Multipole

„ Point charge „ Example 3.10

EM-3.4-1
Example 3.10

EM-3.4-2
Dipole

EM-3.4-3
 Electric Field of a Dipole

„ Let p lies at the origin and points in the z direction

EM-3.4-4
EM-3.4-5
Example: Linear Quadrupole

EM-3.4-6
„ using the principle of (linear) superposition

„ using the Law of Cosines

EM-3.4-7
„ For r >> d

„ Compare:

EM-3.4-8
Example: Linear octupole

EM-3.4-9
l th-order electric multipole, l = 0, 1, 2, 3

EM-3.4-10
EM-3.4-11
arbitrary localized charge distribution

EM-3.4-12
EM-3.4-13
Origin of Coordinates in Dipole moment

EM-3.4-14