P?H>I I >?MG?G<L;G?HNI KO? L?MOFNIO ?G JLI
=?MMI ; =;LAI >; ; O>CNILC; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI
J;L; DOFA;L I BIGC=_>CI =IHNL; I IONLI GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; ? HI 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC
J;L; DOFA;L I BIGC=_>CI =IHNL; ; MO; CLG[ ?G I<M?LPZH=C; ;I >CMJIMNI H;
;F_H?; a >I ;LN >I a>CAI >? -LI=?MMI -?H;F *CFCN;L ? HI CH=CMI & >I ;LN
>I a>CAI>?-LI=?MMI-?H;F=IGOG
1;G<]G HI 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F ] JIMM_P?F ?H=IHNL;L PCM[I

M?AOH>I ; KO;F <;MN; KO? IM GCFCN;L?M ?MN?D;G H; ;NCP; +I Habeas Corpus H
-" DOFA;>I ?G >? IONO<LI >? MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI
?FMI>?*?FFI >?=C>CO
M?
oHABEAS CORPUS m LCG? >? =;FeHC; P?C=OF;>I J?F; CGJL?HM; m
LCG? GCFCN;L ?G M?HNC>I CGJLaJLCI m &H@L;\[I J?H;F JL;NC=;>; JIL GCFCN;L
?G ;NCPC>;>? =IHNL; IONLI GCFCN;L ?G CAO;F MCNO;\[I @OH=CIH;F m IGJ?N^H=C;
>; DOMNC\; GCFCN;L m JFC=;<CFC>;>? >; )?C H m MOMJ?HM[I =IH>C
=CIH;F >I JLI=?MMI J?H;F m &HMNCNONI >? >CL?CNI G;N?LC;F @;PILXP?F ;I ;ONIL >?
=LCG?M GCFCN;L?M JL;NC=;>IM ;HN?M >; PCA^H=C; >; )?C H m 2F
NL;NCPC>;>? >; F?C J?H;F <?H]@C=; m &GJIMC\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F =@ ;LN I 5)
m -?>C>I >?@?LC>I ?G J;LN? , =LCG? >? =;FeHC; ] >?FCNI GCFCN;L ?G M?HNC>I
CGJLaJLCI , >?FCNI >? =;FeHC; =IG?NC>I por militar em atividade contra
outro militar em igual situao funcional, qualifica-se, juridicamente, como
crime militar em sentido imprprio (CPM, art. 9 o , II, ;), mesmo que essa
infrao penal tenha sido praticada por intermdio da imprensa
MO<G?N?H>I
M? ?G =IHM?KO^H=C; JIL ?@?CNI >I KO? >CMJd? I ;LN caput
>; IHMNCNOC\[I >; /?Je<FC=; Y =IGJ?N^H=C; DOLCM>C=CIH;F >; 'OMNC\;
=;MNL?HM? , =LCG? GCFCN;L >? =;FeHC; ;=B;
M? >?M=LCNI ?G NCJI ;ONbHIGI
-* ;LN H[I =IHMNCNOCH>I JIL CMMI G?MGI H?G NCJI ?MJ?=C;F H?G
NCJI MO<MC>CXLCI ? H?G NCJI ;FN?LH;NCPI L?F;NCP;G?HN? ;I JL?=?CNI JLCGXLCI >?
CH=LCGCH;\[I >?@CHC>I HI ;LN >; )?C H , IL>?H;G?HNI JIMCN
CPI ;I >CMJIL MI<L? IM ?F?G?HNIM KO? =IGJd?G ; ?MNLONOL; N_JC=; >I =LCG?
GCFCN;L essentialia delicti =IHMC>?L; =IGI CF_=CNI =;MNL?HM? ;KO?F? KO?
JL?PCMNI HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L m embora igualmente tipificado, com
idntica definio, na lei penal comum m vem a ser praticado por militar

em situao de atividade (...) contra militar na mesma situao... (CPM,

art. 9 o , II, ;). O que confere natureza castrense a esse fato delituoso embora esteja ele igualmente definido como delito na legislao penal comum
a condio funcional do agente e do sujeito passivo da ao delituosa,
de tal modo que, se ambos se acharem em situao de atividade, a infrao
penal ser de natureza militar, sendo irrelevante o meio pelo qual se cometeu tal ilcito p
"G M?HNC>I =IHNLXLCI vide N;G<]G HI -L?NaLCI "R=?FMI ? MI< L?F;N
ILC; >I JLaJLCI *CHCMNLI ?FMI >? *?FFI I Habeas Corpus H /0 DOF
A;>I?G>?;AIMNI>? PCM[I>;KO;F I<PC;G?HN? >CM=IL>;GIM

JLIJaMCNI >IM =LCG?M >? NLZHMCNI P;F? ; J?H; ;P;FC;L ; JIMMC<CFC>
;>?>?JL?P;F^H=C;IOH[I>I a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
IGI PCGIM ;=CG; M?L[I GCFCN;L?M IM =LCG?M >?@CHC>IM N;HNI H; F?
ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG =IGI H; GCFCN;L KO;H>I JL??H=BC>I OG plus de condies ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN?>?@CHC>;MH;M;F_H?;M>ICH=CMI&&>I=CN;>I;LNCAI
IG <;M? H?MM; JL?GCMM; I BIGC=_>CI ? ; F?M[I =ILJIL;F =OFJIMIM
H; =IH>O\[I >? P?_=OFI ;ONIGINIL M?LC;G >?FCNIM GCFCN;L?M ?G L;T[I >; ;J
FC=;\[I>;;F_H?; a <?G=IGI>;M;F_H?;M b ; d KO??MNO>;L?GIM;<;CRI

%X GOCNI N?GJI ?HNL?N;HNI Ma ?L;G =IHMC>?L;>IM GCFCN;L?M IM
=LCG?M JL;NC=;>IM JIL GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IHNL; GCFCN;L H; G?MG; MCNO;\[I CMMI
?G L;T[I >? ?HN?H>CG?HNI MOGOF;>I J?FI 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\;
0eGOF; >?

=CL=OHMNZH=C; KO? ?MNL;HB;G?HN? M? FCGCN;P; ;IM
CHN?AL;HN?M >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L PCMNI KO? ; MeGOF; in verbis >CMJd? KO?
o IGJ?N? Y 'OMNC\; IGOG "MN;>O;F JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L >?FCNI >?=ILL?HN? >?
;=C>?HN? >? NLZHMCNI ?HPIFP?H>I PC;NOL; >? -IF_=C; *CFCN;L M;FPI M? ;ONIL ? P_
NCG; @IL?G JIFC=C;CM GCFCN;L?M ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>?p "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M
;JaM ; ?>C\[I >; 0eGOF; ?G KO?MN[I MIG?HN? I BIGC=_>CI ? ; F?M[I =ILJIL;F
JL;NC=;>IM JIL JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IHNL; JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; J?L
G;H?=?L;G HI OHCP?LMI >IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M V >? HIN;L KO? ; 0eGOF; N;G
<]G M? L?MNLCHAC; ;I ?GJL?AI >? PC;NOL; >? JIFC=C;G?HNI I KO? F?P;P; ; OG;
L?;FC>;>? CH=IHALO?HN? JICM M? ? A OG ;FOHI I@C=C;F PC?MM? ; ;NLIJ?F;L

=OFJIM;G?HN? =IG OG; PC;NOL; ;CH>; KO? >?HNLI >I KO;LN?F OG =CPCF
B;P?LC; =LCG? =IGOG G;M M? ?MNCP?MM? H; =IH>O\[I >? M?O P?_=OFI J;LNC=O
F;L HI CHN?LCIL >I KO;LN?F JI>?LC; B;P?L ?HN?H>CG?HNI >? =LCG? GCFCN;L
OG; P?T KO? ; 0eGOF; @IC <?G =F;L; ;I >?@CHCL KO? M? L?MNLCHAC; ;IM =;MIM ?G
KO? ?L; ?HPIFPC>; PC;NOL; >? -IF_=C; *CFCN;L *;CM CH=IHALO?HN? ;CH>; JIL ?R
=FOCL IM GCFCN;L?M >IM ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM ? >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M >? MILN?
KO? JIL ?R?GJFI M? OG; PC;NOL; >? -IF_=C; *CFCN;L =IFC>CMM? =IG OG P?_=OFI
J;LNC=OF;L I=OJ;>I JIL OG JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IGI GINILCMN; OG GCF
CN;L >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M =IGI J;MM;A?CLI HI <;H=I >C;HN?CLI ? OG GCFCN;L >I
ILJI >? IG<?CLIM OG -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L L?@ILG;>I ? OG =CPCF =IGI J;M
M;A?CLIM HI <;H=I NL;M?CLI >I P?_=OFI J;LNC=OF;L MIG?HN? B;P?LC; =LCG? GCF
CN;L ?G L?F;\[I ;I =IH>ONIL >I P?_=OFI J;LNC=OF;L JIL M?L ?F? JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L
>;;NCP;
"G ?HNL?N;HNI MOLA? HI MCMN?G; DOL_>C=I I HIPI a>CAI >?

1LZHMCNI ? CG?>C;N;G?HN? =IG?\IO
M? ; KO?MNCIH;L MI<L? JLCG?CLI ;
MI<L?PCP^H=C; >; 0eGOF; ? M?AOH>I MI<L? ; JLaJLC; CHN?LJL?N;\[I >IM
=LCG?M >? NLZHMCNI ?G N?M? ;<L;HAC>IM J?F;M ;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I
KO?MN[I >?P?
M? ;P;FC;L MOM=CN; >CM=OMM[I ;CH>; BID? L;T[I J?F; KO;F <OM
=;GIM?PC>?H=C;LHIMM;JIMC\[I
*;FAL;>I I ?HN?H>CG?HNI >? ;FAOHM ;MM?HNCGIM H; =ILL?HN? >? KO?

NI>I ? KO;FKO?L BIGC=_>CI ? F?M[I =ILJIL;F =OFJIMIM JL;NC=;>IM H; =IH>O\[I
>? P?_=OFI ;ONIGINIL PC;NOL; IO H[I >?P?G M?L =IGJL??H>C>IM Y FOT >IM
;LNM ? >; )?C H >? >? M?N?G<LI >? a>CAI >?
1LZHMCNI
, BIGC=_>CI ? ; F?M[I =ILJIL;F JL?PCMNIM HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L
CH?A;P?FG?HN? JIMMO?G =OHBI A?H]LC=I H[I >?@CHCH>I =IGI I @;T I a>CAI
>? 1LZHMCNI I CHMNLOG?HNI >I =LCG? P?_=OFI ;ONIGINIL +?MM? M?HNC>I ?G

@;=? >I ;J;L?HN? =IH@FCNI >? HILG;M >?P?GIM ;JFC=;L IM JLCH=_JCIM J;L; MO;
MIFO\[I ?R;FN;H>I
M? HI =;MI ?G ;HXFCM? I JLCH=_JCI >; ?MJ?=C;FC>;>? M?
AOH>I I KO;F ; F?C G;CM ?MJ?=_@C=; ] ;JFC=;>; ?G >?NLCG?HNI >; G;CM A?H]LC=;
lex specialis derogat generali)

IG ?@?CNI I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L N;G<]G ] F?ACMF;\[I ?MJ?=C;F

J;L?=?
HIM ?PC>?HN? =IHNO>I KO? IM =LCG?M >? NLZHMCNI >; )?C H
=IHN^G IM ?RCAC>IM J;L; M? CHPI=;L I JLCH=_JCI >; ?MJ?=C;FC>;>? elementos
especializantes HI NCJI J?H;F M?H>I JICM G;CM ?MJ?=_@C=IM KO? IM L?@?L?HN?M
Y F?M[I =ILJIL;F ? ;I BIGC=_>CI HI a>CAI ;MNL?HM? +[I ] I KO? I=ILL? JIL
?R?GJFI HI ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? ;J?M;L >? M? ;JLIRCG;L >;
>?M=LC\[I N_JC=; >I ;LN >I a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI L;MCF?CLI JIMMOC ?F?
G?HNI ?MJ?=C;FCT;HN? ?RCACH>I KO? I P?_=OFI ;ONIGINIL ?MN?D; MI< ; ;>GCHCM
NL;\[IGCFCN;L JL?P;F?=?H>IMI<;JL?PCM[I>I a>CAI>?1LZHMCNI
"G HIMM; aNC=; H?MM? =IHN?RNI I a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI >?LLIAIO IM

;LNM ? =IG<CH;>IM =IG ;M ;F_H?;M a b c ? d >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I
NI>IM >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L[481] >?P?H>I ;KO?F? >CJFIG; HIM =LCG?M >?
NLZHMCNI JL?P;F?=?L Y ;JFC=;\[I >?MN? ;CH>; G;CM JILKO? ; ;JFC=;\[I >I
a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI ] G;CM <?H]@C=; ;I ;A?HN? KO? JI>?LX M?L <?H?@C=C;>I
=IG PXLCIM CHMNCNONIM CH=IHALO?HN?M ;I =;MI M? I =LCG? @IL =IHMC>?L;>I
GCFCN;L
IHP]G ;>P?LNCL HI ?HN;HNI KO? H[I N?G MC>I ?MM? I ?HN?H>C
G?HNIG;DILCNXLCIH;M'OMNC\;M*CFCN;L?M
"G 0[I -;OFI JIL ?R?GJFI ; JIMC\[I >IM G?G<LIM >I Parquet
;FI=;>IM H; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L M? ;FCHB;P; ;I ;=CG; ?RJIMNI N;F P?LN?HN?
JIL]G H[I ?L; ? H[I ] L?=?<C>; J?FI -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI ?G =ODI ?HN?H>C
G?HNIJL?P;F?=?I a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
"G L;T[I >?MM; >CP?LA^H=C; ; KO?MN[I =B?AIO JIL ;JFC=;\[I ;H;Fa
AC=; >I ;LN >I -- ;I -LI=OL;>IL

$?L;F >? 'OMNC\; "MN? JIL MO; P?T CHC
=C;FG?HN? ?HN?H>?O KO? IM >?FCNIM ?G L?F?PI =IHMNCNO?G =LCG?M =IGOHM ;
=;LAI >; 'OMNC\; IGOG "G OG >IM =;MIM ;>OTCO I >IONI -LI=OL;>IL
$?L
;F >? 'OMNC\; >? 0[I -;OFI ?G MOG; KO? ; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F ;NLC<OC Y
'OMNC\; *CFCN;L oI JLI=?MMI ? DOFA;G?HNI >IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M >?@CHC>IM ?G
F?C -IL M?O NOLHI I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L H[I JL?P^ IM =LCG?M >? BIGC=_>CI ?
F?M[I =ILJIL;F JL;NC=;>IM H; >CL?\[I >? P?_=OFI ;ONIGINIL N;F =IGI I @?T
;AIL; I a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI ;LNM ? ? >?MN? GI>I ?MN?M >?FCNIM H[I

M[I =IHMC>?L;>IM GCFCN;L?M =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; MO; ;JL?=C;\[I ] >; 'OMNC\;

IGOG JL?P;F?=?H>I ; ?MJ?=C;FC>;>? >; )?C H >? KO;H>I
M?NL;N;L>?=LCG?>?NLZHMCNIp[482]
, KO? J;L?=C; OG; N?H>^H=C; CLL?P?LM_P?F =IHNO>I H[I M? =IH@CLG
IO "G IONL;M I=;MCd?M ?HN?H>C; I >CAHI =B?@? >I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I KO?
?G M? NL;N;H>I >? ;ONIL ? P_NCG; JIFC=C;CM GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; I =LCG? M?LC;
GCFCN;L MI? KO? I a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI L;MCF?CLI ] F?C J?H;F
=IGOG H[I JI>?H>I MI<L?JIL
M? YM L?AL;M ?MJ?=C;CM KO? L?A?G IM >?FCNIM
GCFCN;L?M -LIMM?AO? ;@CLG;H>I KO? oM?AOH>I I ;LN I && q;r >I -*
=IHMC>?L;G
M? N;G<]G GCFCN;L?M IM =LCG?M H?F? JL?PCMNIM KO? N?HB;G
L?>;\[I CAO;F H; F?ACMF;\[I =IGOG KO;H>I JL;NC=;>IM JIL GCFCN;L ?G MCNO
;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? =IHNL; GCFCN;L H; G?MG; MCNO;\[I !?MM; @ILG; J;L; KO?G
=IHMC>?L;L KO? ; F?M[I =OFJIM; H; >CL?\[I >? P?_=OFI ;ONIGINIL =IGJILN;
JL?PCM[I N;G<]G HI a>CAI *CFCN;L ; =IH=FOM[I CAO;FG?HN? M?LX HI M?HNC>I
>; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; "MJ?=C;F M? ; P_NCG; N;G<]G @IL GCFCN;L "MM; CH
N?LJL?N;\[I HIM J;L?=? PCXP?F H; G?>C>; ?G KO? I ;LN >I -* ?M
N;<?F?=? KO? q;I =IH>?H;>I JIL =LCG? =IG?NC>I H; >CL?\[I IO L?F;=CIH;>;
G?HN? Y >CL?\[I >? P?_=OFIM GINILCT;>IM >?P? M?L =;MM;>; ; FC=?H\; J;L; N;F
@CG J?FI JL;TI G_HCGI >? OG ;HIp !?MM? GI>I H[I ] =ILL?N; ; ;MM?LNCP;
>? KO? I a>CAI *CFCN;L H[I JIMMOC L?AL;M JLaJLC;M J;L; ; F?M[I =OFJIM; JL;N
C=;>;H;=IH>O\[I>?P?_=OFI;ONIGINIL[483]
-IL @CG ] H?=?MMXLCI =IHMCAH;L KO? ; KO?MN[I M? J;=C@C=IO H;
'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI KO? ?G >?=CM[I MOLJL??H>?HN? >?
M?O 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ;@;MNIO ;N] G?MGI ; ;JFC=;\[I >I JIMNOF;>I
H; 0eGOF; >I 01' "G IONLIM N?LGIM ; N?H>^H=C; CHC=C;F MI@L?O ;FN?L;\[I
?G M?HNC>I NIN;FG?HN? CHP?LMI M?H>I I ;NO;F ?HN?H>CG?HNI I >? KO? IM
=LCG?M JL;NC=;>IM H; =IH>O\[I >? P?_=OFI ;ONIGINIL ;CH>; KO? >IFIMIM ?
H[I N?H>I JIL P_NCG; IONLI GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I M[I =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M JILN;HNI
>?=IGJ?N^H=C;>;'OMNC\; ;MNL?HM?
/?=?HN?G?HN? I ?AL]ACI 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >?

0[I -;OFI F;PLIO ;=aL>[IM KO? ?PC>?H=C;G M?G >?CR;L G;LA?G ; >ePC>;
?MM;HIP;=IGJL??HM[I >IMKO;CM=CN;GIM

oEmenta: &H?RCMN? =IH@FCNI ?HNL? I a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI ? I a>CAI

-?H;F *CFCN;L m ;G<;M ;M F?ACMF;\d?M ?MJ?=C;FCT;>;M m ?CM KO? NON?F;G <?HM
DOL_>C=IM JLaJLCIM ? >CMNCHNIM J?M;L >? JLIGOFA;>I ;HN?LCILG?HN? YM HIL
G;M >? NLZHMCNI I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L H[I @IC L?PIA;>I IO >?LLIA;>I
?H=IHNL;H>I
M? ?G JF?H; PCA^H=C;p 1'* ; ZG /?=OLMI &HIGCH;>I m
;LN >I --* H -LI= ; O>CNILC; L?F ?F
2<CL;D;L;FG?C>;$;MJ;L D

oEmenta: &H=;<_P?F ; ;F?A;\[I >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; IGOG
J;L; DOFA;G?HNI >I =;MI ?G KO?MN[I MI< ;LAOG?HN;\[I >? KO? I a>CAI >?
1LZHMCNI L;MCF?CLI ] F?C G;CM ?MJ?=_@C=; ? G;CM LCAILIM; &H?RCMN? =IH@FCNI
;J;L?HN? ?HNL? I a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI ? I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;G<;M ;M F?ACM
F;\d?M ?MJ?=C;FCT;>;M ?CM KO? NON?F;G <?HM DOL_>C=IM >CMNCHNIM J?M;L >? JLI
GOFA;>I ;HN?LCILG?HN? YM HILG;M >? NLZHMCNI I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L @IC L?
=?J=CIH;>I J?F; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F ?H=IHNL;H>I

M? ?G JF?H; PCA^H=C; H;
NON?F; >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?Mp 1'* ; ZG /?=OLMI &HIGCH;>I m ;LN
>I --* H -LI= ; O>CNILC; L?F ?F PCP
;F>C+IAO?CL;'eHCIL D

PO
oEmenta: &H=;<_P?F ; ;F?A;\[I >? CH=IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L
J;L; DOFA;G?HNI >I =;MI ?G KO?MN[I MI< ;LAOG?HN;\[I >? KO? I=ILL?O
=LCG? =IGOG JIL NL;N;L
M? >? =LCG? GCFCN;L HIM N?LGIM >I ;LNCAI >;
IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F OM?HN? I ?@?CNI PCH=OF;HN? H[I BX I<LCA;NILC?>;>? >?
;JFC=;\[I >; 0eGOF; H >I 01' HIM DOFA;>IM >?MN; ILN? *CFCN;L &H?RCMN?
=IH@FCNI ;J;L?HN? >? HILG;M ?HNL? I a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI ? I a>CAI -?H;F
*CFCN;L m ;G<;M ;M F?ACMF;\d?M ?MJ?=C;FCT;>;M m ?CM KO? NON?F;G <?HM DOL_>C
=IM >CMNCHNIM 1'* ; ZG /?=OLMI &HIGCH;>I m ;LN >I --* H

-LI= ; O>CNILC; L?F ?F )IOLCP;F IMN; /;GIM
D

"G GIG?HNI JIMN?LCIL =IG <;M? ?G M?OM DOFA;>IM I 1LC<OH;F
J;OFCMN; ?>CNIO JIL MO; ILL?A?>ILC;
$?L;F I -LIPCG?HNI H
$ KO?
=IH>?HMIO ILC?HN;\d?M HILG;NCP;M ;=?L=; >IM ;=C>?HN?M >? NLZHMCNI JaM
PXLCIM =IHMC>?L;H>IM HI <IDI >IM KO;CM ?R;FN;
M? I JLCH=_JCI >; ?MJ?=C;FC>
;>? ?G @;PIL >I -* <?G =IGI M? ?HOG?L;G JL?=?>?HN?M >I 0OJL?GI

1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F /"

0- % /' /"
!# /%

!# ? >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L /?=OLMI H
*$ /?
=OLMI H *$ /?=OLMI H

/' /?=OLMI H
/' ? /?=OLMI
H
/' ?G >ICM ;LNCAIM CGJd? ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I J;L; ; KO?MN[I HI
"MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? HI ZG<CNI >; -IF_=C; 'O>C=CXLC; *CFCN;L
>CMJIH>I KO? o IGJ?N? Y -IF_=C; 'O>C=CXLC; *CFCN;L ; ;JOL;\[I >? @;NIM >?
=ILL?HN?M >? ;=C>?HN?M >? NLZHMCNI ?HPIFP?H>I P?_=OFIM ;ONIGINIL?M >? JLI
JLC?>;>? IO MI< L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI
=;L;=N?LCT;>IM IO H[I H[I CGJILN;H>I ; KO;FC@C=;\[I >;M P_NCG;Mp ? KO?
o IGJ?N? ;I 'OCT >? !CL?CNI >I 'O_TI *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F ; ;HXFCM? ? >?=CM[I
MI<L?;?RCMN^H=C;>I=LCG??MO;H;NOL?T; HIMN?LGIM>;F?ACMF;\[IPCA?HN?p
0?>CG?HN;H>I ; PCM[I >I -LIPCG?HNI MOJL;=CN;>I vide I Habeas
Corpus H -LI=?MMI H ; O>CNILC; >; ; ZG;L;
>I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >? 0[I -;OFI DOFA;>I ?G >? ;<LCF >?
MI<L?F;NILC;>I'OCT ?F-*PCP;F>C+IAO?CL;'eHCIL KO;H>IM?>?=C>CO
o*?MGI =IG ; ?>C\[I >I
a>CAI L;MCF?CLI >? 1LZHMCNI )?C H
>? G;N]LC; ?MJ?=_@C=; J;L; L?AOF;L ;M HILG;M >? NLZHMCNI

H[I L?MNIO >?LLIA;>I I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L B;D; PCMN; N?L MC>I ?MN? L?=?J
=CIH;>I J?F; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F ; KO;F =IH@?L? =IGJ?N^H=C; Y 'OMNC\; *CF
CN;L J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L IM GCFCN;L?M >IM "MN;>IM HIM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M
>?@CHC>IM?GF?Cp
1;G<]G ?MM; ; PCM[I >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >? *CH;M
$?L;CM +I /?=OLMI &HIGCH;>I H KO? N?P? =IGI L?F;NIL I 'OCT ';LCL 0CFP;
D

?MM?1LC<OH;F>?=C>COHIM?AOCHN?M?HNC>I
oEmenta 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ] =IGJ?N?HN? J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L I
GCFCN;L KO? ?G =IH>O\[I >? PC;NOL; GCFCN;L ?G M?LPC\I IO ;NO;H>I ?G L;T[I

>; @OH\[I =;OM; ?G N?M? F?M[I =ILJIL;F ; N?L=?CLIM +?A;
M? JLIPCG?HNI ;I
L?=OLMIp
!CMM?GIM ;=CG; KO? OG >IM @;NIL?M KO? F?P;LC;G Y JL?P;F^H=C; >I
a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI M?LC; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ;JFC=;\[I >? ;FAOHM <?H?@_=CIM ;I
;=OM;>I H[I ;JFC=XP?CM ;IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M +?MM? =IHN?RNI BX ; KO?MN[I >;

;JFC=;\[I IO H[I >; )?C >IM 'OCT;>IM "MJ?=C;CM LCGCH;CM ;IM >?FCNIM GCFCN
;L?M ;IKO?>?>C=;L?GIM;FAOG;MJ;F;PL;M
+I ?MNO>I >I BCMNaLC=I >; ;JFC=;\[I >; )?C H YM 'OMNC\;M

*CFCN;L?M >?P?
M? L?F?G<L;L KO? ;FAOHM >CMJIMCNCPIM ?L;G J;=C@C=;G?HN? ;J
FC=;>IM=IG;?>C\[I>;)?CH ;>CM=OMM[IM?L?;=?H>?O
!? @;NI I N?RNI ILCACH;F >; JLCG?CL; )?C )?C H H[I @;TC;
L?MNLC\[I >? MO; ;JFC=;\[I ;IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M G;M ;J?H;M ;IM JLI=?>CG?H
NIM ?MJ?=C;CM =IH@ILG? ;CH>; AL;@;P; I M?O ;LN in fine IG <;M? H?MM;
L?;FC>;>? HILG;NCP; >CM=ONCO
M? GOCNI ; ;JFC=;\[I >; Lei dos Juizados Especiais Criminais YM 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M IO G?FBIL ;CH>; ; ;JFC=;\[I >I
JLaJLCI=IH=?CNI>?=LCG?>?G?HILJIN?H=C;FI@?HMCPI;IM=LCG?MGCFCN;L?M
DOLCMJLO>^H=C; H?MM? M?HNC>I =IHM;ALIO ;J?H;M ; ;JFC=;\[I >IM

CHMNCNONIM >; representao H;M F?Md?M =ILJIL;CM F?P?M ? =OFJIM;M ? >; suspenso condicional do processo[484]
IG ; ?>C\[I >; )?C H >? >? M?N?G<LI >? KO? ;=L?M
=?HNIO I ;LN
Y )?C H J;MMIO
M? ; ?HN?H>?L KO? G?MGI IM CH
MNCNONIM =CN;>IM H[I M? ;JFC=;P;G YM 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M[485] JILKO;HNI I

L?@?LC>I ;LNCAI L?T; KO? ;M o>CMJIMC\d?M >?MN; )?C H[I M? ;JFC=;G HI ZG<CNI
>;'OMNC\;*CFCN;Lp
,=ILL? KO? ; )?C H H[I @?T ; G?MG; L?MNLC\[I >I ;LN

I KO? ;FPILI\IO ; =IGOHC>;>? DOL_>C=; HI M?HNC>I >? HIP;G?HN? >CM
=ONCL ; ;JFC=;\[I IO H[I >IM CHMNCNONIM >; HIP; )?C ;IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M 1?LC;
;)?CH L?PIA;>II;LN
>;)?CH
"HN?H>?GIM KO? H[I IGI M? M;<? >? ;=IL>I =IGI I >CMJIMNI HI

;LN I >; )?C IGJF?G?HN;L H ;FN?L;>; J?F; ) H ; L?
PIA;\[I >? F?C ;HN?LCIL >?P? M?L ?RJL?MM; I KO? H[I I=ILL?O =IG ; ?>C\[I >;
)?CH ?GL?F;\[I;I;LN
>;)?CH
>?G;CM ; >CM=OMM[I ; JLIJaMCNI >; HIP; )?C ? MO; ;JFC=;\[I H;M
'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M N?G

M? =?HNL;>I HI @;NI >? KO? ; )?C >IM 'OCT;>IM #?>?L;CM
H[I @;T G?H\[I Y L?MNLC\[I ;IM JLI=?>CG?HNIM ?MJ?=C;CM I KO? JI>? F?P;L Y

=IH=FOM[I J?F; ;JFC=;<CFC>;>? >; )?C H YM 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M 1I
>;PC; =IGI GOCNI <?G ;HIN; )OCT $IHT;A; B;P?M oH[I ] I JLI=?>CG?HNI
KO? ] ?MJ?=C;F H; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L G;M ; JLaJLC; DOMNC\; I ] J?FIM ;MJ?=NIM
>C@?L?H=C;>IL?MKO?;>CMNCHAO?G>;'OMNC\;,L>CHXLC;p[486]
-IL >?LL;>?CLI ; =IHMNLO\[I ;=?L=; >I <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F GCFCN;L ]
@OH>;G?HN;F J;L; ;@;MN;L ; ;JFC=;\[I >; )?C H ;CH>; =IG ; MOJ?L
P?HC^H=C; >; )?C H FaAC=; >?MM? L;=CI=_HCI ] <;MN;HN? MCGJF?M

? L?JIOM; ?R;N;G?HN? HI =IH=?CNI >? <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F KO? ?G M?
NL;N;H>I >; NON?F; =IH=?LH?HN? Y 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L N?G >C@?L?HN?M =IHNILHIM
=IGI DX =IHMCAH;GIM "HN?H>?GIM H[I B;P?L J?L@?CN; =ILL?F;\[I ?HNL? <?G
DOL_>C=I
J?H;F ? <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F GCFCN;L IM IFBIM >;KO?F? KO? H[I ?MNX
;@?NI ;IM BX<CNIM =;MNL?HM?M ? A BX OG; N?H>^H=C; CLL?MCMN_P?F ?G ?HR?LA;L
J?L@?CN; M?G?FB;H\; ?HNL? I <?G DOL_>C=I CHN?ALC>;>? @_MC=; >? OG =C>;>[I
NOL<;>I JIL IONLI ? I <?G DOL_>C=I CHN?ALC>;>? @_MC=; KO? P?G ; M?L NOL<;>I
JIL?R?GJFI HICHN?LCIL>?OGKO;LN?F>;-IF_=C;*CFCN;LIO>I"R]L=CNI
"G P?L>;>? ; HILG; J?H;F GCFCN;L H[I NON?F; ;J?H;M ; CHN?ALC>;>?
@_MC=; >; P_NCG; G;M N;G<]G ; >CM=CJFCH; H?=?MMXLC; Y ?R?=O\[I >;M ;NCPC>
;>?M =INC>C;H;M >;M @IL\;M GCFCN;L?M IO M?D; ; JLaJLC; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M

;NCPC>;>?M =IH@?LC>;M YM CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M P;F? >CT?L NI>I ;KO?F? GCFCN;L
KO? I@?H>? ; OG <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F MI<L?NO>I GCFCN;L M?AOH>I IM =LCN]LCIM
>CP?LMIM NL;TC>IM J?F; )?C ratione personae ratione loci ?N= ] CH?KOCPI=;
G?HN? ;@LIHN;>IL >; >CM=CJFCH; ? ?G ;FAOHM =;MIM N;G<]G >; BC?L;LKOC;

<;M?M@OH>;G?HN;CM>?MM;MCHMNCNOC\d?M
+[I BX =IGI NL;HM;=CIH;L JILN;HNI ; >CM=CJFCH; ? ; BC?L;LKOC;

P;FIL?M MOJL?GIM HI GCFCN;LCMGI I KO? >?Jd? ?G @;PIL >; H[I ;JFC=;<CFC>
;>? >;M )?CM >IM 'OCT;>IM "MJ?=C;CM LCGCH;CM "MM; JICM ; P?L>;>?CL; L;T[I
>; =I?RCMN^H=C; >IM MCMN?G;M +IN?

M? KO? =IHMC>?L;H>I =?LN; >O;FC>;>? HI
<?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F GCFCN;L N?H>I M?GJL? =IGI =ILL?F;N; ; G;HON?H\[I >;
L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M ?G JLCG?CLI IO ?G M?AOH>I JF;HI
G?MGI HIM =LCG?M H[I NCJC=;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M J;L; ;FAOHM IM CGJLIJLC;
G?HN? GCFCN;L?M M?LC; CGJIMM_P?F ;=?CN;L ; ;JFC=;\[I >; )?C H ;IM

=LCG?MGCFCN;L?M

+[I BX NL;HM;=CIH;L L?J?NCGIM <?HM DOL_>C=IM N[I =IGJF?RIM =IGI

IM NON?F;>IM J?FI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L M?H>I ?MM? ?G HIMMI ?H@IKO? I
golpe fatal J;L; ;@CLG;L ; CH;JFC=;<CFC>;>? >IM 'OCT;>IM "MJ?=C;CM LCGCH;CM
;IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ? CMMI H[I Ma HI KO? =IH=?LH? ;IM =IH=?CNIM ; ?R?GJFI
>I >? CH@L;\[I J?H;F >? G?HIL JIN?H=C;F I@?HMCPI G;M N;G<]G ;IM CHMNC
NONIMJLI=?MMO;CM
*;FAL;>I ?MM; =IHMNLO\[I ] @;NI KO? ?G ;FAOG;M 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M

N?G
M? ;JFC=;>I ; )?C >IM 'OCT;>IM "MJ?=C;CM LCGCH;CM ;IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M
;I G?HIM ?G =LCG?M H[I NCJC=;G?HN? >? =;M?LH; =IGI ; F?M[I =ILJIL;F ;
?R?GJFI >I KO? I=ILL? ?G JLCG?CL; CHMNZH=C; H; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >? *CH;M
$?L;CM
/?MM;FN?
M? H[I M?L ?MM; ; PCM[I >; M?AOH>; CHMNZH=C; >; 'OMNC\;
*CFCN;L GCH?CL; -IL NI>IM vide ; J?F;\[I LCGCH;F H MI< L?F;NILC;
>I 'OCT ?F -* -;OFI !O;LN? -?L?CL; DOFA;>; ?G >? M?N?G<LI >?
KO?ILCACHIO;M?AOCHN??G?HN;
o-L?FCGCH;L m IHMC>?L;
M? G?L; CLL?AOF;LC>;>? ; CHN?GJ?MNCPC>;>?
H; ;JL?M?HN;\[I >;M L;Td?M ? =IHNL;LL;Td?M >?M>? KO? L;TIXP?F I JL;TI P?H
=C>I ? ; CHN?LJIMC\[I >I L?=OLMI I=ILLC>; HI JL;TI >; F?C 33 &HN?GJ?MNCPC>
;>? ,M JL;TIM HI -LI=?MMI -?H;F *CFCN;L M[I @;N;CM H[I M? J?LGCNCH>I ;TI YM
?R=?\d?M +[I M? =IHB?=? >;M L;Td?M IO >;M =IHNL;LL;Td?M >I ;J?FI ;J
L?M?HN;>;M ;F]G >I JL;TI JL?PCMNI HI ;LN >I a>CAI >? -LI=?MMI -?H;F
*CFCN;L IHNO>I J?FI JLCH=_JCI >; L;TI;<CFC>;>? H[I M? CHP;FC>; I L?=OLMI

CHN?LJIMNI HI L_AC>I KOCHKO_>CI >I ;LN >I a>CAI >? -LI=?MMI -?H;F
*CFCN;L ,<LCA;
M? I DO_TI L?=ILLC>I HIM N?LGIM >I ;LNCAI >I --* HI
JL;TI >? =CH=I >C;M L?G?N?L IM ;ONIM ;I 1LC<OH;F =IG IO M?G ;M L;Td?M
>I L?=OLMI !? ;=IL>I =IG ; )?C H KO? CHNLI>OTCO I ;LN
Y
)?C H M?OM CHMNCNONIM H[I M[I ;JFC=XP?CM ;IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M M?
D;G ?F?M JLaJLCIM IO CGJLaJLCIM *]LCNI )?Md?M =ILJIL;CM >? H;NOL?T;

F?P_MMCG; KO? MO<D?NCP;G?HN? G;=OF;G ; CG;A?G >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L J?FI
=IHN?e>I >I =IHMNL;HACG?HNI H[I JI>?G M?L =IHMC>?L;>;M =IGI MCGJF?M
CH@L;\[I >CM=CJFCH;L ;LN g I >I -* "MN;H>I ; ;ONILC; ? ; G;N?LC;F
C>;>? >I >?FCNI =IGJLIP;>;M G?>C;HN? LI<OMN;M JLIP;M =IFBC>;M H; CHMNLO\[I

=LCGCH;F KO? ?HM?D;L;G ; =IH>?H;\[I @C=; CGJIMMC<CFCN;>I I >?=L?NI ;<MI
FONaLCI>I;J?F;HN?p
1;G<]G ?MM; ; PCM[I >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >?
0[I -;OFI I KO? @C=IO >?GIHMNL;>I H; J?F;\[I LCGCH;F H MI<
L?F;NILC; >I 'OCT ?F -* 2<CL;D;L; FG?C>; $;MJ;L DOFA;>; ?G >? G;CI
>? =IG;M?AOCHN??G?HN;
oV >CMJ?HMXP?F ; L?JL?M?HN;\[I >; P_NCG; J;L; I I@?L?=CG?HNI >;

>?HeH=C; J?F; JLXNC=; >I >?FCNI >? F?M[I =ILJIL;F JIL CH;JFC=XP?F ; )?C H
H; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F IG?N? I >?FCNI >? CHI<M?LPZH=C; >?
CHMNLO\[I I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L KO? ;<IL>; P_NCG; >?M;LG;>; ? M?G I@?L?=?L L?M
CMN^H=C; ? ?@?NO; >CMJ;LI >? ;LG; =IHNL; ?F; OM?HN? ; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; ? =;
L;=N?LCT;>II>IFI>I;A?HN?p
+I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F ; CH;JFC=;<CFC>;>? >; )?C H

N;G<]G ] ?PC>?HN? +I Habeas Corpus H *$ DOFA;>I ?G >?
DOHBI >? MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI ?T;L -?FOMI ; 0?AOH>; 1OLG;
>?=C>CO
oUk, -"+) LCG? GCFCN;L -LIJIMN; >? MOMJ?HM[I =IH>C=CIH;F

>I JLI=?MMI #;FN; &H?RCMN^H=C; >? CF?A;FC>;>? #;NI JIMN?LCIL ;I CH_=CI >?
PCA^H=C; >; )?C H KO? ;=L?M=?O I ;LN
>; )?C H %
>?H?A;>I -L?=?>?HN?M I JLI=?MMI JIL =LCG? GCFCN;L JL;NC=;>I ;JaM I CH_=CI
>? PCA^H=C; >; )?C H KO? ;=L?M=?HNIO I ;LN
Y )?C H
H[IM?;>GCN?JLIJIMN;>?MOMJ?HM[I=IH>C=CIH;Fp
CH>; H; ILN? *;CIL ;AIL; H; -LCG?CL; 1OLG; ?G M?>? >I

Habeas Corpus H * MI< ; L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI /C=;L>I
)?Q;H>IQMEC >?=C>CO
M? ?G >? G;L\I >? J?F; CH;JFC=;<CFC>;>? >;
)?C >IM 'OCT;>IM LCGCH;CM "MJ?=C;CM G?MGI ;JaM ; ?>C\[I >; )?C H

oHABEAS CORPUS -/, "00, -"+) *&)&1/

!"0"/Uk,
/1

!,
w!&$,
-"+)
/&*" !"
*&)&1/
&+-)& &)&!!" !0 )"&0 " -/" "!"+1"0

,/!"* !"+"$! & m J;LNCL >I GIG?HNI ?G KO? ; )?C

;=L?M=?HNIO I ;LN
Y )?C @C=IO P?>;>; ; ;JFC=;\[I >IM CHMNC
NONIM >?MJ?H;FCT;>IL?M KO? ?F; =IHN?GJF; HI ZG<CNI >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L && m
A Lei 10.259/2001, que dispe sobre a instituio dos Juizados Especiais Cveis e Criminais na esfera da Justia Federal, no revogou o art. 90-A da
Lei 9.099/95 I =IHNLXLCI ?G M?O ;LN I ] ?RJL?MM; ;I >CMJIL KO? ; ?MM?M
'OCT;>IM M? ;JFC=; ?G H[I B;P?H>I =IH@FCNI I >CMJIMNI H; )?C &&&
, @;NI >? I J;=C?HN? N?L M? ;OM?HN;>I M?G DOMN; =;OM; >; OHC>;>? GCFCN;L ?G
KO? M?LPC; KO;H>I DX NCHB; =OGJLC>I ; KO;M? NIN;FC>;>? >I M?O N?GJI >?
M?LPC\I GCFCN;L I<LCA;NaLCI H[I I ?R=OFJ; >; JLXNC=; >I >?FCNI >? >?M?L\[I &3
m,L>?G>?H?A;>;p
-*
3IFN?GIM ;AIL; Y >CM=OMM[I >; ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >I
CH>; J?LNCH?HN? Y >CM=OMM[I >? GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; ] ; ;P?LCAO;\[I >I

GCFCN;L agregado =OD; @CAOL; =IGJILN; >?@CHC\d?M ;HN;AbHC=;M JILKO;HNI YM
P?T?M ] NC>I =IGI GCFCN;L CH;NCPI N?GJIL;LC;G?HN? ;I J;MMI KO? ?G ;FAOHM
>CJFIG;M ] >?@CHC>I =IGI GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; "MNX A?L;>I I CGJ;MM? 1IG?GIM
OG ?R?GJFI >? =;>; >?@CHC\[I +IM N?LGIM >I ;LN I >I !?=L?NI
)?C ?MN;>O
;F H >? >? G;CI >? HI "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L
;AL?A;>I ] GCFCN;L CH;NCPI N?GJIL;LC;G?HN? I KO? I ?R=FOCLC; >; ;JFC=;\[I
>I >CMJIMCNCPI ?G ;JL?\I 'X I "MN;NONI >IM *CFCN;L?M[487] HI ZG<CNI >;M
#IL\;M LG;>;M =IHMC>?L; ?G M?O ;LN I ;AL?A;>I =IGI GCFCN;L >; ;NCP;
KO? H[I I=OJ; P;A; H; ?M=;F; BC?LXLKOC=; >? M?O KO;>LI %X GOCNI N?GJI
>?<LO\;GI
HIM MI<L? ; KO?MN[I =B?A;H>I Y =IH=FOM[I CH=IGJL??HM_P?F
J;L; ;FAOHM >? KO? I ;AL?A;>I G?MGI H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F >?P? M?L =IHMC>
?L;>I GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; MI< J?H; >? M?L?G =LC;>IM ?M=O>IM CH=I?L?HN?M =IHNL;
;;JFC=;\[I>;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L
*;CM OG; P?T NIG?GIM I ?R?GJFI =IGI JLI=?>CG?HNI >C>XNC=I I

GCFCN;L KO? J?LG;H?\; JIL G;CM >? M?CM G?M?M ;@;MN;>I J;L; NL;N;G?HNI >?
M;e>? JIL FC=?H\; G]>C=; J;MM; ?G 0[I -;OFI Y =IH>C\[I >? ;AL?A;>I J?L
=?<?H>I M?OM P?H=CG?HNIM CHN?AL;CM CG;ACH?GIM >CNI GCFCN;L KO? ;CH>;

JIMMOC I<LCA;\d?M J;L; =IG ; ILJIL;\[I CH=FOMCP? ; >? =?MM;>; ;

;AL?A;\[I =IGJ;L?=?L ;I M?LPC\I MI< J?H; >? CH_=CI >? =IHN;A?G >? ;OM^H
=C; CF?A;F CH>I ;N] OG; 2HC>;>? ? >?M;=;N;H>I M?O =IG;H>;HN? m =LCG? ?H
KO;>L;>I HI CH=CMI & G;M KO? ONCFCT;GIM ;J?H;M J;L; ?PC>?H=C;L ; =IH>C\[I
>I ;AL?A;>I H?MM? =;MI M? =IHMC>?L;LGIM I ;AL?A;>I J;L; @CHM >? ;JFC=;\[I
>; F?C J?H;F =IGI CH;NCPI >?P?L?GIM CG?>C;N;G?HN? CHC=C;L ; ?RJFIL;\[I >I
@;NI I=ILLC>I Y FOT >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I >I -* KO;H>I =B?A;L?GIM Y
=IH=FOM[I >? KO? I L?@?LC>I CH=CMI MIG?HN? G?H=CIH; GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; ? L?
@ILG;>I I KO? NILH;LC; CGJIMM_P?F ; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L JIL @IL\;
>;L?AL;>;CHN?LJL?N;\[IL?MNLCNCP; ;I=;MI=IH=L?NI
!?MM; @ILG; L;NC@C=;GIM I ;=CG; =IHNC>I >? KO? ; G?FBIL ;<IL>
;A?G ] =IHMC>?L;L J;L; @CHM J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M I ;AL?A;>I =IGI GCFCN;L >;
;NCP; MOD?CNI YM I<LCA;\d?M CH?L?HN?M ;I =;LAI =IGI ;M >CM=CJFCH;L?M[488]

;M >? =IHPI=;\[I ; =IGJ;L?=?L ;I KO;LN?F ?N= -I>?GIM ;>?G;CM MOMN?HN;L
KO? ?G OG; CHN?LJL?N;\[I N?F?IFaAC=; I F?ACMF;>IL J?H;F GCFCN;L ;I =IH=?
<?L I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IHN?P? M?O L;=CI=_HCI JIL >?@CHC\d?M @?>?L;CM ?
H?MM? =IHN?RNI ; =IH=?J\[I @?>?L;F >? ;AL?A;>I ] ; >? GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; CMMI
=IG <;M? HI KO? >CMJd? I "MN;NONI >IM *CFCN;L?M ? ;N] G?MGI ; F?ACMF;\[I
@?>?L;F ;@?N; YM JIF_=C;M GCFCN;L?M[489] J?H;M J;L; M?>CG?HN;L HIMM; =IG
JL??HM[I NIG?GIM OG IONLI ?R?GJFI =IG I ;AL?A;>I ;AIL; ?HKO;>L;>I HI

CH=CMI ?G ?MNO>I ?G OG; =;M; HINOLH; OG GCFCN;L ;AL?A;>I JIL ?R?GJFI
?G FC=?H\; J;L; NL;N;L >? ;MMOHNI J;LNC=OF;L JLIPI=; F?Md?M =ILJIL;CM ?G
IONL; J?MMI; KO? M;<? M?L GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; >? MO; @IL\; JILKO;HNI >; G?MG;
2HC>;>? ?G KO? M?LPC; ;HN?M >; ;AL?A;\[I H?MM? =;MI >?P?L?GIM =IHMC>?L
;L OG; F?M[I =ILJIL;F JL;NC=;>; JIL GCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? I

;AL?A;>I =IHNL; GCFCN;L H; G?MG; MCNO;\[I ?HKO;>L;H>I
M? ; =IH>ON; H;
;F_H?; a >ICH=CMI&&>I;LN I >I -*
MMCH;F?
M? ;CH>; H; ;F_H?; ?G ?MNO>I ; equiparao a militar da
ativa NL;TC>; J?FI ;LN >I -* 0?AOH>I ?MM? ;LNCAI ?KOCJ;L;

M? ;I GCFCN
;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? ;KO?F? KO? ?G<IL; M?D; L?@ILG;>I IO >; L?M?LP;
L?GOH?L;>; IO H[I ] ?GJL?A;>I H; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L >C;HN;GIM
KO? ; >C@?L?H\; <XMC=; ?HNL? I GCFCN;L L?@ILG;>I ? I >; L?M?LP; ] KO? ?MN?
JI>? M?L L?P?LNC>I ;I M?LPC\I ;NCPI ?G ;FAOHM =;MIM =IGI H; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L

>I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI J;L; ; =IGJIMC\[I >? =IGCMM[I IO J;L; =IGJIL
IHM?FBI >? 'OMNC\; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN >I !?=
)?C H
?HKO;HNI ;KO?F? L?@ILG;>I H[I I JI>? 1I>;PC; I L?@?LC>I ;LN
H[I =IHMC>?L; ?MM; >C@?L?H\; J?FI =IHNLXLCI ?KOCJ;L;
IM ;I GCFCN;L >;
;NCP; >?M>? KO? ?MN?D;G ?R?L=?H>I ;NCPC>;>?M H; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L "MM;
?KOCJ;L;\[I BX KO? HIN;L JL?=?>? I =LCG? GCFCN;L IO M?D; I GCFCN;L H?MM;M
=IH>C\d?M =IG?N?LX I =LCG? =IGI GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; M?H>I
FB? ;JFC=;>;M ;M
JL?PCMd?M >IM CH=CMIM & ? && >I ;LN I ? H[I ;M >I CH=CMI &&& >I G?MGI >CM
JIMCNCPI L?M?LP;>I ;IM CH;NCPIM ? ;IM =CPCM HI ZG<CNI @?>?L;F !C@?L? JILN
;HNI >; ?KOCJ;L;\[I >I ;LN KO? M? L?@?L? ;I GIG?HNI JIMN?LCIL ;I

=IG?NCG?HNI >I >?FCNI GCFCN;L KO;H>I I@C=C;CM ? JL;\;M CH;NCPIM AO;L>;L[I ;M
JL?LLIA;NCP;M ? >?P?L?M >IM GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; =IG?N?H>I IO M?H>I P_NCG; >?
=LCG? GCFCN;L "R?GJFC@C=;NCP;G?HN? OG GCFCN;L >; #IL\; ]L?; DX H; L?
M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; KO? J;MM? M?G ;NI >? L?P?LM[I ; JL?MN;L M?LPC\IM J;L; ;
;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L >? @ILG; L?AOF;L m IO M?D; JIL OG ;NI >; CHMNCNOC\[I ?
H[I CMIF;>;G?HN? JIL OG IG;H>;HN? KO? JIL ?R?GJFI J?>? ; M?O ;GCAI
GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; J;L; >?M?HPIFP?L OG JLIAL;G; >? =IGJON;>IL J;L; I
KO;LN?F m ? >CL?N; m IO M?D; ?R=FOCH>I
M? IM =;MIM >? N?L=?CLCT;\[I ; ?R?GJFI
>I GCFCN;L L?@ILG;>I KO? ;AIL; ?GJL?A;>I >? OG; ?GJL?M; >? software
P;C ;N] I KO;LN?F >?M?HPIFP?L OG JLIAL;G; JICM MO; ?GJL?M; P?H=?O OG
JLI=?MMI FC=CN;NaLCI m ?MN;H>I @IL; >I KO;LN?F ? JL;NC=;H>I F?M[I =ILJIL;F ?G
OG GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; >I "R]L=CNI =IHB?=?H>I ?MM; =IH>C\[I >; P_NCG; N?LX
JL;NC=;>I OG =LCG? GCFCN;L DX KO? MO; =IH>ON; M?LX MO<MOGC>; J?F; ;F_H?; a
>ICH=CMI&&>I;LN I
*;CM OG; NILG?HNIM; KO?MN[I , =IH=?CNI >? GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; ?G
HIMM; PCM[I L?MNLCHA?
M? ;I ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F IO @?>?L;F H[I B;P?H>I ?G L?
AL; NL;HM@?L^H=C; ?HNL? ?MM;M ?M@?L;M "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M ; >IONLCH; ? ; DOL
CMJLO>^H=C; =IHN?GJILZH?;M ;MMCH;F;G KO? I GCFCN;L ?MN;>O;F ] PCMNI =IGI
=CPCF J?F; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L #?>?L;F ? PC=?

P?LM;[490] 1?GIM HIN;>I KO? H;
JLXNC=; IM IJ?L;>IL?M >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L MI<L?NO>I ;M ;ONILC>;>?M >?
JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L M[I L?=;F=CNL;HN?M ?G ;=?CN;L N;F JIMC\[I KO? M?
NILHIO KO?MN[I JIF^GC=; =IG JIMC\d?M J;L; ;G<IM IM F;>IM L?P?LN?H>I
M?

OG; N?H>^H=C; ;HN?LCIL KO? J;L?=C; =;GCHB;L J;L; ; J;=C@C=;\[I >I

?HN?H>CG?HNI
"MM; I<M?LP;\[I JIL a<PCI H[I ;JLIP?CN; ;J?H;M ;M =IH>ON;M

J;MM_P?CM >? ?HKO;>L;G?HNI H; ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I G;M N;G<]G
;IM =LCG?M ;<L;HAC>IM J?FI CH=CMI & >I G?MGI ;LNCAI =IHN;GCH;H>I H[I Ma I
?F?G?HNI HILG;NCPI militar G;M N;G<]G superior subordinado ?N= "G
HIMM; IJCHC[I GOCNI JLO>?HN? N;F ;<IL>;A?G JILKO;HNI ;CH>; KO? GCFCN
;L?M BX HINXP?F >C@?L?H\; HIM OMIM ? =IMNOG?M H; >CM=CJFCH; ?N= M?H>I CH
=IHALO^H=C; NIG;L GCFCN;L ?MN;>O;F JIL MCHbHCGI >? GCFCN;L @?>?L;F +?MM?
M?HNC>I CG;ACH? JIL ?R?GJFI OG I@C=C;F >I "R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI KO? J;M
M;H>I JIL OG; I=ILL^H=C; >? =IG<;N? ; CH=^H>CI =IG?=? ; >;L IL>?HM ;I
M;LA?HNI >I ILJI >? IG<?CLIM JILKO? =IGI G?G<LI >; LCA;>; >?
&H=^H>CI >? M?O .O;LN?F ?HN?H>? KO? I =IG;H>I >? o<IG<; ;LG;Lp ?MNX
=IGJF?N;G?HN? ?LL;>I B;P?LC; >?ML?MJ?CNI ; MOJ?LCIL M? I M;LA?HNI L?
MJIH>?MM? >? @ILG; L_MJC>; "HN?H>?GIM KO? H[I ? H[I MIG?HN? JIL ;F
AOG; ?R=FO>?HN? >? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? IO >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? G;M J?F; ;NCJC=C>
;>? >; =IH>ON; -I>?

M? CG;ACH;L OG M?G
HeG?LI >? ?R?GJFIM I@C=C;F >;
-* >?=C>? KO? OG; ,J?L;\[I 1CJI -IF_=C; >I "R]L=CNI ?MNX ?KOCPI=;>; JIFC
=C;F GCFCN;L >? @IFA; KO? ;ALC>? GCFCN;L >I "R]L=CNI N;G<]G >? @IFA; ?N=
JIL]G NI>IM ?R=FO_>IM J?F; FCGCN;\[I HILG;NCP; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L L?
MNLCN; ;I ZG<CNI @?>?L;F IO ;I ?MN;>O;F MMCH;F;GIM KO? I ?HN?H>CG?HNI

?PC>?H=C;>I H[I M?LX I G?MGI M? JIL BCJaN?M? @IL\; ?MN;>O;F ? @IL\; @?>?L;F
J;MM;L?G ; =IGJIL OG; eHC=; @IL\; =IGI HIM =;MIM >? =IHPI=;\[I ? >?
GI<CFCT;\[I !?P?
M? ;N?HN;L JIL >?LL;>?CLI J;L; I @;NI >? KO? ; ?R=FOM[I
J?F; F?NL; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I H[I MCAHC@C=;LX ?R=FOM[I >;M >?G;CM
;F_H?;M !?MM; @ILG; ; ;AL?MM[I >? OG GCFCN;L @?>?L;F JIL OG GCFCN;L ?MN;>O
;F ?G FI=;F MOD?CNI Y >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F M?LX ?G N?M? =LCG?

GCFCN;L ; M?L JLI=?MM;>I ? DOFA;>I J?F; 'OMNC\; ;MNL?HM? ?MN;>O;F G;M H[I
JIL ;JFC=;\[I >; ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I ? MCG J?F; ;JFC=;\[I >;
;F_H?; b >I G?MGI CH=CMI V >? HIN;L KO? H?MM? =;MI B;P?LC; =LCG? GCFCN;L
M? ; P_NCG; @IMM? OG =CPCF PCMNI KO? I =LCN]LCI NL;TC>I J?F; )?C ] I ratione loci
?H[II ratione personae

=IH@CLG;L I ?RJIMNI NL;HM=L?P?GIM HINXP?F G;HC@?MN;\[I >I L?J
L?M?HN;HN? >I Parquet H; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI ?G =;MI
>? JLCM[I ?G @F;AL;HN? >? MIF>;>I >; ?LIHXONC=; JIL ,@C=C;F >; -IF_=C; *CFCN
;L ?HN?H>?H>IN?LB;PC>I=LCG?GCFCN;L
o, ,@C=C;F ;<OMIO >? MO; ;ONILC>;>? JILKO? H[I ?MN;P; ?G M?LPC\I
>? H;NOL?T; GCFCN;L ? =IHMNL;HA?O I MIF>;>I ;ACH>I =IGI MOJ?LCIL BC?LXL
KOC=I =IG L?F;\[I ; G?G<LI >? IONL; CHMNCNOC\[I KO;H>I H[I I ?L; H;
L?;FC>;>?
&G;ACH?
M?;M?AOCHN?BCJaN?M?
2G M;LA?HNI >; ?LIHXONC=; >X IL>?G ; M?O CH@?LCIL >CP?LM; >? OG

,@C=C;F>;-*
;<? ;I MIF>;>I I<?>?=?L ;I M;LA?HNI ? H[I ;I ,@C=C;F >; -*
JILKO? N?=HC=;G?HN? M?O MOJ?LCIL BC?LXLKOC=I ] I G?G<LI >? MO; JLaJLC;
CHMNCNOC\[I
-?FI L?AOF;G?HNI >CM=CJFCH;L I MIF>;>I ?MN;P; I<LCA;>I ; M?L ?>O
=;>I ? L?MJ?CNIMI I<LCA;\[I KO? N;G<]G M? N?G =IG IM =CPCM G;M I ,@C=C;F
H[I ?L; M?O MOJ?LCIL ? H[I JI>?LC; FB? >;L IL>?HM =IGI M? ,@C=C;F >; ?L
IHXONC=;@IMM?p[491]
V JL?=CMI L?MM;FN;L KO? I ?HN?H>CG?HNI >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN
;L H[I ] H?MM? M?HNC>I "G L?=?HN? DOFA;>I ?MM; ILN? @CLGIO MO; JIMC\[I HI
M?HNC>I >? KO? BX =LCG? GCFCN;L =;F=;>I H; ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >I
-* ?G ;AL?MM[I MI@LC>; JIL JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L J?LJ?NL;>; JIL GCFCN;L @?>?L;F
>? @IFA; ,M @OH>;G?HNIM >; >?=CM[I >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L @IL;G ?G
M_HN?M? IM M?AOCHN?M o, ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L H[I @IC L?=?J=CIH;>I
J?F; IHMNCNOC\[I >? ?HNL? ;M >CP?LM;M GI>C@C=;\d?M MI@LC>;M J?F; IH
MNCNOC\[I ;MMOG? L?F?PZH=C; ; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F KO? GI>C@C=IO

;L?>;\[I>I;LN>;)?C#OH>;G?HN;F[492]
!? @;NI ; PCM[I >I 01* ?MNX M? @CLG;H>I HI M?HNC>I >? =IHMC>?L;L
;JaM I ;>P?HNI >; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H CAO;CM IM =;LAIM >? GCFCN
;L @?>?L;F ? GCFCN;L ?MN;>O;F I KO? JI>? M?L P?LC@C=;>I ;F]G >I DOFA;>I

=CN;>I JIL ]FCI )I<[I HI Habeas Corpus H

*$ DOF
A;>I ?G >? G;CI >? MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI HNbHCI JJ;L_=CI
&AHX=CI!IGCHAO?M F;PL;H>I;M?AOCHN??G?HN;
oHABEAS CORPUS 1L;H=;G?HNI >; ;\[I J?H;F IGJ?N^H=C; >;
'OMNC\; *CFCN;L Exceptio rei judicatae 0CGCFCNO>? =IG J?>C>I >?H?A;>I ?G
IONLIM @?CNIM 'O_TI >? ;>GCMMC<CFC>;>? Writ H[I =IHB?=C>I
LCG? >? L?M
CMN^H=C; ? >? >?M;=;NI JL;NC=;>I JIL GCFCN;L @?>?L;F =IHNL; CHN?AL;HN?M >;
-IF_=C; *CFCN;L >? *CH;M $?L;CM IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; ;MNL?HM? @CLG;>;
?G &GJ?NL;\[I ;HN?LCIL =IH>ON; >?FCNOIM; JL?PCMN; HIM ;LNM ?
;G<IM >I -* KO;H>I JL;NC=;>; JIL GCFCN;L >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M =IHNL;
JIFC=C;CM GCFCN;L?M =IH@ILG;
M? Y BCJaN?M? >I CH=CMI && F?NL; a >I ;LN I >I
-* >;>; ; KO;FC>;>? >? GCFCN;L ;NLC<O_>; ;IM CHN?AL;HN?M >;M ILJIL;\d?M

-IFC=C;CM *CFCN;L?M =IG I ;>P?HNI >; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H &HI
=ILL^H=C; >? "R=?\[I >? ICM; 'OFA;>; +I DOFA;G?HNI >? /?=OLMI LCGCH;F
CHN?LJIMNI H?MN? G?MGI JLI=?MMI ?MN; ILN? =;MNL?HM? ?HN?H>?O KO? ?G M?
NL;N;H>I >? =LCG? GCFCN;L ] >? M? ;@;MN;L ; ?R=?\[I >? =ICM; DOFA;>; ; >?M
J?CNI >? !?=CM[I ;<MIFONaLC; JLI@?LC>; J?F; 'OMNC\; IGOG PCMNI H[I M? =IH
MNCNOCL =ICM; DOFA;>; G;N?LC;F H; ;FO>C>; DOMNC\; ?G L?F;\[I ; JLI=?MMI KO?

;JOL; >?FCNI >? H;NOL?T; GCFCN;L Habeas corpus H[I =IHB?=C>I !?=CM[I
OHZHCG?p
CH>; HI 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L ?G<IL; H[I ;@?N; Y ;F_H?; a >I

CH=CMI && >I ;LN I G;M Y ;F_H?; e >I G?MGI CH=CMI vide L?=?HN? >?=CM[I HI
/?=OLMI ?G 0?HNC>I "MNLCNI H

/' DOFA;>I ?G >?
HIP?G<LI >? MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI #L;H=CM=I 'IM] >; 0CFP;
#?LH;H>?M
o/?=OLMI ?G 0?HNC>I "MNLCNI "MN?FCIH;NI -* ;LN /?D?C\[I
>? >?HeH=C; JIL CH=IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >; 2HC[I /?@ILG; >; >?
=CM[I a quo ;; -*/' KO? >?CR; >? =IGOHC=;L I @;F?=CG?HNI >? MO;
A?HCNIL; <?H?@C=CXLC; >? J?HM[I GCFCN;L >; *;LCHB; >I L;MCF FIAL;H>I ;M
MCG L?=?<?L P;HN;A?G J?=OHCXLC; CF_=CN; ?G JL?DO_TI >I J;NLCGbHCI MI< >
GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L LCG? ?G N?M? >? ?MN?FCIH;NI cometido por militar em

atividade, luz do que preconiza o art. 42, 1 o , da CF/88 ? JILN;HNI

=LCG? GCFCN;L HIM N?LGIM >; ;F_H?; e >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN >I -* =IHMC>
?L;H>I KO? ; =IH>ON; >I L?@?LC>I -* H[I N?P? KO;FKO?L P_H=OFI =IG MO;
;NCPC>;>? JLI@CMMCIH;F ? H[I ;N?HNIO =IHNL; I J;NLCGbHCI >? MO; =ILJIL;\[I
-LIPC>IIL?=OLMIGCHCMN?LC;F2HZHCG?p
I
+I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; ; PCM[I ] IM=CF;HN? "G >? ION
O<LI >? HI
IH@FCNI >?
IGJ?N^H=C; H /' MI< L?F;NILC; >I
*CHCMNLI$CFMIH!CJJ I01'>?=C>CO
o ,+#)&1, !" ,*-"1t+ & !"0 1, !"0,"!&t+ &

" /"0&01t+ & 02-,01*"+1" ,*"1&!0 -,/ 0,)!!, !,
"5V/ &1, /0&)"&/, #,/ !" 0"/3&U,
,+1/ -,)& &&0
*&)&1/"0 "* 0"/3&U, !" -1/2)%*"+1, ,01"+0&3,

/ 1"/&7! #2+Uk, !" -,)& &) &3&) ,*-"1t+ & !
'201&U ,*2*
& m %CJaN?M? ?G KO? IM =LCG?M @IL;G =IG?NC>IM J?FI MIF>;>I >I
"R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI =IHNL; OG 0;LA?HNI ? OG MIF>;>I >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L KO?
?MN;P;G ?G M?LPC\I >? J;NLOFB;G?HNI IMN?HMCPI HI -;LKO? ;LG?FCH; >?
;LP;FBI 3CF;L>IM1?F?M *OHC=_JCI>?0[I'I[I>?*?LCNC/'
&& m 1L;N;H>I
M? >? MIF>;>I >I "R]L=CNI KO? H[I M? ?H=IHNL;P; ?G
M?LPC\I ? >? JIFC=C;CM GCFCN;L?M ?G @OH\[I >? JIFC=C;G?HNI IMN?HMCPI I =;MI ]
>?CH=C>^H=C;>IP?L<?N?>?HeG?LI01#
&&& m IH@FCNI =IHB?=C>I J;L; >?=F;L;L =IGJ?N?HN? I 'O_TI >?
!CL?CNI >I & 'OCT;>I "MJ?=C;F LCGCH;F >? 0[I 'I[I >? *?LCNC m /' I
MOM=CN;>Ip
+IN?
M? KO? HI DOFA;>I ;=CG; ;J?M;L >? ;=?LN;>; ; >?=CM[I JIL
=LCG? =IGOG I JLCH=CJ;F ;LAOG?HNI >; >?=CM[I @IC ; G;F@;>;>; 0eGOF;
>I 01# KO? =IGI DX ?RJOM?GIM HI ?M=IL\I BCMNaLC=I H[I ?H=IHNL; G;CM
L;T[I >? ?RCMN^H=C; >?M>? ; ?>C\[I >; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H >? >?
;<LCF>?

"G IONLI =;MI G;CM L?=?HN? ; PCM[I >I 01' @IC ?R;N;G?HN? HI M?H
NC>I =IHNLXLCI "G >? ;AIMNI >? HI Habeas Corpus H /0

MI<;L?F;NILC;>I*CHCMNLI'ILA?*OMMC ;.OCHN;1OLG;>I01'>?=C>CO
oHABEAS CORPUS )"0k, ,/-,/) !")&1, ,*"1&!,

-,/ -,)& &&0 *&)&1/"0 ,+1/ &+1"$/+1" !, "5V/ &1,
/0&)"&/, /V20 " 3v1&* "* 0&12Uk, !" 1&3&!!" /&*"

*&)&1/ &*-/w-/&, &+1")&$t+ & !, /1 I && A !, -*
,*-"1t+ & ! '201&U 01/"+0" !" &0k, !, 1/&2+)
&*-"1/!, "/1! ,Uk,&)"$)+k,"3&!"+ &!
1?H>I I =LCG? >? F?Md?M =ILJIL;CM MC>I =IG?NC>I H; =CL=OHMNZH=C;
JL?PCMN; HI ;LN I && F?NL; a >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L IO M?D; qJIL GCFCN;L
?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? IO ;MM?G?FB;>I =IHNL; GCFCN;L H; G?MG; MCNO;\[Ir
<;MN; J;L; @CHM >? =IH@CAOL;\[I >I >?FCNI GCFCN;L M?L?G L]O ? P_NCG; GCFCN
;L?M >; ;NCP; JICM ; F?C H[I ?RCA? IONL; =CL=OHMNZH=C; ;F]G >; =IH>C\[I J?MM
I;F >IM ?HPIFPC>IM J;L; =IH@?LCL ;I >?FCNI =IGOG ; =IHIN;\[I >? =LCG? GCFCN
;L-L?=?>?HN?M>I01#?>?MN?01'
1L;N;H>I
M? >? =LCG? GCFCN;L CGJLaJLCI =IGJ?N? Y 'OMNC\; *CFCN
;LIM?OJLI=?MM;G?HNI?DOFA;G?HNIp
CH>; HI 01' ; 1?L=?CL; 0?MM[I MI< L?F;NILC; >; *CHCMNL; *;LC;

1B?L?T;>?MMCM*IOL; >?=C>CO ?G>?IONO<LI>?
o ,+#)&1, +"$1&3, !" ,*-"1t+ & '201&U *&)&1/

"01!2) " #"!"/) )"0l"0 ,/-,/&0 2)-,00 -,)& &)
*&)&1/
,+1/
-&1k, !, "5V/ &1, 1)%k, !"
&+#+1/& ), ) 02'"&1, j !*&+&01/Uk, *&)&1/ #"!"/)
,*-"1t+ &!'201&U*&)&1/!2+&k,
)?Md?M =ILJIL;CM JL;NC=;>;M JIL JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L =IHNL; =;JCN[I >I

?R]L=CNI >?HNLI >? OG <;N;FB[I >? CH@;HN;LC; FI=;F MOD?CNI Y >GCHCMNL;\[I
GCFCN;L @?>?L;F ] =LCG? GCFCN;L >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >; 2HC[I
?G @;=? >; KO;FC@C=;\[I >IM ?HPIFPC>IM ? N;G<]G J?F; JLIN?\[I KO? G?L?=? I
FI=;FIH>?;=IHN?=C>IMIM@;NIM
*CFCN;L
JFC=;\[I >; F?NL; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN
>I

a>CAI -?H;F
IH@FCNI =IHB?=C>I J;L; >?=F;L;L =IGJ?N?HN? I 'O_TI O>CNIL >;

; O>CNILC; >; ; CL=OHM=LC\[I 'O>C=CXLC; *CFCN;L >; 2HC[I ?G 0[I -;OFI
IMOM=CN;>Ip
"G G;ACMNL;F =IHMNLO\[I @?CN; ?G ;LNCAI ?MJ?=_@C=I MI<L? ; KO?MN[I

=IG ; KO;F =IH=IL>;GIM ]FCI )I<[I L?@ON; ; JIMC\[I >I 01* ? JIL =IH
M?KO^H=C; ;M >O;M eFNCG;M >I 01' @CLG; KO? ; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H

H[I CHIPIO ; L?;FC>;>? DX ?RCMN?HN? G;M ;J?H;M >?CRIO G;CM =F;L; ;
M?J;L;\[I ?HNL? GCFCN;L?M >IM "MN;>IM ;LN >; # ? GCFCN;L?M >;M #IL\;M
LG;>;M ;LN >; # @LCM;H>I KO? ; =IH>C\[I >? GCFCN;L J;L; IM CHN?A
L;HN?M >;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M ? ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M M?GJL? ?MN?P?
JL?M?HN? ?G HIMMI IL>?H;G?H
NI[493] "G ;LL?G;N? I CHMCAH? ;ONIL ?PC>
?H=C; PCM[I >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F ?G =;MI ;HXFIAI ?G KO? OG GCFCN
;L@?>?L;FF?MCIHIOCHN?AL;HN?>;-IF_=C;*CFCN;L HIMM?AOCHN?MN?LGIM
o F?CNOL; >I ;LNCAI >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F H[I ;ONILCT; I CHN]L
JL?N? ; =IH=FOCL J?F; ?KOCJ;L;\[I >IM CHN?AL;HN?M >;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M

"MN;>O;CM ;IM =IGJIH?HN?M >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M J;L; @CHM >? 'OMNC\; &G
JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ?HKO;>L;G?HNI HI ;LN I ? CH=CMIM >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN
;L
IH@FCNI =IHB?=C>I ;MM?AOL;>; ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\;
=IGOGp[494]
IG ?@?CNI ; PCM[I >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F J;L?=? =;GCHB;L
J;L; OG; H[I ?KOCJ;L;\[I ?HNL? GCFCN;L?M @?>?L;CM ? ?MN;>O;CM +I Habeas
Corpus H /0 MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI ?FMI >? *?FFI ; 0?AOH>;
1OLG; >I -L?NaLCI "R=?FMI ?G >? ;AIMNI >? Y OH;HCGC>;>?
>?=C>CO
oEMENTA HABEAS CORPUS m /&*" *&)&1/ "* 0"+1&!,

&*-/w-/&, m &+#/Uk, -"+) -/1& ! -,/ *&)&1/ #,/ !"
0"/3&U, ,+1/ -,)& &) *&)&1/ "* 0&12Uk, !" 1&3&!!"
m&+ ,*-"1t+ & ! '201&U *&)&1/ m -"!&!, !"#"/&!, ,0
/&*"0 !" /"0&01t+ & )"0l"0
,/-,/&0 )"3"0 " !"0 1,

.2)&#& *
0"
,*, !")&1,0 *&)&1/"0 "* 0"+1&!,
&*-/w-/&, , IL>?H;G?HNI JIMCNCPI ;I >CMJIL MI<L? IM ?F?G?HNIM KO?
=IGJd?G ; ?MNLONOL; N_JC=; >I =LCG? GCFCN;L q?MM?HNC;FC; >?FC=NCr =IHMC>?L;
=IGI CF_=CNI =;MNL?HM? ?G<IL; ?G M?HNC>I CGJLaJLCI ;KO?F? KO? JL?PCMNI
HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L m ? CAO;FG?HN? NCJC@C=;>I =IG C>^HNC=; >?@CHC\[I H;
F?C J?H;F =IGOG /1'
m P?G ; M?L JL;NC=;>I qJIL GCFCN;L ?G
MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? =IHNL; GCFCN;L H; G?MG; MCNO;\[I r -* ;LN
I && q;r H;NOL?T; =;MNL?HM? >I @;NI >?FCNOIMI m ?G<IL; ?MN?D; ?F? CAO;F
G?HN? >?@CHC>I =IGI >?FCNI H; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG m L?MOFN; >; =IH
DOA;\[I >? >CP?LMIM ?F?G?HNIM >? =IH@CAOL;\[I N_JC=; >?HNL? IM KO;CM M?

>?MN;=;G ; =IH>C\[I @OH=CIH;F >I ;A?HN? ? ; >I MOD?CNI J;MMCPI >; ;\[I
>?FCNOIM; >?M=;L;=N?LCT;H>I
M? HI ?HN;HNI ;CH>; KO? JL?M?HN? N;F =IHN?RNI
; _H>IF? GCFCN;L >?MM? CF_=CNI J?H;F M? I ;A?HN? H[I M? ?H=IHNL;L ?G MCNO;\[I

>? ;NCPC>;>? %CJaN?M? I=ILL?HN? H; ?MJ]=C? ?CM KO? IM >?FCNIM >? L?MCMN^H=C;
F?Md?M F?P?M ? >?M;=;NI N?LC;G MC>I =IG?NC>IM JIL M;LA?HNI >I "R]L=CNI @IL;
>? M?LPC\I =IHNL; MIF>;>IM ? =;<IM >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L ?G ;NCPC>;>?
.2"01k, ! ,*-"1t+ & -"+) ! '201&U *&)&1/ ! 2+&k,
" +" "00u/& ,0"/3s+ & -"),0 w/$k,0 '2!& &u/&,0
01/"+0"0 !, -/&+ v-&, ,+01&12 &,+) !, '2&7 +12/)

=IGJ?N^H=C; J?H;F >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >; 2HC[I H[I M? FCGCN; ;J?H;M ;IM CH
N?AL;HN?M >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M H?G M? >?@CH? JIL CMMI G?MGI qL;NCIH? J?L
MIH;?r V ;@?L_P?F I<D?NCP;G?HN? ; J;LNCL >; MO<MOH\[I >I =IGJILN;G?HNI

>I ;A?HN? m KO;FKO?L ;A?HN? G?MGI I =CPCF ;CH>; KO? ?G N?GJI >? J;T m ;I
JL?=?CNI JLCGXLCI CH=LCGCH;>IL =IHMO<MN;H=C;>I HIM NCJIM J?H;CM >?@CHC>IM
?G F?C I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L m , @ILI ?MJ?=C;F >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >; 2HC[I
H[I ?RCMN? J;L; IM =LCG?M >IM GCFCN;L?M G;M MCG J;L; IM >?FCNIM GCFCN;L?M
qNION =IOLNr " I =LCG? GCFCN;L =IGCMM_P?F JIL ;A?HN? GCFCN;L IO ;N] G?MGI
JIL =CPCF Ma ?RCMN? KO;H>I I ;ONIL JLI=?>? ? ;NO; H;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M N;R;NCP;
G?HN? L?@?LC>;M J?FI ;LN I >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? JL?P^ ; JIMMC<CFC>
;>? DOL_>C=; >? =IH@CAOL;\[I >? >?FCNI =;MNL?HM? ?P?HNO;FG?HN? JL;NC=;>I JIL
=CPCF G?MGI ?G N?GJI >? J;T , -,012)!, !, '2&7 +12/)
/"-/"0"+1
$/+1&
,+01&12
&,+)
&+!&0-,+v3")
00"$2/! .2).2"/ /V2 "* 0"!" !" -"/0" 2Uk, -"+)

*"0*, .2+!, &+012/! -"/+1" '201&U *&)&1/ !

2+&k, V CLL?=OMXP?F ?G HIMMI MCMN?G; >? >CL?CNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F JIMCNCPI m
=IHMC>?L;>I I JLCH=_JCI >I DOCT H;NOL;F m KO? HCHAO]G JI>?LX M?L JLCP;>I
>? MO; FC<?L>;>? M?H[I G?>C;HN? DOFA;G?HNI J?F; ;ONILC>;>? DO>C=CXLC; =IG
J?N?HN? +?HBOG; J?MMI; ?G =IHM?KO^H=C; JI>?LX M?L MO<NL;_>; ;I M?O DOCT

H;NOL;F HIP; IHMNCNOC\[I >I L;MCF ;I JLI=F;G;L ;M FC<?L>;>?M Je<FC=;M m
KO? L?JL?M?HN;G FCGCN;\d?M ?RJL?MMCP;M ;IM JI>?L?M >I "MN;>I m =IHM;ALIO
>? GI>I ?RJF_=CNI I JIMNOF;>I @OH>;G?HN;F >I DOCT H;NOL;F , ;LN I )&&&
>; ;LN; -IF_NC=; JL?M=L?P? KO? qHCHAO]G M?LX JLI=?MM;>I H?G M?HN?H=C;>I
M?H[I J?F; ;ONILC>;>? =IGJ?N?HN?r ,+0&!"/Ul"0 "* 1,/+, !,
/u1"/ "01/&1, ! ,*-"1t+ & -"+) ! '201&U *&)&1/
!,0 "01!,0
*"*/,0 DOLCM>C\[I J?H;F >IM aLA[IM CHN?AL;HN?M >; ?M
NLONOL; CHMNCNO=CIH;F >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >IM "MN;>IM

G?G<LIM H[I M? ?MN?H>?
=IHMNCNO=CIH;FG?HN? ;IM CHN?AL;HN?M >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M H?G ;<L;HA? IM
=CPCM /1'
/?F *CH ")0, !" *")), ;CH>; KO? ; NI>IM
?F?M B;D; MC>I CGJON;>; ; MOJIMN; JLXNC=; >? >?FCNIM GCFCN;L?M =IHNL; ; JLa
JLC;-IF_=C;*CFCN;L>I"MN;>IIOIM;A?HN?MKO?;=IGJd?Gp
"G<IL; HIP;G?HN? J;L?\; N?L B;PC>I ; =IH@OM[I ?HNL? GCFCN;L ?G
M?LPC\I =IG GCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? I DOFA;>I ;=CG; =;MI =IH
@?LCMM? OG; C>?HNC>;>? JF?H; >IM =;LAIM B;P?LC; >? L?=IHB?=?L ; ;F_H?; a >I
CH=CMI&&>I;LN I >I -* IKO?H[II=ILL?O
+IN?
M? KO? ; H[I C>?HNC>;>? >? =;LAIM KO? ;KOC >?@?H>?GIM m GCF
CN;L @?>?L;F ? ?MN;>O;F m NILH;

M? OG; ?RCA^H=C; CHKO?MNCIHXP?F ?G @;=? >;
?MNLONOL; @?>?L;NCP; JILKO;HNI ;>GCNCL OG; JL?N?HM; CAO;F>;>? MCAHC@C=;LC;
OG; F?M[I CH?KO_PI=; ;I J;=NI @?>?L;NCPI M;=L;G?HN;>I HI ;LN >; IH
MNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F H?A;H>I

M? ; ;ONIHIGC; ;I "MN;>I
*?G<LI "G IONL;M
J;F;PL;M >CT?L KO? JIL ?R?GJFI OG ;JCN[I >I "R]L=CNI >?P? M?L =IHMC>
?L;>I MOJ?LCIL BC?LXLKOC=I J;L; @CHM J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M >? OG -LCG?CLI

N?H
?HN? >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I /CI $L;H>? >I +ILN? MCAHC@C=;LC; ;MMOGCL J;MMCP;
G?HN? OG; CHN?LP?H\[I H[I ;ONILCT;>; >; 2HC[I HI "MN;>I

*?G<LI DX KO?
?G H?HBOG; J;LN? >I N?RNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F m eHC=I >CJFIG; KO? JI>? ?R=?J
=CIH;L I J;=NI @?>?L;NCPI I<M?LP;H>I

M? IM FCGCN?M >I He=F?I L_AC>I >I g I

>I ;LN M? @IL J?FI -I>?L IHMNCNOCHN? >?LCP;>I m BX ; JL?PCM[I >? KO? ;M
-IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M M[I MO<IL>CH;>;M YM #IL\;M LG;>;M B;P?H>I MIG?HN? ;
JL?PCM[I >? KO? ;KO?F;M M[I @IL\;M ;ORCFC;L?M ? L?M?LP; >I ?R]L=CNI HIM N?L
GIM >I ;LN g I >; )?C *;CIL $O;L>;>;M ;M JLIJIL\d?M ;=?CN;L N;F
MO<IL>CH;\[I M?LC; I G?MGI KO? ;=?CN;L ; MO<IL>CH;\[I >? OG !?JON;>I
"MN;>O;F ; OG !?JON;>I #?>?L;F IO >? OG aLA[I >I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI >IM
"MN;>IM ; OG 1LC<OH;F /?ACIH;F #?>?L;F 3;F? L?MM;FN;L KO? ;I =IHNLXLCI >I
KO? ;FAOHM J?HM;G I L?MJ?CNI =IH@?LC>I J;L; @CHM >? BIHL;M ? =IHNCH^H=C;M
M?AOH>I I KO;F OG -LCG?CLI
N?H?HN? >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >?P? JL?MN;L =IH
NCH^H=C; J;L; OG ;JCN[I >I "R]L=CNI H[I MCAHC@C=; OG; MO<IL>CH;\[I J;L;
@CHM J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M G;M ;J?H;M OG MCH;F >? L?MJ?CNI JL?PCMNI HI L?AOF;
G?HNI >? =IHNCH^H=C;M >; @IL\; GCFCN;L ?MN;>O;F KO? N;G<]G JL?P^ >?P?L >?
=IHNCH^H=C; JIL ?R?GJFI ;I -L?MC>?HN? >; MM?G<F?C; )?ACMF;NCP; >I

"MN;>I ? H?G JIL CMMI B;P?LX ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? OG =LCG? GCFCN;L >? >?M;
=;NI;MOJ?LCIL=IHNL;;KO?F;;ONILC>;>?>I-I>?L)?ACMF;NCPI"MN;>O;F
+[I <;MN;MM?G ;M J;F;PL;M >? ]FCI )I<[I HI ;LNCAI MOJL;=CN;>I

?G MO; I<L; >? !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IG ;AO>?T; _GJ;L ;MM?P?L; ;I ?RJFC
=;L I =IH=?CNI >I ;LN >I -* KO? o;I G?H=CIH;L GCFCN;L ?MN;GIM HIM
L?@?LCH>I ;IM CHN?AL;HN?M >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L ? >I ILJI
>? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M sem esquecermos que os primeiros so assim considerados para efeito da aplicao da lei penal castrense, pela Justia Militar federal, e os outros dois, para efeito da aplicao da lei penal castrense,
pela Justia Militar estadualp[495] A H "G L?MOGI JI>?L_;GIM >CT?L
KO? J;L; I ;ONIL I GCFCN;L ?MN;>O;F ] =CPCF ;IM IFBIM >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L #?>?L
;F >; G?MG; @ILG; KO? I GCFCN;L @?>?L;F H[I M? ;@CAOL; ;I =IH=?CNI >? oGCFCN
;Lp J;L; ; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L J?F; 'OMNC\; ;MNL?HM? >IM "MN;>IM
*?G<LIM?>I!CMNLCNI#?>?L;F
'X HI =;MI >? =LCG? GCFCN;L ?HNL? GCFCN;L?M >? @IL\;M ?MN;>O;CM >CM
NCHN;M BX JL?>IGCH;HN? ?HN?H>CG?HNI >? KO? M? N?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L M?H>I ;

=IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >I MOD?CNI ;NCPI >I =LCG? I KO?
@C=IO ?PC>?HN? J?F; 0eGOF; >I 01' KO? >CMJd? o IGJ?N? Y 'OMNC\; *CFCN
;L JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L -IFC=C;F >? ILJIL;\[I "MN;>O;F ;CH>; KO? I >?FCNI

N?HB; MC>I JL;NC=;>I ?G IONL; 2HC>;>? #?>?L;NCP;p CHMN;OL;\[I >? CH
KO]LCNI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L M?LX ?G L;T[I >; ;NLC<OC\[I N?LLCNILC;F ,OM;GIM HI

?HN;HNI MOM=CN;L OG; HIP; PCM[I M?AOH>I ; KO;F ; ;ONIHIGC; >I ?HN? @?>?L
;NCPI ;=CG; G?H=CIH;>; F?P; N;G<]G Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? I GCFCN;L >? OG
"MN;>I >; #?>?L;\[I H[I JI>? M?L CAO;F;>I ;I GCFCN;L >? IONL; 2HC>;>?
#?>?L;NCP;
,ONL; KO?MN[I ; M?L >CLCGC>; L?@?L?

M? ;I assemelhado ?RJL?MMI H;
;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I IGI DX PCGIM HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN >I
-* JIL ;MM?G?FB;>I >?P?
M? ?HN?H>?L o servidor, efetivo ou no, dos
Ministrios da Marinha, do Exrcito ou da Aeronutica, sujeitos disciplina militar por fora de lei ou de regulamento @CAOL; >I ;MM?G?FB;>I NI
>;PC; DX H[I ?RCMN? JILKO;HNI IM L?AOF;G?HNIM >CM=CJFCH;L?M >;M #IL\;M L
G;>;M ?R=?NI I >; #IL\; ]L?; !?= H >? H[I G;CM =IHN?G
JF;G ?MM; @CAOL; MM?HNCGIM =IGI DX =IHMCAH;GIM ;I NL;N;L >; CHN?L
JL?N;\[I ? CHN?AL;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L H; JIMC\[I >? ]FCI )I<[I[496]
J;L; KO?G G?MGI H; #IL\; ]L?; ; =IH>C\[I >? ;MM?G?FB;>I ] G?L;
@C=\[I ?RNCHN; >?M>? ; ?>C\[I >I !?=L?NI H M?H>I CFaAC=; ;
BCJaN?M? >? I=ILL^H=C; >? =LCG? KO? ?HPIFP; ?MM; @CAOL; +;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN
;L?M ? ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M H[I BX ;MM?G?FB;>IM JICM JIL >?@CH
C\[I I ;MM?G?FB;>I M?LC; I @OH=CIHXLCI MOD?CNI Y >CM=CJFCH; GCFCN;L JIL @IL\;

>? F?C IO >? L?AOF;G?HNI I KO? H[I M? P?LC@C=; H; L?;FC>;>? >IM "MN;
>IM[497] ,M M?LPC>IL?M Je<FC=IM GOHC=CJ;CM ? A KO? JL?MN;G M?LPC\IM

DOHNI ;I ILJI >? IG<?CLIM ?G PXLC;M =C>;>?M J;OFCMN;M ;CH>; KO? ?H
P?LAO?G OHC@ILG? JLaJLCI JL?MN?G BIHL;M ? =IHNCH^H=C;M H[I ?MN[I MOD?C
NIMYLCAC>?T>I>CJFIG;>CM=CJFCH;L
,ONLI JIHNI KO? G?L?=? >?MN;KO? >CT L?MJ?CNI ;IM GCFCN;L?M KO?
JL?MN;G M?LPC\I ?G =;LXN?L N?GJILXLCI +I ZG<CNI @?>?L;F H[I M? JI>? H?A
;L M[I ?F?M GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; ?HKO;HNI >OL;L I M?LPC\I N?GJILXLCI =CL=OH
MNZH=C; KO? ?H=IHNL; L?MJ;F>I F?A;F , CH=CMI && >; F?NL; a >I ;LN I >; )?C H
>? >? >?T?G<LI >? "MN;NONI >IM *CFCN;L?M >CMJd? KO? M[I
GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; oIM CH=ILJIL;>IM YM #IL\;M LG;>;M J;L; JL?MN;\[I >? M?L
PC\I GCFCN;L CHC=C;F >OL;HN? IM JL;TIM JL?PCMNIM H; F?ACMF;\[I KO? NL;N; >I

M?LPC\I GCFCN;L IO >OL;HN? ;M JLILLIA;\d?M >;KO?F?M JL;TIMp I KO? F?P; Y

;@CLG;\[I >? KO? G?MGI IM KO? ?MN[I N?GJIL;LC;G?HN? CH=ILJIL;>IM YM
#IL\;M LG;>;M M[I GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; ; ?R?GJFI >I MIF>;>I >I "R]L=CNI ?G
JL?MN;\[I>?M?LPC\IGCFCN;LI<LCA;NaLCI
+I ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F =IHNO>I ; MCNO;\[I ] =IHNLIP?LM; <?G =IGI
BX OG; P;LC;\[I GOCNI AL;H>? H;M F?ACMF;\d?M >;M 2HC>;>?M #?>?L;NCP;M

H?GNI>;MJIMMOCH>I;@CAOL;>?OGGCFCN;LN?GJILXLCI
=LC;\[I >? AL;>O;\[I N?GJILXLC; J;L; ;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M ? IL
JIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M ?H=IHNL; J?LGCMM[I H; )?C @?>?L;F H >?

>? IONO<LI >? KO? ?MN;<?F?=? HILG;M A?L;CM J;L; ; JL?MN;\[I
PIFOHNXLC; >? M?LPC\IM ;>GCHCMNL;NCPIM ? >? M?LPC\IM ;ORCFC;L?M >? M;e>? ? >?
>?@?M; =CPCF H;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M ? HIM ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M >CJ
FIG; KO? >?O ?HM?DI Y ?F;<IL;\[I >;M F?CM ?MN;>O;CM ; ?R?GJFI >; )?C H
>? >? G;L\I >? HI "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI ? >; )?C H >?
>?@?P?L?CLI>? HI"MN;>I>I-;LX
+I ?HN?H>CG?HNI >; @CAOL; >I MIF>;>I N?GJILXLCI HI "MN;>I >? 0[I
-;OFI =IGI N;G<]G DX ?RJOM?GIM ;I NL;N;L >; CHN?LJL?N;\[I ? CHN?AL;\[I >;
F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L ; KO?MN[I JIF?GCTIO
M? <;MN;HN? &HC=C;FG?HN? BIOP? I ?H
N?H>CG?HNI >? KO? I MIF>;>I N?GJILXLCI ?L; GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; ?HKO;HNI >OL
;MM? MO; JL?MN;\[I >? M?LPC\I Y CHMNCNOC\[I 1I>;PC; =IGI ; F?C KO? =LCIO ?MM?
M?LPC\I HI "MN;>I H[I =IH@?LC; <?H?@_=CIM NL;<;FBCMN;M ? JL?PC>?H=CXLCIM
J;MMIO
M? ; KO?MNCIH;L MO; L?;F =;L;=N?LCT;\[I =IGI GCFCN;L =B?A;H>I
M? Y
=IH=FOM[I >? KO? M? NL;N;P; >? =CPCF JIMC\[I GOCNI <?G ;MM?HN;>; H;M J;F;P
L;M >? <?F;L>I 'eFCI >; /I=B; ?G ;LNCAI ?MJ?=_@C=I MI<L? I N?G; HIM
M?AOCHN?MN?LGIM
o"MNX I 0IF>;>I -* 1?GJILXLCI KO? JL?MN; M?LPC\I PIFOHNXLCI H;
-IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI MI< ; ]AC>? >? OG L?ACG? DOL_>C=I ;<
MIFON;G?HN? ?MJ?=C;F KO? JIL CMNI G?MGI H[I FB? =IH@?L? ;M JL?LLIA;NCP;M
JL?PCMN;M ?G F?C ? ;MM?AOL;>;M ;IM GCFCN;L?M >I "MN;>I J?M;L >CMNI J?M;
FB?M HIM IG<LIM ;M I<LCA;\d?M J?=OFC;L?M Y ;NCPC>;>? JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L ?HNL?

?F;M Ma J;L; =CN;L OG ?R?GJFI ; MOD?C\[I ;I /?AOF;G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L >;

ILJIL;\[I
M =;L;=N?L_MNC=;M CHNL_HM?=;M >I M?LPC\I PIFOHNXLCI CGJ?>?G KO?

B;D; KO;FKO?L P_H=OFI ?GJL?A;N_=CI =IG ; >GCHCMNL;\[I I KO? L?@IL\; ;
C>?C; >? KO? ; >?HIGCH;\[I >? 0IF>;>I -* 1?GJILXLCI >;>; J?F; JLaJLC;
)?C "MN;>O;F H[I IONILA; ;I JL?MN;>IL >? M?LPC\I PIFOHNXLCI H;
-IF_=C;*CFCN;LAL;>O;\[I
1L;N;H>I
M? >? =CPCF CH=;<_P?F ?HN[I ; MOD?C\[I >I 0IF>;>I -*
1?GJILXLCI;I a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L ?GKO;FKO?LBCJaN?M?
1;G<]G H?MN? M?HNC>I GIMNL;

M? >? NI>I >?M=;<C>; ; MO<GCMM[I
>I 0IF>;>I -* 3IFOHNXLCI ; -LI=?MMI >? -?L>; >? $L;>O;\[I >? -L;\; H;
'OMNC\;*CFCN;L?MN;>O;Fp[498]
IGI PCMNI H; PCM[I >I CFOMNL? ;LNC=OFCMN; I MIF>;>I N?GJILXLCI ]

OG =CPCF H[I ?MN;H>I MOD?CNI ;I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L HI ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F
PCM[I KO? =IGI DX G?H=CIH;GIM H; ;<IL>;A?G ;=?L=; >; CHN?LJL?N;\[I >;

F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L @IC ;=IFBC>; J?FI 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; HI Habeas
Corpus H 0-
MI< ; L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI LH;F>I
"MN?P?M)CG;D

PCM[I >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L J;OFCMN; L?MM;FN;GIM G;CM
OG; P?T ] HI M?HNC>I >? KO? I MIF>;>I N?GJILXLCI ] GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; I KO?
@C=IO >?GIHMNL;>I ;F]G >I DX G?H=CIH;>I Habeas Corpus H
#?CNI H >; ; O>CNILC; >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L HI /?=OLMI
&HIGCH;>I H #?CNI H >; ; O>CNILC; KO? ?G
>? ;AIMNI >? JILN;HNI DX ;JaM ; PCM[I >I 01' MI< ; L?F;NILC; >I 'OCT
-;OFI -L;T;E >?=C>CO G;CM OG; P?T KO? o, 0IF>;>I 1?GJILXLCI ?HKO;HNI
JL?MN;L M?LPC\I ;ORCFC;L PIFOHNXLCI J;L; ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L ?MN;LX
MOD?CNI YM L?AL;M BC?LXLKOC=;M ? >CM=CJFCH;L?M =IH@?LC>;M ; KO;FKO?L IONLI GC
FC=C;HI >; ;NCP; "KOCJ;L;>I ; GCFCN;L >? =;LL?CL; H; BCJaN?M? >? =IG?NC
G?HNI >? =LCG? GCFCN;L ;MMCG >?@CHC>I ?G F?C ; =IGJ?N^H=C; ?R=FOMCP; >?
JLI=?MM;L?DOFA;LJ?LN?H=?;?MN;'OMNC\; ;MNL?HM?p

N?H>^H=C; ;NO;F HI ?HN;HNI ] ?HN?H>?L KO? ; @CAOL; >I 0IF>;>I

-*1?GJILXLCI]CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;F
#LCM?
M? CHC=C;FG?HN? KO? ; )?C @?>?L;F H MI@L? ;N;KO?
J?F; \[I !CL?N; >? &H=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? H JLIJIMN; J?FI IHM?FBI
#?>?L;F >; ,L>?G >IM >PIA;>IM >I L;MCF J?L;HN? I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F
#?>?L;F N?H>I JIL L?F;NIL I *CHCMNLI ;LFIM LCNNI ;MI M?D; L?=IHB?=C>; ;
CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >; )?C @?>?L;F H;M=?>IOLI >? NI>;M ;KO?F;M ILCOH>;M

>IM "MN;>IM
*?G<LIM CH?KOCPI=;G?HN? IM GCFCN;L?M N?GJILXLCIM J;MM;L[I Y
=IH>C\[I >? H[I GCFCN;L?M H[I =IG?N?H>I >?MM; @ILG; =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M HI
ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F H[I Ma HI KO? M? L?@?L? Y ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >I
-* G;M N;G<]G ?G L?F;\[I ; KO;FKO?L BCJaN?M? >? >?FCNI GCFCN;L #LCM?
M?
KO? JIL NL;N;L
M? >? =IHNLIF? >? =IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? J?F; PC; =IH=?HNL;>; ;
>?=CM[I N?LX ?@?CNI PCH=OF;HN? =IHNL; NI>IM erga omnes ? ?G L?AL; L?N
LI;NCPIM ex tunc G;M JI>? I=ILL?L ; =IH@?L^H=C; >IM ?@?CNIM >; >?=F;L;\[I
>? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? JIL G;CILC; KO;FC@C=;>; >? >ICM N?L\IM >IM G?G
<LIM >I 01# ; J;LNCL >I NLZHMCNI ?G DOFA;>I >; >?=CM[I ex nunc IO >? IONLI
GIG?HNI KO? P?HB; ; M?L @CR;>I CMMI =IG J?LGCMM[I >I ;LN >; )?C H
N?H>I ?G PCMN; L;Td?M >? M?AOL;H\; DOL_>C=; IO >? ?R=?J=CIH;F CH
N?L?MM?MI=C;F
"G<IL; ; KO?MN[I ?MN?D; J?H>?HN? HI 0OJL?GI HI "MN;>I >? 0[I

-;OFI ;J?M;L >; DX ?RJIMN; PCM[I >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ; PCM[I >? I
0IF>;>I -* 1?GJILXLCI M?L L?=IHB?=C>I =IGI GCFCN;L MI@L?O OG >OLI AIFJ?
, wLA[I "MJ?=C;F >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; >? 0[I -;OFI HI &H=C>?HN? >? &H
=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >? )?C H

MOM=CN;>I J?F; ; ZG;L; >?
!CL?CNI -e<FC=I >;KO?F? 1LC<OH;F L?=IHB?=?O CH=C>?HN;FG?HN? ; CH=IHMNCNO
=CIH;FC>;>? H[I Ma >; )?C ?MN;>O;F H =IGI N;G<]G >; )?C @?>
?L;F H DOFA;>I ?G >? ;AIMNI >? MI< L?F;NILC; >I

!?M?G<;LA;>IL *;NBC;M IFNLI3?D;GIM
o-IL @CG I KO? M? P?LC@C=; >;M F?CM ?G KO?MN[I GILG?HN? >; F?C ?M
N;>O;F ] MCGJF?MG?HN? ; <OLF; Y IHMNCNOC\[I =IG ; ;AL?MM[I >? >CL?CNIM MI
=C;CM JILKO;HNI >? PIFOHNXLCIM IM MIF>;>IM >; JIF_=C; GCFCN;L =IHNL;N;>IM

HIM N?LGIM >? N;F F?ACMF;\[I H[I N^G H;>; M?H>I ;J?H;M ? N[I MIG?HN?
temporrios ;FCXM=IGI;JLaJLC;F?CIM=B;G;0>-*N?GJILXLCI
!?MN;LN? L?JON;G
M? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;CM ; )?C #?>?L;F ?
;)?C"MN;>O;F
"G @;=? >I ?RJIMNI =IHB?\I >?MN; ;LAOC\[I J;L; CH=C>?HN;FG?HN?
>?=F;L;L ; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >; )?C #?>?L;F H ? >; )?C

"MN;>O;F H >?N?LGCH;H>I I L?NILHI >IM ;ONIM Y ; ZG;L;
>? !CL?CNI -e<FC=I KO? ;M MOM=CNIO ; @CG >? KO? ;JL?=C? ; =;OM; HIM N?LGIM
>I;LN g I >I/?ACG?HNI&HN?LHI>?MN?1LC<OH;F>?'OMNC\;p
?G P?L>;>? KO? ; >?=CM[I >I " 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; >? 0[I -;OFI
H[I CH=OLMCIHIO J?FI ;MJ?=NI J?H;F GCFCN;L PCMNI KO? I KO?MNCIH;G?HNI M?
FCGCN;P; Y CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >;M F?CM =CN;>;M DX KO? ?G =OLMI H; ; Z
G;L; >? !CL?CNI -e<FC=I JLI=?MMI ?G AL;O L?=OLM;F KO? >CM=ONC; ; H[I =IH
=?MM[I >? <?H?@_=CIM NL;<;FBCMN;M ;IM MIF>;>IM N?GJILXLCIM ; ?R?GJFI >?

I M;FXLCI ? >? @]LC;M 1I>;PC; ; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >; F?C L?MP;F; H; ?M
@?L; J?H;F GCFCN;L GILG?HN? JILKO? OG >IM ;LAOG?HNIM >; >?=CM[I L?JIO
MIO MI<L? G;HC@?MN;\[I >? 'IM] @IHMI >; 0CFP; ?G J;L?=?L JLaJLCI J;L; ;
KO?MN[I =ODIJLCH=CJ;FNL?=BIM?>?MN;=;;<;CRI
o"MJ?=C;FG?HN? ; F?C =LC; OG; ?MJ]=C? >? ;>GCMM[I ;I M?LPC\I
Je<FC=I H[I ;>GCNC>I J?F; IHMNCNOC\[I !? @;NI =IGI M? >?MN;=; H; L?JL?M
?HN;\[I ; F?C =LC; OG; qHIP; =;N?AILC;r >? M?LPC>IL Je<FC=I KO? H[I ?MNX ;<LC
A;>; ?G H?HBOG; >;M BCJaN?M?M >I ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I KO? JL?P^ NL^M
JIMMC<CFC>;>?M >? L?ACG? I ?MN;NONXLCI H?F? =IGJL??H>C>IM IM =;LAIM ?@?N
CPIM ? IM >? FCPL? HIG?;\[I I =?F?NCMN; ? I >IM M?LPC>IL?M ;>GCNC>IM JIL

N?GJI >?N?LGCH;>I J;L; ;N?H>?L ; H?=?MMC>;>? N?GJILXLC; >? ?R=?J=CIH;F
CHN?L?MM? Je<FC=I F]G >?MM;M BCJaN?M?M N?G
M? ; =IHPI=;\[I J;L; I M?LPC\I
GCFCN;L I<LCA;NaLCI H; @ILG; >; F?C # ;LN KO? ?MNX @IL; >? =IACN;\[I
;KOC ?R;N;G?HN? JILKO? ; JL?PCM[I >; F?C ?G =;OM; ] >? ;>GCMM[I >? PIFOH
NXLCIM J;L; M?LPC\IM ;>GCHCMNL;NCPIM ? ;ORCFC;L?M >? M;e>? ? >? >?@?M; =CPCF
H;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M ? ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M " ;KOC BX IONL; CH
=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? KO;F M?D; ; >? L?MNLCHACL ; ;>GCMM[I >? M?LPC>IL?M ; OG

ALOJI >?N?LGCH;>I >? J?MMI;M ?MN;<?F?=?H>I

M? ;_ OG L?KOCMCNI KO? @?L? I
JLCH=_JCI>;CAO;F>;>??>;A?H?L;FC>;>?p
=IFB?H>I ; PCM[I >? 'IM] @IHMI I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; J;OFCMN;

;>OT o,L; =IGI =ILL?N;G?HN? ;FCHB;P;>I J?FI >IONI -LI@?MMIL 'IM]
@IHMI ; F?C ?G KO?MN[I =LCIO OG; HIP; @ILG; >? ;>GCMM[I HI M?LPC\I
Je<FC=I KO? H[I M? ?H=IHNL; ?G =IHMIHZH=C; =IG I JL?PCMNI HI ;LNCAI &
&& ? &5 >;
CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;Fp
IHMNCNOC\[I
>;
/?Je<FC=;
JILN;HNI
L?P?F;
M?
F;LI KO? =IGI JI>?G ;FAOHM I<M?LP;L ; >?=CM[I =IG?HN;>; H[I

N?G ?@?CNI erga omnes JIMNI NL;N;L
M? >? =IHNLIF? CH=C>?HN;F IO M?D; OG
=IHNLIF? >C@OMI >; =IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? HI =;MI =IH=L?NI JIL PC; >? ?R=?\[I
G;M M?OM ?@?CNIM NL;HM=?H>?G MCG I =;MI DOFA;>I JICM ; >?=CM[I @IC JLI@?LC>;
J?FI1LC<OH;F ?H[IJILaLA[IDOLCM>C=CIH;F>?JLCG?CL;CHMNZH=C;
1?HN?GIM?HN?H>?LG?FBILIKO?M?;LAOG?HN;
+IM JL?=CMIM >CT?L?M >? );GGÂI OFIM I =IHNLIF? >? =IHMNCNO=CIH
;FC>;>? JIL PC; >? ?R=?\[I IO >? >?@?M; o>;L

M?
X KO;H>I HI =OLMI >?
KO;FKO?L ;\[I DO>C=C;F OG; >;M J;LN?M JL?N?H>? ;JFC=;L OG; F?C ? ; IONL;
J;LN? >?@?H>?
M? >?MM; JL?N?HM[I ;F?A;H>I ; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >; ;FO
>C>; F?Cp[499] -LIMM?AO? ;@CLG;H>I KO? ] oH?MM; BIL; KO? MOLA? I =IHNLIF?
>C@OMI L?;FCT;>I JIL NI>I ? KO;FKO?L DOCT IO NLC<OH;F JL?=CM;G?HN? J;L; L?
MIFP?L ; KO?MN[I JL]PC; KO;F M?D; ; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >; HILG;p[500]

"G ;LL?G;N? ?RJd? KO? ; oJLIHeH=C; >I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI HI =IHNLIF? >C
@OMI H[I M? L?JILN; ;I G]LCNI >; =;OM; M?HN?H\; JLI@?LC>; HI =;MI =IH
=L?NI ] J;L; L?MIFP?L ; KO?MN[I JL]PC; >? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? H[I I FCN_ACI

JLCH=CJ;F "MN? eFNCGI Ma M?LX L?MIFPC>I >?JICM KO? I CH=C>?HN? NCP?L MC>I M;H
;>Ip [501]
,ONLI JIHNI ; M?L >?MN;=;>I ] I >? KO? I =IHNLIF? >C@OMI >; =IH
MNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? J?FIM NLC<OH;CM =IGI @IC I =;MI ?G ?MNO>I Ma JI>? I=ILL?L

J?FI PINI >; maioria absoluta >? M?OM G?G<LIM IO M? I =;MI J?F; G;CILC;
>IM G?G<LIM >? M?O aLA[I ?MJ?=C;F V I KO? M? >?HIGCH; =FXOMOF; >? reserva
de plenrio KO? ?MNX >? @ILG; <?G =F;L; >?@CHC>; HI ;LN >;
# H;

M?AOCHN? =IH@ILGC>;>? o0IG?HN? J?FI PINI >; G;CILC; ;<MIFON; >? M?OM
G?G<LIM IO >IM G?G<LIM >I L?MJ?=NCPI aLA[I ?MJ?=C;F JI>?L[I IM NLC<OH;CM
>?=F;L;L ; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >? F?C IO ;NI HILG;NCPI >I -I>?L -e<FC=Ip
+I =;MI ?G ;HXFCM? ; ; ZG;L; >? !CL?CNI -e<FC=I >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\;
>? 0[I -;OFI ;I L?=?<?L ; KO?MN[I J;L; DOFA;G?HNI ?G AL;O L?=OLM;F ? ;I M?
>?J;L;L =IG OG; MOM=CN;\[I >? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >; HILG; L?CNIL; @IC
I<LCA;>; ; ;F\;L ; KO?MN[I J;L; I wLA[I "MJ?=C;F >I G?MGI 1LC<OH;F KO?
?HN[I JLI@?LCO MO; >?=CM[I MIG?HN? HI KO? =IH=?LH? Y CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>?
>;MF?CM?GKO?MN[I
,=ILL? KO? ; >?=CM[I >I wLA[I "MJ?=C;F ?G<IL; MOLN; ?@?CNI J;L; ;M
J;LN?M CG?>C;N;G?HN? M?LX I<M?LP;>; ?G IONLIM KO?MNCIH;G?HNIM ;=?L=; >;
G?MG; F?C F;LI KO? J?F; FCN?L;FC>;>? >I ;LN >; # NI>; >?=F;L;\[I >?
CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? J?FI 1LC<OH;F ;CH>; KO? ?G MCNO;\d?M C>^HNC=;M ;I
;=aL>[I ;HN?LCIL >?P?LC; M?L JLI@?LC>; J?FI wLA[I "MJ?=C;F G;M ?MM; CHN?L
JL?N;\[I N?G MC>I GCNCA;>; >? MILN? KO? ?MN; JLCG?CL; >?=CM[I CGJILN;LX HI
L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >;M F?CM ;N;=;>;M ?G HIPIM =;MIM
KO? JIMM;G MOLACL M?G ; H?=?MMC>;>? >? HIPI JLIHOH=C;G?HNI >I wLA[I
"MJ?=C;F
+?MM?M?HNC>I ;MFC\d?M>?-?>LI)?HT;
o L?AL; >I ;LN >?MN;=;

M? =IGI P?L>;>?CL; =IH>C\[I >? ?@C=X=C;
DOL_>C=; >; JLaJLC; >?=F;L;\[I >? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >IM ;NIM >I -I>?L
-e<FC=I+?MM?M?HNC>I >?MN;=;GIM;0eGOF;3CH=OF;HN?H 01#
q3CIF; ; =FXOMOF; >? L?M?LP; >? JF?HXLCI # ;LNCAI ; >?=CM[I >?
aLA[I @L;=CIHXLCI >? NLC<OH;F KO? ?G<IL; H[I >?=F;L? ?RJL?MM;G?HN? ; CH
=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >? F?C IO ;NI HILG;NCPI >I JI>?L Je<FC=I ;@;MN; MO; CH
=C>^H=C; HINI>IIO?GJ;LN?r
+I ?HN;HNI ?H;FN?=?H>I I JLCH=_JCI >; ?=IHIGC; JLI=?MMO;F >; M?
AOL;H\; DOL_>C=; ? H; <OM=; >; >?M?D;>; L;=CIH;FCT;\[I ILAZHC=; >; CHMNCNO
C\[I DO>C=CXLC; <L;MCF?CL; P?G

M? J?L=?<?H>I ; CH=FCH;\[I J;L; ; >CMJ?HM; >I
JLI=?>CG?HNI >I ;LN NI>; P?T KO? DX B;D; >?=CM[I >I aLA[I ?MJ?=C;F IO
JF?HI>INLC<OH;F IO>I01# IAO;L>C[I>; IHMNCNOC\[IMI<L?;G;N]LC;

!? ;=IL>I =IG I *CHCMNLI &FG;L $;FP[I q>?=F;L;>; ; =IHMNCNO=CIH
;FC>;>? IO CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >? >?N?LGCH;>; F?C J?F; G;CILC; ;<MIFON;

>IM G?G<LIM >? =?LNI 1LC<OH;F MI;LC; =IGI P?L>;>?CLI >?MJLIJaMCNI HIN;
>;G?HN? HIM N?GJIM ;NO;CM KO;H>I M? P?LC@C=; >? G;H?CL; CHOMCN;>; ; L?
J?N^H=C; >?MG?MOL;>; >? =;OM;M P?LM;HN?M >; G?MG; KO?MN[I DOL_>C=; PCH
=OF;>;M Y CHN?LJL?N;\[I >; G?MG; HILG; KO? M? ?RCACMM? ?G =;>; L?=OLMI

;JL?=C;>I ; L?HIP;\[I >; CHMNZH=C; CH=C>?HN;F >; ;LAOC\[I >? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH
;FC>;>? F?P;H>I ;M M?MMd?M >; ILN? ; OG; GIHaNIH; ? CHN?LGCHXP?F L?
J?NC\[I>?DOFA;>IM>;G?MG;H;NOL?T;r/"
-/
"MM; N?H>^H=C; @IC =IH@CLG;>; J?F; )?C H >? KO?
;=L?M=?HN;H>I OG J;LXAL;@I eHC=I ;I ;LN >I - ?MN;<?F?=?O qIM aL
A[IM @L;=CIHXLCIM >IM NLC<OH;CM ?HN?H>;

M? ZG;L;M $LOJIM 1OLG;M IO
0?\d?M H[I MO<G?N?L[I ;I JF?HXLCI IO ;I aLA[I ?MJ?=C;F ; ;LAOC\[I >? CH
=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? KO;H>I DX BIOP?L JLIHOH=C;G?HNI >?MN?M IO >I

JF?HXLCI >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F MI<L? ; KO?MN[Ir JI>?H>I CH=FOMCP?
L?@?LC>; ;\[I M?L >? JF;HI ;JL?=C;>; =IHB?=C>; ? DOFA;>; J?FI L?F;NIL H;
L?>;\[I >;>; ;I ;LN ? ;=L]M=CGI >? OG g I
;I - J?FI G?MGI >CM
JIMCNCPIF?A;Fp[502]
IGI ?@?CNI DX CH>C=;GIM ; >?=F;L;\[I CH=C>?HN;F >? =IHMNCNO=CIH
;FC>;>? A?L; ?@?CNI ?HNL? ;M J;LN?M inter pars ? L?NLI;NCPIM ex tunc MCAHC
@C=;H>I >CT?L KO? ; >?=F;L;\[I >? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? J;L; ;M J;LN?M

JLI>OT ?@?CNIM JL?N]LCNIM o;NCHACH>I ; F?C >?M>? MO; ?>C\[I NILH;H>I
; HOF;
>?JF?HI>CL?CNIp[503]
'X ?G L?F;\[I ; N?L=?CLIM M? ; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? CH=C>?HN;F @IL

L?=IHB?=C>; J?FI 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN >I M?O
/?ACG?HNI &HN?LHI ? >I ;LN 5 >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F I -L?NaLCI "R=?F
MI =IGOHC=;LX ; >?=F;L;\[I ;I 0?H;>I #?>?L;F J;L; KO? MOMJ?H>; ; ?R
?=O\[I HI NI>I IO ?G J;LN? >; F?C >?=F;L;>; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;F JIL >?=CM[I

>?@CHCNCP;
+I JF;HI ?MN;>O;F >?@?H>?

M? KO? ?G HIG? >? OG J;L;F?FCMGI ]
JIMM_P?F B;P?L =IG;H>I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F HI M?HNC>I >? KO? I 1LC<OH;F >?

