CHAPTER 3
Bil
@ ek zy
b> yes
@ ves
Bz.
> BEe_ (lose fo") s 280Z0'V
Bao
: a 20 L=28 A 4
230 ce" *
Bose las L2e a
fa) Gee fat) (ame). 200 (30 2 4
a Hceticoy/ Gye aes /aruiate
-34- ay
i eyes Be egy =
33 VOO voits, wy Oe zelt)
toofe,
&(s +
=“! ' a -1 ’
, ‘ 7 taa= Coles _ 3 de,
Wels Be Les Ly * et oe
Ba ou Ee
= : +
inal &, K Eye wae Av
BAeo: 240 a
@ bs = : Rese (2x0) = 2300V
= i a
& 5: ifs i. (): torre? Loni tent Leroy" 2 347-8 7-36.87"
zee Zo
Be Se pee gers Jacana
Ih Save 36-87
cs o82%ejeoaqy
@ 2s (5 2,2 loo@, = G6us Zde.87" 1
ie
Gy Px Ps BOOB) GAkw
Q 2 @, + Gh kan Bows’): ARkvaR 272 yO
a ah
°
=)
fo ae Eye 2s esucypeacey? an
1BO9S Las: eyo
S46 [-25084?
so [-ctlea) = so]-28-24° gua
Si HShw- dad Overs delivered te primary
37- ( Rys Bo
FoR MAXIMUM PoWER TRAMSERA To THE LOAD PRL aks
oe saa"
Stoo ok At Ga Nhe
©) ax veutace Division,
UL = BB ateak v
CO ens 2 5 Y
Pay = LOND an
Te88
Vp= (nm weld [2s Apiewk v
Bacmwk v
EM + Same v
Vag CEY =: ~2%, = —S owt v
-3e- (oy ae Nifty 2. Reee/seo 24
2 2
Reap 2 2 ONBSCST = Ay Hey e BAG SDA = 16
Bl = wy = are
TAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT REFERRED, TD PRIMARY (5 Bhoun BELow!
ec 1000 Lo". gos foastt"A
u 192+ 44 IG i
tooo wend ot, oN Ve C808 C46) 2 1154 (467 V
> A
= ence Aran oitete uate lan amrecpaaeveivice
a
CO Va = Mle = tove/4 = 250¥
Vorrace REcuaToN 2 % 8072495 2g sa og
Tre fe
Blo
RATED CURRENT MAGNITUDE on THE GE-KV SIDE IS Given ay
x 2 \Begee. = 2273 A
2 2 a
z = = loo;
T Rog, G27dd Reg, = loorte :
PO Reyg 2 IQ
2
eee Cesena are
eat LIS
Tens eye aaws-ORay Baran 4 Juans RANG =O
Sify, 2 66/ins e844
WIT WaNeveLInge Sime DESANATED ASL, Ano LeVSiEE AS 2,
2 on 2
Gvsxie® ) of Gyy = 6Sxt0! Bases on O-c TEST.
NOE: To TRANSFER SHUNT ADMITTANCE Fem HaV SIDE To L-v SiDE,
WE NEED Te MuLTIELYT BY OF.
Sxl
xe
eee ITE SS
Gus xw?)* tay a
ioeasete
wea? Garay
2 Petree tia tree
Bey = 18° Iona Guay
ag Kiel S
TeTAL Less UNDER RATED ComDinens 1S APPREXIMATELY THE
DUM oF ShoRT-Ciwwcuiy AND OfEN-cIRcUIT TEST Losses.
19,000
J. Bt ricer eae .
Prentiss lan etinet aia
yeeoys Cleo 4 G5) 4
-40- P= 2Sw
Periz OSTA ge
oe 4 24D
Neglectg The Series Lmagedance +
:
z= HR: . eM = = =) ayoJo°s awo0le? ~
bh, s {ate
Rez. (28 338) (S7)= 0.897 A
-5
6.= Rfet = 23 / Aud) = 3.098 x10%
Nee Gea) fey = 0-697/s4o0 = ayers xis 's
m= VE- 6 =fQsensuist)"~ (3.098 0158)*
Bm = 16460 x16 15
Yee Cer MBat BCE KIB J aytox 18 2 aeuengao [eg 1t6?s — Pr
Biden. Ty a i =;
ee Re cae aT io a)
“ ‘ ore [ a il aig Se ey
Lior 24D
Regy = BR] GF Se] (acs*) = 4
Zen, = Miz, = 60 [@eo.)s 2-88 R
Keay = V Bei - Rig, = GREY (ay = 2.306
Togs = Regy + Axegy? LNRM SUSE = 2.8es [SOE
(a HE, Regijz meg fd Xegifa
OQ WeISBR
Regi [2
Gee BATHLIBS
Aba e i 1etgoxid ts
Equivalext T cireoit rejerred to High Voltare Side
5,
" *, < ee a
a saete (B Biewn CH oe
Jane 2ao
USING VOLTAGE DiviBton ¢
> deec0 Zev
2 (2a00 fe) Sa = BEIGE
By @ > 4(Goo04)
Nee Eat @) Ex zsavae lev
~42- = at
wth Te
(ros.3 [3687 = 20283 [238A
Nis 10 (ayo seh) = aweJe?
