RAILWAY Accident Detection and security

AIM:
The main objective of this project is to develop an embedded system, which is rail
tracking and accident detection system.

IMPLEMENTATION:
This project is implemented 8051 based At89s52 developed board interfaced with
IR Sensor, H-Bridge driver, Motors.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
555 TIMER

IR
TX

IR
RX
1

IR
TX

IR
RX
2

MICROCONTROLLER
AT89S52

VIBRATION
SENSOR
CRYSTAL

POWER SUPPLY:

Step Down
Transformer

Bridge
Rectifier

Filter
Circuit

Regulator
section

DESCRIPTION:
Automatic half-barrier (AHB) Access prevented by means of two half-barriers that
block the flow of road traffic, but not the exits leaving an escape route for trapped
motorists. The primary protection is a combination of road traffic light signals, audible
warning devices and the half-barriers. The lights and sirens are activated at a set time
before the operation of the barriers. The operation of the barriers is initiated automatically
as the train approaches. The barriers rise automatically when the train has passed, unless
there is another train approaching that would arrive within the time needed to operate the
crossing sequence. Crossing equipment condition is monitored remotely when the
railway line is open. In addition, telephones are provided for public use and connected to
the monitoring point.
Our embedded system board consists of a microcontroller interfaced with IR
sensor, H-Bridge driver and motors. The IR Sensors are placed on either side of the gate.
Assuming the train is arriving from the direction of IR1 sensor, when the train is detected
at IR1 Sensor the gate is closed which is isndicated through the movement of the motor in
clock wise direction and when the train is detected at IR2 Sensor the gate is opened
which is indicated through the movement of the motor in anti clock wise direction. Wise
versa when the train is arriving from IR2 sensor direction.

The system uses a compact circuitry build around flash version of AT89S52
microcontroller with a non volatile memory
Programs are developed using Embedded C, compiled using RIDE tool. ISP is
used to dump the code into microcontroller.

SOFTWARE:
Embedded C
RIDE to write code
ISP to burn the chip

HARDWARE:
At89s52 based our own developed board
Power Supply
IR Sensor
Vibration Sensor
ADVANTAGES: Low cost, automated operation, Low Power consumption.
REFERENCES
1. The 8051 micro controller and embedded systems by Mazidi.
2. www.wikipedia.org
3. WWW.atmel.com
4. www.8051projects.com
5. Embedded systems with 8051 by kenith j ayala