Humanoids: Are you ready to welcome them in your life?

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Through many decades, the human race has tried to learn and develop a better
technology, and countries from all over the world have done it since the time of 1900s.
Many inventors contributed to history and development of computers, which is a very complex
piece of machinery; algorithms, hardware and software were terms that not an average person
would know or understand in the early years when the first computer was built. Computers were
not very common, because early computers didnt have the type of technology that we use on
daily basis, but that didnt stop us from trying to discover something new. In the earlier centuries
when the first computer was ever built to be sold on the market in 1939 by Hewlett-Packard,
was Founded by: David Packard and Bill Hewlett found Hewlett-Packard in a Palo Alto,
California garage (p23). This computer was sold with the initial price of $54.40, the 200A
model was HP very first product, the 200A is an Audio Oscillator (P-46). This item was used as
a sounds effects generator, The HP 200A model which also rapidly became a popular piece of
test equipment for Engineers and was first bought by Walt Disney.
In 1941 Konrad Zuse finished the Z3 computer (p-32) The Z3 was an early computer,
built by the German Engineer, Konrad Zuse, who was working in complete isolation from
developments elsewhere. Using 2,300 relays, the Z3 used a floating point binary arithmetic and
had 22- bit word length. The original Z3 was destroyed in a bombing raid of Berlin in the late
1943 (Prat A. Gill 2003 P-37) however, Zuse later supervised a reconstruction of the Z3 in the
1960s which is currently on display at the Deutsches Museum in Munich.
In 1939 The complex Number Calculator (CNC) Bell telephones laboratories completed
this calculator, the designer was George Stibitz, he demonstrated the CNC at an American
Mathematical Society conference held at Dartmouth College. (Ganpule A. Arvind P-56).

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George Stibitz explained that with the use of teletype system connected through a special
telephone line, mathematical calculations could be performed without having to send a
special operator to travel far distances to do this calculations, this was considered to be
the first demonstration of remote access computing, after demonstrating this first time IT
skills everybody was stunning, they couldnt believe or even imagine how further in the
future this technology will improve Jones A. Raya 2008 page 34
The ENIAC; Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer 1946 when (ENIAC) (p4) was the first electronic general-purpose computer, capable of being programmed to solve
different class of numerical problems. This computer was designed to calculate artillery firing
tables for the United States of Army Ballistic Research Laboratory, ENIAC was introduced to the
public by the press on February 14th and they called the Giant Brain.(Aloisio Mario P-7) The
speed of this computer compared with electro-mechanical machines was one Thousand times
faster, and the total price cost was $500,000. For the U.S. Army, the price was equal accepted
because they were used at the end of World War II.
The development for technology to be used in war, begun with the ENIAC computer, The
Engineer who designed is: John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert of the University of
Pennsylvania. The size of this computer was very large, (a room size compared also every room
separated for different computer executions). Years later 1987 was named an IEE Milestone
(Cortada James2003P-19). Most of the world knew about this computer design thanks to the
press that during the times of the World War II was the only way of communication and they
seriously believed anything that was written by the press. The computers were built for different
purposes, as the technologies allowed us to go further, always trying to be a better competitor in
order to increase a better economy and a smart world.
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The first Robot was created around 400 BC and was a Mechanical Bird (Campbell All
P-45) By a mathematician named Archytas, He was the The father of the Mechanical
Engineering who constructed a bird shape robot, it was made out of wood and powered with the
use of steam that will make the movements of the robot and flew about 200 meters before
running out of steam. This was not only the first robot, but also the beginning principal of how
birds fly.
Archytas was well known as a Philosopher, Mathematician, and a commander, He was
the founder of mathematical mechanics or better known this days as a Mechanical Engineer,
Plato and Euclid, among others, were influenced from Archytas principle, His closes friend was
Plato, who used him as a model calling him The king of the Philosophers (Campbell All 2005
P-45). Archytas was a Greek Philosopher astronomer; a very intelligent person who enjoyed
mathematics and wanted to discover new ways of Engineering, He believed and claimed that
mathematics was one of the very important branches for understanding Engineering, along with
Geometry, Arithmetic, and Astronomy. In 1954 the first programmable robot was designed by;
George Devol, he was 9 years old when the word Robot first appeared in 1921, The robots in
play had a human form and were manufactured in vats (like a large beer cans shape). Decades
later he invented Electro-mechanical machines that were digitally operated with programmable
arms giving to the world a new revolution in manufacturing. Devol died in 2011 at age of 99
years old, an inventor and an entrepreneur, his work led to the development of the first Industrial
robot, he has over 40 patents. Devolt spent his life transforming ideas into a real products, he was
from Louisville, KY, because there was all kinds of competitors on the market, the desperation of
success drove him into different fields. After many years of hard work, he accomplished and
patented many laws involving the use and proper use of robots without harming humans, that
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was one of the reasons why the department of patent didnt want to give him a full approval for
all his inventions. He adopted and used his skill to create the Photo electric door, color printing
machines, bar-coding and packaging machines. He organized General Electric Industries and his
robotics principals were adopted and seen abroad different countries.
After the robotics industries were discovered, Thousands of industries opted to
use the same idea that Mr. Devol used, build robots to make a safer and more efficiency
in robotic industries, today in hospitals and houses, also the robots are interacting with us.
The Intelligent Robotics Laboratory is working on the key capabilities for
humanoid robot so they can perform activities just like humans do. (Tanaka
F.P-65) They described methods for visual servoing, human-humanoid
interaction and system integration They explained how humanoid robots can
be used in the home (as an assistant for the physically disabled) and in the
factory they show how robots are made and how robots can be programmed.
The emergence of the robotics industry is developing the same way that the
computer business did 30 years ago (W. jeong2009 P-46). Manufacturing
robots currently used on automobile assembly lines as the equivalent of
yesterday's mainframes. The development of robotic products include robotic
arms that will perform medical surgeries, surveillance robots deployed in Iraq
and Afghanistan that dispose roadside bombs for the Army of the U.S.A. this
days, and domestic robots that vacuum the floors while we are at work and
this is just the beginning of a new technology era. In the country of Japan for
the first time a robot that will know how a person is feeling. For example