'OMNC\; =IGOHCKO? Y MM?G<F?C; )?ACMF;NCP; ; >?=F;L;\[I >? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH
;FC>;>? J;L; KO? JIMM; M?L MOMJ?HM; ; ?R?=O\[I >; F?C ?MN;>O;F[504]
OLCIMI HIN;L KO? ; IHMNCNOC\[I >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI ;I NL;N;L >I
1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; JL?PC; >CMJIMCNCPI =IG ?MM; JIMMC<CFC>;>? HI ?HN;HNI I
;FI=;P; HI g I >I ;LN [505] KO? NL;N; >; >?=F;L;\[I >? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH
;FC>;>? JIL PC; =IH=?HNL;>; -IL ?MM; L;T[I I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F ?H
N?H>?O I >CMJIMCNCPI CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;F DX KO? I =IHNLIF? =IH=?HNL;>I >? =IH
MNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? JL?M=CH>? >?MM; =IGOHC=;\[I =IH@ILG? ;=aL>[I JLI@?LC>I

HI /?=OLMI "RNL;IL>CHXLCI H 0- DOFA;>I ?G >? G;CI >?
MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI *;L=I OL]FCI[506] +I ?HN;HNI G;FAL;>I ; CH
=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >I g I >I ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I >I "MN;>I >? 0[I
-;OFI ] JIMM_P?F MOMN?HN;L >? @;NI =IHMNLO\[I M?G?FB;HN? ;I JF;HI @?>?L;F
PCMNI KO? BX JL?PCM[I ?RJL?MM; HI CH=CMI 5&&& >I ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I
"MN;>O;F >? KO? =IGJ?N? ?R=FOMCP;G?HN? Y MM?G<F?C; )?ACMF;NCP; MOMJ?H>
?L HI NI>I IO ?G J;LN? ; ?R?=O\[I >? F?C IO ;NI HILG;NCPI >?=F;L;>I CH=IH
MNCNO=CIH;F?G>?=CM[ICLL?=ILL_P?F>I1LC<OH;F>?'OMNC\;
!;M FC\d?M ;=CG; ?RJIMN;M ;=?L=; >I =IHNLIF? >C@OMI >; =IHMNCNO
=CIH;FC>;>? NL;T?H>I IM JIMNOF;>IM N?aLC=IM ;I =;MI =IH=L?NI >? 0[I -;OFI

JI>?GIM =IH=FOCL KO? ?G<IL; I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; ?MNCP?MM? >C;HN? >? OG;
KO?MN[I ;NCH?HN? ; >CL?CNIM MI=C;CM JL?PCMNIM H; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F ; >?
=CM[I >;KO?F; ILN? J;MMIO ;I F;LAI >; ;JL?=C;\[I >I J?>C>I ? MCG L?@?LCO
M?
Y CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >; F?C KO? H?A;P; N;CM >CL?CNIM =IH=?MM[I IO H[I
>IM <?H?@_=CIM NL;<;FBCMN;M @C=IO ; =;LAI >; ; ZG;L; >? !CL?CNI -e<FC=I
KO? J;L; MO; >?=CM[I NIG;LX JIL <;M? ; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >; F?C >?
=F;L;>; J?FI wLA[I "MJ?=C;F *;CM ;CH>; =IGI ; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? CH=C>
?HN;F @IC >?=F;L;>; J?FI wLA[I "MJ?=C;F ?G I<M?LPZH=C; Y =FXOMOF; >? L?M?LP;
>? JF?HXLCI NI>;M ;M >?G;CM J?H>?HA;M KO? JIMM;G @ONOL;G?HN? MOLACL M?
L?MIFP?L[I NIG;H>I JIL <;M? ; >?=CM[I >I wLA[I "MJ?=C;F ;CH>; KO? H[I
N?HB; ?F; ?@?CNI erga omnes F]G >CMMI JI>?LX I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; >? 0[I
-;OFI =IGOHC=;L ; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? Y MM?G<F?C; )?ACMF;NCP; KO?
JI>?LXMOMJ?H>?L HINI>IIO?GJ;LN? ;?R?=O\[I>;)?C?MN;>O;F

-I>?G ;FAOHM KO?MNCIH;L M? ?MM; =IHMNLO\[I ;@?N; ; OG =;MI KO?

KO?MNCIH;P; >CL?CNIM MI=C;CM JI>? CHN?L@?LCL H; =IH=?J\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F
*CFCN;L OG; P?T KO? I aLA[I >? M?AOH>I AL;O =IGJ?N?HN? J;L; ;JL?=C;L ?MM;
=IH=?J\[I M?LC; I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I KO? =IGI PCGIM
=IHMC>?L;I0IF>;>I-*1?GJILXLCIGCFCN;L>;;NCP;
,L; H[I HIM J;L?=? ;>?KO;>I KO? ?G OG G?MGI "MN;>I OG; =;N
?AILC; M?D; ?HN?H>C>; >? >O;M @ILG;M >CMNCHN;M "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M J;L; I
1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L I 0IF>;>I N?GJILXLCI ] GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; JILN;HNI
MOD?CNI Y MO; DOLCM>C\[I H; JLXNC=; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L ?HKO;HNI J;L; I 1LC<OH;F
>? 'OMNC\; >I G?MGI "MN;>I ;M F?CM KO? ?HM?D;L;G ; =IHNL;N;\[I >I 0IF>;>I
1?GJILXLCI M[I CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;CM I KO? CGJd? ; =IHMC>?L;\[I >; CLL?AOF;L
C>;>? >; =IHNL;N;\[I NL;HM@ILG;H>I

I ?G H[I GCFCN;L JILN;HNI H[I MOM
=?N_P?F >; JLXNC=; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L >? MILN? KO? M?OM ;NIM CF_=CNIM =IH@CAOL;LC
;G =LCG?M =IGOHM "MM; >CMNCH\[I HIN?

M? JI>?LC; F?P;L ; OG =IH@FCNI JIM
CNCPI >? =IGJ?N^H=C; KO? M?LC; MIFO=CIH;>I J?FI 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >?
'OMNC\; HIM N?LGIM >; ;F_H?; d >I CH=CMI & >I ;LN >; # >?P?H>I
M? ;F?L
N;L KO? ?MN? 1LC<OH;F 0OJ?LCIL DX M? JLIHOH=CIO ;=?L=; >; KO?MN[I HI G?H
=CIH;>I Habeas Corpus H 0-

MI< ; L?F;NILC; >I
*CHCMNLI LH;F>I "MN?P?M )CG; D

>I KO;F J?>?
M? P^HC; J;L;
G;CMOG;P?T NL;HM=L?P?L;?G?HN;
o-/, "002)
-"+)
*&)&1/
HABEAS
CORPUS.
,*-"1t+ & 0"/3&U, 25&)&/ 3,)2+1u/&, 0,)!!, -*
1"*-,/u/&, -,)v & *&)&1/ !, "01!, !" 0k, -2), )"&

#"!"/) " )"& "01!2) '201&U "01!2)
*&)&1/ &+ ,*-"1t+ & 0y*2) 01' -/" "!"+1" !, 01#
,/!"* ,+ "!&!
I =IHNLXLCI >I KO? MO=?>? =IG ; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >; 2HC[I =ODI
ZG<CNI >? CH=C>^H=C; JIL ?RJL?MM; JL?PCM[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F m ;LN caput,
>; # ;<L;HA? N;G<]G IM =CPCM ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L
"MN;>O;F;<L;HA?;J?H;MIMJIFC=C;CM?IM<IG<?CLIMGCFCN;L?M

0I<L? ; KO?MN[I ; 1?L=?CL; 0?\[I >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\;

?>CNIO I "HOH=C;>I 0OGOF;L >I M?AOCHN? N?IL q IGJ?N? Y 'OMNC\; IGOG
"MN;>O;F JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L =CPCF ;=OM;>I >? JLXNC=; >? =LCG? =IHNL; CHMNCNO
C\d?MGCFCN;L?M?MN;>O;CMr
)?C #?>?L;F >? JIMMC<CFCNIO ;IM "MN;>IM ? ;I
!CMNLCNI #?>?L;F ; CHMNCNOC\[I >; qJL?MN;\[I PIFOHNXLC; >? M?LPC\IM ;>GCHCM
NL;NCPIM ? >? M?LPC\IM ;ORCFC;L?M >? M;e>? ? >? >?@?M; =CPCF H;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN
;L?M ? HIM ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?Mr M?H>I I 0?LPC\I ORCFC;L 3IFOH
NXLCI CHMNCNO_>I J?F; )?C >? HI ZG<CNI >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I
"MN;>I>?0[I-;OFI
, 0IF>;>I -* N?GJILXLCI HIM N?LGIM >; F?ACMF;\[I >I "MN;>I >?

0[I -;OFI JL?MN; M?LPC\IM ;>GCHCMNL;NCPIM ? ;ORCFC;L?M >? M;e>? ? >? >?@?M;
=CPCF no sendo, portanto, policial militar, mas civil >? GI>I KO? H[I JI>?
M?LJLI=?MM;>I?DOFA;>IJ?F;'OMNC\;*CFCN;L"MN;>O;F
Habeas corpus =IH=?>C>I J;L; ;HOF;L I -LI=?MMI >;
; O>CNILC; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI >?M>? I L?=?<CG?HNI
>; >?HeH=C; CH=FOMCP? ?RJ?>CH>I
M? ;FP;LX >? MIFNOL; ?G M?O @;PIL M? JIL
IONLIGINCPIH[I?MNCP?LJL?MIp
-IL NO>I I KO? M? ;>OTCO ?HN?H>?GIM =IGI =I?L?HN? ; PCM[I >? KO?
I 0IF>;>I 1?GJILXLCI >? 0[I -;OFI >?P; M?L =IGJL??H>C>I =IGI OG H[I
GCFCN;L H[I JI>?H>I MI< ?MM; aNC=; JL;NC=;L =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M >?P?H>I MO;
=IH>ON;M?L;P;FC;>;YFOT>I a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG
+IM >?G;CM "MN;>IM >; #?>?L;\[I KO? JIMMO?G ; @CAOL; >I N?G
JILXLCI =IG ;LLCGI H; )?C @?>?L;F H ] @OH>;G?HN;F I ;=IG
J;HB;G?HNI >; =CN;>; !&H =OD; >?=F;L;\[I >? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>?

JIL PC; =IH=?HNL;>; M? I=ILL?L F?P;LX ;I G?MGI =?HXLCI BID? P?LC@C=;>I HI
"MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI =IH=FOCH>I
M? KO? I N?GJILXLCI H[I JI>? M?L MOD?CNI
;NCPI >? =LCG? GCFCN;L JILKO;HNI M?O JLIPCG?HNI HI =;LAI ]
CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;F

*;CM OG JIHNI >? L?F?P;HN? >CM=OMM[I ;=?L=; >; ;F_H?; ?G ?MNO>I

?MNX H; H?=?MMC>;>? IO H[I >? KO? I ;A?HN? =IHB?\; ; =IH>C\[I >? GCFCN;L >;
P_NCG; J;L; KO? I =LCN]LCI ratione personae IO ratione materiae =IGI JL?@
?L?G ;FAOHM M?D; L?=IHB?=C>I IGI DX ;@CLG;GIM ;I ?MNO>;L I ?F?G?HNI

MO<D?NCPI >I NCJI J?H;F GCFCN;L =IGCMMCPI >IFIMI m J;L; IH>? L?G?N?GIM I
F?CNIL m ; ?R=FOM[I NL;TC>; ?RJL?MM;G?HN? J?FI CH=CMI & >I ;LN >I -* m
H; P?L>;>? H; F?NL; >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L ?MN;LC; ;@;MN;>; ; JLaJLC; NCJC=C>;>?
I<D?NCP; o>?CR;G >? M?L ?F?G?HNIM =IHMNCNONCPIM >I =LCG?p G;M JL?@?LCGIM
?HN?H>?L KO? BX ; ;@?N;\[I >I >IFI m H[I JI>? M?L L?MNLCN; ;IM =;MIM >? MO
J?LCILC>;>? ? CH@?LCILC>;>? BC?LXLKOC=; IO @OH=CIH;F JILKO;HNI ; ?MNLONOL;

>I >IFI ;JL?M?HN;>; M?LC; CH=I?L?HN? MMCG ?G<IL; =IHNL;LC;H>I ; PCM[I
>IGCH;HN? ?HN?H>?GIM KO? ?G M? NL;N;H>I >? =LCG? >IFIMI ] CGJL?
M=CH>_P?F I =IHB?=CG?HNI >; =IH>C\[I >I MOD?CNI J;MMCPI >? GCFCN;L ?G MCNO
;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? J?FI MOD?CNI ;NCPI J;L; KO? M? =IH@CAOL? ; BCJaN?M? >; ;F_H?;
a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >I -* +; ;JFC=;\[I JLXNC=; >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN
;LDX]JIMM_P?F?H=IHNL;LJIMC=CIH;G?HNIMH?MM?M?HNC>I
+IM ;ONIM >I &HKO]LCNI -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L H -LINI=IFI H
!!' IH>? OG =;I "R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI @IC ;=OM;>I >? ;AL?>CL OG
MIF>;>I >; G?MG; #IL\; M?G =IHB?=?L ; =IH>C\[I >? GCFCN;L I /?JL?M?HN
;HN? >I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I KO? @OH=CIHIO HIM ;ONIM I =;LI 'ILA? ]M;L >?
MMCM JLIGIP?O I ;LKOCP;G?HNI >I =;J?;>I J?L;HN? I DO_TI >; ; O>CNILC;
>; ; '* =IG;M?AOCHN?=IHMNLO\[I
o OC>; ;KOC I a>CAI >I =LCN]LCI ratione personae IO M?D; J;L;
=IH@CAOL;L
M? ; I=ILL^H=C; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L H?MM; BCJaN?M? <;MN; KO? I @;NI
M?D; JL;NC=;>I JIL GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IHNL; GCFCN;L H; G?MG; MCNO;\[I CH>?
J?H>?HN? >; =IHDOA;\[I >? IONLIM =LCN]LCIM P A I ratione loci KO? ?RCA?
KO?I@;NII=ILL;?GFOA;LMI<;>GCHCMNL;\[IGCFCN;L
-ICM <?G KO? IM >ICM CH>C=C;>IM M[I GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; I@?HMIL ?
I@?H>C>IH[IL?MN;KO;FKO?L>ePC>;
1I>;PC; I @;NI >? KO? ;HN?LCILG?HN? Y <LCA; >?M=IHB?=C;G =;>;

OG ;=IH>C\[I>?GCFCN;L>IIONLI G?J;L?=? >?MH;NOL;I=LCG?GCFCN;L

,L; M?H>I ; >CM=CJFCH; ; PCA; G?MNL; >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M ;I L?J
LCGCL ; I=ILL^H=C; >I =LCG? GCFCN;L I -* L?MAO;L>; JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? N;CM

P;FIL?MN[I?MM?H=C;CMYPC>;GCFCN;L
0? IM =IHN?H>IL?M H[I =IHB?=?G ; MCNO;\[I GCFCN;L OG >I IONLI
H[I M? NL;N; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L G;M MCG >? =LCG? =IGOG ; M?L DOFA;>I J?FI
'OCT;>I "MJ?=C;F LCGCH;F J;L; I KO;F ;FCXM DX @IC ?H=;GCHB;>I I JLI=?>C
G?HNI CHMN;OL;>I J;L;F?F;G?HN? H; -IF_=C;

p
CPCF ? KO? M? P^ >;M @FM
"G @;=? >; >CM=IL>ZH=C; >I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI IM ;ONIM @IL;G ;F\;
>IM Y ?HN[I -LI=OL;>IL;

$?L;F >I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I *CFCN;L !L; *;LC;
"MN?L %?HLCKO?M 1;P;L?M KO? =IHNL;LC;H>I J;L?=?L >; ZG;L; >? IIL>?
H;\[I?/?PCM[I >?=C>CO
o!CM=IL>I >I JIMC=CIH;G?HNI >; ?AL]AC;
/*-* N?M? ?M
JIM;>; H; JLIGI\[I GCHCMN?LC;F G?L?=? JLIMJ?L;L @CR;\[I >; =IGJ?N^H=C;

>; DOMNC\; =;MNL?HM? J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L IM @;NIM H[I >?P? FCGCN;L
M?
;J?H;M ;I =LCN]LCI ratione legis. +[I I<MN;HN? ; I=ILL^H=C; >I =LCG? J?LJ?N
L;>I JIL GCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? =IHNL; GCFCN;L H; G?MG; MCNO;\[I
BX KO? M? ;GJFC;L ; =IH=?CNO;\[I J;L; ; >?@CHC\[I >I =LCG? GCFCN;L +I
JL?M?HN? =;MI IM GCFCN;L?M >?M=IHB?=C;G ; =IH>C\[I >? CHN?AL;HN? >;M
#IL\;M LG;>;M OG >I IONLI =IH@ILG? >?=F;L;\[I JL?MN;>; @FM ? @FM
,M P;FIL?M ?MM?H=C;CM Y G;HN?H\; >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M =;MNL?HM?M J?LG;H?
=?L;G CH=aFOG?M KO;CM M?D;G ; BC?L;LKOC; ? ; >CM=CJFCH; "G H?HBOG GI
G?HNI I KO;>LI @XNC=I AO;L>IO =ILL?F;\[I =IG IM <?HM ? CHN?L?MM?M >I ;L
=;<IO\IDOL_>C=IGCFCN;L

JL?M?HN? CHP?MNCA;\[I L?P?F; KO? I @;NI ?MNX M?H>I JLI=?MM;>I H;

?M@?L; >? =IGJ?N^H=C; ? ;NLC<OC\[I >; 'OMNC\; IGOG "MN;>O;F =IHMI;HN? M?
P^YM@FM
!?MN;LN? >?N?LGCHII;LKOCP;G?HNI>IMJL?M?HN?M;ONIMp

"MJ?L;GIM KO? ?MN; PCM[I JLIMJ?L? ? KO? JIMM; @;T?L ?=I ?G IONLIM
=;MIM CH=FOMCP?H;M'OMNC\;M*CFCN;L?M"MN;>O;CM
>CM=OMM[I >?MM; KO?MN[I DX =B?AIO ;I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F

>?=C>CH>I
M? ?G @;PIL >; H?=?MMC>;>? >? =IHB?=CG?HNI >; =IH>C\[I >? GCFCN
;L>IMOD?CNIJ;MMCPIJ;L;IL?=IHB?=CG?HNI>I=LCG?GCFCN;L inter milites
+I Habeas Corpus

/' MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI )OCT #OR
DOFA;>I ?G >? G;CI >? ; -LCG?CL; 1OLG; >I -L?NaLCI "R=?FMI
>?=C>CO
o-"+) *&)&1/ HABEAS CORPUS
/&*" &*-/w-&,
)"0k, ,/-,/) $/3" -* /1 g I /&*" -/1& !,

-,/ *&)&1/
,+1/ *&)&1/ "*
,+1"51, EM QUE OS
ENVOLVIDOS NO CONHECIAM A SITUAO FUNCIONAL DE CADA
QUAL, NO ESTAVAM UNIFORMIZADOS E DIRIGIAM CARROS
DESCARACTERIZADOS. HIPTESE QUE NO SE ENQUADRA NA
COMPETNCIA DA JUSTIA MILITAR DEFINIDA NO ARTIGO 9 o ,
INCISO II, ALNEA A DO CDIGO PENAL MILITAR =IGJ?N^H=C; >;
'OMNC\; *CFCN;L JIMNI ?R=?J=CIH;F H[I JI>? M?L @CR;>; ;J?H;M =IG Y FOT >I
=LCN]LCI MO<D?NCPI @;T?H>I
M? GCMN?L ; L?OHC[I >? IONLIM ?F?G?HNIM KO? DOMNC
@CKO?G ; MO<GCMM[I >I =;MI =IH=L?NI Y DOLCM>C\[I =;MNL?HM? JLCH=CJ;FG?HN?

; ;HXFCM? ?HPIFP?H>I ; F?M[I IO H[I >I <?G IO M?LPC\I GCFCN;L DOLC>C=;
G?HN? NON?F;>I In casu OG; >CM=OMM[I >? NLZHMCNI ?PIFOCO J;L; F?M[I =IL
JIL;F sem que os envolvidos tivessem conhecimento da situao funcional

de cada qual ;F]G >? H[I M? ?H=IHNL;L?G OHC@ILGCT;>IM ? >CLCACL?G M?OM
=;LLIM >?M=;L;=N?LCT;>IM A Justia Castrense no competente ; JLCILC
para julgar crimes de militares, mas crimes militares -L?=?>?HN?M /%
*$ /?F;NIL I *CHCMNLI *;L=I OL]FCI -LCG?CL; 1OLG; DJe >?

? /0 /?F;NIL I *CHCMNLI ?FMI >? *?FFI 0?AOH>; 1OLG;
DJ >?

,L>?G =IH=?>C>; J;L; >?=F;L;L ; CH=IGJ?N^H=C; >;
'OMNC\;*CFCN;Lp
#CH;FG?HN? OG; eFNCG; ;<IL>;A?G L?F?P;HN? ?MNX H; ;JFC=;\[I IO
H[I >; )?C H >? >? ;AIMNI >? o)?C *;LC; >; -?HB;p H;

;AL?MM[I JL;NC=;>; J?FI G;LC>I =IHNL; ; ?MJIM; ;G<IM GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP;
JL?N?HM;G?HN? ?HKO;>L;>I H; ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I %X NL^M
JIMC\d?M;=?L=;>IN?G;
"G JLCG?CLI JF;HI BX IM KO? >?@?H>?G KO? ; o)?C *;LC; >; -?HB;p
H[I ?H=IHNL; ;JFC=;<CFC>;>? H; ;AL?MM[I =IHNL; ; GOFB?L JL;NC=;>; HI ZG
<CNI =IHDOA;F JILKO;HNI B;P?LX ; =IH@CAOL;\[I >? =LCG? GCFCN;L H[I M?H>I
JIMM_P?F ; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C ?MJ?=_@C=; KO? H?G M?KO?L @;T G?H\[I ;I a>CAI
-?H;F *CFCN;L , ;LAOG?HNI >?MM; =ILL?HN? ] GOCNI @ILN? JILKO;HNI =IG
?@?CNI IM >CMJIMCNCPIM >; o)?C *;LC; >; -?HB;p KO? ;FN?L;L;G IONLIM
>CJFIG;M L?MNLCHACL;G
M? Y F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG MO<MN;HNCP; ? ;>D?NCP;
; ?R?GJFI >I KO? >CMJd? I ;LN >; L?@?LC>; )?C KO? ;FN?LIO ;J?H;M I ;LN
>I a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG M?GG?H=CIH;LI;LN >I -*
,ONL; =IHMNLO\[I ?HN?H>? KO? ; o)?C *;LC; >; -?HB;p JIL M?L ?MJ?
=C;F >?P? JL?P;F?=?L MI<L? I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L I KO? F?P;LC; ; OG;
>?MH;NOL;\[I >; =IH>ON; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L J;L; =LCG? =IGOG CH=FOMCP? NI
G;H>I JIL @I=I I <?G DOL_>C=I J?H;F

GCFCN;L +?MM? M?HNC>I JIL NI>IM ;M
M?P?L;*OLCFI0;FF?M
o ;LN; *;AH; L?=?J=CIHIO I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ? I a>CAI >?

-LI=?MMI -?H;F *CFCN;L >;H>I
FB?M LIOJ;A?G >? F?A;FC>;>? =IC<CH>I IM
;<OMIM =IHNC>IM KO;H>I >? MO;M >?=L?N;\d?M >;H>I ;I GCFCN;L >CL?CNIM KO?
H[I >?NCHB; H; JF?HCNO>? "H;FN?=?H>I ; >?GI=L;=C; I MX<CI 'IM] @IHMI >;
0CFP; ?HMCH; q.O;HNI G;CM I JLI=?MMI >? >?GI=L;NCT;\[I ;P;H\; G;CM I

BIG?G M? P;C FC<?LN;H>I >IM I<MNX=OFIM KO? I =IHMNL;HA?G G;CM FC<?L>;>?
=IHKOCMN;r0&)3
0?AOCH>I I ;P;H\I >?GI=LXNC=I I GCFCN;L ;>KOCLCO G;CM FC<?L>;>?
>C;HN? >I L_AC>I IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I GCFCN;L m N;F LCAC>?T @;T

M? H?=?MMXLC;
;J?H;M J;L; G;HN?L ; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M @IL\;M GCFCN;L?M G;M >?MH?=?MMXLC;
H; CHNCGC>;>? ? H; PC>; JLCP;>; >I GCFCN;L ;MI I GCFCN;L >?ML?MJ?CN? ?MM;
FC<?L>;>? ? P?HB; ; =IG?N?L PCIF^H=C; >IG]MNC=; =IHNL; MO; =IGJ;HB?CL;
N;G<]G GCFCN;L ? ?MN; L?KO?L?L CHN?LP?H\[I ?MN;N;F >?P?LX ?HN[I M?L ;J
FC=;>; ; )?C *;LC; >; -?HB; M?H>I I =;MI JLI=?MM;>I ? DOFA;>I J?F; 'OMNC\;

=IGOG KO? ;F]G >? JOHC\[I JLIJIL=CIH; IONL;M L?MNLC\d?M ;I ;AL?MMIL

<?G =IGI A;L;HN? Y GOFB?L GCFCN;L P_NCG; ? ; M?OM @;GCFC;L?M OG =IHDOHNI
>? ;N?H>CG?HNIM ? G?>C>;M JLIN?NCP;M CH>CMJ?HMXP?CM J;L; =IC<CL ; PCIF^H=C;
>IG]MNC=;
PCIF^H=C; >IG]MNC=; ?HPIFP?H>I =;M;F >? GCFCN;L?M >?P? M?L JLI
=?MM;>; ? DOFA;>; J?F; 'OMNC\; =IGOG =IH@ILG? ; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F ? ;
)?C *;LC; >; -?HB; DX KO? ;NCHA? ; L?AOF;LC>;>? >; CHMNCNOC\[I @;GCFC;L m
KO? N?G =IGI <;M? IM M?HNCG?HNIM ? IM ;NIM G;CM _HNCGIM >I M?L BOG;HI
N;CM =IGI I ;GIL I =;LCHBI ? I M?RI 'X ; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >?N]G I GCMN?L =IH
MNCNO=CIH;F >? JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M IO M?D; ;KO?F?M KO?

;@LIHN;G ; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M m KO? N?G =IGI <;M? ;
BC?L;LKOC; ? ; >CM=CJFCH; 1?GIM N;G<]G >? =IHMC>?L;L KO? H; L?F;\[I _HNCG;
>IM GCFCN;L?M KO;H>I OG ;ALC>? @CMC=;G?HN? IO P?L<;FG?HN? I IONLI JL?
N?H>? I ;AL?MMIL N[I MIG?HN? ;AL?>CL M?O @;GCFC;L ? H[I OG GCFCN;L IO MO;
CHMNCNOC\[I
0?H>I ;JFC=;>; ; )?C *;LC; >; -?HB; HI =;MI >? PCIF^H=C;
>IG]MNC=; ?HPIFP?H>I =;M;F >? GCFCN;L?M ; GOFB?L GCFCN;L ?MN;LX M?H>I JLI
N?AC>; =IGI KO;FKO?L IONL; GOFB?L JICM I status >? GCFCN;L H[I FB? L?NCL; ;
KO;FC>;>? >? GOFB?L >I =IHNLXLCI ?MN;L_;GIM >C;HN? >? OG; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH
;FC>;>? ALCN;HN? DX KO? ; GOFB?L GCFCN;L ?MN;LC; M?H>I M?AL?A;>; JIL OG ?H
N?H>CG?HNI DOL_>C=I FCGCN;>IL >? >CL?CNIM =IHKOCMN;>IM ;I FIHAI >I N?GJI

?GJLIF>;?HNC>;>?@;GCFC;L?>;MI=C?>;>?=IGIOGNI>I
-IL NO>I KO? @IC PCMNI ;N] ;KOC MIG?HN? HIM L?MN; ;@CLG;L KO? ;
GOFB?L GCFCN;L >?P? M?L ;GJF;G?HN? ;GJ;L;>; J?F; )?C *;LC; >; -?HB;
KO;H>I @IL P_NCG; >? PCIF^H=C; >IG]MNC=; JIL J;LN? >? M?O =IGJ;HB?CLI N;G
<]GGCFCN;Lp[507]
"G NL;<;FBI GIHIALX@C=I >? @bF?AI >? ;ONILC; >? #?LH;H>I (I<;F
MOLACO OG; N?L=?CL; PC; KO;F M?D; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ?G<IL; =LCG? GCFCN;L
;JFC=;L?G
M? ;M G?>C>;M JLIN?NCP;M >? OLA^H=C; H; ;AL?MM[I J?LJ?NL;>; =IH
NL; ; GOFB?L HI ZG<CNI =IHDOA;F 0?AOH>I I ;ONIL o JIO=; ;N?H\[I >CM
J?HM;>; J?FI F?ACMF;>IL JXNLCI ;I !CL?CNI *CFCN;L A^H?LI H[I JI>? JL?N?LCL

IM GCFCN;L?M >? >CL?CNIM GILG?HN? IM L?F;=CIH;>IM ; !CL?CNIM %OG;HIM

=IGI I @IC ; )?C q*;LC; >; -?HB;r >?CR;H>I >? CH=FOCL ; GOFB?L GCFCN;L P_
NCG;>?PCIF^H=C;JL;NC=;>;JILM?O=IGJ;HB?CLIN;G<]GGCFCN;L
, >?MCHN?L?MM? J?FIM GCFCN;L?M H[I ] ?R=FOMCPC>;>? >IM F?ACMF;>IL?M

=IHMC>?L;H>I KO? IM >CP?LMIM ;ONIL?M KO? >CM=ILL?L;G MI<L? ; )?C q*;LC; >;
-?HB;r ?G M?OM FCPLIM IM KO;CM M?LPCL;G >? MOJILN? J;L; ; ?F;<IL;\[I >I
JL?M?HN? NL;<;FBI H[I N?=?L;G KO;FKO?L =IG?HNXLCI MI<L? ; MCNO;\[I >;

GOFB?L GCFCN;L =IG ?R=?\[I >I !L !]=CI )OCT 'IM] /I>LCAO?M 'OCT >?
!CL?CNI 1CNOF;L >; 0?RN; 3;L; _P?F >I #ILI /?ACIH;F >? 0;HNI G;LI0- ;I
?RJF;H;LMI<L?q=IGJ?N^H=C;r JICM;IG?HIM=CNIO;'OMNC\;*CFCN;L
MM?AOL;L ;M G?>C>;M JLIN?NCP;M >? OLA^H=C; Y GOFB?L GCFCN;L P_
NCG; >; PCIF^H=C; >IG]MNC=; IO @;GCFC;L ] NON?F;L ; qJL?P;F^H=C; >IM >CL?CNIM

BOG;HIMr ? ; q>CAHC>;>? >; J?MMI; BOG;H;r =IH@ILG? ?RJL?MM; ; IHMNCNO
C\[I#?>?L;F
, ,@C=C;F >? -IF_=C; 'O>C=CXLC;
*CFCN;L ;I NIG;L =IHB?=CG?HNI >?
=LCG? GCFCN;L ?HPIFP?H>I GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; >?P?LX ;JFC=;L IM CHMNCNONIM >;
)?C *;LC; >; -?HB; =;MI M?D;G L?KO?LC>IM J?F; I@?H>C>; ;>IN;H>I IM JLI
=?>CG?HNIM KO? FB? M[I J?LNCH?HN?M ? ?H=;GCHB;H>I HI JL;TI >? KO;L?HN; ?

ICNI BIL;M ;I 'O_TI *CFCN;L J;L; KO? ?MN? -I>?L @IG?HN? ;M JLIPC>^H=C;M KO?
FB?M[I?R=FOMCP;Mp[508]
+; PCM[I >I ;ONIL IM CHMNCNONIM JLI=?MMO;CM >; o)?C *;LC; >;
-?HB;p JI>?LC;G M?L ;JFC=;>IM J?FI 'OCT >? !CL?CNI >I 'O_TI *CFCN;L IO 'OCT
O>CNIL ; ?R?GJFI >; G?>C>; JLIN?NCP; >? OLA^H=C; =IGI I =;MI >; MOM
J?HM[I >; JIMM? IO L?MNLC\[I >? JILN? >? ;LG; J;L; I ;ONIL ? >I ;@;MN;G?HNI
>I F;L >IGC=_FCI IO FI=;F >? =IHPCP^H=C; =IG ; I@?H>C>; 1;G<]G H?MM?
M?HNC>I JIMC=CIH;
M?<?F;L>I'eFCI>;/I=B;

#CFC;GI
HIM NI>;PC; Y M?AOH>; PCM[I GOCNI <?G >?@?H>C>; JIL
*OLCFFI 0;FF?M IG ?@?CNI ; ;AL?MM[I ?HNL? =bHDOA?M HI CHN?LCIL >I ;G<C?HN?
>IG]MNC=I =IGI L?AL; H[I ;PCFN; <?HM DOL_>C=IM J?H;CM
GCFCN;L?M J;MM;H>I
;I F;LAI >; H?=?MMC>;>? >? CHN?LP?H\[I J?H;F GCFCN;L >?G;CM ;=L?M=?GIM
KO? ; =IHMNLO\[I @?CN; ;=?L=; >I >IFI JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? ;KOC HI ?F?G?HNI

PIFCNCPI J;L?=? =IH>OTCL Y CGJIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ;JFC=;\[I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F

*CFCN;L "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M J;L; MI@L?L OG; L?JL?MM[I JIL =LCG? GCFCN;L >I
FIMI ] JL?=CMI H[I Ma I ?F?G?HNI =IAHCNCPI m HI =;MI ;KOC ?G >CM=OMM[I

M;<?L KO? ; ?MJIM; ] GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; m G;M N;G<]G I PIFCNCPI IO M?D; KO?L
?L ;AL?>CL OG GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; +IN?

M? KO? ?MM; =IHNLO\[I ;@;MN;LC; ; CHN?L
P?H\[I J?H;F GCFCN;L H[I Ma HIM =;MIM >? ;AL?MM[I ?HNL? =bHDOA?M G;M N;G
<]G ?HNL? J;C ? @CFBI CLG[IM ?N= F;LI KO? M? ; ;AL?MM[I @IL J?LJ?NL;>; ?G
;G<C?HN? IH>? ?MN?D;G JL?M?HN?M ; >CM=CJFCH; ? ; BC?L;LKOC; GCFCN;L?M B;P?LX
;MMCHN? ; <?HM DOL_>C=IM NON?F;>IM J?FI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L G;M H[I ] ?MM? I
=;MI;KO?HIML?@?LCGIM
"G @;=? >; >CM=OMM[I ;<?LN; CHMN;F;>; M?G JL?JIH>?LZH=C; J;L;
OG; >;M =ILL?HN?M ?RJIMN;M ;>?KO;>I KO? ; KO?MN[I H[I M?D; >CLCGC>; J?F;
JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L ? MCG M?D; ;P;FC;>; J?FI aLA[I DOLCM>C=CIH;F HI =;MI
=IH=L?NI IG ;AO>?T; DX MOMN?HN;P; ?MM; JIMC\[I ]FCI )I<[I G?MGI ;HN?M
>I;>P?HNI>;o)?C*;LC;>;-?HB;p HIMM?AOCHN?MN?LGIM
o IG ; CH=ILJIL;\[I >? GOFB?L?M YM #IL\;M LG;>;M Y -IF_=C; *CF
CN;L ? ;I ILJI >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M MOLA? I JLI<F?G; L?F;NCPI Y =IG
J?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L J;L; =IHB?=?L >I >?FCNI =IG?NC>I JIL OG =bHDOA?
IO =IGJ;HB?CLI =IHNL; I IONLI 0? ; I=ILL^H=C; >CT L?MJ?CNI Y PC>; ?G
=IGOG J?LG;H?=?H>I HIM FCGCN?M >; L?F;\[I =IHDOA;F IO >? =IGJ;HB?CLIM
M?G L?@F?RI H; >CM=CJFCH; ? H; BC?L;LKOC; GCFCN;L J?LG;H?=?LX HI ZG<CNI >;
DOMNC\; =IGOG 1?G J?LNCH^H=C; =IG ; G;N]LC; ; >?=CM[I >; ILN? 0OJL?G;
M?AOH>I ; KO;F ; ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L qH[I CHN?L@?L? H; JLCP;=C>;>? >I F;L
=IHDOA;F GXRCG? HI L?F;=CIH;G?HNI >I =;M;Fr V KO?MN[I ; M?L >?=C>C>; J?FI
DOCT>C;HN?>I@;NI=IH=L?NIp[509]
Alnea b do inciso II do art. 9 I do CPM. ;F_H?; b >I CH
=CMI && >I ;LN I >CMJd? KO? M?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L ;KO?F? JL;NC=;>I oJIL GCFCN;L
?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? IO ;MM?G?FB;>I ?G FOA;L MOD?CNI Y ;>GCHCMNL;\[I
GCFCN;L =IHNL; GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; IO L?@ILG;>I IO ;MM?G?FB;>I IO =CPCFp
@CLG;H>I
M?I=LCN]LCI ratione loci

&HC=C;FG?HN? >?P?
M? HIN;L KO? HI JIFI ;NCPI ?MNX HIP;G?HN? I GCF
CN;L >; ;NCP; ? HI J;MMCPI KO;FKO?L J?MMI; exceto militar em situao de

atividade -ILN;HNI =;MI ; P_NCG; M?D; GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; G?MGI ?MN;H>I ?G
FI=;F MOD?CNI Y >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L I @;NI ?H=IHNL; MO<MOH\[I H; ;F_H?; a
?R;FN;H>I
M? I =LCN]LCI ratione personae IO ratione materiae =IGI JL?@?L
?G;FAOHM>IO
NLCH;>IL?M ?H[II ratione loci
OGJL? JICM N?HN;L >?FCGCN;L I KO? M? ?HN?H>? JIL oFOA;L MOD?CNI Y
>GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;Lp IONLI ?F?G?HNI HILG;NCPI KO? M?LX ;JLIP?CN;>I J;L;
;FAOHM >?FCNIM ;<L;HAC>IM J?FI CH=CMI & =IGI HI =;MI >IM ;LNM ? >I
-*
+[I BX OG; >?@CHC\[I F?A;F J;L; ; ?RJL?MM[I oFOA;L MOD?CNI Y >
GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;Lp @C=;H>I MO; >?FCGCN;\[I ; =;LAI >; >IONLCH; KO? N?G
P;LC;>IMO;=IGJL??HM[I
-;L; 'ILA? F<?LNI /IG?CLI FOA;L MOD?CNI Y >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L

?HN?H>?
M? I ?MJ;\I @_MC=I ?G KO? ;M @IL\;M GCFCN;L?M L?;FCT;G MO;M ;NCPC>
;>?M =IGI KO;LN]CM ;?LIH;P?M ?G<;L=;\d?M ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNIM >? ?HMCHI

GCFCN;L =;GJIM>?NL?CH;G?HNI?N=[510]
]FCI )I<[I JIMNOF; KO? FOA;L MI< >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L ] ;KO?F?

KO? oJ?LN?H=? ;I J;NLCGbHCI >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L ? >I
ILJI >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L IO ?H=IHNL;
M? MI< ;>GCHCMNL;\[I >?MM;M CH
MNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M JIL >CMJIMC\[I F?A;F IO IL>?G CAO;FG?HN? F?A;F >? ;ONIL
C>;>? =IGJ?N?HN? , FI=;F L?@?LC>I JI>? M?L CGaP?F IO GaP?F =IGI P?_=OFI
?G<;L=;\[I ;?LIH;P??N=p[511]
FXO>CI GCH *CAO?F ? &IH? >? 0IOT; LOT >?@CH?G FOA;L MOD?CNI Y
>GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L =IGI ;KO?F? oKO? CHN?AL; I J;NLCGbHCI >;M CHMNCNO
C\d?M GCFCN;L?M IO MI< MO; ;>GCHCMNL;\[I ] I FI=;F ?G KO? ;M CHMNCNOC\d?M

GCFCN;L?M >?M?HPIFP?G MO;M ;NCPC>;>?M =IGI KO;LN]CM H;PCIM ? ;?LIH;P?M
GCFCN;L?M ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNIM >? ?HMCHIM GCFCN;L?M =;GJIM >? NL?CH;G?HNI
?N=p[512]

+; HIMM; =IGJL??HM[I L?MJ?CN;H>I ;M =IHMNLO\d?M NL;HM=LCN;M NL^M

=LCN]LCIM >?P?LC;G CH@ILG;L ; C>?HNC@C=;\[I >? OG FOA;L MI< >GCHCMNL;\[I
*CFCN;L @CR;\[I IO ;GJFCNO>? >CMJIHC<CFC>;>? J?F; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L ?
M?AOL;H\;
Fixao CGJILN; ?G >?@?H>?L KO? ?MN;GIM NL;N;H>I >? oFOA;Lp ?
H[I >? o;FAIp HI M?HNC>I >? OG I<D?NI +;M PXLC;M ;=?J\d?M >; J;F;PL;
oFOA;Lp M?GJL? M? L?@?L? ; OG ?MJ;\I @_MC=I >;H>I ; ?HN?H>?L KO? M? NL;N;

>? OG ;G<C?HN? @CRI IO M?D; H[I GaP?F MMCG JIL ?R?GJFI >?@CH?
M?
FOA;L =IGI oJ;_M =C>;>? JIPI;\[I L?AC[I H[I ?MJ?=C@C=;>;p[513] IO ?HN[I
=IGI oXL?; >? FCGCN?M >?@CHC>IM IO CH>?@CHC>IMp[514] @CR;\[I HI ?HN;HNI
JI>? M?L MOJLC>; J?F; amplitude IO M?D; ?G<IL; H[I M?H>I @CRI I FOA;L
M?LX L?=IHB?=C>I =IGI MOD?CNI Y >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L M? @IL amplo ; JIHNI

>? =IGJILN;L ?G M?O CHN?LCIL OG ?@?NCPI GCFCN;L >?PC>;G?HN? =IG;H>;>I
CHMN;F;H>I
M? JICM OG; >CM=CJFCH; GCFCN;L MMCG OG KO;LN?F ] OG ;G<C?HN?
KO? JI>? M?L ?HKO;>L;>I HI =IH=?CNI >? FOA;L <?G =IGI OG H;PCI IO OG;
;?LIH;P? >? AL;H>? JILN? +[I JI>?G M?L ?HKO;>L;>IM H?MM? =IH=?CNI =IH
NO>I OG; GINI=C=F?N; >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L IO OG <IN? CH@FXP?F >; -IF_=C; *CFCN
;LG<C?HN;F
CH>; ?G<IL; @CRI ?IO ;GJFI ] JL?=CMI KO? ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CF
CN;L JIMM; >CMJIL G?MGI KO? JIL J?L_I>I >?N?LGCH;>I >I FOA;L CMMI >?
@ILG; JF?H; IO JL?>IGCH;HN? +[I JI>?G M?L ?HKO;>L;>IM =IGI FI=;CM
MOD?CNIM Y >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L ;KO?F?M >IM KO;CM ; >GCHCMNL;\[I ;J?H;M
T?F; M?G ?R?L=?L OG; L?;F ;>GCHCMNL;\[I ; ?R?GJFI >I KO? I=ILL? =IG ;M
XL?;M >? M?AOL;H\; GCFCN;L =LC;>;M JIL L?MIFO\[I +?MN;M A?L;FG?HN? ;>
MNLCN;M ; KO;LN]CM ; J?LG?;<CFC>;>? =IG I NLZHMCNI >? KO;FKO?L J?MMI; ]

HINaLC; H[I B;P?H>I JF?H; ;>GCHCMNL;\[I >I FI=;F JIL J;LN? >; >GCHCM
NL;\[I *CFCN;L In exemplis M? I IG;H>;HN? >? OG; 2HC>;>? >?M?D;L GO>;L

I ?MN;=CIH;G?HNI IO ; G[I >? >CL?\[I >? P?_=OFIM HI CHN?LCIL >I KO;LN?F
JI>?LX @;T^
FI M?G JLI<F?G;M PCMNI KO? ;>GCHCMNL; ?MM? ;G<C?HN? M? KOCM?L
JIL IONLI F;>I ;FN?L;L ; G[I >? >CL?\[I >; PC; Je<FC=; ?G @L?HN? ;I KO;LN?F
MCNO;>; ?G XL?; >? M?AOL;H\; GCFCN;L >?P?LX MIFC=CN;L I =IH=OLMI ? ;ONILCT;
\[I >I aLA[I L?MJIHMXP?F J?F; ?HA?HB;LC; >? NLX@?AI JICM H[I ;>GCHCMNL;

JL?>IGCH;HN?G?HN? ?MM? ;G<C?HN? JI>?H>I ;J?H;M >?F? T?F;L ? ;>IN;L ;F
AOG;M G?>C>;M L?MNLCNCP;M ?G MCNO;\d?M ?RJILX>C=;M =IGI ; CHMN;F;\[I >?

I<MNX=OFIM J;L; L?>O\[I >; P?FI=C>;>? ? =CL=OF;\[I ?G ]JI=;M >? >CMNeL<CIM
=CPCM IO JIL KO?MNd?M =IGJLIP;>;M >? M?AOL;H\; F;LI KO? H?G M?GJL?
B;P?LX ; ;>GCHCMNL;\[I JF?H; G;M ?F; >?P? M?L JL?JIH>?L;HN? IGI
?R?GJFI NIG?
M? OG KO;LN?F CHMN;F;>I ?G JL]>CI NIG<;>I KO? MI@L?LX CH
eG?L;M L?MNLC\d?M J;L; ; L?@ILG; G;M KO? ;J?M;L >CMMI I IG;H>;HN? ;>
GCHCMNL; JL?JIH>?L;HN?G?HN? I ;G<C?HN? KOC P;F? F?G<L;L KO? ;MMI
=C;\d?M ? =FO<?M H[I CHN?AL;G ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L H[I M? JI>?H>I =IH
@OH>CL FOA;L MOD?CNI Y >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L =IG FOA;L ;>GCHCMNL;>I JIL GCF
CN;L?M DX KO? ?MN; L?;FC>;>? JI>? I=ILL?L HI =;MI >? J?MMI;M DOL_>C=;M >?
>CL?CNI JLCP;>I IO G?MGI >? J?MMI;M DOL_>C=;M >? >CL?CNI Je<FC=I JIL]G CH
N?AL;HN?M >; >GCHCMNL;\[I CH>CL?N; IO M?D; H[I CHN?AL;HN?M >; >GCHCM
NL;\[I *CFCN;L =IGI ; ;CR; ?H?@C=?HN? >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I
-;OFI
-IL @CG BX KO? M? >?@?H>?L KO? I FOA;L MOD?CNI Y >GCHCMNL;\[I

*CFCN;L N;G<]G >?P? M?L AO;LH?=C>I =IG ?@?NCPI >? M?AOL;H\; IO ;I G?HIM
=IG >?@?HM;M KO? I =;L;=N?LCT?G =IGI OG ;G<C?HN? I=OJ;>I ? ;>GCHCM
NL;>IJILOG;@IL\;GCFCN;L
MMCG H; ;OM^H=C; >? >?@CHC\d?M F?A;CM JLIJIGIM KO? FOA;L MI<

>GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L M?D; =IGJL??H>C>I =IGI ;KO?F? ;G<C?HN? M?H[I @CRI
;I G?HIM ;GJFI MI<L? I KO;F ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L ?R?L\; >IG_HCI NIN;F
IOJL?JIH>?L;HN??>?PC>;G?HN?AO;LH?=C>I=IG?@?NCPI>?M?AOL;H\;
"R=FOC
M? >?MM; >?@CHC\[I ; L?MC>^H=C; @ILH?=C>; ; I@C=C;F IO JL;\;
>;M #IL\;M LG;>;M =IGI GIL;>C; JIL @IL\; >I CH=CMI 5& >I ;LN I >; #
M?AOH>I I KO;F ; CHPCIF;<CFC>;>? >I >IGC=_FCI CGJ?>? JIL a<PCI ; CHN?L@?L
^H=C; >; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L H;KO?F? ;G<C?HN? "MM; =IHMNLO\[I

I<PC;G?HN? ?MN?H>?
M? ;IM KO;LNIM ;FOA;>IM ; GCFCN;L?M ?G BIN]CM >?
NLZHMCNI >?M>? KO? H[I N?HB;G ; =IH@CAOL;\[I >? G?LI ;FID;G?HNI =IF?NCPI
!?P?
M? F?G<L;L KO? ; )?C -?H;F *CFCN;L ;LN g I &&& ? ; )?C -LI=?MMO
;F -?H;F *CFCN;L ;LN c ?KOCJ;L;G ; =;M; oI =IGJ;LNCG?HNI H[I ;<?LNI

;I Je<FC=I IH>? ;FAO]G ?R?L=? JLI@CMM[I IO ;NCPC>;>?p ;G<C?HN?M KO? ;I

G?HIM H; J;LN? H[I ;<?LN; ;I Je<FC=I N;G<]G ?MN;L[I @IL; >I =IH=?CNI >?
FOA;L MI< ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L ; ?R?GJFI >? <;H=IM =;HNCH;M ?N= HI CH
N?LCIL >IM KO;LN]CM FCXM G?MGI HIM ?MJ;\IM >?MM;M CHMN;F;\d?M ;<?LN;M ;I
Je<FC=I N?G
M? ; PCM[I >? KO? H[I BX ?HKO;>L;G?HNI ;I ?F?G?HNI HILG;N
CPI oFOA;L MOD?CNI Y >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;Lp +?MM? M?HNC>I ?G<IL; ;F?LN?G

;=?L=; >? PCM[I >CP?LM; >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L ;M FC\d?M JL?=CM;M >?
FXO>CIGCH*CAO?F?&IH?>?0IOT; LOT
o2G @;NI KO? MOM=CN; =IHNLIP]LMC;M >CT L?MJ?CNI ;IM >?FCNIM >? LIOIM ?G ;A^H=C;M <;H=XLC;M MCNO;>;M HI CHN?LCIL >? OHC>;>?M
GCFCN;L?M , ?MJ;\I @_MC=I I=OJ;>I JIL ?MM;M CHMNCNOC\d?M @CH;H=?CL;M H[I ]
=IHMC>?L;>I FI=;F MOD?CNI Y ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L MMCG I =LCG? M?LC; >?
H;NOL?T; =IGOG JIL H[I CH=C>CL ?MM; ;F_H?; b F]G >CMMI I MOD?CNI J;MMCPI ]
I ;H=I KO? MOJILN; IM JL?DO_TIM @CH;H=?CLIM <?G =IGI IM M?OM @OH=CIHXLCIM
M[I;MP_NCG;M>;M;G?;\;M?PCIF^H=C;MI=ILLC>IM>OL;HN?ILIO<Ip[515]
!?P?
M? N?L ; =;ON?F; H; ;HXFCM? >; ;F_H?; b >? P?LC@C=;L M?GJL? I
MOD?CNI J;MMCPI >I @;NI ;H;FCM;>I JILKO;HNI I ?HKO;>L;G?HNI H?MM; ;F_H?;
>?J?H>? >; JLXNC=; >I >?FCNI =IHNL; =CPCF IO GCFCN;L CH;NCPI ;@;MN;H>I
M? JIL
HIMM; JL?GCMM; I ;MM?G?FB;>I MMCG G?MGI OG @;NI I=ILLC>I HI CHN?LCIL
>I KO;LN?F JIL H[I N?L N;CM J?MMI;M JIL MOD?CNI J;MMCPI H[I JI>?LX M?L ?H
KO;>L;>I HI >CMJIMCNCPI ?G ?MNO>I ? M? H[I ?H=IHNL;L ?HKO;>L;G?HNI ?G

IONL; ;F_H?; H[I M? NL;N;LX >? =LCG? GCFCN;L 2G <IG ?R?GJFI >?MM; JIMMC<
CFC>;>? ?MNX HI #?CNI H >; ; O>CNILC; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I
"MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI ?G KO? >ICM GCFCN;L?M ?MN;>O;CM =;>?N?M @IL;G ;=OM;>
IM >; JLXNC=; >? ?MN?FCIH;NI ?G >?M@;PIL >; =;HNCH; CHMN;F;>; HI CHN?LCIL >I
KO;LN?F >; =;>?GC; >? -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I ;LLI L;H=I G;HNC>; J?FI
!CL?NaLCI =;>^GC=I >IM =;>?N?M , /?JL?M?HN;HN? >I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I @F
>I =;J?;>I ;I HIMMI P?L =IG GOCNI ;=?LNI JLIGIP?O ; L?G?MM; >IM
;ONIM Y 'OMNC\; IGOG JILKO;HNI ?G<IL; ; =;HNCH; ? I !CL?NaLCI

=;>^GC=I M? ?H=IHNL;MM?G HI CHN?LCIL >? OG KO;LN?F I MOD?CNI J;MMCPI >I
>?FCNI J;NLCGIHC;F H[I @IC =CPCF L?@ILG;>I IO GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; ? MCG I
!CL?NaLCI =;>^GC=I J?MMI; DOL_>C=; >? >CL?CNI JLCP;>I ?R=FOCH>I
M? ; CH
=C>^H=C; >; ;F_H?; b >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >I -* /?G?NC>IM Y 'OMNC\;

IGOG I @;NI @IC JLI=?MM;>I =IGI >?FCNI =IGOG HIM ;ONIM >I -LI=?MMI H

H; ; 3;L; LCGCH;F >I #aLOG ?HNL;F LCGCH;F >;
IG;L=;>?0[I-;OFI
JLIJaMCNI >; MCNO;\[I >;M =;M;M ?G PCF;M GCFCN;L?M ? >; ;AL?MM[I

=IHNL; GOFB?L HI <IDI >; L?F;\[I =IHDOA;F ?N= ?G FI=;F MOD?CNI Y >GCHCM
NL;\[I *CFCN;L MOM=CN;H>I I =IH@FCNI =IG ; )?C H ?HN?H>?GIM
KO? M? I @;NI I=ILL?L HI CHN?LCIL >; L?MC>^H=C; ;CH>; KO? ;G<IM GCFCN;L?M >;
;NCP; =IGI ?RJOM?GIM H; ;F_H?; a NL;N;L
M?
X >? =LCG? =IGOG 1I>;PC; M?
?MM; ;AL?MM[I @IL JL;NC=;>; @IL; >I ;G<C?HN? >I F;L JIL ?R?GJFI HI L?
@?CNaLCI >? OG; 2HC>;>? >? MILN? KO? @L;ACFCT? ; BC?L;LKOC; ? ; >CM=CJFCH;
B;P?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L J?F; ;JFC=;\[I >; ;F_H?; a M? ;G<IM @IL?G GCFCN;L?M >;
;NCP; IO>;;F_H?; b M?IMOD?CNIJ;MMCPI@IL=CPCFIOGCFCN;LCH;NCPI
HIMMI P?L >C@?L?HN? >I KO? ?RJd?G ;FAOG;M >;M JIMC\d?M

>IONLCHXLC;M =IGI ;M MOJL;=CN;>;M ;M PC;NOL;M H[I M? ?HKO;>L;G H; >?@CH
C\[I >?M?D;>; J?FI a>CAI ;MNL?HM? ;I JL?P?L I =LCN]LCI ratione loci ;MMCG
=IGI ?G<;L=;\d?M ? ;?LIH;P?M >? J?KO?HI JILN? ? A =IGI DX ?RJOM?GIM
<IN?M B?FC=aJN?LIM ?N= "HN?H>?GIM JICM KO? J;L; =B?A;L Y =IH>C\[I >?
FOA;L I ;G<C?HN? >?P? N?L N;F ;GJFCNO>? KO? J?LGCN; ; @ILG;\[I >? NLIJ;
MI< =IG;H>I CGJIH>I
M? ; >CM=CJFCH; GCFCN;L V P?L>;>? KO? ?MM? =LCN]LCI
JI>? M?L GOCNI =IG<;NC>I G;M ;N] BID? H[I M? ;JL?M?HNIO =LCN]LCI >IN;>I >?
MO@C=C?HN? <IG M?HMI J;L; >CLCGCL ; KO?MN[I -?F; >?@CHC\[I >I CFOMNL? G?MNL?
;N] G?MGI OG; GINI=C=F?N; JI>? M?L =IHMC>?L;>; FOA;L MOD?CNI Y >GCHCM
NL;\[I *CFCN;L I KO? HIM J;L?=? OG N;HNI KO;HNI ?R;A?L;>I *;FAL;>I HIMM;
PCM[I H; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI I -LIPCG?HNI H
$
>; ILL?A?>ILC;
$?L;F >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L JIL HaM DX G?H=CIH
;>I ;I NL;N;L >; =IGJL??HM[I >IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ?G @;=? >? ;=C>?HN?M >?
NLZHMCNI ?G OG >IM M?OM =IHMC>?L;H>IM ?HN?H>?O KO? o;M PC;NOL;M trailers
? OHC>;>?M GaP?CM M[I =IHMC>?L;>IM =IGI FOA;L?M MOD?CNIM Y ;>GCHCMNL;\[I

GCFCN;L /?=OLMI ?G 0?HNC>I "MNLCNI H /?=OLMI &HIGCH;>I H
/?=OLMI &HIGCH;>I H /?=OLMI &HIGCH;>I H ? /?=OLMI
&HIGCH;>I H p +I =CN;>I /?=OLMI ?G 0?HNC>I "MNLCNI H

JIL ?R?GJFI DOFA;>I ?G >? IONO<LI >? N?H>I JIL L?F;NIL I 'OCT
?F-*PCP;F>C+IAO?CL;'eHCIL F;PLIO
M?;M?AOCHN??G?HN;
o-;L; I ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI >; =IGJ?N^H=C; >I @ILI GCFCN;L >?P? M?L

?HN?H>C>I qFOA;L >; CH@L;\[Ir =IGI ;KO?F? GCFCN;LG?HN? I=OJ;>I ? ;>GCHCM
NL;>I PC;NOL; bHC<OM JIFC=C;F ] =IHMC>?L;>; =IGI FI=;F MOD?CNI Y ;>GCHCM
NL;\[I GCFCN;L P?T KO? J?LN?H=?HN? ;I J;NLCGbHCI >; JIF_=C; GCFCN;L ? ONCFCT
;>;JILGCFCN;L?M?MN;>O;CMHI>?M?GJ?HBI>?MO;M>CP?LM;MGCMMd?Mp
1;G<]G H[I ?HN?H>?GIM =IGI FI=;CM MOD?CNIM Y >GCHCMNL;\[I

*CFCN;L =IGI DX ;@CLG;GIM ;M =B;G;>;M zonas de segurana IO reas de
segurana militar JLaRCG;M ;IM KO;LN]CM JILKO;HNI ?G<IL; I ;>GCHCM
NL;>IL M?D; JIL @IL\; >? /?MIFO\[I OG GCFCN;L ; >GCHCMNL;\[I H[I ?MNX
FCPL?HIOMI>IFI=;F =IH@ILG??R?GJFI;=CG;=IHMCAH;>I
+[I M? ?HKO;>L;G HI =IH=?CNI ?G @I=I N;G<]G ;M CHMN;F;\d?M >I
-I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI =IGI ;M O>CNILC;M *CFCN;L?M JIL H[I ?MN;L?G HI ?MJ?=NLI
>? >CMJIMC\[I >; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L *OCNI <?G ;>OT?G FXO>CI GCH
*CAO?F ? &IH? >? 0IOT; LOT KO? ;M o;O>CNILC;M H[I M[I =IHMC>?L;>;M FI=;CM
MOD?CNIM Y ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L JICM >?MNCH;G
M? ; M?LPCL >? FI=;F J;L; @OH
=CIH;G?HNI >? ;NCPC>;>?M >I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI ? H[I >;M #IL\;M LG;
>;Mp[516]
=?L=; >I ;=C>?HN? >? NLZHMCNI I=ILLC>I ?G FOA;L MOD?CNI Y >GCHCM
NL;\[I *CFCN;L BX I ?HN?H>CG?HNI >? KO? I a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI L;MCF?CLI )?C
H m 1 H[I M? ;JFC=;LC; ; @;NI I=ILLC>I HI CHN?LCIL JIL ?R?GJFI
>? OG KO;LN?F JIL @IL\; >I KO? >CMJd? I M?O ;LN I &MMI F?P;LC; ; OG; CH
?KO_PI=; ;JFC=;\[I J?P;F?=?HN? >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ; OG ;=C>?HN? I=IL
LC>I H; =;M?LH; JIL ?R?GJFI I ;NLIJ?F;G?HNI >? OG; J?MMI; H[I GCFCN;L
>; ;NCP; J;L; H[I MOM=CN;L ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ?HKO;>L;G?HNI H; ;F_H?; a

HI CHN?LCIL >I KO;LN?F JIL OG GCFCN;L KO? >? @IFA; J;L; H[I MOM=CN;L ; JIM
MC<CFC>;>? >? ?HKO;>L;G?HNI H; ;F_H?; c KO? ?MNO>;L?GIM ; M?AOCL ?MNX

>?CR;H>I ; 2HC>;>? J;L; CL J;L; MO; L?MC>^H=C; 1I>;PC; ] JIMM_P?F ?HN?H>?L
KO? IM >CMJIMCNCPIM J?H;CM >I a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI NL;HM=?H>?G ; =IHMNLO\[I
>I ;LN I JICM J;L; ;M >CMJIMC\d?M J?H;CM HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN N;G<]G

>I 1 ;JFC=;G
M? ;M HILG;M A?L;CM >I a>CAI -?H;F ? >I a>CAI >? -LI
=?MMI -?H;F M? I JLaJLCI =;J_NOFI 5&5 KO? NL;N; >IM =LCG?M >? NLZHMCNI H[I
>CMJOM?L >? @ILG; >CP?LM; +IN?
M? KO? ; ?R=?\[I >I 1 L?@?L?
M? ;I
=;J_NOFI ? H[I ; NI>I I a>CAI H[I ;F=;H\;H>I JILN;HNI I ;LN I MMCG ]
JIMM_P?F ; ;JFC=;\[I >;M >CMJIMC\d?M =LCGCH;CM >I a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI HI CH
N?LCIL >IM KO;LN]CM PCM[I KO? ;F?LN;GIM H[I ] ;=IGJ;HB;>; J?F; >IONLCH;
?MJ?=_@C=; ?G MO; AL;H>? G;CILC; +?MM? =IHN?RNI MOLA? HIP;G?HN? I =IH
@FCNI ;J;L?HN? >? HILG;M ?HNL? I 1 ? I -* KO? ?G HIMM; PCM[I =IGI DX

L?MM;FN;GIM >?P?LC;L?MIFP?L
M??G@;PIL>I a>CAI>?1LZHMCNI
#CH;FG?HN? >? ;=IL>I =IG IM =LCN]LCIM KO? ?HOG?L;GIM ? ;M
JIMC\d?M >IONLCHXLC;M KO? HIM ;@?C\I;G JI>?GIM CH>C=;L =IGI ?R?GJFIM >?
FOA;L?MMOD?CNIMY>GCHCMNL;\[I*CFCN;L
IM KO;LN]CM >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M M?D;G ?F?M KO;LN]CM IJ?L;
=CIH;CM =IGI OG ;N;FB[I >? &H@;HN;LC; >I "R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI M?D;G ?F?M
OHC>;>?M H[I IJ?L;=CIH;CM ; ?R?GJFI >IM %IMJCN;CM *CFCN;L?M >;M 2HC>;>?M
>? "HMCHI =;>?GC; *CFCN;L >;M AOFB;M +?AL;M =;>?GC; >? -IF_=C; *CFCN
;L >I ;LLI L;H=I ?N= ? IM %IN]CM >? 1LZHMCNI ?G MO;M XL?;M >? OMI
=IGOG
;M PCF;M GCFCN;L?M ?G MO; XL?; >? ONCFC>;>? =IGOG =IGI LO;M
=;F\;>;M?N=
;M XL?;M >? ;=;GJ;G?HNIM ;=;HNIH;G?HNIM ? <CP;KO?M
GCFCN;L?M
;M?G<;L=;\d?M?;?LIH;P?MGCFCN;L?M>?AL;H>?JILN?
*CFCN;L
-IL IONLI F;>I H[I =IHMC>?L;GIM FOA;L?M MOD?CNIM Y >GCHCMNL;\[I
I CHN?LCIL >;M =;M;M FI=;FCT;>;M ?G PCF; GCFCN;L ?G L;T[I >; NON?F;

=IHMNCNO=CIH;FJL?PCMN;HICH=CMI5&>I;LN I
I CHN?LCIL >I KO;LNI >? %IN?F >? 1LZHMCNI GCFCN;L >?PC>;G?HN?

I=OJ;>I <?G =IGI I CHN?LCIL >? <;H=IM =;HNCH;M ?N= ;FI=;>IM >?HNLI >?

2HC>;>?M *CFCN;L?M I JLCG?CLI NON?F;>I J?FI >CMJIMCNCPI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F

=CN;>I IM M?AOH>IM ?G<IL; N;G<]G ?G J;LN? ;@?N;>IM J?FI >CMJIMNI HI CH
=CMI 5& >I ;LN I >; # ?G L;T[I >; =IGJL??HM[I >? KO? H[I M? ?HKO;>L;
HI=LCN]LCI>?>CMJIMC\[I>I;G<C?HN?J?F;>GCHCMNL;\[I*CFCN;L
I CHN?LCIL >;M CHMN;F;\d?M >? ;MMI=C;\d?M MI=C?>;>?M L?=L?;NCP;M
?N= ;>GCHCMNL;>IM JIL GCFCN;L?M ; ?R?GJFI >; MMI=C;\[I >? ;<IM ? 0IF>;
>IM >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI DX KO? H[I M? JI>? =IH@OH>CL
FI=;FMOD?CNIY>GCHCMNL;\[I*CFCN;L=IGFI=;F;>GCHCMNL;>IJILGCFCN;L
LO;M JL;\;M ?N= JLaRCG;M ;IM KO;LN]CM >? FCPL? ;=?MMI ;CH>;
KO? M? =IH@CAOL?G ?G XL?; >? M?AOL;H\; GCFCN;L DX KO? ; ;>GCHCMNL;\[I H[I
JIMMOC JI>?L >? FCPL? >?FC<?L;\[I MI<L? I ;G<C?HN? M;FPI M? M? NILH;L?G FI=
;CM>?;=;GJ;G?HNI
;M CHMN;F;\d?M >I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI ? >I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I =IGI
;MO>CNILC;M>;'OMNC\;*CFCN;L>;2HC[I?>IM"MN;>IM
Alnea c do inciso II do art. 9 I do CPM. ;F_H?; c >I CH
=CMI && >I ;LN I ;FN?L;>; J?F; )?C H >? >? ;AIMNI >? >CMJd?
KO? M? =IH@CAOL; =LCG? GCFCN;L I JL;NC=;>I oJIL GCFCN;L ?G M?LPC\I IO ;NO
;H>I ?G L;T[I >; @OH\[I ?G =IGCMM[I >? H;NOL?T; GCFCN;L IO ?G @ILG
;NOL; ;CH>; KO? @IL; >I FOA;L MOD?CNI ; ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L =IHNL; GCFCN;L
>; L?M?LP; IO L?@ILG;>I IO =CPCFp =IH@CAOL;H>I
M? ?G OG =LCN]LCI ratione
materiae
KOC N;G<]G BX KO? M? ;N?L ;I @;NI >? KO? HI JIFI ;NCPI ?MNX I GCF
CN;L >; ;NCP; ? HI J;MMCPI KO;FKO?L J?MMI; exceto militar em situao de

atividade !?MM; @ILG; =;MI ; P_NCG; M?D; GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; G?MGI ?MN;H>I I
MOD?CNI ;NCPI ?G M?LPC\I I @;NI ?H=IHNL; MO<MOH\[I H; ;F_H?; a ?R;FN;H>I
M?
I=LCN]LCI ratione personae ?H[II ratione materiae
"G JLCG?CLI JF;HI N?GIM I GCFCN;L ?G M?LPC\I =IGJL??H>C>I

=IGI ;KO?F? KO? ?MNX HI >?M?GJ?HBI >? MO;M @OH\d?M ;NL?F;>;M Y CHMNCNOC\[I
GCFCN;L ?G KO? M?LP? IO =IGI ;>OT ]FCI )I<[I o] I KO? M? ?H=IHNL; ?R?L
=?H>I @OH\[I >I =;LAI GCFCN;L J?LG;H?HN? IO N?GJILXLCI >?=ILL?HN? >? F?C

>?=L?NI L?AOF;G?HNI ;NI JILN;LC; CHMNLO\[I IL>?G P?L<;F IO ?M=LCN; >?

;ONILC>;>?GCFCN;L=IGJ?N?HN?p[517]
+[I M? JI>? =IH@OH>CL ; =IH>C\[I >I GCFCN;L ?G M?LPC\I =IG ; >I
GCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? "MN; =IHMCMN? H; MCNO;\[I ?G KO? I GCFCN;L
;CH>; H[I @IC ;F=;H\;>I J?F; CH;NCPC>;>? L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; IO L?@ILG;
KO?F? =IGJL??H>? I GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; m ?R=?NI IM =;MIM >? ?KOCJ;L;\[I >I
;LN >I -* ?G KO? OG GCFCN;L CH;NCPI JI>?LX JIL M?L ?KOCJ;L;>I ;I >;
;NCP; ?MN;L >? M?LPC\I m ?MNX HI >?M?GJ?HBI >;M @OH\d?M KO? MO; CHMNCNOC\[I
FB? =IH@?LCO[518] J?M;L >CMMI =IGI DX L?@?LCGIM H[I L;L;G?HN? BX DOF
A;>IM KO? =IH@OH>?G ;M ?RJL?MMd?M -IL NI>IM HI 01' vide I DX G?H=CIH
;>I IH@FCNI >? IGJ?N^H=C; H MI< L?F;NILC; >; *CHCMNL; *;LC;
1B?L?T; >? MMCM *IOL; D

? HI 01# I N;G<]G DX =CN;>I Habeas
Corpus H /0 0?AOH>; 1OLG; MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI ?FMI >?
*?FFI DOFA;>I?G>?;AIMNI>?
?RJL?MM[I o?G M?LPC\Ip >?P?
M? ;>OTCL H[I =IGJL??H>? ;J?H;M I
M?LPC\I JLaJLCI >; CHMNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L =IHB?=C>I JIL o;NCPC>;>?
@CGp G;M NI
>I ? KO;FKO?L M?LPC\I ?G KO? ; CHMNCNOC\[I >?JIMCN? ?G M?O ;A?HN? ; =IH@C
;H\;>??R?=ONX
FI
+?MM? M?HNC>I vide I Habeas Corpus H *0 DOFA;>I ?G

>? >?T?G<LI >? L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI *;OL_=CI ILL^; +I =;MI ?G ?M
J]=C? ?G OG ALOJI JIFC=C;F GCMNI CHN?AL;>I JIL -IFC=C;CM *CFCN;L?M ? CPCM

>I "MN;>I >I *;NI $LIMMI >I 0OF >?HIGCH;>I !?J;LN;G?HNI >? ,J?L;\d?M
>? #LIHN?CL; !,# I ?HN?H>CG?HNI CHC=C;F >I -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI 0OF
G;NI
ALIMM?HM? @IC HI M?HNC>I >? KO? ; @OH\[I H[I ?L; ;@?CN; Y ;NCPC>;>? >; -IF_=C;
*CFCN;L >? MILN? KO? IM CF_=CNIM J?H;CM JL;NC=;>IM J?FIM GCFCN;L?M H[I M?LC;G
=LCG?M GCFCN;L?M P;FC;>; J?FI 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F HI ?HN;HNI ;
PCM[I @IC L?@ILG;>; @CLG;H>I
M? ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F
JILNL;N;L
M?>?=LCG?GCFCN;L3?D;GIM;?G?HN;>I;=aL>[I
oHABEAS
CORPUS
-,)& &)
*&)&1/
,+!21
/") &,+! ,* 12Uk, #2+ &,+) /&*"0 1*V* !"
+12/"7-"+)*&)&1/ ,*-"1t+ &/" ,+%" &!

-IFC=C;F GCFCN;L "RCMN^H=C; >? >?FCNIM NCJC@C=;>IM ;I G?MGI N?GJI

HI - ? HI -* IH>ON;M KO? AO;L>;G L?F;\[I =IG ;M @OH\d?M L?AOF;L?M >I
M?LPC>IL LCG? GCFCN;L CGJLaJLCI IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L J;L; I DOF
A;G?HNI # ;LNCAI
!?J;LN;G?HNI >? ,J?L;\d?M >? #LIHN?CL; >I "MN;>I >? *;NI
$LIMMI >I 0OF -IF_=C; GCMN; *?MGI H;M BCJaN?M?M ?G KO? ?HNL? ;M ;NCPC>
;>?M >I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L ?MN?D;G ;KO?F;M J?LNCH?HN?M ;I JIFC=C;G?HNI =CPCF IM

>?MPCIM >? =IH>ON;M >?=ILL?HN?M >? MO;M ;NLC<OC\d?M ?MJ?=_@C=;M ? ;MMI=C;>;M
Y ;NCPC>;>? GCFCN;L KO? =;L;=N?LCT?G =LCG? J?LJ?NL;>;M =IHNL; =CPCF IO ; IL
>?G ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; =;MNL?HM? =IHMNCNO?G

M? ?G =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ;CH>; KO?
I=ILLC>IM @IL; >I FOA;L MOD?CNI Y ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L -* ;LNCAI I &&
q=r?q?r
+?MM?M =;MIM ; =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L I ;A?HN?

Je<FC=I ] >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "HOH=C;>I >; 0eGOF;01# BX GOCNI N?GJI
MOJ?L;>I
LCG? >? @ILG;\[I >? KO;>LCFB; - ;LNCAI !?FCNI KO? H[I
?H=IHNL; NCJC@C=;\[I =ILL?MJIH>?HN? HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L IGJ?N^H=C;
H?MM;J;LN? >;'OMNC\; IGOG%;<?;M
=ILJOM>?@?LC>I?GJ;LN?p
#CH;FG?HN? ;@;MN;H>I ; 0eGOF; >I 01# ;N] BID? G?H=CIH;>;

HI 01' ? ?G<IL; ?KOCPI=;H>I
M? HI >CMJIMCNCPI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F DX KO? ;M
'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M >IM "MN;>IM JIMMO?G =IGJ?N^H=C; >?@CHC>; HI ;LN g

I >; # ? H[I HI ;LN =IGI =CN;>I I -L?NaLCI "R=?FMI =IG ?MM; >?
=CM[I ?PC>?H=C; KO? ; ?RJL?MM[I o?G M?LPC\Ip NL;HM=?H>? I KO? M? JI>?LC; N?L
=IGI ;J?H;M ;@?NI ; OG; ;NCPC>;>? <?FCA?L;HN? IO JLaJLC; >? =;M?LH;
?HN?H>?H>I
M? =IGJL??H>C>; H; ?RJL?MM[I NI>; ? KO;FKO?L @OH\[I >?M?G
J?HB;>; J?FI GCFCN;L >?M>? KO? ?G L?JL?M?HN;\[I Y MO; CHMNCNOC\[I In exemplis ?MN;LX ?G M?LPC\I J;L; @CHM >; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L I ,@C=C;F
CHN?AL;HN? >; MM?MMILC; -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L >; MM?G<F?C; )?ACMF;NCP; >? OG
"MN;>I KO? HI M?O J?L_I>I >? ?M=;F; ;ALC>; OG @OH=CIHXLCI =CPCF >; =;M; F?
ACMF;NCP; >?G;CM L;NC@C=;H>I ?MM? ?HN?H>CG?HNI <;MN; F?G<L;L KO? I

a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO;H>I >?M?D; L?MNLCHACL OG; @OH\[I ;I =IHDOHNI

>;KO?F;M ?MM?H=C;FG?HN? <?FCA?L;HN?M IO FCA;>;M Y ;NCPC>;>?

@CG >? OG; CH
MNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L I @;T ?RJL?MM;G?HN? =IGI HI =;MI >I =LCG? >? >?M;=;NI ;
GCFCN;L NL;TC>I J?FI ;LN >I -* =IG ; M?AOCHN? L?>;\[I o!?M;=;N;L
GCFCN;LHI?R?L=_=CI>? funo de natureza militar IO?GL;T[I>?F;pAH
+?MM? G?MGI =IHN?RNI ?MN[I IM GCFCN;L?M >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M KO?
>?M?GJ?HB;G IJ?L;\d?M >? A;L;HNC; >; F?C ? >; IL>?G G;CM =IHB?=C>;M
=IGI $), IGI M? M;<? I ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F >CMJd? KO? ;M
#IL\;M LG;>;M o=IHMNCNO_>;M J?F; *;LCHB; J?FI "R]L=CNI ? J?F; ?L
IHXONC=; M[I CHMNCNOC\d?M H;=CIH;CM J?LG;H?HN?M ? L?AOF;L?M ILA;HCT;>;M

=IG <;M? H; BC?L;LKOC; ? H; >CM=CJFCH; MI< ; ;ONILC>;>? MOJL?G; >I -L?MC>
?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; ? >?MNCH;G

M? Y >?@?M; >; -XNLC; Y A;L;HNC; >IM JI>?L?M
=IHMNCNO=CIH;CM ? JIL CHC=C;NCP; >? KO;FKO?L >?MN?M da lei e da ordemp A

H M?H>I =F;L; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ?P?HNO;FG?HN? ;M #IL\;M LG;>;M M?L?G
?GJL?A;>;MJ;L;;JL?M?LP;\[I>;IL>?GJe<FC=;$),
=?L=; >; ILA;HCT;\[I JL?J;LI ? ?GJL?AI >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M ;

>CM=CJFCH; ?MNX =IHNC>; H; )?C IGJF?G?HN;L H >? >? DOHBI >? ;F
N?L;>; J?F; )?C IGJF?G?HN;L H >? >? M?N?G<LI >? ? J?F; )?C
IGJF?G?HN;L H >? >? ;AIMNI >? , ;LN
;=L?M=C>I JIL ?M
N; eFNCG; )?C IGJF?G?HN;L Y AOCM; >? ?R?GJFI =IH@?L? YM #IL\;M LG;>;M

o;F]G >? IONL;M ;\d?M J?LNCH?HN?M N;G<]G =IGI ;NLC<OC\d?M MO<MC>CXLC;M
JL?M?LP;>;M ;M =IGJ?N^H=C;M ?R=FOMCP;M >;M JIF_=C;M DO>C=CXLC;M ;NO;L JIL
G?CI >? ;\d?M preventivas e repressivas, na faixa de fronteira terrestre, no
mar e nas guas interiores CH>?J?H>?HN?G?HN? >; JIMM? >; JLIJLC?>;>?

>; @CH;FC>;>? IO >? KO;FKO?L AL;P;G? KO? MI<L? ?F; L?=;C; =IHNL; >?FCNIM
NL;HM@LIHN?CLC\IM ? ;G<C?HN;CM CMIF;>;G?HN? IO ?G =IIL>?H;\[I =IG IONLIM
aLA[IM >I -I>?L "R?=ONCPIp ?R?=ON;H>I >?HNL? IONL;M ;M ;\d?M >? J;NLOF
B;G?HNI >? L?PCMN; >? J?MMI;M >? P?_=OFIM N?LL?MNL?M >? ?G<;L=;\d?M ? >?
;?LIH;P?M ? >? JLCMd?M ?G @F;AL;HN? >?FCNI !CMJd? ;CH>; I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I

>I G?MGI ;LNCAI KO? ;M #IL\;M LG;>;M ;I T?F;L J?F; M?AOL;H\; J?MMI;F >;M
;ONILC>;>?M H;=CIH;CM ? ?MNL;HA?CL;M ?G GCMMd?M I@C=C;CM CMIF;>;G?HN? IO
?G =IIL>?H;\[I =IG IONLIM aLA[IM >I -I>?L "R?=ONCPI JI>?L[I ?R?L=?L ;M

;\d?M >? L?PCMN; >? J?MMI;M >? P?_=OFIM N?LL?MNL?M >? ?G<;L=;\d?M ? >? ;?L
IH;P?M?>?JLCMd?M?G@F;AL;HN?>?FCNI
+I ?HN;HNI I >CJFIG; KO? L?;FG?HN? NL;T GCHe=C;M ;I ?GJL?AI >;M

#IL\;M LG;>;M H; A;L;HNC; >; F?C ? >; IL>?G ] I !?=L?NI H >? >?
;AIMNI >? +?MM? CHMNLOG?HNI HILG;NCPI H[I JLCGXLCI ?H=IHNL;GIM
OG =;LXN?L MO<MC>CXLCI >; ;NO;\[I >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M H; A;L;HNC; >; F?C ?
>; IL>?G ex vi >I ;LN I KO? >CMJd? KO? H; oBCJaN?M? >? ?GJL?AI >;M
#IL\;M LG;>;M J;L; ; A;L;HNC; >; F?C ? >; IL>?G I<D?NCP;H>I ; JL?M?LP;\[I
>; IL>?G Je<FC=; ? >; CH=IFOGC>;>? >;M J?MMI;M ? >I J;NLCGbHCI JILKO? ?M
AIN;>IM IM CHMNLOG?HNIM ; CMMI JL?PCMNIM HI ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I FB?M CH
=OG<CLX M?GJL? KO? M? @;\; H?=?MMXLCI >?M?HPIFP?L ;M ;\d?M >? JIF_=C; IM
N?HMCP; =IGI ;M >?G;CM >? H;NOL?T; JL?P?HNCP; IO L?JL?MMCP; KO? M? CH
=FO?G H; =IGJ?N^H=C; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ? F?A;F >;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M I<M?LP;
>IM IM N?LGIM ? FCGCN?M CGJIMNIM ; ?MN;M eFNCG;M J?FI IL>?H;G?HNI

DOL_>C=Ip F;L;G?HN? B;P?H>I I ?MAIN;G?HNI >;M JIMMC<CFC>;>?M ;@?N;M ;IM
aLA[IM >? M?AOL;H\; Je<FC=; ?HOG?L;>IM HI ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L
;F ;M #IL\;M LG;>;M N?L[I I J;J?F >? JL?M?LP;L ; IL>?G Je<FC=; ?G NI>; ;

MO; ;=?J\[I IO M?D; M?AOL;H\; NL;HKOCFC>;>? ? M;FO<LC>;>? Je<FC=;M ,
J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >?MM? G?MGI ;LNCAI ?M=F;L?=? KO? M? =IHMC>?L;G o?MAIN;>IM
IM G?CIM JL?PCMNIM HI ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I CH=FOMCP? HI KO? =IH=?LH? YM
-IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M KO;H>I ?G >?N?LGCH;>I GIG?HNI CH>CMJIH_P?CM CH?R
CMN?HN?M IO CHMO@C=C?HN?M ;I >?M?GJ?HBI L?AOF;L >? MO; GCMM[I =IHMNCNO=CIH
;Fp @CR;H>I =F;L;G?HN? OG ?GJL?AI MO<MC>CXLCI >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M >?
P?H>I I JI>?L =IHMNCNO_>I JLCG?CLI F;H\;L G[I >;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M ?

MIG?HN? ;JaM =IHMN;N;L ; CHMO@C=C^H=C; @IG?HN;L I ?GJL?AI >;M #IL\;M
LG;>;M
-I>?L
M?
C; KO?MNCIH;L ; ?R?GJFI >I KO? I=ILL?O ?G H_P?F ?MN;>O;F
=IG I !?J;LN;G?HNI >? ,J?L;\d?M >? #LIHN?CL; MOJL;=CN;>I M? I GCFCN;L

@?>?L;F ?G IJ?L;\[I >? $), ?MN;LC; ?G M?LPC\I J;L; @CHM >? ;JFC=;\[I >;
;F_H?; ?MNO>;>; OG; P?T KO? ?MN;LC; ?G OG; GCMM[I H[I JLIJLC;G?HN? ;@?N;
Y ;NCPC>;>? <?FCA?L;HN? L?MJIMN; ; ?MM; CH>;A;\[I ] GOCNI MCGJF?M ? >?
=ILL? >; JLaJLC; )?C IGJF?G?HN;L H KO? ?G M?O ;LN HI g I

>CMJOHB; KO? I o?GJL?AI ? I JL?J;LI >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M H; A;L;HNC; >; F?C
? >; IL>?G M[I =IHMC>?L;>IM ;NCPC>;>? GCFCN;L J;L; @CHM >? ;JFC=;\[I >I ;LN
I CH=CMI && ;F_H?; c >I !?=L?NI
)?C H >? >? IONO<LI >? m
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;Lp +; ;NO;F L?>;\[I JIL @IL\; >; )?C IGJF?G?HN;L H
>CMJd?
M? KO? ; ;NO;\[I >I GCFCN;L ?G ;FAOG;M ;NCPC>;>?M ?G ?M
J?=C;F ; KO? >CM=ILL?GIM m $), m CH=FOMCP? HI M?O JL?J;LI ] =IHMC>?L;>;

;NCPC>;>? GCFCN;L J;L; IM @CHM >I ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F !?MM;LN?
GCFCN;L >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M ?G NL?CH;G?HNI IO ?R?=O\[I >? IJ?L;\[I ;NL?
F;>; Y A;L;HNC; >; F?C ? >; IL>?G ?MN;LX ?G M?LPC\I J;L; @CHM >? MO<MOH\[I Y
;F_H?; ?MNO>;>; G?MG; =IHMNLO\[I >?P? M?L @?CN; ?G IONL;M ;NCPC>;>?M
NL;TC>; J?F; )?C IGJF?G?HN;L ?G @I=I =IGI ;KO?F;M FCA;>;M Y >?@?M; =CPCF
JL?PCMN;HI caput >I;LN
, P_H=OFI =IG I M?LPC\I GCFCN;L ?RCAC>I J?F; ;F_H?; c L?MM;FN?

M? ]
CHN?LLIGJC>I J?FI ;<;H>IHI >I JIMNI >I FOA;L >? M?LPC\I IO >I JLaJLCI M?L
PC\I >? MILN? KO? OG =LCG? JIMN?LCILG?HN? JL;NC=;>I M?H[I JIL IONL; ;F_H?;
>I CH=CMI && H[I M?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L J?F; ;F_H?; c +?MM? M?HNC>I ]FCI )I<[I
;I;>OTCL
oI ;<;H>IH;L I JIMNI I GCFCN;L ?PC>?HN?G?HN? J?LG;H?=? ?G

;NCPC>;>? G;M H[I ?G M?LPC\I G;M H[I HI ?R?L=_=CI >; @OH\[I >I =;LAI GCF
CN;L ? M? =IG?N? =LCG? I @;T =IGI GCFCN;L M?G ?MN;L >? M?LPC\I IGI ?R?G
JFI ; I=ILL^H=C; ?HPIFP?H>I CHN?AL;HN?M >? OG; J;NLOFB; KO? ;@;MN;H>I

M?
>I LIN?CLI ?MN;<?F?=C>I >CLCACL;G
M? ; OG <;L IH>? =IG?N?L;G =LCG? , 0O
J?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L ;=?LN;>;G?HN? ?HN?H>?O KO? IM GCFCN;L?M H[I ?M
N;P;G ?G M?LPC\I ? =IHMC>?LIO I @;NI >?FCNOIMI =IGI =LCG? =IGOG /?=

LCG H "G<IL; ?G ;NCPC>;>? HI M?LPC\I ;NCPI IM GCFCN;L?M H[I ?M
N;P;G?GM?LPC\Ip
, 01* HI ?HN;HNI DX >?=C>CO ?G M?HNC>I IJIMNI +IM "G<;LAIM H

0- >?=C>C>IM ?G >? DOHBI >? MI< L?F;NILC; >I
*CHCMNLI/;S>?LF?H=;L>;0CFP?CL; F;PLIO;M?AOCHN??G?HN;
o"*/$,0 /,2, -"/-"1/!, -w0 +!,+, !"

-,01, ,*-"1t+ &.2)&#& !,/

-L;NC=; I =LCG? >? LIOI JL?PCMNI HI ;LN g CH=

& >I -* I GCFCN;L ?M=;F;>I J;L; I M?LPC\I >? AO;L>; >I .O;LN?F KO? ;<;H
>IH; I JIMNI ? CH=IHNCH?HNC LIO<; I =;LLI >? OG =CPCF ;G?;\;H>I

I =IG I
@OTCFGG;=;ON?F;>IJ;L;NCL;LIM?LPC\I
I
V ;JFC=XP?F ;I =;MI ; KO;FC@C=;>IL; >; PCIF^H=C; ?R?L=C>; =IG
?GJL?AI>?;LG;
, @OTCF =;OMIO ?@?NCPI N?GIL Y P_NCG; CGJ?>CH>I KO;FKO?L L?;\[I

JIL ;=L?>CN;L HI L?;F J?LCAI Y MO; CHN?ALC>;>? @_MC=; JIO=I CGJILN;H>I M? I
;LG;G?HNI?MN;P;IOH[I=;LL?A;>I
/?D?CN;>; ; JL?FCGCH;L >? CH=IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L *;H
NC>;;KO;FC@C=;>IL;>I?GJL?AI>?;LG;
"G<;LAIM J;L=C;FG?HN? JLIPC>IM MIG?HN? J;L; L?NC@C=;L ; =IHN;A?G
>;J?H;CGJIMN;HI=aL>[IL?=ILLC>I
!?=CM[IG;DILCNXLC;p
-L?@?LCGIM ; JLCG?CL; PCM[I HI M?HNC>I >? KO? I ;<;H>IHI >? JIMNI

LIGJ? I P_H=OFI =IG I M?LPC\I FCXM ?MM; N;G<]G ; PCM[I ?RJIMN; J?F; 0?
AOH>; 1OLG; >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F HI Habeas Corpus H

/' DOFA;>I?G >?G;L\I>? MI<L?F;NILC;>I*CHCMNLI ?T;L-?FOMI
oUk, -"+) IGJ?N^H=C; LCG? >? LIOI =IG

;<;H>IHI >? JIMNI ? ;LG; >; =ILJIL;\[I @IL; >; XL?; MOD?CN; Y ;>GCHCM
NL;\[I =;MNL?HM? &H=IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L #?CNI >; =IGJ?N^H=C; >;
'OMNC\; IGOG M?G JL?DO_TI >; =IGJ?N^H=C; >;KO?F; J;L; I >?FCNI >? ;<;H
>IHI >? JIMNI % =IH=?>C>I J;L; I L?=IHB?=?L &HN?FCA^H=C; >I ;LN >;
# -L?=?>?HN?M Ao penal por delito cometido por militar, com abandono
de posto e arma da corporao, fora da rea sujeita administrao
castrense, no tem por objeto delito militar e, pois, da competncia da
Justia Comum, sem prejuzo da competncia da Justia Militar para o delito de abandono de postopAH

JLIJaMCNI >; ;AL?MM[I =IHNL; GOFB?L HI <IDI >; L?F;\[I =IHDOA;F

?N= ?MN;H>I I MOD?CNI ;NCPI >? M?LPC\I MOM=CN;H>I I =IH@FCNI =IG ; )?C H
?HN?H>?GIM KO? M? I @;NI I=ILL?L HI M?CI >; L?F;\[I =IHDOA;F
CHN?LCIL >; L?MC>^H=C; JIL ?R?GJFI NL;N;L
M?
X >? =LCG? =IGOG 1IG?
M? ?
A I 0;LA?HNI IG;H>;HN? >; $O;L>; KO? H; BIL; >I ;FGI\I P;C ;N] MO;
L?MC>^H=C; ?G 3CF; *CFCN;L HI CHN?LCIL >I .O;LN?F ? ;ALC>? MO; ?MJIM;
JLIPI=;H>I
FB? F?Md?M =ILJIL;CM CH>; KO? ;G<IM GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; =IGI
?RJOM?GIM H; ;F_H?; a NL;N;L

M?
X >? =LCG? =IGOG 1I>;PC; M? ?MM;
;AL?MM[I @IL JL;NC=;>; @IL; >I ;G<C?HN? >I F;L P A HI L?@?CNaLCI >; 2HC>
;>? >? MILN? KO? @L;ACFCT? ; BC?L;LKOC; ? ; >CM=CJFCH; B;P?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L
J?F; ;JFC=;\[I >; ;F_H?; a M? ;G<IM @IL?G GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; IO >; ;F_H?; c
M?IMOD?CNIJ;MMCPI@IL=CPCFIOGCFCN;LCH;NCPI
*;CM OG; KO?MN[I ?G L?F;\[I Y =IH>C\[I ?G M?LPC\I >CT L?MJ?CNI Y
MO; H[I C>?HNC>;>? =IG I @;NI >? I GCFCN;L ?MN;L @;L>;>I "G IONLIM N?LGIM
; F?C PCH=OF; I =LCG? GCFCN;L ;I @;NI >? I GCFCN;L ?MN;L ?G M?LPC\I ? H[I JIL
?MN;L @;L>;>I MMCG H[I =IG?N?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L JIL ?R?GJFI I GCFCN;L >?
@IFA; KO? JIL =IHP?HC^H=C; JLaJLC; PX @;L>;>I Y =;M; >? M?O MIALI ? =;OM?
FB? F?Md?M =ILJIL;CM G;M =IG?N?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L JIL IONLI ?H@IKO? I GCFCN
;L KO? CHN?AL;HN? >I JIFC=C;G?HNI P?F;>I JILN;HNI ?G NL;D?M =CPCM =;OM?

F?M[I=ILJIL;F;OG;J?MMI;HI;NI>?OG;;<IL>;A?G
2G; eFNCG; KO?MN[I L?F;NCP; Y ?RJL?MM[I o?G M?LPC\Ip ?MNX ;NL?F;>;
Y >C@?L?H=C;\[I >; MO; MCAHC@C=;\[I J?H;F GCFCN;L >; MO; =IGJL??HM[I J;L;
@CHM >? CH@ILNOH_MNC=; V GOCNI =IGOG ; =IHMNLO\[I >? KO? J;L; @CHM
;=C>?HNXLCIM >? CH@ILNOH_MNC=; I ;=C>?HN? MI@LC>I HI NL;D?NI =IGJL??H>C>I
?HNL? ; =;M; ? I FI=;F >? NL;<;FBI ? PC=?
P?LM; ?MNX CH=FOMI H; >?@CHC\[I >?
;=C>?HN? ?G M?LPC\I IO ;=C>?HN? in itinere +I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI JIL ?R
?GJFI ?MM; =IGJL??HM[I ?MNX ?RJL?MM; HI !?=L?NI H FAOHM
?MNO>CIMIM HI ?HN;HNI <OM=;G ;F;LA;L ?MM; =IGJL??HM[I J;L; I !CL?CNI

-?H;F *CFCN;L >? MILN? KO? =IHMC>?L;G =LCG? GCFCN;L ; =IH>ON; JL;NC=;>; in
itinere I KO? M? >?GIHMNL; ?KOCPI=;>I =IH>C\[I >? ?MN;L ?G M?LPC\I ?G
L;T[I >I CNCH?LXLCI >?P? L?MNLCHACL
M? Y M?;L; >; CH@ILNOH_MNC=; H[I

;<L;HA?H>I I !CL?CNI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? M;FPI M? BIOP?L ;>?M[I Y @OH\[I

=IGIP?L?GIM;<;CRIOMKO?GIM>ICM?R?GJFIM
OG GCFCN;L P;C >? MO; L?MC>^H=C; J;L; I KO;LN?F >? <C=C=F?N; ? HI

=;GCHBI ?M<;LL; ?G OG; J?MMI; =;OM;H>I
FB? OG; @L;NOL; ; F?M[I JLIPI
=;>; H[I M?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L JICM H[I =IGJL??H>C>; H; ;F_H?; c >I CH=CMI &&
>I ;LN I >I -* >C@?L?HN? M?LC; M? ;CH>; ?G >?MFI=;G?HNI J;L; I KO;LN?F
I GCFCN;L M? >?J;L;MM? =IG OG LIOI JIL;>?M[IY@OH\[I N?L_;GIMOG=LCG?GCFCN;L
?MM; =IGJL??HM[I >? ; MCNO;\[I in itinere H[I ;JLIP?CN;L ;I

!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L JI>? M?L ?MN?H>C>; J;L; =LCG?M >I CH=CMI & >I ;LN I
KO? ?RCD;G J;L; MO; JLXNC=; ; =IH>C\[I >? M?LPC\I ] I =;MI >I >?FCNI >? ?G
<LC;AO?T KO? MIG?HN? M? =IH@CAOL; M? I GCFCN;L ;JL?M?HN;L

M? ?G<LC;A;>I
J;L; NCL;L I M?LPC\I IO ?G<LC;A;L
M? >OL;HN? I M?LPC\I JILN;HNI OG GCFCN;L
KO? M? >CLCD; ;I KO;LN?F @;L>;>I ;LG;>I ? HI =;GCHBI M? ?G<LC;AO? H[I
?MN;LX?GJLXNC=;>I>?FCNI>??G<LC;AO?T =;JCNOF;>IHI;LN >I -*
CHIP;\[I >; MOJL;=CN;>; )?C H @IC ?R;N;G?HN? I ;=
L]M=CGI >; ?RJL?MM[I o;NO;H>I ?G L;T[I >; @OH\[Ip I KO? JIMMC<CFCN; ; =;L;
=N?LCT;\[I >I =LCG? GCFCN;L H; ;F_H?; c G?MGI KO? ?F? ?MN?D; >? @IFA; >?M>?
KO? ;D; ?G L;T[I >? M?O I@_=CI IO =IGI GOCNI <?G ;MMCH;F; 'ILA? ]M;L >?
MMCM ?G L;T[I >I dever jurdico de agir I KO;F ] =IH=?CNO;>I J?FI G?MNL?
=IGI ;KO?F? ?G KO? I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L >? @IFA; o=IG?N? I @;NI >?FCNOIMI JIL
N?L
M? =IFI=;>I ?G M?LPC\I CHN?LPCH>I HOG; MCNO;\[I >? @F;ALZH=C;p[519]
CMMI JIL CGJIMC\[I F?A;F >IM ;LNM >I -- ? >I --* >CMJIMCNCPIM
KO?CGJd?GI>?P?L>?;\[IHIM=;MIM>?@F;AL;HN?>?FCNI
!?P?
M? NI>;PC; =IHMCAH;L OG; L?MM;FP; ?G L?F;\[I ; ?MM; =IH>ON;
>?M?H=;>?;>; J?FI dever jurdico de agir "G HIMMI ?HN?H>?L ; PCH=OF;\[I

>?MM? >?P?L Y ;\[I >I GCFCN;L >?P? M?L =F;L; ? CH?KO_PI=; MMCG J;L; M? L?
=IHB?=?L ; adeso ao servio H[I JI>? ?RCMNCL JLIP; >? KO? I GCFC=C;HI
N?HB; ;NO;>I JIL OG CHN?L?MM? =IG?TCHBI PCH=OF;>I Y ;ONI>?@?M; IO Y JLI
N?\[I J?MMI;F IO J;NLCGIHC;F >? OG ?GJL?A;>IL HIN;>;G?HN? HIM =;MIM >I

?R?L=_=CI >? ;NCPC>;>?M >? M?AOL;H\; ?MNL;HB;M Y ILJIL;\[I In exemplis I

-IFC=C;F *CFCN;L KO? =IG?N? I >?FCNI H; JLIN?\[I >I J;NLCGbHCI >?

?GJL?MXLCI JIL KO?G @IC =IHNL;N;>I H[I ?MN;LX ;NO;H>I ?G L;T[I >; CG
JIMC\[I >? OG >?P?L CH?L?HN? ;I =;LAI G;M MCGJF?MG?HN? J;L; G;HN?L I NL;
<;FBI =IGI M?AOL;H\; J;LNC=OF;L 1;GJIO=I B;P?LX ;>?M[I HI =;MI >I GCFCN
;L >I "MN;>I KO? >?@?H>; MO; PC>; +IN?

M? KO? H[I BX I ?R?L=_=CI >? OG >?
P?L G;M ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ;\[I @;=OFN;>; J?FI !CL?CNI HIM =B;G;>IM tipos
permissivos F?A_NCG; >?@?M; ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?N= *;M G?MGI ?G
;NCPC>;>? ?RNL;=ILJIL;\[I ?G ;FAOG;M MCNO;\d?M JI>? B;P?L I =LCG? GCFCN
;L JIL]G ?G =CL=OHMNZH=C;M >CP?LM;M MMCG JIL ;JFC=;\[I >; ;F_H?; c >I CH
=CMI && JL;NC=;LX =LCG? GCFCN;L ?G L;T[I >I >?P?L DOL_>C=I >? ;\[I I GCFCN;L
KO? ?R?=ON; ;NCPC>;>? J;LNC=OF;L >? M?AOL;H\; ?G OG ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI
=IG?L=C;F ? J?L=?<?H>I OG LIOI CGJ?>CL I =LCG? ;>?LCH>I ;I M?LPC\I 1;G<]G ?MN;LX ?G

JLXNC=; >? >?FCNI GCFCN;L G;M ;AIL; J?F; ;JFC=;\[I >; ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && I
GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; KO? ?R?L=?H>I ;NCPC>;>? >? M?AOL;H\; JLCP;>; L?;A? ; OG
LIO?HN?
G?HN? N;G<]G GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; m ;F?LN?

M? KO? H; HIMM; PCM[I J;L; KO? ?MN?
eFNCGI ?R?GJFI M? NILH? =LCG? GCFCN;L ] JL?=CMI KO? I MOD?CNI ;NCPI M;C<; >;
=IH>C\[I>?GCFCN;L>;;NCP;>IMOD?CNIJ;MMCPI
/?MM;FN?
M? KO? ?MM; >CM=OMM[I J?L>? ; CGJILNZH=C; M? I =LCG? >I
FIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; @IL JL;NC=;>I =IHNL; =CPCF IO ?G KO;FKO?L >?FCNI M? ; P_
NCG; @IL GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; +I JLCG?CLI =;MI B;D; IO H[I ;<L;HA^H=C; J?F;
;F_H?; c IO M?D; M? =LCG? GCFCN;L IO =IGOG HI ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F I DOFA;
G?HNI M?LX >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC JIL @IL\; >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I
>I ;LN I >I -* ? ;AIL; =IG<CH;>I =IG I g I >I ;LN >; # +I M?
AOH>I B;P?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L CH>?J?H>?HN?G?HN? >; ;NCPC>;>? ?MNL;HB; Y

ILJIL;\[IIO>;;ONI>?@?M; JIL@IL\;>;;F_H?; a =IGIDX;@CLG;GIM
;F_H?; ?G ?MNO>I N;G<]G =;L;=N?LCT; I =LCG? =IGI GCFCN;L

KO;H>I JL;NC=;>I JIL GCFCN;L ?G =IGCMM[I >? H;NOL?T; GCFCN;L m ;KO?F; KO?
=IHMCMN? ?G OG ALOJI >? GCFCN;L?M >?MN;=;>IM J;L; ;NO;\[I ?MJ?=_@C=; >; CH
MNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L ; ?R?GJFI >? =IGCMM[I >? M?F?\[I =IG GCMM[I >? L?=?<C
G?HNI >? G;N?LC;F <]FC=I ?N= ]FCI )I<[I NL;T =OLCIM; =IGJL??HM[I >I 01#

HI M?HNC>I >? KO? OG ,@C=C;F >; *;LCHB; ;F?AIO ?MN;L ?G =IGCMM[I >?
H;NOL?T; GCFCN;L ;I JL;NC=;L BIGC=_>CI =IHNL; MO; ?MJIM; HI CHN?LCIL >? OG
BIN?F HIM "MN;>IM 2HC>IM JILKO;HNI ?L; CHN?AL;HN? >? OG; NLCJOF;\[I >?
=IHNL;NILJ?>?CLI , -L?NaLCI "R=?FMI ;@;MNIO ; CH=C>^H=C; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L
OG; P?T KO? I L]O H[I M? ;=B;P; HI ?R?L=_=CI >? MO; @OH\[I[520] -LIMM?AO?
]FCI )I<[I >;H>I MO; J?=OFC;L PCM[I HI M?HNC>I >? KO? ; oH;NOL?T; GCFCN;L
>; =IGCMM[I ?RCA? KO? M?D; JLaJLC; >? CHN?AL;HN? >? CHMNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L ? KO?
I ;A?HN? =IGI L?MOFN; >; >?=CM[I >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F ;=CG;
=CN;>; ?R?L\; ?@?NCP;G?HN? ; =IGCMM[I >? H;NOL?T; GCFCN;L HI GIG?HNI >I
=LCG?p[521]
,OM;GIM >CM=IL>;L >; PCM[I >I ;ONIL IG ?@?CNI I =;MI ;H;FCM;>I
H[I M? ?HKO;>L;LC; H; ;F_H?; c G;M H[I J?FI I@C=C;F H[I ?MN;L HI ?R?L=_=CI >;
=IGCMM[I ? MCG J?FI @;NI >? M?L ?F? CHN?AL;HN? >? OG; NLCJOF;\[I >? =IHNL;N
ILJ?>?CLI KO? H[I M? ?HKO;>L; H; >?@CHC\[I >? o=IGCMM[I >? H;NOL?T;

GCFCN;Lp >?P?H>I
M? P?LC@C=;L M? I GCFCN;L ?MN;P; >? M?LPC\I IO >? @IFA; I KO?
?L; I =;MI +[I HIM J;L?=? ;>?KO;>I ?HN?H>?L KO? J;L; M? ?HKO;>L;L H; ?R
JL?MM[I ?G o=IGCMM[I >? H;NOL?T; GCFCN;Lp >?P; I GCFCN;L ?MN;L ?@?NCP;G?HN?
HI ?R?L=_=CI JICM ?MN;LC; H?MM; MCNO;\[I o?G M?LPC\Ip J?L>?H>I M?HNC>I ;

G?H\[I F?A;F >; ?RJL?MM[I o=IGCMM[I >? H;NOL?T; GCFCN;Lp +; P?L>;>?
;KO?F? KO? ?MNX ?@?NCP;G?HN? ;NO;H>I H; =IGCMM[I ?MN;LX ?G M?LPC\I JILN
;HNI ?HKO;>L;>I H; JLCG?CL; J;LN? >; ;F_H?; c ?RJL?MM[I o=IGCMM[I >?

H;NOL?T; GCFCN;Lp >?P? M?L ;JFC=;>; MO<MC>C;LC;G?HN? J;L; =;MIM ?MJ?=_@C=IM
? H[I KO;H>I I GCFCN;L ?MNCP?L ?@?NCP;G?HN? HI ?R?L=_=CI >; @OH\[I >?MNCH;>;
Y =IGCMM[I &G;ACH?GIM JIL ?R?GJFI OG; =IGCMM[I >? I@C=C;CM KO?
?GJL??H>;G PC;A?G ;IM "MN;>IM 2HC>IM J;L; HI M?CI >? OG; =IGCMM[I ?M
J?=C;FG?HN? GIHN;>; J;L; CMMI ?MNO>;L ? ;JL??H>?L ; N?=HIFIAC; >? OG HIPI

MCMN?G; >? =IGOHC=;\[I J;L; ; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >? OG "MN;>I =;MI OG >IM
I@C=C;CM JL;NCKO? OG; F?M[I =ILJIL;F H; ;NO;\[I >; =IGCMM[I B;P?LX =LCG?
GCFCN;L JIL ?HKO;>L;L

M? H; JLCG?CL; J;LN? >; ;F_H?; c IO M?D; =LCG? JL;NC=
;>I JIL OG GCFCN;L ?G M?LPC\I NI>;PC; M? ; F?M[I @IL JL;NC=;>; @IL; >; ;NO
;\[I >; =IGCMM[I JIL]G HI =OLMI >; PC;A?G IO G?MGI HIM "MN;>IM 2H
C>IM G;M HI J?L_I>I >? L?JIOMI >I I@C=C;F H[I H; @OH\[I >; =IGCMM[I I

@;NI N;G<]G M?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L G;M ;AIL; ?G L;T[I >; ?RJL?MM[I o=IGCMM[I
>?H;NOL?T;GCFCN;Lp
#CH;FG?HN? ; ;F_H?; c =IHMC>?L; I =LCG? GCFCN;L KO;H>I JL;NC=;>I

JIL GCFCN;L ?G @ILG;NOL; , GCFCN;L ?G MO;M ;NCPC>;>?M =INC>C;H;M H?G
M?GJL? ?MN;LX HI >?M?GJ?HBI >; @OH\[I KO? ; ?F? @IC >?MCAH;>; JLI@CMMCIH
;FG?HN? J?F; CHMNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L >?P?H>I N;G<]G @;T?L J;LN? >? OG =OFNI
NL;>C=CIH;F ; OG LCNO;F GCFCN;L =B;G;>I @ILG;NOL; #ILG;NOL; JI>? M?L

NL;>OTC>; =IGI ; L?OHC[I >? GCFCN;L?M >?PC>;G?HN? =IG;H>;>IM ? ?G >CM
JIMC\[I >?@CHC>; HI N?LL?HI ?G KO? M? JL?MN; BIG?H;A?G >? ;=IL>I =IG

=?LCGIHC;F JL??MN;<?F?=C>I ; ;FAOG; J?MMI; IO @;NI MMCG I o=IH=?CNI >?
@ILG;NOL;p =IGI F?G<L; ]FCI )I<[I o;<L;HA? IM >?M@CF?M GCFCN;L?M IM NL?
CH;G?HNIM J;L; ?MM?M >?M@CF?M ?N=p[522] -IL ?R?GJFI I GCFCN;L KO? CHN?A
L;H>I ?@?NCPI >; @ILG;NOL; >I !C; >; -XNLC; H[I M?H>I M?O >C; L?AOF;L >?
M?LPC\I JL;NC=;F?Md?M=ILJIL;CM?GOG;J?MMI;
=?L=; >I =IH@FCNI ;J;L?HN? ?HNL? I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ? I a>CAI

>? 1LZHMCNI L;MCF?CLI DX =IHMCAH;GIM HIMM; PCM[I KO;H>I >IM =IG?HNXLCIM Y
;F_H?; a J;L; IH>? L?G?N?GIM I F?CNIL ;<? ;KOC OG; eHC=; I<M?LP;\[I HI
M?HNC>I >? @LCM;L KO? ; ;F_H?; ?G ?MNO>I G?H=CIH; ; =IH>C\[I o?G M?LPC\Ip ?
H[I =IG oPC;NOL; GCFCN;Lp MMCG J;L; ;KO?F?M KO? ?HN?H>?G B;P?L ; JL?
P;F^H=C; >I -* KO? H[I ] HIMMI =;MI ] JL?=CMI F?G<L;L KO? OG GCFCN;L
JI>? ?MN;L =IG PC;NOL; G;M H[I ?MN;L >? M?LPC\I JIL N^
F; JIL ?R?GJFI @OL
N;>I J;L; ONCFCT;L ? L?MNCNOCL FIAI ;JaM @;NI KO? JI>? M?L MO<MOGC>I HI ;LN
>I -* m @OLNI >? OMI -IL IONLI F;>I ] JIMM_P?F KO? OG GCFCN;L >I
"MN;>I ;I ;=IGJ;HB;L ;FAO]G KO? N?HB; JL;NC=;>I OG =LCG? ONCFCT;H>I
M?
I GCFCN;L >? OG P?_=OFI J;LNC=OF;L KO? L?KOCMCNIO ?MN;LX ?G M?LPC\I =IG OG
P?_=OFI;ONIGINILKO?H[IM?NL;N;>?PC;NOL;GCFCN;L
Alnea d do inciso II do art. 9 I do CPM. ;F_H?; d >I CH
=CMI && >I ;LN I >CMJd? KO? M? =IH@CAOL; =LCG? GCFCN;L I JL;NC=;>I oJIL GCF
CN;L >OL;HN? I J?L_I>I >? G;HI<L;M IO ?R?L=_=CI =IHNL; GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP;
IO L?@ILG;>I IO ;MM?G?FB;>I IO =CPCFp =IH@CAOL;H>I
M? ?G =LCG? GCFCN;L
J?FI=LCN]LCI ratione temporis

&HC=C;GIM =IHMCAH;H>I I ?HN?H>CG?HNI >? ]FCI )I<[I >? KO? ?MM;

;F_H?; =IHN]G OG; ?MJ]=C? >I A^H?LI oM?LPC\Ip I KO? ; L?G?N?LC; CHMN;H
N;H?;G?HN? J;L; ; JL?PCM[I >; ;F_H?; ;HN?LCIL[523] V JIMM_P?F NI>;PC;

CG;ACH;L OG; MCNO;\[I ?G KO? servio H[I M? =IH@OH>? =IG perodo de
manobras ou exerccio , J?L_I>I >? G;HI<L;M IO ?R?L=_=CI >?P? M?L ?HN?H
>C>I =IGI I ?MJ;\I N?GJIL;F =IGJL??H>C>I ?HNL? I ;JLIHN;G?HNI >; NLIJ;

;N]MO;FC<?L;\[I
*OCNI =IGOG MI<L?NO>I H;M #IL\;M LG;>;M ; ?R?=O\[I >? G;H
I<L;M IO ?R?L=_=CIM NXNC=IM J;L; ;>?MNL;G?HNI >; NLIJ; ; ?R?GJFI >IM ;=;G
J;G?HNIM ?G =;GJIM >? NCLI J;L; ; <OM=; >; ?R=?F^H=C; >; NLIJ; >? LNCF
B;LC; ; ultima ratio regis +?MM?M =;MIM I<PC;G?HN? >OL;HN? I >?M?HPIFPC
G?HNI >I ?R?L=_=CI JLIJLC;G?HN? >CNI ?MN;L[I IM GCFCN;L?M ?HPIFPC>IM ?G

M?LPC\I M?H>I =ILL?N; ; FCHB; JIMNOF;>; JIL ]FCI )I<[I 1I>;PC; =IG I =;CL
>; HICN? ? I ?H=?LL;G?HNI >IM NL;<;FBIM ] JIMM_P?F KO? I =IG;H>;HN? >I
;=;GJ;G?HNI FC<?L? J;LN? >? M?O ?@?NCPI J;L; ?MJ;CL?=?L ?G OG PCF;L?DI
JLaRCGI I KO? IM ?R=FOCLX >; =IH>C\[I >? M?LPC\I L?G;H?M=?H>I JIL]G ;
=IH>C\[I >? ?MN;L?G ?G J?L_I>I >? ?R?L=_=CI HIMM; =IGJL??HM[I H?MM?
JIHNI GOCNI M? ;JLIRCG; >; >CMNCH\[I >;M ?RJL?MMd?M o?G M?LPC\Ip ? o=IGCM
M[I>?H;NOL?T;GCFCN;Lp KO?@CT?GIMH;;F_H?;;HN?LCIL
1;G<]G H?MN; ;F_H?; P?LC@C=;GIM =IGI MOD?CNI ;NCPI ; @CAOL; >I

GCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? ;I J;MMI KO? HI JIFI J;MMCPI JI>?LX ?MN;L
KO;FKO?LJ?MMI; ?R=?NIGCFCN;L>;;NCP; KO;H>IM?;JFC=;LC;;;F_H?; a
-IL oG;HI<L;p >?P?

M? =IGJL??H>?L oKO;FKO?L GIPCG?HN;\[I >;
OHC>;>? GCFCN;L >?MNCH;>; ;I NL?CH;G?HNI ; I=OJ;L JIMC\d?M ?G ?MN;>I >?
M_NCI >? >?@?M; J?LNOL<;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=;p ?N= o"R?L=_=CIp ] ;NCPC>;>?
>?MNCH;>; ;I JL?J;LI @_MC=I >I GCFCN;L ;I NL?CH;G?HNI GCFCN;L ;I NL?CH;
G?HNI GCFCN;L >; NLIJ; CH=FOCH>I ; ONCFCT;\[I >? ;J;L?FB;G?HNI <]FC=I

?N=[524]
JLIJaMCNI >; ;AL?MM[I =IHNL; GOFB?L HI <IDI >; L?F;\[I =IHDOA;F

?N= ?MN;H>I I MOD?CNI ;NCPI ?G J?L_I>I >? ?R?L=_=CI IO G;HI<L; MOM=CN;H>I
I =IH@FCNI =IG ; )?C H ?HN?H>?GIM KO? M? I @;NI I=ILL?L HI

CHN?LCIL >I KO;LNI >? BIN?F JIL ?R?GJFI I ,@C=C;F >? IGCMM[I >? 0?F?\[I CN
CH?L;HN? KO? F?PIO ; ?MJIM; =IHMCAI ? M? BIMJ?>IO ?G OG BIN?F ;CH>; KO?

;G<IM GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; =IGI ?RJOM?GIM H; ;F_H?; a NL;N;L
M?
X >? =LCG?
=IGOG 1I>;PC; M? ?MM; ;AL?MM[I @IL JL;NC=;>; @IL; >I ;G<C?HN? >I F;L JIL
?R?GJFI HI L?@?CNaLCI >; 2HC>;>? >? MILN? KO? @L;ACFCT? ; BC?L;LKOC; ? ; >CM
=CJFCH; B;P?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L J?F; ;JFC=;\[I >; ;F_H?; a M? ;G<IM @IL?G GCF
CN;L?M>;;NCP; IO>;;F_H?; d M?IMOD?CNIJ;MMCPI@IL=CPCFIOGCFCN;LCH;NCPI
=?L=; >I =IH@FCNI ;J;L?HN? ?HNL? I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ? I a>CAI

>? 1LZHMCNI L;MCF?CLI DX =IHMCAH;GIM HIMM; PCM[I KO;H>I >IM =IG?HNXLCIM Y
;F_H?; a J;L;IH>?L?G?N?GIMIF?CNIL
Alnea e do inciso II do art. 9 I do CPM. -IL

>?LL;>?CLI[525] ; ;F_H?; e >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >CMJd? KO? M?LX =LCG? GCF
CN;L I JL;NC=;>I oJIL GCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? IO ;MM?G?FB;>I =IH
NL; I J;NLCGbHCI MI< ; ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L IO ; IL>?G ;>GCHCMNL;NCP;

GCFCN;Lp =IH@CAOL;H>I
M??G=LCG?GCFCN;LJ?FI=LCN]LCI ratione materiae
1;G<]G M? N?G I GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IGI MOD?CNI ;NCPI ? =IGI MOD?CNI
J;MMCPI ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L F?M;>; ?G M?O J;NLCGbHCI IO ?G MO; IL>?G
;>GCHCMNL;NCP; #LCM?
M? KO? J;L; KO? I =LCG? M?D; MO<MOGC>I H; ;F_H?; e >I
CH=CMI&&>I;LN I H[IJI>?LXN?L=IGIMOD?CNIJ;MMCPIOG;J?MMI;H;NOL;F
, J;NLCGbHCI MI< ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L ;<L;HA? ;F]G >IM <?HM
J?LN?H=?HN?M Y #IL\; *CFCN;L IM >? JLIJLC?>;>? >? J?MMI;M H;NOL;CM ?

DOL_>C=;M KO? JIL ;FAOG; L;T[I ?H=IHNL;G
M? MI< L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >; >
GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L ,<PC;G?HN? ;KOC H[I M? ?HKO;>L;G IM <?HM >? ?H
NC>;>?M =CPCM ;CH>; KO? =IGJIMN;M JIL GCFCN;L?M ? A =FO<?M ;MMI=C;\d?M

=IIJ?L;NCP;M?N=[526]
-IL IL>?G ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; GCFCN;L >?P?
M? ?HN?H>?L ; JLaJLC; B;L
GIHC; >; CHMNCNOC\[I ;<L;HA?H>I MO; ;>GCHCMNL;\[I I >?=ILI >? M?OM CHN?A
L;HN?M ?N= MMCG >?FCNIM =IHNL; ; IL>?G ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; GCFCN;L M[I o;M CH
@L;\d?M KO? ;NCHA?G ; ILA;HCT;\[I ?RCMN^H=C; ? @CH;FC>;>? >; CHMNCNOC\[I

<?G=IGIIJL?MN_ACIGIL;F>;;>GCHCMNL;\[Ip[527]

IGI ?R?GJFI >?MM; ;F_H?; NIG?