Ni
Vis Eye (Reg tikes),
x
ayoo)? + (1 +dars) (ro-gs J-S407° )
= 140d + 56,075 /312327°
= ADA + 294.1 eb
nye. [0268 Vv
al
= E+ (Ramet Krom Regit Xegs) Ey
DHE Joe & (2-0 +) 4.8) (20-83 Leb 2)
= Woot 102.57 (27.168? Lo36:87
= 2487-6 +) S0.00 =
ado, LieIsos? ow
SSeS
(\ 3.2 Bre = (2490 L1:1808°)(x0. a
= SISTS,/38.02 = 4O.87 x 10° +d a1A8KI0”
Ps
> RelEe) = 10.87 Ow i
Qs = Ln (Sejz 3109S Avars | senting ent of peeler,
AS- SAS
@ 20.¢3 |?
ayoo Jo? + (V+ 423) (20,83 Lo")
yoo + 64,078 [68114 = 420.8 iSa-08
2 ryr{Lerd2 ay
2 roe Lb + (204548) (20-88 io")
= Yoo + 102659 [66.0% 2 a4 +iaRTy
2443. Lael? vy
= XQEF = (outs Last) (x0. 83/E) = So 076. [40197
= $0,867, #41983.
Py t so.a7 Owe | detverea
Qs = e452 vars
(ce) E,= 208s Lze8? A
R= whoo jo? + (1+d2-8) (20-85 1See87")
= thom + $6,098 L1DS:07° =
uzee [12321 v
Vez 2Hee foe + (2.0444.8) (20683 L3e-t7? )
ahoot 10x87 Houde =
BSE7F. LRetOV? -~v
RES = Qs, [2.040% 2\ (re.es a3. 7°)
= 44sco6,lesueuee = ogee > iigo4,
R= toe iw delwered
QF ~HS-og Mvars delivered = +2804 Avars
: hy a Abvsorhet by
perce
Peeder Source
VEES.Y Hisyny
azn.) +4 100.0
Note; Real and reachwe lectes, oO. 87 MW anol
WAS Avars , absorbent by tre feeder aay
transformer, gre tee cane in all cases.
Hiqhest eepelencn oeesrs for out PF
(errs Pour( Pe Klos Bejso.en)Kiom = 1% 27 Fo
wAds BANG
wo a: Bac f2ao ao
1 ze, 2 (2a00y eae
R= @R 2gee) eoo7S 8 O75
Xie ax, x (oy oor 2 ve w
REFERRED To THE WV-S1DE , THE EnciTinG BRANCH GensUcrAWEE AND
SUSCEPTANCE ARE GWEN BY
G[a®) o.cea (fico) e008 2 o-03x1d* 8
Auv Qfar) 9% 2 Gad oer +s o2n®s
TE EQUWALENT CiReurT REFERRED To THE BIGH-VOLTAGE SIDE 1S SHoun
aeLows
OSM As Si Ri sewsa dxgsdin
ASB engonnd es
See TE /Cd bm
2ao0: 240
IDEAL TRAD RORNER
Gan oe omerreD)
b>
'
Ry = Rifot «eco a
*L = fas cern
THE EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT REFERRED TO THE Low-VOLTAGE SIDE 1S Suewe Bete
1001SA Jx(cdorotn ys O07SA Dx,= 4 B-o1n,
2aoo: 2a0
DEAL TRAacoRMeR
(GaN BE OMMTTEDD
-45- Bz
(Oy NEGLECTING Twe ExcitHNG CURRENT OF THE TRANSTERMER, THe EquIvaLEuT
qimeat of THLTRANSFORRER, REFEREED Te Tat WIGH-VOLTAGE CfemaeyD BIDE
tS SrowN BE LOM.
Ey208 /-26-0°s
Reg eh SR Axed 2h
2400Lo*
THE RATED (FULL) LoAD CURRENT, REF To HY. SIDE, 1S GIVEN OY
(Sox te? ) [race + 208A
Wma Lagaing Fouts pre REF ee, FE, = 26.8 (coeds 20-8 [369s
vena KVL, U2 2400 fo" (210-8/= 36-4") (US442> 2 2450 L038 Vv
(by TRE CoRRESPonDING PRATER DIAGRAM 1G Sten Beton:
ye 2480 feat y
(i Exegis ancy
Using KVL, Ve 2acole’ + (20-4 /-me%) (2544) = 2aanglere’y
PE av me stnome cup 18 cos (36.474 0:9) 20.79 LAgaIg 7 3
55.6806 py U8. 6206xID pu
oe
7
iseoes po Vpy
Stacey = SolvA Stay,® SokVH
Veager = 00 Veaer> 210-w
Esaser = Qrocf sonic Rpe jeg CHO) Psoxies
HS.r FI IS 2ow
veg volteye divisions
a ee a 52085 = 0.9798 Ba :
Mires (vole ) I (e2083+8-600 4x15%) ler
¥, Steve o Fa oO
Vi = Vigo Viewer = (0.9998 Jef) (aye) = 230-4818 V
Bot gosxio re erstsee — Fapy = ted (seer 7>
Baa 7
BEI KIO: a :
Re ae [] Ve, 2 1-0 22
Vape ae hw
Bone} i Rone
tenes cove | veayae OY
Meas = HOO Ww
a
Fhaser = (2100) /soxict
= Saw
@ Mt vole + (.6803x1634 3 aertonnd®) (1-0 234-67" }
: °
= ho + O-OL3BIZ LBZ" = 1.019974 4 0.01187
= 1,020 LO.683? py
Mipp Veose™ (Wore Le-t62°) (24 08) = 2498./ 006632
-4T- BAG con.
(bY Vepy= bole + Crmser xi +d 4.1068 x16") (1 od=seeef]
= WO+ On C1274 7 £25168"
= LOSTER 4 10-02083I = 1-037 S Litso8?
