DEUTSCHE NORM October 1994 Tests for colour fastness of textiles Grey scale for assessing change in colour (ISO 105-A02: 1993) English version of DIN EN 20105-A02 ‘This standard incorporates the English version of ISO 105-A02. es 59.020 ‘Supersedes DIN 54001, ‘August 1982 edition. Descriptors: Textiles, colour fastness, grey scale, change In colour. Toxtlion; Farbechtheitsprafungen. Tell A02: GraumaBstab zur Bewertung der Anderung der Farbe (180 105-A02:1993) European Standard EN 20105-A02: 1994 has the status of a DIN Standard. ‘A-comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been published in accordance with a decision taken by CEN/TC 248 to adopt, without alteration, International Standard ISO 105-A02 as a European Standard. ‘The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the NormenausschuB Materialprifung (Materials Testing Standards Committe ‘Amendments DIN 54001, August 1982 edition, has been superseded by the specifications of EN 20105-A02, which Is identical to 180 105-02, Previous editions DIN 63950: 1954-01; DIN53961: 1954-01; DIN 64001: 1958-11, 1962-07, 1969-12, 1982-08. International Patent Classification 08 H 003/00 G01 N039/36 EN comprises 4 pages. ‘Bah Vara Gr Bain, has Wa exauawe igh fal for Goan STandaree BIN NOTaN) ‘DINEN 20105-A02_ Engl. Price group 5EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 20105-A02 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM August 1904 UDC 677.016.47:677.016.41:535,653, Supersedes EN 20 105-A02: 1992. Descriptors: Textiles, colour fastness, grey scale, change in colour. English version Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour (ISO 105-A02: 1993) Toxtles; essals de solidié des teintures. _Textilon; Farbechtheitspritungen. Partie A02: Echelle de gris pour Teil AO2: GraumaBstab zur Bewertung révaluation des dégradations der Anderung der Faroe (180 105-A02: 1998) (180 105-A02:1983) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-08-09 and Is identical to the ISO Standard as referred to. ‘CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC internal Regulations which stipu- late the conditions forgiving this European Standard the status ofa national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be ‘obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. ‘This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibilty of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. ‘CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austra, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, ‘Germany, Greece, Iceland, reland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, ‘Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europaisches Komitee fiir Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels (© 1994. Copyright reserved to all CEN members. Rel, No. EN 20105-A02: 1994 EPage 2 EN 20 105-A02: 1994 Foreword Intemational Standard 180 105-A02 Textiles; tests for colour fastness; grey scale for assessing change in colour has been taken over as a European Standard by CEN/TC 248 ‘Textiles and textile products’ from the work of ISO/TC 38 "Textiles of the International Organization for Standardization (($0). ‘This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, and conflicting national standards withdrawn, by February 1995 at the latest. In accordance with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice ‘The toxt of the Intemational Standard ISO 105-A02:1993 was approved by CEN as a European Standard without any modification,1 Scope This part of ISO 105 describes the grey scale for de- termining changes in colour of textiles in colour fast- ness tests, and its use. A precise colorimetric specification of the scale is given as a permanent record against which newly prepared working stan- dards and standards that may have changed can be compared. 2 Principle 2.1 The essential, or &-step, scale consists of five pairs of non-glossy grey colour chips (or swatches of grey cloth), which illustrate the perceived colour dif- ferences corresponding to fastness ratings 6, 4, 3, 2 and 1. This essential scale may be augmented by the provision of similar chips or swatches illustrating the perceived colour differences corresponding to the half-step fastness ratings 4-5, 3-4, 2-3 and 1-2, such scales being termed 9-step scales, The first member of each pair is neutral grey in colour and the second member of the pair illustrating fastness rating 5 is identical with the first member. The second members of the remaining pairs are increasingly lighter in colour 30 that each pair illustrates increasing contrasts or perceived colour differences which are defined colorimetrically. The full colorimetric specification is given below. 