M? I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L >? @IFA; KO?
J;MM;H>I >?@LIHN? ; OG; PC;NOL; >? JIFC=C;G?HNI ?MN;=CIH;>; ;I F;>I >?
OG; <;M? =IGOHCNXLC; >?=C>? JIL CHM;NCM@;\[I M;F;LC;F IO IONL; GINCP;\[I
>;HC@C=;LIP?_=OFII@C=C;F=IGOG<FI=I>?=IH=L?NI
*OCNIM ?HKO;>L;G IM =LCG?M =IHNL; ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L ?G
OG; >;M ;F_H?;M ;HN?LCIL?M KO;H>I H; P?L>;>? I ?HKO;>L;G?HNI >?P?LC;
M?L H?MN? >CMJIMCNCPI "R?GJFC@C=;NCP;G?HN? KO;H>I OG -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L >?

M?LPC\I ?RCA? P;HN;A?G CH>?PC>; >? OG =CPCF BX OG; @ILN? N?H>^H=C; ?G MO<
MOGCL I @;NI H; ;F_H?; c >I CH=CMI && I KO? M? NILH; CGJIMM_P?F JICM I =CPCF
H[I ] MOD?CNI J;MMCPI >I =LCG? >? =IH=OMM[I ;LN >I -* ? MCG ; >
GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L "MM; PCM[I HIN?

M? N;G<]G CH@FO?H=C; H;M 'OMNC\;M
*CFCN;L?M "MN;>O;CM ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI HIM N?LGIM >; CHIP;\[I >I
DO_TI GIHI=LXNC=I NL;TC>; J?F; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H
JI>?H>I
M? ;@CLG;L KO? IM =LCG?M =IHNL; ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L JIL H[I
M?L?G =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M =IHNL; =CPCF M[I >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI >IM
IHM?FBIM>?'OMNC\; ?H[I>I'OCT>?!CL?CNI >?@ILG;GIHI=LXNC=;
"MM; KO?MN[I HIN?

M? DX ?MNX L?F;NCP;G?HN? J;=C@C=;>; HI "MN;>I >?
0[I -;OFI , 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ;=?L=; >I ;MMOHNI F;PLIO I
M?AOCHN?;=aL>[I
o-L?P;F^H=C; >; >GCHCMNL;\[I =IGI MOD?CNI J;MMCPI >IM CF_=CNIM

J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M =IHNL; ?F; JL;NC=;>IM ;CH>; KO? >? @ILG; =IH=IGCN;HN? IO
M?=OH>XLC; =CPCM N;G<]G @CAOL?G =IGI MOD?CNIM J;MMCPIM >?MM?M =LCG?M

CHN?LJL?N;\[I >I ;LNCAI g I >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F ;FN?L;>I J?F;
"G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H ] >? KO? IM DOFA;G?HNIM >IM >?HIGCH;>IM
q LCG?M =IHNL; ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;Lr >?P?G =IHNCHO;L ; M?L L?;FCT;>IM
J?FIM IHM?FBIM >? 'OMNC\;p J -LI= H ; O>CN
ILC; L?F ?F#?LH;H>I-?L?CL; D

;
ZG;L; >?=CM[IOHZHCG?
"G IONL; I=;MC[I ; -LCG?CL; ZG;L; >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L
>? 0[I -;OFI M?AOCO ; G?MG; =IGJL??HM[I ;HOF;H>I IONLI DOFA;>I ILCOH>I
>; ; O>CNILC; J -LI= H L?F "P;HCL #?LL?CL;

;MNCFBI D

ZG;L; >?=CM[I OHZHCG? MI; H?
=?MMC>;>?>?@I=IHI<?GDOL_>C=I;@?N;>I
;
MMCG>CMJbMIL=aL>[I
o+?MN? J;MMI OLA? ?H@I=;L

M? I "* '2/v!& , F?M;>I IO
;G?;\;>I J?FINCJIJ?H;F
+I =;MI ?G ?MNO>I NL;N;

M? >; !*&+&01/Uk, *&)&1/ ;
HIMMI ?HN?H>CG?HNI /?@F?R;G?HN? OG =CPCF OG; J?MMI; DOL_>C=; ?GJL?M;
>? FIN?;G?HNI JI>?LC; M?L ;JIHN;>; =IGI F?M;>I IO G?MGI
-/"'2!& !,
MMCG @IL\IMI ] =IHPCL KO? ?G M?H>I I "* '2/v!& , F?M;>I ;

!*&+&01/Uk,
*&)&1/
CH=FOMCP?
;
@OH\[I
Je<FC=;
>I
,+ 200&,+u/&, I CHN?L?MM? JLIN?AC>I H[I ] I >I =CPCF KO? H?G G?MGI
N?P?M?OJ;NLCGbHCI;G?;\;>I ?GN?M?
#CR;
M? ; =IGJ?N^H=C; J?FI CHN?L?MM? IO "* '2/v!& , JLIN?AC>I
J?FI NCJI J?H;F !*&+&01/Uk, *&)&1/ H[I I<MN;HN? @CAOL;L HI
JIFIJ;MMCPIOG;?GJL?M; OG;J?MMI;@_MC=; IOOG=CPCFp
,ONLI ?R?GJFI CHN?L?MM;HN? ;@?NI Y ;F_H?; e ?MNX HI =LCG? =;JCNO
F;>I HI ;LN >I -* KO? NL;N; >; @OA; >? JL?MI IO CHN?LH;>I %X I ?H
N?H>CG?HNI G;DILCNXLCI CGJIMNI J?F; 0eGOF; >I 01' >? KO? N;F =LCG?
MIG?HN? M?LC; GCFCN;L M? I @;NI ;@?N;MM? ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L JILKO;HNI
HIM N?LGIM >I ?HOH=C;>I o IGJ?N? Y 'OMNC\; IGOG "MN;>O;F JLI=?MM;L ?
DOFA;L I -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L JIL =LCG? >? JLIGIP?L IO @;=CFCN;L ; @OA; >? JL?MI >?
?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI J?H;Fp L?MNLCHACH>I
M? I =LCG? >I ;LN JILN;HNI ; @;NIM
I=ILLC>IM ?G ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI J?H;F GCFCN;L IO HI =OLMI >? OG; ?M=IFN; GCF
CN;L DX KO? Ma ;MMCG ;@?N;LC;G ; IL>?G ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; GCFCN;L "MM; PCM[I

L?MM;FN?
M? J;L?=? ?H=IHNL;L FOA;L =IGOG H; JLXNC=; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L +I
"MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI JIL ?R?GJFI HIM #?CNIM H ; O>CNILC; >?
'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ; O>CNILC; >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L
; O>CNILC; >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ? ; O>CNILC; >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN
;L ?G<IL; @IMM? CHMN;OL;>I JLI=?>CG?HNI >? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L J;L;

;JOL;L @;=CFCN;\[I >? @OA; ?G JL?M_>CI =IGOG IM ;ONIM ?G NI>IM IM =;MIM

@IL;GL?G?NC>IMY'OMNC\; IGOG
#LCM?
M? KO? M? I @;NI ?H=IHNL;L
M? MO<MOGC>I H; ;F_H?; e H[I
B;P?LX =IH@FCNI =IG I a>CAI >? 1LZHMCNI H?G =IG ; o)?C *;LC; >; -?HB;p
)?C H PCMNI KO? IM >?FCNIM ;KOC ?HKO;>L;>IM H[I N?L[I J?MMI;
H;NOL;F =IGIDX>CNI =IGIMOD?CNIJ;MMCPI
!O;M I<M?LP;\d?M J;L?=?G M?L =IHP?HC?HN?M =IG I @CG >I ?MNO>I >;
eFNCG;;F_H?;>ICH=CMI&&>I;LN I
B;PC; ;CH>; HI -* ; ;F_H?; f KO? =IHMC>?L;P; NL;N;L

M? >? =LCG?
GCFCN;L I @;NI JL;NC=;>I =IG I ?GJL?AI >? ;LG;G?HNI IO >? G;N?LC;F <]FC=I
>CMJIMCNCPI H[I G;CM ?G PCAIL JIL ?RJL?MM; L?PIA;\[I NL;TC>; J?F; )?C H

BX =LCG?M KO? JI>?L[I M?L =IHMC>?L;>IM GCFCN;L?M J?F; ;JFC=;\[I

;FN?LH;NCP; >? NI>;M ;M ;F_H?;M =IGI ?R?GJFI I =LCG? >? @OLNI ;LN >I
-* KO? M?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L KO;H>I JL;NC=;>I JIL GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IHNL;
GCFCN;L H; G?MG; MCNO;\[I ;CH>; KO? @IL; >? FOA;L MOD?CNI Y >GCHCMNL;\[I
*CFCN;L ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I KO;H>I JL;NC=;>I JIL GCFCN;L >;
;NCP; ;CH>; KO? >? @IFA; =IHNL; OG =CPCF G;M HI CHN?LCIL >I KO;LN?F ;F_H?; b
>I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I JIL OG GCFCN;L >? M?LPC\I M?G ;NO;L ?G L;T[I >;
@OH\[I IO JL?P;F?=?H>I
M? >? @;=CFC>;>? JIL ?F; NL;TC>; J;L; KO? H[I M? =IH
@CAOL? I J?=OF;NI ;F_H?; c >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I JIL OG GCFCN;L ?G J?L_I>I
>? G;HI<L; IO ?R?L=_=CI M?G ;NO;L ?G L;T[I >; @OH\[I IO JL?P;F?=?H>I
M?
>? @;=CFC>;>? JIL ?F; NL;TC>; J;L; KO? H[I M? =IH@CAOL? I J?=OF;NI ;F_H?; d
>I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I JIL OG GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IHNL; I J;NLCGbHCI MI< ;
>GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L M?G ;NO;L ?G L;T[I >; @OH\[I IO JL?P;F?=?H>I
M? >?
@;=CFC>;>? JIL ?F; NL;TC>; J;L; KO? H[I M? =IH@CAOL? I J?=OF;NI m ?R?GJFI
OG GCFCN;L KO? >OL;HN? ; HICN? JOF; I GOLI >I KO;LN?F M?G M?L PCMNI CH
AL?MM; H; L?M?LP; >? ;LG;M ? MO<NL;C OG; ;LG; J?LN?H=?HN? Y CHMNCNOC\[I GCF
CN;L;F_H?; e >ICH=CMI&&>I;LN I
Inciso III do art. 9 I do CPM. -;MM?GIM ;AIL; ;I ?MNO>I >I CH
=CMI&&&>I;LN I >I -*

IHMCAH; ?MN? CH=CMI KO? N;G<]G M[I =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ?G N?GJI >?
J;T IM oJL;NC=;>IM JIL GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; IO L?@ILG;>I IO JIL =CPCF =IHNL;
;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M =IHMC>?L;H>I
M? =IGI N;CM H[I Ma IM =IGJL??H
>C>IM HI CH=CMI & =IGI IM >I CH=CMI &&p[528] ? J;MM; ; ;LLIF;L ;M ;F_H?;M
>?@CHC>IL;M>;M=IH>C\d?M?RCAC>;M
-LCG?CLI P;GIM ?HN?H>?L I N?RNI >I CH=CMI &&& CHC=C;H>I J?F; =IG
JL??HM[I >? GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; ? L?@ILG;>I =IG ; ;>P?LN^H=C; >? KO? =IGI
DX >CM=ILL?GIM HI ?MNO>I >; CHN?LJL?N;\[I ? CHN?AL;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L ?
H; ;F_H?; a >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I I ;AL?A;>I H[I ?MNX ;<L;HAC>I J?FI CH=CMI
?G;JL?\I >?P?H>IM?L=IHMC>?L;>IGCFCN;L>;;NCP;
, g I >I ;LN I >I "MN;NONI >IM *CFCN;L?M )?C H >?

?RJd? KO? IM GCFCN;L?M @?>?L;CM JI>?G ?H=IHNL;L
M? H; ;NCP; m
;<L;HA?H>I IM GCFCN;L?M >? =;LL?CL; IM CH=ILJIL;>IM YM #IL\;M LG;>;M
J;L; JL?MN;\[I >? M?LPC\I GCFCN;L CHC=C;F >OL;HN? IM JL;TIM JL?PCMNIM H; F?ACM
F;\[I KO? NL;N; >I M?LPC\I GCFCN;L IO >OL;HN? ;M JLILLIA;\d?M >;KO?F?M

JL;TIM IM =IGJIH?HN?M >; L?M?LP; >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M KO;H>I =IHPI=;>IM
L?CH=FO_>IM >?MCAH;>IM IO GI<CFCT;>IM IM ;FOHIM >? aLA[I >? @ILG;\[I >?
GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; ? >; L?M?LP; ? ?G N?GJI >? AO?LL; NI>I =C>;>[I
<L;MCF?CLI GI<CFCT;>I J;L; I M?LPC\I ;NCPI H;M #IL\;M LG;>;M m IO H; CH
;NCPC>;>? m ;<L;HA?H>I IM >; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; KO;H>I J?LN?H\;G Y L?
M?LP; >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M ? J?L=?<;G L?GOH?L;\[I >; 2HC[I JIL]G MOD?C
NIM ;CH>; Y JL?MN;\[I >? M?LPC\I H; ;NCP; G?>C;HN? =IHPI=;\[I IO GI<CFCT;
\[I IM L?@ILG;>IM KO;H>I N?H>I J;MM;>I JIL OG; >;M MCNO;\d?M ;HN?LCIL?M
?MN?D;G >CMJ?HM;>IM >?@CHCNCP;G?HN? >; JL?MN;\[I >? M?LPC\I H; ;NCP; G;M
=IHNCHO?G;J?L=?<?LL?GOH?L;\[I>;2HC[I
MMCG JI>?L_;GIM N?L IM GCFCN;L?M >; L?M?LP; ? L?@ILG;>IM =IGI
=IH=?CNIM IJIMNIM ;IM GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; IO M?D; GCFCN;L?M CH;NCPIM 2LA? ?H
N[I >C@?L?H=C;LIGCFCN;L>;L?M?LP;>IGCFCN;LL?@ILG;>I
*CFCN;L L?@ILG;>I ] ;KO?F? KO? >?CR;H>I I M?LPC\I ;NCPI H[I G;CM

JI>?LX M?L L?P?LNC>I L?AOF;LG?HN? ; ?MN? IGI J;LZG?NLI ;F]G >I DX =CN;>I
"MN;NONI >IM *CFCN;L?M NIG?
M? I ;LN >I !?=L?NI
)?C H >? >?

G;CI >? >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI KO? >CMJd? KO? L?@ILG; o] ; MCNO;\[I
>I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L >?@CHCNCP;G?HN? >?MFCA;>I >I M?LPC\I ;NCPI , ,@C=C;F ] L?
@ILG;>I ex officio ? -L;\; ; J?>C>I ? ex officio. -I>?GIM =CN;L =IGI ?R?G
JFI >? L?@ILG;>I I I@C=C;F >; ;NCP; KO? MI@L? OG ;=C>?HN? KO? I NILH? CH
=;J;T>?@CHCNCP;G?HN?J;L;IM?LPC\IGCFCN;L
=IH>C\[I >? GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; JIMMOC >O;M JIMMC<CFC>;>?M L?M?LP;
L?GOH?L;>;?L?M?LP;H[IL?GOH?L;>;
*CFCN;L >; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; ] ;KO?F? KO? N;G<]G >?CR;H>I I

M?LPC\I ;NCPI H[I I @;T >? @ILG; >?@CHCNCP; JI>?H>I B;P?L MO; L?P?LM[I =IH
PI=;\[I IO GI<CFCT;\[I +I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI BX OG; =OLCIM; L?;FC>;>?
H[I P?LC@C=;>; J;L; IM GCFCN;L?M @?>?L;CM ? J;L; ;M >?G;CM -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M ?

ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M KO;F M?D; I @;NI >? MIG?HN? I I@C=C;F JI>?L
CHAL?MM;L H; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; IO H[I JILKO;HNI ; JL;\; ;J?H;M ] CH
;NCP;>; J?FI ;NI >? L?@ILG; V I KO? M? ?RNL;C >I ;LN >I !?=L?NI
)?C H
KO? >CMJd? KO? o/?M?LP; ] ; MCNO;\[I >; CH;NCPC>;>? >I ,@C=C;F
MOD?CNI Y L?P?LM[I ;I M?LPC\I ;NCPI JI>?H>I M?L ; J?>C>I IO ex officio +IN?
M? KO? I >CMJIMCNCPI G?H=CIH; ;J?H;M I I@C=C;F ? H[I ; JL;\; "R?GJFC@C=
;NCP;G?HN? CHAL?MM; H; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; I I@C=C;F KO? =IGJF?N;L M?O

N?GJI >? M?LPC\I ? J?>CL MO; CH;NCP;\[I IO I ,@C=C;F KO? H; ;NCP; ? ;JaM M?L
;AL?A;>I J;L; =IH=ILL?L ; =;LAI ?F?NCPI JIMMOCH>I G;CM >? >?T ;HIM >? M?L
PC\I ;LN >; # M?D; >CJFIG;>I ?G =;LAI ?F?NCPI ;LN b >I "MN;NONI
>IM *CFCN;L?M KO? @;F; H; ?F?C\[I =IGI ;NI A?L;>IL >; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; ?
H[I Ma J;L; I@C=C;F G;M J;L; I GCFCN;L ?G A?L;F J?L=?<?H>I L?GOH?L;\[I
JLIJIL=CIH;F ;I M?O N?GJI H; CHMNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L >? @ILG; =OGOF;NCP; Y L?
GOH?L;\[I>?J;LF;G?HN;L JIMMC<CFC>;>?P?LC@C=;>;HIg>I;LN >; #

+I ZG<CNI >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI ; L?M?LP; H[I
L?GOH?L;>; =IHMCMN? H; CH;NCP;\[I >I GCFCN;L m ;J?H;M J;L; I I@C=C;F m JIL

;NI KO? =ILN? M?O P_H=OFI =IG ; CHMNCNOC\[I H[I JI>?H>I B;P?L MO; L?P?LM[I
;I M?LPC\I ;NCPI IGI ?R?GJFI I I@C=C;F KO? NIG? JIMM? ?G =;LAI Je<FC=I
>? H;NOL?T; =CPCF ? >? JLIPCG?HNI >?@CHCNCPI IO ;KO?F? KO? J?\; ?RIH?L;\[I
+?MM?M =;MIM I I@C=C;F ;CH>; >?N?LX I JIMNI ? ; J;N?HN? JIL]G ;J?H;M J;L;
?@?CNIMCG<aFC=I JIL?R?GJFI J;L;BIHL;M?=IHNCH^H=C;M
+;M#IL\;MLG;>;M HI?HN;HNI ;=IGJL??HM[I]>CP?LM;

+I "MN;NONI >IM *CFCN;L?M BX G?H\[I ?RJL?MM; ; L?M?LP; H[I L?GO
H?L;>; JIL ?R?GJFI I I@C=C;F >; ;NCP; KO? J;MM;L ; ?R?L=?L =;LAI IO
?GJL?AI Je<FC=I J?LG;H?HN? ?MNL;HBI Y MO; =;LL?CL; ;LN IHNO>I ;
F?NL; b >I CH=CMI & >I ;LN I >I "MN;NONI NL;T OG; =IH>C\[I CH>CPC>O;F >? L?
M?LP; >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M I<PC;G?HN? H[I L?GOH?L;>; J;L; NI>IM IM =C>
;>[IM ?G =IH>C\d?M >? =IHPI=;\[I IO >? GI<CFCT;\[I J;L; ; ;NCP; MMCG

JI>?GIM >CT?L KO? ; L?M?LP; H[I L?GOH?L;>; J;L; ;M #IL\;M LG;>;M JIMMOC
OG; ;<L;HA^H=C; G;CIL ? JIL L;Td?M a<PC;M ;NCHACH>I I =C>;>[I =IGOG
*;CM;CH>; ?MM;L?M?LP;H[IL?GOH?L;>;]=IHPI=XP?F?GI<CFCTXP?F
#?CN; ; >CMNCH\[I JI>?

M? ;@CLG;L KO? IM L?@ILG;>IM JI>?G @CAOL;L
=IGI MOD?CNI ;NCPI HIM N?LGIM >I CH=CMI &&& G;M ?MM; =IGJL??HM[I H[I ] N[I
NL;HKOCF;?GL?F;\[I;IGCFCN;L>;L?M?LP;
IGI M? >?HIN; >; F?CNOL; >I CH=CMI &&& ; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L H[I @;T
>CMNCH\[I ?HNL? L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; ? H[I L?GOH?L;>; >IH>? MOLA? ; CH>
;A;\[I M? ;G<IM JI>?LC;G M?L MOD?CNI ;NCPI H; =IH>C\[I >? GCFCN;L HIM N?L
GIM>ICH=CMI?G?MNO>I
IGI DX >?@?H>_;GIM H; JLCG?CL; ?>C\[I >?MN; I<L; ?HN?H>?GIM
CH;>?KO;>; ; ;JFC=;\[I >?MN? CH=CMI ;IM GCFCN;L?M >; L?M?LP; H[I
L?GOH?L;>; -;L?=?
HIM OG N;HNI KO;HNI ?R;A?L;>I JL?H>?L ?G @F;AL;HN?
JIL >?M;=;NI ; MOJ?LCIL ;LN >I -* JIL ?R?GJFI OG GCFCN;L KO? J?
>CO ?RIH?L;\[I >IM KO;>LIM >? OG; CHMNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L *;CM <CT;LL; ;CH>; ;
MCNO;\[I M? =IHMC>?L;LGIM KO? I MOD?CNI ;NCPI N?HB; NIG;>I JIMM? ?G IONLI
=;LAI Je<FC=I =IGI I >? -LI=OL;>IL >I "MN;>I ,L; M? I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CF
CN;L <OM=; G;HN?L ; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M >?P? L?MNLCHACL

M?
;IM =;MIM ?G KO? JIN?H=C;FG?HN? ?MM; L?AOF;LC>;>? JIMM; M?L ;@LIHN;>;
KO?F? KO? H[I JIMMOC M?KO?L P_H=OFI J?=OHCXLCI =IG ; CHMNCNOC\[I ?MNX CH
a=OI M?G JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? F?M;L JIL ?R?GJFI ; >CM=CJFCH; >IM KO;LN]CM
G?MGI KO? N?HN? @;T^
FI I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG JIMMOC CHMNLOG?HNIM J;L; ;
MO; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I P A I =LCG? >? >?M;=;NI m ;LN >I - -I>?LX
?P?HNO;FG?HN? L?MJIH>?L JIL >?FCNI GCFCN;L M?H>I JIL]G PCMNI =IGI =CPCF

+?MM; =IHMNLO\[I BX >? M? ;=L?M=?HN;L KO? I GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; H[I L?GO
H?L;>; H?G M?KO?L ?MNX MOD?CNI Y >CM=CJFCH; GCFCN;L JIL @IL\; >I /?AOF;
G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L M?H>I OG; CH=IHALO^H=C; CGJIL

FB? ; CHN?LP?H\[I J?H;F
G;CM AL;PIM; H; =IH>C\[I ?MJ?=_@C=; >? GCFCN;L CH;NCPI IGI eFNCGI ;LAO
G?HNI M? =IHMC>?L;LGIM I GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; H[I L?GOH?L;>; ?HKO;>L;>I

H; J;F;PL; oL?M?LP;p J;L; @CAOL;L =IGI MOD?CNI ;NCPI >I >?FCNI ?MN;L?GIM ?H
KO;>L;H>I H?MM; =IH>C\[I NI>IM IM =C>;>[IM ?G =IH>C\d?M >? M?L?G =IHPI
=;>IM IO GI<CFCT;>IM JICM HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN I >I "MN;NONI >IM *CFCN;L?M
=IGIPCGIM ?MN?MCHN?AL;G;L?M?LP;CH>CPC>O;F>;M#IL\;MLG;>;M
CH>; ; L?MJ?CNI >?MM? N?G; m L?M?LP; ? L?@ILG;>I JL;NC=;H>I

=LCG? GCFCN;L m BX I J?=OFC;L ?HN?H>CG?HNI >? ]FCI )I<[I J;L; KO?G ; F?C
?KOCJ;LIO I GCFCN;L CH;NCPI ;I =CPCF >? MILN? KO? I CH;NCPI =IGI I =CPCF H[I
JL;NC=;LC; =?LNIM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ; ?R?GJFI >I =LCG? >? PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; MO
J?LCIL JICM M? I =CPCF H[I N?G MOJ?LCIL JIL ?KOCJ;L;\[I F?A;F I GCFCN;L CH;N
CPIN;G<]GH[IIN?LC;!CTI;ONIL
o, CH=CMI &&& G?H=CIH; ;I F;>I >I =CPCF I GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; ? I L?
@ILG;>I KO? M[I =CPCM J;L; ?@?CNI >? ;JFC=;\[I >I a>CAI -?H;F =;MNL?HM?
JICM H[I ?MN[I CH=ILJIL;>IM YM #IL\;M LG;>;M Y -IF_=C; *CFCN;L ? ;I ILJI
>? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M IGI ?R=?\[I I GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; =IHPI=;>I J;L;
IM?LPC\I;NCPI;>KOCL?;=IH>C\[I>?GCFCN;Lp[529]
PCM[I >I ;ONIL N?G MC>I ;=IGJ;HB;>; ?G ;FAOHM DOFA;>IM =IGI
I =;MI >I DX =CN;>I /?=OLMI ?G Habeas Corpus H 0- DOFA;>I ?G >?

DOHBI >? MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI %;GCFNIH ;LP;FBC>I KO? ?G L?
MOGI ?KOCJ;LIO OG ;>PIA;>I GCFCN;L L?@ILG;>I ; =CPCF ?HN?H>?H>I KO?

H[IBIOP?JLXNC=;>?=LCG?GCFCN;L
+[I ] ?MM; ; HIMM; =IGJL??HM[I HI ?HN;HNI IGI M? J?L=?<? I
CH=CMI &&& JIMMC<CFCN; ; JLXNC=; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L JIL CH;NCPI N;HNI HIM =;MIM >?
=LCG?M ?HKO;>L;>IM HI CH=CMI & =IGI HI CH=CMI && @C=;H>I ; L?MNLC\[I >;
MOD?C\[I ;NCP; ; =;LAI >I NCJI J?H;F ?MJ?=_@C=I H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F MMCG OG
CH;NCPI JI>? JL;NC=;L I =LCG? GCFCN;L >? BIGC=_>CI =LCG? ;<L;HAC>I J?FI CH
=CMI && >I ;LN I JICM N?G M?G?FB;HN? >?@CHC\[I H;M F?CM J?H;CM =IGOG ?

GCFCN;L >?M>? KO? JL??H=BC>; OG; >;M ;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI &&& DX KO? I NCJI
J?H;F H[I L?MNLCHA? ; MOD?C\[I ;NCP; 1;G<]G JI>? JL;NC=;L I =LCG? >? PCIF
^H=C; =IHNL; MOJ?LCIL =LCG? ;<L;HAC>I J?FI CH=CMI & >I ;LN I JICM H[I JIM
MOC M?G?FB;HN? >?@CHC\[I H; F?C J?H;F =IGOG OG; P?T KO? I ;LN >I
-* ;I >?@CHCL I >?FCNI ?G<IL; L?MNLCHD; ; MOD?C\[I ;NCP; ;I MO<IL>CH;>I
?MN;<?F?=? KO? JI>? M?L JL;NC=;>I J?FI CH;NCPI KO? JIMMOC MOJ?LCIL BC?LXL
KOC=IH[II@OH=CIH;F
"G ;FAOHM =;MIM HI ?HN;HNI I NCJI J?H;F H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F L?
MNLCHA? ; MOD?C\[I ;NCP; ; JIHNI >? ?R=FOCL I CH;NCPI MMCG I =;MI >IM =LCG?M
KO? JIMMO;G ; J;F;PL; oGCFCN;Lp AL;@;>; HI NCJI J?H;F =IGI ; >?M?L\[I >I
;LN >I -* KO? JIL CHN?LJL?N;\[I >I ;LN >I -* =IGI DX >CMM?GIM
L?@?L?
M? ;J?H;M ;I GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; JI>?H>I ;J?H;M I CH;NCPI @CAOL;L =IGI
MOD?CNI ;NCPI HIM =;MIM >? =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M ;LN g I >I -* IO
KO;H>I ?KOCJ;L;>I ; GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; ;LN >I -* 1;G<]G M? ;@CAOL;G
H?MM? =;MI IM =LCG?M KO? JIMMO;G ; J;F;PL; o=IG;H>;HN?p =IGI I =;MI >I
=LCG? >? IGCMM[I >? MI=ILLI ;LN >I -* DX KO? I CH;NCPI H[I JI>? ?M
N;LHI>?M?GJ?HBI>?=IG;H>I
"MM; PCM[I HIN?
M? H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F NILH;
M? GOCNI CGJILN;HN?
JILKO;HNI =IGI P?L?GIM ; M?AOCL BX I ?HN?H>CG?HNI >IGCH;HN? >? KO? I
=CPCF H[I =IG?N? =LCG? GCFCN;L H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F >? MILN? KO? ?G OG;
?KOCJ;L;\[I F?A;F ;<MIFON; =IGI KO?L ]FCI )I<[I JI>?L
M?
C; ;@CLG;L KO?
I CH;NCPI H[I =IG?N? =LCG? GCFCN;L H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F +[I =IH=IL>;GIM
L?MM;FN?
M? G;CM OG; P?T =IG ?MM; PCM[I >?P?H>I ; ?KOCJ;L;\[I I=ILL?L
;J?H;M J;L; ; JLXNC=; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L J?FI CH;NCPI J?F; ?R=?\[I ?HN?H>;
M?
H;M=CL=OHMNZH=C;M>;M;F_H?;M>ICH=CMI&&&
!CP?LACH>I >I 01' vide DOFA;>I MOJL;=CN;>I HI "MN;>I >? 0[I
-;OFI ?HN?H>?
M? J?L@?CN;G?HN? JIMM_P?F ; JLXNC=; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L JIL CH;N
CPI M?G ; ?KOCJ;L;\[I JF?H; ; OG =CPCF IGI ?R?GJFI ;F]G >I ;=aL>[I >I
1'*0- ;N;=;>I J?FI /?=OLMI ?G Habeas Corpus ;JL?=C;>I J?FI 01' NIG?
M? I =;MI N;G<]G DX G?H=CIH;>I KO;H>I NL;N;GIM >; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F
?G L?F;\[I YM J?MMI;M >? OG MIF>;>I -* L?@ILG;>I I=OJ;HN? >I =;LAI >?
P?L?;>IL KO? @IC JL?MI ?G @F;AL;HN? >?FCNI J?F; JLXNC=; >? >?FCNI =;JCNOF;>I

HI ;LN >I -* >?M;=;NI ; MOJ?LCIL JIL N?L ?G N?M? JLI@?LC>I J;F;P
L;M =IG I CHNOCNI >? G?HIM=;<;L MOJ?LCIL BC?LXLKOC=I ONI >? -LCM[I ?G
#F;AL;HN? !?FCNI H -*&
"G<IL; N?HB; L?MN;>I =IH>?H;\[I
J?FI =LCG? >I ;LN >I -* >?M;=;NI ; GCFCN;L >? M?LPC\I I *CHCMN]LCI
-e<FC=I ?HN?H>?H>I ?RCMNCL?G CH>_=CIM >?FCNCPIM I@?L?=?L; ; >?HeH=C; >?PC
>;G?HN? L?=?<C>; J?FI >IONI 'OCT >? !CL?CNI >; 1?L=?CL; O>CNILC; >? 'OMNC\;
*CFCN;L "MN;>O;F ?G >? HIP?G<LI >? J?FI =LCG? >? >?M;=;NI ;
MOJ?LCIL >?GIHMNL;H>I
M? JLCG?CLI KO? CH;NCPI H; PCM[I J;OFCMN; JIMMOC
MOJ?LCIL ? M?AOH>I KO? H[I ] ?F? ?KOCJ;L;>I JF?H;G?HN? ; =CPCF >? MILN? ;
H[I JI>?L =IG?N?L =LCG? GCFCN;L H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F -LI= H ;
O>CNILC;
, G?MGI I=ILL? HI 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >? *CH;M $?L;CM +I
DX =CN;>I -LI=?MMI >? IGJ?N^H=C; ,LCACHXLC; H -LI= H ; O>
CNILC; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L DOFA;>I ?G >? IONO<LI >? MI< L?F;NILC; >I
'OCT#?LH;H>I$;FP[I>;/I=B; >?=C>CO
M?
o, ;LNCAI I ?G M?O CH=CMI && ;F_H?;M q<r ? q=r <?G =IGI ?G M?O CH
=CMI &&& >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;I >?@CHCL I =LCG? GCFCN;L @;T ?RJL?MM; L?@?L
^H=C; ;I qGCFCN;L >; L?M?LP;r ? ;I q=CPCFr >? GI>I ; deixar claro que as situaes jurdicas no se confundem. Se o militar da reserva fosse considerado
civil, para os fins do Direito Penal Militar, os dispositivos legais no lhe
fariam qualquer referncia, e a previso normativa referir-se-ia apenas ao
civil +[I M? JI>? ?HN?H>?L KO? H; F?C ?RCMN;G J;F;PL;M CHeN?CM 0? ; JLaJLC;
F?C @;T >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? I qGCFCN;L >; L?M?LP;r ? I q=CPCFr ] JILKO? N;CM MCNO;\d?M
DOL_>C=;M M[I >CMNCHN;M ? H[I M? JI>? =IH@OH>C
F;M -IH>I @CG Y KO?MN[I I ;LN
>I -* >?CR; =F;LI KO? I GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; MO<G?N?
M? H; =IH>C\[I >?
GCFCN;L ;IM ?@?CNIM >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L Portanto, o militar da reserva militar e no pode ser considerado civil para os efeitos da aplicao da lei penal pAH
+I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L N;G<]G BX ;=?LN;>;G?HN? ; PCM[I >?

KO? I CH;NCPI JI>? =IG?N?L =LCG? GCFCN;L M?G ; JF?H; ?KOCJ;L;\[I ; =CPCF +;
J?F;\[I H
-/ DOFA;>; ?G >? HIP?G<LI >?

MI< L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI 'IM] I?FBI #?LL?CL; =ODI MOD?CNI ;NCPI @IC OG M;L
A?HNIL?@ILG;>I>I"R]L=CNI >?=C>CO
M?
oEMENTA -")Uk, /&*"0 !" !"0/"0-"&1, 02-"/&,/

/1 CAPUT !, -* !" 1, ,0 "+, /1 CAPUT !,
-* " !" !"0 1, *&)&1/ /1 !, -* ,+!"+Uk,
,* , "+"#v &, !, SURSIS -/")&*&+/ !" "51&+Uk, ! -2+&
&)&!!"
-")
/"1/,1&3
-/"0 /&Uk,
!
-/"1"+0k,
-2+&1&3
& m 0?HN?H\; =IH>?H;NaLC; >; KO;F ;J?H;M ; >?@?M; L?=ILL?O >; =IH
>?H;\[I >? NL^M G?M?M >? >?N?H\[I J?FI >?FCNI >? >?ML?MJ?CNI ; MOJ?LCIL
NL^M G?M?M >? >?N?H\[I J;L; I =LCG? >? ;NI I<M=?HI ? M?CM G?M?M >?
>?N?H\[I J;L; I >?FCNI >? >?M;=;NI ; GCFCN;L =IG ; @CR;\[I >; J?H; >?@CHCNCP;
?GICNIG?M?M>?>?N?H\[I
&& m -?F; MCMN?GXNC=; >; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F GCFCN;L J;L; ;M J?H;M CH
@?LCIL?M ; OG ;HI ; JL?M=LC\[I IJ?L;

M? ?G >ICM ;HIM ? >?P? M?L I<
M?LP;>;J;L;=;>;=LCG? CMIF;>;G?HN?
&&& m "RNCH\[I >; JOHC<CFC>;>? J?F; I=ILL^H=C; >; JL?M=LC\[I >; JL?
N?HM[I JOHCNCP; L?NLI;NCP; =IHMC>?L;>; ; J?H; in concreto N?H>I ?G PCMN; I

NL;HM=OLMI >? JL;TI MOJ?LCIL ; >ICM ;HIM ?HNL? ; eFNCG; =;OM; CHN?LLOJNCP; >;
JL?M=LC\[I ? ; 0?HN?H\; IH>?H;NaLC; &HN?FCA^H=C; >I ;LN 3&& gg I ?
I NO>I>I -*
-L?FCGCH;L >? ?RNCH\[I >; JOHC<CFC>;>? ;=IFBC>; !?=CM[I JIL

G;CILC;p
+IN?
M? KO? ; >?=CM[I ?G @I=I ;J?M;L >? >CM=ONCL ; ?RNCH\[I >; JOH
C<CFC>;>? ?G L;T[I >; JL?M=LC\[I H;>; P?LM; MI<L? I =IG?NCG?HNI >? =LCG?
>? >?ML?MJ?CNI ; MOJ?LCIL >IH>? =IH=FOC
M? M?L ?MM; JIMMC<CFC>;>? PCXP?F H;
PCM[I>I"0OJ?LCIL1LC<OH;F*CFCN;L ;IG?HIM>?@ILG;G;DILCNXLC;
"H=?LL;H>I ; =IGJL??HM[I >I GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; ? >I L?@ILG;>I
J?>CGIMP^HC; G;CMOG;P?T J;L;L?MOGCLHIMMI?HN?H>CG?HNI

!?P?
M? N?L ?G G?HN? KO? I CH;NCPI JI>? =IG?N?L =LCG? GCFCN;L H;M
M?AOCHN?MMCNO;\d?M
=IGI GCFCN;L CH;NCPI ;JFC=;\[I >I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I >I -*
m BCJaN?M? L?MNLCN; ;IM L?@ILG;>IM ? ;IM GCFCN;L?M >; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>;
OG; P?T KO? IM >; L?M?LP; H[I L?GOH?L;>; >?P?G M?L =IHMC>?L;>IM =CPCM
JL;NC=;H>I =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ;J?H;M H;M MCNO;\d?M ?G KO? IM =CPCM N;G<]G I

JL;NC=;G H?MM; MCNO;\[I BX KO? M? =IGJF?G?HN;L ; NCJC=C>;>? J?F;M ;F_H?;M
>I CH=CMI &&& ;CH>; ; M?L?G ?MNO>;>;M <?G =IGI I ;NI >?P? JL?N?H>?L
;AL?>CL ;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M I KO? =IG?HN;L?GIM ;<;CRI H?MM; =IH
>C\[I JIL JL?PCM[I ?RJL?MM; >I CH=CMI &&& I CH;NCPI JI>? =IG?N?L IM =LCG?M
GCFCN;L?M ?HKO;>L;>IM HI CH=CMI & ? HI CH=CMI && ;J?H;M JI>?H>I M?L L?MNLCN;
; MOD?C\[I ;NCP; JIL JL?PCM[I >I NCJI J?H;F CH=LCGCH;>IL H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F
=IGI I=ILL? =IG I >?FCNI >? GINCG ;LN >I -* KO? ?RCA? GCFCN;L?M >;
;NCP;J;L;MO;JLXNC=; JILCHN?LJL?N;\[I>I;LN N;G<]G>I -*
=IGI GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; ;JFC=;\[I >IM ;LNM ? g I >I -*

m ?G ;FAOG;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M I GCFCN;L CH;NCPI JL;NC=;LX =LCG? GCFCN;L =IGI
M? >; ;NCP; @IMM? H[I M? ONCFCT;H>I G;CM I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I ? MCG IM CH
=CMIM & ? && >I G?MGI ;LNCAI ;JFC=;>IM ?G L?AL; ;IM GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; M[I
IM =;MIM >? =IGOHC=;\[I >;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M J?MMI;CM ?F?G?HN;L?M >I NCJI
J?H;F ;LN g I >I -* ? >; ?KOCJ;L;\[I ; GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; J?FI
?GJL?AI H; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L ;LN >I -* H?MM?M =;MIM H[I BX L?
MNLC\[I >I MOD?CNI ;NCPI ?G @OH\[I >; =IH>C\[I >? GCFCN;L CH;NCPI JICM M?L[I
?F?M =IHMC>?L;>IM GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; JI>?H>I JIL ?R?GJFI JL;NC=;L J?>?L
;MNC;;LN>I -* KO??RCA?;JL?M?H\;>?GCFCN;L>;;NCP;J;L;N;HNI
-LIMMCA;GIM H; ;HXFCM? >I CH=CMI &&& @I=;H>I I =CPCF H; JLXNC=; >?

=LCG? GCFCN;L !?P?
M? @LCM;L CHC=C;FG?HN? KO? ; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F
JIL @IL\; >I g I >I ;LN >; # H[I N?G =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; DOFA;L =CPCM I
KO? H[I I=ILL? HI ZG<CNI @?>?L;F DX KO? I ;LN H[I L?MNLCHA? IM DOLCM>C
=CIH;>IM >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >; 2HC[I MMCG MOLA? OG JLI<F?G; H; ?M@?L;
?MN;>O;F I=CPCF=IG?N?=LCG?GCFCN;L

-IMNOF;G ;FAOHM ;ONIL?M ; ?R?GJFI >? *CFNIH *IL;MMC >I -L;>I

?G ;LNCAI GOCNI <?G ;=OL;>I[530] KO? I =CPCF ?G P?L>;>? =IG?N? I =LCG?
GCFCN;L H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F JILKO;HNI H[I BX MCHAOF;L >CMJIMCNCPI KO? >CA;
?G M?HNC>I IJIMNI B;P?H>I N[I MIG?HN? ; L?MNLC\[I >; =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOF
A;G?HNI -IL ?MM; PCM[I I =CPCF =IG?N?LC; I =LCG? GCFCN;L JI>?H>I CH=FOMCP?
M?L CH>C=C;>I ?G CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L >?P?H>I M?L DOFA;>I Y FOT >I
-* J?F; 'OMNC\; IGOG "MN;>O;F KO? JIMMOC =IGJ?N^H=C; L?MC>O;F HI MCM
N?G;>?>CMNLC<OC\[I>?=IGJ?N^H=C;MAL;@;>IJ?F;)?C*;CIL
/?MJ?CN;H>I ; MCG]NLC=; =IHMNLO\[I >I ;ONIL IOM;GIM >?F? >CM
=IL>;L =IGJL??HM[I >? KO? I @;NI JL;NC=;>I JIL =CPCF ] N_JC=I J;L; I
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L JIL]G H[I L?JLCGC>I JIL OG a<C=? JLI=?MMO;F ] P?L
N?HN? J?LCAIM; KO? F?P;LC; ; OG =F;LI >? JOHC<CFC>;>? CH;=?CNXP?F 1IG?

M?
=IGI ?R?GJFI OG BIGC=_>CI JL;NC=;>I =IHNL; OG -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L JIL OG
=CPCF KO? >?HNLI >;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ?RCAC>;M J?FI CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN I =IG ;
J;LNC=CJ;\[I >? IONLI -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L NL;LC; OG PX=OI >? JOHC<CFC>;>?
CH=IGJL??HM_P?F ,<M?LP?
M? KO? I =CPCF H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F JL;NC=;LC; I >?
FCNI JIL]G H[I JI>?LC; M?L DOFA;>I J?F; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F J?F; JL?
PCM[I >I ;LN g I >; # 1;G<]G H[I JI>?LC; ] >? HIN;L I =LCG? M?L
;JL?=C;>I J?F; 'OMNC\; IGOG H?G J?F; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L #?>?L;F JICM HI
JLCG?CLI =;MI H[I JIMMOC Y ?R=?\[I >IM =LCG?M >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; JL;NC=
;>IM =IHNL; =CPCF =IGI P?L?GIM =IGJ?N^H=C; ; 'OMNC\; IGOG J;L; JLI=?M
M;L ? DOFA;L =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ;I G?MGI J;MMI KO? HI M?AOH>I =;MI ; 'OMNC\;
*CFCN;L #?>?L;F JIMMOC =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; DOFA;L >?FCNIM GCFCN;L?M KO? ;NCHD;G
<?HM DOL_>C=IM ;@?NIM YM #IL\;M LG;>;M I KO? H[I HIM J;L?=? N?L ;=IHN?=C>I
HI ?R?GJFI ?G ?MNO>I "G =IH=FOM[I H?MM; =IGJL??HM[I M?LC; I GCFCN;L
=IHMC>?L;>I J;LN_=CJ? >? BIGC=_>CI M?G KO? I =CPCF P?L>;>?CLI ?R?=ONIL >I
=LCG? MI@L?MM? ;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M J?H;CM >? M?O ;NI NILH;H>I
M? N;G<]G CG
JIMM_P?F;=IH>?H;\[IJ?F;J;LNC=CJ;\[I >;>;;MO;;=?MMILC?>;>?
"G @;=? >I JLI<F?G; ;JL?M?HN;>I JILN;HNI ; MIFO\[I G;CM PCXP?F

M?LC; NL;<;FB;L ; KO?MN[I HI =;GJI >; NCJC=C>;>? ?HN?H>?H>I KO? IM NCJIM
J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M KO;H>I ;H;FCM;>IM MIO;F H[I ;>GCN?G ;
MOD?C\[I ;NCP; G?MGI ?G =IH=OLMI >? =CPCM !CMMI M? >?JL??H>? ;J?H;M KO?

H[I BX NCJC=C>;>? HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L I KO? H[I CGJ?>? KO? ; =IH>ON;
>I=CPCFM?D;MO<MOGC>;JILOGNCJIJ?H;F=IGOG
"G =IH=FOM[I J;L; HaM G;CM OG; P?T =IG ; P^HC; >I ;ONIL MOJL;
=CN;>I I =CPCF H[I JL;NC=; =LCG? GCFCN;L H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F I KO? J;L?=? M?L ;
ILC?HN;\[I NL;TC>; J?F; 0eGOF; >I 01' KO? >CMJd? KO? o IGJ?N? Y
'OMNC\; IGOG "MN;>O;F JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L =CPCF ;=OM;>I >? JLXNC=; >? =LCG?
=IHNL; CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M ?MN;>O;CMp -;L; ;FAOHM ; 0eGOF; H[I >CT =F;L;
G?HN? KO? I =CPCF H[I =IG?N? =LCG? GCFCN;L H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F I KO? L?
@IL\;LC; ; =ILL?HN? >? *CFNIH *IL;MMC IHNO>I BX KO? M? HIN;L KO? I ?HOH
=C;>I G?H=CIH; ; ?RJL?MM[I o=LCG? =IHNL; ;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?Mp ? H[I

o=LCG? militar =IHNL; ;M CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?Mp F?P;H>I Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? I
0OJ?LCIL1LC<OH;F>?'OMNC\;?HN?H>?ONL;N;L
M?>?=LCG?=IGOG
#?>?L;F
"MM; L?MM;FN?
M? J;L?=? N;G<]G M?L ; PCM[I >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F
+I Habeas Corpus H 0- DOFA;>I ?G >? G;CI >?
MI<L?F;NILC;>I*CHCMNLI ?FMI>?*?FFI ;MMCGM?>?=C>CO
oEmenta HABEAS CORPUS m /&*" ,*"1&!, -,/ &3&)

,+1/ , -1/&*x+&, ! -,)v & *&)&1/ !, "01!, m &+
,*-"1t+ & 0,)21 ! '201&U *&)&1/ "01!2) # /1

-/ I m -/&+ v-&, !, '2&7 +12/) m +2)&!!" !,0 1,0
!" &0w/&,0 -/,#"/&!,0 -") '201&U *&)&1/ !, "01!,
-"!&!, !"#"/&!, 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?MN;>O;F H[I >CMJd? >? =IGJ?N^H=C;

J?H;F J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L =CPCF KO? N?HB; MC>I >?HOH=C;>I J?F; JLXNC=; >?
=LCG? =IHNL; ; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L >I "MN;>I .O;FKO?L N?HN;NCP; >? MO<G?N?L IM
L]OM =CPCM ; JLI=?>CG?HNIM J?H;CM
J?LM?=ONaLCIM CHMN;OL;>IM J?L;HN? aLA[IM
>; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?MN;>O;F L?JL?M?HN; HI =IHN?RNI >? HIMMI MCMN?G; DOL_>C=I
=F;L; PCIF;\[I ;I JLCH=_JCI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >I DOCT H;NOL;F # ;LN I )&&&
IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F ;I >?@CHCL ; =IGJ?N^H=C; J?H;F >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >IM

"MN;>IM
G?G<LIM >?FCGCNIO I ZG<CNI >? CH=C>^H=C; >I M?O ?R?L=_=CI CG
JIH>I J;L; ?@?CNI >? MO; =IH@CAOL;\[I I =IH=OLMI H?=?MMXLCI >? >ICM L?KOCM
CNIM OG >? IL>?G I<D?NCP; ; JLXNC=; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L >?@CHC>I ?G F?C ?

IONLI >? _H>IF? MO<D?NCP; ; KO;FC@C=;\[I >I ;A?HN? =IGI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L IO
=IGI <IG<?CLI GCFCN;L =IGJ?N^H=C; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?M
N;>O;F JILN;HNI M?H>I >? >CL?CNI ?MNLCNI ?MN?H>?

M? N[I MIG?HN? ;IM CHN?A
L;HN?M >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L IO >IM ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M KO? B;D;G
=IG?NC>I>?FCNI>?H;NOL?T;GCFCN;Lp
Vide ;CH>; I Habeas Corpus H *$ DOFA;>I ?G >? ;AIMNI
>? N?H>I JIL L?F;NIL I *CHCMNLI ,=N;PCI $;FFINNC ?G KO? ; -LCG?CL;

1OLG;>I-L?NaLCI"R=?FMI>?=C>CO
oEMENTA &H=IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F J;L; I JLI
=?MMI ? DOFA;G?HNI >? =CPCF # ;LN g I G?MGI KO;H>I ?HKO;>LXP?F
=IGI=LCG?GCFCN;LI@;NIKO?FB?];NLC<O_>I Habeas corpus >?@?LC>Ip
*;CM L?=?HN?G?HN? HI Habeas Corpus H /, DOFA;>I ?G

>? HIP?G<LI >? MI< ; L?F;NILC; >I *CHCMNLI ?FMI >? *?FFI ; 0?AOH>;
1OLG;>I01#>?=C>CO
oEMENTA q%"0
,/-20r m &*-"1/Uk, -,/
-/,*,1,/ !" '201&U !" -/&*"&/ &+01s+ & m -,00&&)&!!"
m )"& !" ,/$
+&7Uk, '2!& &u/& !, "01!, !" /,+!x+& )
+ m *
-)&Uk, ! ,*-"1t+ & !, '2&7 !" !&/"&1,
1&12)/ !" 3/ !" 2!&1,/& *&)&1/ -/ +") &+ )2&/
1/&2&Uk, !" -/,
"00/ " '2)$/ q#"&1,0
/&*&+&0
$"+V/& ,0r m )"$! ,#"+0 -,/ /"#"/&!, !&-),*
)"$&0)1&3, , -,012)!, !, '2&7 +12/) m &+, ,//t+ & m
-"!&!, &+!"#"/&!, DOLCMJLO>^H=C; >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F N?G
;>GCNC>I ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? I L?JL?M?HN;HN? >I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I ?G<IL;
=IG ;NO;\[I HI JLCG?CLI AL;O >? DOLCM>C\[I ;DOCT;L ?G HIG? >I q-;LKO?Nr
;\[I ILCACHXLC; >? qB;<?;M =ILJOMr J?L;HN? ?MN; 0OJL?G; ILN? IO DOHNI ;
KO;FKO?L IONLI 1LC<OH;F DO>C=CXLCI -L?=?>?HN?M ) H >I "MN;>I >?
/IH>bHC; m KO? CHMNCNOCO H?MM; OHC>;>? >; #?>?L;\[I ; L?MJ?=NCP; )?C >?
,LA;HCT;\[I 'O>C=CXLC; m H[I NL;HMALC>? I JIMNOF;>I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >I DOCT
H;NOL;F L?P?F;H>I
M? F?A_NCG; HI JIHNI ?G KO? >?@?L? ;I 'OCT ?MN;>O;F KO?
>?M?GJ?HB; @OH\d?M JLaJLC;M >; 3;L; >? O>CNILC; *CFCN;L ; JLXNC=; >?

IONL;M ;NLC<OC\d?M DOLCM>C=CIH;CM inclusive o exerccio da competncia penal

em face de ru civil acusado de suposto cometimento de crime desvestido de
natureza militar "MM? >CJFIG; F?ACMF;NCPI H; L?;FC>;>? FCGCNIO
M? ; ;N
LC<OCL ;I NCNOF;L >; 3;L; >? O>CNILC; *CFCN;L >; =IG;L=; >? -ILNI 3?FBI/,
m KO? ] G;ACMNL;>I ?MN;>O;F m I ?R?L=_=CI =OGOF;NCPI N;HNI >? @OH\d?M J?=O
FC;L?M Y 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L FI=;F # ;LN g I KO;HNI >? ;NLC<OC\d?M DOLCM
>C=CIH;CMJLaJLC;M>;'OMNC\; IGOG?MN;>O;F-L?=?>?HN?MpAH
1;G<]G JL?>IGCH; H; >IONLCH; ; PCM[I >? KO? H[I ] JIMM_P?F I

=IG?NCG?HNI >? =LCG? GCFCN;L HI ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F JIL OG H[I GCFCN;L -IL
NI>IM vide I KO? ;>OT =IG GOCN; JLIJLC?>;>? -;OFI 1;>?O /I>LCAO?M
/IM;
o-IL L;Td?M KO? H[I M? DOMNC@C=;G H[I J;MM;H>I >? OG G?LI JL?
=IH=?CNI G;M ?MN;<?F?=C>; >? @ILG; ?RJL?MM; H; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F I KO?

F?P; ?G ;FAOG;M MCNO;\d?M ; CGJOHC>;>? M? OG =CPCF JL;NC=;L OG =LCG? GCF
CN;L =IHNL; OG; &HMNCNOC\[I *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F H[I M?LX DOFA;>I J?L;HN? ;
'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F G;M J?L;HN? ; 'OMNC\; IGOG =;MI ?RCMN; OG; =IL
L?MJIH>^H=C; ?HNL? I CF_=CNI JL?PCMNI HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IG IM CF_=CNIM

JL?PCMNIM HI a>CAI -?H;F L;MCF?CLI 0? H[I ?RCMNCL ?MN; =ILL?MJIH>^H=C; I
@;NIM?LX;N_JC=I?;J?MMI;@C=;LXCM?HN;>?J?H;p[531]
>C=CIH;FG?HN? Y >CM=OMM[I ;=CG; ?RJIMN; NIG?
M? I =OC>;>I >?
F?G<L;L KO? BX ;J?H;M OG; MCNO;\[I ?G KO? OG H[I GCFCN;L JI>? M?L DOFA;>I
J?F; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ;MNL?HM? /?@?LCGI

HIM ;IM =;MIM ?G KO? I MOD?CNI ;N
CPI ?G<IL; GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I H; ]JI=; >I =IG?NCG?HNI >I >?FCNI GCFCN;L ]
>?MFCA;>I JIL KO;FKO?L GINCPI >?GCMM[I ?RJOFM[I ?RIH?L;\[I ; J?>C>I IO
ex officio ?N= >; &HMNCNOC\[I ?G KO? M?LP? JL?P;F?=?H>I ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >;
'OMNC\;*CFCN;L"MN;>O;F
+?MM? M?HNC>I vide I /?=OLMI &HIGCH;>I H -LI= H

; O>CNILC; >; ; ZG;L; >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >?
0[I -;OFI DOFA;>I ?G >? DOHBI >? MI< L?F;NILC; >I 'OCT ?F -*
FaPCM0;HNCHIH KO;H>I >?@ILG;GOCNI;=?LN;>; M?>?=C>CO

o IGJ?N? Y 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L ; JLXNC=; ?G

N?M? >? BIGC=_>CI >IFIMI =IG >IFI ?P?HNO;F ? F?M[I =ILJIL;F JLIP?HC?HN?M
>? ;=C>?HN? ;ONIGI<CF_MNC=I I=;MCIH;>I JIL GCFCN;L ?G ;NCPC>;>? =IHNL; GCF
CN;L?M ?G C>^HNC=; MCNO;\[I +[I =IHMNCNOC a<C=? ;I DOFA;G?HNI >I @?CNI JIL
?MN; 'OMNC\; ;MNL?HM? JL?=?>?HN? >?MFCA;G?HNI >I L?=ILL?HN? >;M @CF?CL;M >;
&HMNCNOC\[Ip
#CH;FG?HN? HI CH=CMI &&& BX KO? M? ;P;FC;L ; ?RJL?MM[I o=IHNL; ;M
CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?Mp IGI M? >?HIN; >; CHN?LJL?N;\[I >I CH=CMI ?G ?MNO>I
IM ;A?HN?M >IM =LCG?M L?@?LC>IM >?P?G =IG MO; =IH>ON; afrontar a prpria
instituio militar ; KO? J?LN?H=?G +[I <;MN; J;L; ; =IH@CAOL;\[I >I CF_=CNI
J?H;F KO? I @;NI ?H=IHNL? NCJC@C=;\[I F?A;F -;LN? "MJ?=C;F ? -;LN? $?L;F H;M
;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI &&& ; M?L?G ?MNO>;>;M ? I ;A?HN? M?D; GCFCN;L L?@ILG;>I
>; L?M?LP; IO =CPCF &>?HNC@C=;GIM ;KOC OG elemento subjetivo especial do
tipo H; ?MJ]=C? >? delito de inteno =IH@ILG? DX >CM=ILL?GIM ;I NL;N;L >IM
NCJIM =IGCMMCPIM >IFIMIM 0?G ?MM? ?F?G?HNI H[I BX =LCG? GCFCN;L In exemplis OG GCFCN;L L?@ILG;>I CHAL?MM; ?G KO;LN?F ? =IG?N? BIGC=_>CI =IHNL;
OG MIF>;>I -* ;I M?L >?NC>I ;JaM OG; <OM=; J?MMI;F HI <IFMI >; =;GCM;
>I GCFCN;L ] ?H=IHNL;>I OG =B?KO? >?PIFPC>I JIL @;FN; >? @OH>IM =F;L;
G?HN? I CHN?HNI H[I @IC G;N;L OG MIF>;>I -* ;@LIHN;H>I ;MMCG ; M?AOL
;H\; >; 2HC>;>? ? JIL =IHM?KO^H=C; ; JLaJLC; CHMNCNOC\[I G;M o;=?LN;L ;M

=IHN;Mp =IG I JI<L? CH;>CGJF?HN? -IL IONLI F;>I CG;ACH?
M? OG L?@ILG;>I
KO? @;T?H>I J;LN? >? OG ALOJI AO?LLCFB?CLI CHAL?MM; ?G KO;LN?F >I "R]L=CNI
? =?C@; ; PC>; >? OG M?HNCH?F; <OM=;H>I JLIP;L ;IM M?OM =ILL?FCACIHXLCIM KO?
; M?AOL;H\; >? >?N?LGCH;>;M 2HC>;>?M ] >CMJFC=?HN? H?MM? =;MI ; P_NCG; @IC

I 0IF>;>I A G;M JI>?LC; N?L MC>I I 0IF>;>I B C ?H@CG KO;FKO?L OG JIL
KO;HNI I I<D?NCPI ; CHN?H\[I >I MOD?CNI ;NCPI ?L; ;@LIHN;L ; JLaJLC; CHMNCNO
C\[I N?L?GIM JICM =LCG? GCFCN;L , J?LMJC=;T ?MNO>CIMI HIN;LX KO? J?F;
=IGJL??HM[I JLIJIMN; I GCFCN;L >; L?M?LP; L?GOH?L;>; L?@ILG;>I IO I
=CPCF ;J?H;M JL;NC=;L[I >?FCNIM GCFCN;L?M ?G =IH>ON;M >IFIM;M KO? JL??H
=B;G ?MM? ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI ?MJ?=C;F >I NCJI ;@;MN;H>I

M? ; JIMMC<CFC>;>?
>?=IG?NCG?HNI>?=LCG?GCFCN;L=OFJIMIJ;L;?MM;MJ?MMI;M

?RCA^H=C; >? KO? ; ;@LIHN; Y CHMNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L ] ?RCAC>; MO<
D?NCP;G?HN? J;L; ; JLXNC=; >? >?FCNI GCFCN;L JIL CH;NCPI IO JIL =CPCF m ?MN? H;
?M@?L; @?>?L;F m ] ?PC>?HN? HI 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F H; >?=CM[I JLI
@?LC>; J?F; 0?AOH>; 1OLG; ?G >? HIP?G<LI >? HI Habeas Corpus

H!# MI<L?F;NILC;>;*CHCMNL;"FF?H$L;=C?
oHABEAS CORPUS )"0k,
,/-,/)
,+1/ *&)&1/ "*
0"/3&U, !" 3&$&)s+ & $/+1& " -/"0"/3Uk, ! ,/!"*

-y)& /&*" 2)-,0, 20t+ & !" &+1"+Uk, !" 1&+$&/
&+01&12&Uk, *&)&1/
,*-"1t+ & ! '201&U
,*2*
-/" "!"+1"0 ,/!"* ,+ "!&! No h na conduta descrita na
pea acusatria qualquer inteno de o paciente atingir instituio militar
, MCGJF?M @;NI >? ; P_NCG; M?L GCFCN;L HI >?M?GJ?HBI >? M?LPC\I >? PC
ACFZH=C; A;L;HNC; ? JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=; Ma JIL MC H[I ] MO@C=C?HN?

J;L; ;NL;CL ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; ;MNL?HM? IHMI;HN? DX >?=C>CO ?MM;
0OJL?G; ILN? ; NCJC@C=;\[I >; =IH>ON; >? =CPCF =IGI =LCG? GCFCN;L depende
do intuito de atingir, de qualquer modo, a Fora, no sentido de impedir,
frustrar, fazer malograr, desmoralizar ou ofender o militar ou o evento ou
situao em que este esteja empenhador

/0 /?F *CH ;LFIM 3?F
FIMI !' +I G?MGI M?HNC>I % *$ /?F *CH ;LFIM

LCNNI !' Habeas corpus =IH=?>C>Ip
3?H=C>IM IM >?N;FB?M >I CH=CMI &&& P?D;GIM ;AIL; MO;M ;F_H?;M KO?
M? =IH@CAOL;L[I ?F?G?HNI HILG;NCPI >I NCJI F?A;F >? =LCG?M =IG?NC>IM JIL
CH;NCPIM?=CPCM HIZG<CNI@?>?L;F =IGJIH>I;MMCGOG; tipicidade indireta
Alnea a do inciso III do art. 9 I do CPM. ;F_H?; a >CMJd?

KO? B;P?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L JIL =CPCF IO CH;NCPI KO;H>I @IL =IG?NC>I o=IHNL; I
J;NLCGbHCI MI< ; ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L IO =IHNL; ; IL>?G ;>GCHCMNL;NCP;
GCFCN;Lp =IH@CAOL;H>I
M? ?G =LCG? GCFCN;L J?FI =LCN]LCI ratione materiae
KO?H[IJIMMOCJ?MMI;H;NOL;F=IGIMOD?CNIJ;MMCPI
IGI DX G?H=CIH;GIM ;I =IG?HN;L ; ;F_H?; e >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN

I J;NLCGbHCI MI< ; >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L ;<L;HA? ;F]G >IM <?HM J?LN?H
=?HN?M Y #IL\; *CFCN;L IM >? JLIJLC?>;>? >? J?MMI;M H;NOL;CM ? DOL_>C=;M KO?

JIL ;FAOG; L;T[I ?H=IHNL;G

M? MI< L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >; >GCHCMNL;\[I
*CFCN;L ,<PC;G?HN? ;KOC H[I M? ?HKO;>L;G IM <?HM >? ?HNC>;>?M =CPCM
;CH>; KO? =IGJIMN;M JIL GCFCN;L?M ? A =FO<?M ;MMI=C;\d?M =IIJ?L;NCP;M
?N=[532] -IL IL>?G ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; GCFCN;L >?P?
M? ?HN?H>?L ; JLaJLC;
B;LGIHC; >; CHMNCNOC\[I ;<L;HA?H>I MO; ;>GCHCMNL;\[I I >?=ILI >? M?OM CH
N?AL;HN?M ?N= MMCG >?FCNIM =IHNL; ; IL>?G ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; GCFCN;L M[I o;M
CH@L;\d?M KO? ;NCHA?G ; ILA;HCT;\[I ?RCMN^H=C; ? @CH;FC>;>? >; CHMNCNOC\[I
<?G=IGIIJL?MN_ACIGIL;F>;;>GCHCMNL;\[Ip[533]
IGI ?R?GJFI >? OG =LCG? J;MM_P?F >? ?HKO;>L;G?HNI H?MN;

;F_H?; JI>?
M? CG;ACH;L I >;HI =;OM;>I JIL OG GCFCN;L CH;NCPI ;LN >I
-* ; OG; PC;NOL; >I ILJI >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L CMMI =IG ; CHN?H\[I >?
;AL?>CL ; JLaJLC; CHMNCNOC\[I ,ONLI ?R?GJFI ;AIL; ;<L;HA?H>I ; IL>?G ;>
GCHCMNL;NCP; GCFCN;L ?MNX H; @;=CFCN;\[I >? @OA; >? JL?MI IO CHN?LH;>I ;LN
>I -* JIL OG CH;NCPI KO? N;G<]G <OM=;H>I ;@?N;L ; CHMNCNOC\[I GCF
CN;L CHAL?MM; ?G OG JL?M_>CI GCFCN;L J;L; J?LJ?NL;L I >?FCNI JLIGIP?H>I ;

@OA;
Alnea b do inciso III do art. 9 I do CPM. ;F_H?; b >CMJd?

KO? B;P?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L JIL =CPCF IO CH;NCPI KO;H>I @IL =IG?NC>I o?G FOA;L
MOD?CNI Y ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L =IHNL; GCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? IO
;MM?G?FB;>I IO =IHNL; @OH=CIHXLCI >? *CHCMN]LCI *CFCN;L IO >; 'OMNC\; *CF
CN;L HI?R?L=_=CI>?@OH\[ICH?L?HN?;IM?O=;LAIp
1;G<]G DX >?@CHCGIM I KO? H; HIMM; PCM[I >?P? M?L =IGJL??H>C>I

=IGI FOA;L MOD?CNI Y >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L L?G?N?H>I I F?CNIL J;L; IM
=IG?HNXLCIM =IHMCAH;>IM H; ;F_H?; b >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >I -* 1I
>;PC; H[I ] ;J?H;M I =LCN]LCI ratione loci KO? CH@ILG; ?MN; ;F_H?; BX ;CH>; I
=LCN]LCI ratione personae >?P?H>I ; =IH>ON; M?L JL;NC=;>; =IHNL; KO;FKO?L
GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; H[I GCFCN;L ?G M?LPC\I L?MM;FN?
M? IO =IHNL; @OH=CIHXLCI
>?*CHCMN]LCI*CFCN;LIO>;'OMNC\;*CFCN;L HI?R?L=_=CI>;@OH\[I
/?F;NCP;G?HN? NL;HKOCF; ;@IL; IM JLI<F?G;M DX ;>OTC>IM HIM

=IG?HNXLCIM ;I CH=CMI &&& ?G MC ; =IGJL??HM[I >I =LCG? GCFCN;L JL;NC=;>I
JIL CH;NCPI IO =CPCF H; ?M@?L; @?>?L;F H?MN? =;MI ?G FOA;L MOD?CNI Y

>GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L =IHNL; OG GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; ;CH>; KO? H[I ?MN?D; CH
P?MNC>I >; @OH\[I <;MN;H>I ;J?H;M M?L GCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>?
.O;HNI ;I ;MM?G?FB;>I N;G<]G G?H=CIH;>I H; ;F_H?; ?G =IG?HNI DX
;@CLG;GIM M?L ?F? @CAOL; ?RNCHN; HI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L JXNLCI >CMJ?HM;H>I
G;CIL?M=IG?HNXLCIM
"R?GJFC@C=;NCP;G?HN? B;P?LC; =LCG? GCFCN;L ?G OG BIGC=_>CI JL;N
C=;>I JIL GCFCN;L CH;NCPI >?M?D;H>I ;AL?>CL ; CHMNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L =IHNL; OG

GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; >?M>? KO? JL;NC=;>I ?G FOA;L MOD?CNI Y >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN
;L +[I M?LC; =LCG? GCFCN;L HI ?HN;HNI M? ; P_NCG; @IMM? IONLI GCFCN;L CH;NCPI
IO M? ;CH>; KO? JL;NC=;>I =IHNL; GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; I @;NI @IMM? J?LJ?NL;>I ?G
OG;;MMI=C;\[I>?GCFCN;L?M
+[I N[I J;=_@C=; NI>;PC; ; =IGJL??HM[I KO;H>I I MOD?CNI J;MMCPI

@IL OG =CPCF @OH=CIHXLCI >? *CHCMN]LCI *CFCN;L IO >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?G @OH
\[I ]FCI )I<[I[534] P^ OG; CGJLIJLC?>;>? H?MM? JIHNI JILKO;HNI

KO;H>I ; P_NCG; @IL @OH=CIHXLCI >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L IO @OH=CIHXLCI >? *CH
CMN]LCI *CFCN;L ; =IGJ?N^H=C; M?LX >; 'OMNC\; IGOG OG; P?T KO? IM <?HM
NON?F;>IM J?FI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L H[I ;F=;H\;G ;M BCJaN?M?M ;KOC

?PC>?H=C;>;M
IG ?@?CNI @I=;H>I ; ;HXFCM? H; MOD?C\[I J;MMCP; ; =IH>ON; J;MM;LX

;I F;LAI >? @?LCL <?HM DOL_>C=IM J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M M?H>I CGJLIPXP?F KO? ; =IH
>ON; ;@LIHN? ; CHMNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L =IGI ?RCA? I CH=CMI &&& ;MMCMNCH>I L;T[I ;
]FCI )I<[I CH>; KO? M? ?HN?H>; KO? I @;NI J;L; M?L MO<MOGC>I J?F; ;F_H?;
b >?P; M?L =IG?NC>I ?G FOA;L MOD?CNI Y >GCHCMNL;\[I *CFCN;L N;G<]G HIM
=;MIM >? ; MOD?C\[I J;MMCP; M?L JL??H=BC>; JIL =CPCF H[I HIM J;L?=? B;P?L
;@LIHN; Y CHMNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L DX KO? I MOD?CNI J;MMCPI >; =IH>ON; H[I ?MN;LX ;
?F;PCH=OF;>I
>?G;CM >?P?
M? F?G<L;L KO? =IG L?F;\[I ;IM @OH=CIHXLCIM >IM
*CHCMN]LCIM *CFCN;L?M KO? ;FAOHM JI>?LC;G ;F?A;L ?MN;L?G PCH=OF;>IM YM
JLaJLC;M #IL\;M LG;>;M >?M>? I ;>P?HNI >; )?C IGJF?G?HN;L H >?
>? DOHBI >? BIOP? ; =LC;\[I >I *CHCMN]LCI >; !?@?M; H[I G;CM ?R
CMNCH>I ?MM?M @OH=CIHXLCIM ? MCG @OH=CIHXLCIM >I *CHCMN]LCI >; !?@?M; IO >I

IG;H>I >? OG; >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M H[I M? JI>?H>I NL;MF;>;L I JL?=?CNI
J;L; ?F?M >;>; ; L?MNLC\[I Y CHN?LJL?N;\[I ?RN?HMCP; ?G !CL?CNI -?H;F H[I
L;TIXP?FH?MM?JIHNI
Alnea c do inciso III do art. 9 I do CPM. ;F_H?; c ?M
N;<?F?=? KO? B;P?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L JIL =CPCF IO CH;NCPI KO;H>I @IL =IG?NC>I
o=IHNL; GCFCN;L ?G @ILG;NOL; IO >OL;HN? I J?L_I>I >? JLIHNC>[I PCACFZH=C;
I<M?LP;\[I ?RJFIL;\[I ?R?L=_=CI ;=;GJ;G?HNI ;=;HNIH;G?HNI IO

G;HI<L;Mp =IH@CAOL;H>I
IGI DX >CMM?GIM formatura =IHMCMN? H; L?OHC[I >? GCFCN;L?M
>?PC>;G?HN? =IG;H>;>IM ? ?G >CMJIMC\[I >?@CHC>; HI N?LL?HI ?G KO? M?
JL?MN; BIG?H;A?G >? ;=IL>I =IG =?LCGIHC;F JL??MN;<?F?=C>I ; ;FAOG;

J?MMI; IO @;NI IGI ?R?GJFI ?MN;LX ?G @ILG;NOL; I GCFCN;L CHN?AL;HN? >I
?@?NCPI GIHN;>I J;L; JL?MN;L ;M BIHL;M Y ;H>?CL; +;=CIH;F HI >C; >?
HIP?G<LI
Prontido HIM N?LGIM >I F]RC=I MCAHC@C=; o?MN;>I >? JL?J;L;>I
J;L; ;ACL M?G >?GIL; =IH@ILG? ; I=;MC[I ?RCA?p[535] ? HI ;G<C?HN? >?

=;M?LH; L?@?L?
M? Y =IH>C\[I ?G KO? I GCFCN;L A?L;FG?HN? ;KO;LN?F;>I ?MNX
=IGJIH>I ?@?NCPI L?M?LP; >? L?;\[I ; OG; MCNO;\[I KO? >?G;H>? ; ;NO;\[I
?MJ?=_@C=; >IM GCFCN;L?M IGI ?R?GJFI NIG?
M? ; JLIHNC>[I >; -IF_=C; *CF
CN;L J?LG;H?=?H>I;KO;LN?F;>;J;L;?P?HNO;F?GJL?AI?GOG;AL?P?A?L;F
Vigilncia N;G<]G H; =IH=?J\[I ?MNLCN; >I Moderno Dicionrio
da Lngua Portuguesa MCAHC@C=; I o;NI IO ?@?CNI >? PCACF;Lp[536] NIG;L
=OC>;>I IO =OC>;L +I G?CI GCFCN;L ; PCACFZH=C; L?@?L?

M? Y ;NCPC>;>? >?
AO;L>; >? =OC>;>I ?MJ?=_@C=I >? OG ;G<C?HN? IO J?MMI; +IN?
M? KO? ;
;F_H?; d N;G<]G =IHM;AL; I M?LPC\I >? PCACFZH=C; JIL]G ;NL?F;>I HOG =?LNI
J;L;F?FCMGI ; @OH\[I >? H;NOL?T; GCFCN;L IO >I =IHNLXLCI CHeNCF M?LC; OG;
>;M JL?PCMd?M "G IONLIM N?LGIM PCACFZH=C; H; ;F_H?; c N?G OG; =IHIN;\[I
G;CM ;<L;HA?HN? ;NCHACH>I KO;FKO?L ;NCPC>;>? >? PCACFZH=C; ?R=?NI ;KO?F;
?MNLCN;G?HN? FCA;>; ; @OH\[I >? H;NOL?T; GCFCN;L KO? ?MN;LC; ;<L;HAC>; J?F;
;F_H?; d. MMCG I GCFCN;L ?G PCACFZH=C; >? OG; PC;NOL; J;L;>; ?G PC;
Je<FC=; H?=?MMCN;H>I L?J;LIM ?MN;LX ?G PCACFZH=C; HIM N?LGIM >; ;F_H?; ?G

?MNO>I ?HKO;HNI I GCFCN;L ?G PCACFZH=C; >? OG P?_=OFI LIO<;>I KO? @IL; FI=
;FCT;>I JIL M?L I M?LPC\I >? PCACFZH=C; ;NL?F;>I ; ;NCPC>;>? JL?=_JO; >; -IF_
=C; *CFCN;L JIL ?R?GJFI ?MN;LX ;<L;HAC>I J?F; ;F_H?; d ; M?L ?MNO>;>; "G
P?L>;>? =IGI GOCNI <?G ;>OT ]FCI )I<[I[537] BIOP? OG; JL?I=OJ;\[I
?R;A?L;>; ?G ;OG?HN;L I ?MJ?=NLI >? ;<L;HA^H=C; >I -* I KO? JI>?LC;
GOCNI <?G M?L L?MOGC>I ?G =LCG? =IHNL; GCFCN;L ?G M?LPC\I KO? ;<L;HA?LC;
;M;F_H?;M c ? d ?GMO;KO;M?NIN;FC>;>?
Observao MCAHC@C=; I o;NI IO ?@?CNI >? I<M?LP;Lp[538] IFB;L =IG

;N?H\[I ? HIM N?LGIM ;KOC ?GJL?A;>IM NL;>OT
M? J?FI MCGJF?M ;=IGJ;H
B;G?HNI PCMO;F >? OG; MCNO;\[I G;M M?G ; CHN?H\[I >? JLIN?\[I =IGI H;
PCACFZH=C; ? MCG =IG I ?M=IJI >? L?JILN;L I KO? M? I<M?LP; IGI ?R?GJFI
CG;ACH?
M? I =;MI >? OG; ;NO;\[I L?;F >I "R]L=CNI m ?G OG =IH@FCNI CHN?LHI
J;L; H[I =B?A;LGIM ;I ?R?GJFI ?G AO?LL; KO;H>I I ;LN I M?LC;
>?M=;LN;>I m ?G KO? @IMM? ONCFCT;>; JIL KO;FKO?L L;T[I ; @CAOL; >I I<M?L
P;>IL ;P;H\;>I >? LNCFB;LC; =OD; @OH\[I H;>; N?G =IG I =LCN]LCI >? JLI
N?\[I >? ;FAI IO >? ;FAO]G G;M ;J?H;M PCM; @ILH?=?L CH@ILG;\d?M J;L; I
;DOMN?>IM>CMJ;LIM
Explorao MCAHC@C=; J?MKOCM; ;HXFCM? IO CHP?MNCA;\[I ? HIM N?LGIM
?GJL?A;>IM J?F; ;F_H?; L?@?L?
M? Y >?MCAH;\[I >? GCFCN;L?M J;L; I =IHB?=C
G?HNI J?MKOCM; >? OG ;G<C?HN? ;CH>; H[I =IHB?=C>I IO M? =IHB?=C>I DX

;FN?L;>I >? MILN? KO? >;>IM J;L; ; ;NO;\[I JIMN?LCIL M?D;G =IFBC>IM =IG
G;CM JL?=CM[I "MN[I ?G ?RJFIL;\[I JIL ?R?GJFI GCFCN;L?M ?G J;NLOFB; >?
L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >? OG N?LL?HI J;L; ?GJL?AI JIMN?LCIL >? NLIJ; >?
CH@;HN;LC;
-IL manobra =IGI DX >CMJOM?GIM >?P?

M? =IGJL??H>?L oKO;FKO?L
GIPCG?HN;\[I >; OHC>;>? GCFCN;L >?MNCH;>; ;I NL?CH;G?HNI ; I=OJ;L
JIMC\d?M?G?MN;>I>?M_NCI >?>?@?M; J?LNOL<;\[I>;IL>?GJe<FC=;?N=
Exerccio N;G<]G JL?PCMNI H?MN; ;F_H?; o] ;NCPC>;>? >?MNCH;>; ;I

JL?J;LI @_MC=I >I GCFCN;L ;I NL?CH;G?HNI GCFCN;L ;I NL?CH;G?HNI GCFCN;L >;
NLIJ; CH=FOCH>I;ONCFCT;\[I>?;J;L?FB;G?HNI<]FC=I?N=p[539]

Acampamento ? acantonamento M[I @ILG;M >? ?MN;=CIH;G?HNI >;

NLIJ; GCFCN;L IGI <?G ;>OT 'ILA? F<?LNI /IG?CLI ;=;HNIH;G?HNI o] ;
XL?; >? ;FID;G?HNI >; NLIJ; ?G FI=;F =IHMNLO_>I !C@?L? >I ;=;GJ;G?HNI
KO? ] FI=;F >? ?MN;=CIH;G?HNI >? NLIJ; ?G <;LL;=;M HI =;GJI ? =LCIO ; ?R
JL?MM[I =;MNL?HM? OM;>; J;L; >?MCAH;L I >CL?CNI J?H;F GCFCN;L !I F;NCG

castrensis >?LCP;>I >? castra orum = ;=;GJ;G?HNI 3I=X<OFI ?MM? >I KO;F
M? ILCACH;L;G ;CH>; castrametao ;LN? <]FC=; >? ?M=IFB?L I FI=;F J;L; I
;=;GJ;G?HNI ? castro =;MN?FI @ILNC@C=;>I J;L; >?@?M; GCFCN;Lp[540] "G

L?MOGI JILN;HNI KO;H>I BX I ?MN;=CIH;G?HNI >? NLIJ; =IG ; GIHN;A?G >;
?MNLONOL; >? <;LL;=;M N?L?GIM I ;=;GJ;G?HNI .O;H>I ; NLIJ; ?MN;=CIH;L
;JLIP?CN;H>I
M? >? ?MNLONOL; DX >CMJIMN; HI N?LL?HI ; ?R?GJFI >? OG A;FJ[I
;<;H>IH;>I N?L?GIMI;=;HNIH;G?HNI
IGI ?R?GJFI H?MN; ;F_H?; JI>?GIM =CN;L I GCFCN;L CH;NCPI KO?

>?M?D;H>I ;@LIHN;L ; &HMNCNOC\[I *CFCN;L ?G JF?HI >?M@CF? >I !C; >; -XNLC;
>? M?N?G<LI CHAL?MM? ?G OG J?FIN[I @ILG;>I ? I@?H>; ; CHN?ALC>;>? @_MC=;
>?OGGCFCN;L>;;NCP;KO?ICHN?AL?
Alnea d do inciso III do art. 9 I do CPM. ;F_H?; d >CMJd?

KO? B;P?LX =LCG? GCFCN;L JIL =CPCF IO CH;NCPI KO;H>I @IL =IG?NC>I o;CH>;
KO? @IL; >I FOA;L MOD?CNI Y ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;L =IHNL; GCFCN;L ?G @OH\[I
>? H;NOL?T; GCFCN;L IO HI >?M?GJ?HBI >? M?LPC\I >? PCACFZH=C; A;L;HNC; ?
JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=; ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; IO DO>C=CXLC; KO;H>I F?A;F
G?HN? L?KOCMCN;>I J;L; ;KO?F? @CG IO ?G I<?>C^H=C; ; >?N?LGCH;\[I F?A;F

MOJ?LCILp =IH@CAOL;H>I
#OH\[I >? H;NOL?T; GCFCN;L J;L; 'ILA? F<?LNI /IG?CLI =IG <;M?
HI ;LN >I "MN;NONI >IM *CFCN;L?M o] I ?R?L=_=CI >;M I<LCA;\d?M CH?L?HN?M
;I =;LAI GCFCN;Lp[541] >?P?H>I
M? HI ?HN;HNI L?MNLCHACL ; =IGJL??HM[I YM
;NCPC>;>?M =IHMNCNO=CIH;FG?HN? >?MNCH;>;M YM CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M IO M?D;

JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=; J;L; ;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M >?@?M; =CPCF J;L; IM
ILJIM >? IG<?CLIM *CFCN;L?M m ;F]G >? IONL;M >?@CHC>;M ?G F?C m ? >?@?M;
>; -XNLC; >IM -I>?L?M IHMNCNO_>IM ? >; F?C ? >; IL>?G J;L; ;M #IL\;M
LG;>;M

-;L?=?
HIM KO? I M?LPC\I >? PCACFZH=C; ;KOC JL?PCMNI >?P? AO;L>;L
J;L;F?FCMGI =IG ; @OH\[I >? H;NOL?T; GCFCN;L IO M?D; >?P? ?MN;L FCA;>I ;I
>?M?GJ?HBI >I GCMN?L =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >; CHMNCNOC\[I GCFCN;L =IH@ILG? DX ?R
JOM?GIM H; ;F_H?; ;HN?LCIL =IGI ; PCACFZH=C; >? OG P?_=OFI KO? @IL;

LIO<;>I ;AIL;FI=;FCT;>IJ?F;-IF_=C;*CFCN;L
=?L=; >I M?LPC\I >? A;L;HNC; ? JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=; ?H
N?H>?GIM KO? N;F ?F?G?HNI JI>? M?L ?H=IHNL;>I N;HNI H;M ;NCPC>;>?M >;M
#IL\;M LG;>;M ?G IJ?L;\d?M >? A;L;HNC; >; F?C ? >; IL>?G oIJ?L;\d?M
NCJIJIF_=C;p =IGI>;M@IL\;MGCFCN;L?M?MN;>O;CM
-;L; ;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M ; ;NCPC>;>? >? JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G
Je<FC=; ] OG; =IHMN;HN? =IH@CAOL;H>I

M? ;I F;>I >I JIFC=C;G?HNI IMN?HMCPI
JL?P?HNCPI GCMM[I JL?=_JO; HIM N?LGIM >I g I >I ;LN >; # KO? JIM
MOC ; M?AOCHN? L?>;\[I oYM JIF_=C;M GCFCN;L?M =;<?G ; JIF_=C; IMN?HMCP; ? ;

JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=; ;IM =ILJIM >? <IG<?CLIM GCFCN;L?M ;F]G >;M
;NLC<OC\d?M >?@CHC>;M ?G F?C CH=OG<? ; ?R?=O\[I >? ;NCPC>;>?M >? >?@?M;
=CPCFp
+; ;NO;F ;=?J\[I IL>?G Je<FC=; A;HB; OG NL_JFC=? ;MJ?=NI M?AOL
;H\; Je<FC=; M;FO<LC>;>? Je<FC=; ? NL;HKOCFC>;>? Je<FC=; +?MM? M?HNC>I ?M
=L?P?H>I JIL ?R?GJFI MI<L? I J;J?F >;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M GOCNI <?G ?R
Jd? uFP;LI );TT;LCHC KO? o; IL>?G Je<FC=; KO? ?F;M N^G JIL GCMM[I
;MM?AOL;L >?@CHCL
M?
X J?FI M?O =;LXN?L JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? G;N?LC;F =OC>;H>I >?
?PCN;L >?MIL>?HM PCM_P?CM CMNI ] Ma ;M G;HC@?MN;\d?M ?RN?LCIL?M >? >?MIL>?G

DOMNC@C=;G MO; CHN?LP?H\[I =IGI F?G<L; =IG JIH>?L;\[I '?;H /CP?LI KO?
;CH>; ;=L?M=?HN; I =;LXN?L Je<FC=I >? MO; ;\[I ?G A?L;F IO M?D; ; JIF_=C;
H[I Ma L?MJ?CN; I @ILI _HNCGI =IGI ;CH>; I >IGC=_FCI JLCP;>I ?R=?NI H; G?
>C>; ?G KO? ;M ;NCPC>;>?M KO? ;_ M? >?M?HLIF;L?G NCP?L?G ?@?CNIM ?RN?LHIM
B;P?H>I ;N] G?MGI OG =;LXN?L FCGCN;>I H?MM; ;\[I Y NL;HKOCFC>;>? Y M?
AOL;H\; ? Y M;FO<LC>;>? NO>I M?G JL?DO_TI >? KO? HI =;MI J;LNC=OF;L >;M
JIF_=C;M ?MJ?=C;CM ; HI\[I >? IL>?G Je<FC=; JI>? L?=?<?L OG =IHN?e>I G;CM
P;MNIp[542] +[I CHN?L?MM; Y GCMM[I >;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M >?MM;LN? ;J?H;M
; ?R?=O\[I >I JIFC=C;G?HNI IMN?HMCPI CH=OLMI HI =IH=?CNI G;CM ;<L;HA?HN?
>? oJIF_=C; IMN?HMCP;p =IG PCMN;M Y M?AOL;H\; Je<FC=; G;M N;G<]G em

situaes especficas ; ;NO;\[I ?G IONLIM M?NIL?M >; MI=C?>;>? ILA;HCT;>; m

H[I Ma >? IONLIM aLA[IM JIFC=C;CM ;MMCG J?HM;GIM m >? @ILG; ; A;L;HNCL ;
H[I ;AL?MM[I Y IL>?G Je<FC=; ?G MO; NL_JFC=? ;=?J\[I /?=ILL;GIM G;CM
OG;P?T ;IM?R?GJFIMBCJIN]NC=IM
?G >?N?LGCH;>I "MN;>I >; #?>?L;\[I ; -IF_=C;
CPCF CGJF?
G?HNIO OG; J;L;FCM;\[I NIN;F >? M?O ?@?NCPI >? GI>I KO? H?HBOG L?ACMNLI
>? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; =IGOG JIMM; M?L @?CNI H?MM? =;MI ?G<IL; H[I CHN?A
L;HN? >; @;M? ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; >I =C=FI >? JIF_=C; ; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L JIL >?N?LG
CH;\[I ?MJ?=_@C=; >I B?@? >I -I>?L "R?=ONCPI JI>?LX ;MMOGCL ?MM; ;NCPC>
;>? ?G HIG? >; JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=; @I=;H>I I ;MJ?=NI >; M?AOL
;H\;Je<FC=;
?G >?N?LGCH;>; ;JCN;F IM GINILCMN;M >? bHC<OM >I NL;HMJILN?

=IF?NCPI >?=C>?G JIL OG; J;L;FCM;\[I NIN;F KO? =IGJLIG?N?LX ; NL;HKOCFC>
;>? Je<FC=; F?P;H>I ; OG CH=;F=OFXP?F JL?DO_TI Y ;NCPC>;>? JLI>ONCP; ;KOC

N;G<]G ?G HIG? >; JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=; ;AIL; @I=;H>I ; NL;H
KOCFC>;>? Je<FC=; ; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L JI>?LX MOJLCL ; H?=?MMC>;>? MOLAC>;

=IFI=;H>IM?OMCHN?AL;HN?MH;=IH>O\[I>?bHC<OM>INL;HMJILN?Je<FC=I
?G @;=? >? OG; AL;H>? ?JC>?GC; >? >?N?LGCH;>; >I?H\; F?
P;H>I ; OG M?HM_P?F ;<;FI >; M;e>? Je<FC=; IM CHN?AL;HN?M >;M -IF_=C;M *CF
CN;L?M JI>?G M?L ?GJL?A;>IM JIL ?R?GJFI H; ?FCGCH;\[I >? @I=IM >? CLL;>C
;\[I >; >I?H\; IO ;N] G?MGI JIL M?O =ILJI >? ,@C=C;CM >I .O;>LI >? 0;e>?
HI NL;N;G?HNI >IM ?H@?LGIM DX =IHN;GCH;>IM H?MN? =;MI ?MN;LC; ?G @I=I ;

M;e>?M;FO<LC>;>?Je<FC=;
+IM NL^M ?R?GJFIM MOJL;=CN;>IM ;MMCG ?HN?H>?GIM I GCFCN;L >I
"MN;>I ?MN;LX ?G JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=; JIL @IL\; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F
J;L;@CHM>?MO<MOH\[I>I@;NIH;;F_H?; d >ICH=CMI&&&>I;LN I >I -*
+I KO? M? L?@?L? YM #IL\;M LG;>;M =IGI ;=CG; PCMNI I ;LN >;
# >CMJd? KO? JI>?G >?M?HPIFP?L ;M IJ?L;\d?M >? A;L;HNC; >; F?C ? >; IL>?G
$), B;P?H>IJ?L@?CNI?HKO;>L;G?HNIHI>CMJIMNIH?MN;;F_H?;

+I KO? =IH=?LH? Y A;L;HNC; >; IL>?G ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; IO DO>C=CXLC;

N;G<]G JL?PCMN;M H; ;F_H?; ?G ?MNO>I ?HN?H>?GIM KO? J?F; =IGJL??HM[I
;GJFC;NCP; >;>; Y ?RJL?MM[I oA;L;HNC; ? JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=;p ?M
N[I;KO?F;M;<L;HAC>;MJIL?MN;
.O;HNI Y JL?PCM[I >? KO? ?MM? ?GJL?AI >?P? M?L JIL L?KOCMC\[I F?A
;F oF?A;FG?HN? L?KOCMCN;>I J;L; ;KO?F? @CGp IO JIL OG; IL>?G F?A;F >? MO
J?LCIL o?G I<?>C^H=C; ; >?N?LGCH;\[I F?A;F MOJ?LCILp J;L?=?

HIM a<PCI
KO? I ;GJ;LI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ;=CG; >?GIHMNL;>I JL??H=B? ?MM?M ?F?G?HNIM
HILG;NCPIM
Os crimes militares dolosos contra a vida de civis
CH>; HI ?MNO>I >I ;LN I >I -* >?P?
M? ?RJFIL;L ; ;JFC=;\[I >I
M?O J;LXAL;@I eHC=I ;=L?M=C>I J?F; )?C H ? L?=?HN?G?HN? ;FN?L;>I
J?F; )?C H >? >? DOHBI >? +; L?>;\[I ILCACH;F >? I
J;LXAL;@I ?G =IG?HNI >CMJOHB; o,M =LCG?M >? KO? NL;N; ?MN? ;LNCAI KO;H>I
>IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; ? =IG?NC>IM =IHNL; =CPCF M?L[I >; =IGJ?N^H=C; >;
'OMNC\; IGOGp +; ;NO;F L?>;\[I NL;TC>; J?F; F?C >? ; L?>;\[I =IH
B?=?O J?KO?H; ;FN?L;\[I H; M?AOCHN? IL>?G o,M =LCG?M >? KO? NL;N; ?MN?
;LNCAI KO;H>I >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; ? =IG?NC>IM =IHNL; =CPCF M?L[I >; =IG
J?N^H=C; >; DOMNC\; =IGOG M;FPI KO;H>I JL;NC=;>IM HI =IHN?RNI >? ;\[I
GCFCN;L L?;FCT;>; H; @ILG; >I ;LN >; )?C H >? >? >?T?G<LI >?
m a>CAI L;MCF?CLI >? ?LIHXONC=;p , ;LN >I a>CAI L;MCF?CLI >?
?LIHXONC=; JIL MO; P?T NL;T L?AL;M J;L; ; >?N?H\[I CHN?L>C\[I ? ;JL??HM[I
>? ;?LIH;P? CH=FOMCP? JL?P?H>I ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? >?MNLOC\[I >? ;?LIH;P?
BIMNCF ;<;N? >? ;?LIH;P? =IH@ILG? >CMJd? I g I >I G?MGI ;LNCAI =IG
L?AOF;G?HN;\[I NL;TC>; J?FI !?=L?NI #?>?L;F H >? >? DOFBI >?

-;L; <I; J;LN? >; >IONLCH; J;L; H[I >CT?L MO; NIN;FC>;>? ; )?C H
;I ;MMCG >CMJIL ;JL?M?HNIO DX H; L?>;\[I ILCACH;F >;>; ;I J;LX
AL;@I eHC=I CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? J;N?HN? JILKO;HNI MO; ?>C\[I ;J?H;M

MOJLCGCO ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?RJL?MM; HI ;LN 'OMNC\; *CF
CN;L#?>?L;F?HIg I >I;LN'OMNC\;M*CFCN;L?M"MN;>O;CM>; #

IG ?@?CNI HI KO? =IH=?LH? ;I >?MFI=;G?HNI >? =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L;

; 'OMNC\; IGOG >? DOFA;G?HNI >IM =LCG?M >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; J?LJ?NL;
>IM =IHNL; =CPCM ; )?C H ;JL?M?HNIO @F;AL;HN? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>
;>? , L;=CI=_HCI J;L; ?MM; =IH=FOM[I ] GOCNI MCHA?FI <;MN; OG; MCGJF?M L?
@F?R[I ;=?L=; >I JLCH=_JCI >; MOJL?G;=C; >; IHMNCNOC\[I ? >; C>?C; >? OG;
IHMNCNOC\[I L_AC>; +?MM? M?HNC>I F?R;H>L? >? *IL;?M >? @ILG; JL?=CM; ?
=F;L; ;LAOG?HN; KO? o; ?RCMN^H=C; >? ?M=;FIH;G?HNI HILG;NCPI ] JL?M
MOJIMNI H?=?MMXLCI J;L; ; MOJL?G;=C; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F JICM I=OJ;H>I ; IH
MNCNOC\[I ; BC?L;LKOC; >I MCMN?G; HILG;NCPI ] H?F; KO? I F?ACMF;>IL ?H=IH
NL;LX ; @ILG; >? ?F;<IL;\[I F?ACMF;NCP; ? I M?O =IHN?e>I F]G >CMMI H;M =IH
MNCNOC\d?M L_AC>;M M? P?LC@C=; ; MOJ?LCILC>;>? >; HILG; G;AH; ?G L?F;\[I

YKO?F;M JLI>OTC>;M J?FI -I>?L )?ACMF;NCPI HI ?R?L=_=CI >; @OH\[I F?AC@?L;HN?
IL>CHXLC;p[543] V >CT?L ?G IONLIM N?LGIM KO? H?HBOG; HILG; CH@L;=IH
MNCNO=CIH;F J?FIM JIMNOF;>IM supra JI>? ;@LIHN;L ; )?C *;CIL >I =IHNLXLCI
>?P?LXM?LL?=B;\;>;JILCH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>?
+I =;MI >; )?C H I KO? M? PCO @IC ; G;N?LC;FCT;\[I >?MM;

CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? OG; P?T KO? L?@?LC>; )?C F?C IL>CHXLC; ;FN?LIO ?G
; =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI >? =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>;
>? =CPCM KO? ?L; =IH@?LC>; =IHMNCNO=CIH;FG?HN? YM 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M L?F;NCP
CT;H>I?=IHMJOL=;H>II princpio do juiz natural
JLIJaMCNI >I JLCH=_JCI >I DOCT H;NOL;F >CMJd?G L?MJ?=NCP;G?HN?

IM CH=CMIM 5553&& ? )&&& >I ;LN I >; IHMNCNOC\[I C>;>[ oH[I B;P?LX
DO_TI IO NLC<OH;F >? ?R=?\[Ip ? oHCHAO]G M?LX JLI=?MM;>I H?G M?HN?H=C;>I

M?H[I J?F; ;ONILC>;>? =IGJ?N?HN?p , JLCH=_JCI ?G L?F?PI >?P? M?L CHN?L
JL?N;>I >? @ILG; JF?H; P?>;H>I

M? oH[I Ma ; =LC;\[I >? NLC<OH;CM IO DO_TIM
>? ?R=?\[I G;M N;G<]G >? L?MJ?CNI ;<MIFONI YM L?AL;M I<D?NCP;M >? >?N?LG
CH;\[I >? =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; KO? H[I M?D; ;@?N;>; ; CH>?J?H>^H=C; ? CGJ;L
=C;FC>;>?>IaLA[IDOFA;>ILp[544]
V >? HIN;L H?MM? =?HXLCI KO? I N?RNI ILCACH;F >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I
;LN I HCNC>;G?HN? HILG; >? !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;>D?NCPI ?G OG =IG
J^H>CI KO? JL?N?H>? M?L >? !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L MO<MN;HNCPI H[I ?R=FO_; I

=LCG? >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; JL;NC=;>I =IHNL; =CPCF >; ?M@?L; >IM =LCG?M
GCFCN;L?M
,L; M? I =LCG? ?L; GCFCN;L ? JIL JL?PCM[I ?RJL?MM; >; )?C *;CIL
?L; >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L I >?MFI=;G?HNI >I DOFA;G?HNI J;L; ;
'OMNC\; IGOG G;N?LC;FCT;>I JIL F?C IL>CHXLC; L?MOFN;P; H; MO<GCMM[I >I
DOLCM>C=CIH;>I ; ;ONILC>;>? H[I =IGJ?N?HN? &HN?LJL?N;\d?M >CP?LM;M >?MN;
=IG ; >?PC>; P^HC; <;M?;L;G

M? ?G KO;CMKO?L IONLIM =LCN]LCIM G?HIM ?G
OG=LCN]LCIN]=HC=I
DOL_>C=I
*;FAL;>I ; =IHMNLO\[I supra ;I G?HIM HI ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F ? CMMI

=IG I L?MJ;F>I >I "R=?FMI -L?NaLCI ? >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\;
@CLGIO
M? JIMC\[I DOLCMJLO>?H=C;F HI M?HNC>I >; =IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >; F?C
M?H>I ; JL?PCM[I ?G L?F?PI ;JFC=;>; ?G MO; JF?HCNO>? 3?D;GIM ;FAOHM DOF
A;>IM ?RNL;_>IM >? JLCGILIMI ?MNO>I ?F;<IL;>I JIL 'ILA? ]M;L >?
MMCM[545]
Supremo Tribunal Federal
o LCG?M >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; &HKO]LCNI 'OFA;>; G?>C>; =;ON?F;L
?G ;\[I >CL?N; >? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? ;DOCT;>; J?F; MMI=C;\[I >IM !?F?A
;>IM >? -IF_=C; >I L;MCF m >?JIF m =IHNL; ; )?C KO? ;I >;L HIP;
L?>;\[I ;I ;LN >I a>CAI >? -LI=?MMI -?H;F *CFCN;L >?N?LGCH; KO? qHIM
=LCG?M >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; JL;NC=;>IM =IHNL; =CPCF ; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?H
=;GCHB;LX IM ;ONIM >I CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L Y 'OMNC\; IGOGr

@;MN;H>I ; N?M? >; ;ONIL; >? KO? ; ;JOL;\[I >IM L?@?LC>IM =LCG?M >?P?LC;
M?L @?CN; ?G CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F =CPCF ? H[I ?G CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L I
1LC<OH;F JIL G;CILC; CH>?@?LCO ; FCGCH;L JIL ;OM^H=C; >? L?F?PZH=C; H; ;L
AOC\[I >? I@?HM; ;I CH=CMI &3 >I g I ? ;I g I >I ;LN >; # KO? ;N
LC<O?G YM JIF_=C;M @?>?L;F ? =CPCF I ?R?L=_=CI >;M @OH\d?M >? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC;
? ; ;JOL;\[I >? CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM ?R=?NI ;M GCFCN;L?M IHMC>?LIO
M? KO? I
>CMJIMCNCPI CGJOAH;>I H[I CGJ?>? ; CHMN;OL;\[I J;L;F?F; >? CHKO]LCNI J?F;
JIF_=C; =CPCF 3?H=C>IM IM *CHCMNLIM ?FMI >? *?FFI L?F;NIL *;OL_=CI ILL^;
&FG;L $;FP[I ? 0?JeFP?>; -?LN?H=?p !&H !# L?F J I ;=aL>[I *CH
*;L=IOL]FCI DJU ;<L

Superior Tribunal de Justia

oEmenta -LI=?MMI J?H;F IH@FCNI >? =IGJ?N^H=C; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L
"MN;>O;F ? 'OMNC\; "MN;>O;F IGOG \[I J?H;F ?G =OLMI )?C
JFC=;\[I CG?>C;N; ,M =LCG?M JL?PCMNIM HI ;LN I >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L
KO;H>I >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; ? =IG?NC>IM =IHNL; =CPCF M[I >; =IGJ?N^H=C;
>; 'OMNC\;
IGOG )?C " JIL @IL\; >I JLCH=_JCI >; ;JFC=;\[I
CG?>C;N; >; F?C JLI=?MMO;F -- ;LN I ;@;MN;

M? ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\;
*CFCN;LJ;L;DOFA;L;;\[IJ?H;F?G=OLMI
IH@FCNI =IHB?=C>I J;L; >?=F;L;L =IGJ?N?HN? I ** 'OCT >? !CL?CNI

>; 3;L; >I 'eLC 2HZHCG?p ; 0?\[I
IGJ 0- L?F *CH 'IM]
LH;F>I D

DJU @?P
Tribunal de Justia do Paran
oEmenta IH@FCNI >? =IGJ?N^H=C; LCG?M >? BIGC=_>CI KO;FC@C=;>I
? @;=CFCN;\[I >? @OA; >? JL?MIM I =LCG? >? BIGC=_>CI KO;FC@C=;>I JL;NC=;>I
JIL JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L =IHNL; =CPCF ?G =ODI JLI=?MMI NL;GCN; J?L;HN? ;

'OMNC\; ;MNL?HM? J;MM; Y =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; IGOG M?G KO? B;D;
I@?HM; ;I JLCH=_JCI >I 'OCT H;NOL;Fp =
IGJ
m -;F
G;M $L>? ZG LCG L?F!?M1LINN;1?FF?M D

oEmenta
IH@FCNI >?
IGJ?N^H=C; %IGC=_>CI >IFIMI H; @ILG;
N?HN;>; =IG?NC>I JIL JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I =IHNL; =CPCF IGJ?N^H=C;
>; 'OMNC\; IGOG JFC=;\[I >; )?C &H=I?L^H=C; >? I@?HM; ; >CM
JIMCNCPIM =IHMNCNO=CIH;CM ,M =LCG?M JL?PCMNIM HI ;LN I >I -* KO;H>I

>IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; ? =IG?NC>IM =IHNL; =CPCF =IG I ;>P?HNI >; )?C
J;MM;L;G Y =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; IGOG +[I ] CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;F I ;LN
I g I >; )?C p IGJ

m /?;F?T; $L >? ZG LCG
L?F!?M1LINN;1?FF?M D

M?HNC>I
"G ;>C\[I NIG?

M? DOFA;>I ILCOH>I >? *CH;M $?L;CM HI M?AOCHN?
oEmenta IHP?H=C>I I 'OCT O>CNIL >; ?RCMN^H=C; >? >IFI HI ;NI

JL;NC=;>I JIL JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L >? KO? L?MOFNIO ; GILN? >? OG =CPCF ] =ILL?N; ;

>?=CM[I KO? DOFAIO ; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L CH=IGJ?N?HN? HIM N?LGIM >; )?C
p /0" -LI= ; '*" L?F 'OCT ?F -* );OL?HNCHI >?
H>L;>? #CFI=L? /?=ILL?HN? *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I /?=ILLC>I I 'O_TI >; ;
'*"
*;CM L?=?HN?G?HN? I -L?NaLCI "R=?FMI JIL M?O -F?HI L?;@CLGIO ;
=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >I ;=L]M=CGI >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I ;I ;LN I >I

>?=C>CH>I
-*
oEmenta /?=OLMI ?RNL;IL>CHXLCI F?A;\[I >? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>
;>? >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LNCAI I >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L CHNLI>OTC>I
J?F; )?C >? >? ;AIMNI >? &GJLI=?>^H=C; +I ;LNCAI I >I
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? >?@CH? KO;CM M[I IM =LCG?M KO? ?G N?GJI >? J;T M?
=IHMC>?L;G =IGI GCFCN;L?M @IC CHM?LC>I J?F; )?C >? >? ;AIMNI >?
OG J;LXAL;@I eHC=I KO? >?N?LGCH; KO? qIM =LCG?M >? KO? NL;N; ?MN?
;LNCAI KO;H>I >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; ? =IG?NC>IM =IHNL; =CPCF M?L[I >; =IG
J?N^H=C; >; DOMNC\; =IGOGr ,L; N?H>I MC>I CHM?LC>I ?MM? J;LXAL;@I eHC=I
?G ;LNCAI >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? >?@CH? IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ?G N?GJI
>? J;T ? M?H>I JL?=?CNI >? ?R?A?M? ;MMCG ;LFIM *;RCGCFC;HI q%?L
G?HÔNC=; ? JFC=;\[I >I !CL?CNIr ; ?> H JM #IL?HM? /CI

>? ';H?CLI CHPI=;H>I I ;JICI >? 4CFFIOAB<S I >? KO? qM?GJL? KO? @IL
JIMM_P?F M?G @;T?L >?G;MC;>; PCIF^H=C; YM J;F;PL;M CHN?LJL?N?
M? ; FCH
AO;A?G >; F?C =IG L?M?LP;M N;CM KO? M? NILH? =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ; G?>C>; KO? ?F;
CHMNCNOC IO >CM=CJFCH;r H[I BX >?G;MC; ;FAOG; ?G M? CHN?LJL?N;L H[I I<
MN;HN? MO; @ILG; CGJ?L@?CN; KO? ?F? ;I >?=F;L;L ?G =;LXN?L >? ?R=?\[I KO?
NI>IM IM =LCG?M >? KO? NL;N; I ;LNCAI I >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO;H>I >I
FIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; JL;NC=;>IM =IHNL; =CPCF M[I >; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; DOMNC\;
=IGOG IM N?P? CGJFC=CN;G?HN? =IGI ?R=FO_>IM >I LIF >IM =LCG?M =IHMC>
?L;>IM =IGI GCFCN;L?M JIL ?MM? >CMJIMCNCPI J?H;F =IGJ;NC<CFCT;H>I

M? ;MMCG
=IG I >CMJIMNI HI q=;JONr >I ;LNCAI >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F ILLI<IL;
?MM; CHN?LJL?N;\[I ; =CL=OHMNZH=C; >? KO? H?MM; G?MG; )?C ?G
M?O ;LNCAI I M? GI>C@C=; I q=;JONr >I ;LNCAI >I a>CAI >? -LI=?MMI -?H;F
*CFCN;L ? M? ;=L?M=?HN; ; ?F? OG g I ?R=?NO;H>I
M? >I @ILI GCFCN;L KO? ]
?MJ?=C;F ;M J?MMI;M ; ?F? MOD?CN;M KO;H>I M? NL;N;L >? =LCG? >IFIMI =IHNL; ;

PC>; ?G KO? ; P_NCG; M?D; =CPCF ? ?MN;<?F?=?H>I

M? KO? H?MM?M =LCG?M q;
'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?H=;GCHB;LX IM ;ONIM >I CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L Y DOMNC\;
=IGOGr +[I ] ;>GCMM_P?F KO? M? N?HB; JL?N?H>C>I H; G?MG; F?C ?MN;<?F?
=?L ; G?MG; =IGJ?N^H=C; ?G >CMJIMCNCPI >? OG a>CAI m I -?H;F *CFCN;L m

KO? H[I ] I JLaJLCI J;L; CMMI ? HIONLI >? IONLI a>CAI m I >? -LI=?MMI -?H;F
*CFCN;L m KO? J;L; CMMI ] I ;>?KO;>I /?=OLMI ?RNL;IL>CHXLCI H[I =IHB?=C>Ip
/" *$ L?F J I ;=aL>[I *CH *IL?CL; FP?M >?=CM[I OHZHCG? >I
-F?HI?G

IGI M? P?LC@C=IO HOG JLCG?CLI GIG?HNI JIL PC; =IH=?HNL;>; I

0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F ?G @;=? >? ;\[I >CL?N; >? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? JLIJIMN;
J?F; MMI=C;\[I >IM !?F?A;>IM >? -IF_=C; >I L;MCF[546] ?HN?H>?O KO? I
>CMJIMCNCPI ?G >CM=OMM[I ?L; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F "G OG M?AOH>I GIG?HNI

;AIL; HI =IHNLIF? >C@OMI HI /?=OLMI "RNL;IL>CHXLCI MOJL;=CN;>I I ?HN?H>C
G?HNI >I 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F #?>?L;F ?L; HI M?HNC>I >? KO? I =LCG? >IFIMI
=IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCF =IG ; ?>C\[I >; )?C H J;MM;L; ; M?L =LCG?
=IGOG m @LCM?
M? =IGJL??HM[I F;PL;>; ;HN?M >I ;>P?HNI >; " H
KO? P?L?GIM ;<;CRI m L?;@CLG;H>I ?G OG; CHN?LJL?N;\[I @IL\;>; =IG ;
>?PC>;P^HC; ;=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>?>;F?C?G=IG?HNI
-IL IONLI F;>I BX >?=CMd?M N;G<]G JIL PC; >C@OM; KO? GOCNI ;=?L
N;>;G?HN? ;@;MN;L;G ; =IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >; )?C H >?HNL? ;M

KO;CM JI>?
M? >?MN;=;L JIMC\[I >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L H; M?AOCHN?
=IH@ILGC>;>?
oEmenta /?=OLMI LCGCH;F IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >; 2H
C[I &H=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >?=F;L;>; incidenter tantum >; )?C H >?

HI KO? M? L?@?L? ;I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN I >I -* ? ;I caput >I
;LN ? M?O g I >I --* !?M>? ; M;H\[I >; )?C H >? =IG I
-LID?NI >? )?C ?H=;GCHB;>I ;I IHAL?MMI +;=CIH;F J;L; GI>C@C=X

F;
P?LC@C=;
M? KO? M?O N?RNI L?MOFNIO ?KOCPI=;>I "HKO;HNI H[I I=ILL? ; ;FN?L
;\[I >I N?RNI F?A;F J?F; PC; F?ACMF;NCP; I L?G]>CI ] ; >?=F;L;\[I >? MO; CH=IH
MNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? incidenter tantum =IH@ILG? >CMJd? I ;LN >; # HN?
=?>?HN?M >; ILN? / L H

-" -LIPC>I I L?=OLMI >I /*-* ? >?
=F;L;>; ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >; 2HC[I J;L; ;NO;L HI @?CNI

!?=CM[I OHZHCG?p =

/' >?=CM[I >?

L?F
*CHF>I>;0CFP;#;AOH>?M
!?MM;LN? I ?HN?H>CG?HNI DOLCMJLO>?H=C;F >IGCH;HN? ?L; I >? KO?

IM =LCG?M ?G ;JL?\I >?P?LC;G M?L DOFA;>IM J?F; 'OMNC\; IGOG "MM; L?;FC>
;>? F?PIO GOCNIM Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? M? ; F?C H[I ?L; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;F ;N]
G?MGI H; PCM[I >; ILN? *;CIL MIG?HN? OG; MIFO\[I JI>?LC; M?L >;>; ;I
JLI<F?G; =IH=FOCL ; @aL=?JM KO? IM =LCG?M >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; JL;NC=;>IM

JIL GCFCN;L?M =IHNL; =CPCM >?CR;L;G >? M?L =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M =IG I ;>P?HNI
>; )?C H =IGI I @?T I 0OJL?GI HI /" H *$ =OD;
?G?HN; G?H=CIH;GIM ;=CG; -IL ?MM; L;T[I GOCNI <?G I<M?LP; ]FCI
)I<[I ;=?LN;LC; I F?ACMF;>IL IL>CHXLCI M? MCGJF?MG?HN? ONCFCT;MM? ;
M?AOCHN? L?>;\[I o,M =LCG?M >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; JL;NC=;>IM =IHNL; =CPCM
H[I M[I =LCG?M GCFCN;L?Mp[547] , N?RNI C>?;FCT;>I JIL ]FCI )I<[I >?
L?>;\[I MCGJF?M ? >CL?N; MIFO=CIH;LC; M?G H?=?MMC>;>? >? H?HBOG; =IH
MNLO\[I G?N;DOL_>C=; ; KO?MN[I JILKO;HNI I -I>?L IHMNCNOCHN? ILCACHXLCI

;NLC<OCO ;I F?ACMF;>IL IL>CHXLCI ; N;L?@; >? >?@CHCL I CF_=CNI J?H;F GCFCN;L
o=LCG?M GCFCN;L?M >?@CHC>IM ?G F?Cp =IHMCAH;G IM ;LNM ? g I >;
#
JLXRCM >?GIHMNLIO KO? ; CHN?LJL?N;\[I JIL >?MH;NOL;\[I >I >?
FCNI >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCF J;L; I =;NXFIAI >IM =LCG?M =IGOHM ?L; ;
G;CM ;>?KO;>; ? PCXP?F OG; P?T KO? ;M =IH>?H;\d?M >? GCFCN;L?M >IM "MN;
>IM ;JaM I MOLACG?HNI >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN I M? >?L;G =IG F;MNLI HI
;LN>I - ?H[IHI;LN >I -*
MCNO;\[I ?M<I\;>; ;=CG; J?LG;H?=?O CH?LN? HI KO? =IH=?LH? ;I

=LCG? GCFCN;L >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCF J?LJ?NL;>I JIL GCFCN;L?M >;M
#IL\;M LG;>;M DX KO? ; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H [548] H[I ;F
N?LIOI;LN>; #
IGI M? >?GIHMNLIO >ICM =;GCHBIM JI>?LC;G M?L M?AOC>IM ?G @;=?

>; L?;FC>;>? ;JL?M?HN;>; >?MH;NOL;L I =LCG? >I LIF >IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M IO
=IHMC>?L;L ; )?C H J;LNC=OF;LG?HN? HI KO? =IH=?LH? ;I J;LXAL;@I

eHC=I >I ;LN CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;F CMMI J?FI =IHNLIF? >C@OMI >?