Ve
‘spo “eases ® (I 01S [1-1805°) (2400) = nfo. uses
(CL Bepu* 8 Oepe Meru Espo = (. DES / |-1828 eV. © L382 )
= 1087S {3@.02° = O.¢118+J 0.6310
fer ua
Bo = (0.81718)(so) = 40.87 a ee
Qs = (CO.6370)(S2) = 31.18 Qvars
$0 doomsapy Jo.itopy 10-10 py ce
= + Zreatpy =
ee VeSGI+ 1 O.80rS,
OAs [er Po
Zone l :
1
24
Moeser™ 282) bo i
=130V |
1
i Teaser = RE: MRA
Broadus SAtion - 13g) 4 Fo,aos
1 oGes hd
Xt poe 0-10 pv
Kumery = qegg = C2181 Pe
u
xovpu= (b-r0)( 482) (35
+ 0.07189 PU ees > 2
Bz dems. Vepy = wo
= O.tS 65 PO
Ls0
Fopo
Foad py = P
iCempot Spaph Mune) + Zreatpe
2+ 7156s Lee
J (01284 F184 DF ot) F (LBS O28)
= 0.4565 10%
wedi tJ o-Gett
©-9588 12°
1-S1Y {26-010
06316 Lorber? py
Broa? Exscayy Eecses = (o-esie f-mee") (193.4)
= 10908 /-26-019 A
Taro Dupe = Ong [ES° pv
Frey = ant | 40° pu
a
Rase= Gol. 3g ee
leoxios oe baat as
= ge
apy * = = = o,ung 185° pe
Fyep = tone
= 219g / 0° pu
Be
Zag MENS puto’ = ong [ose” po
CoeNe Le3e
~ade B24 eee eeoeeyest aeg
ae apo ewe = ©. [-30'
ALpot Berg %
O- Unk 188° + LTE YO”
= 30°
Zapp = OER 0-8 | ~t0°
j LE
AISA +) 1,062, 21807 Lag ete®
Tap = Onnegy [-309" py
——
Bee Fay Tune? (©-ree4 mn?) (223)
Ee = 25.83 /- 7270 4
Bordo
1S.34G
2 MASS + 40-6522 2061/5
4s-525
AS=928 2 OATS J 0.543 = Ve 20.08" PU
Bid. BAG
Ola yee
Zeveo || Zavev |
2
(C854) 062) 4 @TTISNJO SA
= V2T4 arta’ po
Zoey Suave = e274 fata’) (18-05) = 22.98 Ji21a” A
“Boe SELECT A Common BASE of loo MVA AND 22ky Cnet aaky
PRINRED WIRMOLT
ON THE GENERATER SIDE, ws mates)
BASE VeLtAGE AT Bus 4 is azkvy THIS Fees THE VoLTAGE BASES
FoR THE REMAINING BUSES In ACCORDANCE WITH THE TRANSFORMER TURWS RATIOS,
USING UG. BRA, CER UNIT RERCTANELS on HE SELECTED BABE ARE Given BY
Gi meena CB )ji er
My s ee e0GC BS
ty Kronen CUEJrONe 5 Ths KeS CE
Mixa ots CBRL YC
a
For bint 1 | Benge aed = ABER AND KE
Je one 5 Te Ks cee CR
2
45) =:
AE) pens
38h
FoR LINE, Zoggs We trim Awe x2 SAP cone
eo ‘
TWe LOAD coments oueR ar ac Lagging PF 1S 3, 0.4.5 59 (sai wa
= 2 2
So THE LOAD imPEDANCE wHooKMS 18 By = Qe4s) Vi
see seat
Si sae ~ Re
honed
5 MAAS aj USszeT
2.
TWe BASE IMPEDANCE GR THE LOAD 18 GUY /leo = Lar
vf. ROAD iMeEDANcE iw Pus NIS8S +5 V53267
2 ots 44 tect
wa
TE CRR-vMIT LauwaLane ciseuy 15 SHAWN BELOW:
PER-unT WATEDANCE DIAGRAM
-Si- TWE PER.UNUT VOLTAGE AT BUS 4, TAKEN AS REFERENCE,
cay
Sys SUSE Lot a 0.08 Lot
AT 0.8 LEADING PF, THE RotHR APPARENT FoNER Se CES /-36.87°
x .
ences (3687
S-5 LS
56 & jean
Ga. 235.
Ms bet soneaje-a8
Curntnr Dean OX THE HOR US Ee
a oasagvaedT
=
wy
CURRENT DRAWN OF THe LAD 1s TL
TOTAL CURRENT DRAWN FROM BUSA Is Ta # Eps o.a2—jo06
EQUIVALENT REACTANCE OF THE TWo LINES tn PARALLEL 18
SABRON og
Keg =
oa rrr
GENERATOR TERMWIAL VeLTRAE Is THEN Vs 095 Lor Jo-3 (0-42-3006)
G = erncnegeanes vo Lipar’ pus 22 Ligar ky
G) THE GeneRATOR INTERNAL EMF Ls Given @Y
Bg = Wt Fy Es once rjoare saea(onae
vesag Jase eu: 23-82 fz. ky
6)
THE MeToR TERMINAL EME 1S Given BY
en Fuge OAS a GO = 40-28 Corse +eand
t+ Var
2 wees forse’ pus wnt /-7.56" ky
~Sa- x Soom
x Xz
veetae wee es
Base "ee ta pase Cawend YY ome
tareky \SWVA take \ Gale
teen | shew TTA
: WRBABE INFEDANCE
cee ASR eineunt Z
ts Be
2] iat
Tex
PER-Umt IMPEDANCE OF LEAD Iw EUREUITH - Bee, 4.515
aa
AME IMtE DANCE BIA GRAM IW PUTS SHOWN BELoH:
jon jooe
\.s15
BNSC \MCEDANCE On THE LoWAVELTAGE, BBIKY= SBE 15
.
Gan 2 onevan
4e
Here: THE RATIWe OF THE TRAVSRRMER AS A B-PHASE BAOk
1s Bxp02AemvaA, SB(se1): Ba = ee 28s lev
Ww A BASE OF GEKV ON Tee H-V SIDG, BASE ou Lv sings B-8Iky
So, om by sp@ RE = Ls G2be
ores ae a
jetawee REFERRED T HVS = 1 CSE= 300
ResistANcE REFERRED oy
PER-UNIT VALUE ShoULD OE THE SARE AS GZ pL.