2.2 The chips or swatches shall be neutral grey in colour and shall be measured with a spectro- photometer with the specular component included. The colorimetric data shall be calculated using CIE 1964 supplementary standard colorimetric. sys- tem (10° observer data) for illuminant Des- 2.3 The ¥ tristimulus value of the first member of ‘each pair shall be 12 + 1 Page EN 20105-A02: 1994 2.4 The second member of each pair shall be such that the colour difference between it and the adjacent first member is as follows: Fastnoss CIELAB ditt ‘grade Tolerance 6 0 0,2 (65) 08. £02 4 U7 £03 6-4) 25 £035 3 34. £04 (23) 48 £05 2 68 +06 2) 96 £07 1 13,6 £10 (Bracketed values apply only to the step scale.) 25 Use of the scale. Place a piece of the original textile and the tested specimen of it side by side in ‘the same plane and oriented in the same direction. Place the grey scale nearby in the same plane. The surrounding field should be neutral grey colour ap- proximately midway between that illustrating grade 1 and that illustrating grade 2 of the grey scale for as- sessing change in colour (this is approximately Munsell NB). If necessary to avoid effects of the backing on the appearance of the textiles, use two or more layers of the original textile under both original and tested specimens. Illuminate the surfaces with north sky light in the Northern hemisphere, south sky light in the Southern hemisphere, or an’ equivalent source with an illumination of 600 x or more. The light should be incident upon the surfaces at approxi- mately 45°, and the direction of viewing approximately perpendicular to the plane of the surfaces. Compare the visual difference between original and tested ma- | with the differences represented by the grey scale.Page 4 EN 20105-A02:1994 If the S-step scale is used, the fastness rating of the specimen is that number of the grey scale which has 2 perceived colour difference equal in magnitude to the perceived colour difference between the original and the treated specimens; if the latter is judged to be nearer the imaginary contrast lying midway be- tween two adjacent pairs than it is to either, the tested specimen is given an intermediate assess- ment, for example 4-6 or 2-3. A rating of 5 is given ‘only when there is no perceived difference between the tested specimen and the original material. If the 9-step scale is used, the fastness rating of the specimen is that number of the grey scale which has a perceived colour difference nearest in magnitude to the perceived colour difference between the original piece and the tested specimen. A rating of 5 is given only when there is no perceived difference between the tested specimen and the original material When a number of assessments have been made, it is very useful to compare all the pairs of original and tested specimens which have been given the same numerical rating. This gives a good indication of the consistency of the assessments, since any errors be- come prominent. Pairs which do not appear to have the same degree of contrast as the remainder of their groups should be re-checked against the grey scale and, if necessary, the rating should be changed. 3 Describing colour changes in fastness tests 3.1 In using the grey scale, as outlined in 2.5, the character of the change in colour, whether in hue, depth, brightness or any combination of these, is not rated: the overall difference or contrast, between original and tested specimens, is the basis for the assessment. 3.2 If, as in rating dyes on textiles for example, it is desired to record the character of the change in colour of the textile in the test, appropriate qualitative terms may be added to the numerical rating, as illustrated by the examples shown in table 1 Table 1 — Examples of descriptions of change in character Meaning Contrast Rating | corresponding ‘to following Character of change ‘rades of grey eal 3 Grades {Loss in depth of colour only ‘Tresder | Grades No signfieant Toss in depth but colour redder ‘Swoaker | Grade S loss in depth and change in yollower hue Sweater | Grade 3 Toss in depth and change io ber both hue and brightness duller Fi redder | Intermediate be- | No significant loss in depth ween grades 4 | but colour slightly redder ang 3.3 When changes in colour occur in two or three directions, it is considered neither feasible nor necessary to indicate the relative magnitude of each change. 3.4 When the space available for recording quali- tative terms is restricted, as on pattern cards, the ab- breviations shown in table 2 may be used. Table 2 — Abbreviations of qualitative terms French abbreviation 8 v R J w Weaker c su. Stronger F D Duler T Br Brighter pu