=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>?
I
#?FCTG?HN? HI ZG<CNI >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >; 2HC[I JL?P;F?=?O ;

L;=CIH;FC>;>? N]=HC=I
DOL_>C=; , 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L ;@;MNIO ; ;J
FC=;\[I >I >CMJIMCNCPI L?=IHB?=?H>I MO; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? incidenter

tantum JIMC\[I KO? >?P? M?L G;HNC>; M;FPI M? BIOP?L OG; HIP; ;FN?L;\[I
HI =?HXLCI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F *?MGI =IG ; L?=?HN? ;FN?L;\[I >I J;LXAL;@I

eHC=I NL;TC>; J?F; )?C H HIN?
M? ; MCNO;\[I =IHNCHO; ; G?MG;
IO M?D; I >CMJIMCNCPI ?G<IL; @;\; L?MM;FP; ;IM @;NIM MO<MOGC>IM J?FI ;LN
>I a>CAI L;MCF?CLI >? ?LIHXONC=; =ODI DOFA;G?HNI M?LC; >? =IG
J?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >; 2HC[I G;HN?P? IM >?G;CM @;NIM >IFIMIM =IHNL;
; PC>; >? =CPCF MI? =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 'OMNC\; IGOG ?G @F;A
L;HN?>?ML?MJ?CNI;I>CMJIMNIHI;LN>; IHMNCNOC\[I#?>?L;F
MCNO;\[I NI>;PC; A;HBIO HIPIM ?F?G?HNIM HI KO? =IH=?LH? ;I

!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L HI ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F IM KO;CM @IL;G NL;TC>IM =IG ; HIP;
L?>;\[I >;>; ;I g I >I ;LN >; # JIL @IL\; >; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F
H
"G KO? J?M? ; HIMM; =IHPC=\[I >? KO? ; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H

N;G<]G J;>?=? >? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>?[549] ? ;CH>; KO?
?RCMN;G DOMN;M =L_NC=;M N?=C>;M Y HIP; L?>;\[I >I ;LN >; ;LN; *[? ?
H?MM? JLIJaMCNI GOCNI @?FCT @IC 'ILA? ]M;L >? MMCM[550] ?G OG JIHNI I
=IHMNCNOCHN? >?LCP;>I J;L?=? N?L G]LCNI CH=IHN?MN? =;CO JIL N?LL; ; >CM=OMM[I
MI<L? ; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN I >I a>CAI
;MNL?HM?HIZG<CNI>;M'OMNC\;M*CFCN;L?M"MN;>O;CM
, HIPI N?RNI ] =F;LI ;I =IHM;AL;L ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1LC<OH;F >I
'eLC J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCF
J?LJ?NL;>IMJILGCFCN;L?M>IM"MN;>IM
*;AH;
3?D;GIM I KO? =IHMCAH; ; HIP; L?>;\[I >I g I >I ;LN >; ;LN;

o IGJ?N? Y 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?MN;>O;F JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L IM GCFCN;L?M

>IM "MN;>IM HIM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M >?@CHC>IM ?G F?C ? ;M ;\d?M DO>C=C;CM =IHNL;
;NIM >CM=CJFCH;L?M GCFCN;L?M ressalvada a competncia do jri quando a vtima for civil =;<?H>I ;I NLC<OH;F =IGJ?N?HN? >?=C>CL MI<L? ; J?L>; >I
JIMNI?>;J;N?HN?>IMI@C=C;CM?>;AL;>O;\[I>;MJL;\;MpAH
+CNC>;G?HN? I 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC ?G OG; MCNO;\[I ?R=?J=CIH;F
NL;TC>; J?F; JLaJLC; IHMNCNOC\[I J;MMIO ; DOFA;L =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M >IFIMIM

=IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCM IO M?D; ;I =IHNLXLCI >I KO? M? JL;NC=IO ;N] I ;>P?HNI
>; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F ?G ;JL?\I IM JLI=?MMIM >?P?L[I N?L =OLMI JIL CH
=ILL^H=C; >I DOLCM>C=CIH;>I HIM ;LNM IO >I -* ;CH>; KO? I

1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC H; ;NO;FC>;>? M?D; ?RJL?MM[I >; 'OMNC\; IGOG !CT
M?
;KOC oH; ;NO;FC>;>?p JILKO? ;I =IHNLXLCI >I KO? @?T ; )?C H ; ;NO
;F L?>;\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F G?H=CIH; ;J?H;M I aLA[I DOFA;>IL 1LC<OH;F >I

'eLC KO? H[I H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? >?P? CHN?AL;L ; 'OMNC\; IGOG JI>?H>I J?L
@?CN;G?HN? M?L CHMN;F;>I H; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L[551] *;M @;\;GIM ; ;HXFCM? >;

MCNO;\[I >? ;=IL>I =IG I KO? I=ILL? H; ;NO;FC>;>? IO M?D; I DOFA;G?HNI >I
>?FCNI GCFCN;L >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCF J?FI 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC =IGI aLA[I
>;'OMNC\; IGOG
%X KO? @LCM;L ?G OG; FCHB; CHC=C;F >? L;=CI=_HCI KO? I oJI>?L =IH
MNCNOCHN? JI>? M?L =IH=?CNO;>I =IGI I JI>?L >? ?F;<IL;L ? H?MN? =;MI M?LX
ILCACHXLCI IO;NO;FCT;LOG; IHMNCNOC\[I ;NL;P]M>;MOJL?MM[I GI>C@C=;\[I
IO ;=L]M=CGI >? HILG;M =IHMNCNO=CIH;CM M?H>I H?MN; eFNCG; MCNO;\[I >?
LCP;>I >I ILCACHXLCIp[552] IGI M? PCMFOG<L; I -I>?L IHMNCNOCHN? JI>?

M?L ILCACHXLCI >CL?NI >? JLCG?CLI AL;O CHC=C;F CH;OAOL;F IO >?LCP;>I CH
>CL?NI >? M?AOH>I AL;O CHMNCNO_>I >?LCP;>I IO M?=OH>XLCI "MN? CHN?L?MM;

;IN?G;?GL?F?PI JILKO;HNI>?F?ILCACH;
M?;?G?H>;=IHMNCNO=CIH;F
, -I>?L IHMNCNOCHN? >?LCP;>I ;FN?L; ; IHMNCNOC\[I ?G PCA^H=C;

I<?>?=?H>I YM L?AL;M G;N?LC;CM ? @ILG;CM H?F; JL?PCMN;M IO ?MNLONOL; =;F
=;>I H; =;J;=C>;>? >? ;ONI

ILA;HCT;\[I ; IHMNCNOC\[I >IM "MN;>IM
*?G<LIM 1L;N;
M? >? OG JI>?L MO<IL>CH;>I ? =IH>C=CIH;>I ? =IG JLI=?>
CG?HNIJL?PCMNIH; IHMNCNOC\[I?GPCAIL

3;F? >CT?L KO? ; ;FN?L;\[I >I N?RNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F JIL ?G?H>; H[I ]
FCPL? FCGCN;H>I
M? J?FI KO? ?MN;<?F?=?O I JLaJLCI -I>?L IHMNCNOCHN? ILC
ACHXLCI "MM; =;L;=N?L_MNC=; L?MM;FN?

M? ] KO? =IH@?L? Y HIMM; IHMNCNOC\[I
KO;HNI Y ;FN?L;<CFC>;>? ;M =F;MMC@C=;\d?M >? L_AC>; ? J;L=C;FG?HN? ;FN?LXP?F
!?MM;LN? I =IHMNCNOCHN? >?LCP;>I >?P? I<M?LP;L FCGCN?M J;L; ;FN?L;L ; )?C
*;CIL IM KO;CM M[I >? H;NOL?T; @ILG;F quorum >? ;JLIP;\[I ? LCNI >C@?L?H
=C;>I J;L; ; ;FN?L;\[I >; IHMNCNOC\[I m ;LN & && ? &&& ? g I >; # =CL
=OHMN;H=C;F ;LN g I >; # m o IHMNCNOC\[I H[I JI>?LX M?L ?G?H>;>;

H; PCA^H=C; >? CHN?LP?H\[I @?>?L;F >? ?MN;>I >? >?@?M; IO >? ?MN;>I >? M_
NCIp G;N?LC;F =IHN?e>I G;N?LC;F >; IHMNCNOC\[I KO? H[I JI>? M?L ;F
N?L;>I M[I ;M =FXOMOF;M J]NL?;M JL?PCMN;M HI ;LN g I m @ILG; @?>?L;NCP;

>? "MN;>I PINI >CL?NI M?=L?NI J?LCa>C=I ? OHCP?LM;F M?J;L;\[I >IM -I>?L?M
>CL?CNIM ? A;L;HNC;M CH>CPC>O;CM ? CGJF_=CN; P?>;

M? ; ;FN?L;\[I >;M HILG;M
FCGCN;>IL;M>?;FN?L;\[I=IHMNCNO=CIH;F
V JLCGIL>C;F L?MM;FN;L KO? ; o?G?H>; Y IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F ?H
KO;HNI JLIJIMN; ] =IHMC>?L;>; OG ;NI CH@L;=IHMNCNO=CIH;F M?G KO;FKO?L

HILG;NCPC>;>? Ma CHAL?MM;H>I HI IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I ;JaM MO; ;JLIP;\[I
passando ento a ser preceito constitucional, de mesma hierarquia de normas constitucionais originriasp[553]
HIP; L?>;\[I NL;TC>; J?FI g I >I ;LN G;HN]G ; =IGJ?N^H=C;
>; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >IM "MN;>IM J;L; JLI=?MM;L ? DOFA;L IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ;
?R=?\[I >? OG; ?MJ]=C? KO;F M?D; I =LCG? GCFCN;L >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; >?
=CPCF KO? J;MMIO ; M?L >? =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC ;AIL; JIL OG;
?R=?\[IF_GJC>; IDO_TIH;NOL;FJ;L;N;F>?FCNI
-IL ?MNL;HBI KO? JIMM; J;L?=?L ?MM; ] ; HIP; L?;FC>;>? ; M?L
L?=IHB?=C>;
?MNL;HB?T; HI ?HN;HNI =IG?\; ; M? >CMMCJ;L HI GIG?HNI >; CH
=OLM[I J?FI =;LXN?L ?MJ?=C;F >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ? JIL I=;MC[I >; ;HXFCM?
>I!CL?CNI IGJ;L;>I
'X ;@CLG;GIM KO? ; ?MJ?=C;FC>;>? >I !CL?CNI -?H;F
;MNL?HM? ?G
PCM[I BI>C?LH; H[I M? JL?H>? Y ?RCMN^H=C; >? OG; DOMNC\; ?MJ?=C;F G;M ;I

<?G DOL_>C=I NON?F;>I KO? ?G HIMM; PCM[I NL;>OT

M? J?F; L?AOF;LC>;>? >;M
CHMNCNOC\d?M GCFCN;L?M[554] !CMMI M? =IH=FOC KO? ; ?RCMN^H=C; >? OG !CL?CNI
-?H;F ?MJ?=C;F H[I =F;G; H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? J?F; CHMN;F;\[I >? OG; DOMNC\; ?M
J?=C;F ,<PC;G?HN? KO? M? ?F; ?MNCP?L CHMN;F;>; HI ZG<CNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F

MO;=IGJ?N^H=C;BX>?M?LL?=IHB?=C>;
CHMaFCN; MCNO;\[I =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M DOFA;>IM J?F; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?
?G ;FAOHM =;MIM J?F; 'OMNC\; IGOG H; ;NO;F =IGJIMC\[I ;>?G;CM JI>?

M?L ?H=IHNL;>; HI !CL?CNI IGJ;L;>I +?MM? M?HNC>I F?G<L;GIM =CN;\[I DX
G?H=CIH;>; ;=?L=; >; L?;FC>;>? @L;H=?M; KO;H>I ?RNCHN; H; #L;H\; ;
'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ;ONILCT;H>I =IHNO>I MO; G;HON?H\[I DOHNI YM NLIJ;M ?MN;
=CIH;>;MIO?GIJ?L;\[I@IL;>IN?LLCNaLCI@L;H=^M[555]
V H?=?MMXLCI KO? M? L?MM;FN? ?G ;>C\[I ;IM ;LAOG?HNIM ;JL?M?HN;
>IM KO? ; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F M? =IGJd? >? OG =IHDOHNI >? JLIJIMC\d?M

KO? JIL OG; ;HXFCM? JIHNO;F F?P;LC; ; OG; CLL;=CIH;FC>;>? >? >C@_=CF =IG
JIMC\[I !CMMI >?=ILL? KO? >?P? ?F; M?L CHN?LJL?N;>; >? @ILG; MCMN^GC=;
=IGI ;FCXM I>?P?M?LIJLaJLCI!CL?CNI
/;=CI=CH?GIM CHC=C;FG?HN? J?F; HI\[I ?F?G?HN;L >? MCMN?G;
IGI GOCNI <?G CFOGCH; -;OFI >? ;LLIM ;LP;FBI I MCMN?G; ?G M?O MCAHC
@C=;>I >? <;M? o;J;L?=? =IGI I I<D?NI @ILG;>I >? JIL\d?M KO? M? PCH=OF;G
>?<;CRI >? OG JLCH=_JCI OHCNXLCI IO =IGI ; =IGJIMC\[I >? J;LN?M ILC?HN;>;M
JIL OG P?NIL =IGOG ,H>? BIOP?L OG =IHDOHNI >? ?F?G?HNIM L?F;=CIH;>IM
?HNL? MC ? ;AFONCH;>IM J?L;HN? OG; L?@?L^H=C; >?N?LGCH;>; N?L?GIM ; HI\[I

@OH>;G?HN;F >? MCMN?G;p[556] ,M MCMN?G;M =IGJF?N; I =;LI G?MNL? JI>?G
M?L L?;CM o@ILG;>IM JIL I<D?NIM ?RNL;FCHAO_MNC=IM N;HNI >I GOH>I @_MC=I IO
H;NOL;F =IGI >I MI=C;F >; G;H?CL; G?MG; KO? ?F?M ;J;L?=?G Y CHNOC\[I
M?HM_P?F >I M?L =IAHIM=?HN? ?RC<CH>I MO; L?F;\[I >? =;OM;FC>;>? 0[I ALOJ;
G?HNIM >? ?HNC>;>?M KO? M? PCH=OF;G G?>C;HN? F;\IM =IHMN;HN?M ? NO>I MO<
IL>CH;>I ; OG JLCH=_JCI =IGOG OHC@C=;>ILp[557] JIL ?R?GJFI MCMN?G;

MIF;L MCMN?G; M;HAO_H?I ?N= IO JLI
JIMC=CIH;CM o=IGJIMNIM JIL JLI
JIMC\d?M JL?MMOJIH>I JILN;HNI FCHAO;A?Gp[558]

,M MCMN?G;M JLIJIMC=CIH;CM JIL MO; P?T JI>?G M?L =CH>C>IM ?G

HIGIFaAC=IM G?L;G?HN? @ILG;CM ?G KO? ;M J;LN?M =IGJIH?HN?M M[I o?H
NC>;>?M C>?;CM =IGI H; )aAC=; H; *;N?GXNC=; ?N=p[559] ? HIGI?GJ_LC=IM

=IGJIMNIM JIL oJLIJIMC\d?M =IG L?@?L^H=C;M ?GJ_LC=;Mp[560] ,M sistemas proposicionais nomoempricos JIL @CG JI>?G M?L >?M=LCNCPIM o=IGI HI
=;MI >? MCMN?G;M >? ?HOH=C;>IM =C?HN_@C=IMp[561] IO JL?M=LCNCPIM o=IGI
;=IHN?=? =IG IM MCMN?G;M KO? M? >CLCA?G Y =IH>ON; MI=C;F J;L; ;FN?LX
F;p[562]
MMCG o;M HILG;M DOL_>C=;M @ILG;G OG MCMN?G; H; G?>C>; ?G KO?

M? L?F;=CIH;G >? PXLC;M G;H?CL;M M?AOH>I OG JLCH=_JCI OHC@C=;>IL 1L;N;
M?
>I >CL?CNI JIMNI KO? ;J;L?=? HI GOH>I CHN?AL;>I HOG; =;G;>; >? FCH
AO;A?GJL?M=LCNCP;p[563]
+; ;=IGI>;\[I CHN?LH; >?MM? MCMN?G; ; FaAC=; >? @OH=CIH;G?HNI

=IHP?LA? NI>; ; ?MNLONOL; J;L; ; HILG; @OH>;G?HN;F KO? JIL MO; P?T ] ;
<;M?>?>?LCP;\[I>?NI>;M;M>?G;CMHILG;M
F?LN?
M? KO? I >CL?CNI JIMNI H[I M? =IH@OH>? =IG ; C^H=C; >I
!CL?CNI KO? GOCNI ?G<IL; M? =IH@CAOL? ?G OG MCMN?G; HIGI?GJ_LC=I H[I ]
JL?M=LCNCPI G;M oN?IL]NC=I IO >?=F;L;NaLCI P?LNC>I ?G FCHAO;A?G KO? M?
JLIJd? M?L ?GCH?HN?G?HN? =C?HN_@C=;p[564] C^H=C; >I !CL?CNI N?G M?O
@I=I N?GXNC=I L?JIOM;>I MI<L? I @?HbG?HI FCHAO_MNC=I >I >CL?CNI JIMNI =IH
DOHNI>??HOH=C;>IMJL?M=LCNCPIM[565]
-ICM <?G ; IL>?G DOL_>C=; JXNLC; H; FCHB; >? L;=CI=_HCI >I G?MGI
;ONIL =IHMNCNOC OG MCMN?G; >? HILG;M KO? JI>?G M?L >? =IGJILN;G?HNI
PIFN;>;M J;L; ;M =IH>ON;M >;M J?MMI;M ?HOG?L;H>I I =IHN?e>I >?bHNC=I >I
MCMN?G; >I dever ser IO >? ?MNLONOL; ;KO?F;M KO? >CMJd?G MI<L? aLA[IM
JLI=?>CG?HNIM??MN;NO?GIGI>I>?=LC;\[I??RNCH\[I>;ML?AL;M
"MM? MCMN?G; DOL_>C=I ] =IGJIMNI JIL oMO<MCMN?G;M KO? M? ?HNL?
=LOT;G ?G GeFNCJF;M >CL?\d?M G;M KO? M? ;@OHCF;G H; <OM=; >? M?O @OH>;
G?HNI eFNCGI >? P;FC>;>? M?GZHNC=; KO? ] ; IHMNCNOC\[I >I L;MCF " ?MN;
JIL MO; P?T =IHMNCNOC N;G<]G OG MO<MCMN?G; I G;CM CGJILN;HN? KO? J;CL;
MI<L;H=?CLI MI<L? NI>IM IM >?G;CM ?G PCLNO>? >? MO; JLCPCF?AC;>; JIMC\[I

BC?LXLKOC=; I=OJ;H>I I NaJC=I MOJ?LCIL >I IL>?H;G?HNI ? BIMJ?>;H>I ;M

>CL?NLCT?M MO<MN;H=C;CM KO? L?A?G ; NIN;FC>;>? >I MCMN?G; DOL_>C=I H;=CIH
;Fp[566]
IGI M? P?LC@C=; IM MO<MCMN?G;M >I IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I >?P?G
M?L >?M?HPIFPC>IM ? CHN?LJL?N;>IM =IGI @?HbG?HI >? FCHAO;A?G >? @ILG;
CHN?AL;>; HI M?HNC>I >? =IH@ILG;L ; L?F;\[I DOL_>C=; =IG I GIN? CGJIMNI
J?F; IHMNCNOC\[I#?>?L;F
"G M?HNC>I J;L;F?FI N;G<]G M? >?P? N?L ?G G?HN? KO? ?F; ; IH
MNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F JIL M?O =IHDOHNI >? HILG;M >? =IGJILN;G?HNI ? >? ?MNLO
NOL; ?MN;M ?G JL?>IGCHZH=C; =IHMNCNOC OG MO<MCMN?G; KO? JIMMOC FaAC=;
JLaJLC; IO J?FI G?HIM OG; FaAC=; H[I =IH>C=CIH;>; JIL IONLI MO<MCMN?G;
+I CHN?LCIL >?MM? MO<MCMN?G; @CAOL;G JLIJIMC\d?M >CP?LM;M KO? JIL P?T?M
=IFC>?G ?RCACH>I OG; CHN?LJL?N;\[I ?HNL?F;\;>; >?HNLI >I JLaJLCI MO<
MCMN?G; 1;F =IFCM[I JI>?LX I=ILL?L G?MGI JIL HILG;M =IHMNCNO=CIH;CM >?
=ILL?HN?M >? ?G?H>;M DX KO? CHN?AL;G ; J;LNCL >I NL;HM=ILL?L >? M?O iter >?
=IH=?J\[I I JLaJLCI N?RNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F =IG ; G?MG; BC?L;LKOC; V >CT?L
KO? H?MM; FaAC=; ;M J?LGCMMd?M L?MNLC\d?M CGJIMC\d?M ?N= >?P?G CHN?L;ACL
>? GI>I ; NILH;L I MO<MCMN?G; =IHALO?HN? I KO? ] J?L@?CN;G?HN? PCXP?F
JILKO;HNIIMO<MCMN?G;=IHMNCNO=CIH;FJI>?;ONIFCGCN;L
M?
j AOCM; >? ?R?GJFI I >CL?CNI Y AL?P? ?RJL?MM; ?MM; CHN?L

L?F;\[I >?
JLIJIMC\d?M >?HNLI >I JLaJLCI MO<MCMN?G; ;GJFCNO>? =IH@?LC>; HI ;LN I
M?AOH>I I KO;F ] ;MM?AOL;>I I >CL?CNI Y AL?P? ?H=IHNL; FCGCN;\[I HI JLaJLCI

1?RNI *;CIL HI KO? =IH=?LH? ;IM GCFCN;L?M DX KO? I CH=CMI &3 >I g I >I ;LN
P?>;?RJL?MM;G?HN?;IMGCFCN;L?MI?R?L=_=CI>?MM?>CL?CNI
JFC=;H>I I L;=CI=_HCI ?RJIMNI ;I N?G; >; JL?M?HN? =IHMNLO\[I N?L
_;GIM KO? IM MO<MCMN?G;M J?H;F IO JLI=?MMO;F J?H;F D;G;CM JI>?LC;G

;@LIHN;L P;FC>;G?HN? I MO<MCMN?G; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F =IGI I @?T ; )?C H
"G G?MGI M?HNC>I I MO<MCMN?G; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F =IH@?LCO ?G HIG? >I
"MN;>I >? !CL?CNI MI=C;F ? >?GI=LXNC=I ;I ;ONIL >? OG CHDOMNI J?H;F =;JCNO
F;>I =IGI >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; I >CL?CNI >? M?L DOFA;>I JIL F?CAIM KO? ?HN?H
>?LC;G JIL M?L?G J;L?M ;M J?=OFC;LC>;>?M ;@?N;M ;I @;NI[567] JIL]G I

JLaJLCI MO<MCMN?G; ?R=?J=CIHIO ; L?AL; ;I NL;N;L >IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M =IH
@?LCH>I YM 'OMNC\;M *CFCN;L?M ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI J;L; N;CM =LCG?M

CH=FOMCP? ;KO?F?M >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; IG I HIPI N?RNI >I g I >I ;LN
>; # I =IHMNCNOCHN? ?R=?J=CIHIO ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI >;M 'OMNC\;M
*CFCN;L?M "MN;>O;CM ;AIL; ?G M?HNC>I IJIMNI ;I G?HIM HI KO? =IH=?LH? ;IM
;NIM J?LJ?NL;>IM =IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCF L?NCL;H>I
; >?MN;M ? >?MFI=;H>I
;
J;L;;'OMNC\; IGOG1LC<OH;F>I'eLC
-?FI KO? ;N] ;KOC M? ;>OTCO =IH=FOC

M? KO? H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F I
=LCG? >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCF =IHNCHO; ; M?L =LCG? GCFCN;L[568] B;P
?H>I JIL]G ;=IGJ?N^H=C;>?DOFA;G?HNIJ?FI1LC<OH;F>I'eLC

CH>; =IG F;MNLI H; )?C *;CIL =OGJL? ?FO=C>;L KO? ; GCMM[I =IH
MNCNO=CIH;F >; -IF_=C; CPCF =CHA?

M? JIL @IL\; >I g I >I ;LN L?MM;FP;>;
; =IGJ?N^H=C; >; 2HC[I YM o@OH\d?M >? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC;p ? Y o;JOL;\[I >?

CH@L;\d?MJ?H;CM exceto as militarespAH
?G =F;L; H; FaAC=; >I MO<MCMN?G; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ; ?R=?\[I =LC;>;
J?FI F?ACMF;>IL =IHMNCNOCHN? HI M?HNC>I >? KO? ; CH@L;\[I J?H;F GCFCN;L @C=;MM?
YG;LA?G>;M;NLC<OC\d?M>;M-IF_=C;M CPCM
,M =LCG?M >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCM J?LJ?NL;>IM JIL GCFCN;L?M

>IM "MN;>IM ;I ?H=IHNL;L?G ; JF?H; NCJC=C>;>? HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN
;L[569] M?L[I >? ;NLC<OC\[I ;JOL;NaLC; >;M ;ONILC>;>?M >? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC;
GCFCN;L ?HN?H>;
M? >I IG;H>;HN? >? 2HC>;>? ? HIM =;MIM >? >?F?A;\[I
>I ,@C=C;F >? M?LPC\I >?F?A;>I IGI L?@F?RI ;M G?>C>;M JL?PCMN;M HI ;LN
>I --* >?P?G M?L ?H=?N;>;M J?FI ,@C=C;F =IG ;NLC<OC\[I >? JIF_=C; DO>C
=CXLC;GCFCN;L ?H[IJ?FI!?F?A;>I>?-IF_=C;
"G<IL; GOCNI =F;L; ?MM; =IHMNLO\[I H[I ] J;=_@C=; MO; ;=?CN;\[I
?G ?MJ?=C;F HI "MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI FAOG;M J?MMI;M ?MJ?=C;FG?HN? CHN?A
L;HN?M >; -IF_=C; CPCF =IHNCHO;G ?HN?H>?H>I KO? ; )?C H NL;HM
@ILGIO I =LCG? ?G ;JL?\I ?G OG >?FCNI =IGOG I KO? H[I @IC ;FN?L;>I =IG
; ?>C\[I >; " H "MM; =IGJL??HM[I >? @ILG; H?@;MN; ?MN;P; F?
P;H>I ; ;FAOHM I@C=C;CM M?L?G ;=OM;>IM ;<MOL>;G?HN? JIL >?FCNIM =IGI JL?
P;LC=;\[I >?MI<?>C^H=C; ;<OMI >? ;ONILC>;>? ?N= JILKO;HNI ?MN;LC;G

H?MM; NIM=; PCM[I ?R?L=?H>I CLL?AOF;LG?HN? ; JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L H;

;JL??HM[I >? I<D?NIM ? CHMNLOG?HNIM >I =LCG? =IG =IHM?KO?HN? MIFC=CN;\[I
>?J?L_=C;
&HC=C;FG?HN? ; L?;\[I @IC CH>CPC>O;F IO M?D; I I@C=C;F ;=OM;>I ?G
JLI=?>CG?HNI >? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; =IGOG JIL OG >?MM?M =LCG?M <OM=IO ;
NON?F; DOLCM>C=CIH;F J?F; PC; >I habeas corpus N?HN;H>I I<MN;L I =OLMI >;
;JOL;\[I I<N?H>I CH?KO_PI=I MO=?MMI "G<IL; N?HB;G MC>I PXLCIM =;MIM

NIG?GIM =IGI <;M? OG ?JCMa>CI I=ILLC>I H; =C>;>? >? &NCL;JCH;0- IH>? ;
!L; "FC?N? >? #XNCG; $O;LHC?LC 'O_T; >? !CL?CNI >; 3;L; !CMNLCN;F >;KO?F;
2L<? HI -LI=?MMI H ;JL?=C;H>I I =;MI ?G KO? OG I@C=C;F >;
-IF_=C; *CFCN;L M? PCO I<LCA;>I ; CHAL?MM;L =IG habeas corpus JL?P?HNCPI ?G
@;=? >? I !?F?A;>I >? -IF_=C; FI=;F JL?N?H>?L CH>C=CX

FI JIL >?MI<?>C^H=C;
F;PLIO;CLL?NI=XP?FM?HN?H\;
o3CMNIM
$ ' CGJ?NLIO \[I >? q%;<?;M ILJOMr -L?P?HNCPI ?G M?O @;PIL
CH>C=;H>I =IGI ;ONILC>;>? =I;NIL; I !")"$!, !" -,)v & !"

&1&/-&+ ? L?KO?L?O I ;LKOCP;G?HNI >I <IF?NCG >? I=ILL^H=C; H
;HN?;CH?RCMN^H=C;>?DOMN;=;OM;J;L;;F;PL;NOL;>?MN?
'OMNC@C=IO M?O J?>C>I =IG ; ;F?A;\[I >? KO? ?G >? IONO<LI >?
I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L 0 0 >OL;HN? ;N?H>CG?HNI >? I=ILL^H=C; >?
@OLNI N?HN;>I >? =;GCHB[I ? =;LA; ?@?NOIO >CMJ;LI =IG ; ?MJCHA;L>; >; IL
JIL;\[I >? G;L=; H GI>?FI

>; KO;F ?L; >?N?HNIL
PCH>I ; =;OM;L F?M[I =ILJIL;F HI =CPCF # KO? H; I=;MC[I =IH>OTC; OG
=;GCHB[I MO<NL;_>I HI ONI -IMNI ;\;>IL ? I ;LL?G?MMIO =IHNL; ;KO?F?
"H=?LL;>I I ;N?H>CG?HNI CG?>C;NI >; I=ILL^H=C; I =CPCF @?LC>I H; J?LH;
@IC MI=ILLC>I ? =IH>OTC>I JL?MI ;N] ; >?F?A;=C; >? JIF_=C; >? &NCL;JCH; J;L;
;M JLIPC>^H=C;M KO? M? @;TC;G H?=?MMXLC;M HI ZG<CNI >; JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC;
=IGOG M?H>I ;ONO;>I ?G @F;AL;HN? >?FCNI J?FI >?F?A;>I ' # $
-;L;F?F;G?HN? CHMN;OLIO
M? CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L ?G @;=? >I 0IF>;>I
M?H>I >?N?LGCH;>; ; ;JL??HM[I >; ;LG; >? @IAI ;HN? M?O CHN?L?MM? J;L; ;
;JOL;\[I >I =LCG? GCFCN;L ?G N?M? I=ILLC>I "M=;F;>I =IGI I I@C=C;F

L?MJIHMXP?F J?FIM NL;<;FBIM >? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L I CGJ?NL;HN? F;PLIO

; JILN;LC; >? &-* H ;JL??H>?O ; ?MJCHA;L>; ? >?O =C^H=C; Y ;ONIL
C>;>? ;JIHN;>; =IGI =I;NIL; JIL I@_=CI >;M G?>C>;M NIG;>;M HI ZG<CNI >;
JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L "MNL;HB;G?HN? ; ;ONILC>;>? JIFC=C;F =CPCF >?M=IH
B?=?H>I ;M HILG;M KO? >CM=CJFCH;G ; ;JOL;\[I >I =LCG? GCFCN;L J;MMIO ;

?RCACL CH>?PC>;G?HN? KO? I CGJ?NL;HN? H[I ;JL??H>?MM? ; ?MJCHA;L>; G;M
; ;JL?M?HN;MM? ; ?F; MI< J?H; >? M?L L?ACMNL;>I <IF?NCG >? I=ILL^H=C; JIL
=LCG? >? >?MI<?>C^H=C; 1;F <IF?NCG ;=;<IO M?H>I ?F;<IL;>I JILKO? I CG
J?NL;HN? H[I JI>?LC; >?CR;L >? =OGJLCL I >CMJIMNI H; F?C JLI=?MMO;F GCFCN;L
MI< J?H; >? M?L L?MJIHM;<CFCT;>I MMCG ;I ;JL??H>?L ; ?MJCHA;L>; ? >?CR;L
>? ;JL?M?HNX
F; Y ;ONILC>;>? ;JIHN;>; =IGI =I;NIL; I CGJ?NL;HN? MIG?HN?
=OGJLCO M?O >?P?L >? I@_=CI L;T[I J?F; KO;F H[I I=ILL?O H?HBOG =LCG? >?
>?MI<?>C^H=C; MI<L?NO>I JILKO? ; ;ONILC>;>? DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L H[I >?P?
I<?>C^H=C;Y;ONILC>;>?>?JIF_=C;DO>C=CXLC;=IGOG'OHNIO>I=OG?HNIM
;ONILC>;>? ;JIHN;>; =IGI =I;NIL; ;JL?M?HNIO MO;M CH@ILG;\d?M
;@FM
@FM I CGJ?NL;HN? DOHNIO HIPIM >I=OG?HNIM ;N?H>?H>I Y

>?N?LGCH;\[IDO>C=C;F
VIL?F;NaLCI
!" &!,
,M >I=OG?HNIM >? @FM =IGJLIP;G KO? @IC CHMN;OL;>I I CH
KO]LCNI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L H ?G @;=? >I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L 0 0

J;L; ;JOL;\[I >IM @;NIM ?G KO? ?MN? ?@?NOIO >CMJ;LI >? ?MJCHA;L>; KO? ;N
CHACO # 1;F CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F @IC CHMN;OL;>I J?F; JILN;LC; >? @FM >?
>?IONO<LI>? >?;ONILC;>IIL;CGJ?NL;HN?
, >I=OG?HNI >? @FM =IGJLIP; KO? H; G?MG; >;N; ?G KO? CH
MN;OLIO L?@?LC>I CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L I CGJ?NL;HN? ?H=;GCHBIO ; ?M
JCHA;L>; ONCFCT;>; J?FI 0IF>;>I J;L; L?;FCT;\[I >? ?R;G? J?LC=C;F MMCG
I CGJ?NL;HN? =OGJLCO M?O >?P?L >? I@_=CI ;I ;JL??H>?L ; ?MJCHA;L>; ?

?H=;GCHBX
F; J;L; J?L_=C; ?G L?AOF;L JLI=?>CG?HNI >? CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F
GCFCN;L
+?MM? =IHN?RNI ;HN? ; L?AOF;L ;JL??HM[I >; ;LG; HI CHKO]LCNI JIFC
=C;F GCFCN;L H[I B;PC; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? KO? I CGJ?NL;HN? ; ?H=;GCHB;MM? Y

;ONILC>;>? ;JIHN;>; =IGI =I;NIL; >? GI>I KO? MO; L?=OM; @IC DOMN; ? H[I
JI>? M?L NCJC@C=;>; =IGI =LCG? >? >?MI<?>C^H=C; -IL =IHM?AOCHN? =OGJL?
L?=IHB?=?L KO? H[I BIOP? DOMN; =;OM; J;L; ; F;PL;NOL; >I <IF?NCG >? I=IL
L^H=C; H H?G J;L; ; CHMN;OL;\[I >I N?LGI =CL=OHMN;H=C;>I JIFC=C;F

H >?F?>?=ILL?HN?
-?FI ?RJIMNI =IG @OF=LI HI ;LNCAI CH=CMI & >I a>CAI >? -LI
=?MMI -?H;F '2)$, -/, "!"+1" Uk, J;L; >?N?LGCH;L I NL;H=;G?HNI

>I N?LGI =CL=OHMN;H=C;>I H ;HN? ; ;OM^H=C; >? DOMN; =;OM; J;L; MO;
CHMN;OL;\[I ,@C=C?
M? Y ;ONILC>;>? ;JIHN;>; =IGI =I;NIL; =IGOHC=;H>I
;
>?MN;>?=CM[Ip
CH>; =IG ?MM? JL?=?>?HN? ; JLXNC=; >? CH>C=C;G?HNI >? I@C=C;CM
=IHNCHOIO I KO? =B;GIO ; ;N?H\[I >I "AL]ACI 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >?
0[I -;OFI KO? JIL MO; ILL?A?>ILC;
$?L;F ?>CNIO I -LIPCG?HNI H
KO? L;NC@C=IO ; ;NLC<OC\[I >; JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L >CMJIH>I KO? ?G
oI<?>C^H=C; ;I >CMJIMNI HI ;LNCAI H; ;F_H?; q<r >I a>CAI >? -LI=?MMI
-?H;F *CFCN;L ; ;ONILC>;>? JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L ; KO? M? L?@?L? I g I >I ;LNCAI
>I G?MGI a>CAI >?P?LX ;JL??H>?L IM CHMNLOG?HNIM ? NI>IM IM I<D?NIM KO?
N?HB;G L?F;\[I =IG ; ;JOL;\[I >IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M >?@CHC>IM ?G F?C
KO;H>I>IFIMIM=IHNL;;PC>;N?H>I=IGIP_NCG;OG=CPCFp
"G<IL; I JLIPCG?HNI H[I N?HB; @IL\; PCH=OF;HN? MI<L? ;KO?F?M KO?
>CM=IL>?G >; PCM[I >? =LCG? GCFCN;L >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCF @IC ?F? >?
=CMCPI J;L; ;@;MN;L I >IFI H; =IH>ON; >IM I@C=C;CM ?G JL;NC=;L ;M CH@L;\d?M

J?F;M KO;CM ?MN;P;G M?H>I ;=OM;>IM m CMMI ;=?CN;H>I ; ;<MOL>; JL?GCMM; >?
KO? H[I ?L; ;NLC<OC\[I >; JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L ;JOL;L IM =LCG?M >IFIMIM
=IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCM >I KO? >CM=IL>;GIM JICM M? NL;N; >? =LCG? GCFCN;L DOF
A;>I J?FI 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC m PCMNI KO? IM =CN;>IM >?FCNIM MOJIMN;G?HN? JL;N
C=;>IM J?F;M ;ONILC>;>?M >? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L JL?P;LC=;\[I ;<OMI >?

;ONILC>;>? ?N= >?G;H>;G I >IFI =IGI ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI =OD; JL?M?H\; ]

;@;MN;>; ?G @;=? >; =IHMN;N;\[I >? KO? I I@C=C;F JIL ?R?GJFI ;I ;JL??H>?L
OG; ;LG; H; ;JOL;\[I >? OG =LCG? >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCF ?MN;P;
MCGJF?MG?HN? M?AOCH>I ILC?HN;\[I =IHMN;HN? >? JLIPCG?HNI >I 1LC<OH;F >?
'OMNC\; *CFCN;L H[I N?H>I ; CHN?H\[I FCPL? ? =IHM=C?HN? >? ;<OM;L >? ;ONILC>
;>?IO>?;FN?L;L;L>CFIM;G?HN?IFI=;F>I=LCG?
KO?MN[I >?P?
M? ;HIN;L =B?AIO ;N] I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; >I
"MN;>I KO? L?@IL\;>I J?FI -LIPCG?HNI MOJL;=CN;>I L?;@CLGIO ; ;NLC<OC\[I
>; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L H[I ;=;N;H>I ; PCM[I >? KO? IM I@C=C;CM =IG?NC;G >?FCNIM
;I ?R?L=?L ; JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L -IL NI>IM vide I -LI=?MMI H

IHNLIF? H >I 'O_TI >?
!CL?CNI >; ; 3;L; 'O>C=C;F >; IG;L=; >? )?G?0- ?G KO? OG I@C=C;F >;
-IF_=C; *CFCN;L CGJ?NLIO habeas corpus J;L; I<MN;L I =OLMI >? JLI=?>CG?HNI
;JOL;NaLCI KO? FB? CGJON;P; >?FCNIM =IGOHM JL?P;LC=;\[I ? >?MI<?>C^H=C;
CHMN;OL;>I J?FI !?F?A;>I >? -IF_=C; >? )?G?0- I<N?H>I MO=?MMI HI NL;H=;
G?HNI >I JLI=?>CG?HNI "G L?=OLMI I@C=C;F >; M?HN?H\; ; KO?MN[I =B?AIO Y
; ZG;L; >? !CL?CNI LCGCH;F >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; KO? =IH@CLGIO ; >?
=CM[I >? JLCG?CLI AL;O ;=IGJ;HB;H>I JIMC\[I >I Parquet KO? ?G MOG;
JIMNOFIO
o IGI <?G ?RJIMNI H; >?=CM[I >? JLCG?CLI AL;O =IG ; ;FN?L;\[I

F?ACMF;NCP; ;=?L=; >; =IGJ?N^H=C; >I 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC J;L; DOFA;L IM =LCG?M
>IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; JL;NC=;>IM JIL JIFC=C;CM GCFCN;L?M ?G M?LPC\I MOLACO ;
>O<C?>;>? >? ?HN?H>CG?HNI ;=?L=; >; CHMN;OL;\[I >? CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F
GCF
CN;L >C;HN? >; @ILG; >; L?>;\[I M?H>I =?LNI IONLIMMCG KO? I 'OCT IL
L?A?>IL >; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L ?RJL?MM;G?HN? ?>CNIO >?N?LGCH;\[I J;L; KO? M?D;
CHMN;OL;>I M?GJL? &-* !;_ ] KO? =OGJLC; I IL; J;=C?HN? I M?O >?P?L F?A;F
CH?RCMNCH>IL;T[IJ;L;;KO?F?=;>?LHIJ?LM?=ONaLCIp
"G >? ;AIMNI >? ; ;
ZG;L; >? !CL?CNI LCGCH;F DOFAIO

I L?=OLMI /?=OLMI ?G Habeas Corpus H
L?F;NIL I
!?M?G<;LA;>IL4;FN?L>;0CFP;>?=C>CH>I
M?

o, CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F H @IC CHMN;OL;>I PCM;H>I ;JOL;L IM

=LCG?M >? >?MI<?>C^H=C; ? JL?P;LC=;\[I MOJIMN;G?HN? JL;NC=;>IM JIL OG;
P?T KO? N?LC; M? H?A;>I ; @;T?L ; ?HNL?A; >? ;LG;M >? @IAI ONCFCT;>;M JIL JIFC
=C;CMGCFCN;L?M?GI=ILL^H=C;?HPIFP?H>I=CPCF
In casu I L?=ILLC>I ;ACO JIL >?P?L >? I@_=CI CGJIMNI ; ?F? J?F;
'OMNC\; *CFCN;L I<?>?=?H>I I -LIPCG?HNI H >; ILL?A?>ILC; $?L;F >;
'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F ?RJ?>C>I =IG =;LXN?L HILG;NCPI @FM H[I B;P
?H>IKO?M?@;F;L?G=IH@CAOL;\[I>?=LCG?p
2G eFNCGI ;JILN? MI<L? ?MM; KO?MN[I >CT L?MJ?CNI Y =IGJ?N^H=C;
J;L; =IH=?MM[I >? G?>C>; =;ON?F;L ; ?R?GJFI >; >?=L?N;\[I >? JLCM[I JL?
P?HNCP; IO >; CHN?L=?JN;\[I >? =IGOHC=;\d?M N?F?@bHC=;M HI =OLMI >;M ;JOL
;\d?M >? =LCG? GCFCN;L >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCF HI ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F ,
=IH@FCNI MOM=CN;>I MOLA? DOMN;G?HN? >I @;NI >? ;J?M;L >? I >?FCNI =IHNCHO;L
M?H>I GCFCN;L JILN;HNI ;JOL;>I ?G M?>? >? CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L I DOF
A;G?HNI I=ILL?L HI 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC BID? ;J?H;M ?RCMNCH>I =IGI CHN?AL;HN?
>; 'OMNC\; IGOG F?P;H>I Y >ePC>; ;=?L=; >? KO;F DO_TI M?LC; =IGJ?N?HN?
J;L; ; =IH=?MM[I >; G?>C>; =;ON?F;L "HN?H>?GIM KO? ?HKO;HNI IM ;ONIM
H[I @IL?G L?G?NC>IM ;I 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC ;JaM ; =IH=FOM[I J?F; 'OMNC\;
;MNL?HM? >? KO? I @;NI L?;FG?HN? =IH@CAOL; ?G N?M? =LCG? GCFCN;L >IFIMI
=IHNL; ; PC>; >? =CPCF ; =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; >?=C>CL MI<L? G?>C>;M =;ON?F;L?M ]
>; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L "MN;>O;F ;F=;GIM HIMMI L;=CI=_HCI HI MCGJF?M @;NI >?
KO? ;N] ; L?G?MM; >I @?CNI Y 'OMNC\; IGOG H[I BX ; =IH=FOM[I J?F; =IG
J?N^H=C; >I 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC >?P?H>I I ?H=;LL?A;>I >I CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F
GCFCN;L L?JL?M?HN;L J?F; =IH=?MM[I >? G?>C>;M =;ON?F;L?M HI =OLMI >; CH
KOCM; ;I 'OCT >? !CL?CNI >I 'O_TI *CFCN;L >; O>CNILC; J;L; KO;F I @?CNI @IC
>CMNLC<O_>I IO I 'OCT ILL?A?>IL >; -IF_=C; 'O>C=CXLC; *CFCN;L M? H[I BIOP?L
>CMNLC<OC\[I
+?MM? M?HNC>I vide >?=CM[I >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >I
"MN;>I >? 0[I -;OFI HI Habeas Corpus H #?CNI H
! - m ILL?A?>ILC; -?LG;H?HN? >; ; ZG;L; >I 1LC<OH;F >? 'OMNC\;
*CFCN;L >? 0[I -;OFI DOFA;>I ?G >? M?N?G<LI >? MI< L?F;NILC; >I
'OCT-;OFI-L;T;E KO;H>I >?@ILG;CLL?NI=XP?F >?=C>CO

o"G<IL; M?D; >; 'OMNC\; IGOG ; =IGJ?N^H=C; J;L; DOFA;L IM

=LCG?M >IFIMIM =IHNL; ; PC>; JL;NC=;>IM JIL GCFCN;L =IHNL; =CPCF inexiste ilegalidade no decreto de priso provisria do Magistrado desta Especializada
que visa garantir o bom xito da concluso do Inqurito Policial Militar
!?GIHMNL;>; ; CGJL?M
=CH>C<CFC>;>? >; G?>C>; ?RNL?G; >?=L?N;>; =IG
>?PC>; @OH>;G?HN;\[I L?MN; ;@;MN;>; ; JL?M?H\; >? ;P?HN;>I =IHMNL;HAC
G?HNICF?A;FIO;<OMI>?JI>?LpAH
-IL >?LL;>?CLI @LCM?

M? KO? ; HIP; ;FN?L;\[I >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I
;LN I >I -* )?C H ?G H;>; ;FN?LIO ; =IH=?J\[I ;=CG;
=IHMCAH;>;HIKO?=IH=?LH?YM'OMNC\;M*CFCN;L?M"MN;>O;CM
Os crimes militares em tempo de guerra
=IGJF?G?HN;\[I >; NCJC=C>;>? >;>; J?FI ;LN I HIM =LCG?M GCFCN
;L?M ?G N?GJI >? J;T ?H=IHNL; MCGCFCNO>? HI KO? I=ILL? HIM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M
?GN?GJI>?AO?LL;;LN >I -*
HN?M >? ;<IL>;L I L?@?LC>I ;LNCAI JIL]G =IHP]G =IGJL??H>?L I

KO? M? ?HN?H>? JIL tempo de guerra "MM; =IGJL??HM[I >?P? J;LNCL >; CHN?L
JL?N;\[I ;ON^HNC=; =IHN?RNO;F NL;TC>; J?FI ;LN >I a>CAI ;MNL?HM? o,

N?GJI >? AO?LL; J;L; IM ?@?CNIM >; ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L =IG?\;
=IG ; >?=F;L;\[I IO I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >I ?MN;>I >? AO?LL; IO =IG I >?
=L?NI >? GI<CFCT;\[I M? H?F? ?MNCP?L =IGJL??H>C>I ;KO?F? L?=IHB?=CG?HNI ?

N?LGCH;KO;H>IIL>?H;>;;=?MM;\[I>;MBIMNCFC>;>?Mp
-ILN;HNI ?RCA?
M? ; >?=F;L;\[I IO I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >I ?MN;>I >?
AO?LL; KO? =?MM;LX =IG ; IL>?G >? ;<IFC\[I >;M BIMNCFC>;>?M CH?L?HN?M Y
AO?LL; "MM; >?=F;L;\[I >? =?MM;\[I ] >? HIN;L L?P?MN?
M? >? @ILG;FC>;>?M
?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? ?PC>?H=C;>;M J?F; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F -;L; ; >?=F;L;\[I
<?G =IGI J;L; ; IL>?G >? =?MM;\[I ?RCA?
M? ;NI @ILG;F >I B?@? 0OJL?GI
>; +;\[I I -L?MC>?HN? >; /?Je<FC=; =IG I L?MJ;F>I >I IHAL?MMI +;=CIH;F
;ONILCT;H>I IO L?@?L?H>;H>I ?MM?M ;NIM HIM N?LGIM >I CH=CMI &&[570] >I ;LN
?>IMCH=CMIM5&5[571] ?55[572] >I;LN NI>IM>;)?C*;CIL

"G =IGJF?G?HN;\[I >?P?

M? N?L ; ?RJL?MM[I estado de guerra
=IGI oI ?MN;>I IO MCNO;\[I KO? L?MOFN; >I L?=OLMI >? OG J;_M Y FON; ;LG;>;
=IHNL; IONLI ?G<IL; JIMM; ?RCMNCL M?G ; L?;FCT;\[I M?KO?L >? OG ;NI >?
@IL\; 0?LC; I =;MI JIL ?R?GJFI >? OG ?MN;>I >?=F;L;L AO?LL; ; IONLI ?
;HN?M >I =IH@LIHNI >;M L?MJ?=NCP;M GCF_=C;M B;P?L OG ;=IL>I >? J;T , KO?
=;L;=N?LCT;I?MN;>I>?AO?LL;]I animus bellandip[573]
IH@ILG? M? ?RNL;C >; =IGJL??HM[I MOJL;=CN;>; IM JL?=?CNIM ?R
=?J=CIH;CM >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L MIG?HN? JIMMOCL[I ?@C=X=C; ?G =;MI >?
AO?LL;?RN?LH; ?R=FOCH>I
M?;AO?LL;=CPCF ;=IGI\[ICHN?MNCH;?N=
=?MM;\[I >; BIMNCFC>;>? >?P? M?L @ILG;F JIL IL>?G J;L; ;M NLI
J;M I KO? JI>? L?MOFN;L >? PXLC;M MCNO;\d?M =IGI ; >?P;MN;\[I =IGJF?N; >I
J;_M CHCGCAI debellatio I ;LGCMN_=CI ;=IL>I JL?FCGCH;L Y =?F?<L;\[I >?
J;T ; =?F?<L;\[I >? J;T HIM N?LGIM ?RCAC>IM J?F; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F IO
KO;FKO?LIONL;@ILG;KO?L?>OH>?H;I<MNLO\[I>;MBIMNCFC>;>?M[574]
+IM =;MIM >? AO?LL; >?=F;L;>; CH;OAOL;L
M?
X ; ?@C=X=C; H[I Ma >I
)CPLI && >; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F o!IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ?G N?GJI >? AO?LL;p G;M
N;G<]G >? ;FAOHM >CMJIMCNCPIM >; -;LN? $?L;F =IGI IM ;LNM ? I ;LNCAI
KO??MNO>;L?GIM;AIL; I;LN
MMCG>CMJd?L?@?LC>I;LNCAI
oLN IHMC>?L;G
M?=LCG?MGCFCN;L?M ?GN?GJI>?AO?LL;
&mIM?MJ?=C;FG?HN?JL?PCMNIMH?MN? a>CAIJ;L;IN?GJI>?AO?LL;
&&mIM=LCG?MGCFCN;L?MJL?PCMNIMJ;L;IN?GJI>?J;T
&&& m IM =LCG?M JL?PCMNIM H?MN? a>CAI ?G<IL; N;G<]G I M?D;G

=IG CAO;F >?@CHC\[I H; F?C J?H;F =IGOG IO ?MJ?=C;F KO;H>I JL;NC=;>IM
KO;FKO?LKO?M?D;I;A?HN?
a?GN?LLCNaLCIH;=CIH;F IO?MNL;HA?CLI GCFCN;LG?HN?I=OJ;>I
b ?G KO;FKO?L FOA;L M? =IGJLIG?N?G IO JI>?G =IGJLIG?N?L ;
JL?J;L;\[I ; ?@C=C^H=C; IO ;M IJ?L;\d?M GCFCN;L?M IO >? KO;FKO?L IONL;

@ILG; ;N?HN;G =IHNL; ; M?AOL;H\; ?RN?LH; >I -;_M IO JI>?G ?RJb

F; ;
J?LCAI
&3 m IM =LCG?M >?@CHC>IM H; F?C J?H;F =IGOG IO ?MJ?=C;F ?G<IL;
H[I JL?PCMNIM H?MN? a>CAI KO;H>I JL;NC=;>IM ?G TIH; >? ?@?NCP;M IJ?L
;\d?MGCFCN;L?MIO?GN?LLCNaLCI?MNL;HA?CLI GCFCN;LG?HN?I=OJ;>Ip
V @X=CF HIN;L KO? I ;LNCAI ?G L?F?PI JIMMOC KO;NLI JIMMC<CFC>;>?M
J;L;I>?FCNIGCFCN;L?GN?GJI>?AO?LL;
&HC=C;FG?HN? ;KO?F?M ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? C>?;FCT;>IM J;L; ?MM?M N?G
JIM NL;TC>IM J?FI DX =CN;>I )CPLI && =IGJL??H>?H>I IM ;LNM ; >I
-* 0[I >?FCNIM KO? JIMMO?G LCAC>?T G;CIL JIL =IGJLIG?N?L ; M?AOL;H\;

?RN?LH; >I -;_M IO ;N?HN;L =IHNL; I ;T?CN;>I @OH=CIH;G?HNI >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M
?HPIFPC>;M H; AO?LL; ?G OG J?L_I>I N[I =L_NC=I M J?H;M JIL ?R?GJFI M[I
?R;=?L<;>;M =IHB?=?H>I
M? ;N] G?MGI ; J?H; =;JCN;F >; KO;F PIFN;L?GIM ;
@;F;L;>C;HN?
1;G<]G M?L[I =IHMC>?L;>IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ?G N?GJI >? AO?LL;

;KO?F?M JL?PCMNIM HI CH=CMI & >I ;LN I >I -* IO M?D; IM >?FCNIM GCFCN;L?M
?G N?GJI >? J;T KO? JIMMO;G =;JCNOF;\[I MIG?HN? HI a>CAI ;MNL?HM? IO
KO? H?MN? ?MN?D;G >?M=LCNIM >? @ILG; >CP?LM; >; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG
,<PC;G?HN? M? I >?FCNI ?MNCP?L =;JCNOF;>I HI )CPLI && KO? NL;N; >IM =LCG?M
GCFCN;L?M ?G N?GJI >? AO?LL; =IGI I ] ; >?M?L\[I =;JCNOF;>; HIM ;LNM
? >I -* JL?P;F?=?LX ; JL?PCM[I ?MJ?=_@C=; J;L; I N?GJI >? AO?LL; IO

M?D; I ;LN >I -* -ILN;HNI ?MM; JL?PCM[I L?MNLCHA?
M? MIG?HN? ;IM
=LCG?M KO? ?MN?D;G HI )CPLI & =IGI I @OLNI >? OMI JL?PCMNI HI ;LN >I
G?MGI a>?R =IHM?KO^H=C; J;L; I =LCG? ?G N?GJI >? J;T NL;HMGO>;>I
J;L;=LCG??GN?GJI>?AO?LL;]I;=L]M=CGI>?OGN?L\IH;J?H;
+; M?KO^H=C; N;G<]G M?L[I =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M ?G N?GJI >? AO?LL;
IM JL?PCMNIM HI CH=CMI && >I ;LN I >?M>? KO? JL;NC=;>IM ?G N?LLCNaLCI
H;=CIH;F IO ?MNL;HA?CLI GCFCN;LG?HN? I=OJ;>I IO ?G KO;FKO?L FOA;L M?
=IGJLIG?N?G IO JI>?G =IGJLIG?N?L ; JL?J;L;\[I ; ?@C=C^H=C; IO ;M IJ?L
;\d?M GCFCN;L?M IO >? KO;FKO?L IONL; @ILG; ;N?HN;G =IHNL; ; M?AOL;H\; ?R
N?LH; >I -;_M IO JI>?G ?RJb

F; ; J?LCAI 1;G<]G ;KOC BX KO? @;T?L ;

L?MM;FP; >? KO? M? I =LCG? ?MNCP?L HI )CPLI && JL?P;F?=?LX ?MN; NCJC@C=;\[I ?
H[I ;KO?F; ?R BIGC=_>CI MCGJF?M JL?PCMNI HI ;LN ? HI ;LN JL?P;
F?=?H>I ?MN? ? H[I ;KO?F? IGI ?R?GJFI JI>?L_;GIM =CN;L I =LCG? >? J?=O
F;NI ;LN >I -* +IN?

M? KO? JLCG?CLI I CHN]LJL?N? >?P?LX ?H=IHNL;L ;
J?L@?CN; NCJC=C>;>? J;L; Ma ?HN[I ;JFC=;L I CH=CMI &&& >I ;LN ?G IONL;M J;
F;PL;M >?P? JLCG?CLI MO<MOGCL I @;NI ;H;FCM;>I Y >?M=LC\[I N_JC=; >; -;LN?
"MJ?=C;F )CPLI & ? >; -;LN? $?L;F ;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I J;L; Ma
>?JICM =IHMC>?L;L I >?FCNI =IGI ?G N?GJI >? AO?LL; =IHM?KO^H=C; >?MM;

NL;HMGO>;\[I M?LX N;G<]G ; G;DIL;\[I >? J?H; >I ;LN >I -* oIM
=LCG?M JL;NC=;>IM ?G N?GJI >? AO?LL; M;FPI >CMJIMC\[I ?MJ?=C;F ;JFC=;G
M?
;MJ?H;M=IGCH;>;MJ;L;IN?GJI>?J;T =IGI;OG?HNI>?OGN?L\Ip
-IL >?LL;>?CLI I CH=CMI &3 >I ;LNCAI ?G ;JL?\I NL;T OG; ;<L;HA^H
=C; MCAHC@C=;NCP; H; NL;HM@ILG;\[I >? KO;FKO?L >?FCNI ?G >?FCNI GCFCN;L ?G

N?GJI >? AO?LL; 1I>I ? KO;FKO?L >?FCNI H[I JL?PCMNI HI a>CAI ;MNL?HM?
M?D; ?F? JL?PCMNI HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG M?D; ?G F?ACMF;\[I ?RNL;P;A;HN?
JI>?LX M?L NL;HMH;NOL;>I J;L; OG >?FCNI GCFCN;L ?G N?GJI >? AO?LL; >?M>?
KO? M?D; J?LJ?NL;>I o?G TIH; >? ?@?NCP;M IJ?L;\d?M GCFCN;L?M IO ?G N?L
LCNaLCI ?MNL;HA?CLI GCFCN;LG?HN? I=OJ;>Ip IGI ?R?GJFIM >?MM; JIMMC<CFC>
;>? /IG?CLI ;JIHN; IM =LCG?M >? GI?>; @;FM; ;LNM ; >I -[575]
KOC N;G<]G M? N?LX JIL =IHM?KO^H=C; ;F]G >I DOFA;G?HNI J?F; 'OMNC\; *CF
CN;L I =LCG? ?L; =IGOG G;M J;MMIO ; M?L GCFCN;L ; G;DIL;\[I NL;TC>; J?FI
;LN >I -*
!?P?
M? N?L ?G @I=I J;L; ?PCN;L ;<L;HA^H=C; >?MH?=?MMXLC; KO? I
?MJ_LCNI >; F?C J?H;F =;MNL?HM? ?G N?GJI >? AO?LL; ILC?HN; HI M?HNC>I >? KO?
MIG?HN? I=ILL; ; =IGCH;\[I >;M J?H;M ;IM =LCG?M GCFCN;L?M H?MM? J?L_I>I >?
?R=?\[I HIM =;MIM ?G KO? I @;NI @IC JL;NC=;>I IH>? ?MN?D; I=ILL?H>I ;
AO?LL; ?G KO;FKO?L FOA;L MIG?HN? M? ;@?N;L ; M?AOL;H\; >I -;_M ? M? @IL?G
L?F;=CIH;>IM=IG;JLaJLC;AO?LL;[576]
Tipicidade como critrio de diferenciao entre crime

militar e crime comum: esquema elucidativo

IG I ?M=IJI >? MCHN?NCT;L I ;>OTC>I ;=?L=; >I ;LN >I -* ?H
N?H>?GIM =IHP?HC?HN? NILH;L ; ?RJFIL;\[I G;CM JLXNC=; G;CM ;=?MM_P?F ;IM

IJ?L;>IL?M>I!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
I
'X PCGIM KO? ; NCJC=C>;>? ?G M?HNC>I ?MNLCNI ] @OH>;G?HN;F J;L;

>CMNCHAOCL I =LCG? =IGOG >I =LCG? GCFCN;L J;L; ;P;FC;L M? OG @;NI =IHN]G
?MNLCN; NCJC=C>;>? HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L >?P?GIM M?AOCL NL^M J;MMIM ?PC>
?H=C;>IMJILNL^MKO?MNd?M ;M;<?L
; , @;NI ;H;FCM;>I ?MNX JL?PCMNI =IGI =LCG? H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I

a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ? M? I ?MNCP?L =IHN]G >?M=LC\[I M?G?FB;HN? H; F?ACM
F;\[IJ?H;F=IGOG
; %X JL?PCM[I >;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ?G OG >IM CH=CMIM >I ;LN I
>I -*
; , MOD?CNI ;NCPI >I =LCG? JI>? M?L JLI=?MM;>I ? DOFA;>I J?F;

'OMNC\;*CFCN;L KO?;JL?=C;LXI>?FCNI;LNM? g I >; #
!?P?
M? ;F?LN;L KO? ; N?L=?CL; J?LAOHN; N?G OG; >eJFC=? =IGJ;NC<
CFC>;>? IO M?D; ;I ;H;FCM;L I @;NI JL;NC=;>I JIL OG =CPCF =IGI MOMN?HN;GIM

B;P?LX OG JLI<F?G; >? NCJC=C>;>? H; ?M@?L; ?MN;>O;F 1I>;PC; ;H;FCM;H>I ;
=IH>ON; JL;NC=;>; JIL OG G?HIL >? ;HIM =IGI P?L?GIM N?L?GIM OG;
KO?MN[I ;@?N; Y CGJON;<CFC>;>? H[I B;P?H>I =LCG? GCFCN;L ? MCG ;NI CH@L;
=CIH;F !? NI>; @ILG; ;M NL^M KO?MNd?M M[I OG; @ILG; ;H;F_NC=; >? >?N?=\[I
CHC=C;F >? OG =LCG? GCFCN;L >? GI>I ; JIMMC<CFCN;L ; ;>I\[I >? G?>C>;M >?
=ILL?HN?M >?MM; =IH=FOM[I ; ?R?GJFI >; CHMN;OL;\[I >? CHKO]LCNI JIFC=C;F

GCFCN;L I@?L?=CG?HNI>;>?HeH=C;?N=
;MI ; L?MJIMN; M?D; oMCGp YM NL^M JLIJIMC\d?M B;P?LX NCJC=C>;>? >I

@;NI HI ;FO>C>I a>CAI m ?R=?NI IM =;MIM >? CHCGJON;<CFC>;>? ?G KO? ;
KO?MN[I M?LX L?MIFPC>; HI =;GJI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? m F?G<L;H>I KO? ; =IH
=FOM[I JIL =LCG? >?J?H>? ;CH>; >; ;HXFCM? >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? >; =OFJ;<CF
C>;>?;>IN;H>I;PCM[INLCJ;LNC>;>?>?FCNI
!?P?
M? ?HN?H>?L KO? ?MM; ;<IL>;A?G G?L; ;ONIG;\[I >? @?LL;
G?HN;M J;L; ;NCHACL I @CG JLCH=CJ;F C>?HNC@C=;L @;NI NCJC@C=;>I HI -* H[I

JI>? M?L I<M?LP;>; =IG I LCAIL N]=HC=I >; >IAGXNC=; J?H;F ?G >C;M ;NO;CM
!?MM; @ILG; >?P?
M? ?HN?H>?L ; o@aLGOF;p ;JL?M?HN;>; =IGI OG JLI=?>C
G?HNI>?LXJC>;>CMNCH\[I?HNL?=LCG?=IGOG?=LCG?GCFCN;L
/;=CI=CH?GIM=IG?R?GJFIM
Exemplo 1: MIF>;>I -* >? @IFA; CHN?LP]G ?G LIOIL?M @?LCH>I GILN;FG?HN? OG

>?F?M P?G JIMN?LCILG?HN? ; M;<?L KO? I GILNI N;G<]G ] JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L >;
;NCP;+?MM?=;MI P;GIML?MJIH>?LYMKO?MNd?M
1 a ) Sim, h o tipo homicdio no art. 205 do CPM, e o crime contm igual definio no Cdigo Penal.
2 a ) Sim, por ter sido cometido por policial militar da ativa e por
ter igual definio no Cdigo Penal, aplicamos o inciso II do art. 9 o ,
enquadrando-se na alnea ;, j que o sujeito passivo tambm militar da
ativa.
3 a ) Sim, nos termos do 4 o do art. 125 da CF, a Justia Militar
Estadual julga policial militar.
Resultado: em princpio crime militar, devendo o operador do
Direito Penal Militar partir para a anlise da antijuridicidade e da
culpabilidade.
Exemplo 2: =CPCF G?G<LI >? ILA;HCT;\[I =LCGCHIM; CHAL?MM; ?G
KO;LN?F >; -* ? =IG ; JOL; ? MCGJF?M CHN?H\[I >? ;@?N;L I GIL;F >; NLIJ;
>?M;=L?>CN;H>I ; @IL\; JIFC=C;F ?MN;>O;F ?M=IFB? OG MIF>;>I -* HI KO;LN?F
>? @IFA; ? @;L>;>I JL;NC=;H>I =IHNL; ?F? I =LCG? >? BIGC=_>CI /?MJIH
>;GIMYMKO?MNd?M
2 a ) Sim, por ter sido cometido por civil que ;FG?D;P; ;NCHACL ;
ILJIL;\[I, em lugar sujeito Administrao Militar, aplicamos a alnea <
do inciso III do art. 9 o .

a
3 ) No, nos termos do 4 do art. 125 da CF, a Justia Militar

Estadual no competente para julgar civis.
Resultado: em princpio, crime comum, devendo o operador do
Direito Penal Militar conduzir ou encaminhar o fato para as autoridades
competentes, a exemplo do Delegado de Polcia.
Exemplo 3: =CPCF G?G<LI >; CHMNCNOC\[I AO?LLCFB?CL; CHAL?MM; ?G
KO;LN?F >I "R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI ? =IG ; JOL; ? MCGJF?M CHN?H\[I >? ;@?N;L I
GIL;F >; NLIJ; >?M;=L?>CN;H>I ;M #IL\;M LG;>;M ?M=IFB? OG MIF>;>I >?
@IFA; ? @;L>;>I JL;NC=;H>I =IHNL; ?F? I =LCG? >? BIGC=_>CI 3?D;GIM ;M
L?MJIMN;M
2 a ) Sim, por ter sido cometido por civil que almejava atingir a
Corporao, em lugar sujeito Administrao Militar, aplicamos a alnea
< do inciso III do art. 9 o .
3 a ) Sim, nos termos do art. 124 da CF, a Justia Militar Federal

competente para julgar qualquer pessoa que pratique crime militar.
Resultado: em princpio, crime militar, devendo o operador do
culpabilidade.
Exemplo 4: OG MIF>;>I -* >? @IFA; ] MOLJL??H>C>I ?G =IHDOH\[I
=;LH;F =IG =CPCF ?H=;LL?A;>; >; @;RCH; >I KO;LN?F >?HNLI >I ;FID;G?HNI >IM
=;<IM?MIF>;>IM+?MM?=;MI P;GIML?MJIH>?LYMKO?MNd?M
1 a ) Sim, h o tipo ato libidinoso no art. 235 do CPM, e o crime

no contm igual definio no Cdigo Penal, portanto os elementos do tipo
que devem ser preenchidos esto na Parte Especial.
2 a ) Sim, por no ter igual definio no Cdigo Penal, aplicamos o
inciso I do art. 9 o , que no possui alneas a serem analisadas.
3 ) Sim, nos termos do g 4

Estadual julga policial militar.
a

o
do art. 125 da CF, a Justia Militar
Resultado: em princpio, crime militar, devendo o operador do

culpabilidade.
Exemplo 5 OG ;FOHI >; "M=IF; -L?J;L;NaLC; >? ;>?N?M >I "R]L
=CNI =IG ;HIM >? C>;>? H; @OH\[I >? M?HNCH?F; G;N; ;FAO]G ?G L?JOFM; ;
OG; CHP;M[I ;LG;>; >;KO?F; 2HC>;>? jM KO?MNd?M ;J?H;M ;P?LCAO;H>I ;
NCJC=C>;>? L?MJIH>?L_;GIM
2 a ) Sim, por ter sido cometido por militar em servio, aplicamos
a alnea = do inciso II do art. 9 o .
3 a ) No, como veremos ao tratar da imputabilidade, o menor de
18 anos penalmente inimputvel tambm no Direito Castrense.
Resultado: no haver crime militar, mas, em princpio, ato infracional, devendo o operador do Direito Penal Militar partir para a anlise
da antijuridicidade e das demais causas de excluso da culpabilidade (alm
da imputabilidade).
Concurso de pessoas no Direito Penal Militar
<IL>;>I =IG P;A;L I @;NI N_JC=I J;L?=?
HIM ;>?KO;>I ;HN?M >?
CHAL?MM;L H; >CM=OMM[I >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? @;T?L ;FAOHM =IG?HNXLCIM ;I =IH
=OLMI >? J?MMI;M JILKO;HNI M?O ?MNO>I ?MNX GOCNI ;@?NI Y =IGJL??HM[I >I
NCJIJ?H;FGCFCN;L
V JLCGIL>C;F J;L; I ?HN?H>CG?HNI >; G;N]LC; ; M?L ?RJIMN; KO? M?
CH>CKO?G ;M N?ILC;M ?RJFC=;NCP;M >I =IH=?CNI >? ;ONIL +?MM? M?HNC>I
JLCGILIM; ? =IH=CM; ; FC\[I >? !O?E *;LKO?M ;I ?RJIL KO? oI =IH=?CNI >?
;ONILC; ?G !CL?CNI -?H;F ] ?HN?H>C>I ; J;LNCL >? NL^M N?ILC;M ; MO<D?NCP;
=;OM;F IO ?RN?HMCP; ; @ILG;F I<D?NCP; IO L?MNLCNCP; IO >I >IG_HCI >I @;NI

-;L; ; JLCG?CL; NI>IM IM ;A?HN?M KO? >[I =;OM; ;I ?P?HNI M[I =IHMC>?L;>IM
;ONIL?M CH>?J?H>?HN?G?HN? >? N?L?G IO H[I JL;NC=;>I ; ;\[I >?M=LCN; HI
NCJI J?H;F +; M?AOH>; M[I ;ONIL?M IM KO? JL;NC=;G IM ;NIM >? ?R?=O\[I
JL?PCMNIM HI NCJI J?H;F ?HKO;HNI IM J;LN_=CJ?M =IH=ILL?G J;L; I L?MOFN;>I
>I =LCG? M?G JL;NC=;L HI NI>I IO ?G J;LN? ; ;\[I NCJC@C=;>; N?L=?CL; ;
N?ILC; >I >IG_HCI >I @;NI =IHMC>?L; ;ONIL I ;A?HN? KO? >?N]G I =IHNLIF? >;
;\[I ?G<IL; JIMM; H[I JL;NC=;L ;NIM ?R?=ONaLCIM JL?PCMNIM HI NCJI J?H
;Fp[577]
, a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IGI DX PCMNI ;FCHB;>I Y N?ILC; >; ?KOCP;F
^H=C; >IM ;HN?=?>?HN?M ? =IG <;M? HI AL;@;>I HI ;LN ;>INIO ; JLCG?CL;

IO M?D; oKO?G >? KO;FKO?L GI>I =IH=ILL? J;L; I =LCG? CH=C>? H;M J?H;M ;
?MN?=IGCH;>;Mp
;>I\[I CH=IH>C=CIH;>; >; N?ILC; ?RN?HMCP; JI>?LC; ?HNL?N;HNI

F?P;L ; MIFO\d?M injustas e intolerveis[578] L;T[I JIL KO? I a>CAI -?H;F
*CFCN;L GCNCAIO ; N?ILC; ?RJIMN; >CMNCHAOCH>I ?G ;FAOHM >CMJIMCNCPIM ;M

@CAOL;M>IM;ONIL?M?J;LN_=CJ?M[579]
-I>? J;L?=?L =IH@OMI ? ;HN;AbHC=I G;M JI>?GIM MCHN?NCT;L ?G
OG; @L;M? J;L; I =IH=?CNI >? ;ONIL I -* ?G M?O ;LN ;>INIO ; N?ILC;
?RN?HMCP; G;M =IGI ?G ;FAOHM JIHNIM JIMMC<CFCN; OG ;J?H;G?HNI >C@?L?HN?
>? ;=IL>I =IG ; =IF;<IL;\[I J;L; I >?FCNI ] H?=?MMXLCI =IHB?=?L ; >CMNCH\[I
?HNL?;ONIL?J;LN_=CJ?>;N?ILC;L?MNLCNCP;
3?D;GIM;>CMNCH\[I?HNL?;ONIL?MIO=I;ONIL?M?J;LN_=CJ?M
JLIP?CN;H>I ;AIL; ;M FC\d?M >? #?LH;H>I ;J?T[580] JI>?

M?
>CT?L KO? autor ] ;KO?F? KO? L?;FCT; ; =IH>ON; JLCH=CJ;F >?M=LCN; HI NCJI CH
=LCGCH;>IL ?HKO;HNI partcipe ] ;KO?F? KO? M?G L?;FCT;L ; =IH>ON;

>?M=LCN;HINCJI =IH=ILL?J;L;MO;L?;FCT;\[I
+?MM? =IHN?RNI KO;H>I >O;M IO G;CM J?MMI;M JL;NC=;L?G ; =IH>ON;

>?M=LCN; HI NCJI N?L?GIM BCJaN?M? >? coautoria ? >? IONL; @ILG; KO;H>I
OG; J?MMI; JL;NC=; ; =IH>ON; N_JC=; ? IONL; IO IONL;M ; ;ORCFC; >? KO;FKO?L

@ILG; M?G ; JLXNC=; >; =IH>ON; >?M=LCN; HI =LCG? N?L?GIM BCJaN?M? >?
;ONILC; J;L;;JLCG?CL; ? participao J;L;;IONL;
V @OH>;G?HN;F KO? M? L?MM;FN? KO? H[I BX N?RNO;FG?HN? OG; >C@?L
?H\; HI KO? N;HA? Y ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; ?HNL? I NL;N;G?HNI >I ;ONIL IO
G?MGI >I =I;ONIL ? >I J;LN_=CJ? JI>?H>I ; J?H; >IM >ICM M?L ; G?MG;
DOMN;G?HN? J?F; ;>I\[I >; N?ILC; ?RN?HMCP; >; ;ONILC;
IHNO>I BX =?LNIM
=;MIM ?G KO? ; J;LNC=CJ;\[I ] N[I N^HO? KO? ; ;JFC=;\[I >; G?MG; J?H; L?
M?LP;>; ;I ;ONIL GIMNL;L

M?
C; =IGI MIFO\[I ?RNL?G;G?HN? CHDOMN;
<OM=;H>I I -* ; ?R?GJFI >I - ; MIFO\[I H; =IH@CAOL;\[I >? OG; participao de somenos importncia =IG JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ;JFC=;\[I >?
J?H;;N?HO;>;
+IN?
M? KO? I -* ;I >CMJIL MI<L? ?MM; @ILG; >? J;LNC=CJ;\[I HI g
I >I ;LN JLCG?CLI H[I >CT I KO? ] OG; J;LNC=CJ;\[I >? MIG?HIM CG
JILNZH=C; @C=;H>I N;F =IH=?CNO;\[I ;I JLO>?HN? ?HN?H>CG?HNI >I DOCT IO

DO_T?M =;MI I DOFA;G?HNI M?D; J?FI IHM?FBI >? 'OMNC\; ? M?AOH>I H[I
>?@CH? I quantum J;L; ; L?>O\[I >; J?H; >?P?H>I
M? F;H\;L G[I >I ;LN
>I G?MGI a>CAI KO? I @CR; ?HNL? OG N?L\I L?>O\[I GXRCG; ? OG KOCHNI
L?>O\[IG_HCG;
2G eFNCGI ;MMOHNI H?MN? NaJC=I G?L?=? HIMM; ;N?H\[I KO;F M?D; I

>;=B;G;>;J;LNC=CJ;\[IJILIGCMM[I
?R?GJFI >I KO? I=ILL? HI - I -* HI g I >I ;LN >CMJd?
KO? ; IGCMM[I ] L?F?P;HN? =IGI =;OM; KO;H>I I IGCN?HN? >?PC; ? JI>C; ;ACL
J;L; ?PCN;L I L?MOFN;>I =IH@?LCH>I ?MM? >?P?L >? ?PCN;\[I ; KO?G N?HB; JIL
F?C I<LCA;\[I >? =OC>;>I JLIN?\[I IO PCACFZH=C; ; KO?G >? IONL; @ILG; ;M
MOGCO ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >? CGJ?>CL I L?MOFN;>I ? ; KO?G =IG M?O =IG
JILN;G?HNI ;HN?LCIL =LCIO I LCM=I >? MO; MOJ?LP?HC^H=C; 1L;N;

M? >; @CAOL;
>IA;L;HN?IOA;L;HNC>IL GOCNI>?<;NC>;HI!CL?CNI-?H;F=IGOG
-ICM <?G KO;H>I ?MM; CH;\[I L?F?P;HN? >?CR; >? I<MN;L I =OLMI
=;OM;F >? OG; =IH>ON; JL;NC=;>; JIL OG N?L=?CLI I A;L;HN? H; PCM[I
>IONLCHXLC; G;DILCNXLC; ?G L?F;\[I Y KO;F N?GIM ;FAOG;M L?M?LP;M =IGI
?PC>?H=C;>I ?G NL;<;FBI ?MJ?=_@C=I MI<L? I N?G;[581] L?MJIH>?LX J?FI

G?MGI =LCG? KO? I N?L=?CLI JIL]G H; =IH>C\[I >? J;LN_=CJ? JIL IGCMM[I ,
N?L=?CLI M?LX ;ONIL ? I A;L;HN? IGCN?HN? M?LX J;LN_=CJ? IGI ?R?GJFI NIG?
M? OG -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L KO? P^ OG ?MNOJLI ?G ;H>;G?HNI ? JIL KO;FKO?L

L;T[I ;CH>; KO? JIMM; ;ACL J;L; CGJ?>CL I =LCG? >?=C>? KO?>;L
M? CH?LN? ;I
IGCNCL
M? N?H>I JIL F?C I<LCA;\[I >? ;ACL A;L;HN? I -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L J;MM;LX
; @CAOL;L HI JIFI ;NCPI >I G?MGI =LCG? H[I I<MN;>I IO M?D; I N?L=?CLI ?M
NOJL;>IL M?LX L?MJIHM;<CFCT;>I =IGI ;ONIL >? ?MNOJLI ? I GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I
=IGI J;LN_=CJ? >?MM? G?MGI =LCG? ? H[I JIL JL?P;LC=;\[I =IGI GOCNIM JI
>?LC;GMOJIL
-;MM?GIM ;AIL; ;I ?MNO>I >IM L?KOCMCNIM J;L; I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >I
=IH=OLMI>?J?MMI;M
HIN; *CL;<?N? KO? I =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M JIMMOC =IGI L?KOCMCNIM

J;L; I M?O L?=IHB?=CG?HNI ; JFOL;FC>;>? >? =IH>ON;M ; L?F?PZH=C; =;OM;F >?
=;>; OG; >;M ;\d?M I FC;G? MO<D?NCPI ?HNL? IM ;A?HN?M ? ; C>?HNC>;>? >I
@;NI[582]
IGI ?HMCH; ;J?T[583], J;L; KO? B;D; =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M

?RCA?G
M? HI G_HCGI >O;M =IH>ON;M KO;CM M?D;G >O;M JLCH=CJ;CM L?;FCT;
>;M J?FIM ;ONIL?M KO;H>I N?L?GIM ; =I;ONILC; IO OG; JLCH=CJ;F ? IONL;

;=?MMaLC; JL;NC=;>; L?MJ?=NCP;G?HN? JIL ;ONIL ? J;LN_=CJ? KO;H>I ?MN;L[I
JL?M?HN?M ; ;ONILC; ? ; J;LNC=CJ;\[I ;L;=N?LCT;
M? ;MMCG ; H?=?MMC>;>? >?
pluralidade de condutas
-IL =?LNI ;M =IH>ON;M =IHMC>?L;>;M J;L; I =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M >?
P?G N?L =IHNLC<O_>I J;L; I L?MOFN;>I ONCFCT;H>I

M? J;L; ?MM; >?N?=\[I HIM
=LCG?M G;N?LC;CM ; N]=HC=; >; ?FCGCH;\[I BCJIN]NC=; P?LC@C=;H>I
M? ;
relevncia causal das condutas
, liame subjetivo ] =;L;=N?LCT;>I J?FI ;DOMN? ?HNL? IM =IH=IL
L?HN?M IO M?D; I ;MM?HNCG?HNI ?G JL;NC=;L I >?FCNI M?H>I JL?M=CH>_P?F KO?

?MM? FC;G? M?D; =?F?<L;>I ;HN?M >I =LCG? JI>?H>I I=ILL?L >OL;HN? ;
;AL?MM[I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I G;M H[I ;JaM I =LCG? G;FAL;>I B;D;G L?F?P;HN?M
PIT?M ?G M?HNC>I =IHNLXLCI ;MN; JILN;HNI ; =IHM=C^H=C; IO ; PIHN;>? >?
=IIJ?L;\[I @ILG;>; ;HN?M IO >OL;HN? ; ?R?=O\[I >I =LCG? JFOL;FC>;>? >?

=IH>ON;M KO? =IHNLC<O?G J;L; I =LCG? >?MJLIPC>;M >? FC;G? MO<D?NCPI H[I
MCAHC@C=;LX =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M G;M MCG ;ONILC; =IF;N?L;F =CL=OHMNZH=C; ?G
KO? JI>?LX B;P?L BCJaN?M? >? ;ONILC; >?M=IHB?=C>; "G OG ?R?GJFI >ICM
GCFCN;L?M >?=C>?G >? =IGOG ;=IL>I G;N;L OG; J?MMI; N;G<]G GCFCN;L >;
;NCP; ?G >?N?LGCH;>I GIG?HNI ;G<IM =IG ; P_NCG; >IGCH;>; >CMJ;L;G
MO;M ;LG;M ;NCHACH>I
; GILN;FG?HN? =IG ; ?R?=O\[I >IM NL;<;FBIM J?LC=C;CM
J;L; ; ;JOL;\[I >I =LCG? P?LC@C=;
M? KO? ;J?H;M OG NCLI ;NCHACO ; P_NCG;
H[I JI>?H>I M?L >?@CHC>I >? KO;F ;LG; J;LNCO I NCLI @;N;F H?MM? =;MI =IGI
BX FC;G? MO<D?NCPI @ILG;H>I
M? I =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M H[I CGJILN;LX >?
IH>? J;LNCO I NCLI KO? G;NIO ; P_NCG; JICM B;PC; ; OHC[I >? JLIJaMCNIM H[I
M?H>I =;MI >? ;ONILC; >?M=IHB?=C>; G;M >? =I;ONILC; HI =LCG? >? BIGC=_>CI
=IHMOG;>I JIL IONLI F;>I H; G?MG; MCNO;\[I JIL]G M? IM ;ONIL?M H[I
NCP?MM?G =IHB?=CG?HNI OG >I IONLI JIL ?R?GJFI =;>; OG ?M=IH>C>I HI

N?FB;>I >? JL]>CIM IJIMNIM I @;NI >? H[I C>?HNC@C=;L I NCLI @;N;F CGJILN; ?G
;ONILC; >?M=IHB?=C>; ;G<IM L?MJIH>?H>I ?G I<M?LPZH=C; ;I JLCH=_JCI >;
=OFJ;<CFC>;>? JILBIGC=_>CI=IHMOG;>I
IGI =IHM?KO^H=C; >I =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M JIL ;>I\[I >; N?ILC;
OHCNXLC; =IGI L?AL; NI>IM IM =IHMILN?M >?P?L[I L?MJIH>?L J?FI G?MGI >?
FCNI ?G OG; identidade de fato +I ?HN;HNI BX ?R=?\d?M HI a>CAI -?H;F

*CFCN;L KO? JI>?G M?L C>?HNC@C=;>;M =IGI JIHNIM >? ;>I\[I >; N?ILC; JFOL
;F_MNC=; ?G KO? =;>; OG >IM =IHMILN?M L?MJIH>?LX JIL OG >?FCNI JLaJLCI

?R=ILLOJ\[IJ;MMCP;?;NCP; ;LNM ? >I -*
, ?MNO>I >I =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M F?P; CH?PCN;P?FG?HN? Y F?G<L;H\;

>; =F;MMC@C=;\[I >IM =LCG?M >? ;=IL>I =IG ; ?RCA^H=C; IO H[I >? JFOL;FC>;>?
>? J?MMI;M HI JIFI ;NCPI J;L; ; MO; J?LJ?NL;\[I "MM; >CMNCH\[I GOCNI =IH
B?=C>; HI !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG N;G<]G JI>? M?L I<PC;G?HN? ONCFCT;>; HI

!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
,M =LCG?M KO? H[I ?RCA?G ?MM; JFOL;FC>;>? IO M?D; ;KO?F?M KO? JI
>?G M?L J?LJ?NL;>IM JIL ;J?H;M OG; J?MMI; M[I =B;G;>IM >? =LCG?M unissubjetivos IO monossubjetivos IO ;CH>; unilaterais. +?MM?M =LCG?M I
=IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M ] JIMM_P?F ?G<IL; H[I ?RCAC>I I KO? F?PIO ; >IONLCH; ;

N;G<]G =B;GX
FIM >? =LCG?M >? =IH=OLMI eventual IGI ?R?GJFI NIG?
M?IBIGC=_>CI;LN >I -*
-IL IONLI F;>I BX =LCG?M KO? JIL MO; =IH=?CNO;\[I N_JC=; ?RCA?G
>ICM IO G;CM ;A?HN?M J;L; ; MO; JLXNC=; M?H>I H?=?MMXLCI JILN;HNI I =IH
=OLMI >? J?MMI;M 0[I IM =B;G;>IM =LCG?M plurissubjetivos IO >? con-
curso necessrio 0[I ?R?GJFIM I GINCG ? ; L?PIFN; ;LN caput ?

J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I -* KO? JIMMO?G condutas paralelas ; J?>?L;MNC; IO
IONLI ;NI >? FC<C>CH;A?G ;LN >I -* KO? ;JL?M?HN;G condutas convergentes ? ; J;LNC=CJ;\[I ?G LCR; ;LN >I -* KO? ;JL?M?HN; condutas divergentes ou contrapostas
-IL @CG H[I HIM ?MKO?\;GIM >;KO?F?M =LCG?M KO? H[I ;>GCN?G ;
=I;ONILC; G;M ;J?H;M ; J;LNC=CJ;\[I =IGI I =;MI >I =LCG? >? @;FMI
N?MN?GOHBI ;LN >I -* 1;CM =LCG?M M[I >?HIGCH;>IM crimes de
mo prpria
,
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L N;G<]G ; ?R?GJFI >I
a>CAI -?H;F
=IGOG JIMMOC JL?PCM[I ;=?L=; >; =IGOHC=;\[I >? =CL=OHMNZH=C;M J?MMI;CM

KO? ;I G?MGI N?GJI M?D;G ?F?G?HN;L?M >I NCJI F?A;F 0[I =CL=OHMNZH=C;M
MO<D?NCP;M >I ;ONIL >I @;NI KO? OG; P?T AL;@;>;M HI NCJI J?H;F ? conhecidas pelo codelinquente ;?F?M?=IGOHC=;L[I
"MM; JL?PCM[I ?MNX H; M?AOH>; J;LN? >I g I >I ;LN >I -* KO?
>CMJd? KO? ; JOHC<CFC>;>? >? KO;FKO?L >IM =IH=ILL?HN?M ] CH>?J?H>?HN? >;

>IM IONLIM >?N?LGCH;H>I
M? M?AOH>I ; MO; JLaJLC; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ? KO? ;M
=IH>C\d?M IO =CL=OHMNZH=C;M >? =;LXN?L J?MMI;F H[I M? =IGOHC=;G ?HNL? IM
=I>?FCHKO?HN?M ?R=?NI M? @IL?G ?F?G?HN;L?M >I =LCG? IO M?D; ?RCAC>;M HI
NCJIJ?H;FJ;L;;=IH@CAOL;\[I>I=LCG?
"CM ;KOC =IGI DX P?LC@C=;GIM G;CM OG ?R?GJFI ?G KO? I GCFCN;L
CH;NCPI JI>?LX L?MJIH>?L JIL =LCG? GCFCN;L KO? N?HB; ; J;F;PL; oGCFCN;Lp AL;
@;>; HI NCJI J?H;F DX KO? ?G =IH=OLMI =IG GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; ? M;<?H>I >?MM;
=IH>C\[I ; N?LX =IGOHC=;>; ; MO; J?MMI; "R?GJFC@C=;H>I J;L; I =IG?NC
G?HNI >? GINCG ] H?=?MMXLCI KO? ?MN?D;G JL?M?HN?M ;I G?HIM >ICM GCFCN
;L?M >; ;NCP; M? OG GCFCN;L CH;NCPI M;<?H>I KO? ?MNX ;=IGJ;HB;>I >? >ICM

GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; JL;NC=; =IH>ON; >?M=LCN; HI ;LN ?G =IHDOHNI L?MJIH
>?LXJ?FIG?MGI=LCG? ?GL;T[I>;=IGOHC=;\[I>;M?F?G?HN;L?M
"MM; =IHMNLO\[I N;G<]G JI>? M?L ;JFC=;>; ; OG =CPCF G;M =IG ;

;>P?LN^H=C; >? L?MNLC\[I Y ?M@?L; @?>?L;F J?L;HN? ; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L >; 2HC[I
DX KO? @CLG;GIM ; JL?GCMM; >? KO? =CPCF JIL H[I JI>?L M?L DOFA;>I J?F;M
'OMNC\;M*CFCN;L?M"MN;>O;CM H[I=IG?N?=LCG?GCFCN;LH?MM?ZG<CNI
JLIP?CN;H>I ;CH>; I =;MI >I =LCG? >? GINCG M? I<M?LP;LGIM I

JL?=?CNI M?=OH>XLCI BX OG; =;OM; ?MJ?=C;F >? ;OG?HNI >; J?H; ?G OG N?L\I
J;L; IM cabeas M?H>I H?=?MMXLCI =IHB?=?L ?MM; @CAOL; J;L; ; =ILL?N; ;J
FC=;\[I>;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L
-L?M?HN? ;J?H;M ?G ;FAOHM =LCG?M >? =IH=OLMI H?=?MMXLCI m ;I

G?HIM H?F?M ;J?H;M ] KO? BX ; =IHM?KO^H=C; J?H;F m I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L
NL;T ; >?@CHC\[I >? cabeas HIM gg I ? I >I ;LN M?AOH>I IM KO;CM
cabeas M[I ;KO?F?M KO? JLIPI=;G IO CHMNCA;G ; ;\[I >?FCNOIM; ?G OG
=LCG? >? ;ONILC; =IF?NCP; <?G =IGI I ,@C=C;F KO? G?MGI M?G FC>?L;L JL;N
C=; N;CM >?FCNIM ?G =IGJ;HBC; >? CH@?LCIL?M +; eFNCG; =IH>C\[I N;G<]G M?

?HKO;>L;GIMCH@?LCIL?MKO?>?M?GJ?HB;G;@OH\[I>?,@C=C;F
!?NOLJ;H>I ?MM; L?AL; DX JL?M?H=C;GIM ; ;@CLG;\[I >? KO? I ,@C
=C;F M?GJL? M?LX =IHMC>?L;>I cabea I KO? M? >?GIHMNL; CHP?L_>C=I "G

JLCG?CLI ;JILN? >?P?
M? HIN;L KO? ] H?=?MMXLCI KO? ?F? I ,@C=C;F NIG? J;LN?
HI =LCG? =IG IONLIM >? AL;O BC?LXLKOC=I CH@?LCIL "G M?AOH>I JF;HI HIN?
M? KO? ] H?=?MMXLC; ; JL?M?H\; >? J?FI G?HIM >ICM CH@?LCIL?M PCMNI KO? ;
HILG; M? ONCFCT; >I N?LGI HI JFOL;F inferiores -IL @CG =IGI H[I BX ?R
JL?MM; FCGCN;\[I J;L; M? I<N?L ; =IH=?CNO;\[I >? MOJ?LCIL IO >? CH@?LCIL

;>GCN?
M? H[I Ma ; =IGJL??HM[I >? CH@?LCIL BC?LXLKOC=I G;M N;G<]G ;KO?F;
?RJIMN; HI ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;@?N; ; OG; MOJ?LCILC>;>? m JILN
;HNI N;G<]GCH@?LCILC>;>?m@OH=CIH;F
!?P?
M? F?G<L;L KO? ; =IGJL??HM[I >I =IH=OLMI >? J?MMI;M NL;LX
H[I Ma HI =;MI >IM =;<?\;M ?G =LCG?M >? =IH=OLMI H?=?MMXLCI G;M N;G<]G
?G IONLIM >?FCNIM OG L?@F?RI H; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; JILKO;HNI ?RCMN?G ;FAO
G;M;AL;P;HN?M?MJ?=_@C=;MJ;L;I=IH=OLMI>?J?MMI;M

IGI P?L?GIM G;CM ;>C;HN? H; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H; ?G !CL?CNI -?H;F

*CFCN;L ;MMCG JIMNOF; ; >IONLCH; ? ;HOC ; DOLCMJLO>^H=C; I DOCT IO DO_T?M ?G
=;MI >? ?M=;<CH;NI M?AOCLX N;G<]G I =LCN]LCI NLC@XMC=I J?FI KO;F M? ONCFCT;
>;M=;OM;M;AL;P;HN?MH;M?AOH>;@;M?>?MM;IJ?L;\[I
-ICM <?G I -* =IGI I - ;JL?M?HN; HI g I >I ;LN ;AL;P
;HN?M?MJ?=_@C=;MJ;L;I=;MI>I=IH=OLMI>?J?MMI;M0[I?F;M
JLIGIP?L IO ILA;HCT;L ; =IIJ?L;\[I HI =LCG? IO >CLCACL ; ;NCPC>
;>? >IM >?G;CM ;A?HN?M I KO? H[I M? =IH@OH>? =IG ; @CAOL; >I =;<?\;
JL?M?HN??G;FAOHM=LCG?MJFOLCMMO<D?NCPIM
=I;ACLIONL?GY?R?=O\[IG;N?LC;F>I=LCG?
CHMNCA;L IO >?N?LGCH;L KO? ;FAO]G MI< MO; ;ONILC>;>? =IG?N; I

=LCG? IO ?HN[I N?L ; G?MG; =IH>ON; ?G L?F;\[I ; ;FAO]G H[I JOH_P?F ?G
PCLNO>?>?=IH>C\[IIOKO;FC>;>?J?MMI;F
?R?=ON;L I =LCG? IO H?F? J;LNC=CJ;L G?>C;HN? J;A; IO JLIG?MM;
>?L?=IGJ?HM;
)IAC=;G?HN? M? ;M =;OM;M ;=CG; KO;FC@C=;L?G I >?FCNI =IGI ; GI
NCP;\[I >? BIGC=_>CI G?>C;HN? J;A; H[I M?LX ;JFC=;>; ; ;AL;P;HN? L?
MJ?=NCP; OG; P?T KO? I @;NI >? N?L KO;FC@C=;>I I =LCG? P?LC@C=;>I H;
JLCG?CL; @;M? >I =LCN]LCI NLC@XMC=I CGJIMMC<CFCN; ; ;JFC=;\[I >; ;AL;P;HN?
C>^HNC=; MI<J?H;>?B;P?LF?M[I;IJLCH=_JCI non bis in idem
JL?H>?L?GIM ; =IGJON;L ?MM;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ;AL;P;HN?M KO;H>I

NL;N;LGIM>;;JFC=;\[I>;J?H;
IGI I -* H?MN? JIHNI H[I KO;HNC@C=; ; ;AL;P;\[I >?P?

M? <OM
=;L ; ;JFC=;\[I >I ;LN >I G?MGI >CJFIG; JIMMC<CFC>;>? ;OM?HN? HI

a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG
-IL @CG @LCM?
M? KO? H[I BX HI
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L >CMJIMCNCPI
JLaRCGI ;I g I >I ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG KO? NL;N; >; =IIJ?L;\[I
>IFIM;G?HN? >CMNCHN; J?LGCNCH>I KO? ;KO?F? KO? =IH=ILL; KO?L?H>I J;LNC
=CJ;L>?=LCG?G?HIMAL;P? JIMM;N?L;;JFC=;\[I;J?H;M>;J?H;>?MN?

-;L; M;H;L ?MM; F;=OH; ;<;H>IH;H>I ; @C>?FC>;>? MCMN^GC=; >I

a>CAI ;MNL?HM? JI>?L
M?
C; CHPI=;L I JLCH=_JCI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? JIMNO
F;H>I KO? MO; ;JFC=;\[I CGJ?>CLC; KO? IM =I>?FCHKO?HN?M L?MJIH>?MM?G >?

@ILG; C>^HNC=; M? =IF;<IL;MM?G =;OM;FG?HN? >? @ILG; >CMNCHN; -;L; MIFO
=CIH;L ; IGCMM[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L F;H\;L

M?
C; G[I >; ;H;FIAC; in bonam
partem ;JFC=;H>I
M?;L?AL;>I a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG
B) Tipo de injusto: a antijuridicidade
a) Escoro histrico
-I>?
M? ?G JLCG?CLI ;JILN? >CMJIL KO? ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? =IHMCMN?
H; oIJIMC\[I ?HNL? ; ;\[I N_JC=; L?;FCT;>; ? ;M ?RCA^H=C;M >I IL>?H;G?HNI

DOL_>C=I I >?MP;FIL >? OG >?N?LGCH;>I @;NI BOG;HI ;I @?LCL OG; HILG; >?
;ACL HI IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=Ip[584] "MM? >?MP;FIL >I @;NI HI ?HN;HNI H[I
JI>? M?L =IGJL??H>C>I ;J?H;M ?G OG; ;HXFCM? I<D?NCP; G;M N;G<]G MII >I ?MNO>I >;M ?R
=FO>?HN?M>?;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?
=F;L?T; PCMN; H?MM? =IH=?CNI HI ?HN;HNI H[I ?MN?P? M?GJL?
JL?M?HN? HI ?MNO>I >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? MIG?HN? M?H>I ;F=;H\;>; ;JaM I
>?M?HPIFPCG?HNI >? OG =IH=?CNI ;ONbHIGI >CPIL=C;>I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>?
MOLACH>I JICM ; H?=?MMC>;>? >? M? >?>C=;L <L?P? ?MNO>I ;I >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI
BCMNaLC=I>I=IH=?CNI
C>?C; >? CFC=CNO>? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? L?GIHN; Y ]JI=; >? 'OMNCHC
;HI KO;H>I IM LIG;HIM =ILL?MJIH>C;G ; ?F; OG =IH=?CNI ;GJFI oMCAHC@C=
;H>I qCH DOM =IHNL; I >CL?CNIrp[585] IHNO>I =IGI F?G<L; CN?H=IOLN

?G CGJ;AXP?F BCMNaLC=I >I >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI >; N?ILC; >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? I
G;L=I CHC=C;F J;L; ; @ILGOF;\[I >? M?O =IH=?CNI ;ONbHIGI @IC NL;TC>I JIL
&B?LCHA ?G[586]
&H?L?HN? ; ?MM; ;ONIHIGC; =IH=?CNO;F N?P?

M? ; ;=?CN;\[I >? OG;
=IHNL;LC?>;>? <CJ;LNC>; IO M?D; OG; =IHNL;LC?>;>? I<D?NCP; H; KO;F M? ?H
=IHNL;P; ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? IONL; MO<D?NCP; ?G KO? @CAOL;P; ;

=OFJ;<CFC>;>?

"MM; >C=INIGC; ;=IFBC>; J?FIM J?H;FCMN;M >I M]=OFI 5&5 @IG?HNIO

I >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI >IM >?FCH?;G?HNIM >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>?
; JIHNI >? M?J;LX
F;M I KO? M? >?M?HPIFP?O J?F; JLCG?CL; P?T MIG?HN? H; M?
AOH>;?>C\[I>;I<L;>?3IH)CMTN ?G[587]
-ILN;HNI ?G JLCG?CL; ;HXFCM? J;LNCH>I >? OG; ;<IL>;A?G
;ONbHIG; ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ;JL?M?HN;P; =IHIN;\d?M JOL;G?HN? I<D?NCP;M
OG; =IH=?J\[I I<D?NCP; M?AOH>I ; KO;F I @;NI ;HNCDOL_>C=I >?P?LC; M?L =IG
JL??H>C>I o=IGI =IHNL;>C\[I Y F?C ? H[I Y PIHN;>? =IHM=C^H=C; IO IJCHC[I

>I;A?HN?p[588]!X
M??H@IKO?;I@;NI ?H[IY=IH>ON;>I;A?HN?
IHNL;JIH>I
M? Y =IH=?J\[I I<D?NCP; MOLA? ; =IH=?J\[I MO<D?NCP;
M?AOH>I ; KO;F HI ?H@IKO? >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? H[I M? P?LC@C=;LC; I ?P?HNI ?G

MC IO M?D; ?MNO>I I<D?NCPI >I @;NI G;M ; ;\[I =;OM;>IL; >I ?P?HNI o,
;A?HN? ;NO; DOMNC@C=;>I JIL OG; =;OM; ?R=FO>?HN? >? CFC=CNO>? M? CGJOFMCIH
;>I J?F; PIHN;>? >? ;ACL =IGI N;Fp[589] 3?D; KO? H?MN? JIHNI =IGI DX MOM
=CN;GIM ; =IH=?J\[I MO<D?NCP; NILH;

M? GOCNI =F;L; H[I HI ?MNO>I >I KO? ]
;HNCDOL_>C=I G;M HI ?MNO>I >I KO? H[I ] ;HNCDOL_>C=I IO M?D; I @;NI ;G
J;L;>IJIL?R=FO>?HN?M>?;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?
#CH;FG?HN? HI M]=OFI 55 ;FAOHM ;ONIL?M =IGI '?M=B?=E NLIOR
?L;G Y <;CF; OG; =IH=?J\[I I<D?NCPI

MO<D?NCP; M?AOH>I ; KO;F I ;HNCDOL_>C=I
J;MMIO ; M?L P;FIL;>I HIM GIG?HNIM CHN?LHIM ? ?RN?LHIM IO M?D; ; o;\[I Ma
M? NILH; CF_=CN; M? =IH=L?N;G?HN? L?;FCT;>; ?G ;HN;AIHCMGI ;IM P;FIL?M CG
JIMNIM J?FI !CL?CNI ? ;HCG;>; J?FI =IHB?=CG?HNI ? J?FI KO?L?L >I

;A?HN?p[590] "G IONLIM N?LGIM ; ?R=FO>?HN? >? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? P?LC@C=;
M? JLCG?CLI MII I @;NI =IG ; HILG; 2G; P?T
?H=IHNL;>; ; ?R=FOM[I I<D?NCP;G?HN? >?P?
M? <OM=;L ; P?LC@C=;\[I M? I
;A?HN? ;I CGJLCGCL ; ;\[I I<D?NCP;G?HN? DOMNC@C=;>; N;G<]G NCHB; ;HCGC=;
G?HN?;PIHN;>?>?;ACLMI<?MM?;GJ;LI
&GJILN;HN? ;F?LN; HIM NL;T 1?FG; HA]FC=; #CAO?CL?>I HI M?HNC>I

>? H[I M?L?G =IH@OH>C>;M ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;>IN;H>I
M?
I PC]M >; =IH=?J\[I I<D?NCPI
MO<D?NCP; MM?P?L; ; ;ONIL; KO? H;
;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? oC>?HNC@C=;
M? I<D?NCP;G?HN? I @;T?L ? ; HILG; ?

MO<D?NCP;G?HN? I KO?L?L ? ; HILG; I @;NI JMC=IFaAC=I G;N?LC;F ? ; HILG; ? I

@;NI J?L;HN? ; IL>?G DOL_>C=; +; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;H;FCM;
M? ; L?F;\[I ?HNL? I
KO?L?L ? I @;NI ?HNL? I @;NI JMC=IFaAC=I ? I @;NI G;N?LC;F I @;NI J?L;HN? I
;ONILp[591]
MMCG B;P?H>I =IH@ILG;\[I I<D?NCP; I @;T?L ? ; HILG; ? MO<
D?NCP; I KO?L?L ? ; HILG; ; =IH>ON; ?MN;LX DOMNC@C=;>; B;P?H>I =IH@ILG
;\[I I<D?NCP; I @;T?L ? ; HILG; G;M H[I MO<D?NCP; I KO?L?L ? ; HILG;

H[I B;P?LX DOMNC@C=;\[I >? =IH>ON; L?MJIH>?H>I I ;A?HN? J?FI @;NI @CH;F
G?HN? B;P?H>I =IH@ILG;\[I MO<D?NCP; JIL]G H[I I<D?NCP; JI>?LX B;P?L

?R=FOM[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? J?F; >CM=LCGCH;HN? JON;NCP; HI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CF
CN;L G;N]LC; ;@?N; ;I ?LLI >? @;NI ?G KO? M?LX ;P;FC;>I ?G OG N?L=?CLI GI
G?HNI I JLCG?CLI ? M?AOH>I GIG?HNIM M[I L?MJ?=NCP;G?HN? ; ;HXFCM? >;

NCJC=C>;>? ? ; >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ; L?F;\[I ?HNL? I KO?L?L ? I @;NI @;NI
JMC=IFaAC=I?@;NIG;N?LC;F
b) Antijuridicidade, injusto e antinormatividade
+[I BX KO? =IH@OH>CL antijuridicidade =IG injusto J;F;PL;M =IH
MC>?L;>;M MCHbHCG;M JIL ;FAOHM ;ONIL?M HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ] ; =IHNL;>C\[I

I<D?NCPI
MO<D?NCP; >; L?;FCT;\[I >I NCJI >? OG; HILG; JLIC<CNCP; =IG I IL
>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I ?G M?O =IHDOHNI H[I MIG?HN? =IG OG; HILG; CMIF
;>;[592] , CHDOMNI JIL MO; P?T ] ; ;\[I ?@?NCP;G?HN? JL;NC=;>; KO? =IH
NL;LC? I IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I IO M?D; >IN;>; >? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? =IH>ON;
N_JC=; ? ;HNCDOL_>C=; =IGJd? I CHDOMNI MMCG ;LL?G;N; CN?H=IOLN[593] ;

;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?]OGJL?>C=;>IICHDOMNI OGMO<MN;HNCPI
%X N;G<]G KO? N?L ?G =IHN; KO? 4?FT?F >CMNCHAOCO ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>
;>? >; ;HNCHILG;NCPC>;>?[594] "MN; =;L;=N?LCT;

M? J?F; L?;FCT;\[I >; =IH
>ON; N_JC=; ;<MNL;N;G?HN? JL?PCMN; J?F; F?C J?H;F H[I H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? ;HNC
DOL_>C=; +?MM? =IHN?RNI ? A G;N;L ;FAO]G ?G L?AL; M?LX =IH>ON; >IN;>;

>? antinormatividade JI>?LX =IHNO>I H[I N?L I JL?>C=;>I >; ;HNCDOLC>C
=C>;>? KO? <;MN;LC; J;L; =;L;=N?LCTX

F; =IGI =LCG? ;I G?HIM J;L; IM ;>?J
NIM >; N?ILC; <CJ;LNC>; >IM ?F?G?HNIM ?MNLONOL;CM >I =LCG? KO?

>?M=IHMC>?L;G ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? m F?G<L;H>I

M? KO? H; ?MNLONOL; =;OM;FCMN;
>I a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L ;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?CHN?AL;I=IH=?CNI>?=LCG?
c) Antijuridicidade ou ilicitude?
,ONLI JIHNI ; M?L >CMM?=;>I L?F;=CIH;
M? =IG ; ?RJL?MM[I
oCFC=CNO>?p ONCFCT;>; JL?@?L?H=C;FG?HN? JIL ;FAOHM ?G FOA;L >? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>
;>? /;=CI=_HCI FaAC=I I >? MMCM 1IF?>I ;I JIMNOF;L KO? JIL M?L I >?FCNI OG;
@C=\[I OG; =IH>ON; ;<MNL;N;G?HN? JL?PCMN; J?FI !CL?CNI H[I JI>? M?L
;HNCDOL_>C=I
"G FCHB;M A?L;CM =IH>?HM; I M;O>IMI G?MNL? KO? oI =?LNI M?LX
JICM >CT?L
M? KO? I >?FCNI ] OG @;NI DOL_>C=I =F;MMC@C=;>I ?G OG; >;M L;GC
@C=;\d?M >?MN? ?HNL? IM >?HIGCH;>IM ;NIM CF_=CNIM -I>?GIM JILN;HNI

;NLC<OCL
FB? =ILL?HN?G?HN? =IGI @;T?G ;FCXM IM ;ONIL?M JILNOAO?M?M
>?HNL? IM KO;CM ">O;L>I ILL?C; #CAO?CL?>I !C;M ? ;P;F?CLI >? #?LL?CL; ;
CFC=CNO>? M?GCH=ILL?LH;KO?F;=IHNL;>C\[I;JIHN;>;JIL ;LH?FONNCp[595]
"MM; >CP?LA^H=C; L?MM;FN?
M? @IC GOCNI <?G =OHB;>; JIL 1?FG;
HA]FC=; #CAO?CL?>I ?G M?O NL;<;FBI ?MJ?=_@C=I MI<L? ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L -;L; ; ;ONIL; H; o)_HAO; -ILNOAO?M; ;M J;F;PL;M ;HNC
DOLC>C=C>;>? ? CFC=CNO>? =IHMC>?L;G

M? MCHbHCG;M J?F; G;CILC; >IM ;ONIL?M
HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ;>P]G >; NL;>O\[I ?MJ;HBIF; ? CN;FC;H; >I PI=X<OFI
;F?G[I rechsividrigkeit ;LH?FONNC ;F?LN; Y =IHNL;>C\[I KO;HNI ; =IH=?CNO;L
>?FCNI=IGI;HNCDOL_>C=I ?GM?NL;N;H>I>?OG@?HbG?HIDOL_>C=Ip[596]
+[I ] ?MM? I ?HN?H>CG?HNI >? CN?H=IOLN[597] KO? J;L; ?MN;L

=IH=;N?H;>I =IG ; G;CILC; >IM >IONLCH;>IL?M ?OLIJ?OM JL?@?L? G;HN?L
M?
?HNL?;KO?F?MKO??HN?H>?GI>?FCNI=IGI=;L;=N?LCT;>I>?;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?
+[I P?GIM ; ?R?GJFI >I KO? JIMNOF;GIM ;I NL;N;L >; NCJC=C>;>?
=OFJIM; L;T[I J;L; ;FN?L;L I KO? GOCNI <?G DX @IC ?RJFIL;>I J?F; >IAGXNC=;
!?MM; @ILG; =IG ; >?PC>; P^HC; ;MM?HNCGIM H; JLIJIMC\[I >? ?T;L
/I<?LNICN?H=IOLN
d) Antijuridicidade penal e extrapenal

I >CM=ILL?L MI<L? ; CFC=CNO>? ;=?HNO; #L;H=CM=I >? MMCM 1IF?>I

o"HA;H;G
M? JICM IM KO? MOJd?G M?G =IHMC>?L;L KO? ; CFC=CNO>? J?H;F Ma
?RCMN? ?HKO;HNI N_JC=; KO? ; CFC=CNO>? ] ; G?MG; J;L; I NI>I >I
>CL?CNIp[598] +CNC>;G?HN? JILN;HNI I M;O>IMI JLI@?MMIL ?HN?H>? KO? ; ;H
NCDOLC>C=C>;>? H[I M? NL;>OT JIL OG; eHC=; L?;FC>;>? G;M MCG JIL OG; CFC
=CNO>? J?H;F ? OG; ?RNL;J?H;F $L;@C=;G?HN? L?JL?M?HN; M?O JIMNOF;>I ?G

=_L=OFIM =IH=^HNLC=IM M?H>I ;@?NI ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F I >? JIMC\[I =?HNL;F ? >C
GCHON; ?G L?F;\[I ;IM IONLIM !CL?CNI

KO?>?GIHMNL;LC;MO;N?M?
CPCF !CL?CNI >GCHCMNL;NCPI ?N= I
1;F JIMC\[I NI>;PC; ?H=IHNL; L?MCMN^H=C; H; >IONLCH; -;L; CN?H
=IOLN ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ] OG; Ma J;L; NI>I I !CL?CNI ?RCMNCH>I ?HNL?N;HNI

OG CHDOMNI J;L; =;>; L;GI MMCG OG CHDOMNI ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI N?LC; ?F?G?H
NIM JLaJLCIM MI<L?NO>I HI KO? N;HA? Y NCJC=C>;>? L?F;NCP;G?HN? Y ;HNCDOLC>C
=C>;>? JIL]G MIG?HN?OG;BXKO?M?P?LC@C=;L[599]
+I KO? =IH=?LH? ; ?MM; >CMNCH\[I ?HN?H>?GIM KO? ;MMCMN? L;T[I ;

MMCM 1IF?>I IHMC>?L;L ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? =IGI eHC=; L?;FC>;>? M?LC; H?A;L
;CH>?J?H>^H=C;>;M?M@?L;M>?>CL?CNI
"G M?>? >CM=CJFCH;L P A IM L?AOF;G?HNIM >CM=CJFCH;L?M GCFCN;L?M

=IHM;AL;G ?RJL?MM;G?HN? ;M =;OM;M KO? ?R=FO?G ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? MICJFIG;M =IHMCAH;G KO? ?G M? P?LC@C=;H>I N;CM =;OM;M H[I B;P?LX J?H; IO
no haver aplicao de sano disciplinar H[I >C@?L?H=C;H>I ?R;N;G?HN?
I =;GJI >? CH=C>^H=C; MI<L? ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? >I =;GJI >? CH=C>^H=C; MI<L?
;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
1IG?
M? JIL <;M? I KO? JL?P^ I /?AOF;G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L >; -IF_=C;
*CFCN;L>I"MN;>I>?0[I-;OFI[600] KO?=IHMCAH;
oLN +[I B;P?LX ;JFC=;\[I >? M;H\[I >CM=CJFCH;L KO;H>I @IL L?
=IHB?=C>;KO;FKO?L>;MM?AOCHN?M=;OM;M>?DOMNC@C=;\[I
& m GINCPI >? @IL\; G;CIL IO =;MI @ILNOCNI JF?H;G?HN?
=IGJLIP;>IM

&& m <?H?@_=CI >I M?LPC\I >; JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=; IO >I CH
N?L?MM?Je<FC=I
&&&mF?A_NCG;>?@?M;JLaJLC;IO>?IONL?G
&3 m I<?>C^H=C; ; IL>?G MOJ?LCIL >?M>? KO? ; IL>?G L?=?<C>; H[I
M?D;G;HC@?MN;G?HN?CF?A;F
3 m OMI >? @IL\; J;L; =IGJ?FCL I MO<IL>CH;>I ; =OGJLCL LCA
ILIM;G?HN? I M?O >?P?L HI =;MI >? J?LCAI H?=?MMC>;>? OLA?HN? =;F;GC>;>?

Je<FC=;IOG;HON?H\[I>;IL>?G?>;>CM=CJFCH;p
IGI M? P?LC@C=; I >CJFIG; ?G KO?MN[I =IHMC>?L; MI< OG G?MGI
N_NOFI =;OM;M >? DOMNC@C=;\[I =CL=OHMNZH=C; KO? J?F; F?C J?H;F ?R=FOC ; ;HNC
DOLC>C=C>;>? ;I F;>I >? =CL=OHMNZH=C;M IONL;M L?=IHB?=C>;G?HN? ?R=FO>?HN?M

IOGCNCA;>IL;M>?=OFJ;<CFC>;>? HIM>CJFIG;MJ?H;CM
!?MM; @ILG; L?MJ?CN;H>I ; ;ONIHIGC; >;M ?M@?L;M >? >CL?CNI ; @I
G?HN;L ; NL_JFC=? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >I GCFCN;L J?H;F ? ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; ;KOC

NL;N;>;M MIG;>;M Y =CPCF ] J?L@?CN;G?HN? ;>GCMM_P?F @;F;L ?G injusto penal
? injusto administrativo I KO? =IH>OT ; OG; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? J?H;F ? IONL;
?RNL;J?H;F CMMI;I=IHMC>?L;LGIMCHDOMNI=IGI tipicidade antijurdica
$L;@C=;G?HN? JILN;HNI N?L_;GIM
+I KO? =IH=?LH? Y L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? =CPCF N;G<]G ; ?HN?H>?GIM
=IGI ;ONbHIG; @IG?HN;>; JIL ?F?G?HNIM JLaJLCIM +[I HIM J;L?=? NI>;PC;

m ? ;KOC >CP?LACGIM >? MMCM 1IF?>I m L?JL?M?HN;L ?F; IONLI =_L=OFI G;CM
;GJFI ? =IG I G?MGI =?HNLI >; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F "G IONL;M J;F;P
L;M H[I ] =IH=^HNLC=; Y L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F IO ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; #;=CF
G?HN? M? JI>? >?GIHMNL;L I ;KOC ;@CLG;>I M? F?G<L;LGIM >? KO? BX

CH@L;\d?M ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI
>CM=CJFCH;L?M KO? H[I H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? >?P?G A?L;L
=IHM?KO^H=C; =CPCF P A H[I JL?MN;L =IHNCH^H=C; ;I MOJ?LCIL "G PC; IJIMN;
? =IGJLIP;H>I I ;F?A;>I BX CF_=CNIM =CPCM KO? H[I H?=?MM;LC;G?HN? >?P?G
A?L;L L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI
>CM=CJFCH;L =IGI I GCFCN;L KO? A?L;
>;HI;IONL?G=OFJIM;G?HN??GJ?KO?HI;=C>?HN?>?NLZHMCNI HICHN?LCIL>?
OG=IH>IG_HCI
-;L; G?FBIL M?>CG?HN;L L?JL?M?HN;GIM AL;@C=;G?HN? CHC=C;H>I
J?FIKO?M?>?>OT>IM?HMCH;G?HNIM>?MMCM1IF?>I
3?D;GIM JIL @CG ; NL_JFC=? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? =IGI ; JLIJIMN; KO?
M?;JL?M?HN;

2G; eFNCG; I<M?LP;\[I KO? M? >?P? N?L JL?M?HN? >CT L?MJ?CNI ;I CF_
=CNI >? CGJLI<C>;>? ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; -;L; ; NIN;FC>;>? >; >IONLCH; H[I M?