2.
Cure: BASE IReDance ow BV. Sipe COL Agar
So
Aue 22 6.2 pu
ABA
-“5S+ B27
TRANSFORMER REACTANCE ON 11S ON BASE 15
en
~ 2 ONOB pe
GI/ 500
On THE CHOSEN BASE, REACTANCE BECOMES
a
ones ( 220 too
2019 buy
Ta0/ Bee
S28
ha. 33 oF ME TERT APPLIES.
2 .
oe (Ease Cs 2 j2pu
Baee
x jon (tees (e)= Sey
ee
To. Bs fon (22)(3) = jo28 pm
The Bx jou w2. (182) + Jort86 pu
6
TRAM S MISSION-LIVE ZonE, BASE \MPEDANCE
2
Acooy
eRe
For ms
Se Zauyue = Gorgroed eerie O84. jo 2A) pr
ners Gea 3 ‘)
Ms kvas ZB seas; ahve A. 2 0 833 pu
10 AB
1s Shown Beton:
THe
IMEEDANCE DIAGRAM FoR THE Stsrem
esq Jearr joe
ae
@® ¢ joas
A eva enspe
Go Be reaps
-84- ay Ble Vana GLY = G Now (zal@t}+
3:39
FoR A BEGATWE SFQuENCE
wueae
Co ee eee eg eee eee
wy Nore: TAKING THE commer o
TRAN SFoRMS A fosrlive SEQuENCce SET Iw A NEGATIVE
Sequence ser
Hangs este
ay J sea, Ser
ao Ey = EF paws wecatwe Sequence ser
cD Conpeex power Gas ECA
gin By Slax, = Veo /é =
Be ea
By wuraceala\,
-55- mor
xet
el = =
Ha ae i tN
ABE HBr
oe
MAL
et
oS
ave Seguena?
foster Drage
wut
Fer positwe sequence, Vu leads Wa, bg
AP, and Vy, lage Vey by 0%
For negate fepoence, Vy, lags Vi by 6%
and Vy, leads Vy by
~86- 3-32 conta,
©
al
we!
BA 61 ue \ ne
“él L a HAL
for
xb xen
a
’ wai
sy hel MB st__ ma
“1
= .
“ Sx
\
mal
For pestwe sequence Vai leads Ver by T0%
and Var is in phase tatty Viqp e For negatwe
sequence Var fags Vix by 20° and Vig iss
fase With Ving © Note thet GQ An tiq/tag transformer
Con te used to obtuin the aclvantages of A Bo
ctranspormer without phase shipt.
rc)
wy HA HB He
Het
HBr
porte sequence, Vay lags Fay by 4% HAL
For negative sequence , Via leads Var by 2e4e.
~57- Standen?
a
c Sia Co")
7 74
{ peace eel)
a ee oc a (8)
©
cl)
ys LX
Le) a")
&
pees
A Aperinay 334
(or
Jer vast
poste
‘sequence
o)
Per vat
Positive
Seqvence
Fy Sena pe Bu
+
Vue
54 (4) Three-phase ratings 2.1 AVA mee av fratva
Simqle- phase rategs ls oy nya lee
3
We
BS = DAW
Oey
@) three-pase rating? ar nvA 138% Afas Ov
Smmgle-prase meting ¢ O61 vA s6€ [38 = raegfin dv
©) Three -prace takmngt ae) HVA Iew av Y fas avy
Single -Phese resting? De VA Wet | 1-83 WY
(A) “Three- phase patings el MVA Ieee AY A /ashva
Simple — phase mating® Os7 HVA The faz av
A
336
Gq
ae Bg
Sena meus Vo Ate Rone:
NO VRS Reactive
OPEN A “TRANSFDANER
(Q Ve ant Vag remain me some arter one,
Single ~phase transpormer (6 Teoved.s Therefore,
Tat - ict Ven) Temans the came.
he lead voltages are then balanced,
Positve-Segue te, Selecting Van ac reverence:
fon 328 prs DaeT [O° Or Hs 7 67 /= Py
a
-60- B36 Vans 7767 [+e Gv
“SOND,
ne =. $ i ie . & Be
Qo Fas Sse for = BB x Le jo La
VEVin NE (13.808 )
Dt tekra J-20" an Bes lekl2 ene? Qa
©) Wye Meek Lense = re Leh
Transformer bo delwers $= UL Ee
Bue (13-8 a0" (er lew) = as. ce va
Bee (avestdia.syxict
Trangpormer ac delivers
where W.e- Ve
Sac = (13.8 f-w\(n eine?) = as. f-8? pve
See = (2165-41265. xio®
Sac* Vacte
136 /rapezoP = 12-8 1230 be
is not over loadedl,
The ofan A +trancpormer
delivers 1245 Hvars
hote thet transformer be
And “ransenrmer Ge absorbs 14S nvars.
The fal reactive power Aelivered by the
oper-& transformer to the reactive load
tt therefore tet,
~Gi- 337
Noting THAT SH Coad = Go, Me RATING OF THE Zo punsE
TRANSFORMER BANK Is TEMVA, GoY/ aad kV.