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Pepper the 'love-powered' humanoid robot that knows how you're feeling.
Pepper is the realization of a 25-year dream for Son, as the CEO recounted
how he was inspired by Astro Boy, a popular science fiction robot created
by: Manga artist Osamu Tezuka in the early 1950s. (Cetina Knorh2007P-76)
Pepper is a baby step in making robots with emotions. Their main vision is to
create affectionate robots than understand peoples feelings and then
autonomously take action. Robots also will perform medical surgeries on
humans; Robotic surgery have been a substantial learning phase that varies
with the task being learned, many open surgeons hold the notion that
secondary to their acclimation with the open surgical technique they will be
able to perform the same given task equally well robotically.
Robotic surgery has been eagerly adopted by patients and surgeons alike in the field of urology,
over the last decade. However, there is a lack of standardization in training curricula
accreditation guidelines to ensure the surgeons competence and patient safety. (Cortada
James2008P-45) It has been demonstrated that both novice and experienced open surgeons
require supervision and mentoring during the initial phases of robotic surgery skill acquisition.
Demonstrating that both novice and experienced open surgeons require supervision and
mentoring during the initial phases of robotic surgery skill acquisition. Robotic surgery, over the
last decade, has been enthusiastically adopted by patients and surgeons alike in the field of
urology, and today, is utilized for oncological. The adoption of robotic surgery continues to
increase, there is an urgent need for unifying the training and credentialing requirements to
ensure patient safety before and after surgery. During the learning process, however, there is an
increased propensity for errors, and in the setting of clinical practice this may or may not be
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acceptable depending on the risk involved. While on the other hand, the usual pathway for
ensuring uncompromised patient outcomes. Consequently, while the technology is highly
futuristic, its representations of person are surprisingly conservative. This stands in contrast
with the discourse of the post-human. Wilson and Haslam (2009) list emergent technologies
(artificial intelligence, biotechnology, cognitive science, genetic manipulation, information
technology, and nanotechnology, as well as robotics), the convergence of which might lead to
the creation of new living organisms, machines with human or superhuman intelligence, and
humans with machine parts and genetically enhanced bodies (p. 249). Post-humanists debate
whether this will de-humanize or enhance humanness. Yet, so far, I have not found works within
the literature centered on social robots that make contact with post-humanism. While the
discourse of social robotics ostensibly reproduces a traditional understanding of humanness, it
does so with biases that consistently accentuate one pole of one dimension of rationalism
interactionist as opposed to individualistic rationalism (to be defined). The focalization of
this dimension in social robotics will serve to identify its limitations in general.
Kahnetal (2009) express concernempirically supported to some extentthat the
baseline for what counts as a full measure of human flourishing will be lowered as a
consequence of future generations gradually adapting to the loss of nature and its replacement
with technological nature (e.g., robot pets). Considerations in this open up ethical issues that
seem to me more pertinent than the question of whether or when robots may deserve human-like
rights. The second reason to avoid contriving a two-dimensional a model is that reducing
ecological Relationalism to an Embeddedness-embodiment construct would sidestep a third
constellation of ecological ideasa domain that partially overlaps the other two and yet is
distinctive. This third domain emphasizes the interconnectedness of all things. Placing robots in