NL;N; >? CF_=CNI J?H;F J;L; ;FAOHM N;G<]G M? >C@?L?H=C; >; CH@L;\[I >CM=CJ
FCH;L[601] %X M?AG?HNI JIL ?MM; PCM[I KO? ?HN?H>? N?L MOLAC>I =IG ;
?>C\[I >; )?C @?>?L;F H OG; KO;LN; ?M@?L; >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?
;FN?L;H>I
M?J;L=C;FG?HN?;L?JL?M?HN;\[IALX@C=;JLIJIMN;
e) Antijuridicidade material e formal[602]
!?=ILL?HN? >I JIMCNCPCMGI MI=CIFaAC=I ?G =IHNL;JIMC\[I ;I JIMCNCP
CMGI DOL_>C=I =IGI ?HMCH; *CL;<?N? MOLA? I =IH=?CNI >? antijuridicidade

material IO substancial KO? <OM=; >?FCGCN;L =IGI antijurdica H[I ; =IH
>ON; KO? ;J?H;M =IHNL;LC? I IL>?H;G?HNI antijuridicidade formal G;M

;KO?F; KO? N?HB; L?F?P;HN? >;HIMC>;>? MI=C;F ; JIHNI >? M?L =IHMC>?L;>; ?G
MO;?MM^H=C; ;HNCDOL_>C=;[603]
IGI GOCNI <?G ;MMCH;F; CN?H=IOLN ; o;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? G;N?LC;F

M? =IHMNCNOC >; F?M[I JLI>OTC>; J?FI =IGJILN;G?HNI BOG;HI KO? @?L? I CH
N?L?MM? DOL_>C=I JLIN?AC>I CMNI ] ;F]G >; =IHNL;>C\[I >; =IH>ON; JL;NC=;>;
=IG ; JL?PCM[I >; HILG; ] H?=?MMXLCI KO? I <?G DOL_>C=I JLIN?AC>I MI@L; ;
I@?HM; IO ; ;G?;\; JIN?H=C;FCT;>; J?FI =IGJILN;G?HNI >?M;DOMN;>Ip[604]
-LIMM?AO? ;MM?P?L;H>I KO? ;I M? ;>GCNCL ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? G;N?LC;F CG
JILN;HN?M =IHM?KO^H=C;M ?PC>?H=C;L

M?
[I ; M;<?L ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ;>GCM
M[I >? =;OM;M MOJL;F?A;CM >? ?R=FOM[I >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ; >?MJ?H;FCT;\[I

>? @;NIM >?MJLIPC>IM ;NO;FG?HN? >? F?MCPC>;>? ;I <?G DOL_>C=I ? ; ?R=FOM[I

>ICHDOMNI>IM>?FCNIMNC>IMJILCHMCAHC@C=;HN?M[605]
f) Desvalor da ao e desvalor do resultado
-;L; ; =IH@CAOL;\[I >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? BX HCNC>;G?HN? OG >?MP;FIL
>I L?MOFN;>I MI<L?NO>I M? M? =IHMC>?L;L ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? G;N?LC;F >CL?N;
G?HN?FCA;>;YF?MCPC>;>?>I<?GDOL_>C=I
"HNL?N;HNI ?G GI>?LHIM =IHNILHIM ;MM?HN?

M? KO? I GI>I >?
JLI>O\[I >?MM? L?MOFN;>I N;G<]G ] P;FIL;>I >?=ILL?H>I ;CH>; >? M?O >?M
P;FIL ; =;L;=N?LCT;\[I >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M BX H; ;HNCDOL
C>C=C>;>?N;G<]GI>?MP;FIL>;;\[I
, >?MP;FIL >; ;\[I AO;L>; ?MNL?CN; L?F;\[I =IG I ?F?G?HNI MO<D?N
CPI ?MJ?=_@C=I >I CHDOMNI JILKO;HNI ] ?MM? I ?PC>?H=C;>IL ;I G?HIM HI JF;
HI ;<MNL;NI >; @CH;FC>;>? G;CM _HNCG; >; ;\[I F?MCP; -IL ?MM; L;T[I ? A
H?G NI>; F?M[I Y JLIJLC?>;>? >? CGaP?CM L?MOFN;>I =IHMNCNOC I CHDOMNI
N_JC=I G;M MIG?HN? ; F?M[I ?HN?H>;
M? I=OJ;\[I Y KO;F M? JLI=?>?O =IG
PCIF^H=C;IOCHNCGC>;\[IYJ?MMI;;LN>I -[606]
+[I Ma I ?F?G?HNI ?RN?LHI >; ;\[I >I ;ONIL =IGJd? ; ;\[I >IN;>;
>? P;FIL;\[I H?A;NCP; =L?M=?HN; CN?H=IOLN KO? ;M circunstncias pessoais
do autor N;G<]G >?P?G M?L CHN?AL;HN?M >I >?MP;FIL ; @CG >? =IGJIL ; ;HNC
DOLC>C=C>;>?[607]
,M componentes pessoais CHN?AL;HN?M >I >?MP;FIL >; ;\[I JI>?G

M?L =F;MMC@C=;>IM H; M?AOCHN? =IH@ILGC>;>? ; dolo, natural, como componente tpico PIHN;>? >? ;\[I >CLCAC>; =IHNL; I G;H>;G?HNI HILG;NCPI m OG;
;\[I JL;NC=;>; =IG >IFI CHN?HMI M?LX GOCNI G;CM >?MP;FCIM; < elementos
subjetivos de autoria =IGJIH?HN?M MO<D?NCPIM KO? P;FILCT;G ; JIMC\[I >I
;ONIL >; CH@L;\[I ;OG?HN;H>I IO >CGCHOCH>I ; F?M[I >I >?P?L CH@LCHAC>I ?
= elementos subjetivos do injusto >?@CH?G =IG G;CM JL?=CM[I ; >CL?\[I >;
PIHN;>? >I ;ONIL >; ;\[I F?MCP; ;I <?G DOL_>C=I m =IG ?F?M ;=?HNO;
M? I
>?MP;FIL CHN?LHI >I ;A?HN? ; L?MJ?CNI >I ;MJ?=NI ?RN?LHI >?M=LCNI HI NCJI
J?H;F[608] B;G;GIM ; ;N?H\[I J;L; IM elementos subjetivos de autoria

JICM IM ?HN?H>?GIM GOCNI CGJILN;HN?M ?G L?F;\[I Y =IGJIMC\[I >; ;HNCDOL
C>C=C>;>?>I=LCG?GCFCN;L
'X ;@CLG;GIM KO? JIL J;L;>IR;F KO? JIMM; J;L?=?L ; ;JFC=;\[I >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L L?>OH>; ?G G?HIL CHN?LP?H\[I HI =ILJI MI=C;F JIL
KO;HNI I ;J?H;G?HNI >I GCFCN;L =LCGCHIMI F?P;LX IM M?LPC>IL?M GCFCN;L?M ;

;MMCGCF;L I L?@IL\I >IM P;FIL?M =IHNC>IM H;M HILG;M CH=LCGCH;>IL;M ?R
;FN;H>I ; JL?P?H\[I A?L;F JIMCNCP; =IGI ; JL?JIH>?L;HN? @CH;FC>;>? >; J?H;

?G !CL?CNI -?H;F GCFCN;L V >CT?L KO? M;<?H>I ?MN;L MI< IM IFBIM ;N?HNIM >?
OG !CL?CNI -?H;F GCFCN;L ?@C=C?HN? I M?LPC>IL GCFCN;L KO? JI>? ?G ?RNL?G;
>;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M NOL<;L >CL?CNIM CH>CPC>O;CM M?LX =;ON?FIMI ?G M?O ;NO;L I

KO?MCAHC@C=; CH?PCN;P?FG?HN? L?>O\[I>?=IH>ON;M;ONILCNXLC;M>?MG?>C>;M
?MM; =IHMN;N;\[I ?G @;PIL >? OG !CL?CNI -?H;F GCFCN;L G;CM

?@C=C?HN? MIG?
M? ; G;CIL L?JLIP;<CFC>;>? >? OG; ;\[I N_JC=; KO;H>I I
MOD?CNI ;NCPI @IL OG GCFCN;L ;KO?F? KO? N?G =IGI GCMN?L >? MO; JLI@CMM[I
JLIN?A?L I "MN;>I >? !CL?CNI MI<?L;HI >?GI=LXNC=I ? MI=C;F IH=FOC
M?
H?MM? >C;J;M[I KO? OG; =IH>ON; CH@L;=CIH;F ;I M?L J?LJ?NL;>; JIL ;KO?F?
KO? N?G I >?P?L F?A;F >? JLIN?A?L I CGJ]LCI >; F?C ?F?P;
M? ?G L?JLIP;\[I
M? =IGJ;L;>; Y =IH>ON; >? KO;FKO?L >I JIPI -IL ?MM; L;T[I IM elementos
subjetivos de autoria A;HB;G >?MN;KO? H; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ?G M? NL;N;H>I
>?=LCG?GCFCN;LJ?LJ?NL;>IJILGCFCN;L
-IL >?LL;>?CLI >?MN;=;GIM KO? ?G @;=? >?MM; >OJF; P;FIL;\[I ;
>IONLCH; P?G >CM=ONCH>I KO;F ?F?G?HNI >?P? JL?JIH>?L;L H; =IGJIMC\[I >;

;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? I >?MP;FIL >I L?MOFN;>I IO I >; ;\[I %X HINXP?CM PIT?M ?G
;G<IM IM JIFIM I KO? H[I JI>?LC; >?CR;L >? @IG?HN;L JIMC\[I ?KOC>CMN;HN?
M?AOH>I ; KO;F H[I BX JL?JIH>?LZH=C; >?P?H>I B;P?L L?F;NCP; B;LGIHC;
?HNL? IM >ICM JICM I IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I P;FIL; ; ;G<IM OG =IG @OH\[I
M?F?NCP; >?MP;FIL >; ;\[I m >?@CHCH>I KO;CM =IH>ON;M M[I CHNIF?LXP?CM ;I
!CL?CNI -?H;F ? IONLI =IG @OH\[I MO<MN;H=C;F >?MP;FIL >I L?MOFN;>I m >?
@CHCH>IKO;CMF?Md?MG?L?=?GL?@F?RIJ?H;F
g) Excludentes de antijuridicidade no Cdigo Penal

Militar

&GJILN; N?L ?G =IHN; KO? ; >IONLCH; ONCFCT; ?RJL?MMd?M PXLC;M J;L;

>?MCAH;L ;KO?F;M BCJaN?M?M KO? ;@;MN;G ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? >; =IH>ON; !?MM;
@ILG; N?GIM =;OM;M >? DOMNC@C=;\[I ?R=FO>?HN?M >? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? >? CFC
=CNO>??>?=LCG? =;OM;MDOMNC@C=;HN?M?N=
IGI ;M >?MCAH;\d?M ;=CG; ;JIHN;G NL;N;
M? >? =CL=OHMNZH=C;M
KO? ?R=FO?G ;@;MN;G ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? JI>?H>I M?L J;L; ;FAOHM MIG?HN?
;M ?HOG?L;>;M HI a>CAI -?H;F N;HNI H; -;LN? $?L;F =IGI H; -;LN? "MJ?
=C;F IO J;L; L?MJ?CNXP?CM >IONLCH;>IL?M ;IM KO;CM HIM ;FCHB;GIM ;M =IHMCA
H;>;M H; F?C J?H;F N;G<]G -;LN? $?L;F ? -;LN? "MJ?=C;F ;=L?M=C>;M >? causas supralegais =IGII=IHM?HNCG?HNI>II@?H>C>I
;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? N;F KO;F ; NCJC=C>;>? >?P? I<?>?=?L Y =IH@ILG
;\[I I<D?NCP; ? MO<D?NCP; =IGI DX >CMJOM?GIM ;=CG; 1;F =IHMC>?L;\[I @C=;

?PC>?HN? ;I ;H;FCM;LGIM ;M =;OM;M DOMNC@C=;HN?M B;P?H>I ; H?=?MMC>;>? >?
JL??H=BCG?HNI >? OG; NCJC=C>;>? J?LGCMMCP; MO<D?NCP; KO? H;>; G;CM ] KO?
OG; =;OM; ?R=FO>?HN? >? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? +?MM? M?HNC>I ? A Ma ;ACLX ?G
F?A_NCG; >?@?M; KO?G I @CT?L =IG animus defendendi JICM ; JL?M?H\; >I ?F?
G?HNI MO<D?NCPI ;@;MN; I >?MP;FIL >; ;\[I DX KO? I ;A?HN? ;NO; =IH@ILG? I
>CL?CNI[609]
#?CN;M ;M =IHMC>?L;\d?M JL?FCGCH;L?M ;=?L=; >;M ?R=FO>?HN?M >? ;H
NCDOLC>C=C>;>? J;MM?GIM;IM?O?MNO>IG;CM>?N;FB;>I
Estado de necessidade
>IONLCH; J?HM; I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? MI< NL^M >C@?L?HN?M JIHNIM

>? PCMN; oJLCG?CLI =IGI ?MJ;\I FCPL? >I >CL?CNI =;L;=N?LCT;>I J?F; L?HeH=C;
>I IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I Y >CM=CJFCH; >? =IH@FCNIM CHMIFeP?CM M?AOH>I =IGI
DOMNC@C=;\[I >? =IH>ON; N_JC=; @OH>;>; H; JL?JIH>?LZH=C; >I <?G DOL_>C=I
JLIN?AC>I N?L=?CLI =IGI ?R=OFJ;\[I >? =IH>ON; ;HNCDOL_>C=; @OH>;>; H; CH
?RCAC<CFC>;>?>?=IGJILN;G?HNI=IH@ILG?;I>CL?CNI[610]
-;LNCH>I >?MM;M JIMMC<CFC>;>?M MOLA?G GI>?LH;G?HN? >O;M N?ILC;M

; ?RJFC=;L ; H;NOL?T; DOL_>C=; >I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ; unitria ? ;
diferenciadora

teoria unitria IO monista MOMN?HN; KO? I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>?

N?LX ;J?H;M ; H;NOL?T; DOMNC@C=;HN? CH>?J?H>?HN?G?HN? >; P;FIL;\[I >IM
<?HM ; M?L?G M;=LC@C=;>IM H[I F?P;H>I ?G =IHMC>?L;\[I ; MOJL?G;=C; >I
<?G JLIN?AC>I ?G L?F;\[I ;I M;=LC@C=;>I ? PC=?
P?LM; %X ;CH>; M?NIL >;
teoria monista KO? ;@CLG; KO? I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?G P?L>;>? JIMMOC
?@?CNIM ?R=OFJ;HN?M N;G<]G CH>?J?H>?HN?G?HN? >; P;FIL;\[I >? <?HM F?C
J?H;F =IGOG =IHM;ALIO I ?@?CNI DOMNC@C=;HN? =IH@ILG? =IHMCAH; I ;LN &
>I -
'X ; oN?ILC; >C@?L?H=C;>IL; ;NLC<OC ;I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ;FN?LH
;NCP; ? MCGOFN;H?;G?HN? ?@?CNIM DOMNC@C=;HN? ? ?R=OFJ;HN?p[611] #IC ; N?ILC;

;>IN;>; J?FI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG >? L?PIA;>I ;HN?M >? ?HNL;L ?G PCA
IL ? ] ; ;>IN;>; J?F; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F ;F?G[ ? J?FI HIMMI

*CFCN;L
a>CAI -?H;F
!?MM; @ILG; =IHNL;JIH>I

M? Y N?ILC; OHCNXLC; ;>IN;>; J?F; HIP;
-;LN? $?L;F >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;>IN; ; teoria
diferenciadora =IHM;AL;H>I I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?R=OFJ;HN? ? DOMNC@C=
;HN? !CMJd? I ;LN >I -* o+[I ] CAO;FG?HN? =OFJ;>I KO?G J;L; JLI
N?A?L >CL?CNI JLaJLCI IO >? J?MMI; ; KO?G ?MNX FCA;>I JIL ?MNL?CN;M L?F;\d?M
>? J;L?HN?M=I IO ;@?C\[I =IHNL; J?LCAI =?LNI ? ;NO;F KO? H[I JLIPI=IO H?G
JI>C; >? IONLI GI>I ?PCN;L M;=LC@C=; >CL?CNI ;FB?CI ;CH>; KO;H>I MOJ?LCIL
;I >CL?CNI JLIN?AC>I >?M>? KO? H[I FB? ?L; L;TI;P?FG?HN? ?RCA_P?F =IH>ON;
>CP?LM;p ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?R=OFJ;HN? ;I J;MMI KO? I ;LN >I
L?@?LC>I a>CAI =IHMCAH; H[I B;P?L =LCG? KO;H>I I @;NI ] JL;NC=;>I ?G ?M
N;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? =IGJL??H>C>I ?MN? J;L; ?@?CNIM DOMNC@C=;HN?M =IH@ILG?

I ;LN KO? =IHMC>?L; ?G ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? oKO?G JL;NC=; I @;NI J;L;
JL?M?LP;L >CL?CNI M?O IO ;FB?CI >? J?LCAI =?LNI ? ;NO;F KO? H[I JLIPI=IO
H?G JI>C; >? IONLI GI>I ?PCN;L >?M>? KO? I G;F =;OM;>I JIL MO; H;NOL?T;
? CGJILNZH=C; ] =IHMC>?L;P?FG?HN? CH@?LCIL ;I G;F ?PCN;>I ? I ;A?HN? H[I
?L;F?A;FG?HN?I<LCA;>I;;LLIMN;LIJ?LCAIp
+CNC>;G?HN? M? JI>? J?L=?<?L KO? ; JLCH=CJ;F >C@?L?H\; ?HNL? ?F?M

?MNX H; MOJL?G;=C; IO H[I >I <?G M;=LC@C=;>I ?G L?F;\[I YKO?F? KO? M? JL?
N?H>C; JLIN?A?L "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M =;L;=N?LCT;

M? I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>?

KO;H>I ;FAO]G J;L; JLIN?A?L OG <?G DOL_>C=I ;=;<; JIL M;=LC@C=;L IONLI
<?G DOLC>C=;G?HN? NON?F;>I ? ; =IGJ;L;\[I ?HNL? I <?G M;=LC@C=;>I ? I JLI
N?AC>I >;LX ; =F;MMC@C=;\[I >I @;NI =IGI ;<L;HAC>I JIL ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>?
?R=OFJ;HN? IO DOMNC@C=;HN? +;M >O;M MCNO;\d?M I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? =IG
JL??H>? M?GJL? oOG; =IFCM[I >? <?HM CHN?L?MM?M m >CL?CNIM NON?F;>IM J?F; F?C
m JIL ;=B;L
M? I ;A?HN? ?G MCNO;\[I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?G PCLNO>? >IM G;CM >C
P?LMIM GINCPIM ; ?R?GJFI >; =IH>ON; BOG;H; @;NI >? ;HCG;F IO @IL\;M
H;NOL;CMp[612]
=?L=; >I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?R=OFJ;HN? >CM=ILL?L?GIM ;I NL;N;L

>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
+I =;MI ?G KO? I <?G M;=LC@C=;>I @IL CH@?LCIL ;I JLIN?AC>I ?MN;L?
GIM >C;HN? H[I >? OG; ?R=FO>?HN? >? culpabilidade G;M MCG >? antijuridicidade =IHMCAH;H>II a>CAIKO?H[IB;P?LX=LCG?=IG?NC>I
-;MM?GIM ; ;H;FCM;L IM L?KOCMCNIM >I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?R
=FO>?HN?>?;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?
, J?LCAI ] o>?@CHC>I J?F; AL;H>? JLI<;<CFC>;>? >? F?M[I >I <?G

DOL_>C=I ;G?;\;>I M?AOH>I I DO_TI I<D?NCPI ex ante >? OG I<M?LP;>IL CHN?FC
A?HN?p[613] -?LCAI JILN;HNI MCAHC@C=; JIMM_P?F F?M[I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I KO? M?

JL?N?H>? JLIN?A?L ;@?LC>I J?FI DO_TI >? OG; J?MMI; CHN?FCA?HN? >I =_L=OFI MI
=C;F >I ;ONIL GOHC>I >IM =IHB?=CG?HNIM ?MJ?=_@C=IM >; MCNO;\[I KO? JIMMO_;
I ;A?HN? HI GIG?HNI >? MO; ;\[I IG ?MM; I<M?LP;\[I CHN?FCA?HN? =B?A;L
M?
X Y =IH=FOM[I >? KO? I J?LCAI ?L; =?LNI JL??H=B?H>I OG >IM ?F?G?HNIM
>I tipo permissivo ?G ?MNO>I "HN?H>?GIM KO? ?MM? J?LCAI JILN;HNI >?P?
M?L ?HR?LA;>I MI? OG; N?ILC; I<D?NCP; ? MO<D?NCP; GCMN; "G
IONLIM N?LGIM J;L; KO? M? L?=IHB?\; I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? >?P?
M? P?LC@C
=;L ; I=ILL^H=C; JIMM_P?F >? OG @?HbG?HI G;N?LC;F F?MCPI ;I <?G IO >CL?CNI

JLIN?AC>I ? N;G<]G ; ?RCMN^H=C; >? OG; MCNO;\[I F?MCP; H; L?JL?M?HN;\[I
G?HN;F >I ;A?HN? >I @;NI H?=?MMXLCI *;CM OG; P?T L?J?NCGIM KO? B;P?H>I
=IH@ILG;\[I I<D?NCP; ? MO<D?NCP; ; =IH>ON; ?MN;LX DOMNC@C=;>; B;P?H>I =IH
@ILG;\[I I<D?NCP; G;M H[I MO<D?NCP; H[I B;P?LX DOMNC@C=;\[I >? =IH>ON; L?
MJIH>?H>I I ;A?HN? J?FI @;NI @CH;FG?HN? B;P?H>I =IH@ILG;\[I MO<D?NCP;

JIL]G H[I I<D?NCP; JI>?LX B;P?L ?R=FOM[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? J?F; >CM=LCGCH
;HN? JON;NCP; =IGJL??HM[I G?HN;F >I J?LCAI I<PC;G?HN? CHN?AL; ; @ILG
;\[I >; =IH@ILG;\[I MO<D?NCP; IO M?D; M? I ;A?HN? >I @;NI H?=?MMXLCI H[I
MIO<?L >I LCM=I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I KO? JLIN?A? =IG MO; ;\[I H[I M;<?LX ?MN;L
?G?MN;>I>?H?=?MMC>;>?
;NO;FC>;>? >?MM? J?LCAI >?P? M?L =IGJLIP;>; J?F; H?=?MMC>;>?
imediata >? JLIN?\[I IO M?D; ; =IHMN;N;\[I N;G<]G J?FI DO_TI >? J?MMI;
CHN?FCA?HN? >? KO? ; H[I ;\[I H;KO?F? GIG?HNI ?HM?D;LC; G;CIL LCM=I IO
?@?NCPI >;HI ;I <?G DOL_>C=I +IN?
M? KO? ; F?C ?RJL?MM;G?HN? Ma M? L?@?L? ;
J?LCAI ;NO;F H[I G?H=CIH;H>I ;I =IHNLXLCI >I KO? @;T =IG ; CHDOMN;
;AL?MM[I H; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; I J?LCAI CGCH?HN? "MM; FCN?L;FC>;>? ?HNL?N;HNI
H[I G?L?=? AO;LC>; JILKO;HNI ; ;NO;FC>;>? IO CGCH^H=C; >I J?LCAI GOCN;M

P?T?M >?J?H>?LX >; ;HXFCM? MO<D?NCP; >? KO?G ;P;FC; I @;NI M?H>I =IHP?HC
?HN? JIMNOF;L ;KOC ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? CHPI=;L I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? J;L;
J?LCAI ;NO;F IO iminente. +?MM? M?HNC>I JL?=CIM;M ;M FC\d?M >? *;A;FB[?M
+ILIHB; ;I ?HN?H>?L ; ;NO;FC>;>? >I J?LCAI =IGI probabilidade de ofensa
ou leso ao bem jurdico HCMMI =IGJL??H>?H>I I J?LCAI ;NO;F IO CGCH
?HN?[614]
JLIJaMCNI >?MM? <?G DOL_>C=I =IGI M? >?>OT >; MCGJF?M F?CNOL; ]

CH>C@?L?HN? J;L; I NCJI KO? J?LN?H\; ;I JLaJLCI ;ONIL IO ; N?L=?CLI JIL IONLI
F;>I ] @OH>;G?HN;F KO? I ;A?HN? H[I N?HB; A?L;>I I LCM=I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I
"RCMN?G @ILN?M >CM=OMMd?M >IONLCHXLC;M MI<L? ?MM? JIHNI B;P?H>I KO?G ?H
N?H>; KO? ; G?L; PIFOHN;LC?>;>? H; A?L;\[I >? LCM=I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I ;@;MN;L
C; I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? -IL ?MM; P?LN?HN? KO?G A?L; ;CH>; KO?
=OFJIM;G?HN? I LCM=I J;L; I <?G DOL_>C=I H[I JI>? CHPI=;L I ?MN;>I >? H?
=?MMC>;>? +?MM? M?HNC>I 1?FG; HA]FC=; #CAO?CL?>I ;>OT KO? ; oF?C J?H;F
GCFCN;L =IH@ILG? ILC?HN;\[I >; ]JI=; >; >IONLCH; <L;MCF?CL; ;<L;\; ; N?ILC;
>; PIFOHN;LC?>;>? >I J?LCAI =IGI CHN?H=CIH;FC>;>? -IL ?MM; N?ILC; I

;A?HN? Ma JI>? L?=ILL?L Y ?R=FO>?HN? >? CFC=CNO>? ? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? >I ?MN;>I
>? H?=?MMC>;>? M? H[I BIOP?L =IH=ILLC>I PIFOHNXLC; IO =OFJIM;G?HN? J;L; I
?P?HNIp[615]

+[I >?P? M?L ?MM; =IG ; >?PC>; P^HC; ; =IGJL??HM[I ;NO;F >I >CM
JIMCNCPI ?G ;HXFCM? IG ?@?CNI ; L?>;\[I >;>; J?FI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG

;I =IHMCAH;L ; ?RJL?MM[I oKO? H[I JLIPI=IO JIL MO; PIHN;>?p HI ;LN
GIMNL;
M? G;CM ;>?KO;>; KO? I ;LNCAI =ILL?F;NI HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L
-;L?=?
HIM FaAC=I NI>;PC; KO? M?AOH>I I GI>I >? P?L >; GI>?LH; >IAGXN
C=; J?LG?;>; J?F; ;\[I =IG CHN?H\[I @CH;F I >CMJIMCNCPI >?P? M?L ?HN?H>C>I
Y FOT >I >IFI "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M MIG?HN? H[I JI>?LX CHPI=;L I ?MN;>I >?
H?=?MMC>;>? ;KO?F? KO? JLIPI=;L dolosamente I LCM=I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I +?MM?

M?HNC>I =IG G;?MNLC; >CT CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM KO? I oJ?LCAI >?P? M?L CHPIFOH
NXLCI IO M?D; H[I JI>? M?L JLIPI=;>I CHN?H=CIH;FG?HN? J?FI ;ONIL J;L; JLI
N?\[I J?MMI;F Y =OMN; >I IONLI G;M ;>GCN? JLI>O\[I CGJLO>?HN? JILKO? ;
FCGCN;\[I F?A;F M? L?MNLCHA? Y PIHN;>? JLaJLC; ? ; ;HNCA; M?HN?H\; qKO?G =LC;
J?LCAI GILL;JILCMMIr?MNXOFNL;J;MM;>;p[616]
3?LM; ;CH>; I NCJI >I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? justificante KO? J;L;
MO; CHPI=;\[I ] H?=?MMXLCI KO? I J?LCAI H[I N?HB; MC>I JIMM_P?F >? ?PCN;L JIL
IONLI GI>I =IH@ILG? I >CL?CNI F?M[I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I M;=LC@C=;>I ?G ION
LIM N?LGIM ?L; H?=?MMXLC; J;L; ; JLIN?\[I >I IONLI <?G KO? M? JLIN?A?O I
KO? ?RCA? KO? I oG?CI ONCFCT;>I M?D; ;JLIJLC;>I J;L; ?PCN;L I J?LCAI ?R
=FOCH>I ;AL?MMd?M CHeN?CM ; <?HM DOL_>C=IM ;FB?CIM JILKO? M? I ?MN;>I >? H?
=?MMC>;>? ] =IHMNCNO_>I J?F; ?RCMN^H=C; >? OG J?LCAI ;NO;F CHPIFOHNXLCI ? CH
?PCNXP?F M?G F?M[I ?HN[I ; DOMNC@C=;\[I =IHMCMN? JL?=CM;G?HN? H; ?FCGCH
;\[I >?MM? J?LCAI JI>?H>I ? >?P?H>I I ;ONIL ;I =IHNLXLCI >; F?A_NCG; >?
@?M; =IHMC>?L;L NI>;M ;M ;FN?LH;NCP;M JIMM_P?CM J;L; ?PCN;L I J?LCAI CH=FOMCP?

; ;DO>; >? N?L=?CLIM ? H; BCJaN?M? >? CHN?LP?H\[I ?G <?HM DOL_>C=IM ;FB?CIM
ONCFCT;L IM G?CIM G?HIM >;HIMIMp[617] 0OLA? JICM I L?KOCMCNI >; inevitabil-
idade IO M?D; ; =IH>ON; N_JC=; >I ;A?HN? >I @;NI H?=?MMXLCI >?P? M?L ; eHC=;
G;H?CL;>??PCN;LI>;HI;I<?GIO>CL?CNIJLIN?AC>IJILMO;;\[I[618]
+[I JI>? CHPI=;L ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? KO?G N?G I<LCA;\[I >? ;L
LIMN;L I J?LCAI I KO? =IHMNCNOC I<LCA;\[I ?MJ?=C;F >? >?P?L "MN; JI>? M?L
=IHMN;N;>; ? A KO;H>I BIOP?L >?P?L DOL_>C=I ?MJ?=C;F >? proteo
comunidade =IGIHI=;MI>?JIFC=C;CMGCFCN;L?M?<IG<?CLIMGCFCN;L?M

!?P?
M? F?G<L;L HI ?HN;HNI KO? I >?P?L F?A;F >? ?H@L?HN;L I J?LCAI
H[I ] ;<MIFONI =?MM;H>I JIL ?R?GJFI ?G @;=? >; =?LN?T; IO >? ;FN; JLI<;<
CFC>;>? >? GILN? IO >? F?M[I >I ;A?HN? OG; P?T KO? I !CL?CNI =IGI ;>OT
CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM oH[I JI>? ?RCACL L?HeH=C; Y PC>; IO ; ;=?CN;\[I >? AL;P?M
F?Md?M Y M;e>? IO ;I =ILJIp[619] "MM; N;G<]G ; PCM[I >? $OCFB?LG? +O==C
I KO;F ?G<IL; ;>GCN; KO? I >?P?L >? KO? NL;N; ; F?C >?P; M?L =IGJL??H>C>I
?G M?HNC>I F;NI ;F=;H\;H>I H[I Ma I JIFC=C;F G;M N;G<]G I M?AOL;H\; J;L
NC=OF;L J ?R ;@CLG; =IG ;AO>?T; KO? oH[I M? ?RCA? >; J?MMI; ?H=;LL?A;>;
>? ?H@L?HN;L I J?LCAI KO;FKO?L ;NI >? B?LI_MGI IO ;<>C=;\[I >? >CL?CNIM @OH
>;G?HN;CM >? @ILG; KO? I <IG<?CLI H[I ?MNX I<LCA;>I ; M? G;N;L ?G OG

CH=^H>CI J;L; M;FP;L N?L=?CLIM H?G I JIFC=C;F ; ?H@L?HN;L J?LCAI CLL;=CIH;F
@CH;FC>;>? >I >CMJIMCNCPI ] ?PCN;L KO? J?MMI;M I<LCA;>;M ; PCP?H=C;L MCNO
;\d?M >? J?LCAI ;I G?HIL MCH;F >? LCM=I M? @OLN?G ;I M?O =IG
JLIGCMMIp[620]
FCHB;H>I
M? Y N?ILC; >C@?L?H=C;>IL; JIL @CG I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN
;L J;L; L?=IHB?=?L ; ?R=FOM[I >; antijuridicidade ?RCA? KO? I bem sacrificado seja inferior ao bem protegido AL;H>? KO?MN[I ?MNX ?R;N;G?HN? ?G
;@?LCL ; AL;H>?T; >IM <?HM ?HPIFPC>IM )IHA? >? KO?L?L NILH;L ; KO?MN[I ?R
=FOMCP;G?HN? I<D?NCP; JI>?GIM N?HN;L =F;L?;L ?MM; >?@CHC\[I >? ;=IL>I =IG
; ;P;FC;\[I >? ;FAOHM =LCN]LCIM >IM KO;CM ?HN?H>?GIM =IGI G;CM CGJILN;HN?
; JIH>?L;\[I >IM <?HM DOL_>C=IM ?HPIFPC>IM PC>; ?G L?F;\[I ;I J;NLCGbHCI
JIL ?R?GJFI ?MN;H>I DOMNC@C=;>; ; MO<NL;\[I >? OG P?_=OFI J;L; M;FP;L ; PC>;
>? IONL?G OG =LCN]LCI KO;FCN;NCPI 1;G<]G ] JIMM_P?F =B?A;L ; OG; =IH
=FOM[I KO;H>I M? JIMMOC =IH@FCNI >? <?HM >? G?MG; ?MJ]=C? G;M ?G KO;H
NC>;>?M >C@?L?HN?M ; ?R?GJFI >; JL?M?LP;\[I >? PXLC;M PC>;M =IG I M;=LC@_=CI
>? OG; =LCN]LCI KO;HNCN;NCPI =IGI HI =;MI >I IG;H>;HN? KO? M;=LC@C=;
OG >?MN;=;G?HNI >? GCFCN;L?M KO? P;C Y @L?HN? >; NLIJ; J;L; M;FP;L I L?MN
;HN? >? M?O ?@?NCPI[621] m F?G<L;H>I

M? KO? HI =LCN]LCI >? PC>; JIL PC>;
PCMN;M MCHAOF;LG?HN? N?L_;GIM <?HM ?G =IH@FCNIM CAO;CM I KO? F?P;LC; Y ?R
=OFJ;\[I ? H[I Y DOMNC@C=;\[I >? =IH>ON; PCMNI KO? OG; PC>; H[I P;F? G;CM
KO? IONL; "G =?LNIM =;MIM ;CH>; KO? GOCNI ;LLCM=;>I ?G @;=? >; CH=IHMNZH
=C; ? >; CH@F;\[I J?H;F KO? =IG;H>; ; JIF_NC=; =LCGCH;F >IM >C;M ;NO;CM ;
J?H; =IGCH;>; JI>? CH>C=;L KO;F <?G DOL_>C=I ] JL?JIH>?L;HN? G;M >?P?
M?

N?L ?G G?HN? KO? ?MM? =LCN]LCI JI>? F?P;L ; ?KO_PI=IM ?G @;=? >? OG
>?M=IGJ;MMI ?HNL? ; AL;H>?T; >? P;FIL?M NL;TC>; J?F; F?C ? ;KO?F; P?LC@C=;>;
?G =IH=L?NI >? ;=IL>I =IG ; =IH=?J\[I MI=CI=OFNOL;F >I GIG?HNI >I >?
FCNI -I>? B;P?L ?G IONLIM N?LGIM OG >?M=IGJ;MMI ?HNL? I JLI=?MMI F?ACM
F;NCPI?IJLI=?MMIMI=C;F[622]
,M =;MIM ;=CG; >?M=LCNIM HIN?
M? M[I >IN;>IM >? =F;L?T; _GJ;L
H?G M?GJL? P?LC@C=;>; H; MCNO;\[I @XNC=; ?G ;HXFCM? I KO? F?P; Y =IH=FOM[I

>? KO? ; ;>I\[I >? OG =LCN]LCI KO;FCN;NCPI JOLI oJ;NLCGbHCI P;F? G?HIM KO?
; PC>;p IO KO;HNCN;NCPI JOLI o>O;M PC>;M P;F?G G;CM KO? OG;p =IHMNCNOC
M?
?G JL?GCMM; KO? JI>? M?L ;@;MN;>; HI =;MI =IH=L?NI >?P?H>I ?G P?L>;>? I
;JFC=;>IL >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L o=IGJ;L;L IM <?HM H[I Ma >C;HN? >; @LC; >CM
JIMC\[I F?A;F =IGI N;G<]G >? ;=IL>I =IG I N?GJI I FOA;L HILG;M >? =OF
NOL; GI>;FC>;>? >; =IH>ON; >I G?CI ;G<C?HN;F ?G KO? M? >?O I =IH
@FCNIp[623] J?H;M J;L; ?R?GJFC@C=;L OG =;MI ?G KO? I =LCN]LCI KO;FCN;NCPI
H[I M?LX N[I a<PCI NIG?

M? OG; MCNO;\[I ?R=?J=CIH;F ?G KO? <?HM G;N?LC;CM
JL?P;F?=?L[I MI<L? ; PC>; BOG;H; =IGI I =;MI >? OG; 2HC>;>? *CFCN;L KO?
?G =;GJ;HB; =IHMNCNOCLX H; MO; OHCP?LM;FC>;>? <?G G;CIL KO? ; PC>; >?
OG MIF>;>I IO G;LCHB?CLI[624] !?P?

M? ;CH>; N?L ?G G?HN? KO? J;L; I
o!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?G L;T[I >? MO; ?MJ?=C@C=C>;>? ; -XNLC; L?P?F;
M?
=IGI <?G MOJ?LCIL Y PC>; ? Y FC<?L>;>? I =OGJLCL MO; GCMM[I =IHMNCNO=CIH
;F m ; >?@?M; >; -XNLC; ? ; A;L;HNC; >IM JI>?L?M =IHMNCNO_>IM m I GCFCN;L L?
HOH=C; Y JLaJLC; PC>;p[625] , G?MGI M? P?LC@C=; HI MIJ?M;G?HNI ?HNL? I

M?LPC\I GCFCN;L >? JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=; JLI=?>C>I J?FIM GCFCN;L?M
?MN;>O;CM KO? ?G MCNO;\d?M ?R=?J=CIH;CM JI>?LX MI<L?JIL

M? Y PC>; ? Y
FC<?L>;>?
IGI >CMM?GIM ;M ?R=FO>?HN?M ?RCA?G =IH@ILG;\[I MO<D?NCP; >I
;A?HN? IO M?D; H[I <;MN; J;L; KO? M? L?=IHB?\; ; ?R=FOM[I KO? I ;A?HN? ?M
N?D; I<D?NCP;G?HN? ;ACH>I ?G OG; ?R=FO>?HN? G;M ] ?RCAC>; ;FAOG; =L?H\;

CHN?LH;H;I=ILL^H=C;>?MM;=CL=OHMNZH=C;
, ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? JILN;HNI ;F]G >? JL??H=B?L IM L?KOCMCNIM
DX ;JIHN;>IM >?P? J;L; M?L L?=IHB?=C>I ;JL?M?HN;L IM ?F?G?HNIM MO<D?N
CPIM NL;>OTC>IM J?FI =IHB?=CG?HNI >I ;ONIL >; MCNO;\[I DOMNC@C=;HN? J?LCAI

=?LNI ;NO;F CHPIFOHNXLCI ? CH?PCNXP?F JIL IONLI GI>I ? J?F; PIHN;>? L?;F >I
;A?HN? ?G JLIN?A?L I <?G DOL_>C=I ;G?;\;>I -IL ?R?GJFI CG;ACH?GIM OG
GCFCN;L KO? >?=C>; @OLN;L OG P?_=OFI HI CHN?LCIL >? OG KO;LN?F ?R?=ON;H>I
MO; ;\[I =IG I animus furandi ;JaM L?;FCT;L ; =IH>ON; N_JC=; DX N?H>I ;
JIMM? NL;HKOCF; >I P?_=OFI J?L=?<? KO? HI <;H=I NL;M?CLI BX OG; J?MMI;
@?LC>; =IG CHN?HM; B?GILL;AC; KO? =;L?=? >? =OC>;>IM G]>C=IM >?=C>CH>I I
@OLN;>IL ?HN[I >CLCACL
M? ; OG BIMJCN;F J;L; @IG?HN;L IM =OC>;>IM G]>C=IM
;I MOD?CNI @?LC>I I<D?NCP;G?HN? HI GIG?HNI ?G KO? MO<NL;CO I P?_=OFI DX
B;PC; ; MCNO;\[I @XNC=; ?G >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI IO M?D; ;FAO]G =IG LCM=I >?
GILN? KO? =;L?=?LC; >? =OC>;>IM G]>C=IM OLA?HN?M NI>;PC; CHN?LH;G?HN?
;I JL;NC=;L ?MM; ;\[I >? MO<NL;\[I I GCFCN;L H[I M;<C; >; ?RCMN^H=C; >I J?LCAI
;NO;F Y PC>; JILN;HNI MO<D?NCP;G?HN? H[I ?MN;P; ?G ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>?
I KO? ] =F;LI M?LX GOCNI JIO=I JLIPXP?F KO? M? >?GIHMNL? J?F;M JLIP;M HIM
;ONIM G;MP;F? I<PC;G?HN? =IGIOG<IG?R?GJFIN?aLC=I
"G MO; I<L; 'ILA? ]M;L >? MMCM ?HOG?L; MCHN?NC=;G?HN? ;FAOHM
L?KOCMCNIM J;L; I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? DOMNC@C=;HN?[626] IM KO;CM J;MM;GIM
;G?H=CIH;L=IG;M=IGJF?G?HN;\d?MKO?HIMJ;L?=?G;>?KO;>;M
; J?LCAI >? F?M[I ; OG <?G DOL_>C=I KO? I ;A?HN? H[I JLIPI=IO >I
FIM;G?HN?H?GJI>C;>?IONLIGI>I?PCN;L
< CH?PCN;<CFC>;>? >; F?M[I ;I <?G JLaJLCI IO >? IONL?G J?LCAI
=?LNI?;NO;FIOCGCH?HN?
==IH@FCNI?HNL?<?HMJLIN?AC>IMJ?F;IL>?GDOL_>C=;
> <;F;H=?;G?HNI >IM <?HM ? >?P?L?M ?G =IH@FCNI >?P?H>I

M? L?
=IHB?=?L ; DOMNC@C=;\[I >? =IH>ON; KO;H>I I <?G M;=LC@C=;>I @IL CH@?LCIL ;I

<?GJLIN?AC>IJ?F;;NO;\[I>I;A?HN?>I@;NIH?=?MMXLCI
? ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI >I ;A?HN? IO M?D; I M?O ;ACL PCM;H>I M;FP;L

<?G;G?;\;>I
@ CH?RCAC<CFC>;>? >? >?P?L >I ;A?HN? ?G ?H@L?HN;L I J?LCAI GCFCN
;L?M JIFC=C;CM ? <IG<?CLIM N^G I >?P?L >? ?H@L?HN;L I J?LCAI m dever jurdico
de agir m KO? >?P? M?L P?LC@C=;>I HI =;MI =IH=L?NI M? ?L; L?;FG?HN? ?RCA_P?F

I M;=LC@_=CI >? <?G DOL_>C=I >I ;A?HN? DX KO? I !CL?CNI H[I JI>? ?RCACL
L?HeH=C;YPC>;IO;;=?CN;\[I>?AL;P?MF?Md?MYM;e>?IO;I=ILJI
-IL >?LL;>?CLI >?P?GIM >?MN;=;L KO? I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? DOMNC
@C=;HN?JI>?M?L>?@?HMCPIIO;AL?MMCPI
Defensivo KO;H>I I ;NI ] >CLCAC>I =IHNL; ;KOCFI KO? ?MNX =;OM;H>I
I J?LCAI =IGI ONCFCT;L OG J?>;\I >? G;>?CL; J;L; >?@?H>?L

M? >I ;N;KO? >?
OG=;=BILLI
V agressivo JIL MO; P?T KO;H>I H[I >CLCAC>I =IHNL; ; =ICM; KO? ?M
NX I@?H>?H>I G;M MCG J;L; M;FP;AO;L>;L IONLI >CL?CNI " A ;JLIJLC;L

M? >?
=;LLI>?N?L=?CLIJ;L;MI=ILL?LJ;LNOLC?HN?
&GJILN;HN? L?MM;FN;L KO? HI ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? DOMNC@C=;HN? >?
@?HMCPI H[I B;P?LX >?P?L >? L?J;L;\[I >I >;HI =IH@ILG? JL?PCM[I >I CH=CMI
&&>I;LN==I;LN>I a>CAI CPCF in verbis
oLN+[I=IHMNCNO?G;NIMCF_=CNIM
& m IM JL;NC=;>IM ?G F?A_NCG; >?@?M; IO HI ?R?L=_=CI L?AOF;L >? OG

>CL?CNIL?=IHB?=C>I
&& m ; >?N?LCIL;\[I IO >?MNLOC\[I >; =ICM; ;FB?C; IO ; F?M[I ; J?MM
I; ;@CG>?L?GIP?LJ?LCAICGCH?HN?p
oLN 0? ; J?MMI; F?M;>; IO I >IHI >; =ICM; HI =;MI >I CH=CMI
&& >I ;LN H[I @IL?G =OFJ;>IM >I J?LCAI ;MMCMNCL
FB?M
X >CL?CNI Y CH>?HCT
;\[I>IJL?DO_TIKO?MI@L?L;Gp
Legtima defesa
, !CL?CNI <L;MCF?CLI DX =IHM;AL;P; ; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; HI a>CAI LCG
CH;F>I&GJ]LCI =ODI;LNJL?PC;N;FCHMNCNONI?RJL?MM;G?HN?
#OH>;
M? I CHMNCNONI ?G >ICM JLCH=_JCIM @OH>;G?HN;CM ; M;<?L I
princpio da proteo individual KO? DOMNC@C=; ;\d?M N_JC=;M H?=?MMXLC;M J;L;
>?@?M; >? <?HM DOL_>C=IM CH>CPC>O;CM =IHNL; ;AL?MMd?M ;HNCDOL_>C=;M ;NO;CM IO
CGCH?HN?M ? I princpio da afirmao do direito KO? DOMNC@C=; >?@?M;M

H?=?MMXLC;M J;L; JL?P?HCL IO L?J?FCL I CHDOMNI JL?M?LP;H>I ; IL>?G DOL_>C=;

G?MGI KO? B;D; G?CIM ;FN?LH;NCPIM >? JLIN?\[I DX KO? I >CL?CNI H[I JI>?
=?>?L ;I CHDOMNI ? I ;AL?>C>I H[I JL?=CM; @OACL >I ;AL?MMIL =IG ?R=?\[I >?
;AL?MMd?M H[I >IFIM;M >? F?Md?M CHMCAHC@C=;HN?M IO >? ;\d?M >? CH
=;J;T?M[627] JLIJaMCNI >?MN? eFNCGI @OH>;G?HNI HINaLC; ; >C@?L?H\; ?G

L?F;\[I ;I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? DX KO? H?F? M? N?G JIL L?KOCMCNI ; CH?PCN;<
CFC>;>? >? F?M[I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I JLIN?AC>I >?P?H>I I ;ONIL >I @;NI H?
=?MMXLCI P?LC@C=;L M? H[I BX IONL; @ILG; >? L?JOFM;L I J?LCAI ? >? ;NO;L CH
=FOMCP? ; @OA; ?HKO;HNI H; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; H[I M? KO?MNCIH; ?MM; MCNO;\[I

JICM =IGI>CNI I>CL?CNIH[IJI>?L?NLI=?>?LJ?L;HN?ICHDOMNI
3?D;GIM I KO? >CT I NCJI J?LGCMMCPI J;L; ?HN[I ;H;FCM;L M?OM
?F?G?HNIM
oLN "HN?H>?
M? ?G F?A_NCG; >?@?M; KO?G OM;H>I GI>?L;>;
G?HN? >IM G?CIM H?=?MMXLCIM L?J?F? CHDOMN; ;AL?MM[I ;NO;F IO CGCH?HN? ;

>CL?CNIM?OIO>?IONL?Gp
MCNO;\[I DOMNC@C=;HN? H; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; =IGI M? JI>? >?HIN;L
=;L;=N?LCT;
M? J?F; ?RCMN^H=C; >? ;AL?MM[I CHDOMN; ;NO;F IO CGCH?HN? ; OG
>CL?CNIJLaJLCIIO;FB?CI
Agresso L?MNLCHA?
M? ; ;\[I BOG;H; ;CH>; KO? >? CHCGJONXP?F CH
>CPC>O;F IO =IF?NCP; GOFNC>[I[628] >IN;>; >? PCIF^H=C; L?;F IO ;G?;\;
>CLCAC>; ; ;@?N;L <?G DOL_>C=I >I JLaJLCI ;AL?>C>I IO ;FB?CI J?LN?H=?HN? ;

J?MMI; @_MC=; IO DOL_>C=; !?MM; JL?GCMM; DX M? ?R=FO?G IM @;NIM >?M?H=;>?;
>IM JIL ;HCG;CM ? ;M =B;G;>;M H[I ;\d?M >? M?L?M BOG;HIM L?MOFN;HN?M >?
;N;KO?M ?JCF]NC=IM IO >? ?MN;>I >? CH=IHM=C^H=C; MIHI >?MG;CI ?N= 1;CM
@;NIM NI>;PC; JI>?G M?L L?J?FC>IM Y FOT >I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? DX
;H;FCM;>I
Injusta ] ; ;AL?MM[I ;HNCDOL_>C=; =IHNLXLC; ;I >CL?CNI H[I JLIPI
=;>; J?FI ;AL?>C>I -IL ?MM; =IHMNLO\[I JILN;HNI H[I JI>? I=ILL?L F?A_NCG;
>?@?M; >? OG; ;AL?MM[I ILCOH>; >? F?A_NCG; >?@?M; IO >? ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>
;>? DOMNC@C=;HN? JI>?H>I JIL]G ?G @;=? >? OG; ;AL?MM[I ;GJ;L;>; J?FI

?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?R=OFJ;HN? -;L; NILH;L =F;L; ; ;@CLG;\[I N?GIM IM

M?AOCHN?M?R?GJFIM
CG;ACH?GIM OG GCFCN;L A KO? HI CHN?LCIL >I KO;LN?F >?=C>; MO<
NL;CL OG P?_=OFI J;L; MI=ILL?L OG; J?MMI; KO? ?MNX ?G LCM=I >? GILN? ;I
=IFI=;L ?G G;L=B; M?O JF;HI ] MOLJL??H>C>I J?FI JLIJLC?NXLCI >I P?_=OFI
GCFCN;L B KO? ;FB?CI ;I @;NI >; JL?MN;\[I >? MI=ILLI >X OG MI=I HI GCFCN;L
A I GCFCN;L A ?MN;P; ?G ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ? B JILN;HNI ;I CGJ?>CL ;

;AL?MM[I ;I M?O J;NLCGbHCI >? @ILG; JLIJIL=CIH;F L?JOFMIO OG; =IH>ON;
DOMN; ? H[I CHDOMN; H[I JI>?H>I ?MN;L ;GJ;L;>I J?F; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; ? MCG
J?FI ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? >?P?
M? F?G<L;L KO? ?G<IL; H[I ?R;N; BIOP?
=IH@ILG;\[I MO<D?NCP; >; =;OM; DOMNC@C=;HN? JIL B DX KO? =IHB?=C; I J?LCAI
;I <?G DOL_>C=I ? I KO?LC; L?J?FCL I KO? F?P;LC; ;I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >I ?M
N;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? o?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?G @;=? >? =IH>ON; DOMNC@C=;>;
N;G<]GJIL?MN;>I>?H?=?MMC>;>?p
HI !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG ;>IN;H>I
M? ; N?ILC; OHCNXLC; >I ?MN;>I
>? H?=?MMC>;>? M?GJL? B;P?LX KO;H>I L?=IHB?=C>; ; ?R=FO>?HN? ; DOMNC
@C=;\[I >? =IH>ON; I KO? ; NILH; F_=CN; ;MMCG M? >ICM HXO@L;AIM A ? B

FON;G J?F; NX<O; >; M;FP;\[I KO? >;LX MOMN?HN;\[I ; ;J?H;M OG >?F?M ? A
?GJOLL; B J;L; FIHA? >; NX<O; I KO;F JIL MO; P?T ;NCHA? ; =;<?\; >? A =IG
I<D?NI =IHNOH>?HN? J;L; @C=;L =IG ; NX<O; PCH>I A ; @;F?=?L >CL?GIM KO? A
;I ?GJOLL;L B J;L; ; GILN? ?MN;P; ?G ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? JILN;HNI ?G
;\[I DOMNC@C=;>; J?F; ?R=FO>?HN? I KO? F?P; ; L?;\[I >? B m ;AL?MM[I JIL I<
D?NI =IHNOH>?HN? ; A m ; OG; L?JOFM; Y ;AL?MM[I DOMN; ? H[I CHDOMN; >? A

H[I M? ?HKO;>L;H>I JICM H; >?@CHC\[I >? F?A_NCG; >?@?M; ? MCG >? ?MN;>I >?
H?=?MMC>;>? ;MMCG N?L_;GIM ; =IH>ON; >? B DOMNC@C=;>; J?FI ?MN;>I >? H?
=?MMC>;>? ? H[I J?F; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; o?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?G @;=? >? =IH
>ON; DOMNC@C=;>; N;G<]G JIL ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>?p , G?MGI ?R?GJFI NI
>;PC; HI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L N?LC; IONL; =IH@ILG;\[I I a>CAI -?H;F

;MNL?HM? ;>INIO ; N?ILC; >C@?L?H=C;>IL; >? MILN? KO? I =IH@FCNI ?HNL? <?HM
CAO;CM H[I ;ONILCT; ; DOMNC@C=;\[I >? =IH>ON; ? MCG ; MO; ?R=OFJ;\[I ;MMCG
M? IM HXO@L;AIM @IMM?G GCFCN;L?M >; ;NCP; A ;I ?GJOLL;L B H[I ?MN;LC; ?G
?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? DOMNC@C=;HN? G;M ?R=OFJ;HN? M?H>I MO; =IH>ON;

CHDOMN; IO M?D; M?LX @;NI N_JC=I ? ;HNCDOL_>C=I G;M H[I =OFJXP?F J?FI ?MN;>I
>? H?=?MMC>;>? ?R=OFJ;HN? B ;I L?;ACL Y =IH>ON; >? A JILN;HNI ?MN;LX H;
JLXNC=; >? OG; L?JOFM; ; OG; ;AL?MM[I CHDOMN; >? A ?G F?A_NCG; >?@?M;
>?MM;LN?
Atual ] ; ;AL?MM[I ?G L?;FCT;\[I ?HKO;HNI iminente ] ; ;AL?MM[I
JL?MN?M ; M?L >?M?H=;>?;>; +IN?

M? KO? I NCJI ;AL?A; CH>CMNCHN;G?HN? N;HNI
OG; =IGI IONL; IO M?D; M?LX =IH@ILG? ;I >CL?CNI ; ;\[I KO? <OMKO? L?J?FCL
N;HNI ; ;AL?MM[I ?G L?;FCT;\[I KO;HNI ; ;AL?MM[I H; CGCH^H=C; >? M?L J?LJ?N
L;>; >?M>? KO? M?D;G CHDOMN;M -;L; >?@CHCL I GIG?HNI ?G KO? ; ;AL?MM[I ]
CGCH?HN? ?HN?H>?GIM =ILL?N; ; ;@?LC\[I >? OG; @;M? CHN?LG?>CXLC; ?HNL? I
GIG?HNI @CH;F >; JL?J;L;\[I >; ;AL?MM[I ? I CH_=CI >; N?HN;NCP; >? GI>I
KO? ; L?@ON; Y ;AL?MM[I M?D; ?@C=;T M?G LCM=I ;I <?G DOL_>C=I[629] ;MI ;
L?JOFM; M?D; ; OG; ;AL?MM[I @CH>; oH[I M? ;JL?M?HN;LX =IGI >?@?M; F?A_NCG;
JIL DX M? N?L ?@?NCP;>; ; F?M[I ? JLI>OTC>I OG L?MOFN;>I H?MM; =CL=OHMNZH=C;
H[I ?RCMN? OG; ;AL?MM[I ;NO;F ? MCG OG; PCHA;H\; JICM H[I BIOP? >?@?M; >I
CHDOMNIp[630] -I>?LX I=ILL?L ?HNL?N;HNI ; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; MO=?MMCP; =IGI
M? >X KO;H>I ;FAO]G M? >?@?H>? >I ?R=?MMI >? F?A_NCG; >?@?M; ;HN?LCIL ; ?R
?GJFI >I F;>L[I KO? DX H?ONL;FCT;>I L?;A? Y MO; ?R?=O\[I JL?MN?M ; I=ILL?L
JIL ;KO?F? KO? I >?N?P? 1;G<]G H[I B;P?LX F?A_NCG; >?@?M; ?G @;=? >?
;AL?MM[I @ONOL; M? H[I @IL ;I G?HIM CGCH?HN? H[I HIM ;JL;T?H>I ; PCM[I >?
KO? IM I@?H>_=OFIM M[I F?A_NCG; >?@?M; JL?IL>?H;>; ,@?H>_=OFIM P;F? F?G
<L;L M[I ;J;L;NIM PCM_P?CM >?MNCH;>IM Y >?@?M; A?L;FG?HN? >; JLIJLC?>;>?

?R =?L=; ?F?NLC@C=;>; F;H\; HI JILN[I >; =;M; =;=I >? PC>LI HI GOLI ;HC
G;CM ?N= !C@?L?G >;M >?@?M;M G?=ZHC=;M JL?>CMJIMN;M KO? M[I I=OFN;M
=;L?=?H>I >? ;F?LN; ;PCMI ;F\;J[I @IMMI ?N= "RCMN?G IM KO? ?HN?H>?G
M?L?G IM I@?H>_=OFIM ? ;M >?@?M;M G?=ZHC=;M JL?>CMJIMN;M OG; F?A_NCG; >?
@?M; JL?IL>?H;>; J;L?=?H>I

HIM G;CM =ILL?NI ?HNL?N;HNI MOMN?HN;L KO? ;
ONCFCT;\[I >?MM;M >?@?M;M ] ;GJ;L;>; >?M>? KO? I<M?LP;>; ; JLIJIL=CIH;FC>
;>? J?FI ?R?L=_=CI L?AOF;L >? OG >CL?CNI +[I G;CM M? ;>GCN? ?G ;>C\[I ;
JL?MOH\[I >? F?A_NCG; >?@?M; =IGI I=ILLC; HI !CL?CNI /IG;HI ?G KO? ;
HICN? ;ONILCT;P; ; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; JL?MOGC>; ?G @;PIL o>;KO?F? KO? G;N;MM?
OG F;>L[I KO;H>I MOLJL??H>C>I @OLN;H>I J?FI DOMNI L?=?CI >? M?O
;N;KO?p[631]

, >CL?CNI JLIN?AC>I JI>? M?L >I JLaJLCI ;AL?>C>I IO >? N?L=?CLI

P;F?H>I L?MM;FN;L KO? NI>IM IM <?HM DOL_>C=IM individuais M[I J;MM_P?CM >?
JLIN?\[I J?F; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; =IGI ; PC>; I J;NLCGbHCI ; BIHL; ?N= , KO?
FCGCN; ?MM; ;NO;\[I JILN;HNI H[I ] I <?G ?HPIFPC>I G;M MCG ; JLIJIL=CIH
;FC>;>? AL;@;>; J?F; GI>?L;\[I >IM G?CIM ?GJL?A;>IM ?HNL? I <?G KO? M?
JLIN?A? >; ;AL?MM[I ? I ;@?N;>I J?F; ;\[I >? L?JOFM; Y ;AL?MM[I JLIJIL
=CIH;FC>;>? HI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L HI ?HN;HNI N;G<]G >?P? M?L ;@?LC>; HI
=;MI =IH=L?NI PCMNI KO? o; PC>; >? =;M?LH; CGJd? ;I GCFCN;L =IH>ON;M KO?
OFNL;J;MM?G I FCGCN? >; GI>?L;\[I ? JLIJIL\[I ? G?MGI ;MMCG JL?M?HN?
?MNX ; F?A_NCG; >?@?M;p[632] IGI ?R?GJFI >; ;JFC=;\[I >?MM; =IH=?J\[I
NIG?GIM I =bHDOA? NL;_>I JIL MO; ?MJIM; CG;ACH;H>I KO? ;G<IM M?D;G GCF
CN;L?M >; ;NCP; ? L?MC>;G ?G PCF; GCFCN;L HI CHN?LCIL >I KO;LN?F J;L; NL;T?L I
JLI<F?G; J;L; I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L I =bHDOA? NL;_>I M?LX PCMNI =IGI I
G;=OF;>I ;KO?F? KO? N?P? ; MO; L?JON;\[I G;H=B;>; ? M? H;>; @CT?L HI ?R
;NI GIG?HNI ?G KO? I=ILL? ; NL;C\[I M?LX LINOF;>I =IGI ;FAO]G oM?G
M;HAO? H;M P?C;Mp OG o@LIORIp M?H>I ;>GCMM_P?F JILN;HNI KO? ?G >?@?M;
>? MO; BIHL; I<D?NCP; ? J;L; JL?M?LP;L IM F;\IM @;GCFC;L?M OM? >? GI>?L;>;
@IL\; J;L; G;HN?L ? L?MN;OL;L ; BCAC>?T >? MO; CG;A?G JI>?H>I JIL ?R?G
JFI ?RJOFM;L I ;G;HN? >; ?MJIM; J;L; @IL; >? =;M; =IG ?GJL?AI >? @IL\;
@_MC=; M?G KO? L?MJIH>; JIL ;GJ;LI >; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; JIL F?Md?M =ILJI
L;CM G;M H[I M? >?P? BX >? M? @CLG;L NIF?L;L I BIGC=_>CI J;L; ?MM; >?
@?M;[633]
L?MNLC\[I Y F?A_NCG; >?@?M; J?F; GI>?L;\[I >IM G?CIM ?GJL?A;>IM
L?>OH>;H>I ?G JLIJIL=CIH;F L?;\[I >?P?

M? ;F?LN;L H[I ?H=IHNL; L?MJ;F>I
OHZHCG? ] JIMM_P?F ?H=IHNL;L ;KO?F?M KO? >?@?H>?G ?MM; ?R=FO>?HN? M?G
FCGCN?M >? GI>?L;\[I LCNC=;H>I ; >IONLCH; L?CH;HN? >? MO; ]JI=; JIL ?R
?GJFI &B?LCHA ?HR?LA;P; H; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; ; ?RJL?MM[I >; FON; H?=?MMXLC;

J;L; ; =IHKOCMN; >IM >CL?CNIM JILN;HNI OG; L?;\[I KO? H[I M? JI>?LC; FCGCN
;L N[I @;=CFG?HN? =IHMCMNCH>I ?G OG >?P?L >I CH>CP_>OI H[I Ma J;L; =IH
MCAI G;M N;G<]G J;L; =IG ; =IF?NCPC>;>? KO? N?LC; I >CL?CNI <?G IO P;FIL
>?@?H>C>I L?MM;FN;>I ? CH=ILJIL;>I ;I M?O !CL?CNI 3?D;GIM MO=CHN;G?HN?
M?O L;=CI=_HCI KO? =IG?\; J?F; ?RJIMC\[I >; PCM[I >IGCH;HN? H; ]JI=; J;L;
>?JICM=LCNC=X
F;

oI BIG?G ?MNL;HBI ;I >CL?CNI =OMN;LX ;=L?>CN;L KO? ?MN; @;FB; J;L
=C;F >I >CL?CNI KO? ;NLC<O_GIM Y @;FM; >IONLCH; >IM N?aLC=IM >I >CL?CNI =CPCF ?
>I JLI=?MMI @IMM? ;CH>; MOM=?N_P?F >? OG; ;AL;P;\[I ? HI ?HN;HNI ] ;CH>;
?R=?>C>; JIL OG; ;<?LL;\[I >? =?LNIM =LCGCH;FCMN;M ;HNCAIM KO? JI>?
>?MCAH;L
M? @L;H=;G?HN? =IGI OG ;N?HN;>I =IHNL; ; C>?C; >I >CL?CNI ? =IGI
; G;CM ;@LIHNIM; I@?HM; =IHNL; I M?HNCG?HNI DOL_>C=I KO? D;G;CM ; =C^H=C;
=IG?N?O
.O?LI @;F;L >; CH>CAH; L?MNLC\[I >I >CL?CNI >? F?A_NCG; >?@?M; >?MN?
>CL?CNI JLCGIL>C;F >I BIG?G KO? =IGI >CT _=?LI ] OG; F?C >; JLaJLC;
H;NOL?T; CH;N; ;I BIG?G ? ; L?MJ?CNI >; KO;F IM DOLCMN;M LIG;HIM NCHB;G ;
CHA?HOC>;>? >? =L?L KO? >CL?CNI ;FAOG HI GOH>I JI>?LC; >?M=IHB?=^
F;
Vim vi repellere omnes leges omnia que jura permittunt

-;L; IM I<D?NIM G?HIM JL?=CIMIM J?FI =IHNLXLCI JIL ?R OG L?FaACI

>? IOLI IO OG; <IFM; =IG ;FAOHM @L;H=IM I BIG?G ;G?;\;>I H[I JI>?
I@?H>?L=ILJIL;FG?HN?I;>P?LMXLCI
.O? ] =IG ?@?CNI OG L?FaACI ?G =IGJ;L;\[I >; PC>; ? >IM G?G
<LIM CHN;=NIM 2G ] OG B;P?L J?L@?CN;G?HN? L?J;LXP?F I IONLI ] ;<MIFON;
G?HN? CLL?J;LXP?F V OG; P?L>;>? CH=IHN?MNXP?F m G;M ?MKO?=?

M? MIG?HN?
OG; J?KO?H; =ICM; ] ?G JLCG?CLI FOA;L KO? I L?FaACI J?LN?H=? Y vtima ? IM
G?G<LIM ;I bandido 0?G >ePC>; N^G ?F?M J;L; ?MN? OG ?HILG? P;FIL G;M
H?HBOGN?GJ;L;;MO;P_NCG;
"MKO?=?
M? ?G M?AOH>I FOA;L KO;HNI Y L?J;L;<CFC>;>? CHN?CL;
G?HN?CH=IHN?MNXP?F>IL?FaACI >?>CT?LKO?GIMO<MNCNOCLX
0?LXIDOCTJILG?CI>?OG;=IH>?H;\[I
"CMIKO?L?MOFN;>;=?AO?CL;>IMMX<CIM
.O? JLI@OH>; =IH@OM[I H[I >?P?GIM ?RJ?LCG?HN;L P?H>I KO? ?MN;
C>?C; N[I MCGJF?M N[I DOMN; N[I =IH@ILG? ;I P?L>;>?CLI M?HNCG?HNI >I
>CL?CNI I KO;F P^ ?G KO;FKO?L ;N;KO? ;CH>; KO? H[I M? NL;N? >? OG L?FaACI

OG; I@?HM; ; NI>I I >CL?CNI >; J?MMI; ? Y JLaJLC; J?LMIH;FC>;>? JO>?MM? M?L
?MKO?=C>; J?F; =C^H=C; ;N] ;I JIHNI >? ?R;FN;L I ;<;H>IHI >I >CL?CNI ; @OA;
=I<;L>??G@L?HN?>;CHDOMNC\; Y;FNOL;>?OG>?P?LDOL_>C=Ip[634]
IG ?@?CNI ;MMCMN? L;T[I ;I ;ONIL ?G L?MM;FN;L KO? ; F?A_NCG; >?@?M;

] OG >CL?CNI CH;NI ;I BIG?G G;M J;L?=? ?R;A?L;>; MO; PCM[I >? H[I JIMMC<
CFC>;>? >? FCGCN;\[I ; ?MM? >CL?CNI MI< J?H; >? NL;HM@ILG;LGIM I CHMNCNONI
?G OG; o=;LN; <L;H=;p J;L; ; JLXNC=; PCIF?HN; M?G FCGCN;\d?M L;=CIH;CM

>IONLCH; >IGCH;HN? H; ;NO;FC>;>? m ? ] JL?=CMI F?G<L;L KO? I N?RNI >? &B?L
CHA L?GIHN; ;I M]=OFI 5&5 G;CM JL?=CM;G?HN? ?M=LCNI =IG <;M? ?G OG;
=IH@?L^H=C; JLI@?LC>; J?FI ;ONIL H; 0I=C?>;>? 'OL_>C=; >? 3C?H; HI ;HI
m PCH=OF;
M? Y C>?C; >? H?=?MMXLC; JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? H[I ;>GCNCH>I ;
L?;\[I ; KO;FKO?L JL?\I FCXM J;L; L?@ON;L ; C>?C; >I @?MN?D;>I ;ONIL <;MN;
?G OG; PCM[I >IAGXNC=; F?G<L;L KO? I JLaJLCI =IH=?CNI F?A;F >? F?A_NCG;
>?@?M; HI ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ?RCA? ; ONCFCT;\[I >IM G?CIM H?
=?MMXLCIM >? @ILG; GI>?L;>; =IH@?LCH>I ;>?G;CM ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? L?
MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J?FI ?R=?MMI =OFJIMI ;LN >I -* ? >IFIMI ;LN >I
-* =IGIP?L?GIM;>C;HN?
3IFN;H>I Y >CM=OMM[I >? KO;CM <?HM DOL_>C=IM JI>?G M?L I<D?NI >;
F?A_NCG; >?@?M; ; >IONLCH; >CPC>?
M? ?G L?F;\[I Y JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? F?A_NCG;
>?@?M; >IM <?HM DOL_>C=IM MI=C;CM =IGI IM J?LN?H=?HN?M Y =IGOHC>;>? IL
>?G Je<FC=; J;T MI=C;F L?AOF;LC>;>? >I NLX@?AI >? P?_=OFIM ?N= ?
G;DILCN;LC;G?HN? ?HN?H>?
IM CHMOM=?N_P?CM >? F?A_NCG; >?@?M; JILKO? ; ;\[I
PCIF?HN; >I J;LNC=OF;L JLI>OTCLC; G;CIL >;HI KO? ONCFC>;>? L?F;NCP;G?HN?
;IM <?HM DOL_>C=IM >I "MN;>I J;NLCGbHCI Je<FC=I ; ?R?GJFI >; >?MNLOC\[I
>? =;<CH?M N?F?@bHC=;M >;HIM ?G NL?HM ?G GIHOG?HNIM ?N= ;>GCN?
M?
F?A_NCG; >?@?M; >I J;LNC=OF;L H[I >I "MN;>I JILKO? ;MMCG M? MOMN?HN; CH
;>?KO;>I ] NL;HM@ILG;L I =C>;>[I ?G =IG<;N?HN? >IM CHCGCAIM >I "MN;>I
NL;C>IL?M ?MJCd?M ?N=[635] !?MM; @ILG; M? OG =C>;>[I >?=C>? OHCL

M? YM
#IL\;M LG;>;M H[I >? @ILG; ?HA;D;>; L?AOF;LG?HN? G;M JIL =IHN; JLa
JLC; ?MN;LX ?G F?A_NCG; >?@?M; ;I L?J?FCL ; ;AL?MM[I >? J;_M ?M
NL;HA?CLI[636] ;I J;MMI KO? I MIF>;>I L?AOF;LG?HN? ?HA;D;>I ;I JL;NC=;L

I G?MGI ;NI H[I ?MN;LX ?G F?A_NCG; >?@?M; G;M ?G ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I
>?P?LF?A;F
!?P?
M? ;CH>; =IHMC>?L;L KO? ; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; ?MNX =IH>C=CIH;>; ;
FCGCN;\d?M ]NC=I
MI=C;CM F?P;H>I ; =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ?G KO? ; >?@?M; M?LX H?
=?MMXLC; JIL]G H[I J?LGCNC>; "MM;M FCGCN;\d?M JI>?G ?MN;L L?F;=CIH;>;M ;I

;ONIL >; ;AL?MM[I ;AL?MMd?M JIL =LC;H\;M ;I =IGJILN;G?HNI >I ;AL?>C>I
;AL?MM[I JLIPI=;>; J?FI MOJIMNI ;ONIL >; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; =IG I CHNOCNI >?
H; L?JOFM; L?PC>;L Y H;NOL?T; >; ;AL?MM[I ;AL?MMd?M CHMCAHC@C=;HN?M I KO?
?RCA? I =IH=?CNI >? JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? >IM G?CIM ? YM L?F;\d?M >? A;L;HNC;
?HNL? ;AL?MMIL ? ;AL?>C>I IM J;CM ?G L?F;\[I ;IM @CFBIM J ?R +[I KO?
H?MM?M =;MIM H[I M?D; JIMM_P?F ; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; G;M B;P?LX L?>O\[I =IH
MC>?LXP?F>?JIMMC<CFC>;>?M>?L?JOFM;[637]
JLIJaMCNI >;M L?F;\d?M >? A;L;HNC; ?HNL? ;AL?MMIL ? ;AL?>C>I CG
JILN;HN? OG; <L?P? J;F;PL; ;=?L=; >;M L?F;\d?M ?HNL? MOJ?LCIL ? MO<IL>CH;>I
? PC=?
P?LM; F;L;G?HN? ] JIMM_P?F ; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; >I MO<IL>CH;>I ?G @;=?
>? @;NI JL;NC=;>I JIL MOJ?LCIL G;M HIM =LCG?M ?G KO? ?MM; L?F;\[I m MOJ?LC
ILMO<IL>CH;>I m ] ?F?G?HNI N_JC=I JIMNOF;

M? KO? ; L?JOFM; Y ;AL?MM[I =IH
MNCNOC ?R=FO>?HN? >? NCJC=C>;>? ? H[I >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? MMCG JIL ?R?G
JFI ; FC\[I >? 1?FG; HA]FC=; #CAO?CL?>I I o?R;G? >; L?JOFM; Y CHDOMN;
;AL?MM[I HI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L <L;MCF?CLI CH>OT ; OG =;LXN?L >C@?L?H
=C;>IL ;I ?R=FOCL I ?F?G?HNI =IHMNCNONCPI >I =LCG? KO;H>I ;>PCH>I >? OG;
KO;FC>;>? @OH=CIH;F >I GCFCN;L CH@?LCIL N;F L?JOFM; CH=FOMCP? ;NCHA? ; NCJC=C>
;>? >I >?FCNIp[638] IG ?@?CNI I CH=CMI && >I ;LN >I -* ;I >CMJIL KO?
; KO;FC>;>? >? MOJ?LCIL ; >? CH@?LCIL ; >? I@C=C;F >? >C; ?N= >?CR;G >? M?L
?F?G?HNIM =IHMNCNONCPIM >I =LCG? KO;H>I ; ;\[I ] JL;NC=;>; ?G L?JOFM; Y
;AL?MM[I CHN?L@?L? H; JLaJLC; NCJC=C>;>? H[I =B?A;H>I ; ;HXFCM? Y ;HNCDOLC>C
=C>;>? IGI ?R?GJFI M? OG GCFCN;L MO<IL>CH;>I ?G @ILG; L?MJIH>? >?M
L?MJ?CNIM;G?HN? ; OG MOJ?LCIL KO? I I@?H>?O >? G;H?CL; >?MG?>C>; H[I

?MN;LX ?G F?A_NCG; >?@?M; G;M MCG ?G JLXNC=; >? @;NI ;N_JC=I H[I M? ?HKO;>
L;H>I HI >?ML?MJ?CNI ; MOJ?LCIL ;LN >I -* >C;HN? >; JL?PCM[I >I ;LN
?GM?OCH=CMI&&

1;G<]G M? ?RCA? H; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; OG; =IH@ILG;\[I MO<D?NCP;

NL;>OTC>; J?FI =IHB?=CG?HNI >; =CL=OHMNZH=C; DOMNC@C=;HN? ? J?F; PIHN;>? >?
>?@?M; KO? M? =IH@CAOL; H; ?H?LAC; JM_KOC=; KO? GI<CFCT; ; ;\[I >? >?@?M; ,
;A?HN?>?P?;NO;LCGJOFMCIH;>IJ?FI animus defendendi
, DO_TI >;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ; M?L?G P?LC@C=;>;M ; ?R?GJFI >I KO?
I=ILL? HI ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? N;G<]G >?P? M?L @?CNI J?F; =IFI=;\[I ex
ante BCJIN]NC=; >? OG I<M?LP;>IL CHN?FCA?HN? >I =_L=OFI MI=C;F >I ;A?HN? ?
>IN;>I>I=IHB?=CG?HNI@XNC=IKO?;JL?M?HN;P;I;A?HN?
2G JIHNI =LO=C;F J;L; ; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; >CT L?MJ?CNI ;I ;F=;H=? >;

DOMNC@C=;\[I ?G L?F;\[I ;IM <?HM ;@?N;>IM "HMCH; CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM KO? N;F
DOMNC@C=;\[I ;F=;H\; N[I MIG?HN? oIM <?HM DOL_>C=IM >I ;AL?MMIL JILKO? I
JLCH=_JCI >; JLIN?\[I CH>CPC>O;F M? <;M?C; H; =ILL?F;\[I ;AL?MM[I>?@?M; ? I
JLCH=_JCI >; ;@CLG;\[I >I >CL?CNI M? L?;FCT; MI<L? I ;AL?MMIL H[I MI<L? I N?L
=?CLI ?MNL;HBI Y ;AL?MM[Ip[639] +?MM; =IH@ILGC>;>? I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L KO?

;I L?J?FCL OG; ;AL?MM[I =IHNL; N?L=?CLI ;NCHD; IONL; J?MMI; KO? H[I I
;AL?MMIL H[I N?LX ; DOMNC@C=;\[I >?MM; =IH>ON; *OCNI ;>?KO;>; ?MM; =IH
MNLO\[I PCMNI KO? ?MN;LX I ;A?HN? ?G ?R=?MMI H; ?R?=O\[I >; =;OM; DOMNC@C=
;HN? =IGI P?L?GIM ;>C;HN? ?G OG; =IHDOA;\[I >IM ;LNM ? >I

-*
Estrito cumprimento do dever legal
,M ;A?HN?M Je<FC=IM HI >?M?GJ?HBI >? MO;M ;NCPC>;>?M H[I L;L;M
P?T?M >?P?G ;ACL CHN?L@?LCH>I H; ?M@?L; JLCP;>; >IM =C>;>[IM ?R;N;G?HN?
J;L; ;MM?AOL;L I =OGJLCG?HNI >; F?C ?G M?HNC>I F;NI "MM; CHN?LP?H\[I L?
>OH>; ?G ;AL?MM[I ; <?HM DOL_>C=IM =IGI ; FC<?L>;>? >? FI=IGI\[I ; CHN?A
LC>;>?@_MC=;?;N]G?MGI;JLaJLC;PC>;
!?HNLI >? FCGCN?M ;=?CNXP?CM N;F CHN?LP?H\[I ] DOMNC@C=;>; J?FI ?M
NLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F H[I M? =IHMO<MN;H=C;H>I JILN;HNI ?G

=LCG? MMCG I ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F =IH=?CNO;
M? =IGI ;
o;\[I JL;NC=;>; ?G =OGJLCG?HNI ; OG >?P?L CGJIMNI JIL F?C J?H;F IO ?R
NL;J?H;F G?MGIKO?=;OM?F?M[I;<?GDOL_>C=I>?N?L=?CLIp[640]

V JL?=CMI KO? M? =IHMCAH? H?MM? JIHNI KO? ; H;NOL?T; DOL_>C=; >I

?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F =IGI =;OM; >? DOMNC@C=;\[I H[I ] J;=_@C=;
PCMNI KO? J;LN? >; >IONLCH; I =IHMC>?L; =IGI =;OM; ; ?R=FOCL ; JLaJLC; NCJC
=C>;>? "HMCH;G 7;@@;LIHC ? -C?L;HA?FC KO? ?G<IL; OG <IG HeG?LI >?

;ONIL?M =IHMC>?L? NL;N;L
M? >? =;OM; >? DOMNC@C=;\[I H[I I ] oJILKO? ;M =;O
M;M >? DOMNC@C=;\[I M[I A?L;>;M ; J;LNCL >? OG JL?=?CNI J?LGCMMCPI ?HKO;HNI
HI =OGJLCG?HNI >? OG >?P?L DOL_>C=I BX MIG?HN? OG; HILG; JL?=?JNCP;
OG; IL>?Gp[641] "G MOG; JILN;HNI IM ;ONIL?M JIH>?L;G KO? H; F?A_
NCG;>?@?M;?HI?MN;>I>?H?=?MMC>;>?I>CL?CNI@;=OFN;;;\[I>?JLIN?\[I;I
<?G DOL_>C=I N?H>I I ;A?HN? ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ;MMCG H[I ;ACL -IL ?MM;
L;T[I M? IJN;L J?F; ;\[I N?LX MO; =IH>ON; DOMNC@C=;>; +I =;MI >I
=OGJLCG?HNI >? OG >?P?L I ;A?HN? H[I N?G IONL; IJ\[I M?H[I ;ACL DX KO? I
>CL?CNI;MMCGCGJd? MI<J?H;>?L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I
"G KO? J?M?G ;M =IHMC>?L;\d?M >? 7;@@;LIHC ? -C?L;HA?FC ?HN?H
>?GIM =IGI ; G;CIL J;LN? >; >IONLCH; KO? I ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L
F?A;F ] DOMNC@C=;HN? >; =IH>ON; JILKO;HNI C>?HNC@C=;GIM TIH;M >?MM? >?P?L
?G KO? I =OHBI >CM=LC=CIHXLCI JI>? @;=OFN;L ; ;\[I CM?HN;H>I I ;A?HN? >? L?
MJIHM;<CFC>;>? V I =;MI N_JC=I >I ?R?L=_=CI >I JI>?L >? JIF_=C; KO? N?G ;
>CM=LC=CIH;LC?>;>?=IGIOG>?M?OM;NLC<ONIM
3IFN;H>I Y ?RJF;H;\[I >I ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F =IGI
causa de justificao M?O L?=IHB?=CG?HNI @C=; =IH>C=CIH;>I Y ?RCMN^H=C; >?
=IGJ?N^H=C; N?LLCNILC;F ? G;N?LC;F J;L; ; ;\[I Y @ILG; JL?M=LCN; ?G F?C ? Y
I<M?LPZH=C; >; H?=?MMC>;>? ? >; JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? !?MM? GI>I I JIFC=C;F
GCFCN;L KO? =?L=?C; FC<?L>;>? >? FI=IGI\[I J;L; ?@?NO;L ; <OM=; J?MMI;F ?M
N;LX M? BIOP?L ; @OH>;>; MOMJ?CN; ? JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? HIM G?CIM >? ;\[I

?G ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F JILKO;HNI N;F ;NCPC>;>? ?MNX H; ?M
@?L; >? MO; =IGJ?N^H=C; H?MM? =;MI G?FBIL M?LC; =IHMCAH;L ;NLC<OC\[I
OG; P?T KO? ; HIMM; Grundnorm ;NLC<OC YM -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M ; GCMM[I >? ?R
?=ON;L ; JIF_=C; IMN?HMCP; ? ; JL?M?LP;\[I >; IL>?G Je<FC=; ;LN

<OM=; J?MMI;F ?G @;=? >; @OH>;>; MOMJ?CN; CH>?J?H>?LX >? G;H>;>I DO>C
=C;F =IH@ILG? =IHMCAH;G IM >CJFIG;M JLI=?MMO;CM J?H;CM =IGOG ? GCFCN;L

"MN;LX CAO;FG?HN? ?G ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F I MIF>;>I >I

"R]L=CNI L;MCF?CLI KO? ;ALC>? ; NCLIM I CHCGCAI CHP;MIL =;OM;H>I

FB? ;
GILN? ,ONLI <IG ?R?GJFI ?G<IL; ;@?NI N;G<]G Y ;JFC=;\[I >I !CL?CNI
-?H;F =IGOG ?MNX HI @;NI >? I IG;H>;HN? >? 2HC>;>? "M=IF; J?LGCNCL KO?
GCFCN;L CH=ILJIL;>I G?HIL >? ;HIM N?HB; ;=?MMI ; ;LG; >? @IAI J;L; NL?
CH;G?HNI I KO? H; PCM[I ?KOCPI=;>; >? ;FAOHM =IH@CAOL;LC; JLXNC=; =LCG
CHIM; =LCG? =IGOG HIM N?LGIM >I CH=CMI 3 >I ;LN >; )?C H >?

m o"MN;NONI >I !?M;LG;G?HNIp ?MN;H>I I IG;H>;HN? ?G
=OGJLCG?HNI >? M?O GCMN?L >? G;HN?L ; NLIJ; MI< M?O =IG;H>I ?G MCNO;\[I
>? ?@C=C^H=C; IO >I =IHNLXLCI JL;NC=;LC; I >?FCNI =;JCNOF;>I HI ;LN >I
a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
.O?MN[I >? L?F?P;HN? >CM=OMM[I >CT L?MJ?CNI Y ;NO;\[I >I JIFC
=C;G?HNI IMN?HMCPI >?M?HPIFPC>I J?F; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L ? ;I ?HKO;>L;G?HNI

>; L?;\[I ; OG; L?MCMN^H=C; H; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; IO HI ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I
>?P?L F?A;F &G;ACH?
M? JIL ?R?GJFI KO? OG ALOJI >? LIO<;>IL?M ;I MI@L?L
; CHN?LP?H\[I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L L?;D; =IG >CMJ;LIM >? ;LG; >? @IAI B;P?H>I I
L?PC>? >IM GCFCN;L?M >I "MN;>I +?MM? =;MI B;P?LX F?A_NCG; >?@?M; IO ?MNLCNI
=OGJLCG?HNI>I>?P?LF?A;F
-;L?=?
HIM KO? ; G?FBIL =IGJL??HM[I M?LC; J?FI ?MNLCNI
=OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F JILKO;HNI IM GCFCN;L?M >I "MN;>I ?MN;L[I CH
P?MNC>IM >; @OH\[I N?H>I I >?P?L F?A;F >? CHN?LPCL ? @;T?L =?MM;L ; ;NCPC>;>?
=LCGCHIM; +?MM? M?HNC>I =;GCHB; N;G<]G ; PCM[I >? 1?FG; HA]FC=;
#CAO?CL?>I
o, =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F FCGCN;

M? J?FI ;>D?NCPI q?MNLCNIr
I<LCA;H>I ;I ;A?HN? N;F =IGI H; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; I OMI GI>?L;>I >IM G?CIM
H?=?MMXLCIM J;L; I ;F=;H=? >I >?P?L CGJIMNI J?F; HILG; , =OGJLCG?HNI >I
>?P?L F?A;F JL?MMOJd? P_H=OFI >? MO<IL>CH;\[I ILCOH>I >I -I>?L -e<FC=I ,
;ONIL >?MM; =IH>ON; DOMNC@C=;>; Ma JI>?LX M?L OG ;A?HN? >; ;ONILC>;>?
Je<FC=; ? H[I KO;FKO?L J?MMI; HILG; DOL_>C=; I<LCA; I ;A?HN? >I -I>?L
-e<FC=I ; @;T?L IO >?CR;L >? @;T?L q;FAIr ; N?L=?CLI , GCFCN;L MOD?CNI ; OG P_H
=OFI >? MO<IL>CH;\[I G;CIL JIL @IL\; >IM JLCH=_JCIM >? BC?L;LKOC; ? >CM=CJ
FCH; >?P? I<?>?=?L IM L?AOF;G?HNIM GCFCN;L?M =IG LCAIL I<D?NCP;H>I

A;L;HNCL N;HNI ; FC<?L>;>? CH>CPC>O;F KO;HNI ; >?@?M; >; -XNLC; &H@?L?

M?
KO?IGCFCN;L ?GM?LPC\I ;=I<?LN;
M?JIL?MM;?R=FO>?HN?p[642]
1;G<]G H?MM? M?HNC>I ; PCM[I >? $OCFB?LG? +O==C KO? ;I F;>I >;
J?H; >? GILN? ?R?=ON;>; J?FI =;LL;M=I >; GILN? >I CHCGCAI HI =;GJI >?
<;N;FB; ?N= =IFI=; =IGI ?R?GJFI >? ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F ;
oPCIF^H=C; H?=?MMXLC; ONCFCT;>; J?F; JIF_=C; IO IONLI ;A?HN? Je<FC=I J;L;
JL?H>?L ;FAO]G ?G @F;AL;HN? IO ?G PCLNO>? >? G;H>;>I DO>C=C;F KO;H>I
BIOP?LL?MCMN^H=C;IO@OA;p[643]
F;LI KO? I GCFCN;L G?MGI ?G M?LPC\I JI>? ;ACL ?G F?A_NCG; >?
@?M; =IGI HI ?R?GJFI ?G KO? OG JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L ?G LIH>; IMN?HMCP; L?;A?
; OG ;N;KO? J?MMI;F >? OG CHCGCAI KO? DOLIO G;NX

FI *;M HIN?
M? KO?
H?MM? =;MI ; =IH>C\[I >? ?MN;L ?G M?LPC\I ] ;J?H;M OG ?F?G?HNI ;=C>?HN;F
H[I N?H>I I -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L ;AC>I ?G L;T[I >? MO; GCMM[I F?A;F .O;H>I ;A?
JIL CGJIMC\[I F?A;F @LCM;GIM BX >? M?L L?=IHB?=C>I I ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI
>I>?P?LF?A;F ?H[I;F?A_NCG;>?@?M;
*;FAL;>I HIMM; PCM[I J;L?=? M?L JL?>IGCH;HN? I ?HN?H>CG?HNI >?

KO? =;MI B;D; I L?MOFN;>I GILN? >?=ILL?HN? >; ;NO;\[I JIFC=C;F B;P?LC; L?
=IHB?=CG?HNI JL??H=BC>IM IM >?G;CM L?KOCMCNIM >? F?A_NCG; >?@?M; DX KO?

M?LC; >C@_=CF ;=?CN;L ; CGJIMC\[I F?A;F >I >?P?L >? G;N;L ;FAO]G ?R=?NI HI ?R
?GJFIDXG?H=CIH;>I>I=;LL;M=I
-IL @CG =IGI PCGIM >?@?H>?H>I >?M>? I JLCH=_JCI >I ?MNO>I >;M
?R=FO>?HN?M ] H?=?MMXLCI KO? I ;A?HN? M;C<; KO? ;A? ?G ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI
>I>?P?LF?A;F B;P?H>I;MMCG;=IH@ILG;\[IMO<D?NCP;>;?R=FO>?HN?
Exerccio regular de um direito
, ?R?L=_=CI L?AOF;L >? OG >CL?CNI o=IGJL??H>? ;\d?M >I =C>;>[I

=IGOG ;ONILCT;>;M J?F; ?RCMN^H=C; >? >CL?CNI >?@CHC>I ?G F?C ? =IH>C=CIH
;>;M Y L?AOF;LC>;>? >I ?R?L=_=CI >?MM? >CL?CNIp[644] I M? L?MNLCHACL =C>
;>[I =IGOG =F;LI H[I M? ?MNX >CT?H>I KO? I GCFCN;L H[I JIMM; N?L DOMNC
@C=;\[I >? =IH>ON; JIL ?MM; ?R=FO>?HN? G;M ;J?H;M KO? MO; =IH>C\[I >? GCF
CN;LH[ICH=ILJIL;LXIML?KOCMCNIMJ;L;KO?M?P?LC@CKO?;DOMNC@C=;\[I

IMNOG;
M? FCGCN;L I ?R?L=_=CI L?AOF;L >? OG >CL?CNI ; >O;M
BCJaN?M?M<XMC=;MI direito de castigo ?;MCNO;\[I pro magistratu
, >CL?CNI >? =;MNCAI N?G JIL I<D?NI ; ?>O=;\[I >? =LC;H\;M HI ZG
<CNI >; @;G_FC; =IGJ?NCH>I ILCACH;LC;G?HN? ;IM J;CM ?G L?F;\[I ;IM @CFBIM
MI?L >? @;G_FC; ,<PC;G?HN? N;G<]G M? >?P? N?L =IGI FCGCN? ;
JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? H[I M? ;>GCNCH>I I ;<OMI >?MM? >CL?CNI ; ?R?GJFI >?
J;CM KO? ;=ILL?HN;G @CFBIM %X ;ONIL?M KO? =IHMC>?L;G B;P?L ; ?R=FOM[I >I
JLaJLCINCJI JIMC\[I=IG;KO;FH[I=IGJ;LNCFB;GIM[645]
+; M?AOH>; BCJaN?M? ?MN[I =IGJL??H>C>;M ;M MCNO;\d?M ?G KO? I

"MN;>I H[I JI>? ;NO;L ?@C=;TG?HN? ; N?GJI >? ?PCN;L F?M[I ; OG <?G
DOL_>C=I >? L?=IGJIL ; IL>?G Je<FC=; ?N= =IGI HI =;MI >; L?JOFM; CG?>C
;N; ; ;AL?MM[I Y JLIJLC?>;>? ? Y JLCM[I ?G @F;AL;HN? >?FCNI ?@?NO;>; JIL J;L
NC=OF;L;LN>I --*
+?MM; P?LN?HN? BX ;FAOHM JIHNIM ?MJ?=_@C=IM >?MM; ?R=FO>?HN? KO?

G?L?=?G ;HXFCM? G;CM >?NC>; ; ?R?GJFI >; PCIF^H=C; >?MJILNCP; >;M CHN?L
P?H\d?M G]>C=;M ? =CLeLAC=;M >IM I@?H>_=OFIM >I NLIN? GCFCN;L ? >I >CL?CNI Y
H[I;ONI
CH=LCGCH;\[I
F?M[I >?=ILL?HN? >; violncia desportiva >?M>? KO? JL;NC=;>; HIM

FCGCN?M >I ?MJILN? =IH@CAOL;
M? ?R?L=_=CI L?AOF;L >? OG >CL?CNI !?MM; @ILG;
H[I BX =LCG? JIL ?R=FOM[I >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? HI =;MI >? OG DO>I=; GCFCN
;L =;OM;L F?M[I =ILJIL;F IO G?MGI ; GILN? ?G IONLI DO>I=; N;G<]G GCF
CN;L HI =OLMI >? =IGJ?NC\[I ?MJILNCP; >?M>? KO? >?HNLI >;M L?AL;M >I
?MJILN?
!; G?MG; @ILG; ;M intervenes mdicas J ?R ?RNL;\[I >? aL
A[I JIL G]>C=I GCFCN;L ?G @;=? >? J;=C?HN? N;G<]G GCFCN;L M[I PCMN;M =IGI
;NO;\d?M HI ?R?L=_=CI L?AOF;L >; JLI@CMM[I >I G]>C=I JILN;HNI ?R?L=_=CI
L?AOF;L >? OG >CL?CNI 1I>;PC; H?=?MMXLCI =IHMCAH;L ;>P?LN^H=C; NL;TC>;
>?HNL? IONLIM JIL #?LH;H>I ;J?T HI M?HNC>I >? KO? oJ;L; KO? ?RCMN; ;
G?H=CIH;>; >?M=LCGCH;HN? ] CH>CMJ?HMXP?F I =IHM?HNCG?HNI >I J;=C?HN? IO
>? M?O L?JL?M?HN;HN? F?A;F OM?HN? JI>?LX =;L;=N?LCT;L ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>
;>??G@;PIL>?N?L=?CLIp[646]

IGI DX ;MMCH;F;GIM ;J?M;L >? J;LN? >; >IONLCH; =IHMC>?L;L ; ONCF
CT;\[I >? ofendculos =IGI F?A_NCG; >?@?M; JL?IL>?H;>; ?HN?H>?GIM M?L

G;CM ;>?KO;>I JIMNOF;L ; DOMNC@C=;\[I J?FI ?R?L=_=CI L?AOF;L >? OG >CL?CNI
+?MM? M?HNC>I ?RJd? $OCFB?LG? +O==C =CN;H>I *;L=?FFI )CHB;L?M KO?
oKO;H>I ; ;LG;>CFB; ?HNL; ?G ;\[I H[I G;CM ?MNX @OH=CIH;H>I I BIG?G
GINCPI J?FI KO;F H[I M? JI>? ;>GCNCL ?MN?D; I=ILL?H>I OG; MCNO;\[I >? F?A_
NCG; >?@?M; G;M MCG >? ?R?L=_=CI >? >CL?CNI " G?MGI KO;H>I ;NCHD; OG CHI
=?HN? =IGI =LC;H\; KO? M? @CL; ?G JIHN;M >? F;H\; >? OG GOLI ;NO; I ?R?L
=_=CI >I >CL?CNI JICM H[I M? JI>? =IHMC>?L;L OG; L?;\[I =IHNL; KO?G H[I ?M
NX;AL?>CH>Ip[647]
+I KO? =IH=?LH? ;I trote militar J;L?=?
HIM ;>?KO;>; ; PCM[I >?
$OCFB?LG? +O==C J;L; KO?G JIL =IMNOG? ;MMCG =IGI I NLIN? ;=;>^GC=I
=IH@CAOL;
M? ?G ?R?L=_=CI L?AOF;L >? OG >CL?CNI >?P?H>I
M? =F;LI ;P;FC;L I
=;MI Y FOT >; JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? ?PCN;H>I
M? ; =IH>ON; PCIF?HN; =IG LCM=I Y
CHN?ALC>;>? @_MC=; >; J?MMI;[648] MMCG N;G<]G J;L?=? ?MN;L MI?MM; ?R=FO>?HN? ; =IH>ON; >I MOJ?LCIL KO? CGJd? JLIJIL=CIH;F MI@LC
G?HNI ;I MO<IL>CH;>I ?G J?L_I>I >? NL?CH;G?HNI =IH@CAOL;H>I

M? ?R?L=_
=CI L?AOF;L >? OG >CL?CNI >I MOJ?LCIL H; ;NCPC>;>? >? MO; @OH\[I >? @ILG
;>IL F?P;H>I ?G =IHN; KO? J;L; IM GCFCN;L?M ?G >?N?LGCH;>;M MCNO;\d?M

L?;CM M?LX ?RCAC>; ; L?MCMN^H=C; ;I @LCI Y @;>CA; JMC=IFaAC=; ?N= )IAC=;G?HN?
KO? >?J?H>?H>I >I >?FCNI ?G @I=I ; ;NO;\[I >I MOJ?LCIL ?G L?F;\[I ;I MO<
IL>CH;>I ? G?MGI ; CGJIMC\[I >? NLIN? JI>?L[I ?H=IHNL;L H; ;OM^H=C; >I

>IFI ; JLaJLC; ?R=FOM[I >; NCJC=C>;>? CMMI ;>IN;H>I
M? ; GIF>OL; @CH;FCMN;
?GKO?I?F?G?HNIMO<D?NCPI?MNX;FI=;>IHI@;NIN_JC=I
2G JIHNI >? ?RNL?G; L?F?PZH=C; HI !CL?CNI -?H;F ? HI -LI=?MMO;F

-?H;F *CFCN;L ?MNX H; JL?PCM[I =IHNC>; HI ;LN g I >I a>CAI >? -LI
=?MMI -?H;F *CFCN;L 0O; I<M?LPZH=C; JI>?LC; =IH@CAOL;L JLXNC=; CF_=CN; 3?
D;GIMI>CMJIMCNCPI=CN;>I
oLN , bHOM >; JLIP; =IGJ?N? ; KO?G ;F?A;L I @;NI G;M I DOCT
JI>?LX HI =OLMI >; CHMNLO\[I =LCGCH;F IO ;HN?M >? JLI@?LCL M?HN?H\; >?
N?LGCH;L >? I@_=CI >CFCA^H=C;M J;L; >CLCGCL >ePC>; MI<L? JIHNI L?F?P;HN?
/?;FCT;>; ; >CFCA^H=C; MI<L? ?F; M?L[I IOPC>;M ;M J;LN?M J;L; >CT?L?G HIM

;ONIM >?HNLI ?G KO;L?HN; ? ICNI BIL;M =IHN;>;M >; CHNCG;\[I JIL >?MJ;=BI
>IDOCT
g I
g I +CHAO]G ?MNX I<LCA;>I ; JLI>OTCL JLIP; KO? I CH=LCGCH? IO
;IM?O=bHDOA? >?M=?H>?HN? ;M=?H>?HN?IOCLG[Ip
F;L;G?HN? ; F?C JLI=?MMO;F J?H;F GCFCN;L =IHM;ALIO >? GI>I ?R
JL?MMI I JLCH=_JCI nemo tenetur se detegere M?AOH>I I KO;F HCHAO]G ?MNX

I<LCA;>I Y autoincriminao ?R?L=?H>I OG >CL?CNI ;KO?F? KO? H[I J;LNC=CJ;
>; JLI>O\[I >? JLIP; KO? I CH=LCGCH? )IAC=;G?HN? I ?R?L=_=CI >?MM? >CL?CNI
H[I JI>? L?MOFN;L ?G CGJON;\[I >? =IH>ON; CF_=CN; m J;L; ;FAOHM H?G
G?MGI =IH>ON; N_JC=; ?G ;FAOHM =;MIM DX KO? I ?R?L=_=CI >? >CL?CNI H[I JI>?
M?=IH@CAOL;L?GI@?HM; JIL?R?GJFI ;I>?P?L>?I@_=CI
*;M ; F?C JLI=?MMO;F J?H;F GCFCN;L ] >? HIN;L @IC ;F]G J?LGCNCH>I
KO? I CH>CP_>OI =IGI ?R?L=_=CI >? >CL?CNI A;L;HNC>I ?G F?C H[I JLI>OT;
JLIP; KO? CH=LCGCH? M?O =bHDOA? >?M=?H>?HN? ;M=?H>?HN? IO CLG[I MOL
ACH>I JICM OG; KO?MN[I CHNLCA;HN? KO? G?FBIL M?LX ?RJIMN; J?FI ?R?GJFI
&G;ACH?GIM OG JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L KO? M;C<; KO? M?O CLG[I OG =CPCF JL;NC=;
=IH>ON; CF_=CN; =IGI J?KO?HIM @OLNIM ; P?_=OFIM ? H[I ;>IN? JLIPC>^H=C;M
J;L; ; JLCM[I KO?>;H>I
M? CH?LN? >C;HN? >; MCNO;\[I H;NOL;FG?HN? PCLX FIAI
Y =;<?\; I L;=CI=_HCI >? KO? I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L ?MN;LX ?G JLXNC=; >? JL?P;L
C=;\[I >?CR;H>I >? ;>IN;L ;NI >? I@_=CI JIL M?HNCG?HNI J?MMI;F >?FCNI KO?
>?P?
M? L?MM;FN;L H[I JIMMOC M?KO?L ?M=OM; ;<MIFONaLC; ?G L;T[I >; L?F;\[I
>? J;L?HN?M=I =IG ?@?CNI I JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L N?LX JL;NC=;>I I @;NI N_JC=I >?
JL?P;LC=;\[I =IHNO>I =IH@?LCH>I
FB? ; F?C JLI=?MMO;F J?H;F GCFCN;L I >CL?CNI
>? H[I CH=LCGCH;L M?O CLG[I I =LCG? ?MN;LX ;@;MN;>I J?FI ?R?L=_=CI L?AOF;L
>?OG>CL?CNI%;P?LX ?GIONLIMN?LGIM @;NIN_JC=I JIL]GF_=CNI DOL_>C=I
Uso necessrio da fora para compelir subordinado
+I KO? N;HA? YM =;OM;M >? DOMNC@C=;\[I I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L HI
J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN =IHN]G =CL=OHMNZH=C; ?MJ?=_@C=; J;L; I =IG;H>
;HN?>?H;PCI ;?LIH;P?IOJL;\;>?AO?LL;
IHMCAH;I>CMJIMCNCPI

o-;LXAL;@I eHC=I +[I BX CAO;FG?HN? =LCG? KO;H>I I =IG;H>;HN?

>? H;PCI ;?LIH;P? IO JL;\; >? AO?LL; H; CGCH^H=C; >? J?LCAI IO AL;P? =;F
;GC>;>? =IGJ?F? IM MO<;FN?LHIM JIL G?CIM PCIF?HNIM ; ?R?=ON;L M?LPC\IM ?

G;HI<L;M OLA?HN?M J;L; M;FP;L ; OHC>;>? IO PC>;M IO ?PCN;L I >?MZHCGI I
N?LLIL ;>?MIL>?G ;L?H>C\[I ;L?PIFN;IOIM;KO?p
"HMCH; /IG?CLI KO? M? NL;N; >IM =B;G;>IM casi particulari di necessit >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L CN;FC;HI H[I NL;>OTCH>I OG; @CAOL; ?MJ?=C;F
>I A^H?LI ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? =IGI JIMNOF;G ;FAOHM oJICM I J?LCAI >?
>;HI ; J?MMI; Ma ?HNL; ?G =IHMC>?L;\[I >? GI>I CH>CL?NI M?H>I M?O I<D?N
CPI JLCH=CJ;F I >? I =IG;H>;HN? M;FP;L ; OHC>;>? H;PCI ;?LIH;P? IO JL;\;

>? AO?LL; ? ?PCN;L I >?MZHCGI I N?LLIL ; >?MIL>?G ; L?H>C\[I ; L?PIFN; IO
I M;KO?p -;L; I G?MNL? ] oBCJaN?M? >? ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >? >?P?L F?A;F
=IG >?MN;KO? >? >?M=LCGCH;HN? ?MJ?=_@C=; GCL;H>I ; CGJ?>CL =LCG?M GCFCN
;L?M J?FIM =IG;H>;>IMp[649] 1I>;PC; =IGI <?G ;MMCH;F; 1?FG; HA]FC=;

#CAO?CL?>I I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L CN;FC;HI ?RCG? I IG;H>;HN? G?MGI
KO;H>I ?R=?>? =OFJIM;G?HN? IM FCGCN?M >; ?R=FO>?HN? I KO? H[I I=ILL? HI
!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L<L;MCF?CLI J?FIKO?>CMJd?I;LN[650]
MMCH;F; 'ILA? ]M;L >? MMCM KO? ; MCNO;\[I DOMNC@C=;HN? L?MNLCHA?
M? Y =CL=OHMNZH=C; >? AO?LL; HI N?;NLI >;M IJ?L;\d?M G;M ?G N?GJI >? J;T
FCGCN;
M? ; H;PCIM ? ;?LIH;P?M ?R=FOCH>I IONLIM N?;NLIM ?G =;MI JIL ?R?G
JFI >? =;F;GC>;>? Je<FC=; >? ?MN;>I >? M_NCI ?N= -;L; I JL?T;>I ;ONIL
N;FP?T ; ?RJFC=;\[I ?MN?D; HI @;NI >? KO? N;F >CMJIMCNCPI N?HB; MOLAC>I =IG ;
?>C\[I >I ;HNCAI a>CAI >; LG;>; ?MN?H>C>I ;I "R]L=CNI ;JLIRCG;>;
G?HN? ICNI ;HIM >?JICM[651] "HN?H>? ;CH>; I >IONLCH;>IL KO? ; JIMMC<CFC>
;>? >? =IGJ?FCL MO<IL>CH;>I >?P? M?L ?MN?H>C>; ; IONL;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ?

A =;F;GC>;>? ? AL;P? J?LCAI ?G KO;FKO?L @IL\; GCFCN;L MI< =IG;H>I M?D;
?G>?MFI=;G?HNI M?D;;KO;LN?F;>;
"G KO? J?M? ; =IHMNLO\[I >I CFOMNL? G?MNL? J;L;H;?HM? ?HN?H
>?GIM KO? I >CMJIMCNCPI BX >? M?L L?M?LP;>I YM =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ?RJL?MM;M

!?P?
M? I<M?LP;L KO? ?G<IL; NL;>C\[I >I a>CAI >; LG;>; I F?ACMF;>IL

J?H;F GCFCN;L =IHMCAHIO I >CMJIMCNCPI ?G KO;H>I ;FCXM J;MMXP;GIM

JIL OG J?L_I>I >? ?R=?\[I ?G @;=? >; L?MCMN^H=C; ;LG;>; ;I ?HN[I AIP?LHI
GCFCN;L M MCNO;\d?M >? J?LCAI JILN;HNI H[I Ma ?L;G JIMM_P?CM =IGI GOCNI
JLIPXP?CM HI M?CI >; #IL\; 1?LL?MNL? ? >;M -IF_=C;M *CFCN;L?M #IL\; -e<FC=;
? G?MGI ;MMCG IJNIO ; F?C JIL ?R=FOCL ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? ?G N?GJIM >?
=;FG;LC;
>?G;CM I @;NI >? H[I M? ;JFC=;L N;F >CMJIMCNCPI ; NI>IM IM =;MIM H[I
?R=FOC ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ?H=IHNL;L IONL; =;OM; >? DOMNC@C=;\[I H; =IH>ON;
=IGI JI>? ;=IHN?=?L HI ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F MMCG JIL ?R
?GJFI >C;HN? >I ;N;KO? JIL G;LACH;CM ; OG KO;LN?F >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L JI>?
I MOJ?LCIL =IGJ?FCL Y @IL\; M?OM MO<IL>CH;>IM ; ?R?=ON;L?G G;HI<L;M OL
A?HN?M H?=?MMXLC;M Y >?@?M; >;M CHMN;F;\d?M ?MN;H>I ?G ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI

>I>?P?LF?A;F CH?L?HN?Y@OH\[IKO?>?M?GJ?HB;
&HAL?MM;H>I J?FI ?MNO>I >IM ?F?G?HNIM >; ?R=FO>?HN? ?G ;HXFCM?

?G JLCG?CLI JF;HI ;KO?F?M I<D?NCP;>IM HI NCJI J?LGCMMCPI >?P?
M? P?LC@C=;L
KO? ; @CAOL; =?HNL;F ; KO?G M? J?LGCN? ; =IH>ON; ] I =IG;H>;HN? >? H;PCI
;?LIH;P? IO JL;\; >? AO?LL; H[I ;<L;HA?H>I IONL; ;ONILC>;>? ?R=?NI M? FB?
@CT?L ;M P?T?M JIL ?R?GJFI ?G MO<MNCNOC\[I MMCG ?MN;H>I @?LC>I I
=IG;H>;HN? >? ;?LIH;P? JIL ?R?GJFI =F;LI KO? M?O CG?>C;NI MO<MNCNONI ;I
FB?@;T?L;MP?T?M ?MN;LXMI<I;GJ;LI>;?R=FO>?HN?
%X OG; MCNO;\[I C>?;F @I=;>; J?FI NCJI ?G KO? B;P?LX ; JIMMC<CFC>
;>? >? L?=IHB?=CG;HNI >; ?R=FO>?HN? ; M;<?L OG; MCNO;\[I >? J?LCAI IO
AL;P? =;F;GC>;>? ;F;GC>;>? ?HN?H>?
M? JIL OG oAL;H>? G;F =IGOG ;
GOCN; A?HN? CH@ILNeHCI Je<FC=Ip[652] o>?M;MNL? ?G AL;H>? ?M=;F;p[653]
M =;F;GC>;>?M I<PC;G?HN? MCAHC@C=;G MCNO;\d?M >? J?LCAI JIL]G BX ; JIM
MC<CFC>;>? >? J?LCAI KO? H[I ;NCHA? ; GOCN;M J?MMI;M =IGI ;M =;F;GC>;>?M ?
MCG OG; IO OG ALOJI >CGCHONI -?LCAI H; >?@CHC\[I >I F]RC=I MCAHC@C=;

oMCNO;\[I ?G KO? ?MNX ;G?;\;>; ; ?RCMN^H=C; IO CHN?ALC>;>? >? OG; J?MMI;
IO >? OG; =ICM;p[654] IGI M? J?L=?<? HI =;MI >I J?LCAI N;G<]G BX I
LCM=I ; OG; =ICM; CGJILN;H>I ?G JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? >;HI J;NLCGIHC;F I KO?
M? =IH@CLG; ;>C;HN? PCMNI KO? I ?GJL?AI >? PCIF^H=C; JI>? M?L J;L; KO? M?
M;FP?;2HC>;>? ;MMCG=IGJL??H>C>;=IGI;G<C?HN?@_MC=I

;\[I >I =IG;H>;HN? >CL?=CIH;

M? ; MO<;FN?LHIM =IGJ?FCH>I
IM
;I =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L +IN?
M? KO? ;I AL;@;L o=IGJ?F? IM MO<;FN?LHIMp ;
F?C J?H;F =;MNL?HM? H[I FCGCN; ; ;NO;\[I MIG?HN? =IHNL; OG; J?MMI; G;M
N;G<]G H[I I<LCA; KO? M?D; >CL?=CIH;>; ; G;CM >? >ICM GCFCN;L?M "G IONLIM
N?LGIM ; =;OM; DOMNC@C=;HN? G?H=CIH; OG ?@?CNI GIL;F KO? JI>? M?L ;F
=;H\;>I =IG OG; ;\[I MI<L? OG IO G;CM MO<;FN?LHIM >?M>? KO? =;OM? L?
@F?RI HI =ILJI >? NLIJ; "R?GJFC@C=;NCP;G?HN? JI>? I =IG;H>;HN?

?GJL?A;L PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; OG MO<;FN?LHI <OM=;H>I =IG CMMI @;T?L =IG KO?
IM >?G;CM =OGJL;G ;I JL?M?H=C;L I ?GJL?AI >? PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; I =IF?A;
M?O >?P?L JI>? ;CH>; ?GJL?A;L ; PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; NI>IM IM MO<;FN?LHIM
>?M>?KO?=IGIG?MGIJLIJaMCNI
, ?GJL?AI M?AOH>I ; F?C ] >? G?CIM PCIF?HNIM MCAHC@C=;H>I

?GJL?AI >? @IL\; @_MC=; vis corporalis, ? H[I ; I@?HM; GIL;F[655] F?C J?H
;F GCFCN;L H[I CGJd? FCGCN?M =F;LIM G?H=CIH;H>I A?H?LC=;G?HN? IM G?CIM PC
IF?HNIM =IHNO>I FIAC=;G?HN? I NCJI ?G ;HXFCM? H[I MCAHC@C=; OG; =;LN; ?G

<L;H=I ?G KO? I =IG;H>;HN? JI>? M?G H?HBOG; JLIJIL\[I OM;L >? PCIF
^H=C; I KO? M? =IH@CLG; J?F;M BCJaN?M?M >? ?R=?MMI H;M ?R=FO>?HN?M >CMJIM
N;M HI ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L MMCG ] JIMM_P?F >? ;=IL>I =IG ;M
=CL=OHMNZH=C;M @XNC=;M =B?A;L ;N] Y PCIF^H=C; KO? =;OM? ; GILN? >? OG MO<IL
>CH;>I G;M ; HIMMI P?L J;L; AO;L>;L JLIJIL\[I MIG?HN? ?G =;MI >? JL;\;
>? AO?LL; 1?FG; HA]FC=; >? #CAO?CL?>I G;CM J?LGCMMCP; H; CHN?LJL?N;\[I
;@CLG; KO? ; oGILN? >I MO<;FN?LHI >?MI<?>C?HN? ;>GCN?
M? KO;H>I BIOP?L
J?LCAI IO =;F;GC>;>? JIL H[I ?MJ?=C@C=;L ; F?C KO;CM IM G?CIM PCIF?HNIM H?G
IM ?HOH=C;L ;FAOG L?AOF;G?HNI GCFCN;L -IL =IHMNCNOCL
M? ; ;\[I >I =IG;H>
;HN? ?G OG; >;M =;OM;M >? ?R=FOM[I >; CFC=CNO>? Y M?G?FB;H\; >;M >?G;CM
=IH@ILG?;MCNO;\[I J?LGCN?
M?
FB?G;N;LMO<;FN?LHIp[656].
,M MO<IL>CH;>IM M[I =IGJ?FC>IM ; ?R?=ON;L M?LPC\IM ? G;HI<L;M OL
A?HN?M IO M?D; ;\d?M ?MNLCN;G?HN? H?=?MMXLC;M HI =;MI =IH=L?NI J;L; M;FP;L ;

OHC>;>? J;NLCGIHC;FG?HN? @;F;H>I IO PC>;M IO ?PCN;L I >?MZHCGI ;J;NC;
>C;HN? >; =;F;GC>;>? IO >I J?LCAI I N?LLIL J;PIL KO? F?P; Y CH;\[I IO Y
;\[I >?M=IIL>?H;>; ; >?MIL>?G ;OM^H=C; >? ;\d?M =IH=;N?H;>;M =IG I
@CG =IGOG >? M;FP;L PC>;M IO ; 2HC>;>? ; L?H>C\[I ;NI >? ?HNL?A;L
M? ;I

CHCGCAI ; L?PIFN; ?HN?H>C>; N?=HC=;G?HN? HIM N?LGIM >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I

>I ;LN >I -* IO I M;KO? ;\[I >? M;KO?;L >? NIG;L J;L; MC IO J;L;
IONL?G I<D?NIM ?G G?CI ; OG ALOJI >? J?MMI;M ?G NOL<; G?>C;HN?
?GJL?AI>?PCIF^H=C;
-IL @CG ;KOC N;G<]G >?P? ?RCMNCL OG; =IH@ILG;\[I MO<D?NCP; IO
M?D; ] H?=?MMXLCI KO? I =IG;H>;HN? M;C<; KO? ?GJL?A; ; PCIF^H=C; H; MCNO
;\[I ?R=?J=CIH;F >?M=LCN; HI NCJI J?LGCMMCPI ? G;CM J;L; KO? IM MO<IL>CH;
>IML?;D;G;@;MN;H>II>?MZHCGI ;>?MIL>?G?N=
Consentimento do ofendido
L?;FC>;>? >CHZGC=; >; MI=C?>;>? CGJ?>? KO? P;FIL?M =OFNOL;CM M?

NILH?G CH;FN?L;>IM B;P?H>I I<PC;G?HN? CHN?L@?L^H=C; HI >CL?CNI !?MM;
@ILG; OG <?G DOL_>C=I
J?H;F JIL ?R=?F^H=C; ?G >?N?LGCH;>; ]JI=; ? =IH
N?RNI JIF_NC=I JI>? M?L ?HN?H>C>I =IGI CHMCAHC@C=;HN? ?G IONL;M =CL=OHMNZH
=C;M M?H>I L?=IG?H>XP?F KO? M? ?HN?H>; ?G @;PIL >? =;OM;M MOJL;F?A;CM

;NO;H>I >CL?N;G?HN? HI JLI<F?G; >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? +[I M? NL;N; >? L?
=OLMI G?N;DOL_>C=I ;MMCH;F; CN?H=IOLN[657] PCMNI KO? ?G P?L>;>? M? L?
=ILL? ;IM JLCH=_JCIM A?L;CM >I >CL?CNI ;IM =IMNOG?M ? Y ;H;FIAC; >?FCH?;H>I
;M=;OM;MMOJL;F?A;CM
+?MM? =IHN?RNI MOLA? ; H?=?MMC>;>? >? ?MNO>;L I =IHM?HNCG?HNI >I

I@?H>C>I JIMM_P?F >? M?L >?FCH?;>I =IGI L?HeH=C; Y JLIN?\[I J?H;F >? <?HM
DOL_>C=IM >?M>? KO? M?D;G >CMJIH_P?CM JI>?H>I ?G ;FAOHM =;MIM =IH@CAOL;L
?R=FO>?HN? >? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? KO;H>I M? NL;N; >? =IHM?HNC
G?HNIJL?MOGC>I
'X HI KO? N;HA? ;I =IHM?HNCG?HNI L?;F ;@CLG;
M? KO? N?G H;NOL?T;
M?GJL? KO? I <?G DOL_>C=I CH>CPC>O;F @IL >CMJIH_P?F >? =CL=OHMNZH=C; ; ?R
=FOCL ; JLaJLC; NCJC=C>;>? oJILKO? I NCJI F?A;F JLIN?A? ; PIHN;>? >I JILN;>IL
>I <?G DOL_>C=I =OD; L?HeH=C; L?JL?M?HN; ?R?L=_=CI >? FC<?L>;>? =IHMNCNO
=CIH;F>?;\[Ip[658]
, =IHM?HNCG?HNI JL?MOGC>I KO? CHN?L?MM; ;I NaJC=I ?G ;HXFCM? o]
=IHMNLO\[I HILG;NCP; >I JMCKOCMGI >I ;ONIL MI<L? ; ?RCMN^H=C; I<D?NCP; >?

