TNH HN CUA THP

Cc nhn to anh hrng &tn tnh hn :

1)Anh hrng cita Carbon :
Carbon l nguyn to htip kim chnh cila hau het cc loai thp . Tang hm luting carbon s lm
tang tnh bien cing cila vat liOu khi bi tc di,ng nhiOt . Khi xt den tnh hn chng ta xt den kha
nang gim thi6u cc nguy co xuat hiOn cc vet nit do bien cing a vng anh huOng nhiOt . (HAZ :
Heat Affected Zone) .
Xc &inh hm lryng Carbon trong &rung cita thp hyp kim :
Khi xc dinh tnh hn thp htip kim , chng ta phai xt de anh huOng cila cc nguyn to htip kim
c trong thp den tnh hn .
Hm luting Carbon tuong duong l chi so th6 hiOn cc anh huOng cila cc nguyn to htip kim den
tnh hn vOi gi dinh l cc nguyn to htip kim s tc di,ng tuong tv nhu tc di,ng cila sir gia tang
hm luting carbon trong thp.
Cng thirc tnh CE nhu sau

2)Anh hrng cita ktt cau v b dy mi ghp :

Be dy tuong duong (CJT) l chi sic) tnh den sir gia tang b6s dy do ket cdu mic)i ghp . Chng ta
biet rang be dy thp s anh huOng den qu trnh phn tn nhiOt hn , c nghia l anh huOng den
tOc di, ngui,i . Ni cch khc anh huOng den tnh hn cila ket cau .
Cng thirc tnh CJT nhu sau :

3)Anh hrng cita ning lryng hn :

Cc thng sic) hn cling gy ra cc tc di,ng den chdt luting hn , nghia l chng c cc anh huOng
nhat dinh den tnh hn cila thp v ket cau .
Cng thc tnh ning lryng hn nhr sau :

Trong d
Q = Nang luting hn cho mi,t don vi chiu di ( Kilojoules / millimet, KJ/mm)
E = Dien p hi) quang (volts)
I = Cueng di, hn (Amperes)
V = Tic)c di, hn (mm/min)

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Qui trnh tng qut xc nh tnh hn v yu cu nung s b

1. Xc nh CE t cc thng tin bit c v thnh phn hp kim ca mc thp s c hn.
Tham kho bng Table 1 ng vi tr s CE tnh tan bit ch s tnh hn cn tham kho
Carbon tng ng

Tnh hn

Carbon tng ng

Tnh hn

CE
(CE)Tham kho
Di 0.30
=0.30 < 0.35

Ch s
1
2

CE
(CE)Tham kho
0.55 < 0.60
0.60 < 0.65

Ch s
7
8

0.35 < 0.40

0.65 < 0.70

0.40 < 0.45

0.70 < 0.75

10

0.45 < 0.50

0.75 < 0.80

11

0.50 < 0.55

> 0.80

12

Table 1
Cc ch s trn 12 (vd. 12A, 12B, 12C & 13) khng c lin quan n CE.
2. Dng s Diagram 1 xc nh b dy tng ng (CJT) ng vi kt cu hn c th

3. Dng hnh Figure 1, xc nh tc ng ca kt cu n ch s tnh hn

L?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?m?a?n?"?W?3?(?V?N?)?-? ?2?C?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?m?a?

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4. C c ch s hn v da vo nng lng hn tnh tan tham chiu ln Figure 2* hoc 3*

xc nh xem c cn nung s b hay khng v nu nung s b th s nung vi nhit bao nhiu
*Note: Figure 2 khi que hn / phng php hn p ng iu kin gim hp thu hydro;
Figure 3. dng i vi cc lai que / phng php hn khng ch n vic kim sat nng
hydro s b mi hn hp thu.