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social spaces shifts the space of problems from matters of machine consciousness to issues of
influencing humans consciousness or attitudes. MacDorman and Cowley indeed propose to
define the goal of android science as the creation of an artificial person, while defining person
with language that is free of speciesism (i.e., the presumption of human superiority) (p. 378).
The creation of artificial persons is more than a political correctness of speech. A recently
emerging subfield (variously labelled developmental robotics, cognitive developmental robotics,
or cognitive robotics) applies the Vygotskian understanding of learning as resulting from the
childs autonomous exploration of the world within social interactions (e.g., Mirolli and Parisi,
2011). Roboticists working in this area are attuned to the importance of language and semiotics
in ways that not only guide their engineering decisions but also reproduce notions of the social
genesis of mind. For example, describing the development of robots for preschool education,
Alacetal. (2011) contend that any conception of the robot as an interlocutor must take into
account the dynamics of interaction; and further assert, such a conception indicates that the
robots social character extends beyond its physical body, to include multimodal interaction
within everyday routines. The robots social character thus includes its positioning in the space
and the arrangement of other actors around it, as well as its interlocutors talk, prosody, gestures,
visual orientation, and facial expressions. (P-894)
The added emphases draw attention to a representation evocative of William Jamess (1890)
assertion of the self as extended into ones social environment. The research program of
developmental robotics has been anticipated in Turings (1950) concluding reflection on
strategies for designing thinking machines: it is best to provide the machine with the best sense
organs . . . and teach it to understand and speak English. This process could follow the normal
teaching of a child. (p. 460). Nevertheless, his primary concern was the creation of a machine

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that could emulate human consciousness. The homology of mental processes is less relevant
when the unit of analysis shifts to a human-robot. Designing robotic products that people will
want to buy and use poses pragmatic challenges other than those posed by the goal of replicating
sentience. To some, creating a technological clone might serve the dream of immortality (see
Rank, 1971, on the double in myths and literary fiction). There could be other motivations.
Pursuing this line of questioning decouples the inquiry from the concerns of social robotics, and
requires some theoretical position regarding subjectivity. Instead of asking what robots can do
for us, we would be asking what their creation and commodification. Ambitious goals have been
set for future humanoid Robotics, they are expected to serve as companions and assistants for
humans in daily life, but we must be very careful on how much level of intelligence we will load
the robots with. Among the greatest inventions The robot humanoids are the best, We are
capable of discover new Technologies world-wide, but We need to be careful on how we strive
and wisely use this Technologies, the results of miss use and the development of humanoids in
the wrong hands can be very catastrophic if safety measurements are not followed.

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