=IHM?HNCG?HNI >I I@?H>C>Ip[659] =IH@CAOL;H>I

M? =;OM; >? DOMNC@C=;\[I
MOJL;F?A;F , =FXMMC=I ?R?GJFI ] I >I ;A?HN? KO? =IFB? @LON;M KO? ;JI>L?=?G
HIJIG;L>IPCTCHBIKO?PC;DIO
+I =;MI >? =CLOLAC;M L?J;L;NaLC;M ?G KO? H[I B;D; LCM=I >? GILN?
J;L; I J;=C?HN? ; >IONLCH; =IHN?GJILZH?; =IGI DX ;MMCH;F;>I ?HN?H>?
B;P?L ; ?R=FOM[I >; JLaJLC; NCJC=C>;>? DX KO? B;P?LX =IHM?HNCG?HNI L?;F ?R
JL?MMI >I NCNOF;L >I <?G DOL_>C=I %X NI>;PC; M?NIL >IONLCHXLCI KO? L?FON
;HN? ?HN?H>?B;P?L;\[IN_JC=;DOMNC@C=;>;JILOG;=;OM;MOJL;F?A;F
Excesso nas causas justificantes
"G NI>;M ;M ?R=FO>?HN?M >? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ] JIMM_P?F I=ILL?L I ?R
=?MMI KO? HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L JI>? M?L =OFJIMI >IFIMI ?R=OFJ;HN? IO
;=C>?HN;F IO M?D; BX ?R=?MMI JOH_P?F KO;H>I P?LC@C=;>I ; N_NOFI >? >IFI IO
>? =OFJ; H?MN? =;MI MIG?HN? M? BIOP?L NCJI J?H;F =OFJIMI ? H[I JOH_P?F
KO;H>I ?R=OFJXP?F ;=C>?HN;F IO ; N_NOFI >? =OFJ; H?MN? =;MI M?G KO? B;D;
NCJI=OFJIMIJ;L;I@;NI
, ?R=?MMI =OFJIMI ?MNX >CMJIMNI HI ;LN >I -* o, ;A?HN? KO?
?G KO;FKO?L >IM =;MIM >? ?R=FOM[I >? =LCG? ?R=?>? =OFJIM;G?HN? IM FCGCN?M
>;H?=?MMC>;>? L?MJIH>?J?FI@;NI M??MN?]JOH_P?F ;N_NOFI>?=OFJ;p
+CNC>;G?HN? JILN;HNI I ?R=?MMI =OFJIMI ?PC>?H=C; ; ;OM^H=C; >?
>IFI J?LGCNCH>I M? P?H=_P?F ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I ;J?H;M ; N_NOFI >? =OFJ; M?

; ?MM; GI>;FC>;>? =IHM;AL;L ; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L IGI
<?G ?RJd? $OCFB?LG? +O==C o] I ?R;A?LI >?=ILL?HN? >; @;FN; >I >?P?L >?
=OC>;>I I<D?NCPI ;I L?J?FCL ; ;AL?MM[I 1L;N;
M? >I ?LLI >? =XF=OFI
?GJL?A;H>I G;CIL PCIF^H=C; >I KO? ?L; H?=?MMXLCI J;L; A;L;HNCL ; >?
@?M;p[660] HIN; ;CH>; I ;ONIL KO? HI =IHN?RNI >I ?R=?MMI =OFJIMI JI>?G
CH=C>CL ;M L?AL;M >I ?LLI >? NCJI ? >? JLIC<C\[I ?M=F;L?=?H>I KO? HI eFNCGI
=;MI KO;H>I JIL ?R?GJFI I ;A?HN? M? ?KOCPI=; KO;HNI ;IM FCGCN?M >; ?R
=FO>?HN?[661] 1L;MF;>;H>I ?MM; JIMMC<CFC>;>? J;L; I a>CAI -?H;F

;MNL?HM? >?P?
M? F?G<L;L KO? M? NL;<;FB; =IG I ?LLI >? >CL?CNI ;LN >I
-* ? =IG I ?LLI >? @;NI ;LNM ? >I -* IHMC>?L;H>I IM >ICM CH
MNCNONIM m ?LLI ? ?R=?MMI =OFJIMI m JI>?L_;GIM ?R?GJFC@C=;L =IG I =;MI >?

OG -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L KO? ?G ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F L?;A? ; NCLIM
>? OG; J?MMI; KO? JIL N?L LIO<;>I OG <;H=I L?MCMN? Y MO; JLCM[I ?LL;H>I
I GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I ? ;NCHACH>I GILN;FG?HN? IONL; J?MMI; ;FB?C; ;I =IH
@LIHNI ;MI M? >?GIHMNL? KO? I -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L JI>?LC; N?L NC>I G;CIL
=;ON?F; HI L?PC>? CGJILN;H>I JIL ?R?GJFI ?G OG; =IH>ON; CGJLO>?HN?
L?MJIH>?LX H; @ILG; =OFJIM; J?FI BIGC=_>CI >I CHI=?HN? CMMI =IG <;M? H;
;HXFCM? MCMN?GXNC=; >IM ;LNM KO? NL;N; >I ?LLI >? @;NI ;=C>?HN;F ;KOC H;
GI>;FC>;>? >I ?LLI >? ?R?=O\[I aberratio ictus ? caput KO? NL;N; >I
?R=?MMI =OFJIMI "G MOG; L?=IHB?=?
M? ; ?R=FO>?HN? >? ?MNLCNI
=OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F G;M =IG I ?LLI >? ?R?=O\[I ? J?F;M =CL=OH
MNZH=C;M N;G<]GM?L?=IHB?=?I?R=?MMI=OFJIMI
, J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I G?MGI ;LNCAI JIL]G J?LGCN? ; ?R=OFJ;\[I

>I ?R=?MMI KO;H>I L?MOFN;L >? ?M=OMXP?F ?HN?H>;
M? CHP?H=_P?F MOLJL?M; IO
J?LNOL<;\[I >? ZHCGI ?G @;=? >; MCNO;\[I JLIP?CN;H>I ;M FC\d?M >? MMCM
1IF?>I 'ILA? ]M;L >? MMCM ?HMCH; KO? oH[I M? JI>? CAO;FG?HN? =?HMOL;L I
;A?HN? J?FI ?R=?MMI JIL H[I FB? M?L BOG;H;G?HN? ?RCA_P?F KO? ?G @L;\d?M
>? M?AOH>I >IGCH? JI>?LIM;M L?;\d?M JM_KOC=;M m M;<C>;G?HN? CH=IHNLIFX
P?CM m J;L; >? Me<CNI ;ACL >C;HN? >I J?LCAI =IGI OG M?L CLL?;F M?G M;HAO?
H;M P?C;M ? >?MJLIPC>I >? ?GI\[I[662] M?H>I ?MM? I @OH>;G?HNI >; ?R
=OFJ;\[I>I=B;G;>I?R=?MMICHN?HMCPI
OLCIMI HIN;L KO? I ?R=?MMI ?R=OFJ;HN? HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ]

L?=IHB?=C>I =IGI =;OM; MOJL;F?A;F >? ?R=FOM[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? NILH;H>I
CH?RCA_P?F =IH>ON; >CP?LM; JIL H[I B;P?L MO; JL?PCM[I ?RJL?MM; H; F?C ;I
=IHNLXLCI>IKO?I=ILL?HI a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
IGI ?R?GJFI CG;ACH?GIM N;G<]G OG -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L KO? ?G

?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F L?;A? ; NCLIM >? OG; J?MMI; KO? JIL N?L
LIO<;>I OG <;H=I L?MCMN? Y JLCM[I >?MN; P?T ;=?LN;H>I ; J?MMI; =ILL?N;
JIL]G ?R=?>?H>I HI HeG?LI >? NCLIM H?=?MMXLCIM J;L; =?MM;L ; ;AL?MM[I =IH
NL; MC %X =F;L;G?HN? OG ?R=?MMI JIL]G ; MCNO;\[I >? ?R=CN;\[I JIL KO?

J;MM; I ;A?HN? NILH; CH?RCA_P?F =IH>ON; >CP?LM; ?F?G?HNI KO? N;G<]G HI
-*;@;MN;;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?>I;A?HN?

%X ;CH>; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? I ?R=?MMI M?L >IFIMI BCJaN?M? ?G KO?

Y FOT >I ;LN >I -* M?LX J?LGCNC>; ; ;N?HO;\[I >; J?H; A;HB;H>I HI
a>CAI ?G ;HXFCM? ; H;NOL?T; >? =CL=OHMNZH=C; GCNCA;>IL; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>?
MI< ; @ILG; >? =;OM; A?H]LC=; >? >CGCHOC\[I >? J?H; +I ?R=?MMI >IFIMI I
;A?HN? CHC=C; MO; ;\[I =IH@ILG? ;I >CL?CNI ?RNL;JIF;H>I ?G M?AOC>; ?G
MO; ;NO;\[I >CLCACH>I
; J;L; OG L?MOFN;>I ;HNCDOL_>C=I +?MM? =;MI oI
;A?HN? =IHM=C?HN? ? JLIJIMCN;>;G?HN? =;OM; ;I ;AL?MMIL ;I M? >?@?H>?L
G;CIL F?M[I >I KO? M?LC; H?=?MMXLCI J;L; L?J?FCL I ;N;KO? NO; GOCN;M P?T?M
GIPC>I J?FI a>CI J?F; PCHA;H\; J?FI L;H=IL J?F; J?LP?LMC>;>? J?F; =aF?L;
?HNL? IONLIM GINCPIM M?G?FB;HN?Mp[663] 1;G<]G ?HN?H>?GIM JIMM_P?F
H?MM? =;MI I >IFI ?P?HNO;F PCMNI KO? H[I BX L?MNLC\[I HILG;NCP; ; ?MM; CH
N?LJL?N;\[I *;CM OG; P?T NIG?GIM =IGI ?R?GJFI I =;MI >? OG -IFC=C;F
*CFCN;L KO? ?G ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F L?;A? ; NCLIM >? OG;
J?MMI; KO? JIL N?L LIO<;>I OG <;H=I L?MCMN? Y JLCM[I +?MN? =;MI JIL]G
;NLXM >; J?MMI; KO? ;NCL; =IHNL; I -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L BX OG; ?M=IF; >? ?>O=;\[I
CH@;HNCF KO? I GCFCN;L J?L=?<? ?MN;L HI CHN?LP;FI >? ;OF;M G;M G?MGI ;M
MCG =IHM=C?HN?G?HN? L?PC>; ;IM >CMJ;LIM ? ;NCHA? GILN;FG?HN? OG; =LC
;H\; -;L?=? ?PC>?HN? KO? I -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L =IHM=C?HN? >? NI>;M ;M =CL=OH
MNZH=C;M ;MMOGCO I LCM=I >? JLI>OTCL I L?MOFN;>I G;CM AL;P? L?MJIH>?H>I

>?MM? GI>I J?FI =LCG? >? BIGC=_>CI >? @ILG; >IFIM; ?G BIG?H;A?G N;G
<]G ;I ?LLI >? ?R?=O\[I JL?PCMNI HI ;LN >I -* G;M =IG ; J?H; L?>OT
C>; ?G @;=? >I KO? JL?P^ I ;LN >I G?MGI a>CAI "G MOG; L?=IHB?=?
M?
; ?R=FO>?HN? >? ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F G;M =IG I ?LLI >? ?R
?=O\[I?J?F;M=CL=OHMNZH=C;M N;G<]GM?L?=IHB?=?I?R=?MMI>IFIMI
"G ;FAOHM =;MIM I ?R=?MMI >IFIMI =IHB?=? HILG; ?MJ?=_@C=; H;

-;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? >?P?LX M?L ;JFC=;>; ?G >?NLC
G?HNI >I >CMJIMNI HI ;LN >I G?MGI a>CAI &G;ACH?GIM JIL ?R?GJFI
OG GCFCN;L KO? P?D; MO; ?MJIM; NLI=;H>I =;L_=C;M ?G FI=;F Je<FC=I =IG
IONLI GCFCN;L ? >? @ILG; =;FG; ? L?@F?NC>; M?G M?L PCMNI J?FIM ;>eFN?LIM >?
=C>? >;L OG NCLI HI DI?FBI >I GCFCN;L KO? =ILN?D; MO; ?MJIM; ;NCHACH>I M?O
CHN?HNI +IN?
M? KO? ; >?@?M; >; BIHL; JI>? M?L ?HKO;>L;>; H; ?R=FO>?HN?
>; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; NI>;PC; HCNC>;G?HN? BIOP? OG =IHM=C?HN? ?R=?MMI >I
;ONIL >I >CMJ;LI L?MJIH>?H>I >IFIM;G?HN? J?FI @;NI G;M =IG ;

>CGCHOC\[I >; J?H; IHNO>I BX H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I -* ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN?

HI g I >I ;LN >CMJIMCNCPI KO? JLCPCF?AC; ?MM; =CL=OHMNZH=C; KO? >?P?
JL?P;F?=?L MI<L? ; L?AL; A?L;F >I ;LN +IN?
M? KO? ?G =;MI >? BIGC=_>CI
H; G?MG; MCNO;\[I >?P?L
M?
C; ;<;H>IH;L N;G<]G I >CMJIMCNCPI >I ?R=?MMI
>IFIMI ?HR?LA;H>I I @;NI =IGI BIGC=_>CI JLCPCF?AC;>I HIM N?LGIM >I g I
>I;LN >I a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L
>IONLCH; JIL @CG G?H=CIH; OG; eFNCG; ?MJ]=C? >? ?R=?MMI I ?R
=?MMI ;=C>?HN;F IHMCMN? H; MCNO;\[I ?G KO? BX I o?R;A?LI KO? >?=ILL? >?

=;MI @ILNOCNI ?G<IL; H[I ?G CHN?HMC>;>? MO@C=C?HN? J;L; =ILN;L I H?RI =;OM
;F -IL P?T?M I ;A?HN? M? ?R=?>? H; >?@?M; G;M I ?R;A?LI ] G?L;G?HN?

;=C>?HN;F +[I M? JI>? >CT?L N?L B;PC>I GI>?L;\[I H; >?@?M; JICM I >;HI
JLIPI=;>I ;I ;AL?MMIL @IC ;F]G >I ?MNLCN;G?HN? H?=?MMXLCI J;L; L?J?FCL I

;N;KO? ?G<IL; I ?R;A?LI JIMM; M?L ;NLC<O_>I ;I @ILNOCNIp[664] +I G?MGI
?R?GJFI >I -IFC=C;F *CFCN;L KO? ?G ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F L?
;A? ; NCLIM >? OG; J?MMI; KO? JIL N?L LIO<;>I OG <;H=I L?MCMN? Y JLCM[I
CG;ACH?GIM KO? IM NCLIM ?G KO;HNC>;>? ;>?KO;>; J;L; L?J?FCL ; ;AL?MM[I
;NCHD;G I ;ONIL >I LIO;PC; I
LIO<;>IL ?G PCLNO>? >IM >CMJ;LIM =;C ;I MIFI ? <;N? ; =;<?\; ?G OG I<D?NI
I KO? FB? =;OM; ; GILN? %IOP? ] H_NC>I OG ?R=?MMI HI L?MOFN;>I ?R=?MMI
KO? H[I ] L?F?P;HN? J?H;FG?HN? H[I JI>?H>I I ;A?HN? L?MJIH>?L JIL >IFI
IO=OFJ;[665]
C) Culpabilidade
=OFJ;<CFC>;>? HI <IDI >; N?ILC; A?L;F >I >?FCNI JI>? M?L >?@CHC>;
=IGI OG DO_TI >? L?JLIP;\[I MI<L? ; ;\[I >I ;ONIL >? OG @;NI N_JC=I ? ;HNC
DOL_>C=I ,M ?F?G?HNIM @OH>;G?HN;>IL?M >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? J?F; ;NO;F N?ILC;

HILG;NCP; JOL; ?R;FN;>; J?FI @CH;FCMGI M[I ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? N;G<]G =B;
G;>; >? =;J;=C>;>? >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ; JIN?H=C;F IO L?;F =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC
=CNO>??;?RCAC<CFC>;>?>?=IGJILN;G?HNI>CP?LMI
+I causalismo neoclssico ?G KO? ;FI=;GIM I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN
;L HI ?HN;HNI ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IHB?=? =IGI ?F?G?HNIM ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? I

>IFI IO ; =OFJ; ? ; ?RCAC<CFC>;>? >? =IH>ON; >CP?LM; ?MN;H>I ; =IHM=C^H=C; >;

CFC=CNO>?;NO;F?H[IJIN?H=C;F>CMJIMN;HICHN?LCIL>I>IFIdolus malus
+[I ] J;=_@C=; ; CH=FOM[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? HIM ?F?G?HNIM A?H]LC=IM
>I =LCG? =IG <;M? HI =IH=?CNI ;H;F_NC=I NL;TC>I J?FI @CH;FCMGI %X HINXP?CM
PIT?M =IGI !;GXMCI " >? '?MOM[666] KO? ; ?HN?H>?G G?LI JL?MMOJIMNI
>? ;JFC=;\[I >? J?H; "G P?L>;>? =IGI DX >?@?H>?GIM ;I NL;N;L >I GI>?FI
@CH;FCMN; J;L?=?
HIM =ILL?N; ; teoria tridimensional tripartida IO tricotmica JILKO? N;HNI ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGI ; NCJC=C>;>? ? ; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? M[I
?F?G?HNIM H?=?MMXLCIM Y ;JFC=;\[I >? M;H\[I J?H;F >? MILN? KO? N;F =LCN]LCI
H[IJI>?;@;MN;L;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?=IGICHN?AL;HN?>I=IH=?CNI>?=LCG?
&H=ILL?NI JILN;HNI ] ;@CLG;L KO? I =IH=?CNI @CH;FCMN; >? >?FCNI ?R
=FOCO ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? B;P?H>I H[I G?HIM HINXP?CM @CH;FCMN;M KO? ;@CLG;G I

=IH=?CNI NLC>CG?HMCIH;F +?MM? M?HNC>I =IG GOCN; G;?MNLC; F?G<L; CN?H
=IOLN KO? I JLaJLCI 4?FT?F C>?;FCT;>IL >I @CH;FCMGI o>?CRIO =F;LI KO? J;L;
?F? I =LCG? Ma ?MN;LX =IGJF?NI =IG ; JL?M?H\; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? !?MM;
@ILG; J;L; I @CH;FCMGI =LCG? =IHNCHO; M?H>I ; ;\[I N_JC=; ;HNCDOL_>C=; ?
=OFJXP?Fp[667]
#?CNI I <L?P? =IH=?CNI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;FI=;H>I

; H; N?ILC; >I >?
FCNI =IGI =IH=?CNI >? =LCG? =IHP]G J;L; CHC=C;LGIM M?O ?MNO>I >?NC>I
G?MGI MI? M?LGIM L?J?NCNCPIM L?NIG;L ;FAOHM =IH=?CNIM >;
?PIFO\[I BCMNaLC=; >? MO;M N?ILC;M DX ?MNO>;>IM HI =IHN?RNI >IM GI>?FIM
J?H;CMCN?G;=CG;
a) Teorias da culpabilidade e os modelos penais

Teoria psicolgica da culpabilidade
IGI >CMM?GIM ; N?ILC; HILG;NCP; JOL; ] =IHMNLO\[I L?=?HN? G;M
H?GM?GJL?;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?@IC>?GIHMNL;>;=IG?MM;LIOJ;A?G
JLCG?CL; N?ILC; ; ?RJFC=;L ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? @IC ; teoria psicolgica

pura M?AOH>I ; KO;F I @;NI JOH_P?F ?H=IHNL;P; M?OM ?F?G?HNIM I<D?NCPIM H;
;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? N_JC=; ?HKO;HNI IM ?F?G?HNIM MO<D?NCPIM ?L;G =IH>?HM;>IM

H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? , =LCG? HCNC>;G?HN? JIMMO_; OG; =IGJIMC\[I I<D?NCP; ;

;\[I N_JC=; ? ;HNCDOL_>C=; ? OG =IHN?e>I MO<D?NCPI <?G >CMNCHNI ; =OFJ;<CFC>
;>? ?GKO??L;G;FI=;>IM>IFI?=OFJ;
"G IONL;M J;F;PL;M J;L; ; N?ILC; JMC=IFaAC=; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? o?MN;

] I FC;G? I P_H=OFI IO I H?RI JMC=IFaAC=I KO? FCA; I ;A?HN? IO J?FI >IFI IO
J?F; =OFJ; ;I M?O @;NI N_JC=I ? ;HNCDOL_>C=I "F; ] PCMN; HOG JF;HI JOL;G?HN?
H;NOL;F_MNC=I IO JMC=IFaAC=I >?MJLIPC>I >? KO;FKO?L P;FIL;\[I ? ?MAIN;
M?
H; MCGJF?M =IHMN;N;\[I >; JIMC\[I >I ;A?HN? J?L;HN? MO; JLaJLC; =IH
>ON;p[668]
N?ILC; JMC=IFaAC=; ;>IN;>; J?FI =B;G;>I GI>?FI )CMTN
?FCHA
/;><LO=B ?G KO? ; ;<MIL\[I >I >IFI ? >; =OFJ; M? @;TC; JIL G?CI >; =OFJ;<
CFC>;>? =IHMC>?L;P; ; ;\[I FCPL? >? ?F?G?HNIM JM_KOC=IM =IGI DX PCGIM

G?L; ;NCNO>? =;OM;F KO? L?H>?O ;I GI>?FI ?G KO?MN[I ; >?HIGCH;\[I causalismo causalismo clssico "G L;T[I >? I >IFI ? ; =OFJ; ?MN;L?G ;H;FCNC=;
G?HN? H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ; PCM[I NLC>CG?HMCIH;F >? >?FCNI @;NI N_JC=I ;HNC
DOL_>C=I ? =OFJXP?F ] CH>CMMI=CXP?F >I GI>?FI =;OM;FCMN; 1I>I =;OM;FCMN; ]

I<LCA;NILC;G?HN? ;>?JNI >I =IH=?CNI NLCJ;LNC>I >? =LCG? MI< J?H; >? ?R=FOCL
I ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI >; ;HXFCM? >I >?FCNI I KO? I<PC;G?HN? HCHAO]G
=IH=?<?
, a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L DX ;HIN;GIM @IC ?LCAC>I MI< IM >IAG;M >I

=;OM;FCMGI m ?G<IL; H?I=FXMMC=I I KO? P?L?GIM ;>C;HN? m M?H>I OG >?
M;@CI HI G_HCGI CHMNCA;HN? <OM=;L J;L; IM KO? ;MMCG >?M?D;L?G @OH>;
G?HN;\[I J;L; ; ;JFC=;\[I >; ;NO;F N?ILC; HILG;NCP; JOL; H; GIF>OL;

=;OM;FCMN;
, =IH=?CNI JMC=IFaAC=I >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGJILN;P; >ICM >?AL;OM ;
M?L?G ;P;FC;>IM ; imputabilidade =IGI M?O JL?MMOJIMNI ? ; relao
psicolgica JLIJLC;G?HN?>CN;
,<PC;G?HN? J;L; L?=IHB?=?L I FC;G? JMC=IFaAC=I >I ;ONIL ;I M?O

CHDOMNI N_JC=I ?RCAC;
M? ; capacidade de culpabilidade =IGI =;J;=C>;>? A?L
;F ? ;<MNL;N; >? =IGJL??H>?L I P;FIL >I @;NI I KO? F?P;P; Y ?R=FOM[I IO L?
>O\[I >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? >IM =;MIM >? imperfeio CG;NOLC>;>? IO defeco

>I?H\;G?HN;F[669]

'X ; relao psicolgica NL;>OTC;

M? J?F; =IHMN;N;\[I >; =IHM=C^H=C;
? >; PIHN;>? >? L?;FCT;L I @;NI N_JC=I o?R;OLCH>I
M? HI >IFI IO H;
=OFJ;p[670] !;_ ; AL;H>? =L_NC=; ?G L?F;\[I ;I =IH=?CNI JMC=IFaAC=I I KO;F
H[I M;NCM@;TC; ; ?RJFC=;\[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? HIM >?FCNIM =OFJIMIM JLCH=CJ;F
G?HN? oH; =OFJ; CH=IHM=C?HN? ?G KO? I L?MOFN;>I H[I ] JL?PCMNI J?FI ;A?HN?
IO M?D; H[I BX KO;FKO?L FCA;\[I JM_KOC=; ?HNL? I ;A?HN? ? I L?MOFN;>I
JLI>OTC>Ip[671]
Teoria psicolgico-normativa da culpabilidade
IG ; >?M=I<?LN; >IM ?F?G?HNIM HILG;NCPIM >I NCJI ? MO<D?NCPIM >I

CHDOMNI I GI>?FI =;OM;F @IC ;<;F;>I MI@L?H>I ;FN?L;\d?M HI ZG<CNI >; ;\[I
>I NCJI >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? H?MN? =;GJI JLCH=CJ;FG?HN?

J?F; =LC;\[I >; teoria normativa IO psicolgico-normativa ?G JIL
/?CHB;L> #L;HE J;L; KO?G =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?L; OG DO_TI >? P;FIL L?JLIP;<CF
C>;>?[672]
-IL ?MM; HIP; =IH=?J\[I @LONI >? OG; =IH@ILG;\[I ;RCIFaAC=; >I
!CL?CNI teoria teleolgica o>?CR; ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? >? M?L =IHMC>?L;>; =IGI

;MJ?=NI MO<D?NCPI >I =LCG? JMC=IFaAC=; KO? FCA; I ;A?HN? ;I M?O @;NI J;L;
NL;HM@ILG;L
M? ?G DO_TI >? L?JLIP;\[I >? =?HMOL; KO? M? @;T ;I ;A?HN? ?G
L;T[I >? MO; ;NO;\[I =IHNLXLC; ;I >CL?CNI IO G;CM JL?=CM;G?HN? ?G L;T[I >?
MO; q@ILG;\[I >; PIHN;>? =IHNLXLC; ;I >?P?Lrp[673] =;L;=N?LCT;H>I
M? JIL
OG =OHBI P;FIL;NCPI CHN?HMI =OFJ;<CFC>;>? G;HN]G ;CH>; HI ?HN;HNI IM
?F?G?HNIM JMC=IFaAC=IM H[I M? =;L;=N?LCT;H>I ?G OG =IH=?CNI JOL;G?HN?
HILG;NCPI G;M ?G OG =IH=?CNI GCMNI AL;@;>I JIL ?F?G?HNIM JM_KOC=IM ?
HILG;NCPIM , >IFI ? ; =OFJ; =IHKO;HNI J?LG;H?\;G H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? J;M
M;G;M?LAL;OM>?=OFJ;<CFC>;>? H[IG;CM@ILG;M>?=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
IGI DX MOM=CN;>I JIL CH@FO^H=C; >; N?ILC; N?F?IFaAC=; >I !CL?CNI
KO? F?PIO Y =OFJ;<CFC>;>? HILG;NCP; ?G OG M?HNC>I ;RCIFaAC=I J;MMIO
M? o;
;=?CN;L ; =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? =IGI L?KOCMCNI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? G;CM JL?
=CM;G?HN? =IGI >;>I KO? M? ;AL?A; ;I >IFI ? ;MMCG ;=IFB?

M? I >?HIGCH;>I
dolus malus >IFI HILG;NCPI IO >IFI DOL_>C=I CMNI ] >IFI G;CM =IHM=C^H=C;
>; CFC=CNO>?p[674] "MM; =IHMN;N;\[I IL; L?NIG;>; M?LX >? @OH>;G?HN;F

CGJILNZH=C; J;L; I ?MNO>I >;M ?R=FO>?HN?M >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? HI a>CAI -?H;F

*CFCN;L KO? G;CM OG; P?T L?MM;FN;GIM @IC A?L;>I MI< ; =IH=?J\[I >? OG
causalismo neoclssico JILN;HNI =IG ; ;>I\[I >; N?ILC; JMC=IFaAC=I
HILG
;NCP;>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
Teoria normativa pura da culpabilidade
IG ; N?ILC; @CH;FCMN; >; ;\[I >?M?HPIFPC>; JIL %;HM 4?FT?F H;

>]=;>; >? BX HIP; ;FN?L;\[I HI =?HXLCI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? OG; P?T KO? I
=IH=?CNI >? ;\[I ?MP;TC; ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? HI KO? =IH=?LH? ;IM M?OM ?F?G?HNIM
JMC=IFaAC=IM MOLACH>I;=IH=?J\[IHILG;NCP;JOL;>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
-IL M?L ; N?ILC; G;CM ;=?CN; ? JILKO? ; ?HN?H>?GIM JIMM_P?F >? M?L
;JFC=;>; H; GIF>OL; =;OM;FCMN; >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L J;MM;L?GIM ;
?MNO>X
F; ;GCe>? IO G?FBIL P?L?GIM >?N;FB;>;G?HN? ; ?MNLONOL; >I =IH
=?CNI HILG;NCPI JOLI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? KO? =IGJL??H>? ; =;J;=C>;>? >?

=OFJ;<CFC>;>? CGJON;<CFC>;>? I =IHB?=CG?HNI L?;F IO JIN?H=C;F >; CFC=CNO>?
? ; ?RCAC<CFC>;>? >? =IH>ON; >CP?LM; 1I>;PC; ;I @CH;F >I ?MNO>I >? =;>; ?F?
G?HNI >?MM; N?ILC; @;L?GIM ;FAOG;M I<M?LP;\d?M =IGJ;L;NCP;M KO? NL;T?G

J?=OFC;LC>;>?M ;I a>CAI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? G?MGI JILKO? ?G ;FAOHM JIH
NIM ; JL?PCM[I F?A;F ?MJ?=_@C=; I<MN; ?G JLCH=_JCI ; ;JFC=;\[I >? CHMNCNONIM

;NO;CM>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGI>?M?D;L_;GIM@IMM?
HN?M JIL]G >? ?HNL;L HIM ?F?G?HNIM >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =OGJL?
;MMCH;F;L >CM=OMM[I MI<L? I @OH>;G?HNI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? I =B;G;>I @OH>;
G?HNI ontolgico KO? A;HBIO =IHNILHIM ?MJ?=_@C=IM =IG ; L?>?@CHC\[I >?

=OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGI L?JLIP;\[I I FCPL?
;L<_NLCI IO =IGI KO?L CLCHI >IM
0;HNIM[675] ; capacidade de livre deciso
CHP?MNCA;\[I ;=?L=; >I FCPL?

;L<_NLCI JI>? MIF;J;L ; =IH=?J\[I >?
=OFJ;<CFC>;>? JILKO;HNI >? ;=IL>I =IG ; =IH=FOM[I ; KO? M? =B?A;L JI>?L
M?
X MOMN?HN;L ; JL?>?MNCH;\[I >I CH>CP_>OI ; >?FCHKOCL I KO? ;@;MN;LC; ; L?
JLIP;<CFC>;>? DXKO?CH?PCNXP?F
!?P?
M? N?L ?G G?HN? DX ?PCN;H>I G;CIL?M CF;\d?M KO? I FCPL?
;L
<_NLCI ] CH>?GIHMNLXP?F =;<?H>I YM =C^H=C;M J?H;CM ;=?CNX

FI IO H[I M?GJL?

=IGI L?;FC>;>? CH>?GIHMNLXP?F F?P;H>I Y @ILGOF;\[I >? OG =IH=?CNI =;F
=;>I ?G MCGJF?M DO_TI >? P;FIL KO? ;NLC<OC KO;FC>;>? ;I MOD?CNI >?G;CM
=IGI GOCNI <?G ;>OT CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM ?G N?GJIM ;NO;CM o; N?M? >; =OFJ
;<CFC>;>? =IGI @OH>;G?HNI >; J?H; @IC MO<MNCNO_>; =IGI N?M? >; =OFJ;<CFC>
;>? =IGI FCGCN;\[I >I JI>?L >? JOHCL =IG ; NLI=; >? OG; @OH\[I G?N;@_MC=;
>? F?ACNCG;\[I >; JOHC\[I JIL OG; @OH\[I JIF_NC=; >? A;L;HNC; >; FC<?L>;>?
CH>CPC>O;Fp[676]
!?MM;LN? =IG <;M? H?MM? HIPI ?H@IKO? J;L?=?
HIM ;>?KO;>; ;
N?ILC; >; dirigibilidade normativa =IH@ILG? ; ?RJd? F;OM /IRCH ; ?RJFC=;L
KO;F I =IHN?e>I G;N?LC;F MO<MN;H=C;F >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? 0?AOH>I ?MM; N?ILC;
; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? DX ?HR?LA;>; J?F; N?M? >? FCGCN? ;I JI>?L >? JOHCL =IHMNCNOC
OG DO_TI >? L?JLIP;<CFC>;>? KO? N?G JIL @OH>;G?HNI ; capacidade de comportamento conforme a norma =;J;=C>;>? ?MM; P?LC@C=;>; >? ;=IL>I =IG ;
?RJ?LC^H=C; =C?HN_@C=; ? CH>?J?H>?HN? >; CH>?GIHMNLXP?F =;J;=C>;>? >? FCPL?
;L<_NLCI IHMNLI?G
M? JILN;HNI >ICM ?F?G?HNIM @OH>;G?HN;CM OG ?G
J_LC=I >; =;J;=C>;>? >? ;ONI>CL?\[I ? IONLI HILG;NCPI =;L;=N?LCT;>I J?F;

JIMMC<CFC>;>?>?=IGJILN;G?HNI=IH@ILG?YHILG;[677]
"MM? =IHN?e>I G;N?LC;F ] MCMN?G;NCT;>I HIM ?F?G?HNIM >; N?ILC;
HILG;NCP; JOL; IO M?D; H; CGJON;<CFC>;>? H; JIN?H=C;F =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC
=CNO>??H;?RCAC<CFC>;>?>?=IH>ON;>CP?LM; KO?J;MM;L?GIM;?RJFIL;L
3?D;GIM ?HN[I IM ?F?G?HNIM >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? Y FOT >; N?ILC;
HILG;NCP; JOL; =IG ;M H?=?MMXLC;M I<M?LP;\d?M J;L; ; ;JFC=;\[I ;I a>CAI

-?H;F*CFCN;L
b) Imputabilidade
V ;NLC<ONI DOL_>C=I >? CH>CP_>OIM =IG >?N?LGCH;>IM H_P?CM >?
>?M?HPIFPCG?HNI <CIFaAC=I ? >? HILG;FC>;>? JM_KOC=; ?RCAC>IM J;L; ; =IG
JL??HM[I >; H;NOL?T; JLIC<C>; >? MO;M ;\d?M IO J;L; ILC?HN;L I =IGJILN;
G?HNI>?;=IL>I=IG?MM;=IGJL??HM[I[678]
+[I B;P?H>I ; <;M? J;L; ?MM; =IGJL??HM[I H[I ?RCMNCLX CGJON;<CF
C>;>? 3;F? >CT?L H[I B;P?LX =OFJ;<CFC>;>? MCHbHCGI ?G HIMM; IJCHC[I >?

CH?RCMN^H=C; >? =LCG? M?D; JIL OG @CH;FCMGI NLCJ;LNC>I JIL IJ\[I

>IONLCHXLC; M?D; ?G OG; ?MNLONOL; =;OM;FCMN; =IGI I -* JIL CGJIMC\[I
MCMN^GC=;
0OLA? JICM ; JLCG?CL; =;OM; >? ?R=FOM[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? KO;F
M?D; ; inimputabilidade MMCH;F; CN?H=IOLN KO? NL^M MCMN?G;M ; @CR;L ; CH
CGJON;<CFC>;>? M[I =IHB?=C>IM J?F; >IONLCH; ; <CIFaAC=I KO? =IH>C=CIH; ;

L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? Y M;e>? G?HN;F >?P?H>I I JILN;>IL >? OG; >?@C=C^H=C;
G?HN;F M?L =IHMC>?L;>I CHCGJONXP?F M?G KO? M? KO?MNCIH? I @;NI JMC=IFIAC=;
G?HN? < JMC=IFaAC=I KO? H[I ;P;FC; M? BX OG; >?@C=C^H=C; G?HN;F GaL<C>;
G;M CHP?MNCA; M? B;PC; ;I N?GJI >I =LCG? ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ;JL?=C;L ; CFC
=CNO>? >I @;NI GIG?HNI CHN?F?=NO;F ? >? M? =IH>OTCL >? ;=IL>I =IG ?MM? ?H
N?H>CG?HNI GIG?HNI PIFCNCPI ? = <CIJMC=IFaAC=I KO? ] ; L?OHC[I >IM >ICM

;HN?LCIL?M IO M?D; I ;A?HN? MIG?HN? ] CGJONXP?F M? ?G L;T[I >? ?H@?LGC>
;>? IO L?N;L>;G?HNI G?HN;F ?L; ;I N?GJI >I =LCG? =;J;T >? ?HN?H>?L ; CFC
=CNO>? >I @;NI GIG?HNI CHN?F?=NO;F ? >? M? =IH>OTCL >? ;=IL>I =IG ?MM? ?H
N?H>CG?HNIGIG?HNIPIFCNCPI[679]
#?FCTG?HN? ;I NL;N;LGIM >; CGJON;<CFC>;>? HI <IDI >; N?ILC;

HILG;NCP; JOL; JI>?GIM Y ?R=?\[I >I NL;N;G?HNI >;>I Y G;CILC>;>? J?H
;F KO? ;<IL>;L?GIM ;>C;HN? NL;MF;>;L IM =IH=?CNIM J;L; I a>CAI -?H;F *CF
CN;L G?MGI MI; N?ILC; JMC=IFaAC=I

HILG;NCP; &MMI JILKO? ; ?R
?GJFI >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG I a>CAI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? ;>INIO I =LCN]LCI
<CIJMC=IFaAC=I HIN;>;G?HN? ?G M?O ;LN KO? ;MMCG >CMJd? o+[I ] CG
JONXP?F KO?G HI GIG?HNI >; ;\[I IO >; IGCMM[I H[I JIMMOC ; =;J;=C>;>?
>? ?HN?H>?L I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I @;NI IO >? >?N?LGCH;L
M? >? ;=IL>I =IG ?MM?
?HN?H>CG?HNI ?G PCLNO>? >? >I?H\; G?HN;F >? >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI G?HN;F CH
=IGJF?NIIOL?N;L>;>Ip
"R=FOC
M? JILN;HNI ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? =IG ; @;FN; >? M;HC>;>?
G?HN;F "RCA?
M? KO? ?MM; >?@C=C^H=C; JLI>OT; CH=;J;=C>;>? >? >CM=?LHCL IM
JLaJLCIM ;NIM =IH>OTCH>I
M? I ;A?HN? >? G;H?CL; >?M=IH@ILG? ;I !CL?CNI
#;F;
M? JILN;HNI >? doena mental ?IO desenvolvimento mental incompleto ou retardado ;?R=FOCL;=;J;=C>;>?>?=OFJ;<CFC>;>?

o >I?H\; G?HN;F =IGJL??H>? BCJaN?M?M >? J;NIFIAC;M =IHMNCNO
=CIH;CM IO ;>KOCLC>;M >I ;J;L?FBI JM_KOC=I >?@CHC>;M =IGI JMC=IM?M ?RaA?H
;M ? ?H>aA?H;M ; ;M JMC=IM?M ?RaA?H;M =IGJL??H>?G ;M JMC=IM?M NL;OGXNC=
;M F?Md?M IO CH@?==CIM;M >I aLA[I =?L?<L;F ; ?JCF?JMC; ; >?M;AL?A;\[I >;

J?LMIH;FC>;>? JIL ;LN?LCIM=F?LIM? IO ;NLI@C; =?L?<L;F ;F]G >? IONL;M J?L
NOL<;\d?M J;NIFaAC=;M >I =]L?<LI JIL CH@F;G;\[I NOGIL?M >I?H\;M >? G?N;
<IFCMGI ?N= < ;M JMC=IM?M ?H>aA?H;M =IGJL??H>?G @OH>;G?HN;FG?HN? ;
?MKOCTI@L?HC; ? ; J;L;HIC;p[680] esquizofrenia ; N_NOFI >? ?R?GJFI =IH
MNCNOC OG NL;HMNILHI >? J?LMIH;FC>;>? KO? F?P; ; OG; J?L>; >? =IHN;NI =IG
I GOH>I HILG;F ? @;GCFC;L ;I J;MMI KO? =IH>OT Y L?JL?M?HN;\[I >? OG
GOH>I JMC=aNC=I ? ?MNL;HBI >?MN;=;H>I
M? IM M?OM MCHNIG;M M?=OH>XLCIM
=IGI;M;FO=CH;\d?M?;MC>?C;M>?FCL;HN?M[681]
, desenvolvimento mental incompleto ou retardado =IGJL??H>?

NI>;M ;M IFCAI@L?HC;M KO? M[I CHMO@C=C^H=C;M =IHA^HCN;M IO J?FI G?HIM GOCNI
JL?=I=?M >I >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI >; CHN?FCA^H=C; >C@?L?H=C;H>I
M? >;M >?N?LCIL
;\d?M >? OG; CHN?FCA^H=C; KO? M? B;PC; >?M?HPIFPC>I H;NOL;FG?HN? ;M >?
G^H=C;M[682] 0[I >?@?CNIM =IHMNCNO=CIH;CM HI aLA[I =?L?<L;F JI>?H>I M?L

=IH>?HM;>;MH;M debilidades mentais imbecilidade ? idiotias
&HN?L?MM; HIN;L KO? HIM N?LGIM >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN oM? ;
>I?H\; IO ; >?@C=C^H=C; G?HN;F H[I MOJLCG? G;M >CGCHOC =IHMC>?L;P?FG?HN?
; =;J;=C>;>? >? ?HN?H>CG?HNI >; CFC=CNO>? >I @;NI IO ; >? ;ONI>?N?LGCH;\[I
H[I @C=; ?R=FO_>; ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? G;M ; J?H; JI>? M?L ;N?HO;>; IO ?HN[I
=;MI B;D; ; H?=?MMC>;>? >? NL;N;G?HNI ?MJ?=C;F M?L MO<MNCNO_>; JIL G?>C>;
>? M?AOL;H\; >? CHN?LH;\[I ?G ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI JLaJLCI[683] =;L;=N?LCT
;H>I ;MMCG I MCMN?G; PC=;LC;HN? CH;OAOL;>I HI L;MCF J?FI

*CFCN;L
a>CAI -?H;F
1L;N;
M? HI J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >; @CAOL; >I M?GC
CGJONXP?F KO?
JI>? =IGI PCGIM MI@L?L ; G?MG; =IHM?KO^H=C; J?H;F >I CHCGJONXP?F
JIL]G =IG L?>O\[I >; J?H; ;JFC=;>; IO MI@L?L ; CGJIMC\[I >? G?>C>; >?
M?AOL;H\;

2G JLI<F?G; ; M?L MIFO=CIH;>I H?MN? JIHNI ] I quantum >? L?
>O\[I >? J?H; JIMM_P?F J;L; I M?GC

CGJONXP?F OG; P?T KO? I >CMJIMCNCPI
=IG?HN;>I H[I NL;T J;LZG?NLIM +; IGCMM[I >I F?ACMF;>IL H?MM; =;OM;
A?H]LC=; >? >CGCHOC\[I >? J?H; >?P?
M? ONCFCT;L IONL; L?AL; >; -;LN? $?L;F
>I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ; M;<?L ;KO?F; =IHMCAH;>; HI ;LN KO? >CMJd?
o.O;H>I ; F?C >?N?LGCH; ; ;AL;P;\[I IO ;N?HO;\[I >; J?H; M?G G?H=CIH;L I
quantum >?P? I DOCT @CRX
FI ?HNL? OG KOCHNI ? OG N?L\I AO;L>;>IM IM FCG
CN?M>;J?H;=IGCH;>;;I=LCG?p
"G IONLIM N?LGIM ; J?H; J;L; I M?GC

CGJONXP?F JI>?LX M?L L?>OT
C>; >? OG KOCHNI ? OG N?L\I MOLACH>I HI ?HN;HNI OG; IONL; KO?MN[I KO;F
M?D; ; CGJIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ; =IH>?H;\[I @C=;L ;KO]G >; J?H; G_HCG; =IGCH
;>; ;I =LCG? +[I ?H@L?HN;L?GIM ?MM; KO?MN[I ;AIL; JILKO;HNI ; L?NIG;L?
GIMKO;H>I>I?MNO>I>;;JFC=;\[I>;J?H;
O problema da maioridade penal no Cdigo Penal Militar ou o Direito Penal Militar Juvenil (?)
,ONL; =CL=OHMNZH=C; KO? JI>? ?R=FOCL ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? @OH>;>; H;
seguridad jurdica =IGI ;MMCH;F; *OÌT IH>?[684] ] ; G?HILC>;>? J?H
;F NL;N;>; >? @ILG; sui generis HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L "MJ?=C@C=;G?HN?

MI<L? ; C>;>? J?H;F I a>CAI ;MNL?HM? JL?MOG? M?L M?GC
CGJONXP?F I G?H
IL >? ;HIM ? I G;CIL >? ?KOCJ;L;H>I ;CH>; ;FAOHM =;MIM ;I G;CIL >?
;HIM
KO?MN[I HI ?HN;HNI A;HB; G;CIL =IGJF?RC>;>? G?L?=?H>I OG
?MNO>I >?NC>I KO? H[I M? FCGCN;LX Y =IGJL??HM[I >; F?C ?G MC G;M
;<L;HA?LX;?PIFO\[IBCMNaLC=;>INL;N;G?HNI>IN?G;
"G M?>? CHC=C;F @LCM?

M? KO? ] GOCNI =IGOG ; >CM=OMM[I ;=?L=; >;
L?>O\[I >; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F HI L;MCF OG GIPCG?HNI KO? ?G<IL; N?HB; I
;@;AIJIJOF;L ]GOCNI=LCNC=;>IJIL;FAOHM;JFC=;>IL?M>I!CL?CNI
KO?MN[I =IGI M? JI>? J?L=?<?L A;HB; OG; =IGJF?RC>;>? ;>C
=CIH;F M? ;P;FC;>; MI< ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >; JLXNC=; >? ;NI =;JCNOF;>I HI a>CAI
-?H;F *CFCN;L JIL ;>IF?M=?HN? L;T[I J?F; KO;F I N?G; N?G A;HB;>I GOCN;

L?F?PZH=C; HI ZG<CNI >I ?MNO>I >I !CL?CNI ;MNL?HM? >?P?H>I M?L CHC=C;>;
J?F;;<IL>;A?G>;NL_JFC=?L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I;KO?M?MOD?CN;IGCFCN;L
A trplice responsabilidade , GCFCN;L =IGI ?MJ]=C? >? ;A?HN?

Je<FC=I ?MNX MOD?CNI ; OG; NL_JFC=? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? HI KO? N;HA? ;IM ;NIM
CF_=CNIM KO? JL;NC=; V >CT?L KO? I GCFCN;L >;M #IL\;M LG;>;M I JIFC=C;F GCF
CN;L IO <IG<?CLI GCFCN;L ;I JL;NC=;L OG; =IH>ON; CLL?AOF;L JI>?LX MI@L?L
=IHM?KO^H=C;M H;M ?M@?L;M J?H;F =CPCF ? ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; -;L; ;FAOHM H[I M?

JI>? CAHIL;L BX ;CH>; ; CGJLI<C>;>? ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; =IGI OG; KO;LN; ?M
@?L; >; KO;F H[I HIM I=OJ;L?GIM JIL G?L?=?L M? KOCM?LGIM =IGJL??H>^
F;
OG?MNO>I?MJ?=_@C=I KO?@OACLC;;IJLIJaMCNI>?MN;=IHMNLO\[I
IGI DX M;<?GIM ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F >?=ILL? >; ;JFC=;\[I

>;M F?CM J?H;CM >?HNL? ?F;M I HIMMI N?G; =?HNL;F H?MN; I<L; I a>CAI -?H;F
*CFCN;L ;>?@CHCLIM=LCG?MGCFCN;L?M?GN?GJI>?J;T?>?AO?LL;
L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; JIL MO; P?T ?H=IHNL; M?O >?FCH
?;G?HNI HIM ?MN;NONIM ? L?AOF;G?HNIM >CM=CJFCH;L?M I KO? =IFIL? ; L?
MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ?G L?F?PI =IG ; >?MCAH;\[I >? o>CM=CJFCH;Lp "G IONL;M J;
F;PL;M MOLA? ; =B;G;>; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI

>CM=CJFCH;L IO
MCGJF?MG?HN? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?>CM=CJFCH;L
-IL @CG ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? =CPCF >?=ILL? >; ;JFC=;\[I >I a>CAI
CPCF N?H>I ?G L?AL; =IGI =IHNL;J;LNC>; I >;HI G;N?LC;F IO GIL;F KO?
A?L; I >?P?L >? L?J;L;\[I JIL M?O ;ONIL "MM? >?P?L >? L?J;L;\[I JI>?LX >;L
M?>?@ILG;>CL?N;IO>?@ILG;L?@F?R; ?G@;=?>I>CL?CNI>?L?AL?MMI
*OCNI CGJILN;HN? KO? M? ?HN?H>; =IGI M? JLI=?MM; ; CHN?L;\[I >?M
M;M ?M@?L;M "G IONLIM N?LGIM >?P?

M? ;P?LCAO;L J;L; ; ;JL?M?HN;\[I KO? M?
;@CAOL; M? ;M ?M@?L;M M[I CH>?J?H>?HN?M IO H[I ?HNL? MC JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? HI
KO?M?L?@?L?YL?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[IJ?H;F?;>GCHCMNL;NCP;
?>C\I KO? ;M ?M@?L;M >? >CL?CNI MOJL;=CN;>;M J?H;F ;>GCHCMNL;NCP;

? =CPCF @OH=CIH;G >? GI>I ;ONbHIGI ? B;LGbHC=I OG; ?G L?F;\[I YM ION
L;M G;L=;H>I OG; L?F;NCP; CH>?J?H>^H=C; "HN?H>?GIM KO? ?MM; L?F;NCP;

CH>?J?H>^H=C; HI =;MI ?MJ?=_@C=I >IM GCFCN;L?M ] GCNCA;>; G;M ;CH>; ;MMCG

?RCMN?HN??H?=?MM;LC;G?HN?L?=IHB?=C>;
+I KO? N;HA? ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? YM ?M@?L;M J?H;F ? ;>GCHCMNL;NCP; !C

-C?NLI =IG J?=OFC;L G;?MNLC; ?HMCH; KO? ?G @;=? >? OG @;NI KO? ] ;I
G?MGI N?GJI >?@CHC>I ?G F?C =IGI =LCG? ? NL;HMAL?MM[I oCHMN;OL;G
M? I
JLI=?MMI ;>GCHCMNL;NCPI >CM=CJFCH;L ? I JLI=?MMI =LCGCH;F JL?P;F?=?H>I ; L?
AL; >; CH>?J?H>^H=C; ?HNL? ;M >O;M CHMNZH=C;M L?MM;FP;>;M ;FAOG;M ?R
=?\d?M ?G KO? ; >?=CM[I JLI@?LC>; HI DO_TI J?H;F >?P? JL?P;F?=?L @;T?H>I

=ICM;DOFA;>;H;XL?;=_P?F?H;;>GCHCMNL;NCP;p[685]
OGJL? JIL >?LL;>?CLI ;HIN;L KO? ;M ?M@?L;M ?G ;JL?\I =IH
MNCNO?G =_L=OFIM =IH=^HNLC=IM I KO? J?LGCN? ;@CLG;L KO? H?G NI>; NL;HM
AL?MM[I ] =LCG? JIL]G ?G L?AL; NI>I =LCG? ] NL;HMAL?MM[I G?L?=?H>I

OG; L?JL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L ;CH>; KO? H[I M?D; ?R=FOMaLC; MMCG OG @;NI
JI>? H[I M?L =IHMC>?L;>I =LCG? =IGOG IO GCFCN;L G;M JI>?LX =IHNO>I
MI@L?L ; L?JL?MM[I >CM=CJFCH;L ? ?G ;FAOHM =;MIM @IG?HN;L ; I<LCA;\[I >? L?
J;L;LI>;HI
?G P?L>;>? KO? ?MM; =IH=?J\[I ;N] ?HN[I B?LG]NC=; N?G MC>I
=IHN?MN;>; =IGI HI DX =CN;>I =;MI ?G KO? OG GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I >? 0[I
-;OFI ?G<IL; =IH>?H;>I JIL =LCG? H[I @IC M;H=CIH;>I >CM=CJFCH;LG?HN? ?
H?GN?P?;=IHM?KO?HN?J?L>;>?AL;>O;\[I-$-H
A identificao do crime militar IGI DX >CMJOM?GIM ;I

NL;N;L >; NCJC=C>;>? ; C>?HNC@C=;\[I CHC=C;F >I =LCG? GCFCN;L J;MM; JIL OG;
IJ?L;\[I =IGJF?R; >?P?H>I
M? F?G<L;L KO? ?G PXLC;M MCNO;\d?M ; NCJC=C>
;>? >? OG =LCG? GCFCN;L >X

M? >? @ILG; CH>CL?N; IO M?D; H[I <;MN; ;J?H;M
P?LC@C=;L ; >?M=LC\[I N_JC=; >; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F =;L?=?H>I P?LC@C=;L N;G<]G MO;
=IGJF?G?HN;\[I J?F; -;LN? $?L;F ?G ?MJ?=C;F I ;LN I >I -* IGI eF
NCG; ;P?LCAO;\[I >?P?GIM P?LC@C=;L ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? I MOD?CNI ;NCPI

JL;NC=;L =LCG? GCFCN;L H; ?M@?L; ;H;FCM;>; P?LC@C=;H>I
M? H?MM? JIHNI H[I
Ma OG JLI<F?G; >? NCJC=C>;>? G;M N;G<]G OG; KO?MN[I ;NL?F;>; Y =OFJ;<CF
C>;>? ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? HI KO? =IH=?LH? Y CGJON;<CFC>;>? J?F; G;CILC>;>?

J?H;F

MMCG JI>?
M? MCMN?G;NCT;L ; ;P?LCAO;\[I >; NCJC=C>;>? >I =LCG?
GCFCN;L M?AOCH>I NL^M J;MMIM ?PC>?H=C;>IM JIL NL^M KO?MNd?M KO? ?G<IL;
G?H=CIH;>;M;HN?LCILG?HN? L?J?NCGIMJ;L;@;=CFCN;L;=IGJL??HM[I
; , @;NI JL;NC=;>I ?MNX JL?PCMNI H; -;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I a>CAI -?H
;F*CFCN;L
;LN
; %X JL?PCM[I >;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M >I =LCG? ?G OG >IM CH=CMIM >I

>I -*
; , MOD?CNI ;NCPI >I =LCG? JI>? M?L JLI=?MM;>I ? DOFA;>I J?F;

'OMNC\;*CFCN;LKO?;JL?=C;LXI>?FCNI
;MI ; L?MJIMN; M?D; oMCGp YM NL^M JLIJIMC\d?M B;P?LX NCJC=C>;>? >I

@;NI HI ;FO>C>I a>CAI F?G<L;H>I KO? ; =IH=FOM[I JIL =LCG? >?J?H>? ;CH>;
>; ;HXFCM? >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? >;M >?G;CM =;OM;M KO? JIMM;G ?R=FOCL ;
=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
JLIP?CN;H>I I ?R?GJFI >;>I KO;H>I NL;N;GIM ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN?
>?MM; IJ?L;\[I CG;ACH?GIM OG ;FOHI >; "M=IF; -L?J;L;NaLC; >? ;>?N?M >I
"R]L=CNI =IG ;HIM >? C>;>? KO? H; @OH\[I >? M?HNCH?F; G;N; ;FAO]G ?G
L?JOFM; ; OG; CHP;M[I ;LG;>; >;KO?F; 2HC>;>? jM KO?MNd?M ;J?H;M ;P?LC
AO;H>I;NCJC=C>;>? >CL_;GIM
; 0CG BX I NCJI oBIGC=_>CIp HI ;LN >I -* ? I =LCG? =IH
N]GCAO;F>?@CHC\[IHI a>CAI-?H;F
; 0CG JIL N?L MC>I =IG?NC>I JIL GCFCN;L ?G M?LPC\I ;JFC=;GIM ;

;F_H?; c >ICH=CMI&&>I;LN I
"R;N;G?HN? H; N?L=?CL; KO?MN[I ?MN;L_;GIM =IH=?HNL;H>I ; >CM
=OMM[I >I JL?M?HN? L;=CI=_HCI H;P?A;H>I >?MN; P?T HI =;GJI >; =OFJ;<CFC>
;>? DXKO?NL;N;GIM>?CGJON;<CFC>;>?
MMCG KO?MNCIH;
M? J;L; I
JI>?JL;NC=;L=LCG?GCFCN;L
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L I ;>IF?M=?HN?

-;L; L?MJIH>?L ; ?MM; CH>;A;\[I =;L?=?GIM >? =IHB?=?L ;M >CM
JIMC\d?M ;=?L=; >; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F >I a>CAI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? ? =IGJ;LX
F;M =IG I IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F I KO? J;MM;L?GIM ; @;T?L ?G

M?AOC>;
Evoluo
histrica
da
responsabilizao
criminal
comum juvenil P;FC;H>I IM NL^M MCMN?G;M J;L; ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? J?H;F
<CIFaAC=I JMC=IFaAC=I ? <CIJMC=IFaAC=I DX M;<?GIM KO? I a>CAI -?H;F

=IGOG =IGI L?AL; A?L;F ;>INIO I =LCN]LCI <CIJMC=IFaAC=I AL;@;H>I HI ;LN
KO? o] CM?HNI >? J?H; I ;A?HN? KO? JIL >I?H\; G?HN;F IO >?M?HPIFPC
G?HNI G?HN;F CH=IGJF?NI IO L?N;L>;>I ?L; ;I N?GJI >; ;\[I IO >; IGCM
M[I CHN?CL;G?HN? CH=;J;T >? ?HN?H>?L I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I @;NI IO >?
>?N?LGCH;L
M? >? ;=IL>I =IG ?MM? ?HN?H>CG?HNIp +I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I =IG
JF?G?HN; ; L?AL; >CMJIH>I MI<L? ; M?GC

CGJON;<CFC>;>? KO;H>I ; J?H; >?
P?LX M?L oL?>OTC>; >? OG ; >ICM N?L\IM M? I ;A?HN? ?G PCLNO>? >? J?LNOL<
;\[I >? M;e>? G?HN;F IO JIL >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI G?HN;F CH=IGJF?NI IO L?
N;L>;>I H[I ?L; CHN?CL;G?HN? =;J;T >? ?HN?H>?L I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I @;NI IO >?
>?N?LGCH;L
M?>?;=IL>I=IG?MM??HN?H>CG?HNIp
IHNO>I ?G L?F;\[I ;I G?HIL >? ;HIM I F?ACMF;>IL ;<;H>IHIO

I =LCN]LCI <CIJMC=IFaAC=I[686] ? ;>INIO I =LCN]LCI <CIFaAC=I AL;@;H>I HI ;LN
KO? oIM G?HIL?M >? >?TICNI ;HIM M[I J?H;FG?HN? CHCGJONXP?CM @C=
;H>IMOD?CNIMYMHILG;M?MN;<?F?=C>;MH;F?ACMF;\[I?MJ?=C;Fp
V CGJILN;HN? =IHMCAH;L KO? H?G M?GJL? @IC ?MM; ; >CMJIMC\[I >; F?
ACMF;\[I J?H;F =IGOG M?H>I =IHP?HC?HN? @;T?L OG; <L?P? CH=OLM[I BCMNaLC=;
;=?L=; >; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F ?G ;FAOHM J?L_I>IM >; %CMNaLC; J;L; JIMN?LCIL
G?HN? ;F=;H\;L IM >CP?LMIM =a>CAIM J?H;CM <L;MCF?CLIM "MM; ?PIFO\[I

BCMNaLC=; JIL a<PCI >?P? =?HNL;L
M? N;G<]G H; =IGJL??HM[I >I CH>CP_>OI
?G @;=? >I !CL?CNI DX KO? J;L; =IGJL??H>?L I G?HIL =IGI OG CH>CP_>OI

>IN;>I >? ?MJ?=C;CM H?=?MMC>;>?M ] JL?=CMI JLCG?CLI =IGJL??H>?L I BIG?G
=IGINCNOF;L>?>CL?CNIM?G@;=?>I"MN;>I?>?M?OIL>?H;G?HNIDOL_>C=I
Povos primitivos e da Antiguidade. "GMO;?MM^H=C; IBIG?G
] OG M?L MI=C;F KO? JLI=OL; >?M>? L?GIN; ]JI=; ; =IHPCP^H=C; ?G ALOJIM

@;GCFC;L?M MI=C;CM ? JIF_NC=IM ALOJIM ?MM?M KO? <OM=;P;G I ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI

>?L?AL;MJ;L;;MO;JLaJLC;JL?M?LP;\[I ?H[I;>ICH>CP_>OI[687]
"MM;M L?AL;M HI ?HN;HNI =IHNCHB;G OG =OHBI L?FCACIMI ?R;A?L;>I

JILKO;HNI ;M MI=C?>;>?M JLCGCNCP;M @OH>;G?HN;FG?HN? NIN^GC=;M H[I >CM
NCHAOC;G I o>CPCHIp CH?RJFC=XP?F >; HILG; >? =IH>ON; BOG;H; B;P?H>I

>?MM;@ILG; ;@OM[I?HNL?!CL?CNI GIL;F?L?FCAC[I[688]
!?MM;LN? JIMMO_;G MCG OG MCMN?G; >? =IHIN;\[I DOL_>C=; OG; P?T

KO? M? ?MN;<?F?=C;G L?AL;M =IGJILN;G?HN;CM =ODI >?ML?MJ?CNI CGJFC=;P; ?G
M;H\d?M HI ?HN;HNI N;F MCMN?G; PCM;P; Y =I?M[I ALOJ;F #IC ?MM; =IH=?J\[I
KO? ;@;MNIO HOG GIG?HNI JIMN?LCIL ; L?AOF;L JLXNC=; >; PCHA;H\; >?
M;HAO? DX KO? >?MNLO_; ?F; IM ;AFIG?L;>IM BOG;HIM FCA;>IM JIL OG G?MGI
MCAHI "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M H[I @IC ; JL?I=OJ;\[I =IG I CH>CP_>OI KO? L?JO
>CIO ; PCHA;H\; >? M;HAO? G;M ; JL?I=OJ;\[I =IG I ?RN?LG_HCI >IM ALOJIM
OG;P?TKO??MM;JLXNC=;H[I=IHB?=C;JLIJIL\d?M
+[I M? JI>? ;>?G;CM @;F;L ?G "MN;>I H?MM; ]JI=; DX KO? ?MN? H[I
?RCMNC; >? @ILG; ILA;HCT;>; DOL_>C=; ? JIFCNC=;G?HN? I KO? MCAHC@C=; >CT?L

KO? ; ;JFC=;\[I >;M HILG;M H[I M? >;P; JIL aLA[IM ?MN;N;CM +?MM? =IHN?RNI
N;G<]G H[I M? JI>? H;M MI=C?>;>?M JLCGCNCP;M @;F;L ?G JL?M?LP;\[I >?
>CL?CNIM >I BIG?G ;MMCG ?HN?H>C>; =IGI OG MCMN?G; =IHM=C?HN?G?HN? =IH
>OTC>IJ;L;?MM?@CG[689]
-IL a<PCI ?G M? NL;N;H>I >? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >I G?HIL H[I ]

JIMM_P?F M?J;LX
F; >;KO?F; ;JFC=;>; ;IM ;>OFNIM HI M?CI >? OG ALOJI
JI>?H>I
M?>CT?LKO??L;CH>CMNCHN;
&HAL?MM;H>I H; HNCAOC>;>? =FXMMC=; =LIHIFIAC=;G?HN? =ILL?M
JIH>?HN? ;I CH_=CI >; ONCFCT;\[I >; ?M=LCN; ; ;N] ; KO?>; >I &G
J]LCI /IG;HI >I ,=C>?HN? > H[I M? JI>? P?LC@C=;L OG; eHC=; =IH
@ILG;\[I JILKO;HNI PXLC;M =CPCFCT;\d?M =I?RCMNCL;G H?MM? J?L_I>I =IG =;L;
=N?L_MNC=;M JLaJLC;M >;H>I

M? G;CIL >?MN;KO? YM =CPCFCT;\d?M ?A_J=C; AL?A; ?
LIG;H;3?D;GIM JLCG?CLI <L?P?M=;L;=N?L_MNC=;M>?=;>;OG;>?F;M

=CPCFCT;\[I ?A_J=C;[690] @OH>;G?HN;FG?HN? N?I=LXNC=;[691]

JIMMO_; =?LN; ILA;HCT;\[I DO>C=CXLC; ?RCMN^H=C; >? G;ACMNL;>IM NLC<OH;CM ?
JLI=?MMI DO>C=C;F ?G L?AL; ?M=LCNI N?H>I ; F?C =IGI JLCH=CJ;F @IHN?
L?=IHB?=?H>I
M? KO? ?MM? MCMN?G; JL?M?LP;P; ;FAOHM >CL?CNIM CH>CPC>O;CM
-L?AIO
M? JIL ?R?GJFI HI M]=OFI 53& ; >OL;HN? ; 53&&& >CH;MNC; ; JL?
P;F^H=C; >; F?C ; CAO;F>;>? DOL_>C=; >IM CH>CP_>OIM ? =IGI =IHM?KO^H=C; ;

?RNCH\[I>;?M=L;PC>[I[692]
=CPCFCT;\[I AL?A;[693] @IC G;L=;>; JIL OG; ?PIFO\[I J;OF;NCH;

GOCNI CH@FO?H=C;>; I<PC;G?HN? J?FI J?HM;G?HNI @CFIMa@C=I >? 0a=L;N?M
-F;N[I VMKOCFI ?HNL?N;HNIMIONLIM
+?MM; ?PIFO\[I ] JIMM_P?F >?N?=N;L OG; $L]=C; B?LIC=; =?L=; >?

; G;L=;>; JIL OG "MN;>I 1?I=LXNC=I GCMNOL;H>I !CL?CNI ? L?FC
AC[I 'X HI J?L_I>I =FXMMC=I >? ;N] ; oI >CL?CNI J;MMIO ; M?L
F;C=I ,M AL?AIM J;MM;L;G ; ?HN?H>?L KO? ;M F?CM >?PC;G ? JI>C;G M?L =LC;>;M
? L?PIA;>;M J?FIM BIG?HM ? H[I J?FI L?C NC>I =IGI G?HM;A?CLI >IM >?OM?M
IG ; F;C=CT;\[I IM AL?AIM J;MM;L;G ; L?@F?NCL L;=CIH;FG?HN? MI<L? ;
H;NOL?T;>;F?C?>;DOMNC\;p[694].
"G<IL; =;L;=N?LCT;>; J?F; L;=CIH;FCT;\[I >I !CL?CNI H; $L]=C;

=FXMMC=; N;G<]G H[I M? =IGJL??H>C; I CH>CP_>OI ?G MC G?MGI >CPIL=C;>I
>I =IHN?RNI >;M =C>;>?M
?MN;>I ;M polis -IL CMMI G?MGI IM AL?AIM H[I
>?M?HPIFP?L;G OG MCMN?G; >? JLIN?\[I ;IM >CL?CNIM BOG;HIM >?G;CM
@LCM?
M? KO? J;L; J?LN?H=?L ;I =IHN?RNI >; polis ?L; ?RCAC>; ; =IH>C\[I >?
M?L AL?AI ? FCPL? H[I JI>?H>I M?L <XL<;LI IO ?M=L;PI JLIJaMCNI >; ?M
=L;PC>[I ?MN;?L;DOMNC@C=;>;=IGIF?A_NCG;H;]JI=;?G;JL?\I[695]
=CPCFCT;\[I LIG;H;[696] ?G M?OM JLCGaL>CIM ?L; JLI@OH>;
G?HN? G;L=;>; J?F; L?FCAC[I JI>?H>I

M? ;@CLG;L KO? I !CL?CNI ?L; OG; >;M
@;=?M>;L?FCAC[I
LCMNI=LXNC=; ?G ?MM^H=C; ; MI=C?>;>? ?L; >CPC>C>; ?G =F;MM?M MI=C
;CM =IGJL??H>?H>I IM J;NL_=CIM IM =FC?HN?M IM JF?<?OM ? IM ?M=L;PIM NC>IM

=IGI <?HM J;NLCGIHC;CM J?H;M IM J;NL_=CIM JIMMO_;G I jus civile DX KO?
?L;G IM eHC=IM L?=IHB?=C>IM =IGI =C>;>[IM status civitatis I KO?

MCAHC@C=;P; ?MN;L FCA;>I YM =C>;>?M civitas 0IG?HN? =IG ; )?C >;M 5&&
1X<O;M ?G; IMJF?<?OM=IHKOCMN;L;GM?OMJLCG?CLIM>CL?CNIM
IG ; CH;OAOL;\[I >; /?Je<FC=; ?G ; =IH@?LCO
M? AL;H>?M
JI>?L?M Y *;ACMNL;NOL; =IGJIMN; JIL NI>I ;KO?F? KO? JIMMO_; OG; @OH\[I
;>GCHCMNL;NCP; H[I Ma ; DO>C=;HN? F]G >; *;ACMNL;NOL; IL>CHXLC; m L?AO
F;LG?HN? =IHMNCNO_>; m ? ?RNL;IL>CHXLC; m =IHMNCNO_>; ?G J?L_I>IM ?R=?J
=CIH;CM ; ?MNLONOL; JIF_NC=I

;>GCHCMNL;NCP; =IGJL??H>C; I 0?H;>I ? ;M
MM?G<F?C;M >I -IPI ?MN;M =IG JI>?L?M >? >?FC<?L;L ?G M?>? >? ;J?F;\[I
MI<L?;=IH>?H;\[IYJ?H;=;JCN;F[697]
"G G;N]LC; >? =IGJL??HM[I >I CH>CP_>OI ? >? M?OM >CL?CNIM ?G @;=?
>I "MN;>I H;KO?F; ]JI=; =OGJL? L?F?P;L KO? ; )?C >; 5&& 1X<O;M >? F;PL;
>; *;ACMNL;NOL; ?RNL;IL>CHXLC; FCGCNIO ; PCHA;H\; JLCP;>; G;L=;H>I I CH_
=CI>;NL;HM@?L^H=C;J;OF;NCH;>?OGJI>?LJ;LNC=OF;LJ;L;OGJI>?L=?HNL;F
/IG; FXMMC=; G;L=;
M? J?F; KO?>; >; /?Je<FC=; ? ; ;M=?HM[I >I
-LCH=CJ;>I? JIMN?LCILG?HN? >I!IGCH;NI
+I -LCH=CJ;>I G?MGI =IG ; J?LJ?NO;\[I >I 0?H;>I ? >; *;ACM
NL;NOL; ?L; I GIH;L=; KO?G =IH=?HNL;P; ; AL;H>? A;G; >? JI>?L?M M

MM?G<F?C;M -IJOF;L?M @IL;G MO=OG<CH>I ;N] ; ;<IFC\[I J?FI CGJ?L;>IL
1C<]LCI +?MM? J?L_I>I >?MN;=;
M? ; M?>CG?HN;\[I >; extraordinaria cognitio =;L;=N?LCT;>; JIL OG JLI=?MMI ?M=LCNI HI KO;F I DOFA;>IL JI>?LC; DOFA;L ?
?R?=ON;L MO;M >?=CMd?M M?H>I ?MN;M JIL]G J;MM_P?CM >? L?=OLMI J;L; I princeps CMMI =IG I ?M=IJI >? =IHNLIF;L ;M >?=CMd?M @ILN;F?=?H>I ;MMCG I
JI>?L CGJ?LC;F ? H[I J;L; @IG?HN;L OG; L?PCM[I ?G @;PIL >I CH>CP_>OI
FCXM ?MM; =;L;=N?L_MNC=; G;L=; I !CL?CNI /IG;HI P;F?H>I >CT?L KO? ;I
FIHAI >? NI>; ; MO; BCMNaLC; H[I BX ; JLIN?\[I >I CH>CP_>OI ?G @;=? >I
"MN;>I G;M MCG ; <OM=; >? @ILN;F?=CG?HNI >I "MN;>I ?G HIG? >? MO;
JLIMJ?LC>;>? ? >; >?@?M; >? =F;MM?M JLCPCF?AC;>;M =IGI IM CGJ?L;>IL?M ? IM
J;NL_=CIM[698]
#?CNI OG <L?P_MMCGI ?M=IL\I BCMNaLC=I >I !CL?CNI HIM JIPIM JLCGCN
CPIM ? H; HNCAOC>;>? >?P?

M? ;AIL; P?LC@C=;L H?MM? J?L_I>I ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;
\[I>IG?HILJ?F;JLXNC=;>?>?FCNIM

"G P;FILIMI NL;<;FBI MI<L? I N?G; 0]LACI 0B?=;CL; HIM ?HMCH; KO?
HI ?MNO>I >IM JIPIM ;HNCAIM ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F >IM oG?HIL?Mp J;MMIO
JIL J?L_I>IM >? >C@?L?H=C;\[I ? >? CH>C@?L?H\; ?G =IGJ;L;\[I Y L?MJIHM;<
CFCT;\[I>IM;>OFNIM[699]
+I !CL?CNI <;<CFbHC=I JIL ?R?GJFI =IG I ;>P?HNI >I
a>CAI >?
%;GGOL;<C M]=OFI 53&&& ; BIOP? ; OHC@C=;\[I >I !CL?CNI ?G NI>I I N?L
LCNaLCI G;M H[I M? =IH@?LC; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >C@?L?H=C;>; YM =LC;H\;M IO

;>IF?M=?HN?M NI>IML?MJIH>?H>IMI<OG;G?MG;FaAC=;MCMN^GC=;[700]
M JLCG?CL;M CH>C=;\d?M >? >C@?L?H=C;\[I H; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I PC
?L;G M]=OFIM G;CM N;L>? H; $L]=C; m ?G<IL; ;HN?M >I M]=OFI 3&& ;
BIOP?MM? OG; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? CH>CMNCHN; m =IG LCMNaN?F?M KO? MOMN?HNIO
OG; CM?H\[I >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J;L; ;M =LC;H\;M ?G ?MJ?=C;F @I=;H>I ; H[I
JOHC\[I JIL =LCG?M =OFJIMIM +?MM; FCHB; N;G<]G -F;N[I ;I MOMN?HN;L KO?
;M =LC;H\;M H[I >?P?LC;G MI@L?L IONL;M J?H;M KO? H[I ;M CH>?HCT;\d?M ?R=?NI
HIM=;MIM>?BIGC=_>CI[701]
"G /IG; ; DX G?H=CIH;>; )?C >;M 5&& 1X<O;M ; >CMNCHAOC;
?HNL? I G?HIL Je<?L? ? I CGJe<?L? =IH@?LCH>I L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >C@?L?H
=C;>; J;L; ?MM;M =;N?AILC;M @I=;H>I

M? I >CM=?LHCG?HNI >IM ;NIM JL;NC=;>IM
;@;MN;H>I
M? JIL ?R?GJFI ; J?H; =;JCN;F J;L; IM CGJe<?L?M HI >?FCNI >?
=ILN? HINOLHI >? AL[IM KO;H>I M?LC;G JOHC>IM =IG OG; ;>GI?MN;\[I
verberatio ;F]G >I L?MM;L=CG?HNI >I >;HI N?H>^H=C; >; ?R=FOM[I >;
J?H; =;JCN;F J;L; G?HIL?M >? C>;>? =IHNCHOIO HI !CL?CNI /IG;HI

=B?A;H>I H; ]JI=; =FXMMC=; Y >CMNCH\[I >? NL^M =;N?AILC;M ; M;<?L IM CH
@;HN?M IM CGJe<?L?M ? IM G?HIL?M H[I =;<?H>I ;IM JLCG?CLIM m =IHMC>?L;
>;M =IGI N;CM ;M =LC;H\;M KO? H[I M;<C;G @;F;L J?L@?CN;G?HN? m L?MJIHM;<CF
CT;\[IJ?H;F[702]
IG 'OMNCHC;HI @CRIO
M? ?G ;HIM >? C>;>? ; CLL?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?
NIN;F J?FIM ;NIM H[I M?H>I =;MNCA;>I JIL OG; ?KOCJ;L;\[I ;I furiosus
%;PC; ;CH>; IM CGJe<?L?M m >? ; ? ;HIM G?CI J;L; IM BIG?HM ? ;HIM
? G?CI J;L; ;M GOFB?L?M m KO? N;G<]G H[I ?L;G L?MJIHM;<CFCT;>IM JIL M?L
?G =IHMC>?L;>IM proximus infantiae IHNO>I ;=CG; >?MM;M C>;>?M ;N] IM

;HIM J;L; IM BIG?HM ? J;L; ;M GOFB?L?M ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >;P;

M? >?
@ILG; ;N?HO;>; G;M M?GJL? JL?M=CH>CH>I >? OG; =IHMN;N;\[I >; JL?M?H\;
>? G;F_=C; M?G ; KO;F N;G<]G M?LC;G CLL?MJIHMXP?CM[703] V JIMM_P?F ;KOC
?H=IHNL;L ; A^H?M? >I =LCN]LCI >I >CM=?LHCG?HNI ;I KO;F HIM L?@?LCL?GIM
PXLC;MP?T?M
+;M =IH=?J\d?M CHC=C;CM ;HN?M >? CHAL?MM;L H; &>;>? *]>C; >?P?
M?
@CLG;LKO?I LCMNC;HCMGI=IH@CAOL;
M??GG;L=IBCMNaLC=I@OH>;G?HN;F
+[I BX =IGI H?A;L KO? ; CH@FO^H=C; >I LCMNC;HCMGI @IC >? MOG;
CGJILNZH=C; H; =IGJIMC\[I >? OG; =IHM=C^H=C; ?G KO? I CH>CP_>OI ] ; L;T[I
>? M?L I GINCPI >; ?RCMN^H=C; >I GOH>I =B;G;>I L;=CIH;F LC;>I Y CG;A?G
? M?G?FB;H\; >? !?OM I BIG?G >?P?LC; M?L I >?MNCH;NXLCI @CH;F >? NI>;M ;M
<?H?MM?M JLIGIPC>;M J?FI "MN;>I ? CMMI >? @ILG; CH>CMNCHN; DX KO? NI>IM
MIGIMCLG[IM
"MM; PCM[I =IFI=IO Y JLIP; H[I Ma ; =IH=?J\[I >; ]JI=; ;=?L=; >?
"MN;>I G;M ;M JLaJLC;M =IHPC=\d?M L?FCACIM;M G;L=;>;M JIL OG; M?P?L; =I
>C@C=;\[I AL;@;>; HI -?HN;N?O=I L?JF?NI >? J;MM;A?HM >? PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; ;

J?MMI;
F;C=CT;\[I ;=?HNOIO
M? OG; P?T KO? M? JIMNOFIO ; M?J;L;\[I CH
?KO_PI=; ?HNL? I oL?CHI >IM =]OMp ? I oL?CHI >IM BIG?HMp G;L=;>; JIL GXRC
G;M=IGIo; ]M;LIKO?]>? ]M;L?;!?OMIKO?]>?!?OMp
-IL G;CM KO? M? H?AO? ; @CAOL; M;HNC@C=;>; >I *?MMC;M BX KO? M? L?
=IHB?=?L MO; ?RCMN^H=C; BCMNaLC=; G;L=;HN? H; >?@?M; >? OG; MI=C?>;>? G;CM
BOG;HCT;>; CLG;H;>;>?@ILG;;;NCHACL;J;TMI=C;FN[I;FG?D;>;
Perodo medieval &>;>? *]>C; N?P? CH_=CI H; KO?>; >I &G
J]LCI /IG;HI >I ,=C>?HN? > ? >OLIO ;N] ; KO?>; >I &GJ]LCI /I
G;HI >I ,LC?HN? G;L=;>; J?F; >?LLI=;>; >? IHMN;HNCHIJF; ?G >? G;CI
>? KO;H>IM?CHC=C;;&>;>?*I>?LH;
*;L=;>; JIL PXLC;M =;L;=N?L_MNC=;M ? ?G =IHM?KO^H=C; JIL PXLCIM
MCMN?G;M DOL_>C=IM J?FI L?=IHB?=C>I I<M=OL;HNCMGI DX @IC =B;G;>; >? ;

o&>;>? >;M 1L?P;Mp PCM[I BCMNaLC=; KO? J;L; ;FAOHM G?L?=? OG; L?NC@C=;\[I

DX KO? H; &>;>? *]>C; N;G<]G @IL;G >?N?=N;>IM PXLCIM ;P;H\IM J;L; ;

%OG;HC>;>?
IG ; >?LLI=;>; >I !CL?CNI /IG;HI HI I=C>?HN? CGJL?AH;G
M?
CHC=C;FG?HN? MCMN?G;M G?HIM >?M?HPIFPC>IM NL;TC>IM J?FIM JIPIM <XL<;LIM
CHP;MIL?M +I ILC?HN? ?HNL?N;HNI I Corpus Juris Civilis >? 'OMNCHC;HI KO?
=IH>?HMIO I !CL?CNI /IG;HI PCAILIO JIL NI>; ; &>;>? *]>C; ;N] ; CHP;M[I
NOL=;>? IHMN;HNCHIJF;
+; "OLIJ; ,=C>?HN;F H; FN; &>;>? *]>C; NL^M MCMN?G;M DOL_>C=IM

JI>C;G M?L L?=IHB?=C>IM I !CL?CNI /IG;HI >?=;>?HN? I !CL?CNI >IM JIPIM
A?LGZHC=IM =;F=;>I HIM =IMNOG?M ? ?G ;M=?HM[I ? I !CL?CNI ;HbHC=I KO?
MOLAC;N;G<]G=IGGOCN;@IL\;[704]
*;L=;P; I !CL?CNI >IM A?LGZHC=IM IM o'O_TIM >? !?OMp IO IL>XFCIM

KO? =IHMCMNC;G H; MO<GCMM[I >I MOMJ?CNI ; OG; JLIP; >? @IAI IO >? XAO;
M?GJL? =IG ; JL?MOH\[I >? KO? !?OM JLIN?A?LC; IM CHI=?HN?M ?RJ?=N;NCP;
; ?R?GJFI >I KO? ;=IHN?=?O G;CM ;>C;HN? H; &HKOCMC\[I ?L; >? KO? I N?GIL
JILM?L=OFJ;>IF?P;MM?Y=IH@CMM[I;HN?M>?M?;JFC=;L;JLIP;
JLCH=_JCI ; &AL?D; ;NaFC=; =IG<;N?O IM IL>XFCIM HI ?HN;HNI

;CH>; H; &>;>? *]>C; ;MMOGCO ?MM; JLXNC=; HI 1LC<OH;F >I 0;HNI ,@_=CI >;
&HKOCMC\[I IO MCGJF?MG?HN? ; &HKOCMC\[I =LC;>; ?G J?FI -;J;
$L?AaLCI&5 J?L>OL;H>I;N]IM]=OFI5&5
*;M ;HN?M >; &HKOCMC\[I =IGI >CNI ;=CG; I !CL?CNI ;HbHC=I DX M?

?H=IHNL;P; ?G ;M=?HM[I[705] +?G NI>;M ;M KO?MNd?M JIL]G ?L;G J;MM_
P?CM >? ;JFC=;\[I J?FI !CL?CNI ;HbHC=I KO? ?G @;M? ?G<LCIHXLC; NCHB; ;J?H
;M I =IH>[I >? =ILL?\[I CHN?LH; ;JFC=;H>I

M? MIG?HN? ;IM =F]LCAIM %;PC; ;F
AOG;M KO?MNd?M =CPCM ? =LCGCH;CM KO? ?L;G MO<G?NC>;M ;I DOFAI >I !CL?CNI
;HbHC=I ?R?L=C>I J?FI DOCT ?=F?MCXMNC=I I <CMJI[706] >GCNC;
M? I L?=OLMI
>I <CMJI J;L; I ;L=?<CMJI ? >?MN? J;L; I J;J; KO? DOFA;P; JIL CHN?LG]>CI >?
OG 0OJL?GI 1LC<OH;F ; /IN; KO? =?>?O FOA;L JIMN?LCILG?HN? YM IH
AL?A;\d?M M?H>I L?MN;<?F?=C>I JIL -CI 5 ?G MI< ; @ILG; >? 0OJL?GI

1LC<OH;F>; LCMN;H>;>?[707]

, MCMN?G; @?O>;F =IGI M? M;<? G;L=IO ; &>;>? *]>C; ?MJ?=C@C=;
G?HN? HIM M]=OFIM 5 5& ? 5&& ? >?F? >?=ILLC;G L?F;\d?M DOL_>C=;M >CP?LM;M
=;F=;>;MHIM=IMNOG?M GILG?HN?HIKO?=IHMCMN?YP;MM;F;A?G
+; ;CR; &>;>? *]>C; I !CL?CNI MI@L? M?HM_P?CM NL;HM@ILG;\d?M CHC
=C;H>I I !CL?CNI 2L<;HI KO;H>I ; HI\[I >? "MN;>I =IG?\;P; ; @ILG;L

M?
IG ?F? I !CL?CNI 2L<;HI MOLA? OG !CL?CNI G;CM L;=CIH;F I KO? L?JOFM; IM
IL>XFCIM ? IM >O?FIM DO>C=CXLCIM +?MM? J?L_I>I =IHMN;N;

M? N;G<]G I ?H
@L;KO?=CG?HNI >IM M?HBIL?M @?O>;CM ?G HIG? >? OG @ILN;F?=CG?HNI >I GIH
;L=; KO? J;MM; ; =IH=?HNL;L JI>?L?M H;M G[IM o+IM M]=OFIM 53& ? 53&& IM
L?CM=IH=?HNL;P;GNI>IMIMJI>?L?M?GMO;MG[IMp[708]
"G MOG; JICM H; &>;>? *]>C; I !CL?CNI ] G;L=;>I J?F; N?HN;NCP;

>? @ILN;F?=CG?HNI >; &AL?D; ? >I "MN;>I GOCNI <?G =;L;=N?LCT;>I J?F;
>IONLCH; JIF_NC=; >;M o>O;M ?MJ;>;Mp ; >; &AL?D; KO? =;JCN;H?;P; ; ?M@?L;
?MJCLCNO;F ? ; >I L?C KO? M? =CHAC; ;I JI>?L N?GJIL;F M?G KO? BIOP?MM? HI
?HN;HNI OG; JL?I=OJ;\[I ?MJ?=_@C=; =IG IM >CL?CNIM BOG;HIM ;I =IHNLXLCI
=IG ?R?GJFIM >? ?RNL?G; ;@LIHN; ; N;CM >CL?CNIM =IGI HI =;MI >I 0;HNI
,@_=CI
"MM? =IHN?RNI >; &>;>? *]>C; NI>;PC; >?P? @C=;L ;>MNLCNI Y "OLIJ;
IHNCH?HN;F M?G G;=OF;L ; CG;A?G >; &HAF;N?LL; KO? @IC ; JL?=OLMIL; I
<?L\I >IM >CL?CNIM BOG;HIM ?HN?H>C>IM =IGI OG MCMN?G; JLIN?NCPI ?G<IL;
=CL=OHM=LCNI ;I M?O N?LLCNaLCI I KO? M? G;HC@?MNIO JIL ?R?GJFI H; Magna
Carta Libertatum
+I KO? M? L?@?L? ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? Y L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >IM G?HIL?M
>? C>;>? I =LCN]LCI >I >CM=?LHCG?HNI CHC=C;>I =IGI PCMNI ;=CG; HI !CL?CNI
/IG;HI J?LMCMNCO JIL NI>I I J?L_I>I G?>C?P;F "MM? =?HXLCI MIG?HN? M?LX
;FN?L;>I =IG I ;>P?HNI >;M C>?C;M CFOGCHCMN;M KO? M?>CG?HN;L;G =LCN]LCIM
G;CMI<D?NCPIMJ;L;;L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I>IMG?HIL?M[709]
IGI ?R?GJFIM >?MM? J?L_I>I NIG?GIM I !CL?CNI $?LGZHC=I ? I

!CL?CNI ;HbHC=I

+I !CL?CNI $?LGZHC=I oI FCGCN? >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ?MN;P; @CR;>I

H; ?N;J; ?PIFONCP; >; JO<?L>;>? KO;M? M?GJL? ;IM ;HIM V P?L>;>? KO?
?MM? FCGCN? P;LC;P; M?AOH>I ;M =C>;>?M ? ;M ;MM?G<F?C;M >;M NLC<IM KO?
JI>?LC;G ;FN?LX
F; M?AOH>I IM =IMNOG?M -IL IONLI F;>I ?MN;H>I I G?HIL
MI< ; NON?F; >? M?O J;C ?L; ?MN? L?MJIHMXP?F J?FIM >;HIM JIL ?F? =;OM;>IM M
J?H;M >? GILN? ? >? GONCF;\[I N;G<]G H[I M? ;JFC=;P;G M?H>I =;<_P?F I
=;MNCAI =ILJIL;F ? OG; CH>?HCT;\[I =IGJ?HM;NaLC; @CR;>; J?FI DOCT =IH
@ILG?I=;MIp[710]
'X HI !CL?CNI ;HbHC=I IM =LCN]LCIM >I !CL?CNI /IG;HI @IL;G G;H
NC>IM ?G MO; G;CILC; IO M?D; ; oG?HILC>;>? =IHNCHO;P; ; M?L =;OM; >? CM
?H\[I >? J?H; IO >? MO; ;N?HO;\[I N] IM M?N? ;HIM I G?HIL ?L; =IHMC>
?L;>I CH@;HN? ? =IGI N;F AIT;P; >? NIN;F CLL?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F !IM M?N?
;IM >IT? ;HIM J;L; ;M GOFB?L?M ? >IM M?N? ;IM KO;NILT? J;L; IM BIG?HM ;
L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ?L; >OPC>IM; >?P?H>I I<?>?=?L ;I =LCN]LCI >I >CM=?LHC
G?HNI J;LNCL >?MM; C>;>? ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ?L; L?=IHB?=C>; G;M ; J?H;

?L; ;JFC=;>; >? @ILG; ;N?HO;>; +I J?L_I>I G?>C?P;F BIOP? OG; ?R
;=?L<;\[I >;M JOHC\d?M G?MGI IM G?HIL?M ?L;G JOHC>IM =IG AL;P?M J?H;M
=ILJIL;CM =IGI;>?J?H>OL;LI=ILJIJ?F;M;RCF;Mp[711]
"G MOG; ?MM? @IC I =?HXLCI P?LC@C=;>I H; &>;>? *]>C; HI KO? =IH
=?LH? Y L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >IM G?HIL?M DX B;P?H>I ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ;HXFCM?

>I BCMNaLC=I >; F?ACMF;\[I <L;MCF?CL; JILKO;HNI I !CL?CNI PCA?HN? H; "OLIJ;
;JILNIO?GN?LL;M<L;MCF?CL;MJ?F;M,L>?H;\d?M>I/?CHI
Os Cdigos Penais brasileiros M ,L>?H;\d?M >I /?CHI

;<L;HA?H>I ;CH>; I L;MCF IFbHC; CHC=C;L;G
M? =IG ;M ,L>?H;\d?M @IHMC
H;M M?AOCH>I =IG ;M ,L>?H;\d?M *;HO?FCH;M ? @CH;FG?HN?

=IG ;M ,L>?H;\d?M #CFCJCH;M J?L>OL;H>I ?MN; ;N] =IG ; ?H
NL;>;?GPCAIL>I a>CAI LCGCH;F>I&GJ]LCI
M ,L>?H;\d?M @IHMCH;M ? ;M *;HO?FCH;M H[I NLIOR?L;G CH
IP;\d?M G?MGI JILKO? ;M JLCG?CL;M =IHPCPC;G HI L;MCF =IG ;M HILG;M >I

!CL?CNI ;HbHC=I !?N?=N;
M? OG; >C@?L?H=C;\[I ?G L?F;\[I ;IM G?HIL?M HI
?HN;HNI >?M>? ;M ,L>?H;\d?M #CFCJCH;M o+I 1_NOFI 5553 >I )CPLI 3

?MN;<?F?=C;
M? qQuando os menores sero punidos por delictos, que fizerem
+; >C=\[I >; L?@?LC>; F?C M?LC;G JOHC>IM com a pena total ;KO?F?M KO?
NCP?MM?G G;CM >? PCHN? ? G?HIM >? PCHN? ? =CH=I ;HIM C>;>? >? G;CILC>;>?
JF?H; 0? HI ?HN;HNI NCP?MM? I ;ONIL >I @;NI ?HNL? >?T?MM?N? ? PCHN? ;HIM
@C=;LC; ;I ;L<_NLCI >I DOFA;>IL >;L
FB? ; J?H; NIN;F IO >CGCHO_
F; -;L; N;HNI
>?P?LC; I DOCT IFB;L I GI>I =IGI @IC =IG?NC>I I >?FCNI MO;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M
<?G =IGI ; J?MMI; >I G?HIL -I>?LC; JICM >;L ; J?H; NIN;F IO ; J?H; GCNC
A;>;p[712]
+I KO? =IH=?LH? YM F?ACMF;\d?M A?HOCH;G?HN? <L;MCF?CL;M 0]LACI

0B?=;CL; >CPC>? IM J?L_I>IM BCMNaLC=IM ?G NL^M ?N;J;M ?N;J; J?H;F CH>C@?L?H
=C;>; ?N;J; NON?F;L ? ?N;J; A;L;HNCMN; JLCG?CL; ?N;J; =;L;=N?LCT;

M? JIL
o=IHMC>?L;L IM G?HIL?M >? C>;>? JL;NC=;G?HN? >; G?MG; @ILG; KO? IM ;>OF
NIM @CR;H>I J?H;M ;N?HO;>;M ? GCMNOL;H>I HIM =XL=?L?M ;>OFNIM ? G?HIL?M

H; G;CM ;<MIFON; JLIGCM=OC>;>?p[713] ?N;J; NON?F;L ] G;L=;>; JIL OG;
M?J;L;\[I =IG ; =LC;\[I >? CHMNCNOC\d?M JLaJLC;M J;L; I ;=IFBCG?HNI >?

G?HIL?M <?G =IGI J?F; LINOF;\[I ? =F;MMC@C=;\[I >?MM;M J?MMI;M =IGI
oG?HIL?M ?G MCNO;\[I CLL?AOF;Lp H[I M? >CMNCHAOCH>I JIL IONLI F;>I ?HNL?
IM G?HIL?M =;L?=?>IL?M >? ;MMCMN^H=C; >I "MN;>I >;KO?F?M =;L?=?>IL?M >?

=ILL?\[I ?G @;=? >I ?HPIFPCG?HNI =IG ; >?FCHKO^H=C; DOP?HCF[714] -IL
@CG H; ?N;J; A;L;HNCMN; ;F]G >; G;HON?H\[I >; M?J;L;\[I >? CHMNCNOC\d?M
;=IFB?>IL;M >? G?HIL?M JLI=?>?
M? Y >C@?L?H=C;\[I ?HNL? >?FCHKO?HN?M DO
P?HCM ? G?HIL?M =;L?=?>IL?M >? ;MMCMN^H=C; MO<MNCNOCH>I

M? ; oMCNO;\[I CLL?A
OF;Lp J?F; oJLIN?\[I CHN?AL;Fp JLCILCT;H>I

M? ?RNL?G;G?HN? IM CHN?L?MM?M >;
=LC;H\;?>I;>IF?M=?HN?[715]
+I ?MNO>I >IM a>CAIM -?H;CM =IGOHM HIMMI JLIJaMCNI H?MN?

JIHNI @LCM?
M? DX >? CH_=CI KO? ;M IHMNCNOC\d?M ;HN?LCIL?M Y o IHMNCNOC\[I
C>;>[p >? H[I P?LM;L;G MI<L? ; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F L;T[I JIL KO? ;
G;N]LC; @C=;P; ; =;LAI ;J?H;M >; F?ACMF;\[I CH@L;=IHMNCNO=CIH;F C ? IM a>C
AIM-?H;CMKO?NCP?L;G>C@?L?HN?M=IH=?J\d?M;=?L=;>IN?G;
, a>CAI LCGCH;F >I &GJ]LCI CHC=C;H>I HIMMI ?MNO>I ?PIFONCPI @IC
CHIP;>IL ;I ?MN;<?F?=?L OG; C>;>? G_HCG; J;L; ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >I G?H
IL @CR;H>I ?G M?O ;LN KO? H[I B;P?LC; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J;L; IM

G?HIL?M >? ;HIM M;FPI M? >?GIHMNL;MM?G N?L >CM=?LHCG?HNI KO;H>I

M?LC;G ?H=;GCHB;>IM J;L; ;M =;M;M >? =ILL?\[I J?FI N?GJI KO? I DOCT =IH
MC>?L;MM? L;TIXP?F M?G KO? M? OFNL;J;MM;MM? ; C>;>? >? ;HIM #CRIO

M? ;M
MCG OG; >IONLCH; >I >CM=?LHCG?HNI M?AOH>I ; KO;F H[I B;PC; ; ?F?C\[I >?
=LCN]LCIM I<D?NCPIM JOLIM J;L; ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >? G?HIL?M G;M ; J?L
G?;\[I >? ;P;FC;\d?M JMC=IFaAC=;M MO<D?NCP;M ; CH@FO?H=C;L H; L?MJIHM;<CFCT
;\[I -;L; IM G;CIL?M >? ? G?HIL?M >? JI>?LC;G M?L CGJIMN;M M? J;L?
=?MM? DOMNI ;I DOCT CGJIL ;M oJ?H;M >; =OGJFC=C>;>?p[716] 3;F? ;MMCH;F;L

KO? ;M =B;G;>;M o=;M;M >? =ILL?\[Ip H[I @IL;G =IHMNLO_>;M I KO? =IFI=; I
a>CAI LCGCH;F >I &GJ]LCI H; ?N;J; >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? CH>C@?L?H=C;>;
=IH@ILG?;=F;MMC@C=;\[I;=CG;JLIJIMN;
, a>CAI -?H;F >? CHAL?MM;H>I HI J?L_I>I L?JO<FC=;HI
@CR;P; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J?H;F ;=CG; >IM ;HIM >?M>?
KO? BIOP?MM? =;J;=C>;>? JMC=IFaAC=; ;>IN;H>I ;MMCG OG =LCN]LCI
<CIJMC=IFaAC=I >?HNLI>?OG;>IONLCH;>I>CM=?LHCG?HNI
+; ]JI=; JL?PC;
M? J;L; IM G?HIL?M >? ? G;CIL?M >? ;HIM KO?
;ACMM?G =IG >CM=?LHCG?HNI ; CHN?LH;\[I ?G ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI >CM=CJFCH;L CH
>OMNLC;F KO? N;G<]G H[I @IC CGJF;HN;>I J?FI -I>?L -e<FC=I I KO? =F;MMC@C=;
I a>CAI -?H;F >? =IGI OG; F?ACMF;\[I JL?M?HN? H; ?N;J; >; L?
MJIHM;<CFCT;\[ICH>C@?L?H=C;>;
2G G;L=I CGJILN;HN? H?MM; ?PIFO\[I @IC I MOLACG?HNI ?G
>I JLCG?CLI 'OCT;>I >? *?HIL?M >I L;MCF KO? N?P? =IGI NCNOF;L I *;ACM
NL;>I 'IM] ZH>C>I FOKO?LKO? *?FFI *;NIM =LC;H>I

M? N;G<]G OG ;<LCAI
J;L; G?HIL?M CH@L;NIL?M ? ;<;H>IH;>IM =IG ; >OJF; @CH;FC>;>? >? ;=IFBC
G?HNI ? >? L??>O=;\[I HIP; L?;FC>;>? ?HM?DIO PXLC;M =L_NC=;M ? >?<;N?M

=OFGCH;H>I ;HIM G;CM N;L>? =IG ; ?>C\[I >I o a>CAI *?FFI *;NIMp I
a>CAI >? *?HIL?M NL;TC>I ;I IL>?H;G?HNI J?FI !?=L?NI H
>?
>?IONO<LI>?
+?MM? =IHN?RNI M[I C>?;FCT;>;M ;M IHMIFC>;\d?M >;M )?CM -?H;CM >?

KO? L?JLI>OTCL;G I ;LN >I o a>CAI *?FFI *;NIMp ?F?P;H>I ;
G;CILC>;>? J?H;F J;L; ;HIM ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? ?G M?O ;LN IJN;H>I JIL

OG =LCN]LCI <CIFaAC=I ;<;H>IH;H>I I =LCN]LCI >I >CM=?LHCG?HNI J;L; ;

>?@CHC\[I >; CHCGJON;<CFC>;>? >IM G?HIL?M >? ;HIM , o a>CAI *?FFI *;
NIMp CH;OAOLIO ; ?N;J; NON?F;L I KO? I<PC;G?HN? CH?<LC; N;G<]G ; F?ACM
F;\[IJ?H;F MOJ?L;H>I;?N;J;CH>C@?L?H=C;>;
CH>; H?MM; ?N;J; MOLA? I a>CAI -?H;F >? KO? ?G MO; -;LN?
$?L;F ILCACH;F MI? KO? H[I =OC>;LC; >IM CG;NOLIM oM?
H[I J;L; >?=F;LX

FIM CHN?CL; ? CLL?MNLCN;G?HN? @IL; >I >CL?CNI J?H;F ;LN
MOD?CNIM ;J?H;M Y J?>;AIAC; =ILL?NCP; >? F?ACMF;\[I ?MJ?=C;Fp[717] MC= IJ
NIO J?F; >?@CHC\[I >? G;CILC>;>? J?H;F MIIM
;HIM>?C>;>? N;G<]G;@;MN;H>I JILN;HNI ;>IONLCH;>I>CM=?LHCG?HNI
IGI <?G M? M;<? HI ;HI >? G;CM JL?=CM;G?HN? ?G >? IO
NO<LI DOHN;G?HN? =IG I ;NO;F a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L !?=

)?C H
MOLACO HI OHCP?LMI DOL_>C=I I HIPI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG !?=
)?C H
KO? N?P? MO; ?HNL;>; ?G PCAIL JIMN?LA;>; ? @IC L?PIA;>I ;HN?M KO?
JO>?MM? PCA?L -IL ?MM; L;T[I ] =IHB?=C>I =IGI I oH;NCGILNI a>CAI -?H;F
>? p +?MM? >CJFIG; CHC=C;FG?HN? ; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F >;P;
M? ;JaM IM
;HIM >?M>? KO? BIOP?MM? ?HN?H>CG?HNI >; CFC=CNO>? >; =IH>ON; =LCN]LCI
<CIJMC=IFaAC=I ;NL?F;>I ;I =LCN]LCI >I >CM=?LHCG?HNI +I ?HN;HNI ; L?>;\[I
>I L?@?LC>I >CJFIG; @IC ;FN?L;>; J?F; )?C H >? >? >?T?G<LI >?
L?NILH;H>I ; OG; =IH=?J\[I ;@;MN;>; >I =LCN]LCI >I >CM=?LHCG?HNI ?
J;MMIO ; >CMJIL KO? IM G?HIL?M >? ;HIM ?L;G J?H;FG?HN? CHCGJONXP?CM ?
MOD?CNIM YM G?>C>;M ?>O=;NCP;M =OL;NCP;M IO >CM=CJFCH;L?M >?N?LGCH;>;M ?G
F?CM?MJ?=C;CM;LNM?>I ->?.
"G MOLA? HI =?HXLCI ; )?C H CH;OAOL;H>I OG HIPI

GIG?HNI >; ?N;J; NON?F;L 1L;N;
M? >I HIPI a>CAI >? *?HIL?M o IGI
?L; I ;HI CHN?LH;=CIH;F >; =LC;H\; I F?ACMF;>IL @IC ;=OM;>I >? N?L ?F;<IL;>I ;
HIP; F?C >? ;@IA;>CFBI ;J?H;M J;L; ;N?H>?L Y >;N; =IG?GIL;NCP; , =?LNI ]
KO? I a>CAI >? *?HIL?M >? H[I GO>;P; ; ?MM^H=C; >I JLI<F?G;
G;HN?H>I ; >IONLCH; >; MCNO;\[I CLL?AOF;L HIG? ILCOH>I >; )?ACMF;\[I
"MJ;HBIF;>?p[718]

CH>; MI< ; ]AC>? >I a>CAI >? *?HIL?M BIOP? ; L?@ILG; >; -;LN?
$?L;F >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG NL;TC>; J?F; )?C H KO? G;HN?P? I
=LCN]LCI JOL;G?HN? <CIFaAC=I J;L; ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >IM G?HIL?M >?
;HIM =LCN]LCI;NO;F =IH@ILG?;HIN;>I;=CG;
IG ;
IHMNCNOC\[I >? HI ?HN;HNI CH;OAOL;

M? OG; HIP;
@;M? ; ?N;J; A;L;HNCMN; KO? ] JIMN?LCILG?HN? L?AOF;G?HN;>; J?FI "MN;NONI
>; LC;H\; ? >I >IF?M=?HN? )?C H CH@FO^H=C; J;L; ?MM; HIP;

;<IL>;A?G P?G >IM >CP?LMIM CHMNLOG?HNIM CHN?LH;=CIH;CM =IGI ;F]G
>;KO?F?M L?@?L?HN?M ;IM >CL?CNIM BOG;HIM ; !?=F;L;\[I 2HCP?LM;F >IM !CL?CN
IM >I %IG?G ? I -;=NI &HN?LH;=CIH;F >IM !CL?CNIM CPCM ? -IF_NC=IM ; !?
=F;L;\[I >IM !CL?CNIM >; LC;H\; >? ;M /?AL;M *_HCG;M >;M +;\d?M
2HC>;M J;L; ; >GCHCMNL;\[I >; 'OMNC\; >; &H@ZH=C; ? >; 'OP?HNO>? >?
o/?AL;M >? ?CDCHAp ; IHP?H\[I MI<L? IM !CL?CNIM >; LC;H\; >? ;M
!CL?NLCT?M >;M +;\d?M 2HC>;M J;L; ; -L?P?H\[I >; !?FCHKO^H=C; 'OP?HCF >?
o!CL?NLCT?M >? /C;>p ? ;M /?AL;M *_HCG;M >;M +;\d?M 2HC>;M J;L; ;
-LIN?\[I>IM'IP?HM-LCP;>IM>?)C<?L>;>? >? o/?AL;M>?1aKOCIp
-IL ?MM; HIP; P?LN?HN? IM CHN?L?MM?M >; =LC;H\; ? >I ;>IF?M=?HN?
A;HB;G JLCILC>;>? ;<MIFON; >?CR;H>I ; >IONLCH; >; MCNO;\[I CLL?AOF;L J;L;
CHAL?MM;L H; >IONLCH; >; JLIN?\[I CHN?AL;F F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F >?P?
M? HIN;L
H[I @IC ;FN?L;>; J?F; HIP; L?;FC>;>? NL;TC>; J?FI "MN;NONI >; LC;H\; ? >I
>IF?M=?HN? G;M M?G >ePC>; ;FAOG; G;NCT; =IG @I=I H; IHMNCNOC\[I
#?>?L;F m @LCM?
M? HIP;G?HN? ; JLCG?CL; ; NL;N;L >; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F m ?M
J?=C@C=;G?HN? I 1_NOFI 3&&& HIM ;LNM ; NI>; ? KO;FKO?L CHN?L
JL?N;\[I KO? M? KO?CL; >;L Y ;JFC=;\[I >;M HILG;M >? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I ;IM
G?HIL?M>?;HIM
Evoluo histrica da responsabilizao criminal militar
juvenil &HAL?MM;L?GIM ;AIL; HI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L CHC=C;H>I JIL OG;

?PIFO\[I BCMNaLC=; MI< ; JL?GCMM; >? KO? ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >I G?HIL >?
C>;>? H[I =IHNCHB; JL?PCM[I HI JF;HI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F =IGI ;=CG; DX
CH>C=;>I

&HC=C;FG?HN? J;L; I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L HI L;MCF =IGI DX >CM
JOM?GIM ;I NL;N;L >? M?O ?M=IL\I BCMNaLC=I PCA?L;G DOHNI =IG ;M ,L>?
H;\d?M #CFCJCH;M IM LNCAIM >? $O?LL; >I IH>? >? )CJJ? KO? PCAIL;L;G HI
L;MCF ;N] @CH;F >I M]=OFI 5&5 =IG I MOLACG?HNI >I a>CAI -?H;F >; L
G;>; /?@?LC>IM LNCAIM MOLACL;G ?G PCLNO>? >; L??MNLONOL;\[I >I "R]L=CNI

JILNOAO^M HI M]=OFI 53&&& F?P;>; ; ?@?CNI JIL 4CFB?FG )CJJ? IH>? >?
0=B;OG<IOLA I@C=C;F ;F?G[I ;FCMN;>I H; *;LCHB; CHAF?M; ? JLI@OH>I =IH
B?=?>IL >? ;LNCFB;LC; KO? @IC =IHPC>;>I J?FI /?C ! 'IM] & >? -ILNOA;F J;L;
; ?GJL?CN;>;[719] "G P?L>;>? IM =CN;>IM LNCAIM M[I @L;AG?HNIM >? OG
L?AOF;G?HNI G;CM ;<L;HA?HN? KO? MOLACL; JIL I=;MC[I >; L?ILA;HCT;\[I
?H=IHNL;H>I
M?IM>CMJIMCNCPIM?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN?HIM ;J_NOFIM?
1IG?GIM ?HN[I =IGI G;L=I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L L?JO<FC=;HI

I a>CAI -?H;F >; LG;>; !?= H >?

MO<MNCNO_>I J?FI HIPI
>CJFIG; I !?= H >?

;MMCH;>I J?FI ?HN[I *CHCMNLI >; *;LCHB;
I IHNL;
FGCL;HN? #ILNOH;NI #IMN?L 3C>;F KO? JbM N?LGI ;IM MOJL;=CN;>IM
LNCAIM >? $O?LL; I KO;F ;JFC=IO
M? CHC=C;FG?HN? Y LG;>; ? H; M?KO^H=C;
;I "R]L=CNI +;=CIH;F )?C H >?

? Y #IL\; ]L?; !?=
)?C H
>?

+I N?RNI >I a>CAI -?H;F >; LG;>; I >CJFIG; >? J;L; ;
L?AL; A?L;F >? CGJON;<CFC>;>? J?L=?<?
M? ; N?H>^H=C; ; OG =LCN]LCI
<CIJMC=IFaAC=I AL;@;>I HI ;LN KO? >CMJOHB; KO? IM oCH>CP_>OIM CM?HNIM
>? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?G L?MOFN;>I >? ;@?=N;\[I G?HN;F M?L[I ?HNL?AO?M YM MO;M
@;G_FC;M IO L?=IFBC>IM ; BIMJCN;F >? ;FC?H;>IM M? I M?O ?MN;>I G?HN;F I ?RCACL
J;L;;M?AOL;H\;>IJe<FC=Ip.
+I KO? M? L?@?L? Y G;CILC>;>? J?H;F @IC @CR;>; ;IM ;HIM =LCN]LCI
<CIFaAC=I B;P?H>I OG CHN?LP;FI ?G KO? M? ;>IN;P; I =LCN]LCI <CIJMC=IFaAC=I
=IG ?H@IKO? H; N?ILC; >I >CM=?LHCG?HNI >IM ;HIM ;IM IHNO>I =IGI
=IHM?KO^H=C;M >; JLXNC=; =LCGCHIM; JIL G?HIL >? ;HIM ;J?H;M B;P?LC;
M;H\d?M >CM=CJFCH;L?M ?G ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI JLaJLCI o?MN;<?F?=CG?HNIM >CM
=CJFCH;L?Mp ? H[I ; ;JFC=;\[I >;M J?H;M AL;@;>;M HI a>CAI -?H;F >;

LG;>;

/?MM;FN?
M? KO? =IGI DX G?H=CIH;>I ;=?L=; >;M ;M;M >? ILL?\[I
? >I "MN;<?F?=CG?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L &H>OMNLC;F L?@?LC>IM HI a>CAI LCGCH;F >I
&GJ]LCI ? HI JLCG?CLI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG L?JO<FC=;HI H[I M? N?G HIN_=C;
H?MM; ]JI=; >? OG ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI >CM=CJFCH;L ?MJ?=_@C=I =;L;=N?LCT;H>I
M?
?G OG; @;M? CH>C@?L?H=C;>; HI KO? =IH=?LH? Y ;=IGI>;\[I >I G?HIL CH@L;N
IL>;F?CJ?H;FGCFCN;L
, a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L >? !?=
)?C H >?

KO? MO=?>?O ;I a>CAI -?H;F >; LG;>; >?@CHC; ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? L?AL;
A?L;F MI?
J?H; KO?G JIL >I?H\; G?HN;F IO >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI G?HN;F CH=IGJF?NI IO
L?N;L>;>I ?L; ;I N?GJI >; ;\[I IO >; IGCMM[I CHN?CL;G?HN? CH=;J;T >? ?H
N?H>?L I =;LXN?L =LCGCHIMI >I @;NI IO >? >?N?LGCH;L

M? >? ;=IL>I =IG ?MM?
?HN?H>CG?HNIp. -L?PC; ;CH>; I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I KO? o; J?H; JI>? M?L L?>OT
C>; >? OG ; >ICM N?L\IM M? I ;A?HN? ?G PCLNO>? >? J?LNOL<;\[I >? M;e>?
G?HN;F IO JIL >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI G?HN;F CH=IGJF?NI IO L?N;L>;>I H[I JIM
MO_; ;I N?GJI >; ;\[I IO >; IGCMM[I ; JF?H; =;J;=C>;>? >? ?HN?H>?L I
=;LXN?L =LCGCHIMI >I @;NI IO >? >?N?LGCH;L
M? >? ;=IL>I =IG ?MM?
?HN?H>CG?HNIp
G;CILC>;>? J?H;F HOG; ?N;J; NON?F;L MI< ; ]AC>? >I o a>CAI

*?FFI *;NIMp >? @IC @CR;>; J?FI >CJFIG; ?G @I=I ;=CG; >IM ;HIM ?
;=IFBC; I =LCN]LCI <CIFaAC=I ;@;MN;H>I
M? >I =LCN]LCI >I >CM=?LHCG?HNI HIM
N?LGIM >I ;LN KO? >CMJOHB; KO? IM oG?HIL?M >? >?TICNI ;HIM M[I J?H;F
G?HN? CLL?MJIHMXP?CM @C=;H>I MOD?CNIM YM HILG;M ?MN;<?F?=C>;M H; F?ACMF;\[I

?MJ?=C;Fp.
1I>;PC; J;L; IM GCFCN;L?M ? ;MM?G?FB;>IM B;PC; OG; ?KOCJ;L;\[I ;

G;CIL >? ;HIM ;CH>; KO? H[I NCP?MM?G ;NCHAC>I ?MM; C>;>? =IH@ILG? I
J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LNCAI MOJL;=CN;>I "MM; @IC OG; CGJILN;HN? >CMNCH\[I ?G
L?F;\[I ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG KO? H[I JL?PC; N;F JIMMC<CFC>;>? >?
?KOCJ;L;\[I

/?MM;FN?
M? KO? H?MM; ?N;J; NON?F;L HOG; JLCG?CL; @;M? @IL;G =LC;
>;M CHMNCNOC\d?M ?MJ?=_@C=;M G;M MI< ; >IONLCH; >; MCNO;\[I CLL?AOF;L H[I
>C@?L?H=C;H>IIG?HILCH@L;NIL>I;<;H>IH;>I
+I ;NO;F a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L !?=

)?C H >?

;
L?AL; A?L;F H; >?@CHC\[I >; CGJON;<CFC>;>? =IGI PCGIM ;>IN; I =LCN]LCI
<CIJMC=IFaAC=I =IH@ILG? >CMJd? I ;LN ;I P?LM;L KO? H[I ] oCGJONXP?F
KO?G HI GIG?HNI >; ;\[I IO >; IGCMM[I H[I JIMMOC ; =;J;=C>;>? >? ?H
N?H>?L I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I @;NI IO >? >?N?LGCH;L

M? >? ;=IL>I =IG ?MM? ?H
N?H>CG?HNI ?G PCLNO>? >? >I?H\; G?HN;F >? >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI G?HN;F CH
=IGJF?NI IO L?N;L>;>Ip. +I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I L?@?LC>I >CMJIMCNCPI JL?PCO
M? ; M?GC
CGJON;<CFC>;>? @CLG;H>I
M? KO? M? o; >I?H\; IO ; >?@C=C^H=C;
G?HN;F H[I MOJLCG? G;M >CGCHOC =IHMC>?L;P?FG?HN? ; =;J;=C>;>? >? ?H
N?H>CG?HNI >; CFC=CNO>? >I @;NI IO ; >? ;ONI>?N?LGCH;\[I H[I @C=; ?R=FO_>; ;
CGJON;<CFC>;>? G;M ; J?H; JI>? M?L ;N?HO;>;[720] M?G JL?DO_TI >I >CM
JIMNIHI;LNp.
G;CILC>;>? J?H;F ;CH>; ?G OG; ?N;J; NON?F;L G;L=;>; J?FI
o a>CAI *?FFI *;NIMp @IC @CR;>; ;=CG; >IM ;HIM M?AOCH>I N;G<]G I
=LCN]LCI <CIJMC=IFaAC=I J;L; IM G;CIL?M >? ? G?HIL?M >? ;>IN;H>I
M? I
=LCN]LCI >I >CM=?LHCG?HNI ? I =LCN]LCI <CIFaAC=I J;L; IM G?HIL?M >? ;HIM
J?FI >CMJIMNI HI ;LN in verbis o, G?HIL >? >?TICNI ;HIM ] CHCGJONXP?F
M;FPI M? DX N?H>I =IGJF?N;>I >?T?MM?CM ;HIM L?P?F; MO@C=C?HN? >?M?HPIFPC
G?HNI JM_KOC=I J;L; ?HN?H>?L I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I @;NI ? >?N?LGCH;L

M? >?
;=IL>I =IG ?MN? ?HN?H>CG?HNI +?MN? =;MI ; J?H; ;JFC=XP?F ] >CGCHO_>; >?
OGN?L\I;N];G?N;>?p
!? ;=IL>I =IG ; L?>;\[I ;=CG; JI>?GIM ?HN?H>?L KO? IM G?HIL?M
>? G;CIL?M>? JIMMO?GM?GC
CGJON;<CFC>;>?
"MM; JL?PCM[I HI ?HN;HNI H[I M? ;JFC=; ;IM G?HIL?M >? ;HIM KO?
M?D;G GCFCN;L?M =IHPI=;>IM IM KO? M? ;JL?M?HN;G J;L; ; CH=ILJIL;\[I ? IM
KO? >CMJ?HM;>IM N?GJIL;LC;G?HN? >?MN; >?CR;G >? M? ;JL?M?HN;L ;JaM I
JL;TI >? FC=?H=C;G?HNI IO ;FOHIM >? ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNIM >? ?HMCHI MI< >CM=CJ
FCH; GCFCN;L JILKO;HNI M[I ?F?M ; ?R?GJFI >I KO? I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L >?