BASE IMPEDANCE HATE Lau-vouTAcE aime is GAY Og agg un
18
om ME Low-veerace sing, RL 2S. gk ou
anes ie
DASE IMPEDANCE oN Hichs VontAGS Sipe is seer 2 5etn
THE REDISTANCE REF To We siDE 1s 6 ($6. Y's ison
Bat
‘
on Rye WO. aneu
sat
338
(a
THE SINGLE- LINE DIAGRAM AND THE PER-THASE ERUIVALENT CiRCUIT ,
WT ALU PARAMETERS IN PER UNIT, ARE GIVEN Beto:
>
Sunent sueriies to we Loan ie 249%! . Gongs
SB 230
BASE cuneent AT THE LeAD 1S 100,000/( [Bx ase) 2 251024
THE PomeR-FacteR ANGLE OF THE LoAD CURRENT IS 92 Gn''o4x 25.80 LaG,
wait Up ato def AS REFERENCE , THE LIME CURREWTS DRAUN BY ME LOAD ARE
LT, . 62:48
“Faron
[-2ea8 = 24 fossa tenure
-62~ 3.38 contD,
Ege 2:4 (nasagand 2 2.4 [1458-28 venue
Tes aa fmapadervd 2 24 (416° Perumr
e)
Low-VoLTAGE Sipe CURRENTS FURTHER LAG BY Bo” Because oF PHASE Suit
an za {o58ae 5 FLo2a (sae , TQ: 2 lean
s
THE TRANSFIRMER REACTANCE MODIF/ED Fe THE CueseW BASE 13
Xs an» Cuore) 2, re
TIME TERMINAL VONTAGE of HE GENERATOR IS THEN GiveH BY
Nee Vn Lead ind,
= v0 Cede 4 4 Cilae) Qf 88-34)
= O22 nh o-4551 = Loma (= 26-02" eu
TERMWWAL VOLTAGE OF THE GENERATOR 15 23x OST 2 23.86 ky
TUE REOL POUER SUPPLIED BC THE GENERATOR 15
Re Lu FS] 2 vost «24 en (26-02 455-84 aac PE
WWIEM CORRESPONDS TS BIG MW) ABSERBED BY THELOAD | Since THERE
ARs No I?R Losses.
CAD St omrtisg ME PRASE StiFT oF ME TRANSFORMER, Avrocemer,
Recarevanna Vy tam me reactance 41) on me
WIGM-VOLTAGE SIRE , THE STUDENT WiLL FIND THE Same VALUE
FoR VE ae (Ul.
~G5- 3:39
40.09 pe
fe
LS
Bao
X renew? (2008) ( BEY $82)= 0.02755 tes.
‘oa
Jo.o278¢
@©
3-4 S.o1333 Se ore Sonn ©
aral feor 4.01823
Seong eel
ny
Ey ¥
Tee
Per Unit Poutive Seprene Reartance Dita men
See ® 100 HVA
View y = Bookv in trancmiauien line zed.
Vossen = 20 Ov tv reotor [generator Bue s.
~Gh- oie Ms x = (ona) ( 22/2 7 re
SA Mat eg AL EY (BR) = cree re ese
Xms = (6.2) (ee 2) = OsOVSTE per vvit
©
Xpye Xai t Xwy t Xay = (Ot0)( 0.01333
(38)
= (o-10)( 2) = 0.006666 per onit
cs
tue? EO. aso rn
vee
Kune eo = 6/2806 = 9,016 pervart
Xie 28 = 28 /aSG0 = 0.01 ferone
eee
BA2 Vas id OP = O64 LO? per var
Fy = _jroo z) = 48.1) 126087? Day
(V3 } (18)(O28)
ey = loo,
base x = = 1ekS TRA
Vi @o)
Fy e N&M13e-87° 2
tape Sp OF ebm [Bb 8RP per onee
Bes Mat Varut Faye Claeys) t = it, tree! 1X3.)
O64 [04 teebn Laer? (S)(sooecce+ “on
#20038
a
Sod + 0.30555] 126. 87°
= 0.767 +5 062444 = 0o6157. Lig. 83° po
”
(2-182) (2o)= sh aw
~65 - i
Spare ag BOMNA |
Veena 266-403 2USky |
Eu zi = cE
SE aaa /290 Po
>) Tyan = 30 s o-1806kA 5 V. 128822168
bane w TPR TT OCRA 5 Vinwen Be2.esky
Lienex Be.
32, wo BA
Rese
Ty = (8d38d Colsogy s Lass ka
Ty = (9-3030 CoB y= 6.66GKA
Ch Ayame * ONSOT KA 5 Ve tasky
Rese = Laseka
ere TS
Ty + (B-233) ois06 = tzss kA
iy t
2 CQBBBY 1386
= \Ww5ska
=66- w= OePLNSLO® per vat
+
Nay * 1.0167 Par vact
0.008 + Joe10
Yuen = US Ow
Stase® HOMVA
Veasex = Mea Qv
fed %g, = {v2} e = WBZ: per Lath
(er = } ise Ey
Voto Ey
, eos Z y
lv 2° (eam & = Oe4oig do? La
x trea i i:
Lasen ie = 066522 Qa
Ey Sore poh = oonansle? yer oat
2 SSL
Vg = 10 J? + (0.00845 0-10) (o-7 2931)
= t60036 © 3 0.07273 = 1.0063 LEME? ger wert
vu = (10063) (13.2) = reas bv
tole + Core ef baz) Co127S Zo") = vaaen f311eeu
a.arky
same le)
[sass gos /4 145 MVA
By
Eg 2 eae Cis25 2
0, 46x = Vain = Gooss Zanes’) O
conrerafaouas' gy @7218C 8)
Mut 4g S848 MVAR
= 80.2%
OrAAT LAGGING
PE Gon C4148") =
~67" SAS
TWREE-PMASE RATING OF TRANAFRMEE T, IS Suloe © BGOMVA
ANOS Unt-To-Line wetmece Rane 16 (ECardi ree of g2otiaaky,
EhOoBING A Common BASE OF BOOMVA POR THE SYSTEM, AND SELECTING A
Base of 2okY w THE GeneRareR arAcurt,
WE VOLTAGE BASE In HE TRANSMISSION LINE Is atoky
AWD THE VOLTAGE BASE In THE Mores CReuT 18 230 (tz faachetaBky
TRANSFORMER REACTANCES ConVERTED zo TE PROPER DASE ARE Give BY
Wi Xeon 302 paccast 5 Tes ot Js cous
Ecc e
2
BASE ImPEDAWCE FoR ME TRANSHIESION Lise 15 (280) /Beo = 116.3.
