QUANTITATIVE

DETERMINATION OF SODA ASH

COMPOSITION BY DOUBLE INDICATOR TITRATION
DATA SHEET CALCULATIONS
Standardization of Hydrochloric Acid Solution
Primary Standard used: Na2CO3
% Purity of Primary Standard: 99.9%
Formula mass of primary standard: 106 g/mol
Trial

Primary Standard
weight, g

0.1000 0.0002

0.1100 0.0002

0.0990 0.0002

Final volume of HCl, mL

37.5 0.08

41.0

39.9

Initial Volume of HCl, mL

2.0 0.08

0.0 0.08

0.1 0.08

Net Volume of HCl, mL

35.5 0.08

41.0 0.08

39.8 0.08

M HCl

0.053095934

0.050570639

0.046463449

Average M HCl

0.05004334 M

Trial 1
M HCl = [ (0.1g Na2CO3 x 99.9%) x (1 mol Na2CO3 / 106 g/mol) x (2 mol HCl / 1 mol Na2CO3) ] / (35.5ml x 1L /
1000ml)
= 0.053095934 M HCl
Trial 2
M HCl = [ (0.11g Na2CO3 x 99.9%) x (1 mol Na2CO3 / 106 g/mol) x (2 mol HCl / 1 mol Na2CO3) ] / (41.0ml x 1L /
1000ml)
= 0.050570639 M HCl
Trial 3
M HCl = [ (0.099g Na2CO3 x 99.9%) x (1 mol Na2CO3 / 106 g/mol) x (2 mol HCl / 1 mol Na2CO3) ] / (39.8ml x 1L /
1000ml)
= 0.046463449 M HCl
Average M HCl = (0.053095934 + 0.050570639 + 0.046463449) / 3 = 0.05004334 M HCl
Sample Analysis
Sample stock solution

Mass of Sample: 0.4995

Total Volume of Sample Stock 75
Working Sample Solution

Trial 1

Trial 2

Trial 3

Phenolphthalein endpoint
Final volume of HCl, mL

11.0

6.9

6.7

Initial volume of HCl, mL

4.5

Net volume of HCl, mL

6.5

6.9

6.7

QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF SODA ASH

COMPOSITION BY DOUBLE INDICATOR TITRATION
Trial 1

Trial 2

Trial 3

Methyl Orange endpoint

FInal volume of HCl, mL

28.5

25.2

25.7

Initial volume of HCl, mL

11.0

6.9

6.7

Net volume of HCl, mL

17.5

18.3

19.0

Vph = Sum of the Net volume of HCl of phenolphthalein endpoint / 3

= (6.5 + 6.9 + 6.7) / 3 = 6.7
Vmo = Sum of the Net volume of HCl of methyl orange endpoint / 3
= (17.5 + 18.3 + 19.0) / 3 = 18.26666667
Comparing Vph and Vmo, Vph < Vmo so the composition of soda ash is composed of Na2CO3 and NaHCO3.
Trial 1
% NaOH = 0%
%Na2CO3 = [(0.05004334 mmol HCl/mL HCl) (6.5mL HCl) (106.00g Na2CO3/ 1mol Na2CO3)] / [0.4995g
(1000mg/1g) (25/75) ] x 100% = 20.71%
%NaHCO3 = [(0.05004334 M HCl x (17.5 - 6.5) x (84.0059 mg NaHCO3/ 1mmol NaHCO3)] / [ 0.4995 x (1000mg /
1g) x (25/75)] x 100% = 27.77%
Trial 2
% NaOH = 0%
%Na2CO3 = [(0.05004334 mmol HCl/mL HCl) (6.9mL HCl) (106.00g Na2CO3/ 1mol Na2CO3)] / [0.4995g
(1000mg/1g) (25/75) ] x 100% = 21.98%
%NaHCO3 = [(0.05004334 M HCl x (18.3 - 6.9) x (84.0059 mg NaHCO3/ 1mmol NaHCO3)] / [ 0.4995 x (1000mg /
1g) x (25/75)] x 100% = 28.78%
Trial 3
% NaOH = 0%
%Na2CO3 = [(0.05004334 mmol HCl/mL HCl) (6.7mL HCl) (106.00g Na2CO3/ 1mol Na2CO3)] / [0.4995g
(1000mg/1g) (25/75) ] x 100% = 21.35%
%NaHCO3 = [(0.05004334 M HCl x (18.3 - 6.9) x (84.0059 mg NaHCO3/ 1mmol NaHCO3)] / [ 0.4995 x (1000mg /
1g) x (25/75)] x 100% = 31.06%
Composition of Soda Ash:
%Na2CO3 = (20.71% + 21.98% + 21.35%) / 3 = 21.35%
%NaHCO3 = (27.77% + 28.78% + 31.06%) / 3 = 29.20%
ERROR PROPAGATION
Standardization of Hydrochloric Acid Solution
Net Volume of HCl
Trial 1, 2 and 3:
{(0.05)2 + (0.05)2} = 0.07 mL
M of HCl

QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF SODA ASH

COMPOSITION BY DOUBLE INDICATOR TITRATION
Trial 1:
(0.0531) { {(0.0002/0.1000)2 + (0.07/35.5)2} = 0.001 M
Trial 2:
(0.0506) { {(0.0002/0.1100)2 + (0.07/41.0)2} = 0.001 M
Trial 3:
(0.0464) { {(0.0002/0.0990)2 + (0.07/39.8)2} = 0.001 M
Average M HCl:
{(0.001)2 + (0.001)2 + (0.001)2} = 0.002 M
Sample Analysis
Net Volume of HCl, mL
Phenolphthalein endpoint:
{(0.05)2 + (0.05)2} = 0.07 mL
Methyl Orange endpoint:
{(0.05)2 + (0.05)2} = 0.07 mL
Trial 1
Composition (%) of Na2CO3
(20.7) { {(0.0002/0.4995)2 + (0.07/17.5)2 + (0.0002/0.0502)2} = 0.1% M
Composition (%) of NaHCO3
(27.8) { {(0.0002/0.4995)2 + (0.10/11.0)2 + (0.0002/0.0502)2} = 0.3%
Trial 2
Composition (%) of Na2CO3
(22.0) { {(0.0002/0.4995)2 + (0.07/17.5)2 + (0.0002/0.0502)2} = 0.1% M
Composition (%) of NaHCO3
(28.9) { {(0.0002/0.4995)2 + (0.10/11.4)2 + (0.0002/0.0502)2} = 0.3%
Trial 3
Composition (%) of Na2CO3
(21.4) { {(0.0002/0.4995)2 + (0.07/17.5)2 + (0.0002/0.0502)2} = 0.1% M
Composition (%) of NaHCO3
(31.0) { {(0.0002/0.4995)2 + (0.10/11.4)2 + (0.0002/0.0502)2} = 0.3%
Average Composition (%) of Na2CO3
{(0.1)2 + (0.1)2 + (0.1)2} = 0.5%
Average Composition (%) of NaHCO3
{(0.3)2 + (0.3)2 + (0.3)2} = 0.5%