@;TC; J;L; GCFCN;L?M ? ;MM?G?FB;>IM ?KOCJ;L;>IM ; G;CIL?M >? ;HIM

M?AOH>II>CMJIMNIHI;LN>I;NO;F a>CAI-?H;F ;MNL?HM?
-?F; L?>;\[I >I =CN;>I ;LNCAI N?G

M? ; CGJL?MM[I >? KO? ;M J?MMI;M
H?F? =CN;>;M m I GCFCN;L IM =IHPI=;>IM ?N= m ; KO;FKO?L C>;>? M[I
?KOCJ;L;>IM ; G;CIL >? ;HIM JIL]G ?G OG; CHP?MNCA;\[I G;CM ;GCe>?
P?LC@C=;L?GIM KO? MCMN?G;NC=;G?HN? ; ?KOCJ;L;\[I ;JFC=;
M? ;J?H;M ;IM
G;CIL?M >? ;HIM ,M ;ONIL?M ;KO]G >IM ;HIM CH=IGJF?NIM M[I H; PCM[I
>I -* CHCGJONXP?CM ?MN;H>I MOD?CNIM Y F?ACMF;\[I ?MJ?=C;F =LCN]LCI
<CIFaAC=I
?MM; =IH=FOM[I =B?A;GIM ;JaM ; ;HXFCM? >I ;LN >I -* KO?
>CMJd? KO? IM oG?HIL?M >? >?T?MM?CM ;HIM <?G =IGI IM G?HIL?M >? >?TICNI
? G;CIL?M >? >?T?MM?CM CHCGJONXP?CM @C=;G MOD?CNIM YM G?>C>;M ?>O=;NCP;M
=OL;NCP;MIO>CM=CJFCH;L?M>?N?LGCH;>;M?GF?ACMF;\[I?MJ?=C;Fp.
F;L;G?HN? I ;LN ;JFC=;

M? N;HNI ;IM MOD?CNIM >?@CHC>IM HI ;LN
m =CPCM m =IGI YKO?F?M >?@CHC>IM HI ;LN m IM =IHPI=;>IM ? IM ;FOHIM >?
?MN;<?F?=CG?HNIM >? ?HMCHI MI< >CM=CJFCH; GCFCN;L m @CLG;H>I KO? I G?HIL >?
]J?H;FG?HN?CHCGJONXP?F
!?MM; @ILG; JI>?L_;GIM ;MM?HN;L >? ;=IL>I =IG ; FCN?L;FC>;>? >I
-* ;MM?AOCHN?ML?AL;M
; -;L; IM =CPCM ;ONIL?M >? @;NIM >?M=LCNIM =IGI =LCG? HI -* m IM

G?HIL?M >? ;HIM M[I J?H;FG?HN? CHCGJONXP?CM ;>I\[I >I =LCN]LCI <CIFa
AC=I =IH@ILG? IM ;LNM ? >I -* IM G;CIL?M >? ? G?HIL?M >?

;HIM M[I M?GC
CGJONXP?CM >?M>? KO? L?P?F?G oMO@C=C?HN? >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI
JM_KOC=I J;L; ?HN?H>?L I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I @;NI ? >?N?LGCH;L
M? >? ;=IL>I
=IG ?MN? ?HN?H>CG?HNIp =LCN]LCI <CIJMC=IFaAC=I ;>IN;H>I

M? I >CM=?LHC
G?HNI =IGI @I=I >; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I IM G;CIL?M >? ;HIM M[I J?H;F
G?HN? CGJONXP?CM >?M>? KO? H[I M?D;G HI GIG?HNI >; ;\[I IO >; IGCM
M[I ;=IG?NC>IM >? >I?H\; G?HN;F >? >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI G?HN;F CH=IGJF?NI

IO L?N;L>;>I KO? FB? MOJLCG;G ; =;J;=C>;>? >? ?HN?H>?L I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I
@;NI IO >? >?N?LGCH;L
M? >? ;=IL>I =IG ?MM? ?HN?H>CG?HNI =LCN]LCI
<CIJMC=IFaAC=I ?RJL?MMIHI;LN>I -*=IGIL?AL;A?L;F

-;L; IM GCFCN;L?M ;ONIL?M >? @;NIM >?M=LCNIM =IGI =LCG? HI -*

m IM G?HIL?M >? ;HIM M[I J?H;FG?HN? CHCGJONXP?CM ;>I\[I >? =LCN]LCI
<CIFaAC=I =IH@ILG? I ;LN >I -* IM G;CIL?M >? ? G?HIL?M >?
;HIM M[I CGJONXP?CM JIL ?KOCJ;L;\[I ; G;CIL?M >? ;HIM ;LN a >I
-* ;@;MN;H>I
M? I =LCN]LCI >I >CM=?LHCG?HNI >?M>? KO? H[I M?D;G HI
GIG?HNI >; ;\[I IO >; IGCMM[I ;=IG?NC>IM >? >I?H\; G?HN;F >? >?M?H
PIFPCG?HNI G?HN;F CH=IGJF?NI IO L?N;L>;>I KO? FB? MOJLCG;G ; =;J;=C>;>?

;
>? ?HN?H>?L I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I @;NI IO >? >?N?LGCH;L

M? >? ;=IL>I =IG ?MM?
?HN?H>CG?HNI =LCN]LCI <CIJMC=IFaAC=I ?RJL?MMI HI ;LN >I -* =IGI L?
AL; A?L;F IM G;CIL?M >? ;HIM M[I J?H;FG?HN? CGJONXP?CM >?M>? KO? H[I
M?D;G HI GIG?HNI >; ;\[I IO >; IGCMM[I ;=IG?NC>IM >? >I?H\; G?HN;F >?
>?M?HPIFPCG?HNI G?HN;F CH=IGJF?NI IO L?N;L>;>I KO? FB? MOJLCG;G ; =;J;
=C>;>? >? ?HN?H>?L I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I @;NI IO >? >?N?LGCH;L

M? >? ;=IL>I
=IG ?MM? ?HN?H>CG?HNI =LCN]LCI <CIJMC=IFaAC=I ?RJL?MMI HI ;LN >I -*
=IGIL?AL;A?L;F
; -;L; IM =IHPI=;>IM IM KO? M? ;JL?M?HN;G J;L; ; CH=ILJIL;\[I

? IM KO? >CMJ?HM;>IM N?GJIL;LC;G?HN? >?MN; >?CR;G >? M? ;JL?M?HN;L ;JaM
I JL;TI >? FC=?H=C;G?HNI ;ONIL?M >? @;NIM >?M=LCNIM =IGI =LCG? HI -* m

IM G?HIL?M >? ;HIM M[I J?H;FG?HN? CHCGJONXP?CM ;>I\[I >I =LCN]LCI <CI
FaAC=I =IH@ILG? I ;LN >I -* IM G;CIL?M >? ? G?HIL?M >? ;HIM
M[I CGJONXP?CM JIL ?KOCJ;L;\[I ; G;CIL?M >? ;HIM ;LN b >I -*
;@;MN;H>I
M? I =LCN]LCI >I >CM=?LHCG?HNI >?M>? KO? H[I M?D;G HI GIG?HNI
>; ;\[I IO >; IGCMM[I ;=IG?NC>IM >? >I?H\; G?HN;F >? >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI
G?HN;F CH=IGJF?NI IO L?N;L>;>I KO? FB? MOJLCG;G ; =;J;=C>;>? >? ?HN?H>?L
I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I @;NI IO >? >?N?LGCH;L
M? >? ;=IL>I =IG ?MM? ?HN?H>C
G?HNI =LCN]LCI <CIJMC=IFaAC=I ?RJL?MMI HI ;LN >I -* =IGI L?AL; A?L
;F IM G;CIL?M >? ;HIM M[I J?H;FG?HN? CGJONXP?CM >?M>? KO? H[I M?D;G
HI GIG?HNI >; ;\[I IO >; IGCMM[I ;=IG?NC>IM >? >I?H\; G?HN;F >?
>?M?HPIFPCG?HNI G?HN;F CH=IGJF?NI IO L?N;L>;>I KO? FB? MOJLCG;G ; =;J;
=C>;>? >? ?HN?H>?L I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I @;NI IO >? >?N?LGCH;L

M? >? ;=IL>I
=IG ?MM? ?HN?H>CG?HNI =LCN]LCI <CIJMC=IFaAC=I ?RJL?MMI HI ;LN >I -*
=IGI L?AL; A?L;F =IGI ?R?GJFIM >? G?HIL?M >? ;HIM HIM =;MIM =CN;>IM
JI>?GIM ?HOG?L;L I PIFOHNXLCI J;L; I M?LPC\I GCFCN;L CHC=C;F KO? JI>?

=IGI F?G<L; 'ILA? ]M;L >? MMCM ;FCMN;L

M? ; J;LNCL >IM ;HIM >? C>;>?
G?>C;HN? ;ONILCT;\[I >I IG;H>;HN? >? =;>; #IL\; HIM N?LGIM >IM ;LNM
? >I !?=L?NI H >? >? DOHBI >? KO? L?AOF;G?HN; ; )?C
>I0?LPC\I*CFCN;L)?CH >?

[721]
; -;L; IM ;FOHIM >? =IF]ACIM MI< >CM=CJFCH; GCFCN;L ;ONIL?M >? @;
NIM >?M=LCNIM =IGI =LCG? HI -* m IM G?HIL?M >? ;HIM M[I J?H;FG?HN?
CHCGJONXP?CM ;>I\[I >I =LCN]LCI <CIFaAC=I =IH@ILG? I ;LN >I -* IM

G;CIL?M >? ? G?HIL?M >? ;HIM ?MN;LC;G MOD?CNIM YM L?AL;M >; M?GC
CG
JON;<CFC>;>? >I ;LN IO M?D; JI>?G M?L L?MJIHM;<CFCT;>IM J?H;FG?HN?

=IG OG; J?H; L?>OTC>; >?M>? KO? L?P?F?G oMO@C=C?HN? >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI
JM_KOC=I J;L; ?HN?H>?L I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I @;NI ? >?N?LGCH;L
M? >? ;=IL>I
=IG ?MM? ?HN?H>CG?HNIp =LCN]LCI <CIJMC=IFaAC=I IM G;CIL?M >? ?

G?HIL?M >? ;HIM M[I CGJONXP?CM JIL ?KOCJ;L;\[I ; G;CIL?M >? ;HIM
;LN c >I -* >?M>? KO? H[I M?D;G HI GIG?HNI >; ;\[I IO >; IGCM
M[I ;=IG?NC>IM >? >I?H\; G?HN;F >? >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI G?HN;F CH=IGJF?NI

IO L?N;L>;>I KO? FB? MOJLCG;G ; =;J;=C>;>? >? ?HN?H>?L I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I
@;NI IO >? >?N?LGCH;L
M? >? ;=IL>I =IG ?MM? ?HN?H>CG?HNI =LCN]LCI
<CIJMC=IFaAC=I ?RJL?MMI HI ;LN >I -* =IGI L?AL; A?L;F IM G;CIL?M >?

;HIM M[I J?H;FG?HN? CGJONXP?CM >?M>? KO? H[I M?D;G HI GIG?HNI >;
;\[I IO >; IGCMM[I ;=IG?NC>IM >? >I?H\; G?HN;F >? >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI
G?HN;F CH=IGJF?NI IO L?N;L>;>I KO? FB? MOJLCG;G ; =;J;=C>;>? >? ?HN?H>?L
I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I @;NI IO >? >?N?LGCH;L
M? >? ;=IL>I =IG ?MM? ?HN?H>C
G?HNI =LCN]LCI <CIJMC=IFaAC=I ?RJL?MMI HI ;LN >I -* =IGI L?AL;

A?L;F
1I>;M ?MM;M L?AL;M HI ?HN;HNI H[I JI>?G =IHNL;LC;L ; IHMNCNO
C\[I #?>?L;F >? =;<?H>I ?HN[I ;P?LCAO;L M? ;M L?AL;M >? CGJON;\[I
JIL >?FCNI GCFCN;L >? G?HIL?M >? ;HIM @IL;G L?MJ;F>;>;M J?F; ;NO;F IH
MNCNOC\[I#?>?L;F
Maioridade penal na Constituio Federal de 1988 e a

teoria da recepo , -* @IC C>?;FCT;>I >? ;=IL>I =IG ;M L?AL;M ?M
N;<?F?=C>;M H; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F >? =IG ; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F

H >?>?IONO<LI>?

/?@?LC>; IHMNCNOC\[I JIMMO_; ;J?H;M OG 1_NOFI 1_NOFI &3 KO?

NL;N;P; A?H?LC=;G?HN? >; @;G_FC; >; ?>O=;\[I ? >; =OFNOL; ; J;LNCL >I ;LN
H[I P?LM;H>I MI<L? ; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F I KO? >?CRIO I F?ACMF;>IL IL
>CHXLCI Y PIHN;>? J;L; >CMJIL MI<L? ; G;N]LC; N;HNI HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG
=IGIHI -*
IG ; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F >? HI ?HN;HNI ; G;N]LC; IL; >CM
=ONC>; J;MMIO ; N?L L?F?PZH=C; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F P?LC@C=;H>I

M? KO? I =IHMNCNO
CHN? ILCACHXLCI ;>IN;H>I I =LCN]LCI <CIFaAC=I @CRIO ; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F ;=CG;

>IM;HIM
, ;LN >; # >? >CMJd? KO? M[I oJ?H;FG?HN? CHCGJONXP?CM
IMG?HIL?M>?>?TICNI;HIM MOD?CNIMYMHILG;M>;F?ACMF;\[I?MJ?=C;Fp
+[I JI>?LC; M?L >C@?L?HN? DX KO? ; ;NO;F IHMNCNOC\[I HI KO? =IH
=?LH? Y JLIN?\[I >; =LC;H\; ? >I ;>IF?M=?HN? ;>INIO ; o>IONLCH; >; JLIN?\[I
CHN?AL;Fp MCAHC@C=;H>I >CT?L KO? I o"MN;>I <L;MCF?CLI N?G I dever >? A;L;HNCL
;M H?=?MMC>;>?M >; J?MMI; ?G >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI >? ;N] ;HIM >? C>;>?
P?F;H>I J?FI M?O >CL?CNI Y PC>; M;e>? ?>O=;\[I =IHPCP^H=C; F;T?L FC<?L
>;>? JLI@CMMCIH;FCT;\[I ? IONLIM ;LN I >I " =IG I I<D?NCPI >?

A;L;HNCL I q>?M?HPIFPCG?HNI @_MC=I G?HN;F GIL;F ?MJCLCNO;F ? MI=C;F ?G =IH
>C\d?M>?FC<?L>;>??>CAHC>;>?r;LN I >I" p[722]

"MM; >IONLCH; ;>IN;>; J?F;
IHMNCNOC\[I ?MNX ?PC>?HN? ?G M?O ;LN
KO? =IHMCAH; =IGI o>?P?L >; @;G_FC; >; MI=C?>;>? ? >I "MN;>I ;MM?AOL
;L Y =LC;H\; ? ;I ;>IF?M=?HN? =IG ;<MIFON; JLCILC>;>? I >CL?CNI Y PC>; Y

M;e>? Y ;FCG?HN;\[I Y ?>O=;\[I ;I F;T?L Y JLI@CMMCIH;FCT;\[I Y =OFNOL; Y
>CAHC>;>? ;I L?MJ?CNI Y FC<?L>;>? ? Y =IHPCP^H=C; @;GCFC;L ? =IGOHCNXLC;
;F]G >? =IFI=X
FIM ; M;FPI >? NI>; @ILG; >? H?AFCA^H=C; >CM=LCGCH;\[I ?R
JFIL;\[I PCIF^H=C; =LO?F>;>??IJL?MM[Ip
!?MM; @ILG; N?GIM KO? ;J?M;L >? I -* ?G N?M? J?LGCNCL ; L?
MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J?H;F >? G?HIL?M >? ;HIM H;M L?AL;M MOMI=IG?HN;>;M ;

IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F L?=B;\; ?MM; JIMMC<CFC>;>? HI ;LN H[I L?=?J=CIH
;H>IIM;LNM ;>I a>CAI-?H;F ;MNL?HM?

IG ; ?>C\[I >? OG; HIP; IHMNCNOC\[I I C>?;F M?LC; KO? NI>;M ;M

F?ACMF;\d?M @IMM?G L?@?CN;M =IHNO>I H; JLXNC=; CMMI ] CGJIMM_P?F F;H\;H>I
G[I IM ;JFC=;>IL?M >I !CL?CNI >; N?ILC; >; L?=?J\[I IGI <?G >CMJd?
-?>LI )?HT; NI>;M o;M HILG;M KO? @IL?G CH=IGJ;N_P?CM =IG ; HIP; IH
MNCNOC\[I M?L[I L?PIA;>;M JIL ;OM^H=C; >? L?=?J\[I 3;F? >CT?L a contrario
sensu ; HILG; CH@L;=IHMNCNO=CIH;F KO? H[I =IHNL;LC;L ; HIP; IL>?G M?LX L?
=?J=CIH;>; JI>?H>I CH=FOMCP? ;>KOCLCL OG; HIP; qLIOJ;A?Grp[723] "MNX
M? J;L; ;FAOHM >C;HN? >? OG; CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? MOJ?LP?HC?HN? ?HN?H
>C>; =IGI o;KO?F; ?G KO? I ;NI ?G;H;>I >I aLA[I F?ACMF;NCPI PCIF; HILG;
=IHMNCNO=CIH;FKO?;CH>;M?LX?>CN;>;p[724]
2G AL;H>? JLI<F?G; >; N?ILC; >; L?=?J\[I ?MNX HI @;NI >? KO? H[I
BX OG; L?PIA;\[I ?RJL?MM; IO M?D; IM N?RNIM F?A;CM H[I L?=?J=CIH;>IM =IH
NCHO;G CHN;=NIM >C@C=OFN;H>I ; >?N?=\[I >I @?HbG?HI !?MM; @ILG; BX =;MIM

?G KO? ; H[I L?=?J\[I ] =F;L; CH=IHN?MN? ?HKO;HNI IONLIM BX ?G KO? ; =IH
=?J\[I J?MMI;F >I ;NIL >I !CL?CNI =IG;H>;LX ; =IH=FOM[I J?F; L?=?J\[I IO
H[I >? OG >CMJIMCNCPI ,<PC;G?HN? ; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F ?H=IHNL;
M? HI
JLCG?CLI ALOJI >;>; ; =F;L?T; DX ?PC>?H=C;>; >I ;LN >; IHMNCNOC\[I
#?>?L;F
"G =IH=FOM[I JILN;HNI IM G?HIL?M >? ;HIM G;FAL;>I ;M JL?
PCMd?M >IM ;LNM ; >I -* H[I ?MN[I MOD?CNIM Y L?JL?MM[I J?H;F GCFCN;L
G;M ?MN;L[I oMOD?CNIM YM HILG;M >; F?ACMF;\[I ?MJ?=C;Fp =IH@ILG? >CMJd? I
@CH;F >I ;LN >; #[725] ,<M?LP?
M? KO? ?MM; ?RJL?MM[I m oMOD?CNIM YM
HILG;M >; F?ACMF;\[I ?MJ?=C;Fp m =IG @OF=LI H; ;HXFCM? >; NL;>C\[I F?ACM
F;NCP; <L;MCF?CL; m GILG?HN? J;LNCH>I >; ;HXFCM? >IM >CMJIMCNCPIM >IM PXLCIM
a>CAIM -?H;CM ;=CG; >CM=ONC>IM m H[I M? L?@?L? =IGI ;FAOHM ?HN?H>?G ;
OG; oF?ACMF;\[I J?H;F ?MJ?=C;Fp m H; KO;F CH=FOCL_;GIM I -* m G;M MCG ;
OG; F?ACMF;\[I G?HILCMN; ?MJ?=_@C=; J;L; =LC;H\;M ? ;>IF?M=?HN?M IO M?D;
BID? I "MN;NONI >; LC;H\; ? >I >IF?M=?HN? )?C H >?

V
>CT?L I G?HIL >? ;HIM KO? JL;NCKO? =IH>ON; NCJC@C=;>; HI a>CAI -?H;F
*CFCN;L H[I =IG?N?LX =LCG? G;M MCG ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F =IGI ;<;CRI
?MGCO\;L?GIM

Antecipao da capacidade civil e maioridade penal

IGI <?G M? M;<? I HIPI a>CAI CPCF )?C H >?

L?>OTCO
; C>;>? J;L; I CH_=CI >; =;J;=C>;>? >? J;L; ;HIM JL?P?H>I ;>?G;CM
MCNO;\d?M?GKO??MM;C>;>?JI>?M?L;HN?=CJ;>;
, ;LN I >I L?@?LC>I a>CAI >CMJd? KO? ; oG?HILC>;>? =?MM; ;IM

>?TICNI ;HIM =IGJF?NIM KO;H>I ; J?MMI; @C=; B;<CFCN;>; Y JLXNC=; >? NI>IM IM
;NIM >; PC>; =CPCFp P?LM;H>I ;CH>; HI CH=CMI &&& >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I KO? ; CH
=;J;=C>;>?=?MM;LXJ?FIo?R?L=_=CI>??GJL?AIJe<FC=I?@?NCPIp
CH>;A;\[I KO? MOLA? JICM ] ; M?AOCHN? =IGI I ?R?L=_=CI >?

?GJL?AI Je<FC=I ?@?NCPI ;HN?=CJ; ; =;J;=C>;>? =CPCF H[I ;HN?=CJ;LC; N;G<]G
;G;CILC>;>?J?H;F
-IL a<PCI ; L?MJIMN; ] ?G M?HNC>I H?A;NCPI ? ; @OH>;G?HN;\[I ]

<?GMCGJF?MH[IBXJ?LGCMMC<CFC>;>?=IHMNCNO=CIH;FJ;L;N;F=IH=FOM[I
IGI PCMNI I ;LN >; # >CMJd? >? @ILG; =F;L; ? CHNL;HMCA?HN?
;=?L=; >; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F M?H>I CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;F KO;FKO?L CF;\[I ?G M?H
NC>IIJIMNI
O Estatuto da Criana e do Adolescente (ECA) , "MN;NONI

=IGI M;<C>I ;JFC=;
M? Y criana e ao adolescente I KO? F?P; Y H?=?MMC>
;>? J;L; KO? M? N?HB; OG; =IGJL??HM[I =C?HN_@C=; >; G;N]LC; >? @CLG;L ;
>CMNCH\[I ?HNL? ?MM;M >O;M =;N?AILC;M M?H>I =F;L; ; >CMJIMC\[I >I ;LN I >I
" ;I =IHMC>?L;L criana ; J?MMI; ;N] ;HIM >? C>;>? CH=IGJF?NIM ?
adolescente ;KO?F;?HNL??;HIM>?C>;>?.
.O;HNI Y ;@?LC\[I >; NL;HMC\[I >; CH@ZH=C; J;L; ; ;>IF?M=^H=C; m
<?G =IGI >; ;>IF?M=^H=C; J;L; ; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F m ?G<IL; B;D; >CP?L
A^H=C; DOLCMJLO>?H=C;F ; =ILL?HN? >IGCH;HN? ?HN?H>? KO? M? >?P? =IHMC>?L;L

I JLCG?CLI CHMN;HN? >I >C; >I ;HCP?LMXLCI ?G KO? M?D; =IGJF?N;>I I >]=CGI
M?AOH>I ;HCP?LMXLCI m IO >]=CGI ICN;PI HI =;MI >; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F 0? ;
J?MMI; NCP?L H;M=C>I ?G >? @?P?L?CLI =IHMC>?L;L
M?
X I JLCG?CLI >C; MO<
M?KO?HN? IO M?D; I >? G;L\I >?M>? KO? I ;HI N;G<]G H[I M?D; <CMM?RNI
;LN I >;)?CH >?

[726] KO?>?@CH?I;HI=CPCF[727]

Configurao de ato infracional IGI DX ;>OTCGIM I G?HIL

>? ;HIM H[I JL;NC=; =LCG? GCFCN;L G;M ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F M?H>I CGJILN;HN?
P?LC@C=;L ; MO; >?@CHC\[I F?A;F HI " I KO? ?H=IHNL;L?GIM HI ;LN KO?
=IHMC>?L; o;NI CH@L;=CIH;F ; =IH>ON; >?M=LCN; =IGI =LCG? IO =IHNL;P?H\[I
J?H;Fp.
IGI M? P^ NI>I @;NI >?M=LCNI =IGI =IHNL;P?H\[I JL;NC=;>I JIL =LC
;H\; IO ;>IF?M=?HN? ] OG ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F MMCG N;G<]G I ] I @;NI >?M=LCNI

=IGI =LCG? ? I "MN;NONI H[I FCGCN; N;F JL?PCM[I ;I =LCG? =IGOG
;<L;HA?H>I JICM I =LCG? ?F?CNIL;F I =LCG? >? NLZHMCNI ? I<PC;G?HN? I
=LCG?GCFCN;L
0]LACI 0;FIG[I 0B?=;CL; ?G M?HNC>I IJIMNI >?@?H>? KO? I ;>IF?M
=?HN? =IG?N? =LCG? ;J?H;M H[I ?MN;H>I MOD?CNI ; J?H;M +?MM? M?HNC>I JIM
NOF; I ;ONIL KO? JIL o?MM? ?HN?H>CG?HNI IM G?HIL?M >? >?TICNI ;HIM JI>?G
=IG?N?L =LCG?M H[I M? MOD?CN;H>I YM M;H\d?M J?H;CM =ILL?MJIH>?HN?M JIL CH
CGJON;<CFC>;>? >?=ILL?HN? >? MO; J?=OFC;L =IH>C\[I >? J?MMI; ?G >?M?HPIF
PCG?HNIp[728] -IL ?MM; L;T[I I ;ONIL MOMN?HN; ?RCMNCL OG o!CL?CNI -?H;F
'OP?HCFp KO? >?P? M?L J?LG?;>I J?FIM JLCH=_JCIM ? =IHM?KO?HN?M A;L;HNC;M

>I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IG ;FAOG;M ;>;JN;\d?M ?G @;PIL >; =IH>C\[I ?MJ?=C;F >?
J?MMI;?G>?M?HPIFPCG?HNI+?MM?M?HNC>I ?RJd?
o-I>? J;L?=?L OG J;L;>IRI KO? ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >I ;>IF?M=?HN?
M?D; MOMN?HN;>; ?R;N;G?HN? =IG <;M? HI CHMNLOG?HN;F >I !CL?CNI -?H;F
KO;H>I ] ?F? JLaJLCI KO? H?A; ; =;J;=C>;>? J?H;F IO M?D; ; CGJON;<CFC>;>?

*;M M? H[I @IL ?MM? I CHMNLOG?HN;F N?aLC=I m JIN?H=C;F =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC
=CNO>? ? ?RCAC<CFC>;>? >? =IH>ON; >CP?LM; m =IGI M? DOMNC@C=;LC; ; ;NLC<OC\[I

>? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ;I ;ONIL >? ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F KO;H>I ; JLaJLC; IHMNCNO
C\[I ;MM?P?L; M?L?G IM ;>IF?M=?HN?M J?MMI;M =IG >CAHC>;>? JLaJLC; =IG >C
P?LMIM >CL?CNIM ;MM?AOL;>IM =IG JLCILC>;>? ;<MIFON; MI<L? IM >?
G;CMp[729]
IG ?@?CNI ?G<IL; ;FAOHM JIMM;G H[I =IH=IL>;L =IG ; >?MCAH;\[I

!CL?CNI -?H;F 'OP?HCF IO !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L 'OP?HCF =IGI JL?N?HM;G?HN?
I =B;G;GIM m ? CMMI I JLaJLCI ;ONIL =IHMC>?L; JIMM_P?F >? I=ILL?L m

CH?KOCPI=;G?HN? >?P?
M? ;MM?G?FB;L ; I=ILL^H=C; >I ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F Y >I
=LCG? CHAL?MM;H>I H[I Ma J?F; NCJC=C>;>? G;M N;G<]G J?F; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>
;>? ? J?F; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =F;LI M?G ;P;FC;L ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? ;@;MN;>; JIL

JL?MOH\[I juris et de jure
+IN?
M? KO? ; N?H>^H=C; ?G F?P;L ; >CM=OMM[I >? G]LCNI ; M?O N?LGI
;CH>; KO? JL?M?HN? OG; =;OM; ?R=FO>?HN? >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? IO ?RNCHNCP; >;
JOHC<CFC>;>? ] L?=ILL?HN? H; >IONLCH; ? H; DOLCMJLO>^H=C; =B?A;H>I G?MGI
;CH@FO?H=C;L;JLaJLC;JLI>O\[IF?ACMF;NCP;
!IONLCH;LC;G?HN? Y AOCM; >? ?R?GJFI NIG?

M? NL;<;FBI >?NC>I >I
"GCH?HN? *CHCMNLI ;LFIM F<?LNI *;LKO?M 0I;L?M ;=?L=; >; ?RNCH\[I >;
JOHC<CFC>;>? J?F; JL?M=LC\[I ? I >CL?CNI >I ;=OM;>I >? I<N?L OG; M?HN?H\; >?
G]LCNI 0;=L;G?HN; I ;ONIL KO? I o;=OM;>I N?G I >CL?CNI >? ?RCACL KO? ;
'OMNC\; M? JLIHOH=C? MI<L? I G]LCNI >I JLI=?MMI JLI=F;G;H>I MO; CHI=^H=C;
M? @IL I =;MI G?MGI KO;H>I M? ;=B;L ?RNCHN; ; JOHC<CFC>;>? J?F; JL?M=LC\[I
>; JL?N?HM[I JOHCNCP;p[730] $O;L>;>;M ;M JLIJIL\d?M M? I DOLCM>C=CIH;>I
M?D; ?F? ;>OFNI IO ;>IF?M=?HN? N?G >CL?CNI ;I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >? KO?MN[I >?
G]LCNI ?G @;=? >? OG; =;OM; ?RNCHNCP; >; JOHC<CFC>;>? N;G<]G I N?LX ?G
@;=?>?OG;=;OM;?R=FO>?HN?>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
+I JF;HI F?ACMF;NCPI ?MM; PCM[I M? M?>CG?HN; ? H;>; G?FBIL J;L;
?R?GJFC@C=;L KO? ; L?=?HN? ;FN?L;\[I HI JLI=?>CG?HNI >I 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC
NL;TC>; J?F; )?C H >? >? DOHBI >? P?>;H>I ; ;<MIFPC\[I
MOGXLC; HIM N?LGIM >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN >I a>CAI >? -LI=?MMI
-?H;F ?G =;MIM >? CHCGJON;<CFC>;>? JL?PCMN; HI caput >I ;LN >I a>CAI
-?H;F m H[I M? L?@?LCH>I H?MN? =;MI I<PC;G?HN? ;IM G?HIL?M >? ;HIM
G;M JI>?H>I I ?R?GJFI CH>C=;L I KO? M? JL?N?H>? =IHMNLOCL m M;FPI KO;H>I
?MN; @IL ; eHC=; N?M? >?@?HMCP; "RJFC=;
M? ?MM; JL?PCM[I HI @;NI >? KO? ;CH>;
KO? ;=IG?NC>I JIL OG; >I?H\; G?HN;F KO? I =IH>OT; Y CH=;J;=C>;>? >? >CM
=?LHCG?HNI ? CGJIMMC<CFCN? ; =IH>O\[I >? ;NIM =IG <;M? H?MM; =IGJL??HM[I

I =C>;>[I N?G >CL?CNI ; OG >?=L?NI ;<MIFONaLCI KO? ;P;FC? I =?LH? >I CHDOMNI
N_JC=I@;NIN_JC=I?;HNCDOL_>C=I

IG ?@?CNI ; PCM[I >? 0]LACI 0B?=;CL; ] GOCNI J?LMJC=;T ? >?P? M?L

;<;L=;>; J?F; =IGJL??HM[I ;NO;F >; >IONLCH; V HINaLCI KO? =IG ; >CM
JIMC\[I >I ;LN I " N;G<]G =IHM;AL; J;L; I ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F I JLCH=_
JCI >; F?A;FC>;>? JI>?H>I

M? >CT?L KO? H[I BX ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F M?G KO? B;D;
JIL F?C JL]PC; >?@CHC\[I >I @;NI =IGI =LCG? IO =IHNL;P?H\[I[731] IGI L?
@F?RI CH?KO_PI=I MOLA? ; CGJIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F ?G @;=? >? OG;
?R=FO>?HN? >? ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? DX KO? I =IH=?CNI ;H;F_NC=I >? =LCG? CGJILN;
?G =IHMN;N;\[I N;G<]G >; CFC=CNO>? >I ;NI JL;NC=;>I +[I BX ;NI CH@L;=CIH
;F JIL ?R?GJFI H; F?M[I =ILJIL;F JL;NC=;>; JIL ;>IF?M=?HN? GCFCN;L KO? ?G

L?JOFM; ; OG; CHP;M[I >I KO;LN?F >?HNLI >? OG; JLIJIL=CIH;FC>;>? ;ALC>? I
CHP;MIL
+I KO? =IH=?LH? Y =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGI I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L JIM
MOC OG; ?MNLONOL; CGJOFMCIH;>; J?FI causalismo neoclssico >?P? ?F; M?L
=IHMC>?L;>; ?F?G?HNI CHN?AL;HN? >I =IH=?CNI ;H;F_NC=I >? =LCG? >IH>? M?
=IH=FOC KO? ; ?R=FO>?HN? >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;I ?R=FOCL I =LCG? N;G<]G ?R
=FOCLX I ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F MMCG JIL ?R?GJFI OG ;>IF?M=?HN? KO? JL;NCKO?

>?N?LGCH;>I @;NI N_JC=I >? =LCG? =IGOG CAHIL;H>I >? @ILG; CHP?H=_P?F
?F?G?HN;L >I NCJI J?H;F H[I JI>?LX M?L L?MJIHM;<CFCT;>I J?FI ;NI CH@L;=CIH
;F ?G L;T[I >? ?MN;L ;@;MN;>; ; NCJC=C>;>? JIL ;OM^H=C; >I >IFI IO >? =OFJ;
H[I B;P?H>I @;F;L ?G =IH>ON; J?H;FG?HN? L?F?P;HN? ;LN caput >I -
IHNO>I H; G?MG; MCNO;\[I CAHIL;H>I >? @ILG; JF?H;G?HN? ?M=OMXP?F
MCNO;\[I >? @;NI KO? =IGJd? I >?FCNI OG GCFCN;L ;>IF?M=?HN? N;G<]G H[I
JI>?LX M?L L?MJIHM;<CFCT;>I J?FI ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F JIL]G N?LX CH=C>C>I ?G
?LLI >? @;NI ?MM?H=C;F KO? ?G<IL; N;G<]G ;@;MN? I >IFI ? ; =OFJ; =IHMNCNOC
M? =IGI P?L?GIM ?G IONL; =;OM; >? ?R=FOM[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;LN caput >I -* N?H>I JIL =IHM?KO^H=C; H[I ; CM?H\[I >? J?H; =IGI >CT I N?RNI
>I a>CAI-?H;F*CFCN;L G;M;H[ICGJIMC\[I>?G?>C>;MI=CI?>O=;NCP;
-IL ?MM; =IHMNLO\[I I ;LN >I "MN;NONI >; LC;H\; ? >I >IF?M
=?HN? >?P? M?L CHN?LJL?N;>I >? @ILG; G;CM ;GJF; H[I M? >?N?H>I =IGI @;T
MOJIL ;J?H;M H; ?RCMN^H=C; >I @;NI IO H; =IH=ILL^H=C; >I ;>IF?M=?HN? J;L;
?F?

>PCLN;
M? HI ?HN;HNI KO? ; =IHMN;N;\[I >? ?R=FO>?HN? >? ;HNCDOL
C>C=C>;>? IO >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? >?P? M?L CHPI=;>; ? L?=IHB?=C>; J?FI *CH
CMN]LCI -e<FC=I ? J?FI -I>?L 'O>C=CXLCI "R=?J=CIH;

M? ; ?MM; L?AL; ; MCNO;\[I
>? J;N?HN? ?R=FO>?HN? KO;H>I I L?MJIHMXP?F J?F; JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L
JI>?LC; IJN;L J?F; CHMN;OL;\[I >? &-* ?G P?T >; ;ONO;\[I ?G @F;AL;HN? >?
FCNI =IH@ILG? =IG;H>;G IM ;LNM ? >I --*[732] IHNO>I F?
P;H>I ?G =IHMC>?L;\[I KO? I ;>IF?M=?HN? H[I =IG?N? =LCG? ; CHMN;OL;\[I

>? @?CNI >? JIF_=C; DO>C=CXLC; GCFCN;L M?LC; CH=ILL?N; >?P?H>I
M? @;T?L I L?ACM
NLI >I ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F m J?F; ;ONILC>;>? =IGJ?N?HN? KO? ;<;CRI CH>C=;L?GIM
m ? >I @;NI ?G JLI=?>CG?HNI interna corporis ; ?R?GJFI >; MCH>C=ZH=C;
J;L;KO?M?D;G;P;FC;>IM?P?HNO;CML?M_>OIM;>GCHCMNL;NCPIM
+I KO? M? L?@?L? ;I GIG?HNI >I ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F >?P?

M? ;>IN;L ;
N?ILC; >; ;NCPC>;>? IO M?D; =IHMC>?L;
M? I ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F JL;NC=;>I HI GI
G?HNI >; ;\[I IO >; IGCMM[I ;CH>; KO? IONLI M?D; I GIG?HNI >; =IH
MOG;\[I MMCG M? OG ;>IF?M=?HN? =IG ;HIM CH=IGJF?NIM ;NCL; ?G ;F
AO]G HI >C; ;HN?LCIL ;I >I M?O ;HCP?LMXLCI ;CH>; KO? ; P_NCG; @;F?\; HI >C;
M?AOCHN? NIG;L?GIM I GIG?HNI >; ;\[I =IGI ;KO?F? KO? >?@CHCLX ; L?
MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >I ;A?HN? M?H>I JILN;HNI ;NI JL;NC=;>I JIL ;>IF?M=?HN?

CMNI] OG;NICH@L;=CIH;F
#CLG?GIM ;CH>; H?MM; >CM=OMM[I KO? J;L; HaM ; =LC;H\; ?MN;LC;

@IL; >;M BCJaN?M?M >?@CHC>;M HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L KO? CGJIMMC<CFCN; ; CG
JON;\[I>?L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?J?H;F;IG?HIL>?;HIM;LN>I -*
1I>;PC; H[I ] CHeNCF >CM=ILL?L <L?P?G?HN? ;=?L=; >; =LC;H\; ? ;

JLXNC=;>?;NICH@L;=CIH;F
=LC;H\; N;G<]G =IG?N? ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F >?P?H>I
M? HI ?HN;HNI
I<M?LP;L =?LN;M L?MNLC\d?M >;M KO;CM >O;M M[I ;M JLCH=CJ;CM ; P?>;\[I >?
;JL??HM[I[733] ? ; >? ;JFC=;\[I >? G?>C>;M MI=CI?>O=;NCP;M ;LN >I
" M?H>I
FB? ;JFC=;>;M ;J?H;M ;M G?>C>;M JLIN?NCP;M ;LN >I "
!?MM; @ILG; H[I B;P?LC; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J;L; ; =LC;H\; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;
\[I ;KOC ?H=;L;>; =IGI G?>C>; >? L?@ILG; >IH>? M? =IH=FOC ?MN;L ?F; Y
G;LA?G>I!CL?CNI-?H;F'OP?HCF=IGOGIOGCFCN;L

Consequncia da prtica de ato infracional por criana

JLXNC=; >? ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F JIL G?HIL >? ;HIM =IFI=;
I ?G MCNO;\[I >?
LCM=I ;LN >I " =;<?H>I ; ;JFC=;\[I >? G?>C>;M JLIN?NCP;M J;L; =LC
;H\;M;LN >I"
+IM N?LGIM >I ;LN >I " M?GJL? KO? IM >CL?CNIM L?=IH
B?=C>IM HI "MN;NONI @IL?G ;G?;\;>IM IO PCIF;>IM JIL ?R?GJFI JIL ;\[I IO
IGCMM[I >; MI=C?>;>? IO >I "MN;>I IO G?MGI ?G L;T[I >; =IH>ON; >I ;>
IF?M=?HN? ; ;ONILC>;>? =IGJ?N?HN? JI>?LX >?N?LGCH;L >?HNL? IONL;M KO?

?HN?H>?L ;>?KO;>;M ;M G?>C>;M JLIN?NCP;M ; M;<?L I ?H=;GCHB;G?HNI ;IM
J;CM IO L?MJIHMXP?F G?>C;HN? N?LGI >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? ; ILC?HN;\[I
;JICI ? ;=IGJ;HB;G?HNI N?GJILXLCIM ; G;NL_=OF; ? @L?KO^H=C; I<LCA;NaLC;M
?G ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI I@C=C;F >? ?HMCHI @OH>;G?HN;F ; CH=FOM[I ?G JLIAL;G;

=IGOHCNXLCI IO I@C=C;F >? ;OR_FCI Y @;G_FC; Y =LC;H\; ? ;I ;>IF?M=?HN? ; L?
KOCMC\[I >? NL;N;G?HNI G]>C=I JMC=IFaAC=I IO JMCKOCXNLC=I ?G L?ACG? BIM
JCN;F;L IO ;G<OF;NILC;F ; CH=FOM[I ?G JLIAL;G; I@C=C;F IO =IGOHCNXLCI >?

;OR_FCI ILC?HN;\[I ? NL;N;G?HNI ; ;F=IaF;NL;M ? NIRC=bG;HIM I ;<LCAI ?G ?H
NC>;>??;=IFI=;\[I?G@;G_FC;MO<MNCNON;
1I>;M ?MM;M G?>C>;M JI>?G M?L ;JFC=;>;M J?FI IHM?FBI 1ON?F;L IO
J?FI 'O_TI >; &H@ZH=C; ? 'OP?HNO>? =IG ?R=?\[I >; =IFI=;\[I ?G @;G_FC;
MO<MNCNON; KO?MIG?HN?JI>?M?L;JFC=;>;J?F;;ONILC>;>?DO>C=CXLC;
3?LC@C=;
M? N;G<]G KO? ; ;JFC=;\[I H[I ] I<LCA;NaLC; oJI>?LX >?
N?LGCH;Lp >CT I ;LNCAI ?G =IG?HNI ? KO? I LIF ;=CG; H[I ] ?R;OMNCPI

o>?HNL? IONL;Mp N;G<]G >CMJd? ; HILG; JI>?H>I I 'O_TI >; &H@ZH=C; ?
'OP?HNO>?;>GCNCLIONL;MG?>C>;MKO?H[I;M?HOG?L;>;MHI"
!?P?
M? F?G<L;L KO? ?MM;M G?>C>;M J;L; ; =LC;H\; JI>?G M?L MO<
MNCNO_>;M ; =LCN]LCI >I DO_TI ; KO;FKO?L N?GJI HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN >I
"
,ONL; CGJILN;HN? I<M?LP;\[I ?MNX H; JL?PCM[I >I ;LN >I "
KO? >?N?LGCH; KO? H; ;JFC=;\[I >;M G?>C>;M F?P;L
M?
[I ?G =IHN; ;M H?
=?MMC>;>?M J?>;AaAC=;M JL?@?LCH>I

M? ;KO?F;M KO? PCM?G ;I @ILN;F?=CG?HNI
>IMP_H=OFIM@;GCFC;L?M?=IGOHCNXLCIMp

Consequncia da prtica de ato infracional por adolescente IH@ILG;\[I >CP?LM; N?GIM J;L; IM ;>IF?M=?HN?M IH>? ?MN;LC; I
!CL?CNI -?H;F 'OP?HCF =IGOG IO GCFCN;L -;L; ?F?M ;M G?>C>;M JLIN?NCP;M
JI>?G M?L ;JFC=;>;M CMIF;>;G?HN? IO =OGOF;NCP;G?HN? =IG ;M G?>C>;M MI
=CI?>O=;NCP;M >I ;LN KO? =IHMNCNO?G OG LIF ?R;OMNCPI MMCG P?LC@C=;>;
; JLXNC=; >? ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F ; ;ONILC>;>? =IGJ?N?HN? JI>?LX ;JFC=;L ;I ;>
IF?M=?HN? ; ;>P?LN^H=C; ; I<LCA;\[I >? L?J;L;L I >;HI ; JL?MN;\[I >? M?L
PC\IM Y =IGOHC>;>? ; FC<?L>;>? ;MMCMNC>; ; CHM?L\[I ?G L?ACG? >? M?GC
FC<?L>;>? ? ; CHN?LH;\[I ?G ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI ?>O=;=CIH;F ;F]G M?AOH>I I

;LNCAI ?G @I=I >? KO;FKO?L >;M G?>C>;M JLIN?NCP;M >I ;LN ?R=?NI I ;<
LCAI?G?HNC>;>??;=IFI=;\[I?G@;G_FC;MO<MNCNON;
M G?>C>;M MI=CI?>O=;NCP;M J?F; PCM[I DOLCMJLO>?H=C;F >IGCH;HN?

MIG?HN? JI>?G M?L ;JFC=;>;M J?F; ONILC>;>? 'O>C=CXLC; MII =IH
NL;>CNaLCI[734]
-IL @IL\; >I ;LN >?P?

M? P?LC@C=;L KO? N;G<]G BX H?=?MMC>;>?
>? M? ;P;FC;L ; ;JFC=;\[I >? G?>C>; MI=CI?>O=;NCP; HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN >I
" IO M?D; H; o;JFC=;\[I >;M G?>C>;M F?P;L
M?
[I ?G =IHN; ;M H?=?MMC>
;>?M J?>;AaAC=;M JL?@?LCH>I

M? ;KO?F;M KO? PCM?G ;I @ILN;F?=CG?HNI >IM
P_H=OFIM@;GCFC;L?M?=IGOHCNXLCIMp
L?AL; >? MO<MNCNOC\[I ; KO;FKO?L N?GJI JIL @IL\; >I ;LN >I
" N;G<]G];JFC=XP?FL?@F?R;G?HN?YMG?>C>;MMI=CI?>O=;NCP;M
Punio disciplinar e sua validade em substituio de medidas protetivas ou socioeducativas IGI M? PCO I ;LN J?LGCN? KO?
;M G?>C>;M JLIN?NCP;M M?D;G MO<MNCNO_>;M M?G ?MN;<?F?=?L J;LZG?NLIM ; ?MM;
MO<MNCNOC\[I -IL @IL\; >I ;LN N;G<]G JI>?G M?L MO<MNCNO_>;M ;M G?>C
>;MMI=CI?>O=;NCP;M
>?G;CM N;HNI I ;LN =IGI I ;LN @;=OFN;G ; ;JFC=;\[I >?

G?>C>;M JLIN?NCP;M IO MI=CI?>O=;NCP;M H[I B;P?H>I ; I<LCA;NILC?>;>? >?
MO;;JFC=;\[I

-IL @CG ;M G?>C>;M JLIN?NCP;M ?MN[I ?G OG LIF ?R?GJFC@C=;NCPI

dentre outras... >?CR;H>I ;<?LNI I LIF Y JLO>?HN? ;P;FC;\[I >I 'O_TI >;
&H@ZH=C;?'OP?HNO>?
!I ;=CG; >CMJIMNI =IH=FOC

M? J?L@?CN;G?HN? JIMM_P?F KO? I 'O_TI >;
&H@ZH=C; ? 'OP?HNO>? ?HN?H>; KO? OG; M;H\[I >CM=CJFCH;L ;JFC=;>; ;I ;>
IF?M=?HN? GCFCN;L HIM J;LZG?NLIM >I /?AOF;G?HNI !CM=CJFCH;L >? MO; ILJIL
;\[I N?HB; =OGJLC>I ; @OH\[I ;FG?D;>; J?F;M G?>C>;M >I " m GILG?HN?
;N?H>?H>I YM H?=?MMC>;>?M J?>;AaAC=;M ? ?G @;PIL >? OG; G?>C>; KO?
@ILN;F?\; IM P_H=OFIM @;GCFC;L?M ? =IGOHCNXLCIM ;FCHB;H>I
M? Y >IONLCH; >;
JLIN?\[I CHN?AL;F KO? ILC?HN; I MCMN?G; HILG;NCPI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ? CH@L;=IH
MNCNO=CIH;Fm>?CR;H>I ;MMCG >?;JFC=X

F;M
Apreenso -IL >?@?H>?LGIM KO? I G?HIL >? ;HIM H[I =IG?N?
=LCG? GCFCN;L G;M ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F >?P?GIM ;=?CN;L ; CGJIMMC<CFC>;>? >?
JLCM[I ?G @F;AL;HN? >?FCNI M?H>I JIMM_P?F HI ?HN;HNI ; ;JL??HM[I ?G @F;A
L;HN?>?;NICH@L;=CIH;F
#LCM?
M? G;CM OG; P?T KO? ;J?H;M I ;>IF?M=?HN? JI>? M?L ;JL??H
>C>I H[I ?MN;H>I ; =LC;H\; MOD?CN; ; ?MM; G?>C>; 1I>;PC; >?P?G

M? L?MM;F
N;L PIT?M ?G M?HNC>I IJIMNI Y >? 'ILA? ]M;L >? MMCM J;L; KO?G ;M o=LC
;H\;M @F;AL;>;M H; JLXNC=; >? ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F JI>?G JIL a<PCI M?L ;JL??H>C
>;M J?F; JIF_=C; =CPCF IO GCFCN;L "HNL?N;HNI ;I CHP]M >? CL?G J;L; ; !?F?A;
=C; >? -IF_=C; >?P?L[I M?L F?P;>;M J;L; I IHM?FBI 1ON?F;Lp[735] "MM; N;G
<]G J;L?=? M?L ; PCM[I >? 0]LACI 0B?=;CL; ;I ;@CLG;L KO? oB;P?H>I
apreenso >; =LC;H\; N?LGI ONCFCT;>I J;L; >?MCAH;L ; JLCM[I KO;H>I I @;NI ]
JL;NC=;>I JIL ;KO?F? KO? ;CH>; H[I N?G >IT? ;HIM =IGJF?NIM ?F; >?P? M?L
?H=;GCHB;>; CG?>C;N;G?HN? J;L; I IHM?FBI 1ON?F;L IO H; @;FN; >?MN? J;L;
;;ONILC>;>?DO>C=CXLC;=IGJ?N?HN?p[736]
;JL??HM[I >? ;>IF?M=?HN? HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN >I "

MIG?HN? JI>? >;L
M? JIL @F;AL;HN? >? ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F IO JIL IL>?G DO>C=C;F
@OH>;G?HN;>; =IHM;AL;H>I
M? ;MMCG OG J;L;F?FCMGI =IG I CH=CMI )5& >I
;LN I >; # ;JL??HM[I @IL; >?MM;M MCNO;\d?M =IH@CAOL;LX I >?FCNI =;JCNO
F;>IHI;LN >I" [737]

M BCJaN?M?M >? @F;AL;HN? =OGJL? CH>C=;L M[I ;M G?MG;M >; F?ACM
F;\[I JLI=?MMO;F =IGOG IO GCFCN;L ? OG; P?T H[I P?LC@C=;>;M CGJ?>?G ;

;JL??HM[I M;FPI JIL IL>?G DO>C=C;F KO;H>I ?HN[I ; ;ONILC>;>? JIFC=C;F ?H
=;GCHB;LX ;I L?JL?M?HN;HN? >I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I ;J?H;M I L?F;NaLCI >;M CH
P?MNCA;\d?M?>?G;CM>I=OG?HNIM;LN>I"
+?=?MMXLCI F?G<L;L KO? HI ;NI >; ;JL??HM[I ;FAOHM JIHNIM >?P?G
M?L I<M?LP;>IM ; ?R?GJFI >; JL?MN;\[I >? CH@ILG;\[I ;I ;>IF?M=?HN? >;

C>?HNC@C=;\[I >I L?MJIHMXP?F J?F; ;JL??HM[I ? >? M?OM >CL?CNIM <?G =IGI ;
CG?>C;N; =IGOHC=;\[I J?F; ;ONILC>;>? JIFC=C;F !?F?A;>I >? -IF_=C; Y
;ONILC>;>? DO>C=CXLC; =IGJ?N?HN? ? Y @;G_FC; >I ;JL??H>C>I IO Y J?MMI; JIL
?F?CH>C=;>;
1;G<]G =;L?=? @CLG;L KO? I ;LN >I " CGJd? Y ;ONILC>;>?
JIFC=C;F ; CG?>C;N; FC<?L;\[I >I ;JL??H>C>I ?G @;=? >I =IGJ;L?=CG?HNI >?
KO;FKO?L >IM J;CM IO >? OG L?MJIHMXP?F >?M>? KO? @CLG;>I =IGJLIGCMMI ?
L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? >? MO; ;JL?M?HN;\[I ;I L?JL?M?HN;HN? >I *CHCMN]LCI
-e<FC=I IO H; CGJIMMC<CFC>;>? HI JLCG?CLI >C; eNCF CG?>C;NI "R=?NO;G
M? Y
CGJIMC\[I >? CG?>C;N; FC<?L;\[I IM =;MIM ?G KO? J?F; AL;PC>;>? >I ;NI CH
@L;=CIH;F ? MO; L?J?L=OMM[I MI=C;F >?P; I ;>IF?M=?HN? J?LG;H?=?L MI< CH
N?LH;\[I J;L; A;L;HNC; >? MO; M?AOL;H\; J?MMI;F IO G;HON?H\[I >; IL>?G
Je<FC=; +?MM? =;MI HI ?HN;HNI ; ;ONILC>;>? JIFC=C;F ?H=;GCHB;LX >?M>?
FIAI I ;>IF?M=?HN? ;I L?JL?M?HN;HN? >I *CHCMN]LCI -e<FC=I DOHN;G?HN? =IG
=aJC;>I;ONI>?;JL??HM[IIO<IF?NCG>?I=ILL^H=C;;LN>I"
Registro e primeira apurao de ato infracional ;N
LC<OC\[I J;L; I L?ACMNLI >I ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F ? MO; ;JOL;\[I JLCG?CL; M?LX
=IGI ;=CG; DX CH@?LC>I >I !?F?A;>I >? -IF_=C; +?MM? M?HNC>I >CMJd? I ;LN
>I " KO? I o;>IF?M=?HN? ;JL??H>C>I ?G @F;AL;HN? >? ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F
M?LX >?M>?FIAI ?H=;GCHB;>IY;ONILC>;>?JIFC=C;F=IGJ?N?HN?p.
I AL;@;L o;ONILC>;>? JIFC=C;Fp I "MN;NONI ?G MCHNIHC; =IG I ;LN

g I >; # L?@?L?
M? Y ;ONILC>;>? JIFC=C;F =IGOG IO M?D; I !?F?A;>I
>?-IF_=C;

Local de internao IGI PCMNI ; CHN?LH;\[I ] OG; G?>C>; MI
=CI?>O=;NCP; ;FCXM ; G;CM M?P?L; >;M ?HOG?L;>;M HI ;LN >I " ? =IH
MCMN? HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN >I G?MGI "MN;NONI, ?G G?>C>; JLCP;NCP; >?
FC<?L>;>? MOD?CN; ;IM JLCH=_JCIM >? <L?PC>;>? ?R=?J=CIH;FC>;>? ? L?MJ?CNI Y
=IH>C\[I J?=OFC;L >? J?MMI; ?G >?M?HPIFPCG?HNI -IL ?MM; L;T[I ;J?M;L >?
H[I =IGJILN;L JL;TI >?N?LGCH;>I >?P? N?L MO; G;HON?H\[I L?;P;FC;>; G?
>C;HN? >?=CM[I @OH>;G?HN;>; HI GXRCGI ; =;>; M?CM G?M?M ? HOH=; JI>?LX
?R=?>?L I JL;TI >? NL^M ;HIM >GCN?

M? ; CHN?LH;\[I JLIPCMaLC; ;HN?M >;
M?HN?H\; JI>?H>I M?L >?N?LGCH;>; J?FI JL;TI GXRCGI >? KO;L?HN; ? =CH=I
>C;M ;LN >I " 0IG?HN? JI>? M?L ;JFC=;>; HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN >I
" KO;H>I M? NL;N;L >? ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F =IG?NC>I G?>C;HN? AL;P? ;G?;\;
IO PCIF^H=C; ; J?MMI; JIL L?CN?L;\[I HI =IG?NCG?HNI >? IONL;M CH@L;\d?M
AL;P?M JIL >?M=OGJLCG?HNI L?CN?L;>I ? CHDOMNC@C=XP?F >; G?>C>; ;HN?LCIL
G?HN?CGJIMN;
!?P?LX M?L =OGJLC>; ?G ?HNC>;>? ?R=FOMCP; J;L; ;>IF?M=?HN?M ?G

FI=;F >CMNCHNI >;KO?F? >?MNCH;>I ;I ;<LCAI I<?>?=C>; LCAILIM; M?J;L;\[I JIL
=LCN]LCIM>?C>;>? =IGJF?C\[I@_MC=;?AL;PC>;>?>;CH@L;\[I
!C;HN? >?MM;M JL?PCMd?M OG; J?LAOHN; H;NOL;FG?HN? MOLA? &G
JIH>I I 'O_TI >; &H@ZH=C; ? 'OP?HNO>? ; G?>C>; >? CHN?LH;\[I >? GCFCN;L ;>
IF?M=?HN? JI>?LX ?F? M?L >?MNCH;>I YM CHMNCNOC\d?M JLaJLC;M J;L; ; CHN?LH;\[I

>?;>IF?M=?HN?M =IGI;o#OH>;\[I ;M;p HI"MN;>I>?0[I-;OFI
,<PC;G?HN? M? BIOP?L JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? JLIN?\[I >; CHN?ALC>;>?

@_MC=; >I ;>IF?M=?HN? ] J?L@?CN;G?HN? JIMM_P?F MO; CHN?LH;\[I ?G ?MN;<?F?=C
G?HNI>?MNCH;>IA?H?LC=;G?HN?;;>IF?M=?HN?MCH@L;NIL?M
IHNO>I H; JLXNC=; ; L?;FC>;>? MOA?L? KO? OG GCFCN;L ;>IF?M=?HN?
?G OG N;F ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI H[I N?LC; MO; CHN?ALC>;>? @_MC=; L?MJ?CN;>; J?FIM

>?G;CMCHN?LHIM G?MGIKO?;PCACFZH=C;@IMM?;=CLL;>;
!?MM; @ILG; >O;M M?LC;G ;M MIFO\d?M CHN?LH;L I GCFCN;L ;>IF?M
=?HN? ?G JL?M_>CI GCFCN;L M?J;L;>I >IM JL?MIM JIL CH@L;\d?M J?H;CM NI
G;H>I JIL <;M? ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? DX ;>GCNC>; J?F; DOLCMJLO>^H=C; H; @;FN; >?

?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI ;>?KO;>I[738] CHN?LH;L I GCFCN;L ?G ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI
GCFCN;L KO;LN?F =IG ?MJ?=C;F L?=IG?H>;\[I J;L; I

;=?L=;>IM=OC>;>IMH?=?MMXLCIMYCHN?LH;\[I

IG;H>I >; 2HC>;>?
Os novos rumos IGI <?G M? M;<? BX OG; AL;H>? =IGI\[I

JIJOF;L =F;G;H>I J?FI =IG<;N? Y >?FCHKO^H=C; DOP?HCF JIMNOF;H>I
M? =IG
GOCN; @L?KO^H=C; ; L?>O\[I >; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F H; IHMNCNOC\[I >;
/?Je<FC=; NILH;H>I
M? OG; P?L>;>?CL; <;H>?CL; >? ;FAOHM M?AOCG?HNIM
MI=C;CM !?@?H>?
M? ?HN[I OG; ;FN?L;\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ?G HIG? >IM ;H
M?CIM JIJOF;L?M *OCNI J?LNCH?HN? M? @;T H?MM? =IHN?RNI F?G<L;L ;M J;F;PL;M

>? 1BIG;M *;HH KO? BX GOCNI DX HIM ;F?LNIO >? KO? o -;L; I ;>?JNI >;M
FOT?M I N?LGI ? I =IH=?CNI qJIPIr M?GJL? =IHM?LP;G KO;FKO?L NL;\I >? ;L
=;C=I CHMJCL;>IL >? ;JL??HMd?M ? ?F? M;<? KO? <;MN; ;JIMNLI@;L ; GOFNC>[I
>? qJIPIr J;L; CH>OTC

F; Y G;F>;>? L?;=CIHXLC; .O;HN; =ICM; H[I ;=IHN?=?O
>C;HN? >? HIMMIM IFBIM ?G HIG? >I JIPI ? KO? ?G HIG? >? !?OM >; %O
G;HC>;>? IO >I !CL?CNI HOH=; M? >?P?LC; N?L =IHMOG;>Ip[739] MMCG

H?G M?GJL? ; PIHN;>? JIJOF;L ;JIHN; J;L; I KO? I !CL?CNI ?HN?H>? =IGI
;>?KO;>I ?G ?MJ?=C;F N?H>I JIL @I=I ; >CAHC>;>? >; J?MMI; BOG;H; =IGI
M;<?GIM @OH>;G?HNI>?HIMMI"MN;>I!?GI=LXNC=I>?!CL?CNI
"MM? =F;GIL HI ?HN;HNI ? ;N] H[I JI>?LC; M?L >C@?L?HN? ;F=;H\IO I

IHAL?MMI +;=CIH;F ? @IC P?LM;>I ?G -LIJIMN;M >? "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F
-" HI 0?H;>I #?>?L;F ?G ?MJ]=C? ? ?R?GJFC@C=;NCP;G?HN? ;M -" H ?
>? L?MJ?=NCP;G?HN? >? ;ONILC; >IM 0?H;>IL?M /IG?LI 'O=X ? 'IM]
/I<?LNILLO>;
JLCG?CL; >?F;M JLIJOHB; I ;=L]M=CGI >? OG J;LXAL;@I eHC=I ;I
;LN KO? >CMJILC; KO? oHIM =;MIM >? =LCG?M =IHNL; ; PC>; IO I J;N
LCGbHCI =IG?NC>IM =IG PCIF^H=C; IO AL;P? ;G?;\; Y J?MMI; M[I J?H;F
G?HN? CHCGJONXP?CM ;J?H;M IM G?HIL?M >? >?T?MM?CM ;HIM MOD?CNIM YM HILG;M

>;F?ACMF;\[I?MJ?=C;Fp
-" H JLIJOHB; OG; ;FN?L;\[I >I caput >I ;LN =IH
MCAH;H>I KO? oM[I J?H;FG?HN? CHCGJONXP?CM IM G?HIL?M >? >?T?MM?CM ;HIM

MOD?CNIM YM HILG;M >; F?ACMF;\[I ?MJ?=C;Fp JIL]G =IH>C=CIH;H>I ?MM;

CGJON;<CFC>;>? JIL OG J;LXAL;@I eHC=I Y =IHMN;N;\[I >? OG o;G;>OL?=C
G?HNICHN?F?=NO;F??GI=CIH;F H;@ILG;>;F?Cp.
M JLIJIMN;M CH>C=;>;M NI>;PC; HI NLZGCN? J?F; IGCMM[I >? IH
MNCNOC\[I 'OMNC\; ? C>;>;HC; ' >I 0?H;>I #?>?L;F A;HB;L;G OG MO<
MNCNONCPI >I L?F;NIL I 0?H;>IL !?GaMN?H?M 1ILL?M M?AOH>I I KO;F M[I CHCG
JONXP?CM IM G?HIL?M >? ;HIM MOD?CNIM YM HILG;M >; F?ACMF;\[I ?MJ?=C;F ?M
N;<?F?=?H>I HI ?HN;HNI ;FAOG;M L?AL;M ?MJ?=_@C=;M J;L; IM G;CIL?M >? ?

IM G?HIL?M >? ;HIM "G JLCG?CLI FOA;L M[I J?H;FG?HN? CGJONXP?CM
MIG?HN? KO;H>I ;I N?GJI >; ;\[I IO IGCMM[I NCP?L?G JF?H; =;J;=C>;>? >?
?HN?H>?L I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >I @;NI ? >? >?N?LGCH;L
M? >? ;=IL>I =IG ?MM? ?H
N?H>CG?HNI ;N?MN;>; JIL F;O>I N]=HC=I ?F;<IL;>I JIL DOHN; HIG?;>; J?FI
DOCT J?H; >?MM;M J?MMI;M >?P?LX M?L =OGJLC>; ?G FI=;F >CMNCHNI >IM JL?MIM
G;CIL?M >? ;HIM #CH;FG?HN? OG; P?T =IH>?H;>IM N?L[I ; J?H; MO<
MNCNO_>; JIL OG; >;M G?>C>;M MI=CI?>O=;NCP;M JL?PCMN;M ?G F?C >?M>? KO?
H[I ?MN?D;G CH=OLMIM ?G H?HBOG >IM =LCG?M L?@?LC>IM HI CH=CMI 5)&&& >I
;LN I >; IHMNCNOC\[I>;/?Je<FC=;
-?F; L?>;\[I @CH;F JILN;HNI ?G<IL; ; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F N?HB; MC>I
L?>OTC>; J;L; IM ;HIM ; =IHM?KO^H=C; M?LX ; ;JFC=;\[I >? G?>C>; MI
=CI?>O=;NCP; ?R=?NI ?G =LCG?M B?>CIH>IM IO ; ?F?M ?KOCJ;L;>IM J?F; IH
MNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F[740] IGI <?G M? M;<? ; IGCMM[I >? IHMNCNOC\[I
'OMNC\; ? C>;>;HC; >I 0?H;>I #?>?L;F HI >C; >? ;<LCF >? ;JLIPIO
JIL G;CILC; PINIM ; @;PIL ? PINIM =IHNL; ; JLIJIMN; ?G MO; L?>;\[I
@CH;F
"G<IL; I JLI=?MMI F?ACMF;NCPI ;CH>; H[I ?MN?D; @CH>I ] J?LNCH?HN?

;P?LCAO;L ?G =;MI >? ;FN?L;\[I >I ;LN >; # KO;CM M?L[I IM L?@F?RIM H;
F?ACMF;\[IJ?H;FGCFCN;L
+[I JI>?L_;GIM ;HN?M >? ;P;FC;L I CGJ;=NI >; ;FN?L;\[I =IHMNCNO
=CIH;F >?CR;L >? ?PC>?H=C;L HIMM; JIMC\[I ;=?L=; >; J;N?HN? CH=IHMNCNO=CIH
;FC>;>?>;-LIJIMN;>?"G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F
-L?FCGCH;LG?HN? N?HB;
M? ?G G?HN? KO? ;M ?G?H>;M =IHMNCNO=CIH
;CM JI>?G MCG J;>?=?L J?L;HN? I =IHNLIF? =IH=?HNL;>I IO >C@OMI >?

=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? +?MM; FCHB; JLIJOAH; OH;HCG?G?HN? ; >IONLCH; ; ?R
?GJFI >? F?R;H>L? >? *IL;?M KO? ;JaM ?HOG?L;L I >CMJIMCNCPI F?A;F FCGCN
;>IL J;L; I -I>?L IHMNCNOCHN? >?LCP;>I >CT KO? ] oJF?H;G?HN? JIMM_P?F ;

CH=C>^H=C; >I =IHNLIF? >? =IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >C@OMI IO =IH=?HNL;>I MI<L?
?G?H>;M =IHMNCNO=CIH;CM ; @CG >? P?LC@C=;L
M? MO; =IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? IO
H[I ; J;LNCL >; ;HXFCM? >I L?MJ?CNI ;IM J;LZG?NLIM @CR;>IM HI ;LN >; IH
MNCNOC\[I#?>?L;FJ;L;;;FN?L;\[I=IHMNCNO=CIH;Fp[741]
-?FI g I >I ;LN >; # ?MJ?=C;FG?HN? HI CH=CMI &3 ; "G?H>;

IHMNCNO=CIH;F N?H>?HN? ; ;<IFCL IM >CL?CNIM ? A;L;HNC;M CH>CPC>O;CM H?G M?
KO?L JI>?G M?L I<D?NI >? >?FC<?L;\[I IO M?D; >?P?G M?L @OFGCH;>;M ;CH>;
KO;H>I JLIJIMN;M >? ;FN?L;\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F 1L;N;
M? >? G;N]LC; CHN?AL;HN?
>I He=F?I L_AC>I >; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F =FXOMOF;M J]NL?;M KO? H[I JI>?G
M?L ;FN?L;>;M M?G OG =CMG; KO? CH;OAOL? OG; HIP; IL>?G =IHMNCNO=CIH;F
1;F He=F?I CHN;HA_P?F =IHMNCNOC OG FCGCN? G;N?LC;F Y ;FN?L;\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F
J?FI -I>?L IHMNCNOCHN? !?LCP;>I CHNCNOF;>I JIL ;HINCFBI >? FCGCN?M ;<MI
FONIM[742]
1;CM FCGCN?M HIN?

M? H?G M?KO?L JI>?G M?L ;PCFN;>IM >? @ILG; L?@F
?R; =IG ; ;FN?L;\[I >IM FCGCN?M =IHMNCNO=CIH;CM J;L; ;JaM ;FN?L;L

M? ;KOCFI
KO? M? JL?N?H>? +?MM? M?HNC>I I G?MNL? JILNOAO^M >CMJd? KO? ; o?RCMN^H=C;
>? limites absolutos ] JIL]G =IHN?MN;>; JIL ;FAOHM ;ONIL?M =IG <;M? H;
JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? I F?ACMF;>IL >? L?PCM[I JI>?L M?GJL? OFNL;J;MM;L ?MM?M FCG
CN?M G?>C;HN? ; N]=HC=; >; dupla reviso +OG JLCG?CLI GIG?HNI ; L?PCM[I
CH=C>CLC; MI<L? ;M JLaJLC;M HILG;M >? L?PCM[I ?FCGCH;H>I IO ;FN?L;H>I ?MM?M
FCGCN?M HOG M?AOH>I GIG?HNI ; L?PCM[I @;L
M?
C; >? ;=IL>I =IG ;M F?CM
=IHMNCNO=CIH;CM KO? ;FN?L;L;G ;M HILG;M >? L?PCM[I !?MM; @ILG; ;M >CM
JIMC\d?M =IHMC>?L;>;M CHN;HA_P?CM J?F; IHMNCNOC\[I ;>KOCLCLC;G OG =;LXN?L

GONXP?F ?G PCLNO>? >; ?FCGCH;\[I >; =FXOMOF; >? CHN;HAC<CFC>;>? IJ?L;>;
J?F; L?PCM[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;Fp[743] *;CM ;>C;HN? ;HINCFBI M?HN?H=C; KO? o;

MOJL?MM[I >? FCGCN?M >? reviso atravs da reviso JI>? M?L OG M]LCI CH>_=CI
>? fraude Constituiop[744]

*;M ; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F KO? H[I ?MNX HI o=;L>XJCIp >I ;LN >;
IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F m ?MNX HI ;LN >; # m =IH@CAOL;
M? ?G OG >CL?CNI
CH>CPC>O;F JILN;HNI =FXOMOF;J]NL?;
I
L?MJIMN; JI>? M?L ?RNL;_>; >; JLaJLC; IHMNCNOC\[I #?>?L;F ?G

?MJ?=C;F >I g I >I ;LN I KO? >CMJd? KO? IM >CL?CNIM ? A;L;HNC;M ?RJL?MMIM
H; IHMNCNOC\[I H[I ?R=FO?G IONLIM >?=ILL?HN?M >I L?ACG? ? >IM JLCH=_JCIM
JIL ?F; ;>IN;>IM IO >IM NL;N;>IM CHN?LH;=CIH;CM >? KO? ; /?Je<FC=; #?>?L
;NCP;>IL;MCFM?D;J;LN?.
IGI ?PC>?HN? I ;LN I H[I ?MAIN; ; =;LN; >? >CL?CNIM CH>CPC>O;CM

?H=IHNL;H>I
M? ?F?M N;G<]G >CFO_>IM JIL NI>I I N?RNI =IHMNCNO=CIH;F ?MM?
L?MJ?CNI F;JC>;L ; =IHMNLO\[I >? #FXPC; -CIP?M;H MI<L? OG; @IL\; ?RJ;HMCP;
>IM>CL?CNIM@OH>;G?HN;CM JILN;HNIN;G<]GIMCH>CPC>O;CM
o IHMNCNOC\[I P?G ; =IH=L?NCT;L >?MN? GI>I ; =IH=?J\[I >? KO?

qIM >CL?CNIM @OH>;G?HN;CM L?JL?M?HN;G OG; >;M >?=CMd?M <XMC=;M >I =IHMNCNO
CHN? ;NL;P]M >; KO;F IM JLCH=CJ;CM P;FIL?M ]NC=IM ? JIF_NC=IM >? OG; =IGOHC>
;>? ;F=;H\;G ?RJL?MM[I DOL_>C=; ,M >CL?CNIM @OH>;G?HN;CM ;MMCH;F;G OG BI
LCTIHN? >? G?N;M MI=CIJIF_NC=;M ; ;F=;H\;L KO;H>I ?MN;<?F?=?G ; JIMC\[I

DOL_>C=; >IM =C>;>[IM ?G MO;M L?F;\d?M =IG I "MN;>I IO ?HNL? MCr HI >CT?L >?
HNIHCI "HLCKO? -]L?T )OÌ ,M >CL?CNIM ? A;L;HNC;M @OH>;G?HN;CM M[I ;MMCG
>IN;>IM >? OG; ?MJ?=C;F @IL\; ?RJ;HMCP; JLID?N;H>I
M? JIL NI>I OHCP?LMI
=IHMNCNO=CIH;F ? M?LPCH>I =IGI =LCN]LCI CHN?LJL?N;NCPI >? NI>;M ;M HILG;M >I
IL>?H;G?HNIDOL_>C=Ip[745]
, g I >I ;LN I >; IHMNCNOC\[I NL;T ?MM; @IL\; ?RJ;HMCP; >?

@ILG; ?RJL?MM; >? GI>I KO? M? JI>? =IH=FOCL KO? ; @CR;\[I >; G;CILC>;>?
J?H;F ;=CG; >IM ;HIM ] MCG HILG; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >? >CL?CNI @OH>;G?HN;F
>I CH>CP_>OI KO? M? ?H=IHNL? ;KO]G >?MM; C>;>? NO>I ?G ;FCHBI Y ;>I\[I >;
doutrina da proteo integral
/?MM;FN?
M? JIL @CG KO? ?MM; PCM[I JIMMOC PIT?M ?G M?HNC>I =IH
NLXLCI ;FCXM >? L?HIG;>IM >IONLCH;>IL?M -IL NI>IM NIG?

M? $OCFB?LG?
+O==C KO?>CT

o+[I JI>?GIM =IH=IL>;L =IG ; N?M? >? KO? BX >CL?CNIM ? A;L;HNC;M

BOG;H;M @OH>;G?HN;CM MIFNIM ?G IONLIM NL?=BIM >; ;LN; JIL CMMI N;G<]G
clusulas ptreas CHM?LC>;M H; CGJIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ?G?H>; JL?PCMN; HI ;LN
g I &3 # JICM M;<?
M? KO? BX q>CL?CNIM ? A;L;HNC;M >? =IHN?e>I G;N?L
C;Fr?q>CL?CNIM?A;L;HNC;M>?=IHN?e>I@ILG;Fr
-IL CMMI ; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F ;F]G >? H[I M?L OG >CL?CNI @OH>;
G?HN;F ?G M?HNC>I G;N?LC;F H[I BX HIN_=C; >? L?=IHB?=CG?HNI AFI<;F H?MM?

JLCMG; N;G<]G H[I I ] ?G M?HNC>I @ILG;F MMCG H[I BX KO;FKO?L CGJ?>C
G?HNI J;L; ; ?G?H>; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F MOJLCGCH>I IO GI>C@C=;H>I I ;LN

>; IHMNCNOC\[Ip[746]
"G KO? J?M? HIMMI CH=IH@ILGCMGI NO>I CH>C=; KO? ; ;FN?L;\[I =IH
MNCNO=CIH;F ?MNX ; =;GCHBI ? G?MGI H[I PCHA;H>I ;AIL; =?LN;G?HN? HI @O
NOLI B;P?LX HIP; CHP?MNC>; H?MM? M?HNC>I M?H>I =IHP?HC?HN? <OM=;H>I

G;CIL ONCFC>;>? >I L;=CI=_HCI ;N] ;AIL; CH>C=;>I ; ;P?LCAO;\[I >I CGJ;=NI
>;;FN?L;\[IHI!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L
!? JLIHNI >O;M JIMMC<CFC>;>?M JI>?G M?L ;>GCNC>;M alternativamente ; ;FN?L;\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F NL;LX OG; HILG; >? ?@C=X=C; JF?H; ?
J;MM;LX ; P;F?L CG?>C;N;G?HN? M?H>I HIP;G?HN? ;JFC=;>IM IM ;LNM ?
;J?H;M J;L; IM G;CIL?M >? ;HIM IM G?HIL?M G?MGI J?F; ?KOCJ;L;\[I
?MN;L[I @IL; ?G OG; ?MJ]=C? >? L?JLCMNCH;\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >; HILG; J?H
;F GCFCN;L ; ;FN?L;\[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F NL;LX OG; HILG; >? ?@C=X=C; FCGCN;>;

>? JLCH=_JCI CHMNCNONCPI KO? ?G HIG? >I JLCH=_JCI >; F?A;FC>;>? CLX L?KO?L
?LOG;F?CIL>CHXLC;J;L;MO;;FN?L;\[IHIM a>CAIM-?H;CM
-;MM?GIMY;P;FC;\[I>?MM;MJIMMC<CFC>;>?M
/?JLCMNCH;\[I =IHMCMN? H; oL?MMOLL?C\[Ip >? OG; HILG; IONLIL; L?
PIA;>;IO HIJF;HI=IHMNCNO=CIH;F H[IL?=?J=CIH;>;
*;DILCN;LC;G?HN? ;@;MN;
M? ; L?JLCMNCH;\[I JIL H[I M?L ;>GCNC>; HI
!CL?CNI <L;MCF?CLI ?R=?NI ?G L;L_MMCGIM =;MIM ?G KO? B;D; =IG;H>I ?RJL?MMI
H?MM? M?HNC>I ,JILNOHI J;L; NILH;L ; ?RJF;H;\[I G;CM =F;L; =CN;L DOFA;>I
>I-L?NaLCI"R=?FMI=IFBC>IJIL-?>LI)?HT;

oEmenta AL;PI L?ACG?HN;F m +[I N?G L;T[I I ;AL;P;HN? L?
=?J\[I >? F?C IL>CHXLC; =IGI F?C =IGJF?G?HN;L J?F; IHMNCNOC\[I JIMN?LCIL ;
?F; Ma I=ILL? =IG L?F;\[I ;IM M?OM >CMJIMCNCPIM ?G PCAIL KO;H>I >; JLIGOF
A;\[I >?MN; H[I B;P?H>I KO? JL?N?H>?L

M? ; I=ILL^H=C; >? ?@?CNI L?JLCMNCH
;NaLCI JILKO? I HIMMI MCMN?G; DOL_>C=I M;FPI >CMJIMC\[I ?G =IHNLXLCI H[I

;>GCN? ; L?JLCMNCH;\[I ;LNCAI I g I >; )?C >? &HNLI>O\[I YM +ILG;M >I
!CL?CNI L;MCF?CLI ;HNCA; )?C >? &HNLI>O\[I ;I a>CAI CPCF AL;PI ; KO? M?
H?A; JLIPCG?HNIr $/$

/0 /?F *CHCMNLI *IL?CL; FP?M !'
J "G?HN PIF
J m ; 1OLG; m ILCACH;F
M?GALC@IMp[747]
-?L=?<?
M? JILN;HNI KO? H?G I -I>?L IHMNCNOCHN? ,LCACHXLCI N?G
; =;J;=C>;>? >? L?JLCMNCH;L N;=CN;G?HN? OG; HILG; IONLIL; L?PIA;>; GOCNI

G?HIM M?H>I N;F JIMMC<CFC>;>? =IH@?LC>; ;I -I>?L IHMNCNOCHN? !?LCP;>I
+IN?
M? ;>?G;CM KO? I N?RNI @CH;F >; -" ;JLIP;>I J?F;
' >I 0?H;>I
H[I G?H=CIH; ?RJL?MM;G?HN? KO? IM ;LNM ? >I -* H[I B;P?H>I
@;F;L JILN;HNI ?GL?JLCMNCH;\[I
@;MN;>; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? L?JLCMNCH;\[I ; eHC=; PC; JIMM_P?F M?LC;

=IGJL??H>?L ; HIP; >CMJIMC\[I >I ;LN >; # =IGI OG; HILG; >? ?@C=X
=C;FCGCN;>; =;L?=?>IL;>?CHMNLOG?HNICH@L;=IHMNCNO=CIH;FJ;L;JI>?LPCA?L
IGI DX JIMNOF;>I I ;NI CH@L;=CIH;F ?MNX ;NL?F;>I ;I JLCH=_JCI >;

F?A;FC>;>? ? GOCNI G;CM I ?MNX I =LCG? MMCG =IG;H>; I CH=CMI 555&5 >I
;LN I >; # in verbis oH[I BX =LCG? M?G F?C ;HN?LCIL KO? I >?@CH; H?G
J?H; M?G JL]PC; =IGCH;\[I F?A;Fp +IN?
M? KO? N;F JLCH=_JCI N;G<]G PCH=OF;
;CGJIMC\[I>?J?H;
0CAHC@C=; >CT?L JIL IONL;M J;F;PL;M KO? NI>; ?MJ]=C? >? L?MJIHM;<
CFCT;\[I J?H;F M?D; J?F; =IH@CAOL;\[I >? OG =LCG? M?D; J?F; ;FN?L;\[I >;M L?
AL;M >? CGJIMC\[I >? J?H; ?MNX =IH>C=CIH;>; Y JL]PC; ?RCMN^H=C; >? OG; F?C
H[I<;MN;H>I;;<MNL;N;JL?PCM[I=IHMNCNO=CIH;F
Concluses -IL NO>I I KO? @IC ;>OTC>I JI>?GIM NL;\;L ;FAOG;M

=IH=FOMd?M A?L;CM ;HN?M >? JLIMM?AOCLGIM HI ?MNO>I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? H;
M?AOCHN?=IH@ILGC>;>?

J?FI ;NO;F IL>?H;G?HNI I G?HIL >? ;HIM H[I =IG?N? =LCG?

GCFCN;L G;M;NICH@L;=CIH;F
IL?ACMNLI>I;NICH@L;=CIH;F=;<?;I!?F?A;>I>?-IF_=C; CPCF
; H[I L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J?H;F H[I MCAHC@C=; CGJOHC>;>? JICM
B;P?LX J;L; I GCFCN;L ;>IF?M=?HN? ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >CM=CJFCH;L ? JIMM_P?F

L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J?F; DOMNC\; G?HILCMN; Y FOT >? OG !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L
'OP?HCF
; DOMNC\; G?HILCMN; JI>?LX >?CR;L >? ;JFC=;L G?>C>;M JLIN?NCP;M
IOMI=CI?>O=;NCP;M JIL?HN?H>^
F;MMO<MNCNO_>;MJ?F;M;H\[I>CM=CJFCH;L
B;P?H>I ; ;JFC=;\[I >? CHN?LH;\[I >?P?

M? <OM=;L ?MN;<?F?=C
G?HNI ;>?KO;>I ? OG KO;LN?F M?LC; C>?;F J;L; ?MM? @CG CH=FOMCP? =IG ;M
;NCPC>;>?MH?=?MMXLC;M>OL;HN?;CHN?LH;\[I>?MJILNI J?R
IM HIPIM LOGIM JIMNOF;H>I
M? ; L?>O\[I >; G;CILC>;>? J?H;F
M[ICH=IHMNCNO=CIH;CM
M? G?MGI ;MMCG PCHA;L ; ;FN?L;\[I ?G HIMMI ?HN?H>CG?HNI

>?P?LC; B;P?L ;FN?L;\[I F?ACMF;NCP; ?G I<M?LPZH=C; ;I JLCH=_JCI >; L?M?LP;
F?A;F
Embriaguez e seu tratamento no Cdigo Penal Militar
+I JF;HI >; CGJON;<CFC>;>? >?P?
M? ?MNO>;L I JLI<F?G; >;
?G<LC;AO?T
F;LI KO? HI =;MI >? OG; ?G<LC;AO?T J;NIFaAC=; =IGJLIP;>; JIL

J?L_=C; ?MJ?=_@C=; ?MN;L_;GIM >C;HN? >? OG; >I?H\; G?HN;F KO? MIG;>; Y
CH=;J;=C>;>? >? >CM=?LHCG?HNI F?P;LC; Y CHCGJON;<CFC>;>? HIM N?LGIM >I
caput >I;LN>I -*
IHNO>I ;CH>; KO? H[I M?D; J;NIFaAC=; o; ?G<LC;AO?T =IGJF?N;
JIL =;MI @ILNOCNI IO @IL\; G;CIL J?FI XF=IIF IO MO<MNZH=C;M ;HXFIA;M N;G
<]G =IHMNCNOC ?MN;>I JM_KOC=I J;NIFaAC=I ?R=FO>?HN? >; =;J;=C>;>? >? =OFJ
;<CFC>;>?p[748] +?MM? M?HNC>I >CMJd? I ;LN o+[I ] CAO;FG?HN?

CGJONXP?F I ;A?HN? KO? JIL ?G<LC;AO?T =IGJF?N; JLIP?HC?HN? >? =;MI @IL
NOCNI IO @IL\; G;CIL ?L; ;I N?GJI >; ;\[I IO >; IGCMM[I CHN?CL;G?HN? CH
=;J;T >? ?HN?H>?L I =;LXN?L =LCGCHIMI >I @;NI IO >? >?N?LGCH;L

M? >? ;=IL>I
=IG ?MM? ?HN?H>CG?HNIp "G<LC;AO?T @ILNOCN; ] ;KO?F; >?=ILL?HN? >I ;=;MI
KO;H>I JIL ?R?GJFI I ;A?HN? H[I NCHB; C>?C; >? KO? ?MN;P; CHA?LCH>I MO<
MNZH=C; ?HNILJ?=?HN? ?HKO;HNI ; ?G<LC;AO?T JIL @IL\; G;CIL ] ;KO?F; KO? M?

ILCACH; >? OG ?P?HNI H[I >IGCHXP?F J?FI ;A?HN? =IGI I =;MI >? CHA?MN[I >?
<?<C>; ;F=IaFC=; ?G OG NLIN? PCIF?HNI ;MI ; ?G<LC;AO?T N;G<]G JLIP?HC
?HN? >? =;MI @ILNOCNI IO @IL\; G;CIL H[I M?D; =IGJF?N; JI>? B;P?L L?>O\[I
>? OG ; >ICM N?L\IM >; J?H; HIM N?LGIM >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I G?MGI
;LNCAI
+[I M? ?R=FOC ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? JIL IONLI <IL>I HI =;MI >? ?G
<LC;AO?T PIFOHNXLC; IO =OFJIM; M?D; ?F; =IGJF?N; IO H[I "G<LC;AO?T PIFOH
NXLC; >?P? M?L =IGJL??H>C>; =IGI ;KO?F; ?G KO? I ;A?HN? KO?L ;F=;H\;L I
?MN;>I >? ?G<LC;AO?T JIL XF=IIF IO JIL MO<MNZH=C; KO? JLI>OT; ?@?CNI ;HX
FIAI =IGI;=I=;_H; ;B?LI_H;?N=

?G<LC;AO?T =OFJIM; JIL IONLI F;>I L?MOG?
M? H; MCNO;\[I ?G
KO? I ;A?HN? CHA?L? PIFOHN;LC;G?HN? I XF=IIF IO M? ONCFCT; >? MO<MNZH=C; KO?
=;OM? ?@?CNI ;HXFIAI JIL]G H[I >?M?D; ;F=;H\;L I ?MN;>I >? ?G<LC;AO?T
MIG?HN? I ;NCHACH>I J?F; @;FN; >? GI>?L;\[I J?FI =IHMOGI CGJLO>?HN? >;
MO<MNZH=C;
"G M?HNC>I F;NI JI>?
M? >CT?L KO? ; PIFOHN;LC?>;>? HI =IHMOGI >;
MO<MNZH=C; ?G<LC;A;HN? ?RCMN? N;HNI H; ?G<LC;AO?T PIFOHNXLC; ?G M?HNC>I
?MNLCNI JI>?H>I M?L =IHMC>?L;>; >IFIM; =IGI H; =OFJIM; +?MM;M >O;M MCNO
;\d?M KO;H>I ; ?G<LC;AO?T H[I ] JLIP?HC?HN? >? =;MI @ILNOCNI IO >? @IL\;
G;CIL ?MN;LX;CGJON;<CFC>;>?G;HNC>;J;L;I;A?HN?
#ILNOCN; ] ; ?G<LC;AO?T >?=ILL?HN? >I ;=;MI KO;H>I I ;A?HN? H[I
N?G ; G?HIL C>?C; >? KO? ?MNX M? ?G<LC;A;H>I =IGI H; GCMNOL; >? MO<MNZH
=C;M G?>C=;G?HNIM;M KO? =IG<CH;>;M F?P;G ; ?MM? ?MN;>I 1;G<]G ] @IL
NOCN; ;KO?F; >?=ILL?HN? >? G?LI ;=C>?HN? =IGI HI ?R?GJFI >? HNIFCM?C ?G

KO? I IJ?LXLCI >? OG; >?MNCF;LC; M? ?G<LC;A; J?F; CH;F;\[I >IM P;JIL?M >I
XF=IIF JL?M?HN?MH;XL?;?GKO?NL;<;FB;[749]
?G<LC;AO?T JLIP?HC?HN? >? @IL\; G;CIL =ICH=C>? =IG ;KO?F; ILC
ACH;>; >? ?P?HNIM MI<L? IM KO;CM I ;A?HN? H[I N?G =IHNLIF? =IGI HI =;MI >I
;A?HN? KO? ] I<LCA;>I ; CHA?LCL <?<C>; ;F=IaFC=; ?G OG NLIN?
;=;>^GC=I[750]
1L;N;
M? ;KOC >; N?ILC; actio libera in causa OG; >;M G;CM ?MJCH
BIM;M =IHMNLO\d?M L?@?L?HN?M Y =OFJ;<CFC>;>? JIL M?L ?HN?H>C>; =IGI L?MKO_
=CI >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F I<D?NCP; N?ILC; actio libera in causa ;\[I
FCPL? H; =IH>ON; N;G<]G ;>IN;>; HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG H[I ?R=FOC ; CG
JON;<CFC>;>? >? KO?G M? =IFI=IO >? @ILG; JLIJIMCN;F IO =OFJIM; H; JIMC\[I

>? CH=IHM=C^H=C; IO >? ;OM^H=C; >? ;ONI=IHNLIF? H?MM; =IH>C\[I JL;NC=;H>I
OG >?FCNI IHMC>?L;
M? KO? ; =IH>ON; ] =IGJIMN; >? >ICM GIG?HNIM HI
JLCG?CLI KO;H>I I=ILL? ; ?G<LC;AO?T I CH>CP_>OI ] FCPL? JI>?H>I IJN;L
JIL ?R?GJFI JIL H[I <?<?L HI M?AOH>I KO;H>I JL;NC=; ; =IH>ON; >?FCNCP;
HO=F?;L DX ?MNX MI< ?@?CNI >; MO<MNZH=C; ?G<LC;A;HN? JI>?H>I ?G =?LN;M
MCNO;\d?M >CM=?LHCL CH=IGJF?N; ? ?G IONL;M H[I I JI>?H>I =IGJF?N; "G

L;T[I >; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ?M=IFB?L HI JLCG?CLI GIG?HNI ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? ]
G;HNC>;JILOG;IJ\[IF?ACMF;NCP; L?MN;H>IL?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I;I;A?HN?
"HMCH; ]M;L !;LCI *;LC;HI KO? Y FOT ?MNLCN; >; N?ILC; actio ibera
in causa J;L; KO? BIOP?MM? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I I >IFI IO ; =OFJ; =IH@ILG? I
=;MI >?P?LC;G ?MN;L JL?M?HN?M N;HNI ?G L?F;\[I Y ?G<LC;AO?T KO;HNI HI @;NI

KO? ; MO=?>? IHNO>I L?MM;FN; I ;ONIL KO? G?MGI B;P?H>I =IGJF?N; ?G
<LC;AO?T PIFOHNXLC; =OFJIM; IO >IFIM; ; F?C J?H;F =IGOG ? N;G<]G I @?T ;

GCFCN;L =IH@?L? ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >I ;A?HN? I KO? H; MO; PCM[I
CH?KOCPI=;G?HN? =IH@CAOL;
M??GL?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?J?H;FI<D?NCP;[751]
IG ?@?CNI ;KO?F? KO? M? ?H=IHNL; =IGJF?N; IO J;L=C;FG?HN? ?G
<LC;A;>I JIL MO; PIHN;>? N;G<]G H[I N?G =;J;=C>;>? J;L; ?HN?H>?L ; CFC
=CNO>? >? MO; =IH>ON; JIL]G ; actio libera in causa JIMMC<CFCN; ; L?MJIHM;<
CFCT;\[I J?H;F H; M?AOCHN? JLIJIMC\[I ; ;NLC<OC\[I >I L?MOFN;>I N_JC=I ;I

;ONIL @OH>;G?HN;
M? HI GIG?HNI ?G KO? B;PC; =;J;=C>;>? >?

=OFJ;<CFC>;>? JILN;HNI ;HN?LCIL ;I @;NI =LCGCHIMI >IFIMI IO =OFJIMI ?G

KO? ?H=IHNL; ; MO<MOH\[I ;I NCJI F?A;F N?ILC; >I NCJI "G MOG; I @OH>;
G?HNI J;L; ; =;J;=C>;>? >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?MNX H[I HI GIG?HNI volitivo

G;M HI GIG?HNI intelectual >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? IGI DX >CMM?GIM ?MM? ?H
N?H>CG?HNI ;MMCG =IGI NI>; ; =IHMNLO\[I ;=?L=; >; actio libera in causa ]
GOCNI =IG<;NC>I B;P?H>I HINXP?CM PIT?M KO? M? F?P;HN;G ?G @;PIL >; H[I
L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[IJ?H;F?G=;MIM>??G<LC;AO?T=IGJF?N;PIFOHNXLC;
OLCIMI HIN;L KO? =IGI =IHM?KO^H=C; F?A;F >; ?G<LC;AO?T H[I
JLIP?HC?HN? >? ?HA;HI =;MI @ILNOCNI IO @IL\; G;CIL N?L
M?
X ; ;AL;P;\[I >;
J?H; HIM N?LGIM >; ;F_H?; c >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN >I -* JL?PCM[I KO? ]
GOCNIG;CM=IGJF?R;>IKO?;J;L?HN;?GJLCG?CL;F?CNOL;
M? P?LC@C=;L KO? ; =CL=OHMNZH=C; ;AL;P;HN?
J?F; ?G<LC;AO?T H[I L?MOFN;HN? >? =;MI @ILNOCNI @IL\; G;CIL IO ?HA;HI
;J?H;M M? ;JFC=; ;I GCFCN;L PCMNI KO? J;L; I H[I GCFCN;L HIM N?LGIM >I J;LX
AL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN ; ;AL;P;\[I MIG?HN? I=ILL?LX H; ?G<LC;AO?T H[I

;J?H;M PIFOHNXLC; G;M ?G OG H_P?F ;=CG; H; ?G<LC;AO?T >?HIGCH;>; preordenada IO M?D; ;KO?F; ?G KO? I ;A?HN? <OM=; I ?MN;>I >? ?G<LC;AO?T
J;L;N?L JIL?R?GJFI ;=IL;A?G>?JL;NC=;LI>?FCNI?GGIG?HNIJIMN?LCIL
,ONLI JIHNI L?F?P;HN? >CT L?MJ?CNI Y HIP; KO?MN[I KO? MOLA? H; F?
NL; c >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN KO;F M?D; ; ?G<LC;AO?T ILCOH>; >? engano J;
F;PL; H[I =IHN?GJF;>; J;L; ; ?R=FOM[I >; CGJON;<CFC>;>? HI ;LN >I -*
JaM >?NC>I L;=CI=_HCI ?G<IL; JIMM;G MOLACL CHN?LJL?N;\d?M >CP?LA?HN?M

?HN?H>?GIM KO? >; CHN?LJL?N;\[I MCMN^GC=; >I -* @I=;H>I IM ;LNM ?
>?P?GIM ?HN?H>?L KO? ; ?G<LC;AO?T JIL GINCPI >? @IL\; G;CIL IO JIL
=;MI @ILNOCNI M[I MCHbHCG;M >? ?G<LC;AO?T CHPIFOHNXLC; JI>?H>I M? =IG
JF?N; ?R=FOCL ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? ? M? CH=IGJF?N; ;N?HO;L ; J?H; ?F; M?
IJd? ; ?G<LC;AO?T PIFOHNXLC; ?G M?HNC>I F;NI IO M?D; H[I ;GJ;L;>; JIL

GINCPI >? @IL\; G;CIL IO JIL =;MI @ILNOCNI JI>?H>I =IGI ;=CG; DX G?H
=CIH;>I L?MOFN;L >? =IH>ON; >IFIM; PIFOHNXLC; ?G M?HNC>I ?MNLCNI IO

=OFJIM; KO;H>I ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? ?MN;LX CHN;=N; M?D; ; ?G<LC;AO?T =IGJF?N;
IO CH=IGJF?N; ?G<LC;AO?T =OFJIM; HI HIMMI ?HN?H>?L ;CH>; KO? ILCOH>;
>? OG; =IH>ON; CHC=C;F PIFOHNXLC; m DX KO? H[I M? I<LCAIO I ;A?HN? ;

=IHMOGCL ; MO<MNZH=C; ?G<LC;A;HN? m ILCACH;

M? N;G<]G JIL OG ?HA;HI
JIL ?R?GJFI I ;A?HN? >?M?D; CHA?LCL MO<MNZH=C; ;F=IaFC=; ?KOCPI=;H>I
M? H;
KO;HNC>;>? KO? MOJILN; J;L; G;HN?L
M? ?G >?M?DXP?F ?MN;>I >? =IHNLIF? IO
HI N?IL ;F=IaFC=I >; MO<MNZH=C; CHA?LC>; +?MN? =;MI ?G<IL; M?D; I ;A?HN?
CGJONXP?F H[I B;P?LX ; ;AL;P;\[I >? J?H; G?MGI KO? M?D; ?F? GCFCN;L
MMCG ; ?G<LC;AO?T JIL ?HA;HI =IH@OH>?
M? =IG ; ?G<LC;AO?T =OFJIM; ;
KO;F ?G<IL; H[I ?R=FO; ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? JIL H[I M?L JLIP?HC?HN? >? =;MI
@ILNOCNIIO@IL\;G;CIL H[IMCAHC@C=;LXN;G<]G;AL;P;\[I>;J?H;
-IL @CG BX KO? M?L G?H=CIH;>I ;CH>; KO? M? ; ?G<LC;AO?T @IL JL;N
C=;>; >OL;HN? I M?LPC\I B;P?LX CF_=CNI J?H;F JLaJLCI =;JCNOF;>I HI ;LN

>I -* KO? N;G<]G =IHMC>?L; =LCG? I ;JL?M?HN;L
M? ?G<LC;A;>I J;L; JL?
MN;LIM?LPC\I
-;L; G?FBIL =IGJL??HM[I JI>?L_;GIM L?MOGCL ; ?G<LC;AO?T HI

a>CAI-?H;F ;MNL?HM?HIM?AOCHN?KO;>LI
EMBRIAGUEZ NO CPM
Patolgica=IHMC>?L;>;>I?H\;G?HN;F? M?=IH>ONIL;;OG;@;FN;>?>CM
=?LHCG?HNI JI>?LXL?MOFN;LH;CHCGJON;<CFC>;>?>I;A?HN? H[IB;P?H>I@;F;L

?GL?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[IJ?H;FJIL?R=FOM[I>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?caput >I;LN>I
-* ;MIH[IMOJLCG;=IGJF?N;G?HN?I>CM=?LHCG?HNI M?LX=;MI>?M?GC
CGJON;<CFC>;>? KO?=IHMCMN??G=;OM;A?H]LC=;>?>CGCHOC\[I>?J?H; HIM

N?LGIM>IJ;LXAL;@IeHC=I>I;LN>I -*
Involuntria L?MOFN;HN?>?
=;MI@ILNOCNIIO@IL\;G;CIL
IOM?D; I;A?HN?H[IKO?LM?
?G<LC;A;LH?G=IHMIG?;
MO<MNZH=C;?G<LC;A;HN?JIL
MO;PIHN;>? ?MCGJIL
;=C>?HN?IO@IL\;>I;@;T^
FI
CompletaI;A?HN?M?LX=IHMC>?L;>ICHCG
JONXP?F H[IB;P?H>IKO?M?@;F;L?GL?
MJIHM;<CFCT;\[IJ?H;FJIL?R=FOM[I>;=OFJ
;<CFC>;>?caput >I;LN>I -*

IncompletaI;A?HN?M?LX=IHMC>?L;>ICG
JONXP?F B;P?H>I;J?H;M;;JFC=;\[I>?
=;OM;A?H]LC=;>?>CGCHOC\[I>;J?H;>I
=LCG?JL;NC=;>IMI<?MN;>I>??G<LC;AO?T
H;JLIJIL\[I>?OG;>ICMN?L\IMJ;LXAL;@I
eHC=I>I;LN>I -*

Em servio=LCG?GCFCN;L=;JCNOF;>IHI
;LN >I -* JI>?H>IB;P?L=IH=OLMI>?
=LCG?=IGOG>?FCNIJL;NC=;>IMI<I?MN;>I
>??G<LC;AO?T ;?R?GJFI>I>?FCNI>?PCIF
^H=C;=IHNL;MOJ?LCIL =;JCNOF;>IHI;LN

>I -*
Voluntria
em sentido lato
H[IL?MOFN
;HN?>?=;MI
@ILNOCNIIO
@IL\;G;CIL
IOM?D; I
;A?HN?=IH
MIG?;MO<
MNZH=C;?G
<LC;A;HN?
JILKO?
KO?L
Dolosa
PIFOHNXLC;
?GM?HNC>I
?MNLCNI IO
M?D; I
;A?HN?H[I
MaKO?L=IH
MOGCL;MO<
MNZH=C;?G
<LC;A;HN?
G;MKO?L
N;G<]G;N
CHACLI?M
N;>I>?
?G<LC;AO?T
Culposa
KO?M?=IH
@OH>?=IG
?G<LC;AO?T
JIL?HA;HI
Fora de
servio
Sem que
tenha
ocorrido
engano
Preordenada, completa ou
incompleta IOM?D; I
;A?HN?KO?L;NCHACLI?MN;>I>?
?G<LC;AO?T KO?FB?>;LX=IL
;A?GJ;L; JIMN?LCILG?HN?
JL;NC=;LOG>?FCNI;A?HN?CG
JONXP?F =IG;AL;P;\[I>;
J?H;>I=LCG?JL;NC=;>I?G
?MN;>I>??G<LC;AO?T M?D;I
;A?HN?GCFCN;LIO=CPCF;LN
&& c ?M?OJ;LXAL;@IeHC=I >I
-*
No preordenada, completa ou incompleta IO
M?D; I;A?HN?MIG?HN?KO?L;N
CHACLI?MN;>I>??G<LC;AO?T
H[IJ?HM;H>I?G=IG?N?L>?
FCNIJIMN?LCIL;A?HN?CG
JONXP?F =IG;AL;P;\[I>;
J?H;>I=LCG?JL;NC=;>I?G
?MN;>I>??G<LC;AO?T
MIG?HN?M?I;A?HN?@ILGCFCN;L
;LN && c ?M?OJ;LXAL;@I
eHC=I >I -*
Em servio?GL?AL; ;?G
<LC;AO?T=OFJIM; ;CH>;KO?
JIL?HA;HI G?MGI?MN;H>I
?GM?LPC\I H[IM?=IH@CAOL;
HI>?FCNIGCFCN;L;ONbHIGI>I
;LN KO?Ma=IGJILN;
@ILG;>IFIM;=IHNO>I >?P?
M?;P;FC;L;JIMMC<CFC>;>?>?
>IFI?P?HNO;F?M;<?LKO??MM;
?G<LC;AO?TH[I;@;MN;LX;CG
JON;<CFC>;>?>?IONLI>?FCNI
=IG?NC>IJIMN?LCILG?HN? MI<
?MM??MN;>I>??G<LC;AO?T
Fora de servio, completa
ou no I<PC;G?HN? OG;

?G<LC;AO?T=OFJIM; H[IJI>?
M?LL?IL>?H;>;NIG;H>I
M?
=OFJ;=IGIMCHbHCGI>??H
A;HI I;A?HN?M?LXCGJONXP?F
JIL]GH[IB;P?LX;AL;P;\[I
>;J?H;>I=LCG?JL;NC=;>I?G
?MN;>I>??G<LC;AO?T M?D;I
;A?HN?GCFCN;LIOH[I;LN
&& c >I -*
Emoo e paixo
-IL JL?PCM[I ?RJL?MM; I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG H[I =IHMC>?L; ;
?GI\[I ? ; J;CR[I =;OM;M KO? F?P;G Y CHCGJON;<CFC>;>? =IH@ILG? >CMJd? I
CH=CMI&>I;LN>I a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG
"G<IL; H[I B;D; >CMJIMCNCPI ?RJL?MMI H?MM? M?HNC>I J?FI MCF^H=CI

>; HILG; ; G?MG; =IGJL??HM[I >?P? M?L >;>; ;I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L IO
M?D; KO?G ;A? MI< ?GI\[I ;CH>; KO? PCIF?HN; IO MI< J;CR[I JI>?LX MI;CGJON;<CFC>;>? M?LL?MJIHM;<CFCT;>I
?GI\[I ] oOG ?MN;>I >? ZHCGI IO >? =IHM=C^H=C; =;L;=N?LCT;>I

JIL OG; PCP; ?R=CN;\[I >I M?HNCG?HNI V OG; @ILN? ? NL;HMCNaLC; J?LNOL<;\[I
>; ;@?NCPC>;>? ; KO? ?MN[I FCA;>;M =?LN;M P;LC;\d?M MIGXNC=;M IO GI>C
@C=;\d?M J;LNC=OF;L?M >;M @OH\d?M >; PC>; ILAZHC=; JOFM;L JL?=_JCN? >I =IL
;\[I ;FN?L;\d?M N]LGC=;M ;OG?HNI >; CLLCA;\[I =?L?<L;F ;=?F?L;\[I >I LCNGI
L?MJCL;NaLCI ;FN?L;\d?M P;MIGINIL;M CHN?HM; J;FC>?T IO CHN?HMI LO<IL
NL?GIL?M @?HbG?HIM GOM=OF;L?M ;FN?L;\[I >;M M?=L?\d?M MOIL FXALCG;M
?N=p[752] MMCG M[I ?R?GJFIM >? ?GI\[I ; ;F?ALC; ; NLCMN?T; ; ;HMC?>;>?
?N=
M ?GI\d?M JI>?G M?L astnicas IO estnicas M JLCG?CL;M M[I

=IGJL??H>C>;M =IGI ;KO?F;M JL?M?HN?M ?G KO?G MI@L? >?<CFC>;>? ILAZHC=;
KO? A?L;G J;PIL G?>I >?M?MJ?LI ?N= M estnicas >?=ILL?G >? OG; J?MMI;
PCAILIM; @ILN? ? ;NCP; L?MOFN;H>I ?G =aF?L; >?MN?GJ?LI %X MCNO;\d?M @LIH
N?CLC\;M KO;H>IOG?MN;>IJI>?A?L;LIIONLI[753]

0?D; =IGI @IL ; ?GI\[I H[I ?R=FOCLX ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? JI>?H>I

;J?H;M JLCPCF?AC;L ;FAOHM >?FCNIM =;MI >I BIGC=_>CI ;LN g I >I -*
? >; F?M[I =ILJIL;F ;LN g I >I -* IO ;N?HO;L ; ;JFC=;\[I >; J?H;
>? IONLIM NCJIM J?H;CM ;LN &&& c >I -* KO;H>I PCIF?HN; ? JLIPI=;>;
JIL;NICHDOMNI>;P_NCG;
J;CR[I JIL M?O NOLHI JI>? M?L >?@CHC>; =IGI ILCACHXLC; >;
?GI\[I JIL]G >? G;H?CL; G;CM ?R;=?L<;>; F?P;>; ;I ?RNL?GI ? >? @ILG;
G;CM >OL;>IOL; =;OM;H>I G;CIL?M ;FN?L;\d?M H?LPIM;M IO JM_KOC=;M M?H>I
?R?GJFIMIa>CI I;GIL ;PCHA;H\; I=CeG??N=
)IAI M? J?L=?<? KO? ; J;CR[I M?H>I =IH=?CNO;>; =IGI ?GI\[I ?R
;=?L<;>; JI>? =IH@OH>CL

M? =IG ; ?GI\[I PCIF?HN; ;P;MM;F;>IL; ? JIL
CMMI ?G<IL; em regra H[I ?R=FO; ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? JI>? N?L I G?MGI
?@?CNI F?A;F HI -* KO? ; PCIF?HN; ?GI\[I IO M?D; JLCPCF]ACI ?G ;FAOHM
=LCG?M IO =CL=OHMNZH=C; ;N?HO;HN? ?G IONLIM "RJL?MM;G?HN? I a>CAI -?H
;F ;MNL?HM? ;J?H;M M? L?@?L? Y J;CR[I HI >?FCNI >? ;<OMI >? J?MMI; ;LN
>CMJIH>I M?L =LCG? ;J?H;>I =IG L?=FOM[I >? >ICM ; M?CM ;HIM I ;NI >?
o;<OM;L ?G JLIP?CNI JLaJLCI IO ;FB?CI HI ?R?L=_=CI >? @OH\[I ?G OHC>;>?

L?J;LNC\[I IO ?MN;<?F?=CG?HNI GCFCN;L >; H?=?MMC>;>? J;CR[I IO CH?RJ?LC^H
=C; IO >; >I?H\; IO >?@C=C^H=C; G?HN;F >? IONL?G CH>OTCH>I

I Y JLXNC=; >?
;NI KO? JLI>OT; ?@?CNI DOL_>C=I ?G JL?DO_TI JLaJLCI IO >? N?L=?CLI IO ?G
>?NLCG?HNI >; ;>GCHCMNL;\[I GCFCN;Lp /?MM;FN?
M? KO? ;KOC ; J;CR[I H[I ]
JIF;LCT;>; H; MOD?C\[I ;NCP; ? MCG H; J;MMCP; H[I M? ;@CAOL;H>I ;I KO? @IC
>CM=ONC>I;=CG;
+IN?
M? KO? ONCFCT;GIM =;ON?FIM;G?HN? ; ?RJL?MM[I o?G L?AL;p J;L;
>?@CHCL KO? ; ?GI\[I ? ; J;CR[I H[I ?R=FO?G ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? ? ?MM; =;ON?F;
M? DOMNC@C=; H; CGJILN;HN? I<M?LP;\[I NL;TC>; JIL ]M;L !;LCI *;LC;HI ;I
=IHMCAH;L KO? oM? ; ?GI\[I IO ; J;CR[I @IL?G >? =OHBI J;NIFaAC=I JI>?LX
I=ILL?L ; ?R=FOM[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>?p[754] G?H=CIH;H>I I ;ONIL ; L?AL; A?L
;F >I caput >I ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG =ILL?MJIH>?HN? ;I caput >I
;LN >I -* >?M>? KO? JL??H=BC>IM IM L?KOCMCNIM J;L; M? L?=IHB?=?L ;
CHCGJON;<CFC>;>?

c) Potencial conhecimento da ilicitude

CGJON;<CFC>;>? @ILH?=? ; <;M? J;L; I =IHB?=CG?HNI >; CFC=CNO>?
IO >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? "G IONLIM N?LGIM ; CGJON;<CFC>;>? F?P; Y JL?MOH
\[I >? KO? I ;A?HN? =IHB?=C; I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >? MO; =IH>ON; 1;F JL?MOH\[I
HI ?HN;HNI JI>? M?L ;@;MN;>; JIL OG; ?RJFIL;\[I G;CM ?MJ?=_@C=; G;CM
;@?CN; YM =CL=OHMNZH=C;M >I ;A?HN? KO;H>I M? JI>? =IH=FOCL KO? H[I ?L; ?F?
M?KO?L JIN?H=C;FG?HN? =;J;T >? =IHB?=?L ; CFC=CNO>? -;L; M? ;@?LCL ; =OFJ;<
CFC>;>? JILN;HNI N;G<]G ] H?=?MMXLCI KO? oI MOD?CNI JIMM; =IHB?=?L G?>C
;HN?;FAOG?M@IL\I>?=IHM=C^H=C; ;;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?>?MO;=IH>ON;p[755]
-;L; I =;OM;FCMGI =IGI I >IFI M? MCNO;P; H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?MM;
=IHM=C^H=C; >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? M? MCNO;P; HI >IFI dolus malus IO dolo

normativo %ID? ?HNL?N;HNI =IG I >IFI >?MFI=;>I J;L; I CHDOMNI N_JC=I
dolo natural G;CM JL?=CM;G?HN? HI @;NI N_JC=I M?J;LIO
M? >; ;OM^H=C; >I
=IHB?=CG?HNI >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? I KO? MCAHC@C=; >CT?L KO? OG; P?T H[I
=IHB?=C>; ; CFC=CNO>? >I @;NI HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG H[I B;P?LX ?R=FOM[I
>?>IFI G;M>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?M?CHP?H=_P?F?MM;CAHILZH=C;
)?G<L?GI
HIM JILN;HNI >? KO? HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ; CA
HILZH=C; >; CFC=CNO>? H[I ;@;MN; I >IFI JILKO;HNI H[I I CHN?AL; .O?G ;A?
M?G ;I G?HIM JIN?H=C;FG?HN? =IHB?=?L ; CFC=CNO>? ;J?M;L >? ;ACL >I
FIM;G?HN? ?MN;LX H; PCM[I G;CM ;=?CN; ?G ?R=FO>?HN? >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? >?
HIGCH;>; ?LLI MI<L? ; CFC=CNO>? >I @;NI HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN >I L?@?LC>I
>CJFIG; "G IONL; ;<IL>;A?G HI ?HN;HNI I ?LLI N;G<]G JI>?LX ?R=FOCL I

>IFI H[I J?F; CH=IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? G;M JIL ?FCGCH;L I L?KOCMCNI =IA
HCNCPI IO I PIFCNCPI F?P;H>I ; OG; =;OM; KO? JI>? ?R=FOCL ; NCJC=C>;>? DX

KO? FX ?MNX ;FI=;>; HI CHN?LCIL >; =IH>ON; ; JLI<F?GXNC=; >I >IFI HI =IH
B?=C>I?LLIMI<L??F?G?HNI=IHMNCNONCPI>INCJI;LN >I -
+I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ; ?R=FOM[I >I >IFI M?D; J?F; ;OM^H=C; >?
M?OM ?F?G?HNIM =IAHCNCPI IO PIFCNCPI =IGI N;G<]G J?F; ;OM^H=C; L?;F >;
=IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? KO? =IGJd? I >IFI CGJFC=;LX ?R=FOM[I >; =OFJ;<CF
C>;>? JIL ?R?GJFI JIL L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >I ?LLI >? @;NI HIM N?LGIM >I ;LN
>I -*

MMCG ;I M? >CM=ONCL ; =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? N;HNI HI - =IGI

HI -* >?P?
M? CH=OLMCIH;L H; >CM=OMM[I >I ?LLI ? >? MO;M P;LC;\d?M HOG ?
HIONLI>CJFIG; IKO?@;L?GIM;J;LNCL>?;AIL;
A problemtica do erro e a conscincia da ilicitude
Direito Penal comum "HN?H>?
M? JIL ?LLI OG; @;FM; =IG
JL??HM[I >; L?;FC>;>? OG; MOJIMC\[I ?KOCPI=;>; ;=?L=; >? >?N?LGCH;>I

@;NI IO =CL=OHMNZH=C; 1L;MF;>;H>I ?MM? =IH=?CNI J;L; I !CL?CNI -?H;F JI>?L
M?
C; ;@CLG;L KO? I ?LLI =;L;=N?LCT;
M? J?F; JLXNC=; >? OG; =IH>ON; =IHMC>
?L;>; N_JC=; =IHNLXLC; Y PIHN;>? >I ;A?HN? KO? MIG?HN? ; JL;NC=IO >;KO?F;
@ILG; JIL N?L CH=ILLC>I ?G OG ?KO_PI=I JI>?H>I N;F ?KO_PI=I CH=C>CL MI<L?
?F?G?HNIMJL?M?HN?MHI@;NIL?;FIOMI<L?;P?>;\[IF?A;FJ;L;?MM?;NO;L
1L;N;H>I
M? >I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG ; >C=INIGC; ;JL?M?HN;>; M?
>X HI ?LLI MI<L? ?F?G?HNIM =IHMNCNONCPIM >I NCJI IO MCGJF?MG?HN? ?LLI >?
NCJI ??LLIMI<L?;CFC=CNO>?>I@;NI IOMCGJF?MG?HN??LLI>?JLIC<C\[I
"G<IL; HI !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG ;I N?G; >; =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC
=CNO>? CHN?L?MM? ;J?H;M I ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I JILKO;HNI I ?LLI >? NCJI ;@?N; ;
NCJC=C>;>? JIL OG; KO?MN[I JLXNC=; >? G?FBIL ?MNO>I >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN
;L P?L?GIM H?MN? JIHNI ;M JLCH=CJ;CM =;L;=N?L_MNC=;M >? ;G<IM CHC=C;H>I

J?FI?LLI>?NCJI
Erro de tipo %X KO? @CLG;L CHC=C;FG?HN? KO? I erro de tipo JI>?
M?L essencial IO acidental
+I erro de tipo essencial I ?LLI CH=C>? MI<L? ?F?G?HNI =IHMNCNONCPI

>I =LCG? M?G I KO;F I CF_=CNI H[I I=ILL?LC; +[I BX H; =IH>ON; >I ;A?HN? ;
CHN?H\[I >? >?FCHKOCL NCJC=C>;>? I<D?NCP; ] ;F=;H\;>; JIL @;FM; =IG
JL??HM[I>;L?;FC>;>?
, >IFI HI MCMN?G; PCA?HN? HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG >?P? ;<L;HA?L
; =IHM=C^H=C; ? ; PIHN;>? ; L?MJ?CNI >IM elementos descritivos e normativos
>I NCJI F?A;F MMCG ?MN;LX ?R=FO_>I I >IFI KO;H>I I ;A?HN? NCP?L OG; @;FM;
J?L=?J\[I >IM ?F?G?HNIM =IHMNCNONCPIM >I NCJI IO M?D; MI<L? ; J?MMI; ; =IH
>ON; ;=ICM;?N=

IGI ?R?GJFIM >? ?LLI MI<L? IM elementos descritivos *CL;<?N?