L?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?m?a?n?"?W?3?(?V?N?)?-? ?2?C?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?

m?a?n?"?T??n?h? ?h??n? ?c?a? ?t?h??p?R?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?m?a?n?"?2?2?
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Nung s b c th ci thin tnh hn ca thp :

1.Khi hn thp carbon cao , hp kim , nung s b lm chm tc ngui ca mi hn v do
ngn chn vic hnh thnh cc cu trc luyn kim bt li cho c tnh thp vng nh hng nhit
2.Nung s b lm gim chnh lch nhit cc khu vc xung quanh vng hn , do lm
gim ng sut nhit tc ng ln mi hn .
3.Nhit nung s b cn xc nh theo yu cu hnh Figure 2 hoc 3 . Nung qu cao gy ra
lng ph v bin dng kt cu , nung qu thp s khng ci thin c tnh hn nh mong mun .
Ngai ra cn phi ch n vic gi nhit gia cc lp hn bo m tnh hn c ci thin
trit .
4.Nung s b gip cho qu trnh that khi hydro khi vng hn c tng cng , kt qu l
nguy c nt hydro c ci thin ng k .
G t v hn nh c vai tr quan trng cho vic ci thin cht lng hn :
Cc khuyt tt hn rt thng gp c nguyn nhn l s non km tay ngh hoc quy trnh hn
khng c tun th . Cc khuyt tt bao gm :
Thiu chy , chng mp
Thiu ngu
Nt khi ng rn
Bt kh
Ngm x
Cc khuyt tt trn hu ht l do qu trnh chun b mi hn qu cu th . Mt khc , cc gim st
hn v th hn i khi xem nh tc ng ca nguyn cng g t v hn nh . Kt qu l qu trnh
hn khng c thc hin sun s , v trong nhiu trng hp dn n cht lng hn qu km .
Mi hn c chun b tt phi bo m :
Gc hn tht k hp l tit din tng lp hn c t l hp l gia chiu cao v b rng ;
to thun li cho qu trnh that kh v chng nt khi ng rn mi hn.
Mp hn c ty sch hn ch bt kh , ngm x
Cc mi hn nh phi c thc hin vi cng lai que p , cng phng php v qui trnh
hn .
Cc mi hn nh phi chc chn v phn b hp l c th chu ng c s co rt ,
bin dng do nhit sinh ra khi hn .

L?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?m?a?n?"?W?3?(?V?N?)?-? ?2?C?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?

m?a?n?"?T??n?h? ?h??n? ?c?a? ?t?h??p?R?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?m?a?n?"?2?2?
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Ghi ch v cc nhm v
Ch s
1&2

2A*

3&4

3A* & 4A*

5&6

5A*
7, 8 & 9

7B*

*Ch thch Cc k t bA , B & C cho bit l cn c cc ch c bit ngai ch s CE v s hin din ca lu hynh (S), hoc
ch ( Pb) hoc cc nguyn t hp kim nm ngai cng thc tnh CE

10 & 11

1 1A
12

1 2A*

12B*

L?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?m?a?n?"?W?3?(?V?N?)?-? ?2?C?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?

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12C*

L?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?m?a?n?"?W?3?(?V?N?)?-? ?2?C?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?

w? ?R?o?m?a?n?"?T??n?h? ?h??n? ?c?a? ?t?h??p?R?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?
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Ghi ch v cc nhm vt liu v ch s tnh hn