THE REACTANCE of TWE Line Iw PER UMrT (Ss THEW OLEXSA . o.18 15
ree
. 2.
REACTANCE Xj, OF MTR. My one ( a3 e214
Raneranee 3 OF MTR ML oun (Bee) (mun) s 0 544
ee
NEGLECTING TRAMSFeRMER PHASE SHIPS, THE Positive -SEQvENce
REACTANCE DIAGRAM Is SHeuH iat FIGURE BELEK
doogssy g doves, dooms
~68- 3:46
TWE MoTRT ToREtHER DRAW Teo MW, oe 82
Yes og Pe
With PHASE-Q VOLTAGE AY THE Mero TERMINALS AS REFERENCE ,
Ye 2 2 eases Lov te
6
cases 4S
= 06273 /9" eu
REFERRING To THE REACTANCE DIAGRAM Ik THE SaLuTION of PR. B-5S,
PHASE PER-UMT VOLTAGES AT oTHER PolMtS OF THE SYSTEM ARE
atm: Va 88684 06273 (joes): o-asee (3-aBa’ tu
ath. Fe 0-4B65 + 016273C do-oais + Joes) 20-417 fensa? ru
Aa6/ 1.207
on
AT ker Ya 0-986540-6295(jo-ot5 + fangis44fo.0asT)=
TWE VOLTAGE REGULATION oF THE LIME IS TeEW
20-9826 — oO ASBR
o-aS 8
= 00285
THE Macirups oF THE VOLTAGE AT THE GeNe@areR TERMIWALS 1S
29826 %20 s a-65rky
Nove TMAT [HE TRANSFORMER PHASE SHIFTS HAVE BEEN NEGLECTED HERE,
-6q- “(Ad FoR Positive SEQUENCE OPERATION AND STANDARD A-Y Connsenu,
THE TER- PHASE DAGKAN IS SHOWN BELOW:
: \s tos
Gewenaren | TRANS FoRHER [Bes
Go = 232 sot ky , chorswe mat As A REFERENCE.
als! =
6
Bl. loonte' . :
Siz CON fowts.g 2 4061/3687 MA
\We.27 £8298 ma <—
uase suas
(THE SeconpamY PHASE LEADS Ts PRIMARY By 19.48"5 myeparnoes
To Lwe-- WRUTRAL (Punse) AE HELLAS Lingero- Ling VoUTAGES
-70- (Od FoR tesitwe SEQUENCE OPERAMeN AND STANDARD Any & Y-O
Gounmenous, ME PER-PARSE DIAGRAM 1s DRAWN BELOW?
5, Joona F bto0.n. jo.08.n.
aes le th 34-88.
Beye sf peri
+ a oe
fe 220 iad, a
E Mw 2
s [ ei * \st
« : vege LST i ray |
Geacenne | roamseanee sy frmguse | TRAMSRRMERT, | Loam
A CSTER-URD ue} CSTEP-Dewe)
(> VY: aoe,
Choosing THAT AS & REFERENCE
Zaye Boo 4doe8=Ge {toa 0
at jie +Qo BY & = (Soe ej azar
z,:[z [oat |+joots Sajvanaa = saz Leer
rE Gf 8, = secos/Garlieest) z esan Accs”
GEMERATER CURRENT MAQMITUDE
Eee 2 8g. ase (337A
wi
TRAws issn Ee CORREMT MACHU TOD:
i
2 Ty 2 6ST A
= AS8 ha
eae © i
et wie oo gs tasa.s Leteco’a
Lead CuRRent paannre = IGSAA
y= ioe Tx > (54819 C (e503 (2648)
2 8462-4 [25:32
Mac minvoe,
Liwe-m-Line VoLTAGEZAT LOAD TERMMALS= 14-66KV a~
THREG PHASE COMPLEX POWER DELIVERED To THE LoADIS
oe _
Sag = 324,534,
= 3 @acna
eas Ts
n8-32 )(lesaa (416-63")
2 Arias (3 MyA wee
“7 B49 BASE KY i TRAWSMISSion -LIME CLReUIT = Va2\ky
BAsEWY In ME Geweaame G, Ciecurt o5éky
ies
Base ky In mie Gamewatme G, crete 192% SB. reaky
e2g7 jiate
Ves
Jonas Jordana
j jonacte 5 Siana
joss
IMPEDANCE DInGeAM oF THE S¥StER lim PU VALUES
ON THE Common BASE OF loo MVA FR ME ERMRE S¥sreM,
Zz dotsy te ae (Se j = jo-Ac82 bu
a 2
sgonsx 8 of BN 2 dine pa
jones 3 (Cs) «deme
: 2
Trt Bs Gorn Sy (BEV: joinssys
oe eos
Tei Bejorx soo ox (23 = Jo: Dae hu,
wed
BASE IMPEDANCE In TRANSHISSt ON-LINE CIRCUIT IS,
QR na nat
Ted
z = BOSCO. gaze ag bate be
Tete aEea ¥
2 a 25a3O 2 oes ofo.S739 bu
Tawee 2 aes, 4 Ee
Lew: SoCeesge) 2 Go+d 30) Wa
3 1s
R 2 G50) 35625 2 38h ma BAB bY
boas = “Zo Hata ® ¥
» CBO Las0n 2 780 yas Aston
tobe 2 way ye
2
rors® Crore Scone)
The B50
Per Lait postwe (or negative) Sequewe weoork
CPhese Shipt Mot chen)
Po Presary
S— Secondary
to tectiany
“43~ (Ql xy = OeOR fer omit
BD Xyy = Onto per emit
Xa = 0.09 (32\= Oeld pee vat
T
KX, $(0.0% +010 - O01) = 0.03 eee cae
Kit + (0-08 +0-12~ Orie) = S705 per unit
Kg EO Core eos) O-O7 per vant
‘ Ix) x fu
R= 1-667
Usiag Pgges 3Nty
R
s [ost
1
= 2)? = fae
Bese = Ga = BNR Uy aay. Oo2b45 &
2
Rye ee
»
= 1.065
16667 per Repo Oe Leys
: 14,5" =
Rare = aa ce
= Yo pet velit
“I4.- NOTE PRINTING ERROR 5 FIG.3.30 SMOULD BE REPLACED BY
Fla. 3-Bl.