=CN; I =;\;>IL KO? ;NCHA? OG @;T?H>?CLI J?HM;H>I ?MN;L ;FP?D;H>I ; =;\; I
J;C KO? ;JFC=; MO<MNZH=C; =ILLIMCP; MI<L? I @?LCG?HNI >I @CFBI J?HM;H>I M?L
JIG;>; =OL;NCP; IO ; A?MN;HN? KO? CHA?L? MO<MNZH=C; ;<ILNCP; J?HM;H>I M?L
=;FG;HN?[756] +?MM?M =;MIM I ?LLI CH=C>? MI<L? @;NIM KO? =IGJd?G ?F?
G?HNIM >I NCJI J?H;F IO M?D; I =;\;>IL H[I M;<? KO? G;N; algum I J;C
H[I M;<? KO? ofende a integridade fsica >? M?O @CFBI ? ; A?MN;HN? H[I M;<?
KO?;MO<MNZH=C;CHA?LC>;]G?>C=;G?HNIKO? provoca I;<ILNI
IGI DX ;MMCH;F;>I I ?LLI JI>? N;G<]G L?=;CL MI<L? I elemento

normativo >I NCJI =IH@CAOL;H>I
M? >; G?MG; @ILG; ?LLI >? NCJI ?R
=FO>?HN? >? >IFI MMCG M? I ;A?HN? M;C >? L?MN;OL;HN? ? F?P; =IHMCAI OG
AO;L>;
=BOP; J?HM;H>I M?L I M?O ? M? I ;A?HN? I@?L?=? P;HN;A?G ;
?GJL?A;>I >? ?GJL?M; J;L;?MN;N;F MOJIH>I H[I B;P?L ?KOCJ;L;\[I >?MN? ;
@OH=CIHXLCI Je<FC=I ;LN >I - I >IFI ?MN;LX ?R=FO_>I ?G ;G<IM IM
=;MIM
IG ; I=ILL^H=C; >I ?LLI >? NCJI >?M;J;L?=? ; @CH;FC>;>? N_JC=; ?RC
AC>; J;L; ; =IH@CAOL;\[I >I >?FCNI J?F; teoria finalista da ao JICM NI>;
=IH>ON; BOG;H; NL;T ?G M?O <IDI OG @CG KO? >?P? M?L ;H;FCM;>I MIC=I "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M H[I BX HI ;A?HN? HIM =;MIM
MOJL;=CN;>IM ; PIHN;>? >? L?;FCT;L I NCJI I<D?NCPI G;HC@?MN;
M? ;J?H;M ;
NCJC=C>;>?I<D?NCP; ;@;MN;H>I
M?;NCJC=C>;>?MO<D?NCP;
, ;LN >I - =IGOG NL;T ?RJL?MM;G?HN? ; JL?PCM[I MI<L? I ?LLI

>? NCJI MI< ; LO<LC=; erro sobre elementos do tipo , g I >?MM? ;LNCAI NL;N;
>;M descriminantes putativas KO? J;L; J;LN? >; >IONLCH; ;>IN;H>I
M? ;
teoria extremada da culpabilidade >?P?G M?L =IHMC>?L;>;M erro de proibio ?H[I erro de tipo
IGI =IHM?KO^H=C; >I ?LLI >? NCJI ?MM?H=C;F M? CHP?H=_P?F ;@;MN;LX
H[I Ma I >IFI G;M N;G<]G ; =OFJ; >I ;A?HN? CGJILN;H>I ?G ;NCJC=C>;>? >I
@;NI ? JILN;HNI ?R=FOCH>I
M? I =LCG? -IL IONLI F;>I ?G M? NL;N;H>I >? OG
?LLI >? NCJI ?MM?H=C;F ;I KO;F JI>?LC; ?PCN;L ?MN;LX CHN;=N; ; =OFJ; JI>?H>I
; ?MM? N_NOFI L?MJIH>?L M? BIOP?L GI>;FC>;>? =OFJIM; >I >?FCNI ?G ;HXFCM?

"G IONL;M J;F;PL;M ?R=FO_>I I >IFI J?FI ?LLI >? NCJI ?MM?H=C;F >?P?
M?
;P;FC;L M? ?L; P?H=_P?F IO CHP?H=_P?F J?FI ;A?HN? MIG?HN? B;P?H>I NCJC=C>;>?
>I @;NI M? ; F?ACMF;\[I J?H;F I ?HOG?L;L =IGI =LCG? H; GI>;FC>;>? =OFJIM;
princpio da excepcionalidade do crime culposo
'X I erro acidental CH=C>? MI<L? @;NIM =IHMNCNONCPIM >I NCJI G;M
M?G L?F?PZH=C; J;L; ;F=;H\;L ; NCJC=C>;>? I<D?NCP; %X JILN;HNI NCJC=C>;>?
MO<D?NCP; ? J?LMCMN? ; NCJC=C>;>? I<D?NCP; 0?G ?F;M I =LCG? H[I >?CR; >? ?RC
MNCL MMCG I ;A?HN? KO? @OLN; M;=;M >? GCFBI >? OG ;LG;T]G MOJIH>I
NL;N;L
M? >? MID; erro de tipo acidental L?@?L?HN? Y =ICM; IO I ;A?HN? KO?
KO?L?H>I G;N;L A ;=;<; JIL ;NCHACL B =;OM;H>I
FB? ; GILN? erro de tipo
acidental L?@?L?HN? Y J?MMI; m ?LLI in persona IO aberratio ictus L?MJIH
>?LX ?G L?AL; HILG;FG?HN? J?FI >?FCNI JL;NC=;>I +IN?

M? KO? H?MM?M =;MIM
; CHN?H\[I >? JLXNC=; >I CF_=CNI J?FI ;A?HN? ?RCMN? ? I L?MOFN;>I MIG?HN? H[I
M?JLI=?MM;IOM?JLI=?MM;>?GI>I>CP?LMI;I;FG?D;>I
Erro de proibio +I KO? =IH=?LH? Y =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? ;

>CM=OMM[I CHAL?MM;LX J?FI ?MNO>I >I ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I ? >;M >?M=LCGCH;HN?M
JON;NCP;M @XNC=;M H?MN? =;MI =IG ; ;>I\[I >; N?ILC; ?RNL?G;>; >; =OFJ;<CFC>
;>? ?G IJIMC\[I Y N?ILC; FCGCN;>; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? +; teoria normativa

pura I N?G; ] >CM=ONC>I M?AOH>I I ?H@IKO? >;M N?ILC;M >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;
teoria extrema extremada IO estrita ?; teoria limitada
#LONI >I >?MFI=;G?HNI >I >IFI J;L; I NCJI >? CHDOMNI ? >I CMIF;
G?HNI >; =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? JIN?H=C;F ? H[I L?;F H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>?

JILN;HNI @LONI >; N?ILC; finalista ;M N?ILC;M >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? M[I =IH=IL>
;HN?M ?G =IH=?<?L ; L?F?PZH=C; >I ?LLI DOL_>C=I

J?H;F ?G >O;M M?;L;M KO;CM
M?D;G INCJI?;=IHM=C^H=C;>;CFC=CNO>?
!?MM; @ILG; M? I ?KO_PI=I >I ;A?HN? L?=;CL MI<L? ;FAOG >;>I ?F?
G?HNI KO? =IHMNCNO; I NCJI J?H;F ?MN;LX ?F? >C;HN? >? OG ?LLI >? NCJI KO?
MOLNCLX ?@?CNI HI >IFI -IL IONLI F;>I M? I ?LLI L?=;CL MI<L? ; CFC=CNO>? >; =IH
>ON; ?MN;LX I ;A?HN? >C;HN? >? OG ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I KO? JI>?LX M? CH
P?H=_P?F ?FCGCH;L ; =IHM=C^H=C; >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ? JIL =IHM?KO^H=C; ;

JLaJLC;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?

-;MM;
M? JILN;HNI Y HIP; >C=INIGC; ?HNL? ?LLI >? NCJI ? ?LLI >?
JLIC<C\[I BID?P?LC@C=;>;HI a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG
>CM=L?JZH=C; ?HNL? ;M N?ILC;M >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;JIHN;>;M ?R
NL?G;>; ? FCGCN;>; ?G G;N]LC; >I ?LLI L?JIOM; ;J?H;M HI NL;N;G?HNI >;>I

YM >?M=LCGCH;HN?M JON;NCP;M KO? J;L; ;FAOHM ?G M?H>I @XNC=;M =IH@CAOL;L
M?
C;G ?G ?LLI sui generis OG; N?L=?CL; GI>;FC>;>? ?RCMN?HN? ?HNL? I ?LLI
>?NCJI?I?LLI>?JLIC<C\[I
-;L; ; teoria extremada da culpabilidade NI>I ?LLI MI<L? ; ;HNC
DOLC>C=C>;>? >I @;NI MCAHC@C=; ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I JILN;HNI ;@?N;H>I ; =OFJ;<CF
C>;>? G?MGI KO? M?D; ?LLI MI<L? ;M =;OM;M >? DOMNC@C=;\[I oMMCG JIL ?R
?GJFI H; F?A_NCG; >?@?M; JON;NCP; ;NO; I ;A?HN? =IG >IFI M?GJL? M? M?O
?LLI ?L; JF?H;G?HN? DOMNC@C=;>I J?F;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M ?M=OMXP?F H[I BX =OFJ
;<CFC>;>? ? ?G =IHM?KO^H=C; H[I BX L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F >? IONLI F;>I

M? I ?LLI ?L; P?H=_P?F CH?M=OMXP?F ?LLI KO? >?LCP; >? =OFJ; BX ; =OFJ;<CF
C>;>? ? ; N?ILC; ?G >?MN;KO? MOMN?HN; KO? H?MN; BCJaN?M? MO<MCMN? ; L?
MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F J?FI NCJI >IFIMI =IG ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? L?>O\[I >;
J?H; >I =LCG? >IFIMI V CGJIMM_P?F >? ;=IL>I =IG ; N?ILC; ?RNL?G;>; >;
=OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;=IH>?H;\[I>I;A?HN?JIL=LCG?=OFJIMIp[757]
teoria limitada da culpabilidade N;G<]G =IHMC>?L; KO? ; =IH
M=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? H[I CHN?AL; I >IFI m JILN;HNI CHIP;\[I >IM JIMNOF;>IM
@CH;FCMN;M m ? >CPC>? I ?MNO>I >I ?LLI ?G ?LLI >? NCJI ? ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I >C
P?LACH>I >; teoria extremada ?HNL?N;HNI HI NL;N;G?HNI >I ?LLI MI<L? ;M

=;OM;M>?DOMNC@C=;\[I
-;L; ; teoria extremada H;M PXLC;M BCJaN?M?M >? ?LLI H;M >?M=LCG
CH;HN?M I >IFI @C=;LX CHN;=NI 'X ; oN?ILC; FCGCN;>; @;T OG; >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? I
?LLI KO? L?=;C MI<L? ; MCNO;\[I >? @;NI >?M=LCGCH;HN?M JON;NCP;M @XNC=;M ? I
?LLI >I ;A?HN? KO? L?=;C MI<L? ; ?RCMN^H=C; IO FCGCN?M DOL_>C=IM >? OG; =;OM;
>? DOMNC@C=;\[I >?G;CM BCJaN?M?M >? ?LLI H;M >?M=LCGCH;HN?M JON;NCP;M I
JLCG?CLI ] ?KOCJ;L;>I ; ?LLI >? NCJI =IG ?@?CNI >? ?R=FOCL I >IFI ?HKO;HNI
IM >ICM eFNCGIM M[I NL;N;>IM =IGI ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I Ma ?R=FO>?HN? IO ;N?HO
;HN?>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?p[758]

I >CM=ILL?L MI<L? I ;MMOHNI CN?H=IOLN L?;@CLG; ;FAOHM JIHNIM ?G

=IGOG ?HNL? ;M N?ILC;M >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGI I @;NI >? ;G<;M MCNO;L?G I
>IFI HI NCJI ? ; =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ? >? >?@?H>?L?G I
?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I CH?PCNXP?F =IGI =;OM; >? ?R=FOM[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? M?G
JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? JOHC\[I ; KO;FKO?L N_NOFI >? >IFI IO =OFJ; 'X =IGI >C@?L
?H\;M ;JIHN; I CHMCAH? >IONLCH;>IL oJ;L; ; N?ILC; ?RNL?G;>; NI>I ?

KO;FKO?L ?LLI KO? L?=;C; MI<L? OG; =;OM; >? DOMNC@C=;\[I ] ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I
=IG ;M =IHM?KO^H=C;M JLaJLC;M >?MM? NCJI >? ?LLI -;L; ; N?ILC; FCGCN;>; BX
>CMNCH\[I ?HNL? >O;M ?MJ]=C?M >? ?LLI OG; ; KO? L?=;C MI<L? IM JL?MMOJIMNIM
@XNC=IM >? OG; =;OM; >? DOMNC@C=;\[I KO? =IHMC>?L; NL;N;L
M? >? ?LLI >? NCJI
J?LGCMMCPI IONL; ; KO? L?=;C MI<L? ; ?RCMN^H=C; IO ; ;<L;HA^H=C; >; =;OM;
>?DOMNC@C=;\[I KO?=IHMC>?L;?LLI>?JLIC<C\[Ip[759]
CH>; KO? ; teoria extremada da culpabilidade M?D; ; >IGCH;HN?

?HNL? ;KO?F?M ;>?JNIM >I finalismo ;MM?HN? ; >IONLCH; H; ;@CLG;\[I >? KO? I
a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ;JaM ; L?@ILG; >; -;LN? $?L;F ?G ;>INIO ; teoria limitada da culpabilidade IG ?@?CNI H; "RJIMC\[I >? *INCPIM >; +IP;
-;LN? $?L;F >I a>CAI -?H;F ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? HI CN?G ;>GCN?
M? ; MCHNI
HC;=IG; teoria limitada da culpabilidade
3IFN?GIM ?HN[I Y >CM=OMM[I >I ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I NIG;H>I JIL

JL?GCMM;;N?ILC;?RNL?G;>;>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
+I erro de proibio m ;I =IHNLXLCI >I ?LLI >? NCJI KO? ?R=FOC I
>IFI ? M? NL;>OT J?F; CAHILZH=C; >I ;A?HN? MI<L? ; MO; =IH>ON; H[I M;<? I
KO? @;T m ?PC>?H=C;
M? KO? I ;A?HN? M;<? I KO? ?MNX @;T?H>I JIL]G >?M=IH
B?=? MO; CFC=CNO>? M;<? I KO? @;T G;M ;=L?>CN; =IH>OTCL

M? >? ;=IL>I =IG ;
IL>?G DOL_>C=; CMNI ] KO? MO; =IH>ON; ] F_=CN; +?MM? =;MI ?MN;LX ;@;MN;>; ;
=IGJL??HM[I >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? >I @;NI ? JIL =IHM?KO^H=C; JI>?LX M?L
?FCGCH;>;;=OFJ;<CFC>;>? M?AOH>IIMJIMNOF;>IM>;N?ILC;HILG;NCP;JOL;
+I ?LLI >? NCJI ; N_NOFI >? =IGJ;L;\[I ; CH=C>^H=C; M? >X MI<L? IM

?F?G?HNIM >I NCJI J?H;F ?HKO;HNI I ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I L?=;C MI<L? ; =IH
M=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? >I @;NI KO? ] OG ?F?G?HNI IO JL?MMOJIMNI >; =OFJ;<CF
C>;>?+[IG?L?=? >?MM;LN? ;=IH>ON;;JL?=C;>;;L?JLIP;\[IMI=C;F

IGI PCGIM J;L; ; ?RCMN^H=C; >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ] GCMN?L KO? I

;A?HN? ;I G?HIM N?HB; ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? =IHB?=CG?HNI >; CFC=CNO>? >? MO;
=IH>ON; %X I ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I >?MM; @ILG; KO;H>I I ;A?HN? MOJd? KO?
M?O =IGJILN;G?HNI ] F_=CNI 1L;N;
M? >? OG =IHB?=CG?HNI ;=?MM_P?F ;I F?CAI
H[I ;I DOLCM=IHMOFNI L?JL?M?HN;H>I ; =;J;=C>;>? >? =IGJL??HM[I >I homo
medius ?RJL?MM[I GOCNI =IG<;NC>; JIL =;L?=?L >? JL?=CM[I G;M KO? ;CH>;
=IHNCHO;;ILC?HN;LIL;=CI=_HCIG]>CIH;>CM=OMM[I>I?LLI
&H=ILL? ?G erro de proibio JIL ?R?GJFI I ?GJL?A;>I KO? P?H>?

G?L=;>ILC; >I ?GJL?A;>IL =IG I ?M=IJI >? L?=?<?L M;FXLCIM ;NL;M;>IM
MOJIH>I M?L MO; =IH>ON; F_=CN; L?MM;FN?
M? KO? I DO_TI >?P? M?L I >I BIG?G
G]>CI <?G =IGI I ;A?HN? KO? ; J?>C>I >; P_NCG; >?MFCA; ;J;L?FBI KO?
G;HN]G @OH\[I PCN;F ?G >I?HN? N?LGCH;F P_NCG; MOJIH>I M?L F_=CN; ; JLXN
C=; >; ?ON;HXMC; &AO;FG?HN? CH=ILL? ?G ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I I ;A?HN? KO? JL;N
C=; =IHDOH\[I =;LH;F =IG ;FC?H;>; G?HN;F =IG I =IHM?HNCG?HNI >?MN;

>?M=IHB?=?H>I KO? HI =;MI BX HILG; ?RJL?MM; KO? F?P;LX Y =IH@CAOL;\[I
>I?MNOJLI>?POFH?LXP?F
>IONLCH; C>?HNC@C=; =IGI ?MJ]=C?M >? ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I erro de

proibio direto m CH=C>? >CL?N;G?HN? MI<L? ; HILG; IO ; F?C J?H;F =;MI >;
=IHDOH\[I =;LH;F =IG ;FC?H;>; G?HN;F ;=CG; =CN;>I erro de proibio
indireto N;G<]G =B;G;>I erro de permisso m N?G JIL I<D?NI ; L?JL?M
?HN;\[I >? =;OM;M >? DOMNC@C=;\[I ?RCMN?HN?M ;J?H;M H; =;<?\; >I ;A?HN? ?
H[I >? @;NI =;MI >I ?GJL?A;>I KO? P?H>? G?L=;>ILC;M >I J;NL[I NIG;H>I
J;L; MC I P;FIL >; P?H>; JIL ?MN;L =IG M;FXLCIM ;NL;M;>IM erro de tipo
permissivo m =IHMCMN? H; @;FM; =IGJL??HM[I >; L?;FC>;>? ;=?L=; >? OG;
=;OM; >? ?R=FOM[I >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ?RCMN?HN? DOLC>C=;G?HN? JIL]G H[I
@;NC=;G?HN? M[I ;M >?M=LCGCH;HN?M JON;NCP;M @XNC=;M KO? =IHKO;HNI ; JL?
PCM[I F?A;F ?MN?D; HI g I >I ;LN >I - =IGI DX L?MM;FN;>I >?P?G M?L
=IHMC>?L;>;M erro de proibio <;M?;>I H; teoria extremada da
culpabilidade
-;L; KO? B;D; ; ?R=FOM[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?HNL?N;HNI I ?LLI >?P?
L?P?MNCL
M? >? CH?PCN;<CFC>;>? !?P? M?L ?M=OMXP?F CHP?H=_P?F ; JIHNI >? H[I
M?JI>?L?RCACL=IH>ON;>CP?LM;>I;A?HN?

Direito Penal Militar +I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L >? ?MNLONOL;

causalista neoclssica H[I ] ?MM; ; =IH@ILG;\[I ; M?L >;>; ;I ;MMOHNI ?
J;L; ?HN?H>^
F; @;\;GIM OG; <L?P? L?=;JCNOF;\[I >; =IH=?J\[I >; =OFJ;<CF
C>;>? HI GI>?FI >I a>CAI ;MNL?HM? Y FOT >; N?ILC; JMC=IFaAC=I

HILG;NCP;
>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
"G M_HN?M? <?G ;J?LN;>; ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? KO? HI causalismo cls-
sico ?L; JOL;G?HN? JMC=IFaAC=; J;MMIO HI GI>?FI neoclssico ; =IHAL?A;L

IONLIM ?F?G?HNIM JI>?H>I M?L L?MOGC>IM ?G NL^M CGJON;<CFC>;>? >IFI
?=OFJ;?RCAC<CFC>;>?>?=IH>ON;=IH@ILG?;I!CL?CNI
%X KO? M? L?MM;FN;L =IGI ;=CG; MOM=CN;>I ; @OH>;G?HN;F ;FN?L;\[I
MCMN^GC=; HI KO? =IH=?LH? Y L?F;\[I ?HNL? >IFI ? =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? -IL
CH@FO^H=C; >; N?ILC; N?F?IFaAC=; >I !CL?CNI KO? F?PIO Y =OFJ;<CFC>;>? HILG
;NCP; ?G OG M?HNC>I ;RCIFaAC=I J;MMIO

M? o; ;=?CN;L ; =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC
=CNO>? =IGI L?KOCMCNI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? G;CM JL?=CM;G?HN? =IGI >;>I KO? M?
;AL?A; ;I >IFI ? ;MMCG ;=IFB?
M? I >?HIGCH;>I dolus malus >IFI HILG;NCPI
IO >IFI DOL_>C=I CMNI ] >IFI G;CM =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>?p[760] "G IONLIM
N?LGIM ;KO?F? KO? H[I JIMMOC =IHM=C^H=C; >I CHDOMNI HI GIG?HNI >; ;\[I
H[IJI>?LXL?MJIH>?LJ?FI>?FCNI>?@ILG;>IFIM;
JLIJaMCNI >I ?MNO>I >I erro jurdico penal ; ;>I\[I >I dolus
malus L?J?L=ON? >CL?N;G?HN? HI N?G; JILKO;HNI ; ?RCA^H=C; >; =IHM=C^H=C;
>; CFC=CNO>? J;L; I L?=IHB?=CG?HNI >I >IFI JL?MMOJd? KO? I ;ONIL >?P; N?L
JF?H; =C^H=C; >IM ?F?G?HNIM =IHMNCNONCPIM >I NCJI ? N;G<]G ; =IHM=C^H=C;
L?;F >I CHDOMNI 0OLA?G JICM ;M N?ILC;M HILG;NCP;M >I >IFI a teoria estrita
IO extrema do dolo ?; teoria limitada do dolo
-IL ?MM;M N?ILC;M I ?LLI M?D; >? @;NI M?D; >? >CL?CNI =IGI >CMJd? I
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;@?N; >CL?N;G?HN? I >IFI JI>?H>I

M? M?>CG?HN;L KO? I
erro inevitvel MCAHC@C=; ?R=FOM[I >I >IFI ? N;G<]G >; =OFJ; ? JIL =IH
M?KO^H=C; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?HN?H>;

M? ?R=FOM[I >? L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H
;F -IL IONLI F;>I M?H>I I erro evitvel I >IFI N;G<]G ?MN;LC; ?R=FO_>I
L?MN;H>I ?HNL?N;HNI ; JOHC\[I J?FI >?FCNI =OFJIMI >?M>? KO? JL?PCMNI ?G F?C
teoria extrema do dolo IOJIL>IFIMIteoria limitada do dolo

%X >?MM;LN? OG; OHC@C=;\[I >I ?LLI IO M?D; o>?HNLI >?MM; =IH
=?J\[I H[I BX ?MJ;\I J;L; ; >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? ?LLI >? @;NI ? ?LLI >? >CL?CNI IO
M?AOCH>I ; N?LGCHIFIAC; GI>?LH; ?LLI >? NCJI ? ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I IG
?@?CNI M? I ?LLI >I ;A?HN? L?=;C MI<L? IM ?F?G?HNIM CHN?AL;HN?M >I NCJI ?F?
;@?N; I >IFI ? >I G?MGI GI>I M? L?=;C MI<L? ; JLIC<C\[I >; =IH>ON; N;G
<]G;@?N;I>IFI JILKO?>?F?@;TJ;LN?;=IHM=C^H=C;>;CFC=CNO>?p[761]
+?MM? =IHN?RNI >IONLCHXLCI M?AOCH>I ; NL;>C\[I LIG;H_MNC=; I

a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L ;>IN; ; >CMNCH\[I =FXMMC=; ?HNL? erro de direito ? erro de
fato HIN;>;G?HN? ?G M?OM ;LNM ? NI>IM CH@FO?H=C;H>I ; =OFJ;<CF
C>;>? J?F; =IHMN;N;\[I >I >IFI ? >? MO; CHN?HMC>;>? 1;F =F;MMC@C=;\[I MCAHC
@C=; @LIHN;F >CP?LA^H=C; =IG I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG KO? =IGI ;MMCH;F;>I
=IHM;AL;I erro de tipo ?I erro de proibio ;LNM ?
Erro de fato , ;LN >I a>CAI ;MNL?HM? =OC>; >I erro de fato
essencial >CMJIH>I in verbis: oV CM?HNI >? J?H; KO?G ;I JL;NC=;L I =LCG?
MOJd? JIL ?LLI JF?H;G?HN? ?M=OMXP?F ; CH?RCMN^H=C; >? =CL=OHMNZH=C; >? @;NI
KO? I =IHMNCNOC IO ; ?RCMN^H=C; >? MCNO;\[I >? @;NI KO? NILH;LC; ; ;\[I
F?A_NCG;p
+IN;
M? HI >CMJIMCNCPI ;=CG; KO? I ;LNCAI ;JL?M?HN; >O;M JIMMC<CF
C>;>?M J;L; KO? M? P?LC@CKO? I erro de fato essencial JLCG?CL; KO;H>I I

;A?HN? MOJd? HI GIG?HNI >; =IH>ON; CH?RCMNCL ;FAOG; MCNO;\[I >? @;NI KO?
=IHMNCNOC I =LCG? -I>?
M? >;L =IGI ?R?GJFI I GCFCN;L KO? ;NCL; =IHNL; OG
;FPI HI ?MN;H>? >? NCLI MOJIH>I inexistir ;FAO]G ;NLXM >?MN? PCH>I ; ;NCHACL
; MCFBO?N; ? ; J?MMI; KO? ?MN;P; ;NLXM #C=; =F;LI KO? I ;A?HN? MOJOHB; CH?RC
MNCL ;FAO]G ;NLXM >I ;FPI M?AOH>; GI>;FC>;>? >CT L?MJ?CNI GOCNI ?G<IL;
H[I B;D; OG >?MN;KO? =IGI HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG YM >?M=LCGCH;HN?M JO
N;NCP;M PCMNI KO? I ;A?HN? MOJd? ?RCMNCL OG; MCNO;\[I @XNC=; KO? NILH;LC; MO;
=IH>ON; F?A;F -I>?
M? ?R?GJFC@C=;L =IG I GCFC=C;HI KO? J?LM?AO? G;LACH;F
KO? ;>?HNL; I KOCHN;F >? OG; L?MC>^H=C; H?MM? ;G<C?HN? ?G G?CI Y J?HOG
<L; ? P?H>I ;FAO]G PCL ?G MO; >CL?\[I =IG OG I<D?NI <LCFB;HN? H; G[I I
GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I >X ; PIT >? JLCM[I ? >C;HN? >? OG; L?;\[I <LOM=; >; J?MM
I; >? KO?G MIG?HN? PC; I POFNI >CMJ;L; ;NCHACH>I

; GILN;FG?HN? !?M=I<L?
JIMN?LCILG?HN? B;P?L ;NCHAC>I ; J?MMI; KO? J?LM?AOC; JIL]G ?MN; ?MN;P;

>?M;LG;>; ?GJOHB;H>I OG IONLI I<D?NI H; G[I +?MM? =;MI I JIFC=C;F

J?HM;P; ?MN;L ;GJ;L;>I JIL L?;F F?A_NCG; >?@?M; KO;H>I H; P?L>;>? H[I I
?MN;P; IO M?D; supunha existir situao de fato que tornaria a sua ao
legtima
, erro de fato essencial N?G JIL =IHM?KO^H=C; ; CM?H\[I >? J?H; M?
@IL ?M=OMXP?F CHP?H=_P?F CH?PCNXP?F "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M BX ?R=OFJ;\[I KO?
I=ILL? J?F; ?R=FOM[I >I >IFI DX KO? H; ?MNLONOL; =;OM;FCMN; H?I=FXMMC=; >I
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IGI ?R;OMNCP;G?HN? G?H=CIH;>I I >IFI ?MNX ;FI=;>I
H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;MI M? =IH@CAOL? ?G ?LLI P?H=_P?F KO? >?=ILL; >? =OFJ;
>I ;A?HN? ?G<IL; B;D; ; ?R=FOM[I >I >IFI J?LG;H?=?LX ; =OFJ; P;F?H>I
>CT?L KO? I ;A?HN? L?MJIH>?LX J?F; GI>;FC>;>? =OFJIM; >I >?FCNI M? BIOP?L
JL?PCM[I N_JC=; >?MM; GI>;FC>;>? =IH@ILG? >CMJd? I g I >I ;LN >I >CJ
FIG;?G=IG?HNI
"G<IL; B;D; ; JL?PCM[I F?A;F >I ?LLI >? @;NI I KO? M?G MIG<L; >?
>ePC>; J?LGCN? MO; ;JFC=;\[I J?FI IJ?L;>IL >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L
G;HN?H>I ; =I?L^H=C; >? HIMMI L;=CI=_HCI J;L?=?
HIM G;CM =IHM?HNZH?I I
?HN?H>CG?HNI M?AOH>I I GI>?FI @CH;FCMN; KO;H>I ?HN[I >?P?L_;GIM =CH>CL I

>CMJIMCNCPI -IL ?MM; JLIJIMN; H; JLCG?CL; BCJaN?M? supe a inexistncia de
situao de fato que constitui o crime N?L_;GIM ; ?R=FOM[I >I >IFI ; ?FCGCH
;L ; JLaJLC; =IH>ON; JILN;HNI OG JLI<F?G; >? NCJC=C>;>? ? H[I >? =OFJ;<CF
C>;>? ?LLI >? NCJI L?G;H?M=? ; =OFJ; KO? poder N;G<]G M?L ?R=FO_>; M?
JIL ?R?GJFI I ?LLI @IL CH?PCNXP?F JI>?H>I ;CH>; I=ILL?L ; ?R=FOM[I >;
=OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;>IN;H>I
M? ; N?ILC; HILG;NCP; JOL; ?G =;MI >? H[I B;P?L
;I G?HIM JIN?H=C;FG?HN? =IHM=C^H=C; >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? >; =IH>ON; ?LLI
MI<L? ; CFC=CNO>? >I @;NI 'X H; M?AOH>; JIMMC<CFC>;>? CHPI=;H>I
M? ; N?ILC;
?RNL?G;>; >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ; >?M=LCGCH;HN? JON;NCP; M?LC; ?HN?H>C>; =IGI
?MJ]=C? >? ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I ?R=OFJ;>; N;G<]G J?FI H[I =IHB?=CG?HNI >;
CFC=CNO>? PCMNI KO? I ;A?HN? KOCM ;ACL =IH@ILG? I >CL?CNI J?HM;H>I ?MN;L ;G
J;L;>IJILOG;?R=FO>?HN?>?;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>?
2G; J?LAOHN; H?MN? JIHNI ] =;<_P?F =IGI ;JFC=;L ; >C=INIGC; ?G
G;N]LC; >? ?LLI JL?PCMN; HI - M? I -* N?G ?RJL?MM; ? >CMNCHN;
=IH@ILG;\[I

-;L; L?MJIH>?L ; ?MM; CH>;A;\[I >?P?

M? JLCG?CLI L?MM;FN;L KO?
=IGI DX >?@?H>?GIM H?MN; I<L; ] J?L@?CN;G?HN? JIMM_P?F ; ;JFC=;\[I >? >IA
G;M @CH;FCMN;M IO >? KO;FKO?L IONLI GI>?FI KO? P?HB; ; M?L G;CM <?G =IH
MC>?L;>I ?G OG; GIF>OL; =;OM;FCMN; MI< J?H; >? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J?H;F

>?M=IGJ;MM;>; =IG ; GI>?LH; N?ILC; >I @;NI JOH_P?F >CPIL=C;>; ?G PXLCIM
JIHNIM >I B?LIC=I JLCH=_JCI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ? ?MM; ;JFC=;\[I N;G<]G DX
>?@?H>?GIM ?H=IHNL;LX FCGCN?M H; F?C M;FPI M? JIL =IHMNLO\[I ?MJ?=_@C=;
=IN?D;H>I I -* =IG ; IHMNCNOC\[I =IH=FOCL

M? J?F; H[I L?=?J\[I >? =?LNI
>CMJIMCNCPI KO;H>I MOLACLC; OG; F;=OH; H; HILG; J?H;F ;ONILCT;>IL; >? CH
N?AL;\[I JIL ;H;FIAC; in bonam partem -;L?=? ?R;N;G?HN? M?L I =;MI >;
MCMN?GXNC=; ;>IN;>; J?FI -* J;L; I ?LLI DOL_>C=I J?H;F GILG?HN? @I=;H>I
;;HXFCM?MI<L?I?LLI>?>CL?CNI
;JFC=;\[I >IM HIPIM >IAG;M @CH;FCMN;M ;I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L

H[I NL;T ?MJ?=C@C=;G?HN? HI KO? N;HA? ;I ?LLI >? @;NI ?MM?H=C;F =IHM?KO^H
=C;M JLXNC=;M GOCNI >CMNCHN;M >;M KO? M? P?LC@C=;LC;G =IG ; ;JFC=;\[I ?MNLCN;
>I ;LN I KO? DX H[I I=ILL? ?G M? NL;N;H>I >I ?LLI >? >CL?CNI =OD; ;J
FC=;\[I JOL; F?P;LC; ; JOHC\d?M ?RNL?G;G?HN? CHDOMN;M >CPIL=C;>;M >I

JLCH=_JCI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? GILG?HN? JIL JIMMC<CFCN;L OG; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?
J?H;F I<D?NCP; >?MJLIPC>; >? >IFI IO =OFJ; MMCG M? ;=?CN;LGIM ; CH=IH
MNCNO=CIH;FC>;>? >I ;LN >I -* =IGI ;<;CRI MOMN?HN;L?GIM >?P?

M?
;@;MN;L ?G HIG? >? OG; FIAC=C>;>? MCMN^GC=; H[I Ma I ?LLI >? >CL?CNI G;M
N;G<]G I ?LLI >? @;NI NL;MF;>;H>I JIL ;H;FIAC; ; >C=INIGC; PCA?HN? HI
a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG?LLI>?NCJI??LLI>?JLIC<C\[I
1I>;PC; H?=?MMXLCI F?G<L;L KO? HIMM; I<L; M? >?MNCH; ;I ?MNO>I >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L I KO? CGJFC=; N;G<]G M?O ?MNO>I >IAGXNC=I ?G ;FCHBI
;I ;NO;F >CJFIG; J?H;F =;MNL?HM? -IL ?MM; L;T[I J;L; IM KO? ;=?CN;G ; L?;F
C>;>? >I -* ?G G;N]LC; >? ?LLI M?G IM KO?MNCIH;G?HNIM @?CNIM JLIMM?AOC
GIMH;;HXFCM?>I;LN
+I erro de fato essencial =IG JL?PCM[I M?G?FB;HN? ;I ?LLI >? NCJI

HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ;LN g I >I - ; L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?H;F
JI>? L?=;CL MI<L? ;KO?F? KO? JLIPI=; I ?LLI M?D; ; N_NOFI >? =OFJ; IO >? >IFI
=IH@ILG? I =;MI ;LN g I >I -* MMCG M? OG G]>C=I GCFCN;L >;

;NCP; >?M?D;H>I G;N;L IONLI GCFCN;L ?G MCNO;\[I >? ;NCPC>;>? M?O J;=C?HN?
JL?M=L?P? G?>C=;G?HNI KO? FB? =;OM;LX ; GILN? M?H>I ?MN? CHD?N;>I JIL
OG; ?H@?LG?CL; N;G<]G GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; M? I ?LLI @IL CH?PCNXP?F IO M?D; M?
; ?H@?LG?CL; H[I ;NO;L =OFJIM;G?HN? ?G L?F;\[I ; ?F; KO? CHD?NIO I G?>C=
;G?HNI M?LX L?=IHB?=C>I I ?LLI >? @;NI ?MM?H=C;F H; JLCG?CL; BCJaN?M? >I
;LN >I -* >?P?H>I I G]>C=I GCFCN;L L?MJIH>?L =IGI ;ONIL >? BIGC=_
>CI>IFIMI JILN?LJLIPI=;>I>IFIM;G?HN?I?LLI>;?H@?LG?CL;
&G;ACH?
M? ?G IONLI ?R?GJFI KO? OG I@C=C;F >; -IF_=C; *CFCN;L
JF;H?D? OG; CHMNLO\[I >? ;<IL>;A?G JIFC=C;F J;L; ;FOHIM >? ?M=IF; >? @ILG
;\[I CH=FOMCP? >?N?LGCH;H>I KO? ;FAOHM >IM ;FOHIM J;L; ;F=;H\;L G;CIL
L?;FCMGI =IFIKO?G NL;D?M =CPCM ? M? ;LG?G =IG L?PaFP?L?M ? GOHC\[I >? @?M
NCG >?M?H=;>?;H>I ; MCGOF;\[I HI CHN?LCIL >I KO;LN?F G;M M?G ; =;ON?F; >?
>?N?LGCH;L ; NI>I I M?LPC\I >? >C; KO? ;PCM? KO?G CHAL?MM;L HI KO;LN?F >?
KO? N;F =?H; M? NL;N; >? OG; CHMNLO\[I ? H[I >? OG; CHP;M[I L?;F >I KO;LN?F
+?MM? =IHN?RNI ?G =IGJF?G?HNI OG M;LA?HNI M?G M;<?L >?MM; CHMNLO\[I
J;L; ;FOHIM ;N] G?MGI JIL H[I N?L MC>I ;PCM;>I J?F; $O;L>; >I .O;LN?F ?
J;L; NILH;L ;CH>; G;CM =L_P?F ; MCNO;\[I ?G J?L_I>I ?G KO? ;M 2HC>;>?M
*CFCN;L?M ?MN[I M?H>I P_NCG;M >? ;N;KO?M >? CHMNCNOC\d?M =LCGCHIM;M ;I P?LC@C
=;L ; =?H; MOJd? NL;N;L

M? >? OG; MCNO;\[I L?;F >;H>I PIT >? JLCM[I YM J?MM
I;M ?G NL;D?M =CPCM m H; P?L>;>? ;FOHIM >; ?M=IF; >? @ILG;\[I m KO? M?
PIFN;G J;L; I AL;>O;>I =IG ;LG; ?G JOHBI GINCP;H>I ;MMCG KO? ?MN?
>?M@CL; IM NCLIM J?HM;H>I ?MN;L ?G ?MNLCNI =OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F +?MM;
MCNO;\[I M? JLIPI=;>; F?M[I =ILJIL;F IO GILN? ?G OG >IM ;FOHIM >; ?M=IF;
I M;LA?HNI N?LC; ;AC>I ?G ?LLI >? @;NI ?MM?H=C;F HIM N?LGIM >; M?AOH>; J;LN?
>I caput >I ;LN =IHNO>I ; @ILG; H?AFCA?HN? =IGI ; CHMNLO\[I @IC JL?
J;L;>; =IFI=;LC; I M?O C>?;FCT;>IL I I@C=C;F H; FCHB; >? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I

J?H;F JIL N?L JLIPI=;>I =OFJIM;G?HN? I ?LLI >I M;LA?HNI ;LN g I >I
-* L?MJIH>?H>I JIL F?M[I =ILJIL;F IO BIGC=_>CI =IH@ILG? I L?MOFN;>I
I<NC>IH;@ILG;=OFJIM;
!?P?
M? HIN;L N;G<]G KO? I erro de fato N;F =IGI I=ILL? =IG I
erro de tipo HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG =IHN?GJF; ; ?MJ]=C? acidental KO?
N;G<]G CH=C>? MI<L? ; J?MMI; IO I I<D?NI H[I =IHMNCNOCH>I ?F?G?HNI

@OH>;G?HN;F >I =LCG? KO? J?LMCMN? ;J?M;L >I ?LLI NILH;H>I

M? CLL?F?P;HN?
J?H;FG?HN?
!?F? NL;N; I ;LN ? M?OM J;LXAL;@IM ?HOG?L;H>I =CL=OHMNZH=C;M
=IGII?LLI in persona aberratio ictus ? aberratio criminis
&HC=C?GIM J?FI ?LLI in persona ? J?FI aberratio ictus , caput >I
;LN >CMJd? KO? o.O;H>I I ;A?HN? JIL ?LLI >? J?L=?J\[I IO HI OMI >IM
G?CIM >? ?R?=O\[I IO IONLI ;=C>?HN? ;NCHA? OG; J?MMI; ?G P?T >? IONL;
L?MJIH>? =IGI M? NCP?MM? JL;NC=;>I I =LCG? =IHNL; ;KO?F; KO? L?;FG?HN? JL?
N?H>C; ;NCHACL !?P?G N?L

M? ?G =IHN; H[I ;M =IH>C\d?M ? KO;FC>;>?M >; P_
NCG; G;M ;M >; IONL; J?MMI; J;L; =IH@CAOL;\[I KO;FC@C=;\[I IO ?R=FOM[I >I
=LCG? ?;AL;P;\[IIO;N?HO;\[I>;J?H;p
#X=CF I<M?LP;L KO? ?G<IL; N?HB; ; LO<LC=; o?LLI MI<L? ; J?MMI;p I

>CMJIMCNCPI NL;HM=LCNI JL?P^ ;CH>; I ?LLI >? ?R?=O\[I aberratio ictus
>C@?L?H\; ?HNL? IM >ICM CHMNCNONIM ;MMCG HIM J;L?=? L?MC>? H; ILCA?G >I
?LLI "G<IL; ?G ;G<IM IM =;MIM ; =IH>ON; M?D; >CL?=CIH;>; ; OG; J?MMI;
JIL]G ;NCHACH>I J?MMI; >CP?LM; HI ?LLI MI<L? ; J?MMI; error in persona
BX ; =IH@OM[I H; G?HN? >I MOD?CNI ;NCPI KO? JIL ?R?GJFI H; J?HOG<L; >;
HICN? =IH@OH>? A =IG B 'X HI =;MI >I ?LLI >? ?R?=O\[I I ;A?HN? >CL?=CIH;
; =IH>ON; J;L; ; J?MMI; =ILL?N; G;M JIL ;FAOG; @;FB; JIL ?R?GJFI JIL
?LLI >? JIHN;LC; ;=;<; ;NCHACH>I IONL; "G ;G<IM IM =;MIM =IGI >CMJd? I
;LNCAI I ;A?HN? >?P? L?MJIH>?L m M;FPI ?G =;MIM >? =LCG? CGJIMM_P?F JIL
?R?GJFI KO;H>I KO?L G;N;L A ? ;NCHA? B KO? DX ?MN;P; GILNI JIL IONLI
GINCPIm=IGIM?NCP?MM?;NCHAC>I;J?MMI;KO?>?M?D;P;
-I>?
M? =CN;L =IGI ?R?GJFI I GCFCN;L KO? KO?L ;AL?>CL M?O MOJ?LCIL
G;M I =IH@OH>? =IG OG MIF>;>I ? ;=;<; JIL ;NCHACL ?MN? +I =;MI N?L?GIM I
erro de fato acidental L?MJIH>?H>I I ;A?HN? =IGI M? NCP?MM? JL;NC=;>I ;
;AL?MM[I=IHNL;M?OMOJ?LCIL
N?H\[I GOCNI ?MJ?=C;F >?P? M?L >;>; Y J;LN? @CH;F >I ;LN KO?
J?LGCN? I NL;MF;>I >;M KO;FC>;>?M ? =IH>C\d?M >; P_NCG; CH=FOMCP? J;L; ; ?R
=FOM[I >I =LCG? -;L?=?

HIM a<PCI KO? ; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L JIMMC<CFCNIO H?MM?
JIHNI CH=FOMCP? ; =IGOHC=;\[I >? =IH>C\d?M JL?M?HN?M H; P_NCG; JIN?H=C;F

;KO?F; ; KO?G >?P?LC; M?L >CLCAC>; ; =IH>ON; KO? ?PC>?H=C?G ?R=FO>?HN?M

>? CFC=CNO>? J;L; ; P_NCG; L?;F ;KO?F; ; KO?G ; =IH>ON; >? @;NI ;NCHACO
?MM? >CMJIMCNCPI =IHNO>I >?P? M?L MIG;>I ;I ;LN >I -* KO? NL;N; >I
?R=?MMI H;M ?R=FO>?HN?M >? CFC=CNO>? MMCG M? OG JIFC=C;F GCFCN;L ;NCL;>IL
>? ?FCN? sniper G?>C;HN? ;ONILCT;\[I >I =IG;H>;HN? >? OG; IJ?L;\[I >?
A?L?H=C;G?HNI >? =LCM? >CL?=CIH; MO; =IH>ON; ; A KO? ;G?;\; ; PC>; >? B
JILN;HNI ?MN;H>I ; =IH>ON; >I GCFCN;L >I "MN;>I ;GJ;L;>; JIL ?MNLCNI
=OGJLCG?HNI >I >?P?L F?A;F ?LL;H>I I NCLI ? ;NCHACH>I C MO; =IH>ON; =IH
NCHO;LX ;GJ;L;>; J?F; ?R=FO>?HN? >? CFC=CNO>? JIL]G >?P?LX M?L ;H;FCM;>I I
?R=?MMI ?G MO;M @ILG;M >IFIM; =OFJIM; IO ?R=OFJXP?F JI>?H>I JIL ?R?G
JFI L?MJIH>?LJILBIGC=_>CI=OFJIMI?GL?F;\[I; C
JLIJaMCNI >I erro de fato acidental =;<? @;T?L =IG?HNXLCI MI<L?

I =IH@FCNI >? =IGJ?N^H=C; KO? JI>? MOLACL ?G L;T[I >; ?RCMN^H=C; >? JIL ?R
?GJFI aberratio ictus ? >; ;JFC=;\[I >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN I >I -*
?G @;=? >? =LCG? >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; KO? A;HBIO L?F?PZH=C; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F
=IG ; "G?H>; IHMNCNO=CIH;F H "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M M? I ;A?HN?
JL?N?H>? G;N;L OG GCFCN;L ? JIL ?LLI H; ?R?=O\[I ;=;<; JIL ;NCHACL OG =CPCF
>?KO?GM?LX;=IGJ?N^H=C;>?DOFA;G?HNI
-;L?=? ?PC>?HN? KO? I CHMNCNONI >I ?LLI >? @;NI ;=C>?HN;F M? =IHN]G
HI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L H[I M?H>I JIMM_P?F MO; CH@FO^H=C; ?G IONLI L;GI >I
!CL?CNI =IGI I -LI=?MMO;F -?H;F *CFCN;L ? I IHMNCNO=CIH;F -IL IONL;M F?
NL;M ?G<IL; I =LCG? JIMM; M?L =;L;=N?LCT;>I =IGI GCFCN;L JIL ;JFC=;\[I >I
;LN HI =;MI >I =LCG? >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>; HI JF;HI >; =IGJ?N^H=C; >?
DOFA;G?HNI KO? ?HPIFP? KO?MNd?M JLI=?MMO;CM J?H;CM GCFCN;L?M ? =IHMNCNO
=CIH;CM H[I BX KO? M? L?=IHB?=?L ; CH@FO^H=C; >I =CN;>I ;LNCAI J;L; ; >?@CH
C\[I>?=IGJ?N^H=C;
"G IONLIM N?LGIM >?P? JL?P;F?=?L I >CMJIMNI HI J;LXAL;@I eHC=I

>I ;LN I KO? ?G =IG<CH;\[I =IG IM ;LNM ? >; # ?MN;<?F?=?
=IGJ?N^H=C; ;<MIFON; ratione materiae @CLG;>; ?G L;T[I >; =IH>C\[I >I
MOD?CNI J;MMCPI >I CF_=CNI "G L?MOGI M?H>I I =LCG? >IFIMI =IHNL; ; PC>;
J?LJ?NL;>I =IHNL; =CPCF G?MGI =IHMC>?L;H>I
M? =IGI =LCG? GCFCN;L JIL ;J
FC=;\[I >I ;LN =IG<CH;>I =IG OG; >;M ;F_H?;M >I CH=CMI && >I ;LN I HI

ZG<CNI ?MN;>O;F ; =IGJ?N^H=C; >? DOFA;G?HNI M?LX >I 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC "MM;
>CM=OMM[I L?MM;FN?
M? @IC GOCNI <?G ?H@L?HN;>; JIL /IH;F>I 'I[I /INB ?G
;LNCAI?MJ?=_@C=I[762]
OLCIMI HIN;L KO? M? M? =OC>;L >? IONLI >?FCNI >? KO? L?MOFN? ;
GILN? JIL ?R?GJFI ; PCIF^H=C; =IHNL; MOJ?LCIL =IG L?MOFN;>I GILN? ;LN
g I >I -* ; PCNCG;\[I JIL ?LLI >? OG =CPCF H[I CGJFC=;LX ?G DOFA;
G?HNI J?FI 1LC<OH;F >I 'eLC ? MCG J?F; 'OMNC\; *CFCN;L DX KO? ?R=FO_>; ; L?
AL; >I J;LXAL;@I eHC=I >I ;LN I >I -* ? >I g I >I ;LN >; # JIL
H[I M? NL;N;L >? =LCG? =IHNL; ; PC>; m HI ?R?GJFI =CN;>I >; PCIF^H=C; =IHNL;
MOJ?LCIL I =LCG? ] =F;MMC@C=;>I =IGI >?FCNI =IHNL; ; BC?L;LKOC; ? ; >CM=CJFCH;
GCFCN;L
, ;LN >I -* JIMMOC ;CH>; ;M JL?PCMd?M >IM gg I ? I KO?
NL;N;G >I aberratio criminis IO M?D; I ?LLI MI<L? I =LCG? J?LJ?NL;>I ?G
@;=?>;F?M[I;<?GDOL_>C=I>CP?LMI>IJL?N?H>C>I
, g I >?MM? ;LNCAI >CMJd? KO? oM? JIL ?LLI IO IONLI ;=C>?HN? H;
?R?=O\[I ] ;NCHAC>I <?G DOL_>C=I >CP?LMI >I PCM;>I J?FI ;A?HN? L?MJIH>?
?MN? JIL =OFJ; M? I @;NI ] JL?PCMNI =IGI =LCG? =OFJIMIp IGI ?R?GJFI CG;
ACH?GIM OG GCFCN;L KO? >?M?D; =;OM;L >;HI ?G OG; D;H?F; >I KO;LN?F ? =IH
NL; ?F; ;LL?G?MM; OG; J?>L; ?LL;H>I I ;FPI ? ;NCHACH>I IONLI GCFCN;L
JLIPI=;H>I
FB? F?Md?M =ILJIL;CM IH@ILG? >?N?LGCH; I ;LNCAI >?P?LC; I
;A?HN? L?MJIH>?L JIL F?M[I =ILJIL;F =OFJIM; JL?PCMN; ?RJL?MM;G?HN? HI
a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L M?G L?MJIH>?L J?FI =LCG? >? >;HI H?G M?KO?L H;
GI>;FC>;>?N?HN;>; ?G;FCHBIY?MNLCN;JL?PCM[IF?A;F
-IL IONLI F;>I ] JIMM_P?F KO? I ;A?HN? ;F]G >? >;HC@C=;L ; D;H?F;
;NCHD; N;G<]G OG GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; =IH@CAOL;H>I
M? ; >OJFC=C>;>? >? L?M
OFN;>I +?MM? =;MI I ;A?HN? L?MJIH>?LX J?FIM >?FCNIM >? >;HI >IFIMI ? F?M[I
=ILJIL;F =OFJIM; ;JFC=;H>I
M? ; L?AL; >I ;LN >I -* KO? >CMJd? MI<L? I
=IH=OLMI >? =LCG?M HIM N?LGIM >I KO? ?MN;<?F?=? I g I >I ;LN >I
G?MGI a>CAI +IN?

M? KO? ; MCNO;\[I ?G @I=I JI>?LX >;L
M? CH=FOMCP? ?G
L?F;\[I ; >O;M J?MMI;M m ?R KO?L ;NCHACL A =IG OG NCLI ? ;=;<; ;NCHACH>I
N;G<]G B JLIPI=;H>I ; GILN? >? ;G<IM m H[I =IH@CAOL;H>I

JLIJLC;G?HN? OG ?LLI MI<L? I <?G DOL_>C=I ? MCG =IH=OLMI >? =LCG?M L?
MJIH>?H>I JIL OG L?MOFN;>I >IFIM;G?HN? ? JIL IONLI MI< ; @ILG; =OFJIM;

=IGI>?G;H>;IG?MGIJ;LXAL;@I
V JIMM_P?F JIL >?LL;>?CLI PCMFOG<L;L IONL;M BCJaN?M?M >? ?LLI >?
@;NI ;=C>?HN;F H[I =F;L;M IO H[I JL?PCMN;M H; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L IGI ?R?G
JFI =CN?GIMI?LLIMI<L?II<D?NI?I?LLIMI<L?IH?RI=;OM;F
+I JLCG?CLI =;MI BX ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? KO? I ;A?HN? KO?CL; JL;NC=;L

OG >?FCNI J;NLCGIHC;F JIL ?R?GJFI MI<L? OG I<D?NI G;N?LC;F >?@CHC>I G;M
JIL ?KO_PI=I ;=;<; >CLCACH>I MO; =IH>ON; J;L; IONLI I<D?NI ?R KO?L @OLN;L
L?PaFP?L =;FC<L? >; L?M?LP; >? ;LG;M G;M @OLN; JIL ?HA;HI ?G L;T[I >?
?MN;L ;=IH>C=CIH;>; ?G ?G<;F;A?G ?LL;>; OG; JCMNIF; =;FC<L? GG
+?MM? =;MI L?MJIH>?LX m M;FPI ?G BCJaN?M?M >? =LCG? CGJIMM_P?F =IGI
KO;H>I KO?L @OLN;L >?N?LGCH;>I I<D?NI ? JIL ?HA;HI @OLN; OG I<D?NI CF_=CNI
KO? H[I JI>? =IGJIL I J;NLCGbHCI <?G DOL_>C=I @I=;>I J?FI =LCG? >? @OLNI
mHILG;FG?HN?J?FI=LCG?>?@OLNI
+I =;MI >I ?LLI MI<L? I H?RI =;OM;F aberratio causae I ;A?HN?

?F?A? OG; @ILG; >? =;OM;\[I >I L?MOFN;>I J?HM;H>I N?L =IGJF?N;>I M?O CH
N?HNI JIL]G a posteriori =IHMN;N;

M? KO? ; JLI>O\[I >I L?MOFN;>I M? >?O
JIL IONLI G?CI IGI ?R?GJFI NIG?
M? I GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; KO? >?M?D; G;N;L
M?O =OHB;>I N;G<]G GCFCN;L >; ;NCP; ?F?A?H>I =IGI G?CI I ?M@;KO?;
G?HNI JaM >?M@?LCL PXLCIM AIFJ?M J?HM;H>I N?L >;>I =;; >? MO; P_
NCG; ; ;LL?G?MM; ?G OG LCI =IHMN;N;H>I

M? JIMN?LCILG?HN? KO? ; GILN?
@IL; JLIPI=;>; JIL ;@IA;G?HNI ? H[I JIL @?LC>; J?L@OLI=IHNOM; +?MM? =;MI
?G<IL; B;D; IJCHCd?M >CP?LA?HN?M J;L?=?
HIM ;>?KO;>; ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I
>I ;A?HN? JIL BIGC=_>CI >IFIMI =IHMOG;>I JILKO;HNI =IG MO; =IH>ON;
;NCHACO I L?MOFN;>I GILG?HN? JIL ;I ;LL?G?MM;L I =ILJI HI LCI M;<?L KO?
JI>?LC; M? ;CH>; H[I I BIOP?MM? =IHM?AOC>I >;L =;; PC>; >? MO; P_NCG;
=;L;=N?LCT;H>I
M? HIG_HCGI I>IFI?P?HNO;F
Erro de direito 0ICAI -?H;F *CFCN
;L JL?P^ ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? ;N?HO;\[I IO MO<MNCNOC\[I >? J?H; JIL OG; G;CM
<L;H>; KO;H>I I ;A?HN? MOJd? JIL ?LLI ?M=OMXP?F CH?PCNXP?F KO? MO;

=IH>ON; ] F_=CN; +IN?

M? ; <LON;F >CM=L?JZH=C; >? NL;N;G?HNI ?HNL? ; F?ACM
F;\[I J?H;F =IGOG ? ; GCFCN;L ?HKO;HNI ; CAHILZH=C; MI<L? ; CFC=CNO>?

J?LGCN? ;N] ; CM?H\[I >? J?H; HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ?R=FOM[I >; =OFJ;<CF
C>;>? HI a>CAI ;MNL?HM? ; J?H; JI>? HI GXRCGI M?L MO<MNCNO_>; JIL

OG; G;CM <L;H>; GCNCA;\[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ? G;CM ;CH>; ?G >?N?LGCH;
>IM >?FCNIM H[I M? ;JFC=;LX ?MM; L?AL; =LCG?M =IHNL; I >?P?L GCFCN;L m ;LNM
; >I -*
, erro de direito N;G<]G CH=C>? MI<L? ; =IGJL??HM[I >; CFC=CNO>?
>; =IH>ON; G;M ?MM? ?KO_PI=I ] L?MOFN;HN? >? CAHILZH=C; IO ?LLI >? CHN?L
JL?N;\[I >; F?C ? H[I >; @;FM; =IGJL??HM[I >I @;NI =IGI H; M?AOH>;
BCJaN?M?>I?LLI>?@;NI>?M=LCGCH;HN?JON;NCP;
+I ?MNO>I ?MJ?=_@C=I >; N?GXNC=; P;F? M?L NL;HM=LCNI ?R?GJFI KO?

>?GIHMNL;LX M?G MONCF?T;M ; CH=IHALO^H=C; ?G B;P?L >O;M LIOJ;A?HM F?A;CM
J;L; OG G?MGI @;NI "RNL;_>I >; I<L; >I -LI@ 'ILA? F<?LNI /IG?CLI
NILHIO
M? =FXMMC=I ? H[I @IC =IG<;NC>I J?F; >IONLCH; IHMCMN? H; M?AOCHN?
;@CLG;\[I
oFAO]G CHP;>? =IGJ;LNCG?HNI H[I ;<?LNI ;I Je<FC=I IH>? IONL?G
?R?L\;JLI@CMM[I MOJIH>IH[I?MN;LPCIF;H>IOG>IGC=_FCI
!? ;=IL>I =IG I -* NL;N;

M? >? ?LLI >? >CL?CNI ? =IG I =IGOG >? ?LLI >? NCJI JICM ?MNX ?M=LCNI ?G ;G<IM IM =a>CAIM KO? I =IG
J;LNCG?HNI ?G @I=I ] ;<L;HAC>I J?F; ?RJL?MM[I q=;M;r ?KOCP;F?HN? ; >IGC=_FCI

g I CH=CMI&&& >IM;LNM? >I -*?>I -=IGOG
MMCG JIL ;JFC=;\[I >I - =IGOG JI>?LC; B;P?L CM?H\[I >? J?H;
OG; P?T KO? I =LCG? >? PCIF;\[I >? >IGC=_FCI H[I ] JL?PCMNI =IGI =OFJIMI
;LN ?HKO;HNI JIL ;JFC=;\[I >I -* H[I J?H; N?LC; >? M?L CGJIMN;
H;@ILG;>?M?O;LNp[763]
Ex vi legis ; @CAOL; ?G KO?MN[I =IGI DX ;MMCH;F;>I J?LGCN? HI

GXRCGI ; GCNCA;\[I >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? HIN;>;G?HN? J?F; MO<MNCNOC\[I >;
J?H; =IGCH;>; JIL OG; G;CM <L;H>; IO J?F; ;N?HO;\[I m HIM J;LZG?NLIM >I
;LN >I -* H; ;OM^H=C; >I quantum H; ?RJL?MM; JL?PCM[I >I ;LN >I

G?MGI >CJFIG; m I KO? ?MNX ;<MOL>;G?HN? ?G >?M;FCHBI =IG ; >IONLCH;

=IHN?GJILZH?; MI<L?NO>IHIKO?N;HA?YHIP;=IGJL??HM[I>I>IFI
IGI M? M;<? ; GI>?LH; >IAGXNC=; ;=?H; HI M?HNC>I >? KO? I >IFI

M? NL;>OT J?F; =IHM=C^H=C; >IM ?F?G?HNIM =;L;=N?LCT;>IL?M >I NCJI J?H;F ?
J?F; PIHN;>? >? JL??H=B^
FIM IO =IGI GOCNI <?G MCHN?NCT; CN?H=IOLN o>IFI
] ; PIHN;>? >? L?;FCT;L I NCJI I<D?NCPI ILC?HN;>; J?FI =IHB?=CG?HNI >? MO;M
?F?G?HN;L?M HI =;MI =IH=L?NIp[764] IO ;CH>; HIM >CT?L?M >? CLCHI >IM
0;HNIM oI >IFI =IH@ILG? =IH=?CNI A?H?L;FCT;>I ] ; PIHN;>? =IHM=C?HN? >?
L?;FCT;L OG =LCG? IO G;CM N?=HC=;G?HN? I NCJI I<D?NCPI >? OG =LCG? N;G
<]G >?@CH_P?F =IGI M;<?L ? KO?L?L ?G L?F;\[I YM =CL=OHMNZH=C;M >? @;NI >I
NCJI F?A;F MMCG I >IFI ] =IGJIMNI >? OG ?F?G?HNI CHN?F?=NO;F =IHM=C^H=C;
HI M?HNC>I >? L?JL?M?HN;\[I JM_KOC=; ? >? OG ?F?G?HNI PIFCNCPI PIHN;>?
HI M?HNC>I >? >?=CM[I >? ;ACL =IGI @;NIL?M @ILG;>IL?M >; ;\[I N_JC=; >I
FIM;p[765]
"R;N;G?HN? HI elemento intelectual ] KO? L?MC>? ; <;M? >? KO?MNCI
H;G?HNI J;L; I CHMNCNONI IL; ;N;=;>I &HP?MNCA;H>I ;=?L=; >; ?RN?HM[I >?
=IHB?=CG?HNI ?RCAC>; N?L

M?
X ; <;M? J;L; ;@;MN;L ; ;JFC=;\[I >I ?LLI >?
>CL?CNI V >CT?L >?FCGCN;H>I ?R;N;G?HN? KO;F ; JLI@OH>C>;>? >? =IHB?=C
G?HNI >I CHDOMNI J?H;F PCMNI =IGI tipicidade antijurdica ?RCAC>; J;L; M?
=IH=FOCL JIL OG; =IH>ON; >IFIM; JI>?L
M?
X ;MM?HNCL H; ;JFC=;\[I >I >CM
JIMCNCPI >I ;LN IO MOMN?HN;L =IGI ?HN?H>?GIM G;CM ;>?KO;>I KO? =IH
KO;HNI H[I B;D; ; JL?PCM[I F?A;F I >IFI JI>? M?L ?R=FO_>I >; =IH>ON; N;F
KO;FI=ILL?HI?LLI>?NCJI HI a>CAI-?H;F=IGOG
>?G;CM N?GIM N;G<]G HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IGI HILN? ; ?R
=?J=CIH;FC>;>? >I =LCG? =OFJIMI ;LN J;LXAL;@I eHC=I P;F?H>I >CT?L

KO? NI>; ? KO;FKO?L =IH>ON; =OFJIM; H[I M?LX L?JLCGC>; =;MI ; F?C ?MJ?
=C@C=;G?HN? ; J;LN? KO? NL;N; >IM =LCG?M ?G ?MJ]=C? -;LN? "MJ?=C;F H[I
?HOH=C??MM;JIMMC<CFC>;>??RJL?MM;G?HN?
+I G?MGI M?HNC>I N?GIM ; F?A;FC>;>? ;LN I >I -* =IGI <;M?
>? NI>I I MCMN?G; PCA?HN? =IHMNCNOCH>I
M? JLCH=_JCI CLL?@ONXP?F >; =C^H=C;
J?H;F ?MJ?=C;F IO =IGOG forma bsica do Direito Penal moderno H;M

J;F;PL;M >? *CL;<?N? NL;>OT ; CGJIMMC<CFC>;>? >? L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >I CH>C
P_>OI M?G KO? F?C ;HN?LCIL ;I @;NI I NCJC@CKO? =IGI =LCG? nullum crimen,
nulla poena sine lege ,L; M? H[I BX =LCG? M?G F?C ;HN?LCIL KO? >CT?L M? I
@;NIH?GM?KO?L]NCJC@C=;>I
-ILN;HNI ;CH>; KO? I ;LN >I -* J?LGCN; ;J?H;M ; ;N?HO;\[I
>; J?H; IO MO<MNCNOC\[I JIL IONL; G;CM <L;H>; =IG =?LN?T; I ?JCMa>CI
=CN;>I>;CHP;M[I;>IGC=_FCIH[IG?L?=?LXL?JLCG?H>;JILM?L@;NI;N_JC=I
;MI H[I N?HB;GIM =IHP?H=C>I ;=?L=; >I ;<MOL>I NL;TC>I J?FI ;LN
>I -* =IG <;M? H; ;HXFCM? >I >IFI ? H; ;OM^H=C; >? NCJC=C>;>? @;\;GIM
N;G<]G OG L;=CI=_HCI =IG @I=I H; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ? HI JLCH=_JCI KO? ?F;
?H=?LL;
L?;FC>;>? ;JL?M?HN;>; J?FI ?LLI >? >CL?CNI ;LN >I -* ;M
MCG HIM J;L?=? P;C >? ?H=IHNLI ;IM HIPIM JIMNOF;>IM >I !CL?CNI -?H;F Y FOT
>? OG "MN;>I !?GI=LXNC=I >? !CL?CNI ?G KO? ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J?H;F >?
P? M?L =IHMNLO_>; MI<L? <;M? G_HCG; JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? NL;>OTC>; J?F; H?
=?MMC>;>? >? KO? M?D; ?RCAC>I J;L; ; L?JL?MM[I J?H;F KO? I ;A?HN? M;C<; IO
;I G?HIM N?HB; JIN?H=C;F =;J;=C>;>? >? =IHB?=?L ; CFC=CNO>? >I @;NI !;
@ILG; =IGI M? ?RJd? I ?LLI >? >CL?CNI J?LGCN? ; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I >I ;A?HN?
;CH>; KO? H[I =IHB?\; H?G JIN?H=C;FG?HN? ; CFC=CNO>? >I @;NI J?LGCNCH>I
=IH>?H;\[I JILN;HNI M?G =OFJ;<CFC>;>? J;L; I !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG
<;M?;>I HI @CH;FCMGI ?G KO? ; JIN?H=C;F =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? ?MNX ;=IH
>C=CIH;>; =IGI ?F?G?HNI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? <?G =IGI JIL ;<MOL>I KO?
JIMM; J;L?=?L J;L; I JLaJLCI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L DX KO? J;L; ?MN? =IG
NL;>C\[I =;OM;FCMN; H?I=FXMMC=; ; =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? CHN?AL; I >IFI dolus malus KO? JIL MO; P?T CHN?AL; ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? JMC=IFaAC=I
HILG;NCP;
+IN?
M? KO? M? I ;JFC=;>IL >I !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L KOCM?L M?AOCL ?MNLCN;
G?HN? I >CMJIMNI HI ;LN >I -* ; =IHMNLO\[I @C=;LC; ;CH>; G;CM L?JOA
H;HN? JILKO;HNI JOHCL ;FAO]G KO? H[I =IHB?\; I =;LXN?L CF_=CNI >? MO; =IH
>ON; MCAHC@C=;LC; JOHCL ;FAO]G M?G >IFI IO M?D; JOL; L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I

J?H;F I<D?NCP; I KO? >?P? M?L ;@;MN;>I HI ;NO;F ?MNXACI >? ?PIFO\[I >I
!CL?CNI -?H;F -IL ?MM;M L;Td?M ?HN?H>?GIM KO? I ;LN H[I @IC L?=?J=CIH
;>I J?FI ;NO;F IL>?H;G?HNI DOL_>C=I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F J?LGCNCH>I =IGI DX

;@CLG;GIM ; =IHMN;N;\[I >? OG; F;=OH; ;ONILCT;>IL; >; ;JFC=;\[I JIL ;H;
FIAC; >; >CM=CJFCH; >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG MI<L? ; G;N]LC; >I ?LLI ?G<IL;
I C>?;F @IMM? ; ;FN?L;\[I >; F?C J?H;F GCFCN;L KO? JI>?LC; JIL ?R?GJFI J?L
GCNCL ; CM?H\[I >? J?H; HI ?LLI >? >CL?CNI ?M=OMXP?F M?G FCGCN;L MO; ;J
FC=;\[I ; =?LNIM =LCG?M =IGI ;<MOL>;G?HN? I @;T J;L; IM =LCG?M =IHNL; I >?
P?LGCFCN;L
-IL @CG HI MCMN?G; ;JL?M?HN;>I J?FI -* MOLA? OG; eFNCG;

KO?MN[I >?MN; @?CN; ;@?N; Y P?>;\[I >? CAHILZH=C; >; F?C , ;RCIG; a ningum dado desconhecer a lei F?P; Y ;JFC=;\[I >; F?C J?H;F JIL @C=\[I >IA
GXNC=; =IHN?GJILZH?; ?HR?LA; OG P?L>;>?CLI =IH@FCNI ?HNL? ; I<LCA;NIL
C?>;>? >? =IHB?=CG?HNI >; F?C ? I ?LLI MI<L? ; CFC=CNO>? >I @;NI ?LLI >?
JLIC<C\[I >I - =IGOG ? KO;M? M?GJL? ?LLI >? >CL?CNI HI -* B;P?H>I
JL?>IGCHZH=C; HI M?HNC>I >? ;@CLG;L OG; L?F;NCPCT;\[I >I JLCH=_JCI ;<MI
FONI >I =IHB?=CG?HNI >; F?C KO? MO=OG<CLX KO;H>I I ?LLI MI<L? ; CFC=CNO>?
@IL CHP?H=_P?F CH?PCNXP?F +?MM? M?HNC>I =IH=FOC CLCHI >IM 0;HNIM KO? o; L?
AL; >; CH?M=OM;<CFC>;>? >I >?M=IHB?=CG?HNI >; F?C =IGI ?RJL?MM[I >;
H;NOL?T; A?L;F ? I<LCA;NaLC; >; F?C J?H;F H[I N?G I JI>?L >? MOMJ?H>?L I
JLCH=_JCI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ?RJL?MMI H; ?R=?\[I >I ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I >CL?NI
H; GI>;FC>;>? >? >?M=IHB?=CG?HNI CH?PCNXP?F MI<L? ; ?RCMN^H=C; >; HILG;
IO F?C J?H;Fp[766] +I -* =IGI P?LC@C=;>I ; L?AL; ] I<M?LP;>; JIL
KO;HNI ?G<IL; I ;LN KO? NL;N; >I ?LLI >? >CL?CNI J?LGCN; ; CAHILZH=C;
>; F?C =IGI @IHN? >I ?LLI H[I CM?HN; >? J?H; I ;A?HN? NILH;H>I ?MM; L?;FC>
;>? CH?M=OMXP?F G;M HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ; >CM=OMM[I A;HB; JLIJIL\d?M

H;>CM=OMM[I>I?LLI>?JLIC<C\[I
%X KO? ;MMCH;F;L =IG I ?M=IJI >? ?M=F;L?=?L KO? ;FAOHM ;ONIL?M

P??G >C@?L?H\; ?HNL? ; CAHILZH=C; >; F?C ? I ?LLI MI<L? ; CFC=CNO>? >; =IH>ON;
, >?M=IHB?=CG?HNI >; F?C J;L; ?MM; =ILL?HN? NL;>OT
M? J?F; =IGJF?N; CA
HILZH=C; >; HILG; J?H;F CHNIF?LXP?F HIM FCGCN?M >? OG G?MGI "MN;>I ignorantia legis neminen excusat "G<IL; H[I ?R=FO; ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ; CA
HILZH=C; >; F?C =IH@CAOL; =CL=OHMNZH=C; ;N?HO;HN? >CMNCH\[I ?HNL? I

>?M=IHB?=CG?HNI >; F?C ? I ?LLI MI<L? ; CFC=CNO>? L?JIOM; H; =IHM=C^H=C; >I
CHDOMNI H; CHNOC\[I >I BIG?G >? CHN?FCA^H=C; G?>C;H; "G IONL;M J;F;PL;M

MCGJF?MG?HN? ;F?A;L ; CAHILZH=C; >; ?RCMN^H=C; >? JOHC\[I >; =IH>ON; JL;N
C=;>; H[I <;MN; J;L; ; I=ILL^H=C; >? ?LLI >? JLIC<C\[I ] JL?=CMI KO? ;M =CL
=OHMNZH=C;M M?D;G N;CM KO? H?G JIL CHNOC\[I MI<L? ; JIMMC<CFC>;>? >? L?
JLIP;\[I >? MO; =IH>ON; @LONI >; ?RJ?LC^H=C; HI =IHP_PCI MI=C;F I ;A?HN?
JO>?MM? ?HN?H>?L M?O JLI=?>?L =IGI L?JLIPXP?F , >?M=IHB?=CG?HNI >; F?C
?KOCJ;L;
M? ; NIN;F CAHILZH=C; >; L?;FC>;>? HILG;NCP; ?HKO;HNI I ?LLI
=IGJ;L;
M?;OG;@;FM;=IGJL??HM[I>?MM;L?;FC>;>?
,ONL; KO?MN[I CHNLCA;HN? ?MNX ?G ;P?LCAO;L I KO? >?P? M?L =IH
B?=C>I J?FI ;A?HN? ?G G;N]LC; >? CFC=CNO>? "G IONLIM N?LGIM KO;F I I<D?NI
>; =IHM=C^H=C; >; ;HNCDOLC>C=C>;>? ?RCA_P?F J;L; KO? M? OFNL;J;MM? ?MM? ?MNX
ACI>?;P?LCAO;\[I>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
N?ILC; >IGCH;HN? =;JCN;H?;>; JIL /IRCH ?HN?H>? KO? =IHB?=?L

;J?H;M ; >;HIMC>;>? MI=C;F >; =IH>ON; IO ; CGIL;FC>;>? M?LC; CHMO@C=C?HN?
;I J;MMI KO? =IHB?=?L ; JOHC<CFC>;>? >; ;\[I M?LC; >?MH?=?MMXLCI , I<D?NI
>; =IHM=C^H=C; JILN;HNI M?LC; ; =B;G;>; antijuridicidade concreta ?HN?H
>C>; =IGI ; =C^H=C; >; o?MJ?=_@C=; F?M[I >I <?G DOL_>C=I =IGJL??H>C>; HI
NCJIF?A;FL?MJ?=NCPIp[767]
d) Exigibilidade de conduta diversa

?RCAC<CFC>;>? >? =IGJILN;G?HNI >CP?LMI >I ?@?NCP;G?HN? JL;NC=
;>I JL?MMOJd? ; HILG;FC>;>? >? MCNO;\[I >? ;\[I AL;@;H>I I N?L=?CLI J;MMI
J;L;;L?JLIP;\[I>;=IH>ON;
j FOT >; ?RCAC<CFC>;>? >? =IGJILN;G?HNI =IH@ILG? ;I >CL?CNI JI
>?G M?L ;JIHN;>;M =IGI ?R=OFJ;HN?M F?A;CM ; =I;\[I CLL?MCMN_P?F H; HIMM;
=IH=?J\[I ;J?H;M ; GIL;F ; I<?>C^H=C; BC?LXLKOC=; ? I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>
;>? ?G @;=? >; N?ILC; >C@?L?H=C;>IL; ;>IN;>; HI a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L IGI
=;OM; MOJL;F?A;F ;>GCN?
M? J;=C@C=;G?HN? ; CH?RCAC<CFC>;>? >? =IGJILN;
G?HNI>CP?LMI
&HC=C?GIMJ?F;=I;\[ICLL?MCMN_P?F?J?F;I<?>C^H=C;BC?LXLKOC=;
IHMCAH;I;LN>I -*
o+[I]=OFJ;>IKO?G=IG?N?I=LCG?

; MI< =I;\[I CLL?MCMN_P?F IO KO? FB? MOJLCG; ; @;=OF>;>? >? ;ACL M?
AOH>I;JLaJLC;PIHN;>?
< ?G ?MNLCN; I<?>C^H=C; ; IL>?G >CL?N; >? MOJ?LCIL BC?LXLKOC=I ?G
G;N]LC;>?M?LPC\IMp
V JL?=CMI ;F?LN;L I KO? H[I @CT?GIM H; ;HN?LCIL ?>C\[I KO? ;

=I;\[I NL;N;>; H; ;F_H?; a >I ;LN >I -* J;L; ;FAOHM ?MNX OHC@C=;>;
L?@?LCH>I
M? Y =I;\[I @_MC=; IO GIL;F +[I M?G =?LN; L;T[I IM ;>?JNIM >?MM;
PCM[I >CMJd?G KO? HI GI>?FI ;>IN;>I J?FI a>CAI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? H[I BX
?MJ;\I J;L; OG ?F?G?HNI MO<D?NCPI >IFI IO =OFJ; H; =IH>ON; PCMNI KO?
J?F;N?ILC;JMC=IFaAC=I
HILG;NCP; ?MN;LC;H;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
*?FBIL ?M=F;L?=?H>I >?P?

M? NIG;L JIL <;M? I a>CAI -?H;F
=IGOG J;L; CHC=C;L I L;=CI=_HCI =?HNL;H>I
M? J;L; @;=CFCN;L ;CH>; G;CM ; ;<
MIL\[I HIM =LCG?M G;N?LC;CM +; =IGJL??HM[I >;KO?F? >CJFIG; ; =I;\[I

@_MC=; vis absoluta ?FCGCH; ;NI >? PIHN;>? >I ;A?HN? JL?MMOJIMNI J;L; I L?
=IHB?=CG?HNI >I >IFI IO >; =OFJ; KO? H[I ?MN;L[I JL?M?HN?M IGI I >IFI ?
; =OFJ; H; ?MNLONOL; @CH;FCMN; CGJOFMCIH;>IL; >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG ?MN[I
;FI=;>IM HI @;NI N_JC=I HI <IDI >; =IH>ON; ;FAO]G KO? JLIPI=; OG L?M
OFN;>I G?>C;HN? =I;\[I @_MC=; H[I N?LX JL;NC=;>I =IH>ON; JILN;HNI H?G
@;NIN_JC=I IKO?;@;MN;;I=ILL^H=C;>?>?FCNIJIL;KO?F;J?MMI;
+I =;MI JIL IONLI <IL>I >; =I;\[I GIL;F vis compulsiva ; =IH
>ON; ?RCMN? OG; P?T KO? I ;A?HN? N?G OG; JIMMC<CFC>;>? ;CH>; KO? _H@CG;
>? L?MCMNCL Y JLIPI=;\[I >I L?MOFN;>I H[I I @;T?H>I JIL OG; AL;P? ;@?N;\[I
JMC=IFaAC=; FCA;>; ;I N?GIL >? OG G;F KO? M? ?RJd? MI< @ILG; >? =I;\[I
+?MM; MCNO;\[I HI a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG I ;A?HN? ?MN;LC; H; JLXNC=; >? @;NI
N_JC=I ? ;HNCDOL_>C=I =IHNO>I ?G @;=? >; =I;\[I GIL;F CLL?MCMN_P?F H[I FB?
M?LC; ?RCA_P?F =IGJILN;G?HNI >CP?LMI >IH>? =B?A;L
M?
C; Y =IH=FOM[I J?F;
MO;H[I=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
"G ;LL?G;N? P?D;GIM ;M JL?=CM;M FC\d?M >? MMCM 1IF?>I ;I =IG?HN
;LI!CL?CNI-?H;F=IGOG

o IMNOG;
M? >CMNCHAOCL ; =I;\[I @_MC=; vis absoluta >; =I;\[I
GIL;F vis compulsiva +; JLCG?CL; ;KO?F? KO? ] =I;AC>I H[I L?;FCT; OG;
P?L>;>?CL; ;\[I IO IGCMM[I ;JL?M?HN;H>I
M? =IGI MCGJF?M I<D?NI IO CHMNLO
G?HNI >? PCIF^H=C; J?FI KO? Ma >?P? =IHMC>?L;L ;ONIL >I =LCG? I ;A?HN? >;
=I;\[I H[I I =I;AC>I J;=C?HN? >?MM; G?MG; =I;\[I =I;\[I @_MC=; >?
HIGCH;>; JIL 0IF?L qviolncia fsicar ?R=FOC M? CLL?MCMN_P?F I =I;AC>I >?

KO;FKO?L =IACN;\[I >? ;ONILC; IO >? =I;ONILC; PCMNI KO? non agit sed agitur
L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>? J?FI @;NI ] JICM ?R=FOMCP; >I ;A?HN? =I;NIL @CAOL; CH>CM
J?HMXP?F H; >?@CHC\[I >? KO;FKO?L I=ILL^H=C; L?JON;>; =I;NCP; +; M?AOH>;

m ; =I;\[I GIL;F m I =I;AC>I N?G MO;M JIMMC<CFC>;>?M >? IJ\[I <;MN;HN? L?
MNLCHAC>;M J?FI N?GIL >? MI@L?L ;FAOG G;F H[I I<MN;HN? ;A? IO M? IGCN? CG
J?FC>I J?FI G?>I P;F?H>I

M? >? MO;M JLaJLC;M @IL\;M 0? ?MM; eFNCG; @ILG;
>? =I;\[I m ; vis compulsiva m @IL CAO;FG?HN? CLL?MCMN_P?F ?R=FOC
M? ; =OFJ
;<CFC>;>? >I =I;AC>I JIL H[I FB? M?L ?RCAC>; H;M =CL=OHMNZH=C;M =IH>ON; >C
P?LM;>;KO?L?;FCTIOp[768]
?G P?L>;>? KO? I ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F KO? NL;N; >; G;N]LC;
H[I M? L?@?L? ;J?H;M ; OG; =I;\[I GIL;F OM;H>I I N?LGI o=I;\[Ip >? @ILG;
A?H]LC=; G;M ; eHC=; CHN?LJL?N;\[I PCXP?F J?FI KO? M? ?RJbM ] ; >? KO? I M? L?@?L? Y vis compulsiva ? H[I Y vis absoluta +?MM? M?HNC>I N;G<]G P?LM;
I M;O>IMI ;ONIL ;=CG; =CN;>I ?G<IL; >?GIHMNL? KO? ; =IGCMM[I L?PCMIL; >;
-;LN? $?L;F >I - N?HB; <OM=;>I ; OHC@C=;\[I >IM =IH=?CNIM >? =I;\[I @_MC=; ?
GIL;F
oMMCG I ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F qM? I @;NI ] =IG?NC>I MI<

=I;\[I CLL?MCMN_P?F Ma ] JOH_P?F I ;ONIL >; =I;\[Ir L?AOF; CH
>OPC>IM;G?HN? ; =I;\[I GIL;F CMNI ] ; vis compulsiva M?H>I JIL]G

GOCNI >CM=ON_P?F MO; ?RN?HM[I ;FCXM >?MH?=?MMXLC; Y =I;\[I @_MC=; MMCG
;J?M;L >I JL?=CIMI N?MN?GOHBI >? +]FMIH %OHALC; HI M?HNC>I >? KO? ;
IGCMM[I /?PCMIL; =IHNL; M?O PINI >?=C>CO ;>IN;L ; @aLGOF; >I JLCGCNCPI
;LN q=IGJL??HMCP; >; =I;\[I @_MC=; ? >; =I;\[I GIL;Fr I ;<MOL>I ; KO?
CMMI =IH>OT >CM=ONCL
M? ; CH=OFJ;<CFC>;>? >? KO?G M?KO?L ] ;ONIL IO =I;ONIL
>I =LCG? F?P;
HIM ; ;=?CN;L ; MIFO\[I ;JL?M?HN;>; >?HNL? IONLIM JIL "P?L
;L>I >; OHB; )OH; H?MN?M N?LGIM q3?LC@C=;

M? H; =I;\[I CLL?MCMN_P?F KO?

M?LP? =IG ; I<?>C^H=C; BC?LXLKOC=; >? I<D?NI ;I ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F I
=IH=OLMI >? >ICM ;A?HN?M m OG =I;NCPI ? =OFJ;>I ? IONLI =I;NI ? M?G =OFJ;
=I?RCMN^H=C; >? ;A?HN? H; =I;\[I CLL?MCMN_P?F F?P;
HIM ; P?L H?MN; ;J?H;M
; =I;\[I GIL;F ; vis compulsiva JILKO? H; =I;\[I @_MC=; H; vis absoluta
?G FOA;L >? >ICM ;J?H;M um ;A?HN? =IH=ILL? m ;KO?F? KO? =I;A? ? KO? >IG
CH; =IGI MCGJF?M CHMNLOG?HNI I outro ;J;L?HN?G?HN? ;A?HN? MMCG ;

=I;\[I @_MC=; KO? =IHMNCNOC JLI<F?G; ;NCH?HN? Y =;OM;FC>;>? >CM=CJFCH;
M?
J?FI ;LN ? ; =I;\[I GIL;F KO? >CT L?MJ?CNI Y =OFJ;<CFC>;>? I=OJ; ;
JLCG?CL;J;LN?>I;LN>I a>CAI>? r
"MM; MIFO\[I ;F]G >? G;CM FaAC=; ;DOMN;

M? J?L@?CN;G?HN? YM HIL
G;M F?A;CM ?G PCAIL JIO=I CGJILN;H>I ; HIMMI P?L KO;F N?HB; MC>I ; CH
N?H\[I >IM G?G<LIM >; IGCMM[I /?PCMIL; ; KO;F ?G<IL; ;JL?M?HN? P;FIL
BCMNaLC=I H[I >?M?GJ?HB; J;J?F CGJILN;HN? J;L; OG; CHN?LJL?N;\[I N?F?IFa
AC=;>?MM;MG?MG;MHILG;Mp[769]
F]G >; JL?=CM[I >;M >CMJIMC\d?M >? MMCM 1IF?>I @LCM?

M? ; CG
JILNZH=C; >? MO; FC<?L>;>? CHN?LJL?N;NCP; @OACH>I Y FCN?L;FC>;>? >I ;LN >I
- I KO? N;G<]G CL?GIM JLIJIL G;CM ;>C;HN? ?G L?F;\[I ;I ;LN >I
-*
3IFN;H>I ;I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L FCN?L;FG?HN? ;N] JIL @C>?FC>;>?

;I GI>?FI ;>IN;>I H?IE;HNCMGI IO =;OM;FCMGI H?I=FXMMC=I I ?F?G?HNI
MO<D?NCPI H[I ?MNX ;FI=;>I H; >CM=OMM[I >I @;NI N_JC=I ? MCG Y =OFJ;<CFC>;>?
>? MILN? KO? H; PCM[I ?RJIMN; J?F; F?NL; a >I ;LN >I L?@?LC>I >CJFIG; BX
OG; OHC@C=;\[I >I =IH=?CNI >? =I;\[I "MM; PCM[I OHC@C=;>; ;>?G;CM ] =IH
@CLG;>; J?F; ;<MOL>; JL?PCM[I >I ;LN >I -* KO? >CMJd? KO? o+IM
=LCG?M ?G KO? BX PCIF;\[I >I >?P?L GCFCN;L I ;A?HN? H[I JI>? CHPI=;L
=I;\[I CLL?MCMN_P?F M?H[I KO;H>I @_MC=; IO G;N?LC;Fp +CNC>;G?HN? I ;LN
=IGJF?G?HN; ; JL?PCM[I >I ;LN L?MNLCHACH>I MO; ;<L;HA^H=C; HIM =LCG?M
?GKO?B;D;PCIF;\[I>I>?P?LGCFCN;L
,=ILL? KO? ?G HIMM; =IGJL??HM[I ?G JLCG?CLI ;JILN? JI>?GIM

?GJL?A;L ;J?M;L >? H[I @C>?FC>;>? ;I =;OM;FCMGI CGJOFMCIH;>IL >I -*
OG =IH=?CNI @CH;FCMN; >? =IH>ON; =IH@ILG? DX >?@?H>?GIM ;=CG; I KO?

J?LGCNCLC; =IGJL??H>?L I ;LN >I -* HI >CMJIMNI ?G MO; ;F_H?; a >?

@ILG; MCGCF;L ;I ;LN >I a>CAI -?H;F =IGOG -IL ?MM; L;T[I ?HN?H
>?GIM KO? I >CMJIMCNCPI ?G =IG?HNI >I a>CAI -?H;F ;MNL?HM? >?P? M?L
FCGCN;>I ;I ?MNO>I >; =I;\[I GIL;F @C=;H>I ; =I;\[I @_MC=; ;@?N; Y NCJC=C>;>?
JLIJLC;G?HN? H; ;HXFCM? >; =IH>ON; IHNO>I ?G M?AOH>I ;JILN? ;JLIP?CN
;H>I ;M J;F;PL;M >? "P?L;L>I )OH; NL;TC>;M JIL MMCM 1IF?>I ] JIMM_P?F ?H
=;L;L ; =I;\[I @_MC=; =IGI OG JLI<F?G; >? =;OM;FC>;>? L?G?N?H>I

I ;I
?MNO>I >I @;NI N_JC=I ;>MNLCNI HI =;MI >I
;MMOHNI
-* ;I ;LN KO? NL;N; >I
"G L?MOGI JILN;HNI KO?G ?MNX =I;AC>I @CMC=;G?HN? H[I ;A? IO
M? IGCN? HI JF;HI MO<D?NCPI I KO? J;L; HaM ;JFC=;H>I JIMNOF;>IM @CH;FCMN;M
=IGI PCGIM >?@?H>?H>I ;@;MN; ; JLaJLC; =IH>ON; "G ;>C\[I KO?G ?MNX MI<
=I;\[I @_MC=; H[I =;OM; OG L?MOFN;>I IONL; KO?MN[I ;@?N; Y NCJC=C>;>? >IH>?
M?CGJd?;;HXFCM?>I;LN>I -*;J?H;MY=I;\[IGIL;F
"F?CN; ?MM; JL?GCMM; >?P?

M? =IGJL??H>?L KO? ; =I;\[I GIL;F vis
compulsiva >?M>? KO? CLL?MCMN_P?F CHN?L@?L? >? N;F @ILG; HI JMCKOCMGI >;
J?MMI; KO? FB? MOJLCG? ; JLaJLC; PIHN;>? NILH;H>I CH?RCA_P?F =IGJILN;
G?HNI>CP?LMI>I;>IN;>IJ?FI;A?HN?>I>?FCNI
CLL?MCMNC<CFC>;>? >; =I;\[I >?P? M?L ;@?LC>; N;HNI I<D?NCP; =IGI

MO<D?NCP;G?HN? IO M?D; =IHMC>?L;H>I I JIN?H=C;F F?MCPI >; @IL\; IO >;
;G?;\;?MO;L?J?L=OMM[ICHN?LH;MI<L?;P_NCG;
, g I >I ;LN JIMMC<CFCN; ;I ;ONIL >; =I;\[I responder pelo

crime NL;T?H>IY<;CF;;HI\[I>?;ONILC;G?>C;N;
-IL >?LL;>?CLI ;=?L=; >; =I;\[I >?P?G M?L F;H\;>IM ;FAOHM
=IG?HNXLCIM MI<L? I ;LN >I -* NL;HM=LCNI ;=CG; &HC=C;FG?HN? =IGI DX

?M<I\;>I BX ; OHC@C=;\[I >; vis compulsiva Y vis absoluta I KO? DX L?
=B;\;GIM *;M ; JCIL JL?PCM[I >I >CMJIMCNCPI >CT L?MJ?CNI Y H?A;\[I >I L?
=IHB?=CG?HNI >; =I;\[I GIL;F HIM =LCG?M KO? CGJILN?G ?G PCIF;\[I >I >?
P?LGCFCN;L

&HC=C;FG?HN? ?G<IL; H?AO?GIM ; L?MNLC\[I NL;TC>; >?P?

M? >?FCG
CN;L KO;F I OHCP?LMI >? =LCG?M ; KO? I >CMJIMCNCPI M? L?@?L? IO M?D; crimes
em que h violao do dever militar "G HIMM; =IGJL??HM[I MIG?HN? ]
JIMM_P?F JIL M? NL;N;L >? OG >CMJIMCNCPI KO? H?A; ; ?R=OFJ;\[I JILN;HNI
G;CM AL;PIMI OG; CHN?LJL?N;\[I L?MNLCNCP; =IGI @CT?GIM HI ?LLI >? >CL?CNI
LCG?M KO? PCIF;G I >?P?L GCFCN;L M[I IM =;JCNOF;>IM MI< ?MM? MCAHI IO M?D;
=LCG?M =IHNL; I >?P?L GCFCN;L ;KO?F?M JL?PCMNIM HI 1_NOFI &&& >I )CPLI & >;
-;LN? "MJ?=C;F >I a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L =IGJL??H>?H>I IM =LCG?M =;JCNOF;
>IM >?M>? I ;LN ;N] I ;LN FAOHM <OM=;G >;L OG; =IGJL??HM[I
MO<MN;H=C;F Y HILG; >? MILN? KO? IONLIM =LCG?M KO? H[I ?MN?D;G H?MM? CHN?L
P;FI JIMM;G MI@L?L ; L?MNLC\[I >I ;LN IGI ?R?GJFI NIG?

M? I =LCG? >?
J?=OF;NI JL?PCMNI HI ;LN >I -* KO? ?G<IL; H[I ?MN?D; H?MM? CHN?L
P;FI >? ;LNCAIM J;L; ;FAOHM >?P? M?L ?HN?H>C>I =IGI OG >?FCNI ?G KO? ;
=I;\[I GIL;F ] CH?M=OMXP?F PCM[I >; KO;F >CM=IL>;GIM JIL FCGCN;L ; CH=C>^H
=C;>?OGNCJIJ?LGCMMCPIJILOG;CHN?LJL?N;\[IL?MNLCNCP;
FCXM IJIGI
HIM ;I JLaJLCI ;LN >I -* JICM ?MNX @LIHN;FG?HN?
=IHNL;IJLCH=_JCI>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
*;M ;HN?M >? ?HOG?L;L IM ;LAOG?HNIM KO? ;@;MN;G ; ;JFC=;\[I >I

>CMJIMCNCPI H?=?MMXLCI@LCM;LKO?BX MCG >?@?HMIL?M>?MM;JL?PCM[I
+I JF;HI DOLCMJLO>?H=C;F PXLCIM DOFA;>IM >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CF
CN;L =;GCHB;G H?MM? M?HNC>I -IL NI>IM NIG?

M? I Habeas Corpus H

/0 D I

KO? N?P? JIL L?F;NIL I *CHCMNLI
3;F>]MCI$OCFB?LG?>?#CAO?CL?>I
oEmenta J?F;\[I !?M?L\[I -* ;LN I;\[I CLL?MCMN_P?F ?

?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? "R=FO>?HN?M H[I =;L;=N?LCT;>;M ;F?A;>; =I;\[I CL
L?MCMN_P?F MOJIMN;G?HN? MI@LC>; J?FI =OM;>I H[I ?H=IHNL; L?MJ;F>I H; F?ACM
F;\[I J?H;F GCFCN;L -* ;LN L?MNLCHACH>I ; MO; ;JFC=;\[I HIM =;MIM >?
=LCG?M KO? ;N?HN?G =IHNL; I >?P?L GCFCN;L ;J?H;M KO;H>I ?F; @IL @_MC=; IO
G;N?LC;F BCJaN?M? H[I =IH@CAOL;>; HIM ;ONIM &AO;FG?HN? H[I L?MNIO =;L;=
N?LCT;>I I ;F?A;>I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? ?R=OFJ;HN? JIL ;OM^H=C; >? JLIP;

KO;HNI Y MCNO;\[I >? J?LCAI =?LNI ? ;NO;F H[I =LC;>; J?FI /]O &GJLIPC>I I
;J?FI!?=CM[IOHZHCG?p
+I JF;HI >IONLCHXLCI ; >CM=OMM[I ?G<IL; ;CH>; CH=CJC?HN? =IG?\;

; ?H=IHNL;L FOA;L FXO>CI GCH *CAO?F ? &IH? >? 0IOT; LOT ?G<IL; H[I
=LCNCKO?GI>CMJIMCNCPI ;JL?M?HN;GOG;;FN?LH;NCP;-;L;?MM?M;ONIL?M
o,M =LCG?M =IHNL; I >?P?L GCFCN;L ?H=IHNL;G

M? ?F?H=;>IM HIM ;LNM
; JIL]G M? I GCFCN;L H[I JI>? H?MM;M BCJaN?M?M ;F?A;L ; =I;\[I
GIL;F CLL?MCMN_P?F H;>; CGJ?>? KO? CHPIKO? I ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>? JL?PCMNI
HI ;LN MMCG M? OG MOD?CNI ;JIHN; OG; ;LG; H; >CL?\[I >? OG GCFCN;L
I<LCA;H>I
I ; ;<;H>IH;L I M?O JIMNI MI< J?H; >? M?L ;MM;MMCH;>I H[I
JI>?LX ;F?A;L ?G MO; >?@?M; N?L ;AC>I MI< =I;\[I GIL;F CLL?MCMN_P?F G;M N?G
CHN?CLI=;<CG?HNI;;JFC=;\[I>I;LNp[770]
1;G<]G >?@?H>?H>I I >CMJIMCNCPI >I ;LN >I -* ?H=IHNL;GIM
F?R;H>L?H>L;>?>IM0;HNIM KO?;MM?P?LIO
o, >CMJIMNI HI ;LNCAI supra 8;LN 9 ] >?P?L;M JLI@OH>I JIF^GC=I

GOCN;M P?T?M ;I GOH>I =CPCF ? J;L; KO? JIMM;GIM =IGJL??H>^
FI CL?GIM
>CM=ILL?L ;=?L=; >;M L;Td?M KO? GINCP;L;G ; ?RCMN^H=C; >? N;F >CMJIMCNCPI
H[IHIM?MKO?=?H>I>;MHI\d?M>I<?GDOL_>C=IGCFCN;L
V IJILNOHI MCNO;LGIM IM <?HM DOL_>C=IM GCFCN;L?M H?MN? GIG?HNI
IM <?HM DOL_>C=IM NON?F;>IM J?FI !CL?CNI -?H;F *CFCN;L M[I ;F]G >IM DX
=IHM;AL;>IM J?FI !CL?CNI -?H;F =IGOG IO M?D; PC>; CHN?ALC>;>? @_MC=; J;N
LCGbHCI @] Je<FC=; ?N= N?GIM IM CHNL_HM?=IM YM CHMNCNOC\d?M IO M?D; I >?P?L

GCFCN;L ; BC?L;LKOC; ; >CM=CJFCH; I L?AOF;L @OH=CIH;G?HNI >;M CHMNCNOC\d?M
GCFCN;L?M ;I<?>C^H=C; ?HNL?IONLIM
V ?R;N;G?HN? H?MN? >C;J;M[I KO? M? ?H=IHNL; ; L;T[I >I ;LN >I

a>CAI -?H;F *CFCN;L IO M?D; I F?ACMF;>IL =;MNL?HM? ?MN;<?F?=?O KO? ;I GCF
CN;L H?G M?KO?L ; =I;\[I GIL;F G?MGI KO? CLL?MCMN_P?F JI>?LX M?L ;F?A;>;
J?FI;A?HN? KO;H>II=LCG?@ILJL;NC=;>I=IHNL;I>?P?LGCFCN;Lp[771]
CH>; KO? L?=IHB?\;GIM I ;=?LNI MCMN^GC=I >;M PCMd?M ;=CG; CH
>C=;>;M ? G;CM ;CH>; I <LCFB;HNCMGI H; MIFO\[I ;JL?M?HN;>; JIL FXO>CI

GCH *CAO?F ? &IH? >? 0IOT; LOT DX KO? HI ?MN;>I >? H?=?MMC>;>?
?R=OFJ;HN? J;LN?
M? >I JL?MMOJIMNI >; CH?RCAC<CFC>;>? >? =IH>ON; >CP?LM;
=IGI >CMJd? I JLaJLCI ;LN >I -* JL?@?LCGIM OG; PCM[I =IHMNCNO=CIH;F
;FCHB;>; G;CMOG;P?T ;IJLCH=_JCI>;=OFJ;<CFC>;>?
IGI PCGIM ;I NL;N;L >?MM? JLCH=_JCI I PI=X<OFI o=OFJ;<CFC>;>?p ?
JILN;HNI I JLCH=_JCI KO? ?H=?LL; ;JL?M?HN;

M? ?G NL^M ;=?J\d?M ?G !CL?CNI
-?H;F =IGI @OH>;G?HNI >? J?H; =IGI ?F?G?HNI >? >?N?LGCH;\[I IO >?
G?>C\[I >? J?H; ? @CH;FG?HN? =IGI =IH=?CNI =IHNLXLCI Y L?MJIHM;<CFC>;>?
J?H;FI<D?NCP; >?MJLIPC>;>?>IFIIO=OFJ;
+?MN? JIHNI CHN?L?MM;
HIM ; JLCG?CL; ;=?J\[I IO M?D; H[I JI>?
B;P?L L?MJIHM;<CFCT;\[I J?H;F M?G KO? B;D; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? >I ;A?HN? JICM M?
NL;N; ?F; >? @OH>;G?HNI >? ;JFC=;\[I >? OG; J?H; IGI <?G ;FCHB;PIO CN
?H=IOLN ; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IGI @OH>;G?HNI >; J?H; oL?@?L?

M? ;I @;NI >? M?L
JIMM_P?F IO H[I ; ;JFC=;\[I >? OG; J?H; ;I ;ONIL >? OG @;NI N_JC=I ? ;HNC
DOL_>C=I CMNI ] JLIC<C>I J?F; F?C J?H;F -;L; CMMI ?RCA?

M? ; JL?M?H\; >? OG;
M]LC? >? L?KOCMCNIM m =;J;=C>;>? >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? =IHM=C^H=C; >; CFC=CNO>? ?
?RCAC<CFC>;>? >; =IH>ON; m KO? =IHMNCNO?G IM ?F?G?HNIM JIMCNCPIM ?MJ?=_@C=IM

>I =IH=?CNI >IAGXNC=I >? =OFJ;<CFC>;>? ;OM^H=C; >? KO;FKO?L >?MM?M ?F?
G?HNIM ] MO@C=C?HN? J;L; CGJ?>CL ; ;JFC=;\[I >? OG; M;H\[I J?H;Fp[772]

,L; H?MM? ;MJ?=NI OG >CMJIMCNCPI J?H;F KO? H?AO? ; CH?RCAC<CFC>;>? >? =IH
>ON; >CP?LM; =IGI =;OM; ?R=OFJ;HN? ;@LIHN; I JLCH=_JCI >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>?

KO? ;MMCG DX >?@?H>?GIM JIMMOC H;NOL?T; =IHMNCNO=CIH;F >IH>? M? =IH=FOC
J?F;CH=IHMNCNO=CIH;FC>;>?>I;LN >I -*
?G P?L>;>? KO? ; MIFO\[I NL;TC>; JIL FXO>CI GCH ? &IH? >?
0IOT; L?J;L; ?MM; NIM=; L?;FC>;>? ;N?H>?H>I MCG ;I JLCH=_JCI >; =OFJ;<CF
C>;>? m ? >CMMI >?=ILL? I <LCFB;HNCMGI >; =IHMNLO\[I m G;M >? OG; @ILG;
NL;HMP?LM; G;HN?H>I ; ;<MOL>; JL?PCM[I >I ;LN KO? J;L; HaM >?P? M?L
L?=B;\;>;>?JLIHNI
2G; M?AOH>; =;OM; ?R=FO>?HN? >; =OFJ;<CFC>;>? KO? NILH; CH
?RCA_P?F=IH>ON;>CP?LM; ?MNXH;I<?>C^H=C;BC?LXLKOC=;

Livro Manual de Direito Penal Militar Comentado Coimbra Neves Parte I 2012

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Título original

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Livro Manual de Direito Penal Militar Comentado Coimbra Neves Parte I 2012

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

SOBRE OS AUTORES

CCERO ROBSON COIMBRA NEVES ] *?MNL? ?G !CL?CNI -?H

;F J?F; -IHNC@_=C; 2HCP?LMC>;>? ;NaFC=; >? 0[I -;OFI m -2 0- "MJ?=C;FCMN;

-;OFI "MJ?=C;FCMN; ?G !CL?CNI -?H;F "=IHbGC=I ? "OLIJ?O J?F; 2HCP?LMC>

;>? >? ICG<L; !CJFIG;>I &HN?LH;=CIH;F ?G !CL?CNIM %OG;HIM J?F;

C^H=C;M -IFC=C;CM >?

Rua Henrique Schaumann, 270, Cerqueira Csar So Paulo SP

a 6 a , das 8:30 s 19:30

Dados Internacionais de Catalogao na Publicao (CIP)

+?P?M _=?LI/I<MIH ICG<L;

ndice para catlogo sistemtico:

Diretor editorial )OCT/I<?LNI OLC;

Gerente de produo editorial )_AC;FP?M

Editor assistente /;JB;?F3;MM[I+OH?M/I>LCAO?M

Preparao de originais H; LCMNCH;$;L=C; *;LC;)e=C;>?,FCP?CL;$I>IS? ;GCFF;;TTIHC>?

Arte e diagramao LCMNCH;J;L?=C>;AO>I>?#L?CN;M?">MIH IFI<IH?

Reviso de provas /CN;>? XMMC;.O?CLIT$ILA;NC ]FC;/?ACH;0IOT;>?L;ODI?!?HCM?

Produo digital "MNe>CI">CNIL?M =IG - &H@ILGXNC=;

I HIMMI !?OM 1I>I

I *CHCMNLI >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F *CFCN;L ;LFIM F<?LNI *;LKO?M

I ;GCAI JLI@?MMIL ? CH=?HNCP;>IL /IH;F>I 'I[I /INB KO? H[I

,=N;PC;HI !CHCT 'OHKO?CL; /?CH;F>I 7S=B;H >? *IL;?M F?R;H>L? %?H

LCKO?M>; IMN;?<?F;L>I'eFCI>;/I=B; J?FI;JICICH=IH>C=CIH;F

IM KO?LC>IM ;GCAIM ? ;FOHIM JIL CHMNCA;L

  -LCH=_JCIMFCGCN;>IL?M>I jus puniendi HI!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L

  F;MMC@C=;\[INLC=INbGC=;>?&IH?>?0IOT; LOT? FXO>CIGCH*CAO?

   IH=?CNI>?GCFCN;LJIL?KOCJ;L;\[I;LN >I -*

   IH=?CNI>?;MM?G?FB;>I;LN >I -*

   IH=?CNI>?MOJ?LCIL@OH=CIH;F;LN >I -*

   &LL?NLI;NCPC>;>?>; lex gravior

  0OMJ?HM[I>I?R?L=_=CI>IJIMNI AL;>O;\[I =;LAIIO@OH\[I

   ,JLI<F?G;>I;LN >I -*H;OHC@C=;\[I>;MJ?H;MJLCP;NCP;M>?

     /?JL?M?HN;\[I >I I@?H>C>I IO >? M?O L?J

   OM^H=C;>;>?=;>^H=C; J?L?GJ\[I L?HeH=C;;I>CL?CNI>?KO?CR;?

     0OMN;\[I >; ;\[I J?H;F =IHNL; J;LF;

     0OMJ?HM[I =IH>C=CIH;F >I JLI=?MMI HIM

     0OMJ?HM[I >; JL?M=LC\[I HIM N?LGIM >I

 !;@OA; ?P;M[I ;LL?<;N;G?HNI?;GINCH;G?HNI>?JL?MIM

L?P?M IG?HNXLCIM;IM LCG?M*CFCN;L?M?G1?GJI>?$O?LL;

IG GOCN; ;F?ALC; ;=?CN?C I =IHPCN? J;L; JL?@;=C;L ; I<L; CHNCNOF;>;

*CHB; M;NCM@;\[I ?G JL?@;=C;L ?MN; I<L; ] L?>I<L;>; -IL OG F;>I

ICG<L; +?P?M HI =OLMI >? JaM

N?LCILG?HN? HI =OLMI >? JaM

-IL IONLI F;>I J?F; CGJILNZH=C; >IM N?G;M ;<IL>;>IM "G   IM

G?HN? J?F;M >C@?L?H\;M GIMNL;>;M ?HNL? I !CL?CNI -?H;F IGOG m a partir

FCH; ? ; BC?L;LKOC; KO? HILN?C;G ; JLaJLC; =IH=?CNO;\[I >IM =LCG?M

, ?MNO>I ] >CPC>C>I ?G >O;M J;LN?M Parte Geral ? Parte Especial

=IHNC>; HI NL;<;FBI ?HNL? IM =LCG?M JLaJLC; ? CGJLIJLC;G?HN? GCFCN;L?M

;F *CFCN;L KO? ?MN;<?F?=? N;F >CMNCH\[I &GJILN;HN? ;CH>; L?MM;FN;L I ?MNO>I

.O;HNI Y Parte Especial H; I<L; ;HN?LCIL Apontamentos de

MMCG =IGI H; I<L; ;HN?LCIL ?MN? *;HO;F @I=;FCT; ;M >C@?L?H\;M

CN;L KO;CM M?D;G ; BC?L;LKOC; ? ; >CM=CJFCH; =IGI ?RJL?MM[I GXRCG; ? H?

=?MMXLC; >;M @OH\d?M =IHMNCNO=CIH;CM ;NLC<O_>;M YM #IL\;M LG;>;M ? YM -IF_

-IL NI>IM ?MM?M GINCPIM G?O =IHN?HN;G?HNI ?G JL?@;=C;L ?MN;

NOTA DOS AUTORES

"G   ?GJIFA;>IM JIL HIMM;M ;OF;M H; =;>?GC; >? -IF_=C; *CF

+; M?KO^H=C; ?PIFOCH>I ?G HIMMI ?MNO>I HI ;HI >?  

;FCT;\[I ? ;GJFC;\[I >?G;CM I M?AOH>I PIFOG? HI JLID?NI CHC=C;F H[I ;F

+?MM? =IHN?RNI NL;<;FBXP;GIM H; L?PCM[I >I PIFOG? & ? H; =IGJF?

"MM; PCM[I KO?L?GIM L?MM;FN;L ?MNX MOD?CN; I<PC;G?HN? YM =L_NC=;M

NLXLC;M M?L[I GOCNI <?G

+; >CM=OMM[I >; -;LN? $?L;F IM ;=L]M=CGIM @IL;G PXLCIM JI>?H>I

M? G?H=CIH;L ; N_NOFI >? ?R?GJFI ; F?G<L;H\; >OL;HN? ; >CM=OMM[I >I

Gerente de produo editorial )_AC;FP?M

Preparao de originais H; LCMNCH;$;L=C; *;LC;)e=C;>?,FCP?CL;$I>IS? ;GCFF;;TTIHC>?

Arte e diagramao LCMNCH;J;L?=C>;AO>I>?#L?CN;M?">MIH IFI<IH?

Reviso de provas /CN;>? XMMC;.O?CLIT$ILA;NC ]FC;/?ACH;0IOT;>?L;ODI?!?HCM?

Produo digital "MNe>CI">CNIL?M=IG - &H@ILGXNC=;

I HIMMI !?OM 1I>I

I CHCMNLI >I 0OJ?LCIL 1LC<OH;F CFCN;L ;LFIM F<?LNI *;LKO?M

I ;GCAI JLI@?MMIL ? CH=?HNCP;>IL /IH;F>I 'I[I /INB KO? H[I

,=N;PC;HI !CHCT 'OHKO?CL; /?CH;F>I 7S=B;H >? *IL;?M F?R;H>L? %?H

LCKO?M>; IMN;?<?F;L>I'eFCI>;/I=B; J?FI;JICICH=IH>C=CIH;F

IM KO?LC>IM ;GCAIM ? ;FOHIM JIL CHMNCA;L

-LCH=_JCIMFCGCN;>IL?M>I jus puniendi HI!CL?CNI-?H;F*CFCN;L

F;MMC@C=;\[INLC=INbGC=;>?&IH?>?0IOT; LOT? FXO>CIGCH*CAO?

IH=?CNI>?GCFCN;LJIL?KOCJ;L;\[I;LN>I -*

IH=?CNI>?;MM?G?FB;>I;LN>I -*

IH=?CNI>?MOJ?LCIL@OH=CIH;F;LN>I -*

&LL?NLI;NCPC>;>?>; lex gravior

0OMJ?HM[I>I?R?L=_=CI>IJIMNI AL;>O;\[I =;LAIIO@OH\[I

,JLI<F?G;>I;LN>I -*H;OHC@C=;\[I>;MJ?H;MJLCP;NCP;M>?

/?JL?M?HN;\[I >I I@?H>C>I IO >? M?O L?J

OM^H=C;>;>?=;>^H=C; J?L?GJ\[I L?HeH=C;;I>CL?CNI>?KO?CR;?

0OMN;\[I >; ;\[I J?H;F =IHNL; J;LF;

0OMJ?HM[I =IH>C=CIH;F >I JLI=?MMI HIM

0OMJ?HM[I >; JL?M=LC\[I HIM N?LGIM >I

!;@OA; ?P;M[I ;LL?<;N;G?HNI?;GINCH;G?HNI>?JL?MIM

L?P?M IG?HNXLCIM;IM LCG?M*CFCN;L?M?G1?GJI>?$O?LL;

-IL IONLI F;>I J?F; CGJILNZH=C; >IM N?G;M ;<IL>;>IM "G IM

, ?MNO>I ] >CPC>C>I ?G >O;M J;LN?M Parte Geral ? Parte Especial

MMCG =IGI H; I<L; ;HN?LCIL ?MN? *;HO;F @I=;FCT; ;M >C@?L?H\;M

=?MMXLC; >;M @OH\d?M =IHMNCNO=CIH;CM ;NLC<O_>;M YM #IL\;M LG;>;M ? YM -IF_

"G ?GJIFA;>IM JIL HIMM;M ;OF;M H; =;>?GC; >? -IF_=C; *CF

+; M?KO^H=C; ?PIFOCH>I ?G HIMMI ?MNO>I HI ;HI >?

;FCT;\[I ? ;GJFC;\[I >?G;CM I M?AOH>I PIFOG? HI JLID?NI CHC=C;F H[I ;F

>?>C=;L?GIM ; N;F GCMM[I MMCG J;MM;L?GIM ; @I=;L I =IHN?e>I BCMNaLC=I >I

CH>; KO? H[I M? JIMM; >?@CHCL =IG ?R;NC>[I I GIG?HNI ?G KO?

=?L=; >? ; M?H>I JIL]G ; <?FCA?LZH=C; LIG;H; =LO=C;F J;L; I

MM?HNCH>I H; L?F?PZH=C; CHKO?MNCIHXP?F >I !CL?CNI /IG;HI

KOCLCO ;ONIHIGC; JIL ?MM; L;T[I ?RJd? L?MOGC>;G?HN? ; ?PIFO\[I BCMNaLC=;

; ]JI=; >? IHMN;HNCHI ?G KO? @IC CHMNCNO_>I I Consilium =IG ;

?MM; P?L>;>?CL; =OFNOL; >; AO?LL; >?P?

=;HN? H; HNCAOC>;>? >? =L?H\;M L?FCACIM;M 1IG?

#?CNI I ?M<I\I >; HNCAOC>;>? N?G

CH>; KO? =IMNOG?CL;G?HN? M? ?HR?LAO? N;F ?JCMa>CI JIL ZHAOFI >C

FI=C>;>?p IHMCAH; KO? I o$IP?LHI OMB =IHMNLOCO JIL >?=L?NI OG MCMN?G;

CM>C=CIH;F ?G L?F;\[I ;I =C>;>[I H[I ;G?LC=;HI ; ; >?N?H\[I M?=L?N; < ;

<;NC>; J?F; >IONLCH; GCHCG;FCMN; FAOHM JIO=IM DX L?ACMNL;L;G MO; JIMC\[I

H;\d?M >I /?CHI JLCH=CJ;FG?HN? ;M #CFCJCH;M >?=L?N;>;M ?G 3CAIL

;L;G MI<L?NO>IM?O)CPLI&3 HIL;MCF;N]

AL;H>? KO?MN[I ; M?L M;NCM@?CN; NI>;PC; ] M;<?L M? I !CL?CNI -?H;F

?MNL? ;LCHB?CLI $LOG?N? IG<;L>?CLI 0JCHA;L>?CLI ? KO;FKO?L IONL;

a>CAI -?H;F >; L