Hng dn
Tnh hn tt c th hn vi nhm que AWS A5.1: E60XX or 70XX. Hoc hn MIG/MAG vi dy ER70S-6
hoc hn dy thuc (FCAW) ER70T khng cn cc bin php c bit hoc nung s b
Thp nhm ny c tnh hn rt xu do c hm lng lu hynh cao v c cha ch , xu th nt nng nghim
trng. Khi nht thit phi hn c th dng que basic E70 16 hoc cc que hn austenite c hm lng
Mangan cao
Tnh hn tt nh nhm 1 & 2. hn GMAW hoc FCAW c s dng khi cc iu kin cng ngh cho php
. Vi b dy tng ng 50mm, tt nht nn s dng que hn hoc cc phng php gim hydro v c
ch nung s b tha ng
Cc que hn nhm ny i hi phi c ph chun khi hn kt cu tu. Nhm ny c th hn vi cc que
hn tng ng tiu chun c / New zealand AS/NZS 1553.1: E4 1XX-2 or E48XX-2 . C th dng
phng php GMAW vi dy ER70-S6. C th dng phng php hn dy thuc
Nhm thp hp kim thp c bn trung bnh hoc cao, Chn que hn c bn tng ng , thnh phn
ha hc tng ng . Tt nht nn chn nhm thuc basic (gim hydro) hoc dy hn c cp bn tng
ng . Nn nung s b khi c yu cu
Nhm ny cn lu tnh chu n mn do thi tit , chn que hn c cha ng hoc Nickel. Khi mu sc
khu vc mi hn khng l ch tiu k thut c th hn nh nhm 5
Ging nh nhm 5 & 6. Dng que hn hoc cc qui trnh gim hydro vi lu l hm lng carbon tng
ng kh cao , nn kh nng bin cng vng nh hng nhit rt mnh . Mi hn phi bo m c c tnh
tt hn kim lai hn . Cn tun th nghim nht qui trnh nung s b , gi nhit gia cc lp hn v lm
ngui chm sau khi hn . Nhm hn ch xu th nt hydro , que hn phi c sy v bo qun theo hng
dn ca nh cung cp .
Nhm thp Chrom-Molybden v Molybden ny phi hn vi nhm E80XX-B2 , hoc dy hn Autocraft
Mn-Mo / CrMo1 khi p dng GMAW. Phi bo m cc yu cu ny bo tan bn ro v chng n
mn nhit ha cho khu vc hn . Phi s dng cc qui trnh hn gim hydro kt hp vi qui trnh nung , gi
nhit tha ng . Lm ngui chm hoc x l nhit sau khi hn.
*Ch thch Cc k t bA , B & C cho bit l cn c cc ch c bit ngai ch s CE v s hin din ca lu hynh (S), hoc
ch ( Pb) hoc cc nguyn t hp kim nm ngai cng thc tnh CE
Dng cc qui trnh gim hydro vi cc ch bo m thnh phn hp kim v bn khi chn kim lai p .
Que / Dy hn cn sy / bo qun theo hng dn hn ch xu th nt hydro . Gi nhit nung s b
tha ng , lm ngui chm hoc x l nhit sau khi hn .
Nh nhm 2A. Dng que gim hydro c sy cn thn
Dng qui trnh hn gim hydro.Ty ng dng c th s dng kim lai p c bn thp hoc cao hn kim
lai hn. Nhm thp ny d bin cng cn tun th cht ch qui trnh nung s b , gi nhit , kim sat tc
ngui v x l nhit ngay sau khi hn .
Thp hp kim l xo: dng que v qui trnh gim hydro hn , nhm Exx 16 thch hp nht . Cn sy que
k . Nhit nung s b cao 250-300C v gi nhit gia cc lp hn vi nhit khng i. Sau khi hn
lm ngui chm chi tit trong vi hoc cch nhit . Hn khi que hn c sy nng v c nhit 150 200
Nhm thp Chrom-Molybden ny phi hn vi que E90XX B3 hoc dy hn Autocraft CrMo2 khi hn
MIG/MAG. bo m tnh chng ro v chng n mn nhit ha . S dng cc qui trnh gim hydro vi
cc ch v nung s b , gi nhit v lm ngui cng nh x l nhit sau khi hn

L?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?m?a?n?"?W?3?(?V?N?)?-? ?2?C?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?

w? ?R?o?m?a?n?"?T??n?h? ?h??n? ?c?a? ?t?h??p?R?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?
m?a?n?"?2?2?
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Nhm thp dng c c ti , tnh hn rt xu . Hn ch hn khi c th . Khi cn hn sa cha tm

thi nn dng cc que hn c hm lng nickel cao nh Ferrocraft 1 8-Ni(E Ni-CI ) hoc dy thuc SupreCor 5 sau khi chi tit. Nung nng , gi nhit v lm ngui chm . Sau khi hn phi x l nhit . Cn
tham kho hng dn ca nh cung cp thp khi hn

L?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?m?a?n?"?W?3?(?V?N?)?-? ?2?C?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?

w? ?R?o?m?a?n?"?T??n?h? ?h??n? ?c?a? ?t?h??p?R?"?T?i?m?e?s? ?N?e?w? ?R?o?
m?a?n?"?2?2?
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