Co
otto Segvence
X\= Xa = Xy=-h (Or +001 = On1)
= O20 per vxit
&)
sia!
(e" 1)
Per Unit Positie Segusuce
© Jo.
eee,
feel
(ere ay)
Per Unit Posie Segv ence
IS - WIM A BABE OF ISTVA AnD Gaky WW TE PRIRARY ciRewie,
THE BASE FoR BkeouDAEL cinco Is ISIVA AUD \BeZkV, Aue
TWE BASE FoR TERTIARY crecuit IS IS MVA Awa 2-akv,
Nore MAT Kye Aue Koy NEED NIT GE GuauceD .
Xgq 1S MODIELED To THE NEM BASE AS FeLtowey
st
Rar 2 reba 2 Bote
Wim THE BASES SPECIFIED , THE PER-UNIT REACTANCES OF THE
PER PHASE EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT ARE GIVEN BH
Xp r & Cheer sgerea jose) = goo
Xs 4d
Xp =A Choved agone = geetd= dood
yt joa joa): Joes
Te Consrawt VOLTAGE SouRce Is REPRESENTED BY A GENERATOR HAVING No
WTAEWAL IMPEDANCE. ON A BASE OF SMYA, 2-BKV in THE TERTIARY,
THE RESISTANCE OF THE LOAD 1S 10 PU. EXPRESSED OW A ISMVA, 2-3kV
is
Base, me load Resisrance 18 Rx vax IS = ao pu
GN ABasE of ISMVA 1a.2ky , THE REACTANCE OF THE Moree IS.
TRE IMPEDAKCE DIAGRAM IS Given BELOW!
NOTE THAT THE PHASE SwET Thar occuRs,
Between mE Y= Conpeereo PRimaRy
up THE A-coumscren TeaTiony B85 @ :
Exe 6B.75A
() a= G@xoo) (61S) = 165. Rua
Sy t @éto)(éa-8) = 16s, Avas Sx
ISQVA is transqormed by mragnetic mdoetions
(So. hve is tremagoreet electtrealig
Cl At rata vettaye t Core lowes = 105 W
RE Full leak corrent 2 Winding lotseg = S30 W
Tot lessees 5 163+ 3%o = YEE W = On43S Bow
Pour = Gbroj(62-8)(o.8) = '3a- aw
Dat Boor + Posec 2 (Baedss Cw
Plo eee LeLeuey = Gs Xloo = (ABE \ciws = 19067 %
Pu NZ 2643E Rascereeeracess
Het
13264 A
HO wt A
le) As a normal, simgie—phate, too windtina ~transporner,
rated 2 3 AWA, 220 fno vy
Zesetoa= Gre) /zeco = 16-1332
Xeg7 Onto gar pat,
-T7- (ed
As a smgle~ phase avtetransgormer rates:
Bso(1vex) = 4 SO QrA ‘i R3efnie vi,
Forcetines = Gso)"/4so0 5 AHer
eq = (010) ( ee On06667 per cart
i -_ o
1 0.06667 = orssesi BLT? per
| % = Lolo inti
q
Stas ag = 13-5iva ! ease = UY
3
= all = I3-3%ID7 _ y
Maney = TS : F bese TERE = vo-eea
Loree = (3:3 410
44.5 VE
= ease A
oe tooo Laces = 34.36 [53687° A
(ew) (.2)
Hy = SRS pew = O.ssssf-36e87° per oat
"=k
Zy = Dye = O,SSSS fer var
=ye (6-S8Ss) (Ie-256] = Teo3Rl A
Vat SxcgEx = 1018 + (30. 04667) (5555,
Va = VO + Os08704 | S82° = Lorarsioome
Fu = loare [teee? fer Unie
orr.6)\(4975) = 490.3 V
~1e- RATED CURRENTS OF TE Twe-UINDING TRANSFORMER ARE
te O%
Os BOA
Vee
Zy+ S828 2 280K ano
246
TMG AUTOTRANSFRENER Comusetion IS Shou BELOW
Yason
3,2 500A
taaoy
(oy WE AUTOTRANSHeRMEE StconDARY CURRENT 18 TL = BOoA
WTR WINDINGS COBRYING RATED CUReENTS, THE AUTOTEANSEORHEE
= 3e0kva
RATING 1S (1208) CBee} us"
Ch? OPERATED AS A TwentsINDIng TRAMBFORMER AT FULL-LOAD, 0/8 PF
6oxek
OAS
ESfeeteney Ve -
Cove Bt Prise
2 480-096) oy,
Brom water mE TorAL TRANSKoRMER Loss PL...
o 46
TWE TOTAL AUTOTRANSFORMER LoSS 18 SANE AS THE Two WINDING
TRANSFORMER, SINCE THE WINDINGS ARE SUBTECTED 1 THE SAME
RATED VOLTAGES AND CURRENTS AS TE Twe- WinDING TRANS FORMER,
Seo noB
see Ge ere eet te anes
Aste Te, Ceeone.B a2
1% We tokv 5 Mt R64 Be = 200 ky
X,, 2 25 4750 218758
Coy watur kVA is catectaren AS Box 1875 = IBocookva
wien 18 Same aS
ovreuy kvA = 200%780 = 180,000
Parmissiere va RANNG OF THE AUTOTRANSFORMEE 15 159.000,
THE KVA TRANSFEREED BY THE MAGKETIC IDUEHION IS SAME as
THE RATING OF THE THo- WINDING TRANSFORMER, LMIch IS
Fo,000kva.
