Year 12 Chemistry 2015

Chemistry 2.4 (AS91164) Demonstrate understanding of bonding,

structure, properties and energy changes (5 credits)
Learning Objectives:
At the end of this unit you should be able to:
Structure of Atoms and Ions

Describe the structure of an atom and label diagrams to show the

position of the sub-atomic particles
Use mass and atomic number to determine the number of protons,
neutrons and electrons in an atom
Write electron configurations for the first 20 elements and their ions
Identify ionic compounds from their name or formula
Write formula for a range of ionic compounds

Structure and Properties of Solids

Describe the structure and bonding of metallic solids and use the
structure and bonding of metallic solids to explain their properties
Describe the structure and bonding of ionic solids and use the
structure and bonding of ionic solids to explain their properties
Describe the structure and bonding of covalent network solids and
use the structure and bonding of covalent network solids to explain
their properties
Define inter- and intra-molecular bonding and explain the difference
between them
Describe the structure and bonding of covalent molecular solids and
use the structure and bonding of covalent molecular solids to
explain their properties
Compare and contrast the properties of different types of solids
using their structure and bonding

Bonding

Define and recognise covalent bonding between atoms in molecules

Draw Lewis diagrams for a range of molecules containing covalent
bonds
Identify, draw and name the shapes of simple molecules from their
Lewis diagrams
Define the terms electronegativity, dipole, polar and nonpolar
covalent bonding
Describe electronegativity trends in the periodic table
Use electronegativity to identify polar bonding

Use bond polarity, bond dipoles and bonding and non-bonding

electron pairs to explain why molecules have different shapes and
bond angles
Use Lewis diagrams, bond dipoles, shapes and bonding and nonbonding pairs to identify polar and non-polar molecules
Use the polarity of molecules to predict their solubility in polar and
non-polar solvents

Energy Changes

Define endothermic and exothermic reactions and explain the

difference between them
Draw and label reaction profiles for endothermic and exothermic
reactions
Define H as enthalpy of products enthalpy of reactants
Explain the significance of the magnitude of H
Use H values to calculate energy changes in reactions
Explain changes in state using endothermic and exothermic
properties
Relate changes in state to energy released or absorbed and perform
calculations to determine the amount of energy involved in the
reaction
Use molar relationships in balanced chemical equations to calculate
heats of reactions for known masses of a variety of compounds
Use bond enthalpies to calculate heats of reactions