Photography

Mr. Crane

DLSR Camera Assignment

Hulda Neufeld

Handling Cameras
Steady and steadfast
Firm in position or place, fixed and balanced. Firmly constant;
unswerving, not changing
Use of tripod
a tripod is used to stabilize and elevate a camera, a flash unit, or other
photographic equipment.

Body Lean related to using cameras

Leaning against the wall
Sitting
Squatting
Laying Down
Bending over
Standing Up

Portrait format holding

1/4 counter-clockwise, so the right hand and shutter button comes on
top. Left hand stays under the lens, supporting the weight, just as in
the landscape orientation.

 Camera ergonomics
Handling the camera

Picture Composition
Symmetry
quality of being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or
around an axis.

Radial
arranged like rays or the radii of a circle; diverging in lines from a
common center. Diagonal/angle

Overlapping
extend over so as to cover partly.

 Rule of thirds
The rule of thirds is applied by aligning a subject with the guide
lines and their intersection points, placing the horizon on the top
or bottom line, or allowing linear features in the image to flow
from section to section.

Framing
Framing is simply using other objects in your photograph to frame the
main subject. This is probably one of the easier composition
techniques in photography. Framing brings more depth to the picture
and a better focus on what the main subject is.

Geometric patterns
A geometric pattern is a kind of pattern formed of geometric shapes
and typically repeating like a wallpaper. Any of the five senses may
directly observe patterns.

 View finder
a device on a camera for showing the area of the subject to be
included in the picture

Sequences
a particular order in which related events, movements, or things
follow each other.

 Shutter lag
shutter lag is the delay between triggering the shutter and when the
photograph is actually recorded.

Metering
metering mode refers to the way in which a camera determines the
exposure.

Focusing and Depth of Field

Depth of field
depth of field (DOF) is the distance between the nearest and
farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an
image.

 ISO
low ISOs, like 100 or 200, are most often used in bright situations
(like sunlight) or when the camera is mounted on a tripod. If you
don't have a lot of light, or need a fast shutter speed, you would
probably raise the ISO.

Lens focusing
A lens that has been focused in a fixed position by the manufacturer.
The user does not have to adjust the focus of this lens, applies on most
entry or disposable cameras.

 Lens aperture
The hole or opening formed by the metal leaf diaphragm inside the
lens or the opening in a camera lens through which light passes to
expose the film. The size of aperture is either fixed or adjustable.
Aperture size is usually calibrated in f- numbers-the larger the
number, the smaller the lens opening. Aperture affects depth of field,
the smaller the aperture, the greater is the zone of sharpness, the
bigger the aperture, the zone of sharpness is reduced. The hole or
opening formed by the metal leaf diaphragm inside the lens; controls
amount of light and depth of field, prevents vignetting and reduces
lens aberrations; the size of the aperture is indicated by its f-number,
i.e., the ratio of the diameter of the opening to the focal length of the
lens; a large aperture is indicated by a small numerical f-number.

Focus distance
distance between the camera and the subject you have focused on.

 Auto settings DSLR cameras (choose a specific camera brand and

model)
Nikon D5500
DX format
24.2 mega-pixels
100-25600 ISO
EXPEED 4
39 AF points
5 fps
60p Full HD
Built-in Wi-Fi
Touch screen
Vari-angle monitor
Special Effects
Panoramas
Panoramic photography is a technique of photography, using
specialized equipment or software, that captures images with
elongated fields of view. It is sometimes known as wide format
photography. The term has also been applied to a photograph that is
cropped to a relatively wide aspect ratio.

Letterbox
Letterboxing is the practice of transferring film shot in a widescreen
aspect ratio to standard-width video formats while preserving the
film's original aspect ratio.
Cropping

When you crop an image or photo, you remove part of the image. This
may involve cutting some of the image from the left, right, top,
bottom, or any combination thereof. It may also mean just cutting out
a small rectangular of the image.

Blurs
motion blur may be avoided by panning the camera to track those
moving objects. In this case, even with long exposure times, the
objects will appear sharper, and the background more blurred.

Close-ups/zoom/extreme zoom (macro)

The process of taking photographs of small objects with regular
photographic lenses at reproduction ratios of 1X or greater; also
referred to as "photomacrography.

 Lenses (what different lenses can do)

Autofocus (AF): Single-servo AF (AF-S); full-time-servo AF (AF-F)
Manual focus (MF)
Perspective
The rendition of apparent space in a flat photograph, i.e., how far the
foreground and background appear to be separated from each other;
determined by only one factor: the camera-to-subject distance; if
objects appear in their normal size relations, the perspective is
considered "normal"; if the foreground objects are much larger than
the ones in the background, the perspective is considered
"exaggerated"; when there is little difference in size between
foreground and background, we say the perspective looks
"compressed."

Color composition
The pleasing arrangement of the elements within a scene-the main
subject, the foreground and background, and supporting subjects.

Lighting
Silhouette
view of an object or a scene consisting of the outline and a featureless
interior, with the silhouetted object usually being black.

Flares
An overall decrease in contrast caused by light being reflected off,
instead of transmitted through, a lens surface; controllable through the
use of multilayer coating of individual lens elements in a lens;
aggravated by unclean lens surfaces on front and rear lens elements or
filters.

Flash
The artificial light souce in the dark. Electronic flash requires a high
voltage, usually obtained from batteries through a voltage-multiplying
circuit. It has a brief, intense burst of light, usually used where the
lighting on the scene is inadequate for picture-taking. They are
generally considered to have the same photographic effect as daylight.
Most flash will correct the color temperature back to 5000 kelvin - the
daylight color. You can play around with filters mounting on the flash
head for some specific effects or alter the color if necessary. Modern
flash has multiple TTL flash exposure control functions and even
extend to autofocus control. Some specialized flash are high speed
repeating flash which can use for strobocopic effect, UV-flash for ultra
violet light photography etc.

 Studio lighting
Studio lighting intimidates a lot of photographers, but theres really no
mystery about it at all. It comes down to two aspects of lighting:
exposure and shadows

Shadows
A shadow is an area where light from a light source is obstructed by
an object. It occupies all of the space behind an opaque object with
light in front of it.

F stop
Useful for determining the maximum flash to-subject distance for
flash photography.

The Ideal Camera

Camera phone photography
A camera phone is a mobile phone which is able to capture
photographs. Most camera phones also record video

Different types of cameras, include brands, prices, best buys, reasons.

Canon
EOS Rebel T5i
$849.99

Nikon
D5500
869.95

The Nikon D5500 would be the best but for a few reasons. #1: Unlike
the Canon Eos Rebel T5i which has a 18.0 megapixel photo, the
Nikon D5500 has a 24.2-megapixel photo. Reason #2: While the

Canon Eos Rebel T5i shoots 5.0, the Nikon D5500 shoots 60p. The
only downer about The Nikon D5500 is $19.96 more expensive than
the Canon Eos Rebel T5i

Photographic Accessories
Lenses, Lens Filters, Cases and Bags, Tripods and Mounts, Cleaning
Supplies.

Careers
Advertising and Commercial Photography, Architecture Photography,
Fashion Photography, Food Photography, Photojournalism, Portrait
Photography, Product Photography, Sports Photography, Wedding
Photography