-80- | b
Jone 2 Gu
v
cst
Eybas =(ro1et\( 01387
Proad #4 Goat *
018° 0.866 + 1e.SO
Per uate
(a) No yequlating transformer » %
Lo
Auvisiss g
Using current
E23 (Xe) Dumg = 228.01: $) = osesh/-30"
Fut GRRL) Puna (Soe ]toeae) ot
Pi tig, = VEE = O-sssGdeso"= Oust iors Est
at 1a! (Proes + SQ. oat)- CetdQu) = (o-866r10.8)— Cuan tlormre)
= O-St44+ lori per vat
en
tb) Voiteqe magartude requlatiig transformer, C= O-1S2Y
Using the admittance parameters from Exangle Yet @)
= [2% Jif % RI] S|. [Ato ise | v
= hole ~Evcod} LY Ya JY!) [Seti ~ieeae] | Low’
Solving “the second equation above for vv
~bolre = Gs.se)y aU rere) (ote®)
We Ebrelge—teodse” i scotinas . joys Jena per
——Syetio Tea oar
rol! Leu’ ~ 10/08 opoxeit ion ets. ozans/-agt
To.ue Tone
Prous cutis douse he
Patios +1 O00 QeSN4S + lossiag
2+ 1 = (Proatt! @.ead) “CPiti@uje eS 14s ESS 3-54. conta.
“The vettaqe ymaqnitude pequlatiug -traaspormer
increases “the Teactive power delivered by line
ish 49 To (From Osta to oes ITE) Wit a
relatively small change im the real power
debvered by hae Lae
(©) Phase angle regulating trantpormer , C= 1.0 [-3”
eds Yar = “On0as+ iett4s ant Yas -l4o per
DALE prom Example 4.14 (6) &
0 30
I 44S
= Teksgo+ ISO aste fase 8 1,060 [3087 PEL
Kor2oVS +FTTIS garry Ae33e te
Vi _ 12060 [R14 — 1.010 OSE +10. 0117
Eu = =
Tra Tost nt FOeLo
Oo4eoo/- 38-82% per oat
Patd@ys VIER = osysob/+se.ey= 63586 + oerego
Paras (Prone *1@.s0a)—(Per $n) 068074 +i orto
Evoed Gao} Ct-010")
OAs
y 2 Yad
The phase-augle requlatiig “transformer fncreates
the real power delivered by Ime be
BiG Go (From OHBEYF to OF EOT4) oth a
relatively Small Change im the reactive power
delwered by fee La-
-B2- Problem 3.60
‘A phase shift angle of 0° minimizes the system losses.
tReet
Problem 3.61
An LTC tap setting of 1.0 minimizes the real power losses to 13.489MW.
Problem 3.61
285- B62.
Gsimg (3-851) and 3-8-2)
faites i
Og F a tO ORBLE bs 128. 4,
oss (et) HBS = ono
Gs QE 0 03636 ]o.04 = 0.90907
From Figure 3.25 Ca) *
C Ye, = (0.90909) ( shgg ) a ~Sie-1e per one
00S
(b=) feg = ©-0909)( ee -G eeie per vdrt
(tel ¢ ag = (0-82045- 0.70107) (sh53)= +4 eg
bait
the per-vart posite -Seguence network Is 7
~Sieere Eu
i
a V1-6527 Ven
Lier Unie aclmnrttances Qre shows) 3-63
A RADIAL Lime Uintk TAR= CHANGING TRANSFORMERS AT Som RDS
AS Bown BEL, = --
w 3 Na sean
Você também pode gostar
- The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good LifeNo EverandThe Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good LifeNota: 4 de 5 estrelas4/5 (5814)
- The Perfect Marriage: A Completely Gripping Psychological SuspenseNo EverandThe Perfect Marriage: A Completely Gripping Psychological SuspenseNota: 4 de 5 estrelas4/5 (1135)
- The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People Personal WorkbookNo EverandThe 7 Habits of Highly Effective People Personal WorkbookNota: 4 de 5 estrelas4/5 (2515)
- The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good LifeNo EverandThe Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good LifeNota: 4.5 de 5 estrelas4.5/5 (20102)
- Pride and Prejudice: Bestsellers and famous BooksNo EverandPride and Prejudice: Bestsellers and famous BooksNota: 4.5 de 5 estrelas4.5/5 (20479)
- Never Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On ItNo EverandNever Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On ItNota: 4.5 de 5 estrelas4.5/5 (3313)
- Art of War: The Definitive Interpretation of Sun Tzu's Classic Book of StrategyNo EverandArt of War: The Definitive Interpretation of Sun Tzu's Classic Book of StrategyNota: 4 de 5 estrelas4/5 (3321)
- The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: The Infographics EditionNo EverandThe 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: The Infographics EditionNota: 4 de 5 estrelas4/5 (2487)
- Influence, New and Expanded: The Psychology of PersuasionNo EverandInfluence, New and Expanded: The Psychology of PersuasionNota: 4.5 de 5 estrelas4.5/5 (730)
![American Gods [TV Tie-In]: A Novel](https://imgv2-2-f.scribdassets.com/img/audiobook_square_badge/626321117/198x198/22ab6b48b6/1718315036?v=1){kind=icon}
